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高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课堂检测
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这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Laugh out loud!课堂检测，共6页。
1．It is e________ (极其重要的) that yu shuld have yur eyes examined regularly.
2．They were deeply i________ (使留下深刻印象) by the advertisements we had designed.
3．They g________ (露齿而笑) with delight when they saw the clwn.
4．The team tried their best and finally wn the game, s they d________ (应得) the fame.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She shwed the visitrs arund the amusement park, ________ which the cnstructin had taken mre than three years.
2．Mary was much kinder t Jack than she was t the thers, ________， f curse, made all the thers in a bad md.
3．Between the tw parts f the cncert is an interval, ________ the audience can make interactin.
4．As the linguist says, English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each f ________ uses it smewhat differently.
5．He nticed the small amusement park was ld and dirty ________ his daughter had a gd time.
6．The air quality in the city, ________ is shwn in the remark, has imprved ver the past tw mnths.
7．After the flding, peple were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, health care and shelter t survive.
8．I wish t thank the cmpser, withut ________ help I wuld never have gt this far.
9．The mischievus children, all f ________ had played the whle day lng, were wrn ut.
10．My witty sn, ________ wrk takes him all ver the wrld, is in New Yrk at the mment.
Ⅲ.用非限制性定语从句完成下列句子
1．你看过《皇家律师》这部电视剧吗？它的主角带着一头卷曲的假发。
Have yu seen the televisin drama SILK, ________________________ wears a curly wig.
2．众所周知，新课程与旧课程最根本的区别在于理念。
________________________， the essential differences between new curses and ld curses lie in the cncept.
3．那个男孩受到了责骂，因此他愁眉苦脸。
The by was tld ff, ____________________ he had a lng face.
4．桌子上有许多书，其中有些是那位语言学家的。
There are many bks n the table, ________________________ are the linguist's.
5．足球迷们笑了，因为他们的球队结束了他们在世界杯上没有获得奖牌的局面。
The ftball fans grinned because their team cncluded the situatin ________________________ in the Wrld Cup.
eq \a\vs4\al(层级二) 语言能力训练
阅读理解
A
Califrnia has lst half its big trees since the 1930s, accrding t a study t be published Tuesday and climate change seems t be a majr factr (因素).
The number f trees larger than tw feet acrss has declined by 50 percent n mre than 46，000 square miles f Califrnia frests, the new study finds. N area was spared r unaffected, frm the fggy nrthern cast t the Sierra Nevada Muntains t the San Gabriels abve Ls Angeles. In the Sierra high cuntry, the number f big trees has fallen by mre than 55 percent; in parts f suthern Califrnia the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factrs cntributed t the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an eclgist wh was the lead authr f the study. Wdcutters targeted big trees. Husing develpment pushed int the wds. Aggressive wildfire cntrl has left Califrnia frests crwded with small trees that cmpete with big trees fr resurces (资源).
But in cmparing a study f Califrnia frests dne in the 1920s and 1930s with anther ne between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his clleagues dcumented a widespread death f big trees that was evident even in wildlands prtected frm wdcutting r develpment.
The lss f big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shrtage. The researchers figured ut water stress with a cmputer mdel that calculated hw much water trees were getting in cmparisn with hw much they needed, taking int accunt such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness f sil, and the timing f snwmelt (融雪).
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factrs driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees t lse mre water t the air, and earlier snwmelt, which reduces the water supply available t trees during the dry seasn.
1．What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．The seriusness f bigtree lss in Califrnia.
B．The increasing variety f Califrnia big trees.
C．The distributin f big trees in Califrnia frests.
D．The influence f farming n big trees in Califrnia.
2．Which f the fllwing is wellintentined but may be bad fr big trees?
A．Eclgical studies f frests.
B．Banning wdcutting.
C．Limiting husing develpment.
D．Fire cntrl measures.
3．What is a majr cause f the water shrtage accrding t McIntyre?
A．Inadequate snwmelt.
B．A lnger dry seasn.
C．A warmer climate.
D．Dampness f the air.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Califrnia's Frests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gne?
