精品解析：广东省广州市南沙区2022-2023学年九年级下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份精品解析：广东省广州市南沙区2022-2023学年九年级下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版），共19页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
初中毕业班教学衔接调研
英语
本试卷共四大题，共11页。满分90分，用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，参加调研学生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和调研号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.参加调研学生必须保持答题卡的整洁。调研结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It might be many people’s first-time hearing about the Chinese paddlefish, and they probably have never seen ___1___ swimming in the Yangtze River with their own eyes. Chinese paddlefish ___2___ for more than 150 million years, sharing the same sky ___3___ dinosaurs. ___4___ it didn’t survive 2022.
Chinese paddlefish, often ___5___ as “king of freshwater fish” in China, could weigh as ___6___ as 500 kilograms. Adult fish could grow ___7___ about meters long. It had a long, silver-gray body and a very large month. With ___8___ developed eyes, the fish used its long, sword-like nose to sense electrical activity ___9___ food.
The decline of Chinese paddlefish has been put down to human ____10____. These giants were once commonly seen and caught not only in the Yangtze but also ____11____ rivers in China. Their huge size made them a popular target for fishermen and a welcome dish to dinner tables. Overfishing（过度捕捞）caused their populations to decline sharply in the latter half of ____12____ century.
In 2003, ____13____ adult Chinese paddlefish was accidentally caught near Yibin, in south-central China. The big fish was released back into the water after ____14____ treatment. Scientists hoped to follow its movements, but within hours all signals ____15____. It turned out to be the last of the species ever seen alive.
The sad news of Chinese paddlefish’s extinction（灭绝）spread quickly online. One said, “I’ve never met you before. The moment I do, it’s goodbye forever.”
1. A. they B. their C. them D. themselves
2. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. living
3. A. to B. with C. as D. for
4. A. And B. Because C. So D. But
5. A. known B. knows C. knew D. knowing
6. A. heavy B. heavily C. heavier D. heaviest
7. A. to B. up C. with D. in
8. A. poor B. poorly C. poorer D. poorest
9. A. find B. finding C. to find D. found
10. A. activities B. actively C. active D. activity
11. A. another B. others C. other D. the other
12. A. twenty B. the twenty C. twentieth D. the twentieth
13. A. a B. an C. the D. \
14. A. receive B. receives C. received D. receiving
15. A. lost B. were lost C. lose D. losing
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们的过度捕捞使得中国白鲟灭绝的事情。
【1题详解】
句意：这可能是许多人第一次听说中国白鲟，他们可能从未亲眼见过它们在长江中游泳。
they他们，人称代词主格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，人称代词宾格；themselves他们自己，反身代词。因为“have never seen”为动词，所以此空应填人称代词宾格，故选C。
【2题详解】
句意：中国白鲟已经生活了超过1.5亿年，与恐龙共享同一片天空。
live居住，动词原形；lived居住，动词过去式；have lived居住，现在完成时；living居住，动名词或现在分词。根据“for more than 150 million years”可知，此句为现在完成时，故选C。
【3题详解】
句意：中国白鲟已经生活了超过1.5亿年，与恐龙共享同一片天空。
to表方向；with和；as作为；for为了。share sth. with“与……共享”，固定搭配，故选B。
【4题详解】
句意：但它没能撑过2022年。
