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2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市市郊联体高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市市郊联体高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市市郊联体高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Here are four amazing online photography（摄影）classes to improve your photos.
Mastering Light room g Photoshop（By Andrew Kerns）
Every professional photographer uses post proeessing（后期处理）skills to make their images stand out.In fact，editing and post processing your images is a major part of the photography work.Luckily，Andrew Kerns has put together an amaring online class to help you learn the latest professional Adobe Light room and Photoshop skills.
Wildlife Photography Workshop（By Charly Savely）
Professional wildlife photographer，Charly Savely，has recently decided to share her secrets with the world through her online wildlife Photography Workshop recorded in Alaska's Katmai National Park.Learn how she chooses camera settings using art to influence your style，where to find wildlife and how to photograph animals safely in the wild.
A to Z of Selling Your Photos（By Lola Akin made）
Lola Akin made is an excellent travel photographer whose works are regularly published by brands（品牌） like The New York Times and Travel .Leiure.She has also put together an excelent online photography class that goes into detail about how to make your photos be brands，including getting close to brands，how to deal with copyrights，working with editors，getting model shows and much more.
Photo gruphlng the World（By Elia Locardi）
Elia Locardi is a very successful landscape photographer who's been travelling the world for years.His course Photographing the World is full of tips and post processing skills he uses to create his landscape and travel photography.With 15 lessons and more than 12 hours of video content，his photography class takes you from the on-location capture（外景拍摄）all the way through his post-processing skills in the studio.
1. Who should you turn to if you want to learn to photograph wild animals？ ______
A. Andrew Kerns. B. Charly Savely. C. Lola Akinmade. D. Elia Locardi
2. Which course offers tips on making your photography works a brand？ ______
A. Mastering Light room & Photoshop.
B. Wildlife Photography Workshop.
C. A to Z of Selling Your Photos.
D. Photographing the World.
3. What do Andrew Kerns's and Elia Locard's courses have in common？ ______
A. They include post-processing skills.
B. They focus on photographing wild animals.
C. They provide skills of on-location capture.
D. They teach how to work with big brands.
B
I believe that we should take pride in what we do，even if it is misunderstood by the people around us.
I have been a professional skateboarder for 24 years.For much of that time，the sport that paid my rent and gave me my greatest joy had many names，most of which were ugly：a kids' play，a waste of time，a dangerous activity.
When I was about 17，my high schoolteacher event old me in front of the entire class that I would never make a living as a skateboarder.It seemed to him that my future was bleak.
Even during those dark years，I never stopped riding my skateboard.There had been many，many times when I felt discouraged because I couldn't complete a difficult move.But I've come to realize that the only way to master something is to keep at it—despite the bloody knees，despite the unpleasant comments.
Although skateboarding has gained mainstream recognition in recent years，it still has unfavorable stereotypes（刻板印象）.The professional skateboarders I know are responsible members of society.Their hairstyles and clothes are simply part of the culture，even when they appear strange during competitions.
So here I am，38 years old，a wife and a mother of three，with a lengthy list of responsibilities.And although I have many job titles—senior advisor，foundation chairwoman，well-known actress—the one I am most proud of is professional skateboarder.
My youngest son's preschool class were recently asked what their parents do for work.The responses were things like， "My dad sells money." and "My mom figures stuff out." My son said， "I've never seen my mom do work."
It's true.Skateboarding doesn't seem like real work，but I'm proud of what I do.My parents never once questioned the practicality behind my passion（酷爱）.I hope to pass on the same lesson to my children someday.
4. What does the underlined word "bleak" in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Successful. B. Certain. C. Bright. D. Unpromising.
5. What can we learn from paragraph 5 about the professional skateboarders？ ______
A. They are irresponsible members of society.
B. They lovemaking unpleasant comments.
C. They wear strange hairstyles and clothes.
D. They turn deaf ears to other people's ideas.
6. Which job title is the author most proud of？ ______
A. Famous actress. B. Professional skateboarder.
C. Senior advisor. D. Foundation chairwoman.
7. What is the author most likely to tell her children？ ______
A. Follow their passion and keep at it.
B. Don't question the practicality of her job.
C. They are lucky to have a supportive mother.
D. Skateboarding is the best sport in the world.
C
At a Pittsburgh wedding，the cookie table is as important as the first kiss.But finding the true origin of the tradition is as challenging as making the perfect cookie table.Some say it's a custom brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants and everybody from Italians to Polish people claims its heritage.Others say it grew out of a need to save money on cake in the 1930s.
But the cookie table's connection with weddings didn't show up in publications until the 1990s.Certainly，Pittsburghers feasted on wedding cookie tables well before the 1990s，with local bakers saying they recall cookie tables at their families' weddings for as long as they can remember.
"When I was a kid，the big talk was not 'How was the wedding？' Instead，it was 'How were the cookies？'" said 70-year-old Marc Serrao，owner of Oakmont Bakery in Pittsburgh. "Perhaps the concept didn't show up in newspapers and cookbooks because everybody was doing it，so it wasn't seen as newsworthy."
But no matter the origins，this tradition of sharing sweet homemade cookies at weddings is baked into Pittsburgh culture.For many local families，preparing a cookie table has become a unique way to show their love.
There's no exact number of cookies at a wedding.It's usually somewhere between six per guest up to one-and-a-half dozen（十二） per guest.
Then when can the guest seat the cookies？
The answer likely lies in family tradition.Some families open the cookie tables before dinner，while most families wait until after dinner.Generally，it is recommended to wait until after dinner.
"However，what is tradition and what happens are two totally different things，" Marc Serrao says. "I dare someone to tell Grandma that she is not allowed to pick a cookie off the cookie table before dinner.I also dare someone to tell Aunt Betsy that she is not allowed to put four cookies in her bag for the next morning with her coffee."
8. What can we know about the cookie table from the first four paragraphs？ ______
A. It was brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants.
B. It first appeared at weddings during the 1990s.
C. It grew out of a need to save money in the 1930s.
D. It has been an important part of a wedding in Pittsburgh.
9. How many cookies are usually prepared for each guest？ ______
A. 3～6. B. 5～12. C. 6～18. D. 19～24.
10. When can guests usually eat the cookies？ ______
A. Old people always eat before dinner.
B. It is better to wait until after dinner.
C. It is necessary to ask Grandma first.
D. They are usually eaten the next morning.
11. What does Marc Serrao mean in the last paragraph？ ______
A. There are exceptions to rules.
B. We have to follow customs strictly.
C. It is OK for old people to break rules.
D. It is not important to follow traditions.
D
Most people don't lie very much.It makes sense.By being honest with people，you not only buildup goodwill，but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn't have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth.You just think of what you want to say，and you say it.