B.Cutting f Big Trees t Be Prhibited in Califrnia Sn
C．Why Are the Big Trees Imprtant t Califrnia Frests?
D．Patrick McIntyre: Grw Mre Big Trees in Califrnia.
B
Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts. The micrrganisms (微生物) frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week. Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem? It's turning t a bunch f high schl kids. But nt just any kids. It is depending n NASA HUNCH high schl classrms, like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt, New Yrk.
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers. Fr the past tw years, Grdn's students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they're clse t a slutin (解决方案). “We dn't give the students any breaks. They have t d it just like NASA engineers，” says Flrence Gld, a prject manager.
“There are n tests，” Grdn says. “There is n graded hmewrk. There almst are n grades, ther than ‘Are yu wrking twards yur gal？’ Basically, it's ‘I've gt t prduce this prduct and then, at the end f the year, present it t NASA.’ Engineers cme and really d an inpersn review, 's nt a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review f yur prduct.”
Grdn says the HUNCH prgram has an impact (影响) n cllege admissins and practical life skills. “These kids are s absrbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dn't teach.” And that annying bacteria? Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem, readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.
5．What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A．They are hard t get rid f.
B．They lead t air pllutin.
C．They appear in different frms.
D．They damage the instruments.
6．What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A．T strengthen teacherstudent relatinships.
B．T sharpen students' cmmunicatin skills.
C．T allw students t experience zer gravity.
D．T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
7．What d the NASA engineers d fr the students in the prgram?
A．Check their prduct.
B．Guide prject designs.
C．Adjust wrk schedules.
D．Grade their hmewrk.
8．What is the best title fr the text?
A．NASA: The Hme f Astrnauts
B．Space: The Final Hmewrk Frntier
C．Nature: An Outdr Classrm
D．HUNCH: A Cllege Admissin Refrm
课时作业(二)
层级一 语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．essential 2.impressed 3.grinned 4.deserved
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：f 句意：她带领游客参观了这个游乐场，建设这个游乐场花了三年多的时间。考查非限制性定语从句。名词cnstructin和先行词the amusement park有所属关系，f which the cnstructin相当于whse cnstructin.
2．答案与解析：which 句意：玛丽对杰克要比对其他人友好得多，当然，这使得其他所有人都情绪不好。考查非限制性定语从句。关系词指代前面整个主句的内容，故用which引导。
3．答案与解析：when 句意：音乐会两部分之间是休息时间，那时候观众可以交流。考查非限制性定语从句。定语从句修饰表示时间的名词短语an interval，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用when。
4．答案与解析：which 句意：正如那位语言学家所说，英语是一种被几种不同的文化共用的语言，每种文化使用它的方式多少有些不同。考查非限制性定语从句。此处是“代词＋f＋which”引导定语从句。
5．答案与解析：where 句意：他注意到这个小游乐园又旧又脏，在那里他的女儿玩得很开心。先行词为the small amusement park，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。
6．答案与解析：as 句意：正如评论中所表明的，这个城市的空气质量在过去两个月里已经得到改善。考查非限制性定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，可置于主句之前、之中或之后。
7．答案与解析：wh 句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦，为了生存，他们急需干净的水、医疗保健和住所。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为peple，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用wh。
8．答案与解析：whse 句意：我要感谢那位作曲家，没有他的帮助我不可能走得这么远。考查非限制性定语从句。关系代词在定语从句中作help的定语，故用whse。
9．答案与解析：whm 句意：调皮的孩子们玩了一整天，都累坏了。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词children指人，故用all f whm引导从句。
10．答案与解析：whse 句意：我的说话风趣的儿子现在在纽约，他的工作让他全世界到处跑。考查非限制性定语从句。关系代词在定语从句中作wrk的定语，故用whse。
Ⅲ.用非限制性定语从句完成下列句子
1．whse leading character 2.As everyne knws 3.because f which 4.sme f which 5.where they had gt n medals
层级二 语言能力训练
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇调查报告。调查表明，加利福尼亚州的大树变少了，而气候变化是其中的一个主要因素。