And和；Because因为；So所以；But但是。分析“Chinese paddlefish have lived for more than 150 million years, sharing the same sky with dinosaurs...it didn’t survive 2022.”可知，前后两句话为转折关系，用but引导，故选D。
【5题详解】
句意：中国的白鲟在中国常被称为“淡水鱼之王”，重达500公斤。
known直到，过去分词；knows知道，动词三单；knew知道，动词过去式；knowing知道，现在分词。be known as“被称为”，固定搭配，又因为此空缺非谓语，故选A。
【6题详解】
句意：中国的白鲟在中国常被称为“淡水鱼之王”，重达500公斤。
heavy重的；heavily重地；heavier更重的；heaviest最重的。as+形容词/副词原级+as“和……一样”，此处修饰weigh应用形容词，故选A。
【7题详解】
句意：成鱼可以长到几米长。
to到；up上；with和；in在……里面。grow up“长大”，动词短语，故选B。
【8题详解】
句意：由于眼睛发育不良，这条鱼用它长长的剑状鼻子来感知电活动食物。
poor差的；poorly糟糕地；poorer更糟糕的；poorest最糟糕的。根据“With...developed eyes,”可知，此空缺副词修饰动词developed，故选B。
【9题详解】
句意：由于眼睛发育不良，这条鱼用它长长的剑状鼻子来感知电活动食物。
find发现，动词原形；finding发现，动名词或现在分词；to find发现，动词不定式；found发现，动词过去式。根据“the fish used its long, sword-like nose to sense electrical activity...food.”可知，此空缺状语，意为这条鱼用它长长的剑状鼻子目的是来感知电活动食物。to do不定式做目的状语，故选C。
【10题详解】
句意：中国白鲟的衰落被归咎于人类活动。
activities活动，名词复数；actively积极地；active积极的；activity活动。根据“The decline of Chinese paddlefish has been put down to human...”可知，此空缺名词，且空前没有冠词所以用名词复数，human activities“人类活动”，故选A。
【11题详解】
句意：这些巨人曾经不仅在长江中常见，而且在中国的其他河流中也被捕获。
another另一个（三者及以上的另一个）；others其他的人/事；other其他的；the other另一个（两者中另一个）。因为空后 rivers为名词，所以此空缺定语，表示其他的河流，故选C。
【12题详解】
句意：过度捕捞导致其它们的数量在二十世纪后半叶急剧减少。
twenty二十；the twenty二十；twentieth 第二十；the twentieth第二十。the+序数词+century“几世纪”，固定搭配，故选D。
【13题详解】
句意：2003年，一条成年的中国白鲟在中国中南部的宜宾附近被意外捕获。
a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，用于特指；\没有冠词。根据“adult Chinese paddlefish was accidentally caught near Yibin, in south-central China.”可知，此处指一条成年的中国白鲟，为泛指，且adult为元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an，故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：经过处理后，这条鱼被放回了水中。
receive接收，动词原形；receives接收，动词三单；received接收，动词过去式；receiving接收，动词现在分词。空前有介词after所以此空应填动名词，故选D。
【15题详解】
句意：科学家们希望跟踪它的运动，但几个小时后所有信号都消失了。
lost消失，动词过去式；were lost消失，被动语态；lose消失，动词原形；losing消失，动词现在分词。all signals与lose为动宾关系，构成被动，其构成为：be+done，故选B。
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Elephant and monkey
Long ago and far away, a wise old owl heard Monkey and Elephant ____16____. Elephant showed off, “I am so strong that I can push down a tree with my trunk (鼻子)!”
Monkey also said ____17____, “I can run and climb like no other animal!” As the owl flew by, Monkey asked, “Is it better to be strong like an elephant or to be agile like a monkey?”
The wise owl said, “Who is ready for a task that will help you ____18____ your problem? There is a fruit tree across the river. Go, pick the ripest fruit, and bring it to me.”
Elephant and Monkey went straight to the ____19____. The water in it ran ____20____, and Monkey was afraid to cross. “Get on my back,” said Elephant. “I am big and strong. I can ____21____ across the river.” Unwillingly, Monkey climbed on elephant’s back. Across the river they went.
They found that the trunks of the tree were wide and strong. The fruit hung ____22____ above them. Elephant tried to break the tree down, but he could not move it. He tried to reach the fruit with his ____23____, but it couldn’t touch it.
“I can climb,” exclaimed Monkey. He climbed up the tree and threw the ripest fruit down to Elephant. Elephant grasped the fruit; they continued to cross the river and bring the fruit to the owl.
