2022-2023学年上海市上海中学高二下学期期末考考试英语试卷含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年上海市上海中学高二下学期期末考考试英语试卷含答案，共9页。
2023年上海中学高二下期末考试
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.
21. Most of the world views freedom of opinion as a basic human right and we Chinese people also consider it ______.
A. as such B. such as C. as so D. so as
22. Such fears of failing the tests ______ you have are totally unnecessary. You'd better remove them from your mind.
A. that B. which C. as D. so
23. Despite every means ______ to unlock the secrets of nature, there still exist certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood.
A. has been tried B. have been tried C. tried D. tries
24. As the Chinese saying goes, “Meat pies won't just fall from the sky on________happens to be lucky enough to be living below.”
A. who B. anyone C. whoever D whomever
25. On the pleasant shore of the city, about half way between Marseilles and the Italian boarder, ______ a large number of oak trees.
A. stand B. stands C. does stand D. standing are
26. No matter how frequently ______, the plays of Shakespeare still attract people worldwide.
A. being performed B. to be performed
C. it's performed D. performed
27. It was sad to the volunteer that the farmers, so poor themselves, ______ bring him food.
A. might B. would C. should D. could
28. In his time, he enjoyed a reputation in music ______.
A. as great as Mozart, if not greater than B. as great, if not greater, as Mozart
C. as great as, if not great than, Mozart D. greater, it not as great as Mozart
29. — We could have walked to the new campus. It was not far from the main campus.
— Yes. Taking the shuttle bus ______ at all necessary.
A. wasn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. wouldn't have been
30. In the past three years, the homeroom teacher has witnessed many cases of her students ______ by failures.
A. to be frustrated B. having been frustrated
C. be frustrated D. frustrated
31. She is very faithful in that she will always be there after the friends you ______ forgotten your very name.
A. have B. had C. had have D. have had
32. The graduation songs for the class of 2023 have been heard ______ many times today.
A. to broadcast B. have broadcast C. broadcast D. broadcasting33. More than half a milling pipes in cities burst every year, so more than 6 billion gallons of water ______ leaky pipes.
A. are lost to B. are losing to C. lose to D. have lost to
34. Priceline. com CEO Jeff Boyd blamed on-going financial problems worldwide for keeping potential travelers ______ at home.
A. struck B. stroke C. stuck D. split
35. Fields of tall corn ______ into the distance wherever you looked.
A. swayed B. stretched C. shattered D. slipped
36. His public image as a generous and kind business executive ______ a history of violent crime against animals.
A. suffered B. ensured C. exploded D. masked
37. The university faced a cost overrun ______ a tight budget coupled with miscalculation.
A. in succession to B. in relation to C. in charge of D. on account of
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.
Two Ancient Stories and the Geological Events That May Have Inspired Them
Myths have fed the imaginations and souls of humans for thousands of years. The vast majority of these are just stories people 1 （hand） down through the ages. But a few have roots in real geological events of the past, providing warning of potential dangers and speaking to the awe we hold for the power of the planet.
The Oracle（神示所）at Delphi
In ancient Greece, in the town of Delphi on the slopes of Mount Parnassus, there was a temple 2 （devote） to the god Apollo. Within a sacred chamber, a priestess called the Pythia would breathe in sweet-smelling vapors coming from 3 crack in the rock. These vapors would send her into a state of excitement during which she would channel Apollo and speak 4 would then be turned into prophesies（预言）by a priest.
Science: The temple was a real place, and scientists have discovered two geologic faults （断层） 5 （run） beneath the site, now in ruins. Gas was likely coming from those cracks 6 the oracle was in action.
Atlantis
Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher, wrote that Atlantis, a great civilization founded by a race of people who were half god and half human, 7 （destroy） in a great disaster.
Science: Atlantis probably wasn't a real place, but a real island civilization may have inspired the tale. 8 the contestants is Santorini in Greece. Santorini is now a group of islands, but thousands of years ago it was a single island –a volcano named Thera. Around 3, 500 years ago, the volcano blew up, destroying the island, setting off tsunamis and blowing tons of sulfur dioxide（二氧化硫） into the atmosphere 9 it continued to exist for years and probably caused many cold, wet summers. Those conditions would have ruined harvests in the region and are thought 10 （contribute） to the quick decline of the Minoans, who had dominated the Mediterranean from nearby Crete.
Section C
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. finances B. continued C. decline D. addressing E. pressured AB. unneedy
AC. giving AD. charges AE. tempered BC. skipping BD. cause
How to Check Out a Charity Before You Donate
You hear the words “childhood disease” or “natural disaster,” and it can be hard to say no to donation requests to help. But your instinct to be generous always should be 38 by a healthy dose of doubt. The recent crackdown launched by the Federal Trade Commission（FTC） on four cancer charities a good reminder to make sure your donations are put to good use. So how can you make sure that the money you give doesn't end up lining the pockets of the 39 ? Follow these tips.