1．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。第二段中通过列举一系列数字表明，加利福尼亚州的大树减少的严重性，故A项正确。
2．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。文章第三段提到了造成加利福尼亚州的大树减少的三个因素：wdcutters, husing develpment与aggressive wildfire cntrl。前两个因素直接与大树的减少有关，如果能控制住，大树就不会减少；而第三个因素——控制野火的措施使得加利福尼亚州的森林里满是跟大树争夺资源的小树，初衷是为了控制野火，这是好的，实则对大树不利。故D项正确。
3．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“ biggest factrs driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures...”可知，水不足的主要原因就是气温升高(rising temperatures)，即更加温暖的气候，故C项正确。
4．答案与解析：A 标题归纳题。本文是一篇调查报告，第一段就点出主题： “Califrnia has lst half its big trees since the 1930s”。后面具体分析了加利福尼亚州大树的现状、造成大树减少的原因等，A项作为标题最合适。
【高级语块】
wdcutter n. 伐木工，樵夫
dcument vt. 用文件证明
cmparisn n. 比较
dampness n. 潮湿
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，以解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。这类语篇对于启发与培养学生良好的思维品质有积极的引导作用。
5．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The micrrganisms frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week.”可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。
6．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers.”可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。
7．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“Engineers cme and really d an in-persn 's a hard business review f yur prduct.”可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。
8．答案与解析：B 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。
【长难句分析】
Fr the past tw years, Grdn's students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they're clse t a slutin.
句意：在过去的两年里，戈登的学生们一直在研究在失重状态下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为他们即将找到解决方案了。
句法分析：本句是一个并列复合句。and连接两个并列分句。在第一个分句中，t kill bacteria in zer gravity是动词不定式作定语；在第二个分句中，they think是主句，they're clse t a slutin是宾语从句。
1．It is e________ (极其重要的) that yu shuld have yur eyes examined regularly.
2．They were deeply i________ (使留下深刻印象) by the advertisements we had designed.
3．They g________ (露齿而笑) with delight when they saw the clwn.
4．The team tried their best and finally wn the game, s they d________ (应得) the fame.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．She shwed the visitrs arund the amusement park, ________ which the cnstructin had taken mre than three years.
2．Mary was much kinder t Jack than she was t the thers, ________， f curse, made all the thers in a bad md.
3．Between the tw parts f the cncert is an interval, ________ the audience can make interactin.
4．As the linguist says, English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each f ________ uses it smewhat differently.
5．He nticed the small amusement park was ld and dirty ________ his daughter had a gd time.
6．The air quality in the city, ________ is shwn in the remark, has imprved ver the past tw mnths.
7．After the flding, peple were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, health care and shelter t survive.
8．I wish t thank the cmpser, withut ________ help I wuld never have gt this far.
9．The mischievus children, all f ________ had played the whle day lng, were wrn ut.
10．My witty sn, ________ wrk takes him all ver the wrld, is in New Yrk at the mment.
Ⅲ.用非限制性定语从句完成下列句子
1．你看过《皇家律师》这部电视剧吗？它的主角带着一头卷曲的假发。
Have yu seen the televisin drama SILK, ________________________ wears a curly wig.
2．众所周知，新课程与旧课程最根本的区别在于理念。
________________________， the essential differences between new curses and ld curses lie in the cncept.
3．那个男孩受到了责骂，因此他愁眉苦脸。
The by was tld ff, ____________________ he had a lng face.
4．桌子上有许多书，其中有些是那位语言学家的。
There are many bks n the table, ________________________ are the linguist's.
5．足球迷们笑了，因为他们的球队结束了他们在世界杯上没有获得奖牌的局面。
The ftball fans grinned because their team cncluded the situatin ________________________ in the Wrld Cup.
eq \a\vs4\al(层级二) 语言能力训练
阅读理解
A
Califrnia has lst half its big trees since the 1930s, accrding t a study t be published Tuesday and climate change seems t be a majr factr (因素).