However，lying takes much more work.Imagine you're late to class and the teacher asks why.If you decide to lie，you have to make up a story on the spot，think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart.You might not be aware of it，but you just give your brain a lot of extra work. "A lot of that brain work is done in a region called the prefrontal cortex.It's the part in charge of working memory，" explains Jennifer Vendemia，a scientist from the University of South Carolina.
Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while，such as remembering instructions for how to play a game or some other specific task.It stores things for only a short while as you're using them，and it doesn't put them in long-term storage.Besides working memory，the prefrontal cortex also takes care of tasks such as planning，problem-solving and self-control.Scientists describe these as executive function tasks.Executive function lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you're telling will likely holdup to questioning. "Spending so much brainpower trying to keep a story straight means there's less available for other things，" says Vendemia. "Lying is especially harmful for young people as the prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until around age 25.When the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying，younger people have a harder time doing other tasks."
Lying has social costs，too.People generally value honesty and don't like liars.So if people view you as untrustworthy，it can be bad for your relationships.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about？ ______
A. The costs of lying to people.
B. The true meaning of honesty.
C. The benefits of being truthful.
D. The difficulty of being a good liar.
13. Why is a lying student mentioned in the second paragraph？ ______
A. To prove a theory. B. To introduce a topic.
C. To provide the background. D. To give an example.
14. Which of the following is the function of working memory？ ______
A. Remembering a life-long lesson.
B. Storing information for a short time.
C. Pushing oneself to face difficulties.
D. Processing information in the brain.
15. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying？
B. Which Part of Brain Is in Charge of Lying？
C. When Is It Especially Bad for People to Lie？
D. How Can We Keep Lies From Falling Apart？
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
ChatGPT，OpenAI's latest language model，has been on the minds of many of us recently.It becomes the fastest growing app of all time，even surpassing TikTok.（1） ______ ，let's start from some basic things about it below.
How to access ChatGPT
You can access ChatGPT by going to chat.OpenAI.com and log in（登录）.If you're on OpenAI's website，you can log in to your account，then scroll down until you see ChatGPT on the bottom left corner of the page，and click on it to start chatting.
Practical use of ChatGPT
What's life without a bit of fun？Whether you're looking for a good laugh or creating some humorous jokes to impress your friends，ChatGPT can come in handy to create original jokes.Besides，ChatGPT is particularly strong in handling maths problems step by step.（2） ______ .Although ChatGPT，just like any AI system，can't exactly understand emotions，it can still provide useful tips for managing relationships with friends，family and loved ones.In addition to the above features，ChatGPT can do a large number of things like writing a song，a poem，explaining tough topics and so on.
（ 3） ______
ChatGPT uses reinforcement（强化） learning with human feedback to cleverly process its environment using human expressions and adapt to different situations with learned desired behaviors.（4） ______ ，and continues learning through the human knowledge users provide，making it able to give educated responses on a large variety of topics.
The limitation of ChatGPT
ChatGPT，like all language models，is not without limitations.（5） ______ .Because ChatGPT is always learning from the text data it is provided，it can give inaccurate and incorrect information.
A.The way ChatGPT works
B.The idea of inventing ChatGPT
C.To know the advantages of ChatGPT
D.To get familiar with ChatGPT further
E.It has been trained on a lot of data before this
F.ChatGPT can also be your personal relationship expert
G.It's important to double check the information it gives you
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
All every child wants is to feel like they fit in.But it can be hard when they find little representation in the world around them，including their（1） ______ .
Amy Jandrisevits，a social worker in a welfare home for children，（2） ______ well how therapeutic（有疗效的） it is for kids with disabilities to see their（3） ______ reflected in the things they play with，namely，dolls（洋娃娃）.That's what（4） ______ her to create "A Doll Like Me ".
" In my time working with the kids，I used dolls to help the children（5） ______ themselves，"Amy said." Dolls are an effective（6） ______ to share kindness and show acceptance，especially when the doll looks like you."
So she began making her own non-traditional Raggedy Ann dolls for children with disabilities.Each is（7） ______ and looks just like the child it's made for，matching their（8） ______ physical characteristics and medical conditions.
Each costs about ＄100 to make and ship.If families can't afford to pay，Amy covers the （9） ______ with funds raised through her GoFundMe campaign.She's also（10） ______ with a children's hospital to provide other kids with dolls for comfort as they（11） ______ their medical care.
Amy says her final（12） ______ is to be able to give out all the dolls for free." If we' re going to look at mental health as a（13） ______ part of medical care，this is key."
So far，she's made over 300 dolls，and her admirable efforts（14） ______ aren't going unnoticed.In fact，she was（15） ______ with GoFundMe's Hero in 2022!
21. A. toys B. clothes C. shoes D. books
22. A. respects B. protests C. understands D. imagines
23. A. solutions B. differences C. examples D. movements
24. A. forced B. expected C. warned D. inspired
25. A. express B. hide C. greet D. excuse
26. A. belief B. way C. reason D. place
27. A. handmade B. widespread C. anxious D. absent
28. A. formal B. previous C. unique D. extra
29. A. stress B. story C. topic D. cost
30. A. competed B. partnered C. compared D. lived
31. A. give up B. put off C. talk about D. go through
32. A. right B. score C. goal D. match
33. A. global B. necessary C. familiar D. risky
34. A. rarely B. gently C. illegally D. surely
35. A. honored B. treated C. fired D. limited
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Rescue efforts are ongoing after a massive earthquake and （1） ______ （ power） aftershocks strike southeastern Turkey and northern Syria.The quake is one of the （2） ______ （ deadly） worldwide in over ten years.
Thousands of people have been killed，and the numbers seem certain （3） ______ （ rise） as rescue teams are hunting for survivors.In hard-hit Turkey，over 6，000 buildings have been destroyed.Rescuers have been working overnight in cold，wet weather while also （4） ______ （ face） the threat of aftershocks since the 7.8 magnitude earthquake rocked （5） ______ region early Monday.
Amid the horror of the natural disaster have been reports of miraculous （奇迹般的） rescues.
Among the survivors，an entire family was rescued （6） ______ the province of Idlib，western Syria on Tuesday.Footage of the rescue showed two girls and a boy pulled from a （7） ______ （ damage） building by the group's volunteer to loud cheers from the large crowd gathered.The （8） ______ （ child） were rushed to a hospital.Two adults also appeared to be carried out from the building.
A more bittersweet rescue （9） ______ （ occur） in Jindires，Syria，on Tuesday.A baby girl （10） ______ had been born amid the earthquake rubble （废墟） was rescued，though none of her family survived.The baby was transported to a hospital，where she was in an incubator （恒温箱） in good condition.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华。你所在的武术（martial arts）社团正在招募新成员。请给你的留学生朋友Kevin 写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：
（1）介绍社团活动；
（2）报名方式及截止日期。
注意：写作词数应为 80左右；
Dear Kevin，
___________
Yours， Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My struggles started in seventh grade when I began passing out.I had many medical check-ups and finally found one that helped.My average blood pressure was about 80/60 on a good day.To this day，I continue to battle this problem.