Hang up on telemarketers. The cancer charities charged with fraud by the FTC used telemarketing calls to raise donations. If you get a call from a group asking for money, you might feel 40 to make a donation on the spot. But the FTC cautions that you shouldn't rush to say yes but 41 any requests to give over the phone. Telemarketing companies often keep a significant portion of the funds they raise. You're better off 42 the middleman and contacting a charity directly to make a donation.
Don't wait for charities to come to you. To avoid feeling the pressure to give to an organization that reaches out to you, figure out what 43 is important to you. Then find charities that are 44 it. You can browse charities that have been evaluated by Charity Navigator by category to identify groups you want to support. Having a（n） 45 plan will make it easier to avoid making impulse donations.
Research before you give. The FTC 46 against the four cancer charities shows that just because an organization claims to do good doesn't mean it actually does. That's why it's important to find out as much as you can about how an organization will use your donation before you give. You can start with third-party evaluations and ratings at sites such as Charity Navigator and Charity Watch, which examine charities' 47 , governance and effectiveness.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehensions
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Foreign aid and NGOs can make things worse when disaster strikes
Nearly all of us are collective donors in some sense - when governments send relief to disaster areas, the money they use comes from taxpayers. Many of us are also 48 donors, sending funds directly from our own wallets to charitable organizations. But in the past 10 to 15 years, accusations of 49 relief efforts and unused donations have generated concern among donors. These concerns are not 50 ; large-scale international disaster relief can have drawbacks that range from wasting resources to seriously undermining（削弱）local governments.
One of the biggest challenges to disaster relief is coordination（协调）. After disaster strikes, immediate necessities are important, but what is the best way to 51 them? Unfortunately, pouring donated items into a disaster area can 52 relief efforts. Their arrival in large numbers can cause “the second disaster”, 53 relief workers with extra responsibilities and taking up precious space.
Then there are the consequent effects of 54 for donations for sudden big emergencies. A heartfelt expression of feeling can harm other charitable efforts by redirecting funds. The 2007 economic decline, 55 , hit US charitable givingwhich didn't recover until 2014. In such a time of donation 56 , increasing donations to a disaster area can take funds away from other efforts that might be able to use it better.
If coordination is good and immediate relief goes well, damaged communities move into the 57 phase. For individuals, this includes returning to work, and recollecting personal networks, all of which require 58 to basic public services. The charitable supply of these services can have 59 consequences. Most philanthropic （慈善的） organizations want to 60 their rebuilding efforts with local workers. This practice is beneficial to a post-disaster economy as it provides a（n） 61 source of wages. But if salaries and work standards of these visiting organizations are higher than those offered in the recovery area, these visitors end up causing an intemal 62 . Top employees are no longer available or willing to work in the public sector.
48. A. individual B. generous C. competent D. cautious
49. A. involuntary B. desperate C. ill-intentioned D. counterproductive
50. A. reasonable B. unfounded C. prompt D. limited
51. A. strike B. secure C. deliver D. pace
52. A. renew B. resist C. demand D. slow
53. A. overloading B. supplying C. charging D. greeting
54. A. votes B. appeals C. pressures D. substitutes
55. A. on the contrary B. as a result C. in the meanwhile D. for example
56. A. fear B. boom C. scarcity D. change
57. A. final B. recovery C. critical D. distinct
58. A. reference B. attention C. access D. favor
59. A. positive B. immediate C. mixed D. uncertain
60. A. staff B. benefit C. replace D. survive
61. A. external B. reliable C. natural D. solid
62. A. weak economy B. unstable community C. class prejudice D. brain drain
Section B
Directions: Read the following two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
My family lost everything in the little-known flood of Baton Rouge, Louisiana last year that the Red Cross called the “Worst US disaster since Hurricane Sandy.”
It began raining in mid-August. Then it rained some more, got more powerful, and didn't stop for days. There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest （到达顶点）and cause some pretty serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but our senior neighbors told us that our neighborhood hadn't flooded in over 100 years.
Local news said that the nearby high school may get a little bit of water inside from the rising river. We thought we had a couple of days to plan on how we were going to shelter in place because of the weather forecast.On the 13th of August I woke up, walked outside and headed toward the direction of the river. Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighborhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was fairly certain there was nothing to worry about.
About 30 minutes into slowly packing there was a loud banging on my front door. It was my wife's cousin. I opened the door and she said, “What are you doing?! Get out of the house!” I looked behind her and noticed my entire yard underwater and the waterline only about a half-inch from going over my doorstep and into my house.
I was floored. The river wasn't supposed to crest until the next day. I thought we had more time.
I yelled at my wife, “We have to get out of the house. Now!”