The wise old owl gratefully ____24____ the fruit and asked, “Who learned a lesson today?”
Monkey and Elephant looked at one another, smiled and said, “Together, we can do ____25____ things!”
16. A. talking B. arguing C. playing D. reading
17. A. sadly B. happily C. angrily D. proudly
18. A. solve B. cause C. make D. see
19 A. tree B. bank C. river D. beach
20. A. quickly B. slowly C. strongly D. heavily
21. A. walk B. fly C. climb D. jump
22. A. short B. high C. heavy D. light
23. A. mouth B. foot C. tail D. trunk
24. A. brought B. took C. threw D. picked
25. A. great B. silly C. interesting D. funny
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了大象和猴子争吵谁比较强的问题，最后猫头鹰给了他们一个任务去过河摘水果，谁摘到谁就强，最后大象和猴子一起合作摘得了水果。
【16题详解】
句意：很久以前，在很远的地方，一只聪明的老猫头鹰听到猴子和大象在争吵。
talking谈论；arguing争吵；playing玩；reading阅读。根据下文大象和猴子各执一词可知，此处表示争吵。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：猴子也自豪地说道。
sadly伤心地；happily高兴地；angrily生气地；proudly自豪地。根据上文“showed off”可知，大象在炫耀自己的鼻子，此处表示猴子也自豪地炫耀自己的能力。故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：谁准备好接受可以帮助你们解决问题的任务？
solve解决；cause导致；make制造；see看见。solve problems表示“解决问题”。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：大象和猴子直奔河而去。
tree树；bank银行，岸；river河；beach沙滩。根据下文“The water in it”可知，这里的it指的是河流。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：河里面的水流得很快。
quickly快速地；slowly慢慢地；strongly坚强地；heavily沉重地，猛烈地。根据下文“and Monkey was afraid to cross.”可知，河流很快猴子不敢过河。故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：我可以走过河。
walk步行，走；fly飞；climb爬；jump跳跃。结合常识和语境，大象只能走过去。故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：水果高高地挂在他们上方。
short矮的；high高的；heavy重的；light轻的。根据下文“it couldn’t touch it”可知，果子应该是在很高的地方。故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：他试图用鼻子去够水果，但是够不着。
mouth嘴巴；foot脚；tail尾巴；trunk象鼻。根据上文“Elephant tried to break the tree down, but he could not move it.”可知，大象撞不倒树，只能用鼻子去够水果。故选D。
【24题详解】
句意：聪明的老猫头鹰感激地接过果子，问道。
brought带来；took拿走；threw扔；picked挑选。根据上文“bring the fruit to the owl.”可知，猫头鹰是拿走了猴子和大象递过来的水果。故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：齐心协力，我们可以做伟大的事情！
great伟大的，重大的；silly愚蠢的；interesting有趣的；funny滑稽的。根据前文的猴子和大象的经历可知，此处指齐心协力可以做成伟大的事。故选A。
三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A

There are a lot of famous roads with unique view in the world, but few can be as special as this one.
In southern China there is a famous road built across Poyang Lake, China’s largest freshwater lake. The people of China call it the most beautiful road under the water.
Towards the end of May every year, the road begins to attract a lot of attention. The color of the Lake either side begins to change into two different tones. One side presents vivid green while the other shows thick blue. The surface of the road is so close to the water level of the lake. As you drive along, the view ahead is broad and bright. It feels as you are riding a boat across the lake.
People call it the road under the water for a reason. For the next few months, this road is no longer just above the surface, but deep under the water. As the water level of Poyang Lake rises, the road is gradually flooded. Although drivers can no longer see the road surface, they can still drive across safely by keeping within the guard rails on either side. For thrill seeking motorist, it’s like driving an amphibious supercar（两栖路用车）that can both travel on land and sail on the water. As the water levels continue to rise, after a few days, the entire road will be completely submerged, only leaving the lonely guard rails above water.
Eventually, a few months later, the road reappears again.