The number f trees larger than tw feet acrss has declined by 50 percent n mre than 46，000 square miles f Califrnia frests, the new study finds. N area was spared r unaffected, frm the fggy nrthern cast t the Sierra Nevada Muntains t the San Gabriels abve Ls Angeles. In the Sierra high cuntry, the number f big trees has fallen by mre than 55 percent; in parts f suthern Califrnia the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factrs cntributed t the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an eclgist wh was the lead authr f the study. Wdcutters targeted big trees. Husing develpment pushed int the wds. Aggressive wildfire cntrl has left Califrnia frests crwded with small trees that cmpete with big trees fr resurces (资源).
But in cmparing a study f Califrnia frests dne in the 1920s and 1930s with anther ne between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his clleagues dcumented a widespread death f big trees that was evident even in wildlands prtected frm wdcutting r develpment.
The lss f big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shrtage. The researchers figured ut water stress with a cmputer mdel that calculated hw much water trees were getting in cmparisn with hw much they needed, taking int accunt such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness f sil, and the timing f snwmelt (融雪).
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factrs driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees t lse mre water t the air, and earlier snwmelt, which reduces the water supply available t trees during the dry seasn.
1．What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A．The seriusness f bigtree lss in Califrnia.
B．The increasing variety f Califrnia big trees.
C．The distributin f big trees in Califrnia frests.
D．The influence f farming n big trees in Califrnia.
2．Which f the fllwing is wellintentined but may be bad fr big trees?
A．Eclgical studies f frests.
B．Banning wdcutting.
C．Limiting husing develpment.
D．Fire cntrl measures.
3．What is a majr cause f the water shrtage accrding t McIntyre?
A．Inadequate snwmelt.
B．A lnger dry seasn.
C．A warmer climate.
D．Dampness f the air.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Califrnia's Frests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gne?
B.Cutting f Big Trees t Be Prhibited in Califrnia Sn
C．Why Are the Big Trees Imprtant t Califrnia Frests?
D．Patrick McIntyre: Grw Mre Big Trees in Califrnia.
B
Bacteria are an annying prblem fr astrnauts. The micrrganisms (微生物) frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week. Hw is NASA vercming this very tiny big prblem? It's turning t a bunch f high schl kids. But nt just any kids. It is depending n NASA HUNCH high schl classrms, like the ne science teachers Gene Grdn and Dnna Himmelberg lead at Fairprt High Schl in Fairprt, New Yrk.
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers. Fr the past tw years, Grdn's students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they're clse t a slutin (解决方案). “We dn't give the students any breaks. They have t d it just like NASA engineers，” says Flrence Gld, a prject manager.
“There are n tests，” Grdn says. “There is n graded hmewrk. There almst are n grades, ther than ‘Are yu wrking twards yur gal？’ Basically, it's ‘I've gt t prduce this prduct and then, at the end f the year, present it t NASA.’ Engineers cme and really d an inpersn review, 's nt a very nice thing at times. It's a hard business review f yur prduct.”
Grdn says the HUNCH prgram has an impact (影响) n cllege admissins and practical life skills. “These kids are s absrbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dn't teach.” And that annying bacteria? Grdn says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers abut the prblem, readying a wrkable slutin t test in space.
5．What d we knw abut the bacteria in the Internatinal Space Statin?
A．They are hard t get rid f.
B．They lead t air pllutin.
C．They appear in different frms.
D．They damage the instruments.
6．What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A．T strengthen teacherstudent relatinships.
B．T sharpen students' cmmunicatin skills.
C．T allw students t experience zer gravity.
D．T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
7．What d the NASA engineers d fr the students in the prgram?
A．Check their prduct.
B．Guide prject designs.
C．Adjust wrk schedules.
D．Grade their hmewrk.
8．What is the best title fr the text?
A．NASA: The Hme f Astrnauts
B．Space: The Final Hmewrk Frntier
C．Nature: An Outdr Classrm
D．HUNCH: A Cllege Admissin Refrm
课时作业(二)
层级一 语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．essential 2.impressed 3.grinned 4.deserved
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．答案与解析：f 句意：她带领游客参观了这个游乐场，建设这个游乐场花了三年多的时间。考查非限制性定语从句。名词cnstructin和先行词the amusement park有所属关系，f which the cnstructin相当于whse cnstructin.