We packed up both our cars in about 10 minutes with only our most precious memories. Everything else we had built during a 10-year marriage was left behind. We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife's grandmothers.
After being there for about an hour someone came to the front door and said, “You guys ned to get out. The river is coming.”
Sure enough, her yard was flooding too.
We evacuated a second time in as many hours to her cousin's house even further east. After only an hour we were told again that the river was on the way and we had to leave.
63. The author realized the arrival of the flood when ______.
A. the rain started to fall heavily and non-stop
B. the nearby high school was slightly affected
C. there was standing water in some lower areas
D. he was informed by his wife's cousin at the door
64. What does the author mean by saying “I was floored” in the 6th paragraph?
A. He was clam enough to cope with the flood.
B. He became trapped by the rising floodwater.
C. He was shocked by the early arrival of the flood.
D. He lost his temper with his wife for being unprepared.
65. From the story, what do we know about the author's evacuation?
A. He didn't take action immediately despite his neighbor's warning.
B. He trusted the weather forecast so that he prepared himself in advance.
C. He and his wife brought some supplies and valuable belongings with them.
D. He was forced to leave the temporary homes again and again to avoid danger.
66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Mutual Support in Disasters B. Baton Rouge Flooding
C. How to Survive a Flood D. Methods of Predicting Floods
（B）
“Black Blizzard（暴风雪）”by Maurine V. Eleder

This suspenseful story follows two young girls, at home alone, when a dust storm arises.
Despite their young age, Betty and Mary Ann quickly take action when the severe dust storm hits. They begin taking measures to block the dust from coming into the house, which would make the air unbreathable. Although they are frightened, they take comfort thinking they can just wait out the storm inside their home.
Unfortunately, Betty realizes her beloved horse is caught out in the “black blizzard.” One wrong move in the blinding storm, and Fancifoot could injure himself-- or worse. Betty faces the difficult decision of leaving her younger sister to brave the storm or risking Fancifoot's life to remain in safety
Teachers could use this text to teach the history of the Dust Bowl of the 1930s or to teach thescience behind the causes and effects of soil erosion.
“Tornado Coming!” by Dick Donley
If your students love the nail-biting tale “Black Blizzard,” they'll love “Tornado Coming!” as well. Because this story includes a tornado, a young kid, a small dog, and a strange neighbor, you might be reminded of another tale you've read before. However, there are no talking scarecrows（稻草人） or flying monkeys in this story!
Matt is home alone with Buster when he hears the siren（警报）warning of a tornado. Mentally ticking through the safety tips he learned in school, Matt heads for the storm cellar （防风地窖）with the tornado forming at his back. With only moments to spare, Matt realizes he must leave his little dog in the safety of the storm cellar to run to the aid of his unpleasant neighbor, Mrs. Laney. After the storm passes, Matt doesn't wake up to find himself in Australia; however, he does find himself in a pretty odd place.
This text weaves helpful tornado safety measures throughout a narrative story. For a creative follow-up activity, teachers could assign different natural disasters to small groups for research. Then, groups could use their research and the model text “Tornado Coming!” to incorporate safety tips within their own short stories about their assigned natural disaster.
67. The target readers of this passage are teachers who ______.
A. want to help students learn about natural disasters
B. take an interest in stores related to natural disasters
C. have the need to equip children with safety measures
D. are looking for inviting and inspiring children's stories
68. We can learn from the texts that______.
A. Betty and Mary are too young to fight against the storm alone
B. Betty is torn between saving Fancifoot's life and protecting Mary
C. Matt offers Mrs. Laney timely help at the cost of losing his little dog
D. Students can add safety tips for other natural disasters to “Tornado Coming!”
69. What do the two books have in common?
A. Both involve a natural disaster, little kids, an animal and a neighbor.
B. They touch upon the theme of caring for others and self-reliance.
C. Helpful safety measures are highlighted in the narratives.
D. The main characters suffer pain and face a dilemma.
（C）Here's how the Pacific Northwest is preparing for “The Big One”. It's the mother of all disaster drills for what could be the worst disaster in American history. California has spent years preparing for “The Big One”— the inevitable earthquake that will undoubtedly bring about all kinds of damage along the famous San Andreas fault. But what if the fault that runs along the Pacific Northwest delivers a gigantic earthquake of its own? If the people of the Cascadia region have anything to do with it, they won't be caught unawares.
The region is engaged in a multi-day earthquake-and-tsunami drill involving around 20, 000 people. The Cascadia Rising drill gives area residents and emergency responders a chance to practice what to do in case of a 9. 0-magnitude earthquake and tsunami along one of the nation's dangerous and underestimated faults.
The Cascadia Earthquake Zone is big enough to compete with San Andreas （it's been called the most dangerous fault in America）, but it's much lesser known than its California cousin. Nearly 700 miles long, the earthquake zone is located by the North American Plate off the coast of Pacific British Columbia. Washington, Oregon and Northern California.