Then，two years ago，I was diagnosed（诊断） with fibromyalgia，a muscle disease that is not really helped by medication.It's like having a pulled muscle when the disease attacks.It can last as long as three months.I was bedridden for a month.Cold weather，rain，or physical or emotional stress can cause the pain.
It's hard enough to be a health y teenager and go through the typical changes with friends，family，school，etc.Add to that missing two to three months of school a year，and it can make things very difficult.The hardest part was on the outside I looked normal like everyone else；however，on the inside，I was in horrible pain.Some classmates had passed their comments on me thinking that since my physical appearance was fine，I must be OK.The judgment hurt me more than anyone will ever know.
I battled with depression（抑郁） as well，because I felt like an outsider.I longed to be normal and healthy.I even developed an eating disorder.In the beginning，I had lost a lot of weight.For the first time，I felt like I was attractive because I was skinny.I was receiving more attention than ever.I would still feel depressed，though，because of all that was going on in my life.I would eat a lot hoping the stress would go away.But then I would throw up the food so I would still look good.Luckily，I overcame these problems with the help of my family and a wonderful job.
注意：续写词数应为 150左右；
My mother stuck by me and encouraged me in all my time of need.___________
I found a purpose knowing I had something to give to these elderly people.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据 Wildlife Photography Workshop（By Charly Savely）部分Professional wildlife photographer，Charly Savely，has recently decided to share her secrets with the world through her online wildlife Photography Workshop recorded in Alaska's Katmai National Park.Learn how she chooses camera settings using art to influence your style，where to find wildlife and how to photograph animals safely in the wild.（专业野生动物摄影师Charly Savely最近决定通过她在阿拉斯加卡特迈国家公园录制的在线野生动物摄影工作室与世界分享她的秘密。了解她如何选择使用艺术来影响你的风格的相机设置，在哪里可以找到野生动物，以及如何在野外安全拍摄动物。）可知，你应该向Charly Savely学习拍摄野生动物。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据A to Z of Selling Your Photos（By Lola Akinmade）部分She has also put together an excellent online photography class that goes into detail about how to make your photos be brands（她还开设了一个优秀的在线摄影课程，详细介绍如何让你的照片成为品牌）可知，A to Z of Selling Your Photos课程提供了如何将你的摄影作品变成为一个品牌的建议。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Mastering Lightroom&Photoshop（By Andrew Kerns）部分Every professional photographer uses post-processing（后期处理）skills to make their images stand out.（每一位专业摄影师都会运用后期处理技巧，让自己的照片脱颖而出。）和Photographing the World（By Elia Locardi）部分his photography class...all the way through his post-processing skills in the studio.（他的摄影课...一直到他在工作室的后期处理技巧。）可知，Andrew Kerns和Elia Locardi的课程的共同之处是都包括后期处理技能。故选A。
本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了四个令人惊叹的可以改善照片的在线摄影课程。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）词句猜测题。根据划线词前When I was about 17，my high schoolteacher event old me in front of the entire class that I would never make a living as a skateboarder.（当我17岁的时候，我的高中老师在全班同学面前告诉我，我永远不能用滑板谋生）可推断，在老师眼里，作者不务正业，是没有前途的，所以bleak应是与Unpromising意为"不乐观的"同义。A．Successful.成功的；B．Certain.一定的；C．Bright.明亮的；D．Unpromising.不乐观的。故选D项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段Their hairstyles and clothes are simply part of the culture，even when they appear strange during competitions.（他们的发型和服装只是文化的一部分，即使他们在比赛中看起来很奇怪）可知，这些人的发型及穿着有些异类。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第六段And although I have many job titles—senior advisor，foundation chairwoman，well-known actress-the one I am most proud of is professional skateboarder.（虽然我有很多头衔——高级顾问、基金会主席、知名女演员——但我最引以为傲的是职业滑板运动员）可知作者最引以为傲的职位是专业的滑板者。故选B项。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段My parents never once questioned the practicality behind my passion（酷爱）.I hope to pass on the same lesson to my children someday.（我的父母从来没有质疑过我的热情背后的实用性。我希望有一天能把同样的教训传递给我的孩子们）可推断，作者很可能会鼓励她的孩子坚持做自己喜欢的事。故选A项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位女性职业滑板运动员的成长历程。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。结合第一段Some say it's a custom brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants and everybody from Italians to Polish people claims its heritage.（有人说这是移民带到匹兹堡的一种习俗，从意大利人到波兰人，每个人都声称这是匹兹堡的传统。）可知它不一定是移民带到匹兹堡的，排除选项A。且它不一定是在20世纪30年代由于省钱的需要而发展起来的，排除选项C。根据第二段But the cookie table's connection with weddings didn't show up in publications until the 1990s.Certainly，Pittsburghers feasted on wedding cookie tables well before the 1990s（但直到20世纪90年代，饼干桌与婚礼的联系才出现在出版物上。当然，早在20世纪90年代之前，匹兹堡人就在婚礼饼干桌上大快朵颐。）可知它首次出现在20世纪90年代的婚礼上是错误的，故排除选项B。第三段中Marc Serrao老人的话"When I was a kid，the big talk was not 'How was the wedding？Instead，it was 'How were the cookies？（当我还是个孩子的时候，人们谈论的不是"婚礼怎么样？"取而代之的是"饼干怎么样？"）及第四段this tradition of sharing sweet homemade cookies at weddings is baked into Pittsburgh culture（这种在婚礼上分享自制甜饼干的传统已经融入了匹兹堡的文化。）可知这是匹兹堡婚礼重要的组成部分。故选D项。
（2）数字计算题。结合第五段There's no exact number of cookies at a wedding.It's usually somewhere between six per guest up to one-and-a-half dozen（十二） per guest.（婚礼上没有确切的饼干数量。通常每位客人六块到每位客人1.5打之间）可知，1.5*12=18，即通常为每位客人准备6至18块饼干。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。结合第七段The answer likely lies in family tradition.Some families open the cookie tables before dinner，while most families wait until after dinner.Generally，it is recommended to wait until after dinner.（一答案可能在于家庭传统。有些家庭在晚饭前打开饼干桌，而大多数家庭要等到晚饭后。通常，建议等到晚饭后再吃。）可知通常客人最好等到晚饭后再吃饼干。故选B项。