26. What makes the road across Poyang Lake so special?
A. It is very beautiful. B. It is under the Poyang Lake.
C. It lets you drive across a lake. D. You can see many supercars there.
27. When is the best time for thrill seeking motorist to visit the road?
A. In the summer months. B. In the autumn months.
C. In the winter months. D. In the spring months.
28. The writer wants to tell us _______ in Paragraph 4.
A. when people can drive across the Poyang Lake B. why people call it the road under the water
C. what kind of super car can run on the road D. how the road is flooded into the water
29. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. It is a road across Poyang Lake.
B. People are allowed to drive on the road all year round.
C. The most exciting part is that people can drive both on the land and in the water.
D. People can see two different colors when driving along the road at the end of May.
【答案】26. B 27. B 28. B 29. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鄱阳湖周边的一条公路。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In southern China, there is a famous road built across Poyang Lake, China’s largest freshwater lake.”可知，这条公路因为在中国最大的淡水湖鄱阳湖下面而特别，故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“For the next few months, this road is no longer just above the surface, but deep under the water.”以及“For thrill seeking motorist, it’s like driving an amphibious supercar（两栖路用车）that can both travel on land and sail on the water.”可知，在每年的秋季随着鄱阳湖水位的上升，道路逐渐被淹，对于寻求刺激的驾车者来说，这就像驾驶一辆水陆两用超级跑车，既可以在陆地上行驶，也可以在水上航行。故选B。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。通读第四段可知，本段在讲人们称这段路为水下之路的原因。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“As the water levels continue to rise, after a few days, the entire road will be completely submerged, only leaving the lonely guard rails above water.”可知，随着水位的持续上升，整条路都将被完全淹没后就不可以通车了，选项B说法错误，故选B。
B
What’s in your IP?
If you share a photo on Weibo, others will know you are in Shanghai. Chinese social media platforms now display their users’ locations. All this information is based on our IP addresses. So, what exactly is an IP address? Can others accurately locate us through our IP addresses?
You may compare your IP address to your home address. Your friends can find your home with your home address. Similarly, with your IP address, other devices(设备) can “find” your device. Without your IP address, Bilibili wouldn’t know where to send that cute cat video you just clicked on.
But your IP address doesn’t directly give away your name, phone number or home address. It only shows your general location. However, risks still exist.
Everything you do online is being monitored, whether by social media platforms or your browser(浏览器). This data is often linked to your IP address. It is stored on servers(服务器) across the world. Nobody can know your online activities just by having your IP address. However, there are “bad guys” out there. Cybercriminals(网络罪犯) can steal your information by hacking(非法侵入) into certain servers. Companies get hacked every day, so the chance of this happening is never zero.
Skilled hackers can also reach your device by knowing your IP address. This is especially true if you are connected to public Wi-Fi networks. The hackers can then install malware on your devices. These pieces of software can steal your information without you knowing about it.
If you are worried about what happens if someone gets your IP address, you may consider changing your online habits. For example, do not share personal information on social media. Regularly changing your IP address can also make it harder for anyone to steal your information. You can do so by turning off your router(路由器) for a minute and then turning it on again.