2．答案与解析：which 句意：玛丽对杰克要比对其他人友好得多，当然，这使得其他所有人都情绪不好。考查非限制性定语从句。关系词指代前面整个主句的内容，故用which引导。
3．答案与解析：when 句意：音乐会两部分之间是休息时间，那时候观众可以交流。考查非限制性定语从句。定语从句修饰表示时间的名词短语an interval，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用when。
4．答案与解析：which 句意：正如那位语言学家所说，英语是一种被几种不同的文化共用的语言，每种文化使用它的方式多少有些不同。考查非限制性定语从句。此处是“代词＋f＋which”引导定语从句。
5．答案与解析：where 句意：他注意到这个小游乐园又旧又脏，在那里他的女儿玩得很开心。先行词为the small amusement park，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。
6．答案与解析：as 句意：正如评论中所表明的，这个城市的空气质量在过去两个月里已经得到改善。考查非限制性定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，可置于主句之前、之中或之后。
7．答案与解析：wh 句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦，为了生存，他们急需干净的水、医疗保健和住所。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为peple，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，故用wh。
8．答案与解析：whse 句意：我要感谢那位作曲家，没有他的帮助我不可能走得这么远。考查非限制性定语从句。关系代词在定语从句中作help的定语，故用whse。
9．答案与解析：whm 句意：调皮的孩子们玩了一整天，都累坏了。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词children指人，故用all f whm引导从句。
10．答案与解析：whse 句意：我的说话风趣的儿子现在在纽约，他的工作让他全世界到处跑。考查非限制性定语从句。关系代词在定语从句中作wrk的定语，故用whse。
Ⅲ.用非限制性定语从句完成下列句子
1．whse leading character 2.As everyne knws 3.because f which 4.sme f which 5.where they had gt n medals
层级二 语言能力训练
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇调查报告。调查表明，加利福尼亚州的大树变少了，而气候变化是其中的一个主要因素。
1．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。第二段中通过列举一系列数字表明，加利福尼亚州的大树减少的严重性，故A项正确。
2．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。文章第三段提到了造成加利福尼亚州的大树减少的三个因素：wdcutters, husing develpment与aggressive wildfire cntrl。前两个因素直接与大树的减少有关，如果能控制住，大树就不会减少；而第三个因素——控制野火的措施使得加利福尼亚州的森林里满是跟大树争夺资源的小树，初衷是为了控制野火，这是好的，实则对大树不利。故D项正确。
3．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“ biggest factrs driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures...”可知，水不足的主要原因就是气温升高(rising temperatures)，即更加温暖的气候，故C项正确。
4．答案与解析：A 标题归纳题。本文是一篇调查报告，第一段就点出主题： “Califrnia has lst half its big trees since the 1930s”。后面具体分析了加利福尼亚州大树的现状、造成大树减少的原因等，A项作为标题最合适。
【高级语块】
wdcutter n. 伐木工，樵夫
dcument vt. 用文件证明
cmparisn n. 比较
dampness n. 潮湿
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，以解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。这类语篇对于启发与培养学生良好的思维品质有积极的引导作用。
5．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The micrrganisms frm ur bdies grw uncntrllably n surfaces f the Internatinal Space Statin, s astrnauts spend hurs cleaning them up each week.”可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。
6．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers.”可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。
7．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“Engineers cme and really d an in-persn 's a hard business review f yur prduct.”可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。
8．答案与解析：B 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。
【长难句分析】
Fr the past tw years, Grdn's students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity, and they think they're clse t a slutin.
句意：在过去的两年里，戈登的学生们一直在研究在失重状态下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为他们即将找到解决方案了。
句法分析：本句是一个并列复合句。and连接两个并列分句。在第一个分句中，t kill bacteria in zer gravity是动词不定式作定语；在第二个分句中，they think是主句，they're clse t a slutin是宾语从句。
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