（4）推理判断题。结合最后一段"However，what is tradition and what happens are two totally different things，" Marc Serra o says. "I dare someone to tell Grandma that she is not allowed to pick a cookie off the cookie table before dinner.I also dare someone to tell Aunt Betsy that she is not allowed to put four cookies in her bag for the next morning with her coffee."（"然而，什么是传统和发生什么是完全不同的事情，"Marc Serra o说。"我敢有人告诉奶奶，晚饭前不允许她从饼干桌上摘饼干。我也敢有人对贝茜阿姨说，第二天早上她不允许在包里放四块饼干和咖啡。"）可知，Marc Serrao认为这些规矩不是呆板的，规则也有例外。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了美国匹兹堡的结婚糕点习俗的重要性和起源。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）段落大意题。结合文章第一段By being honest with people，you not only buildup goodwill，but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn't have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth（通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力，因为当你说实话时，你的大脑不必做任何不同寻常的事情。）可知，这一段主要是写诚实的好处，选项C．The benefits of being truthful.（诚实的好处）符合本段大意。故答案为C。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段However，lying takes much more work.（然而，撒谎需要付出更多的努力）是本段的主题句，并结合句子Imagine you're late to class and the teacher asks why.If you decide to lie，you have to make up a story on the spot，think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart.（想象一下，你上课迟到了，老师问你为什么。如果你决定撒谎，你必须当场编一个故事，思考谈话的各个方向，并找出你需要说什么来防止整个谎言分崩离析。）这些都是举例说明。可推知，作者是用学生撒谎这个例子来支持其论点：撒谎是需要付出更多的努力。故答案为D。
（3）细节理解题。结合文章第四段Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while（工作记忆会让一些事情在脑海中停留一段时间），以及It stores things for only a short while as you're using them，and it doesn't put them in long-term storage.（当你使用它们时，它只会在短时间内存储它们，而不会将它们进行长期存储。）可知，working memory的作用是短时间存储信息。故答案为B。
（4）标题判断题。根据文章第一段Most people don't lie very much.It makes sense.By being honest with people，you not only buildup goodwill，but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn't have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth.You just think of what you want to say，and you say it.（大部分人都不怎么撒谎，这是有道理的。通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省很多脑力，因为当你说实话时，你的大脑不必做任何不同寻常的事情。你只需要想想你想说什么，然后就说了。）主要是说诚实的好处，二、三和四段是从不同角度来说明撒谎的危害。故选项A.What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying？（说谎有哪些有害影响？）作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故答案为A。
本文是一篇说明文。本文详细阐述了撒谎的众多危害。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】D、F、A、E、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文ChatGPT，OpenAI's latest language model，has been on the minds of many of us recently.It becomes the fastest growing app of all time，even surpassing TikTok.（ChatGPT，OpenAI最新的语言模型，最近一直在我们很多人的脑海里。它成为有史以来增长最快的应用程序，甚至超过了TikTok）以及后文let's start from some basic things about it below.（让我们从下面的一些基本内容开始）可知，本段主要讲述了本文的主题，也就是介绍ChatGPT，所以D项"To get familiar with ChatGPT further（为了进一步熟悉ChatGPT）"符合本段主题，且起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。
（2）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Practical use of ChatGPT（ChatGPT的实际使用）可知，本段主要介绍了ChatGPT在生活中的实际用途，根据后文Although ChatGPT，just like any AI system，can't exactly understand emotions，it can still provide useful tips for managing relationships with friends，family n Windows loved ones.（虽然ChatGPT就像任何人工智能系统一样，不能完全理解情绪，但它仍然可以为管理与朋友、家人和Windows亲人的关系提供有用的建议）"可知，此处是在讲述ChatGPT在人际关系上的运用，所以F项"ChatGPT can also be your personal relationship expert（ChatGPT也可以成为你的个人关系专家）"符合文意。故选F项。
（3）标题归纳题。分析设空可知，空处为本段小标题，根据下文ChatGPT uses reinforcement learning with human feedback to cleverly process its environment using human expressions and adapt to different situations with learned desired behaviors.（ChatGPT利用人类反馈的强化学习，利用人类的表情巧妙地处理环境，并通过学习到的期望行为来适应不同的情况）可知，本段主要介绍ChatGPT是如何工作的，所以A项"The way ChatGPT works（ChatGPT的工作方式）"符合文意。故选A项。
（4）推理判断题。根据后文and continues learning through the human knowledge users provide，making it able to give educated responses on a large variety of topics.（并通过用户提供的人类知识继续学习，使其能够对各种主题给出有根据的响应）可知，空处应和本句并列，讲述的是ChatGPT如何对各种主题给出有根据的响应，所以E项"It has been trained on a lot of data before this（在此之前，它已经接受了大量数据的训练）"符合本段主题。故选E项。
（5）推理判断题。根据后文Because ChatGPT is always learning from the text data it is provided，it can give inaccurate and incorrect information.（因为ChatGPT总是从被提供的文本数据中学习，所以它可能会给出不准确和不正确的信息）可知，此处给出了一个原因，就是ChatGPT可能不准确，所以空处应是和本句形成因果关系，所以G项"It's important to double check the information it gives you（仔细检查它提供给你的信息是很重要的）"符合文意。故选G项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何使用ChatGPT，以及它的实际运用，工作原理和限制。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、C、B、D、A、B、D、C、D、B、D、C、B、D、A