30. Which is the easiest way for others to find your IP address?
A. Shopping online at home. B. Reading articles on Weibo.
C. Surfing the Internet in your company. D. Playing online games with public Wi-Fi.
31. What does the word “malware” mean in Paragraph 5?
A. A kind of IP addresses.
B. A special kind of hacker.
C. A software that can steal your information.
D. A dangerous Wi-Fi that will show your IP address.
32. Which of the following is right to protect one’s personal information?
A. Joe always changes his IP address every week or month.
B. David always posts his personal information on Bilibili.
C. Tom always uses public Wi-Fi when he is out.
D. Johnson never turns off his router.
33. What is the main purpose of the article?
A. To tell us how others can locate our home address.
B. To tell us how to protect personal information.
C. To tell us what IP address is.
D. To tell us what hackers do.
【答案】30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了IP是什么，IP所带来的风险以及如何避免这种风险。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Skilled hackers can also reach your device by knowing your IP address. This is especially true if you are connected to public Wi-Fi networks”可知黑客通过知道你的IP地址来访问你的设备，尤其是当你连接公共Wi-Fi，可推测连接公共Wi-Fi的情况下最容易获取你的IP地址，故选D。
【31题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“The hackers can then install malware on your devices. These pieces of software can steal your information without you knowing about it.”可知黑客可以在设备上安装软件来盗取你的信息，可推测malware表示的应是“可以盗取信息的软件”，故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Regularly changing your IP address can also make it harder for anyone to steal your information.”可知定期改变IP地址也会使任何人更难窃取你的信息，故可知A项可以保护个人信息，故选A。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章标题“What’s in your IP?”以及“So, what exactly is an IP address?”可知文章主要是说IP是什么，故选C。
C
Lab Safety Rules
Science labs helps a lot for learning, teaching, and research. But we also should be careful to avoid accidents and injuries in the lab.
STAY SAFE WHEN CONDUCTING YOURLABS
BY FOLLOWING THESE GUIDELINES.

Dress Appropriately
Tie back long hair, and wear suitable gloves, glasses, and other protective equipment.

No Food or Drink
Don’t eat or drink in lab and NEVER taste chemicals

Handle Glassware Carefully
Properly dispose of anything that breaks. Report cuts, spills and broken glass to your instructor immediately.

Know Location Of Emergency Numbers & First Aid Kit
Know the location of safety equipment and emergency phone numbers (such as poison control). Know where in the classroom the fire extinguisher, safety shower are placed.

Be Attentive
Don’t leave Bunsen burners（本生灯）on or leave an incomplete experiment alone. Tum off all heating appliances not in use.

Clean Up
Don’t obstruct work areas, floors, or exits. Keep coats, bags and other personal items stored in safe areas away from the lab. Carefully clean you workspace, equipment, wash your hands and throw away trash.

ID Hazards
Identify hazardous material before beginning lab


34. How many safety rules are mentioned in the passage?
A. 8. B. 7. C. 6. D. 5.
35. Who follows the rules in the lab?
A. Tom tastes if the white chemicals are sugar.
B. Linda leaves the incomplete experiment alone.
C. Cindy does the experiment without tying her long hair.
D. Tommy reports the broken glass to the instructor immediately.
36. Which of the following can best describe the passage?
A. A book report. B. A personal diary. C. A safety instruction. D. A business advertisement.
【答案】34. B 35. D 36. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了实验室的安全规则。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Dress Appropriately”；“No Food or Drink”；“Handle Glassware Carefully”；“Know Location Of Emergency Numbers & First Aid Kit”；“Be Attentive”；“Clean Up”；“ID Hazards”可知，文中一共提到了7条安全规则，故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Properly dispose of anything that breaks. Report cuts, spills and broken glass to your instructor immediately.”可知，妥善处理任何损坏的东西，所以对于破碎的玻璃要及时报告给老师，故选D。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了实验室的安全规则。选项C“安全指南”符合题意，故选C。
D
The Hispaniola anchored（抛锚）in a safe place near the shore. Captain Smollett decided to allow the sailors to go from the ship to the island in the boats. Secretly, he gave a gun to me. Long John Silver took thirteen men in the boats. Six sailors stayed on the ship. I suddenly had a crazy idea. ________. As one of the boats was leaving the ship, I jumped over the side and got in it.
“Is that you, Jim?” shouted Silver from another boat.
I was afraid. I was separated from my friends and with the enemies. As soon as the boat reached the beach, I jumped out and ran as fast as I could into the forest.
“Jim! Jim!” shouted Silver. But I continued to run.