Cascadia is what's known as a “megathrust” fault. Megathrusts are created in subduction zones（俯冲带）— plate tectonic（板块构造）boundaries where two plates converge（相交）. In the areas where one plate is beneath another, stress builds up over time. During a megathrust event, all of that stress releases and some of the world's most powerful earthquake occur. Remember the 9. I earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean off Sumatra in 2004? It was caused by a megathrust event as the India plate moved beneath the Burma micro-plate.
The last time a major earthquake occurred along the Cascadia fault was in 1700, so officials worry that another event could occur any time. To prevent that event from becoming a severe disaster, first responders will join members of the public in rehearsals that involve communication, evacuation, search and rescue, and other possible situations.
Thousands of casualties（伤亡人员） are expected if a 9. 0 earthquake were to occur. First, the earthquake would shake metropolitan areas including Seattle and Portland. This could cause a tsunami that would create damage along the coast. Not all casualties can necessarily be prevented - but by coordinating across local, state, and even national borders, officials hope that the worst-case situation can be prevented. On the exercise's website, officials explain that the report they prepare during this rehearsal will inform disaster management for years to come.
For hundreds of thousands of Cascadia residents, “The Big One” isn't a question of if, only when. And it's never too early to get ready for the inevitable.
70. What does “The Big One” refer to?
A. A gigantic geological fault in America.
B. A large-scale drill to prepare for disasters.
C. A massive and destructive natural disaster.
D. Mass destruction caused by the earthquake.
71. What is the purpose of the Cascadia Rising drill?
A. To prepare people for a major earthquake and tsunami.
B. To increase residents'awareness of upcoming disasters.
C. To teach people now how adapt to post-disaster life.
D. To cope with the aftermath of a possible earthquake.
72. What happens in case of a megathrust earthquake according to the passage?A. Two plates merge into one. B. A variety of forces converge.
C. Boundaries blur between plates. D. Enormous stress is released.
73. What can we learn from the passage?
A. A large-scale drill is supposed to prevent deaths in the earthquake.
B. San Andreas fault once delivered a 9. 1 earthquake in the Indian Ocean.
C. No massive earthquake is expected to strike Califomia in the near future.
D. Disaster-relief efforts at different levels may help reduce possible losses.
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. It is because caring for people is an activity traditionally considered to be typical of women.
B. It is sometimes used to shut women down from talking because they've got to ‘be kind’.
C. The reason for this may simply be that these people have more confidence to be kind.
D. Your religious beliefs and your values system also help to determine how kind you are.
E. Also, two-thirds of people in the study think the pandemic has made people kinder.
AB. Our desire to be kind is actually quite selfish, on one level, she explains.
Cool to be kind: being nice is good for us so why don't we all do it
What is it, exactly, that makes us kind? The Kindness Test suggests that people who receive, give or even just notice more acts of kindness tend to experience higher levels of well-being and life satisfaction. 74 . And nearly 60% participants claimed to have received an act of kindness in the previous 24 hours. “It is a big part of human nature, to be kind - because it's such a big part of how we connect with people and how we have relationships,” says Claudia Hammond, the leading researcher. It is win-win, because we not only like receiving kindness, but we also like being kind.
75 . Because we have evolved to have empathy, we have many hidden reasons for being kind. The chief one is that it makes us feel good.
People who have been told they should be kind are naturally more likely to notice opportunities to be kind: “They have expectations. Then, they take action,” she says. This may be one of the reasons why women who filled in the study's online questionnaire were more likely to report being kind, receiving kindness and seeing kindness. Women may feel that they ought to report performing acts of kindness. 76 . For this reason, Hammond questions how much girlsare stereotypically being taught at a young age, to be caring — and whether that puts an unequal amount of pressure on girlsto be kind as they grow up.
Overall, the study suggests the greatest predictor of kindness is not your gender, but your personality. People who scored high on extraversion（外向性）, openness to new experiences and agreeableness self-reported giving and receiving more kindness, as did people who talking to strangers. 77 .
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1. 游客纷至沓来，欣赏郊外的春日胜景. （pour）
2. 要不是得到了好心人的帮助，他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来. （survive）3. 公司耗尽资源研发了有竞争力的产品，最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境. （end）
4. 在我们眼里腼腆的小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事，令我们对他刮目相看. （account）


Ⅱ. 21-25ACCCA 26-30DCCAB 31-35CCACB 36-37DD
38. AE 39. AB 40. E 41. C 42. BC 43. BD 44. D 45. AC 46. AD 47. A
48. A 49. D 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. B
58. C 59. C 60. A 61. A 62. D 63. D 64. C 65. D 66. B 67. A
68. B 69. B 70. C 71. A 72. D 73. D 74. E 75. AB 76. A 77. C