【解析】 （1）考查名词及语境理解。A.toys玩具；B.clothes衣服；C.shoes鞋；D.books书。句意：但是，当他们在周围的世界，包括他们的玩具中找不到任何代表时，这就很难了。根据第二段中提到的dolls，可知是玩具，故选A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.respects尊重；B.protests抗议；C.understands理解；D.imagines想象。句意：Amy Jandrisevits是一家儿童福利院的社会工作者，她很理解残疾儿童看到他们的不同反映在他们玩的东西上是多么有治疗作用，也就是洋娃娃。根据上文"Amy Jandrisevits，a social worker in a welfare home for children"，可知她理解孩子们的心理，故选C。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.solutions解决方案；B.differences差异；C.examples示例；D.movements动作。句意：Amy Jandrisevits是一家儿童福利院的社会工作者，她很好地说明了残疾儿童看到他们的不同反映在他们玩的东西上是多么有治疗作用，也就是洋娃娃。根据本句的含义，可知此处指的是他们的残疾，也就是与正常孩子的不同，故选B。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.forced强迫；B.expected期望，预料；C.warned警告；D.inspired激励，赋予灵感。句意：这就是她创作《像我一样的娃娃》的灵感来源。根据本句的含义，可知此处是指"赋予灵感"，故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.express表达；B.hide隐藏；C.greet问候；D.excuse找借口。句意："在我和孩子们一起工作的时候，我用娃娃来帮助孩子们表达自己，"艾米说。根据本句的含义，可知此处意思是孩子"表达"自己，故选A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.belief信仰；B.way方法，方式；C.reason原因；D.place地点。句意：玩偶是表达善意和接纳的有效方式，尤其是当玩偶长得像你的时候。根据本句的含义，可知此处是表达善意和接纳的有效"方式"，故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.handmade手工制作的；B.widespread广泛分布的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.absent缺席的，缺少的。句意：每个都缺少点东西，看起来就像为他们量身定做的孩子，符合他们独特的身体特征和医疗条件。根据下文"physical characteristics and medical conditions"，可知它们都是有缺陷的，都缺少点东西，故选D。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的；B.previous以前的；C.unique独特的；D.extra额外的。句意：每个都缺少点东西，看起来就像为他们量身定做的孩子，符合他们独特的身体特征和医疗条件。根据上文"Each is（7）______and looks just like the child it's made for"，可知孩子们都是独特的，故选C。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.stress压力；B.story故事；C.topic主题；D.cost费用。句意：如果家庭负担不起，艾米会通过她的GoFundMe活动筹集资金来支付费用。根据上文"Each costs about ＄100 to make and ship.If families can't afford to pay"，可知艾米会通过她的GoFundMe活动筹集资金来支付费用，故选D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.competed竞争；B.partnered合作；C.compared比较；D.lived居住，生活。句意：她还与一家儿童医院合作，为其他孩子提供玩偶，让他们在接受医疗护理时感到舒适。根据本句的含义，可知她和医院都是为了治疗，所以是合作，故选B。
（11）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.give up放弃；B.put off推迟；C.talk about谈论；D.go through经历。句意：她还与一家儿童医院合作，为其他孩子提供玩偶，让他们在接受医疗护理时感到舒适。根据本句的含义，可知此处是表示"经历治疗"，故选D。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.right权利；B.score得分；C.goal目标；D.match匹配。句意：艾米说她的最终目标是能够免费送出所有的娃娃。"如果我们要把心理健康视为医疗保健的必要组成部分，这是关键。"根据下文"is to be able to give out all the dolls for free"，可知此处为目的，故选C。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.global全球的；B.necessary必要的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.risky冒险的。句意：艾米说她的最终成绩是能够免费送出所有的娃娃。"如果我们要把心理健康视为医疗保健的必要组成部分，这是关键。"根据本句的含义，可知"把心理健康视为医疗保健的必要组成部分"，故选B。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.rarely很少地；B.gently温和地；C.illegally非法地；D.surely当然，一定地。句意：到目前为止，她已经制作了300多个娃娃，她令人钦佩的努力肯定不会被忽视。根据本句的含义，可知她的付出一定不会被忽视，故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.honored给与…的光荣；B.treated治疗，对待；C.fired解雇；D.limited限制。句意：事实上，她在2022年获得了GoFundMe的英雄称号!根据下文"with GoFundMe's Hero in 2022"，可知是获得荣誉，故选A。
这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了的Amy Jandrisevits是一家儿童福利院的社会工作者，她很理解残疾儿童看到他们的不同反映在他们的洋娃娃上是多么有治疗作用，所以她创作了《像我一样的娃娃》。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】powerful
【小题2】most deadly
【小题3】to rise
【小题4】facing
【小题5】the
【小题6】in
【小题7】damaged
【小题8】children
【小题9】occurred
【小题10】who/that
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：土耳其东南部和叙利亚北部发生强烈地震和余震，救援工作仍在继续。分析句子可知，此处在句中修饰名词aftershocks，作定语，应用形容词；power的形容词形式为powerful。故填powerful。
（2）考查形容词最高级。句意：这次地震是十多年来全球最严重的地震之一。分析句子可知，此处在句中作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示"全球最严重的地震之一"，应用形容词的最高级，deadly的最高级为most deadly。故填most deadly。
（3）考查不定式。句意：成千上万的人在地震中丧生，随着救援队寻找幸存者，死亡人数似乎还会上升。seem to do为固定搭配，表示"似乎……"，此处应用to do不定式，在句中作表语。故填to rise。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：自周一早上7.8级地震袭击该地区以来，救援人员一直在寒冷潮湿的天气下彻夜工作，同时还面临着余震的威胁。分析句子可知，此处位于连词while后，并且是时间状语从句的省略，逻辑主语Rescuers与动词face之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填facing。
（5）考查冠词。句意：自周一早上7.8级地震袭击该地区以来，救援人员一直在寒冷潮湿的天气下彻夜工作，同时还面临着余震的威胁。分析句子可知，此处位于谓语动词rocked后，名词region前，结合句意可知，此处特指"该地区"，应用定冠词the。故填the。
（6）考查介词。句意：周二，在叙利亚西部的伊德利卜省，幸存者中有一家人获救。分析句子可知，此处与后面的the province of Idlib在句中作地点状语，结合句意可知，此处指在伊德利卜省被救，province为大地名，应用介词in。故填in。
（7）考查形容词。句意：救援录像显示，该组织的志愿者将两名女孩和一名男孩从一栋受损的建筑中救出，聚集的人群大声欢呼。分析句子可知，此处在句中修饰名词building，作定语，应用形容词；damage的形容词形式为damaged。故填damaged。
（8）考查可数名词的复数。句意：孩子们被紧急送往医院。分析句子可知，此处在句中作主语，应用名词；结合be动词were可知，主语应为复数，child的复数形式为children。故填children。
（9）考查动词时态。句意：星期二，在叙利亚金代勒斯发生了一场苦乐参半的救援行动。分析句子可知，此处在句中作谓语，结合时间状语on Tuesday可知，此处为过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填occurred。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：一名出生在地震废墟中的女婴获救，尽管她的家人无一生还。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰名词girl，在从句中作主语，先行词表示人，应用who或that引导。故填who或that。
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了土耳其的地震及搜救情况。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Kevin，
Learning that you are addicted to martial arts，I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the martial arts club in our school aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
Definitely，as for the activities，we will be honored to be given high-level training by a professional coach every Friday.Meanwhile，we would be divided into several groups to conduct competitions every two weeks.（介绍社团活动）
If you are interested in what I have stated above，sign up our school website before September 1st.【高分句型二】I'm looking forward to your reply.（报名方式及截止日期）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Learning that you are addicted to martial arts，I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the martial arts club in our school aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills.
译文：得知你沉迷于武术，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们学校的武术俱乐部，旨在培养我们的兴趣，提高我们的技能。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Learning that you are addicted to martial arts作状语，that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：If you are interested in what I have stated above，sign up our school website before September 1st.