I enjoyed exploring the island. I saw beautiful flowers, snakes, wild ducks and a large marsh（沼泽）. Then I heard voices. I crept secretly through the bushes（灌木）until I was able to hear the conversation. It was Silver and one of the sailors, Tom. Tom was an honest sailor but the cook wanted him to join him in his plan to steal the treasure and kill us.
There was the sound of a gun from another part of the island. They were shooting another honest sailor.
“I won’t help you,” said brave Tom and walked away from the one-legged cook.
Silver stood next to a tree and leaned on it. He took his crutch（拐杖）and threw the heavy piece of wood at Tom. It hit him and broke the poor man’s back. Immediately, Silver moved forward, took out a knife and killed the sailor. It was terrible!
The cook took the knife and cleaned the blood from it. I quickly went silently away. I was sick and afraid. I began to run towards the hills.
(Adapted from Treasure Island by Robert Stevenson)
37. Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank “_______” in the 1st Paragraph?
A. I wanted to run away! B. I wanted to kill Captain Smollett!
C. I wanted to take the ship! D. I wanted to find the treasure!
38. What’s the correct order of the following?
①Silver hit Tom with a heavy piece of wood. ②Jim reached island and ran into the forest.
③The Captain secretly gave Jim a gun. ④The ship anchored in a safe place.
⑤Tim heard the secret conversation in the bushes.
A. ③①②④⑤ B. ④③②①⑤ C. ③②①⑤④ D. ④③②⑤①
39. They killed another sailor probably because ________.
A. he ran away to the island by boat
B. he took the knife and wanted to kill Silver
C. he heard the conversation about treasure
D. he refused to join Silver to steal the treasure
40. According to the passage, what words can be used to describe Jim best?
A. Rude and cold. B. Honest but selfish. C. Brave and helpful. D. Wise and careful.
【答案】37. D 38. D 39. D 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文节选自小说《金银岛》，主要讲述了吉姆上岛之后看到的惊险一幕。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。结合小说内容和前一句“I suddenly had a crazy idea.”以及下文第五段中“…the cook wanted him to join him in his plan to steal the treasure…”可知小说里的各路人马都是为了寻宝，可推断出吉姆也想去找到宝藏。故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Hispaniola anchored（抛锚）in a safe place near the shore.”和“Secretly, he gave a gun to me.”可知伊斯帕尼奥拉号停在停泊在岸边安全的地方，船长先给了吉姆一支枪；根据第三段中“As soon as the boat reached the beach, I jumped out and ran as fast as I could into the forest.”可知接下来吉姆到达岛上，向森林里跑去；根据第五段中“ I crept secretly through the bushes（灌木）until I was able to hear the conversation.”可知吉姆在灌木丛里听到了秘密的谈话；根据倒数第二段中“He took his crutch（拐杖）and threw the heavy piece of wood at Tom.”可知西弗尔拿出拐杖击中了汤姆，所以选项D排序正确。故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。结合语境和上下文“Tom was an honest sailor but the cook wanted him to join him in his plan to steal the treasure”以及“‘I won’t help you,’ said brave Tom…Immediately, Silver moved forward, took out a knife and killed the sailor.”可知刚正不阿的水手汤姆不肯与西尔弗同流合污被杀害，可推断出另一个正直的水手也是因此被杀害。故选D。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“As one of the boats was leaving the ship, I jumped over the side and got in it.”和第三段中“As soon as the boat reached the beach, I jumped out and ran as fast as I could into the forest.”以及第五段中“I crept secretly through the bushes (灌木) until I was able to hear the conversation.”，尤其是最后一段中“I quickly went silently away.”可知吉姆悄悄地上船、登岛、得知西尔弗的阴谋等，还能及时地默默走开，可推断出吉姆很机智且谨慎。故选D。
第二节 阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文的内容，从所给的选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
Scientists have found fossils of animals with tails since hundreds of millions of years ago. Back then, early fish used their tails as fins（鳍）to swim through oceans, and run away from enemies. ____41____
Scientists believe that dinosaurs used their tails to balance their heavy heads and bodies while they walked. ____42____
Similarly, kangaroos use their tails for balance. But their tail also works as their third powerful leg, it can help push them forward. In addition, a monkey’s tail can also act like a hand, helping it to hold onto tree branches.
____43____ But their roles are quite different. Most tailed insects use their tails to lay eggs. Birds use their tails to balance while sitting on trees. They also use tails to control directions. For many birds, a spread and raised tail is part of the lover-finding show. ____44____ Male ones will spread their colorful tails to attract female ones.
Besides, animal that live in groups, like wolves, use different tail position to show their rank. ____45____ Scientists believe those tails disappeared around 20 million years ago. Once they started walking upright, we lost them because we had no use for them anymore.
A. Although humans don’t have long tails like monkeys, we did have tails!
B. As the fish walked onto the land, their tails started to change too.
C. This helped them run fast enough to catch and kill other animals.
D. Many insects also have tails.
E. Take peacocks for example.
【答案】41 B 42. C 43. D 44. E 45. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物尾巴作用。
【41题详解】
根据“Back then, early fish used their tails as fins（鳍）to swim through oceans, and run away from enemies.”可知，此处在讲鱼的尾巴，选项B“当鱼走到陆地上时，它们的尾巴也开始变了。”符合题意，故选B。
【42题详解】
根据“Scientists believe that dinosaurs used their tails to balance their heavy heads and bodies while they walked.”可知，此处在讲恐龙尾巴的作用，选项C“这帮助它们跑得足够快，可以捕捉并杀死其他动物。”符合题意，故选C。
【43题详解】
根据“Most tailed insects use their tails to lay eggs.”可知，此处在讲昆虫的尾巴，选项D“许多昆虫也有尾巴。”符合题意，故选D。
【44题详解】
根据“For many birds, a spread and raised tail is part of the lover-finding show.”可知，对许多鸟类来说，伸开并竖起尾巴是寻找爱人表演的一部分。选项E“以孔雀为例。”符合题意，故选E。
【45题详解】
根据“Scientists believe those tails disappeared around 20 million years ago. Once they started walking upright, we lost them because we had no use for them anymore.”可知，此处在谈论人类的尾巴，选项A“虽然人类不像猴子那样有长长的尾巴，但我们确实有尾巴！”符合题意，故选A。
四、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 语篇填词（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。在填写答卷时，要求写出完整单词。（每空限填一词）
Henry Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor with a very creative mind and a determination to help people. As a small boy, he became very i___46___ in medicine and decided to become a doctor. After he g___47___ from medical college in 1916, Bethune worked as a doctor in three c___48___, England, the US, and Canada. In 1938, Bethune left for China, after he heard that many people were dying in the war. In China, Dr Bethune did whatever he could to h___49___ the people with his medical knowledge.
After Dr Bethune’s death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him, in which he praised Dr Bethune as a h___50___ to be remembered in China.
【答案】46. (i)nterested
47. (g)raduated
48. (c)ountries
49. (h)elp 50. (h)ero
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了白求恩对医学的热爱及对中国的贡献和帮助。
【46题详解】
句意：当他还是个小男孩的时候，他就对医学很感兴趣，并决定成为一名医生。根据“decided to become a doctor.”可知，他对医学感兴趣，become interested in“对……感兴趣”，固定短语。故填(i)nterested。
【47题详解】
句意：1916年从医学院毕业后，白求恩在英国、美国和加拿大三个国家当过医生。根据“from medical college in 1916”可知，是从医学院毕业，graduate from“毕业于”，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(g)raduated。
【48题详解】
句意：1916年从医学院毕业后，白求恩在英国、美国和加拿大三个国家当过医生。根据“England, the US, and Canada.”可知，是指三个国家，country“国家”，three后跟名词复数。故填(c)ountries。
【49题详解】
句意：在中国，白求恩大夫尽他所能用他的医学知识帮助人们。根据“the people with his medical knowledge.”可知，是帮助人们，help“帮助”，不定式符号to后跟原形。故填(h)elp。
【50题详解】
句意：白求恩大夫逝世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章悼念白求恩，称赞白求恩大夫是中国值得铭记的英雄。根据“he praised Dr Bethune as a h... to be remembered in China”可知，是称赞白求恩为英雄，hero“英雄”，a后跟单数。故填(h)ero。
第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据各句的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。（每空限填一词）
51. 三年疫情把人们关在家里太久了，以至于今年春节各景点人满为患。
Three years of COVID-19 kept people at home for _______ _______ _______ the tourist attractions were _______ this Spring Festival.