译文：如果你对我上面所说的感兴趣，请在9月1日之前注册我们的学校网站。
分析：这句话使用了if引导的条件状语从句，what引导的宾语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】My mother stuck by me and encouraged me in all my time of need.She never wavered in her support，always there to listen and provide comfort.Her unwavering love and belief in me gave me the strength to keep fighting，even on the darkest days.With her by my side，I felt a glimmer of hope and a renewed determination to overcome the challenges that life threw my way. 【高分句型一】Her presence was a constant reminder that I was not alone in my struggles and that I had someone who believed in me wholeheartedly.【高分句型二】（作者的妈妈给予作者很大的帮助）
I found a purpose knowing I had something to give to these elderly people.Despite my own health battles，I decided to volunteer at a local nursing home.Interacting with the elderly residents，listening to their stories，and offering a lending hand brought me immense joy and fulfillment.It gave me a sense of purpose beyond my own pain，knowing that I could bring a smile to someone's face or provide comfort to those in need.In those moments，I discovered the power of compassion and the positive impact it can have on both the giver and the receiver.（作者在养老院做志愿者，帮助他人的同时也帮助了自己）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在成长过程中身体总是出现问题，她不断和这些问题做斗争。
高分句型一：With her by my side，I felt a glimmer of hope and a renewed determination to overcome the challenges that life threw my way.
译文：有了她在我身边，我感到了一线希望和克服生活给我带来的挑战的新决心。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构，that引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Her presence was a constant reminder that I was not alone in my struggles and that I had someone who believed in me wholeheartedly.
译文：她的出现不断提醒我，在我的挣扎中，我并不孤单，我有一个全心全意相信我的人。
分析：这句话使用了and连接两个that引导的同位语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市市郊联体高一（下）期末英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Here are four amazing online photography（摄影）classes to improve your photos.
Mastering Light room g Photoshop（By Andrew Kerns）
Every professional photographer uses post proeessing（后期处理）skills to make their images stand out.In fact，editing and post processing your images is a major part of the photography work.Luckily，Andrew Kerns has put together an amaring online class to help you learn the latest professional Adobe Light room and Photoshop skills.
Wildlife Photography Workshop（By Charly Savely）
Professional wildlife photographer，Charly Savely，has recently decided to share her secrets with the world through her online wildlife Photography Workshop recorded in Alaska's Katmai National Park.Learn how she chooses camera settings using art to influence your style，where to find wildlife and how to photograph animals safely in the wild.
A to Z of Selling Your Photos（By Lola Akin made）
Lola Akin made is an excellent travel photographer whose works are regularly published by brands（品牌） like The New York Times and Travel .Leiure.She has also put together an excelent online photography class that goes into detail about how to make your photos be brands，including getting close to brands，how to deal with copyrights，working with editors，getting model shows and much more.
Photo gruphlng the World（By Elia Locardi）
Elia Locardi is a very successful landscape photographer who's been travelling the world for years.His course Photographing the World is full of tips and post processing skills he uses to create his landscape and travel photography.With 15 lessons and more than 12 hours of video content，his photography class takes you from the on-location capture（外景拍摄）all the way through his post-processing skills in the studio.
1. Who should you turn to if you want to learn to photograph wild animals？ ______
A. Andrew Kerns. B. Charly Savely. C. Lola Akinmade. D. Elia Locardi
2. Which course offers tips on making your photography works a brand？ ______
A. Mastering Light room & Photoshop.
B. Wildlife Photography Workshop.
C. A to Z of Selling Your Photos.
D. Photographing the World.
3. What do Andrew Kerns's and Elia Locard's courses have in common？ ______
A. They include post-processing skills.
B. They focus on photographing wild animals.
C. They provide skills of on-location capture.
D. They teach how to work with big brands.
B
I believe that we should take pride in what we do，even if it is misunderstood by the people around us.
I have been a professional skateboarder for 24 years.For much of that time，the sport that paid my rent and gave me my greatest joy had many names，most of which were ugly：a kids' play，a waste of time，a dangerous activity.
When I was about 17，my high schoolteacher event old me in front of the entire class that I would never make a living as a skateboarder.It seemed to him that my future was bleak.
Even during those dark years，I never stopped riding my skateboard.There had been many，many times when I felt discouraged because I couldn't complete a difficult move.But I've come to realize that the only way to master something is to keep at it—despite the bloody knees，despite the unpleasant comments.
Although skateboarding has gained mainstream recognition in recent years，it still has unfavorable stereotypes（刻板印象）.The professional skateboarders I know are responsible members of society.Their hairstyles and clothes are simply part of the culture，even when they appear strange during competitions.
So here I am，38 years old，a wife and a mother of three，with a lengthy list of responsibilities.And although I have many job titles—senior advisor，foundation chairwoman，well-known actress—the one I am most proud of is professional skateboarder.
My youngest son's preschool class were recently asked what their parents do for work.The responses were things like， "My dad sells money." and "My mom figures stuff out." My son said， "I've never seen my mom do work."
It's true.Skateboarding doesn't seem like real work，but I'm proud of what I do.My parents never once questioned the practicality behind my passion（酷爱）.I hope to pass on the same lesson to my children someday.
4. What does the underlined word "bleak" in paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Successful. B. Certain. C. Bright. D. Unpromising.
5. What can we learn from paragraph 5 about the professional skateboarders？ ______
A. They are irresponsible members of society.
B. They lovemaking unpleasant comments.
C. They wear strange hairstyles and clothes.
D. They turn deaf ears to other people's ideas.
6. Which job title is the author most proud of？ ______
A. Famous actress. B. Professional skateboarder.
C. Senior advisor. D. Foundation chairwoman.
7. What is the author most likely to tell her children？ ______
A. Follow their passion and keep at it.
B. Don't question the practicality of her job.
C. They are lucky to have a supportive mother.
D. Skateboarding is the best sport in the world.
C
At a Pittsburgh wedding，the cookie table is as important as the first kiss.But finding the true origin of the tradition is as challenging as making the perfect cookie table.Some say it's a custom brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants and everybody from Italians to Polish people claims its heritage.Others say it grew out of a need to save money on cake in the 1930s.
But the cookie table's connection with weddings didn't show up in publications until the 1990s.Certainly，Pittsburghers feasted on wedding cookie tables well before the 1990s，with local bakers saying they recall cookie tables at their families' weddings for as long as they can remember.
"When I was a kid，the big talk was not 'How was the wedding？' Instead，it was 'How were the cookies？'" said 70-year-old Marc Serrao，owner of Oakmont Bakery in Pittsburgh. "Perhaps the concept didn't show up in newspapers and cookbooks because everybody was doing it，so it wasn't seen as newsworthy."
But no matter the origins，this tradition of sharing sweet homemade cookies at weddings is baked into Pittsburgh culture.For many local families，preparing a cookie table has become a unique way to show their love.