【答案】 ①. so ②. long ③. that ④. everywhere
【解析】
【详解】对比中英文可知，本句为so...that...“如此……以至于……”句型，long“久的”，everywhere“到处，处处”，故填so；long；that；everywhere。
52. 表哥是个学霸，父母经常把我和他作比较。
My cousin is an excellent student, I _______ often _______ _______ him by my parents.
【答案】 ①. am ②. compared ③. with
【解析】
【详解】compare with“与……相比”，根据“by my parents”可知，应用被动语态结构，结合is可知，此句应用一般现在时被动语态“am/is/are done”，根据I可知，be动词用am，故填am；compared；with。
53. 汤姆丢了钥匙，他不知道在哪寻找。
Tom has lost his keys and he doesn’t know _______ _______ _______ for it.
【答案】 ①. where ②. to ③. look
【解析】
【详解】对比中英文可知，此处用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，“哪里”为where，“寻找”为look for，故填where；to；look。
54. 昨天让英语老师抓狂的那个学生就是小约翰。
The student _______ _______ the English teacher mad yesterday was little John.
【答案】 ①. who##that ②. drove
【解析】
【详解】分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，指代人在从句中作主语，用who/that引导；drive sb. mad”使某人抓狂“，动词短语，又根据”was“可知主语为一般过去时，所以从句也用一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填who/that；drove。
55. 郑和真是一个了不起的探险家！
_______ _______ _______ explorer Zheng He was!
【答案】 ①. What ②. an ③. amazing
【解析】
【详解】分析句子可知，本句为感叹句，中心词为名词感叹句explorer，所以用句型为“what+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主谓！”，amazing为“了不起的”，为元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填What；an；amazing。
第三节 书面表达（共1小题，满分15分）
56. 你的朋友小林即将要赴英国参加三个月的学习交流活动，他既兴奋又有压力，请你根据以下提示给他写一封邮件，帮他分析可能遇到的问题，并就其中的两个问题给他建议。

1.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2.不得透露学校、姓名等个人消息，否则不予评分。
Dear Xiaolin,
Congratulations on getting the chance to study in the UK. You may have some problems when you study aboard the first time.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Allan
【答案】例文：
Dear Xiaolin,
Congratulations on getting the chance to study in the UK. You may have some problems when you study aboard the first time. First of all you may miss our hometown and your family. Besides, you may not be accustomed to the diet because of the significant differences between Chinese and English diets. What’s more, you may encounter language barriers. Last but not least, you may also feel lonely. I have some suggestions for the problems you may encounter.
First of all, you can communicate more with foreign classmates and don’t be afraid of making mistakes. This can not only help you make more friends but also overcome language barriers. Secondly, share your life with your family through chat software. Third, for food, I believe trying different flavors is also a good experience for you.
Hope you can have a good time!
Yours,
Allan
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中给小林的建议的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图借用“简单介绍给小林的建议”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容：分析问题；给出建议；
第三步，书写结语表达“希望小林可以有个愉快的体验”的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①study aboard在国外学习
②be accustomed to习惯于
③language barriers语言障碍
[高分句型]
①You may have some problems when you study aboard the first time.（when引导的时间状语从句）
②Third, for food, I believe trying different flavors is also a good experience for you.（动名词作主语）