There's no exact number of cookies at a wedding.It's usually somewhere between six per guest up to one-and-a-half dozen（十二） per guest.
Then when can the guest seat the cookies？
The answer likely lies in family tradition.Some families open the cookie tables before dinner，while most families wait until after dinner.Generally，it is recommended to wait until after dinner.
"However，what is tradition and what happens are two totally different things，" Marc Serrao says. "I dare someone to tell Grandma that she is not allowed to pick a cookie off the cookie table before dinner.I also dare someone to tell Aunt Betsy that she is not allowed to put four cookies in her bag for the next morning with her coffee."
8. What can we know about the cookie table from the first four paragraphs？ ______
A. It was brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants.
B. It first appeared at weddings during the 1990s.
C. It grew out of a need to save money in the 1930s.
D. It has been an important part of a wedding in Pittsburgh.
9. How many cookies are usually prepared for each guest？ ______
A. 3～6. B. 5～12. C. 6～18. D. 19～24.
10. When can guests usually eat the cookies？ ______
A. Old people always eat before dinner.
B. It is better to wait until after dinner.
C. It is necessary to ask Grandma first.
D. They are usually eaten the next morning.
11. What does Marc Serrao mean in the last paragraph？ ______
A. There are exceptions to rules.
B. We have to follow customs strictly.
C. It is OK for old people to break rules.
D. It is not important to follow traditions.
D
Most people don't lie very much.It makes sense.By being honest with people，you not only buildup goodwill，but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn't have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth.You just think of what you want to say，and you say it.
However，lying takes much more work.Imagine you're late to class and the teacher asks why.If you decide to lie，you have to make up a story on the spot，think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart.You might not be aware of it，but you just give your brain a lot of extra work. "A lot of that brain work is done in a region called the prefrontal cortex.It's the part in charge of working memory，" explains Jennifer Vendemia，a scientist from the University of South Carolina.
Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while，such as remembering instructions for how to play a game or some other specific task.It stores things for only a short while as you're using them，and it doesn't put them in long-term storage.Besides working memory，the prefrontal cortex also takes care of tasks such as planning，problem-solving and self-control.Scientists describe these as executive function tasks.Executive function lets you think a step or two ahead to make sure the lie you're telling will likely holdup to questioning. "Spending so much brainpower trying to keep a story straight means there's less available for other things，" says Vendemia. "Lying is especially harmful for young people as the prefrontal cortex is not fully developed until around age 25.When the prefrontal cortex is busy with tasks related to lying，younger people have a harder time doing other tasks."
Lying has social costs，too.People generally value honesty and don't like liars.So if people view you as untrustworthy，it can be bad for your relationships.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about？ ______
A. The costs of lying to people.
B. The true meaning of honesty.
C. The benefits of being truthful.
D. The difficulty of being a good liar.
13. Why is a lying student mentioned in the second paragraph？ ______
A. To prove a theory. B. To introduce a topic.
C. To provide the background. D. To give an example.
14. Which of the following is the function of working memory？ ______
A. Remembering a life-long lesson.
B. Storing information for a short time.
C. Pushing oneself to face difficulties.
D. Processing information in the brain.
15. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying？
B. Which Part of Brain Is in Charge of Lying？
C. When Is It Especially Bad for People to Lie？
D. How Can We Keep Lies From Falling Apart？
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
ChatGPT，OpenAI's latest language model，has been on the minds of many of us recently.It becomes the fastest growing app of all time，even surpassing TikTok.（1） ______ ，let's start from some basic things about it below.
How to access ChatGPT
You can access ChatGPT by going to chat.OpenAI.com and log in（登录）.If you're on OpenAI's website，you can log in to your account，then scroll down until you see ChatGPT on the bottom left corner of the page，and click on it to start chatting.
Practical use of ChatGPT
What's life without a bit of fun？Whether you're looking for a good laugh or creating some humorous jokes to impress your friends，ChatGPT can come in handy to create original jokes.Besides，ChatGPT is particularly strong in handling maths problems step by step.（2） ______ .Although ChatGPT，just like any AI system，can't exactly understand emotions，it can still provide useful tips for managing relationships with friends，family and loved ones.In addition to the above features，ChatGPT can do a large number of things like writing a song，a poem，explaining tough topics and so on.
（ 3） ______
ChatGPT uses reinforcement（强化） learning with human feedback to cleverly process its environment using human expressions and adapt to different situations with learned desired behaviors.（4） ______ ，and continues learning through the human knowledge users provide，making it able to give educated responses on a large variety of topics.
The limitation of ChatGPT
ChatGPT，like all language models，is not without limitations.（5） ______ .Because ChatGPT is always learning from the text data it is provided，it can give inaccurate and incorrect information.
A.The way ChatGPT works
B.The idea of inventing ChatGPT
C.To know the advantages of ChatGPT
D.To get familiar with ChatGPT further
E.It has been trained on a lot of data before this
F.ChatGPT can also be your personal relationship expert
G.It's important to double check the information it gives you
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
All every child wants is to feel like they fit in.But it can be hard when they find little representation in the world around them，including their（1） ______ .
Amy Jandrisevits，a social worker in a welfare home for children，（2） ______ well how therapeutic（有疗效的） it is for kids with disabilities to see their（3） ______ reflected in the things they play with，namely，dolls（洋娃娃）.That's what（4） ______ her to create "A Doll Like Me ".
" In my time working with the kids，I used dolls to help the children（5） ______ themselves，"Amy said." Dolls are an effective（6） ______ to share kindness and show acceptance，especially when the doll looks like you."
So she began making her own non-traditional Raggedy Ann dolls for children with disabilities.Each is（7） ______ and looks just like the child it's made for，matching their（8） ______ physical characteristics and medical conditions.
Each costs about ＄100 to make and ship.If families can't afford to pay，Amy covers the （9） ______ with funds raised through her GoFundMe campaign.She's also（10） ______ with a children's hospital to provide other kids with dolls for comfort as they（11） ______ their medical care.
Amy says her final（12） ______ is to be able to give out all the dolls for free." If we' re going to look at mental health as a（13） ______ part of medical care，this is key."
So far，she's made over 300 dolls，and her admirable efforts（14） ______ aren't going unnoticed.In fact，she was（15） ______ with GoFundMe's Hero in 2022!
21. A. toys B. clothes C. shoes D. books
22. A. respects B. protests C. understands D. imagines
23. A. solutions B. differences C. examples D. movements
24. A. forced B. expected C. warned D. inspired
25. A. express B. hide C. greet D. excuse
26. A. belief B. way C. reason D. place
27. A. handmade B. widespread C. anxious D. absent
28. A. formal B. previous C. unique D. extra
29. A. stress B. story C. topic D. cost
30. A. competed B. partnered C. compared D. lived
31. A. give up B. put off C. talk about D. go through
32. A. right B. score C. goal D. match
33. A. global B. necessary C. familiar D. risky
34. A. rarely B. gently C. illegally D. surely
35. A. honored B. treated C. fired D. limited
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Rescue efforts are ongoing after a massive earthquake and （1） ______ （ power） aftershocks strike southeastern Turkey and northern Syria.The quake is one of the （2） ______ （ deadly） worldwide in over ten years.
Thousands of people have been killed，and the numbers seem certain （3） ______ （ rise） as rescue teams are hunting for survivors.In hard-hit Turkey，over 6，000 buildings have been destroyed.Rescuers have been working overnight in cold，wet weather while also （4） ______ （ face） the threat of aftershocks since the 7.8 magnitude earthquake rocked （5） ______ region early Monday.
Amid the horror of the natural disaster have been reports of miraculous （奇迹般的） rescues.
Among the survivors，an entire family was rescued （6） ______ the province of Idlib，western Syria on Tuesday.Footage of the rescue showed two girls and a boy pulled from a （7） ______ （ damage） building by the group's volunteer to loud cheers from the large crowd gathered.The （8） ______ （ child） were rushed to a hospital.Two adults also appeared to be carried out from the building.
A more bittersweet rescue （9） ______ （ occur） in Jindires，Syria，on Tuesday.A baby girl （10） ______ had been born amid the earthquake rubble （废墟） was rescued，though none of her family survived.The baby was transported to a hospital，where she was in an incubator （恒温箱） in good condition.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华。你所在的武术（martial arts）社团正在招募新成员。请给你的留学生朋友Kevin 写封邮件邀请他加入，内容包括：
（1）介绍社团活动；
（2）报名方式及截止日期。
注意：写作词数应为 80左右；
Dear Kevin，
___________
Yours， Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My struggles started in seventh grade when I began passing out.I had many medical check-ups and finally found one that helped.My average blood pressure was about 80/60 on a good day.To this day，I continue to battle this problem.
Then，two years ago，I was diagnosed（诊断） with fibromyalgia，a muscle disease that is not really helped by medication.It's like having a pulled muscle when the disease attacks.It can last as long as three months.I was bedridden for a month.Cold weather，rain，or physical or emotional stress can cause the pain.
It's hard enough to be a health y teenager and go through the typical changes with friends，family，school，etc.Add to that missing two to three months of school a year，and it can make things very difficult.The hardest part was on the outside I looked normal like everyone else；however，on the inside，I was in horrible pain.Some classmates had passed their comments on me thinking that since my physical appearance was fine，I must be OK.The judgment hurt me more than anyone will ever know.
I battled with depression（抑郁） as well，because I felt like an outsider.I longed to be normal and healthy.I even developed an eating disorder.In the beginning，I had lost a lot of weight.For the first time，I felt like I was attractive because I was skinny.I was receiving more attention than ever.I would still feel depressed，though，because of all that was going on in my life.I would eat a lot hoping the stress would go away.But then I would throw up the food so I would still look good.Luckily，I overcame these problems with the help of my family and a wonderful job.
注意：续写词数应为 150左右；
My mother stuck by me and encouraged me in all my time of need.___________
I found a purpose knowing I had something to give to these elderly people.___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据 Wildlife Photography Workshop（By Charly Savely）部分Professional wildlife photographer，Charly Savely，has recently decided to share her secrets with the world through her online wildlife Photography Workshop recorded in Alaska's Katmai National Park.Learn how she chooses camera settings using art to influence your style，where to find wildlife and how to photograph animals safely in the wild.（专业野生动物摄影师Charly Savely最近决定通过她在阿拉斯加卡特迈国家公园录制的在线野生动物摄影工作室与世界分享她的秘密。了解她如何选择使用艺术来影响你的风格的相机设置，在哪里可以找到野生动物，以及如何在野外安全拍摄动物。）可知，你应该向Charly Savely学习拍摄野生动物。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据A to Z of Selling Your Photos（By Lola Akinmade）部分She has also put together an excellent online photography class that goes into detail about how to make your photos be brands（她还开设了一个优秀的在线摄影课程，详细介绍如何让你的照片成为品牌）可知，A to Z of Selling Your Photos课程提供了如何将你的摄影作品变成为一个品牌的建议。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Mastering Lightroom&Photoshop（By Andrew Kerns）部分Every professional photographer uses post-processing（后期处理）skills to make their images stand out.（每一位专业摄影师都会运用后期处理技巧，让自己的照片脱颖而出。）和Photographing the World（By Elia Locardi）部分his photography class...all the way through his post-processing skills in the studio.（他的摄影课...一直到他在工作室的后期处理技巧。）可知，Andrew Kerns和Elia Locardi的课程的共同之处是都包括后期处理技能。故选A。
本文为应用文。文章主要介绍了四个令人惊叹的可以改善照片的在线摄影课程。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~7.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）词句猜测题。根据划线词前When I was about 17，my high schoolteacher event old me in front of the entire class that I would never make a living as a skateboarder.（当我17岁的时候，我的高中老师在全班同学面前告诉我，我永远不能用滑板谋生）可推断，在老师眼里，作者不务正业，是没有前途的，所以bleak应是与Unpromising意为"不乐观的"同义。A．Successful.成功的；B．Certain.一定的；C．Bright.明亮的；D．Unpromising.不乐观的。故选D项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段Their hairstyles and clothes are simply part of the culture，even when they appear strange during competitions.（他们的发型和服装只是文化的一部分，即使他们在比赛中看起来很奇怪）可知，这些人的发型及穿着有些异类。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第六段And although I have many job titles—senior advisor，foundation chairwoman，well-known actress-the one I am most proud of is professional skateboarder.（虽然我有很多头衔——高级顾问、基金会主席、知名女演员——但我最引以为傲的是职业滑板运动员）可知作者最引以为傲的职位是专业的滑板者。故选B项。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段My parents never once questioned the practicality behind my passion（酷爱）.I hope to pass on the same lesson to my children someday.（我的父母从来没有质疑过我的热情背后的实用性。我希望有一天能把同样的教训传递给我的孩子们）可推断，作者很可能会鼓励她的孩子坚持做自己喜欢的事。故选A项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位女性职业滑板运动员的成长历程。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】D、C、B、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。结合第一段Some say it's a custom brought to Pittsburgh by immigrants and everybody from Italians to Polish people claims its heritage.（有人说这是移民带到匹兹堡的一种习俗，从意大利人到波兰人，每个人都声称这是匹兹堡的传统。）可知它不一定是移民带到匹兹堡的，排除选项A。且它不一定是在20世纪30年代由于省钱的需要而发展起来的，排除选项C。根据第二段But the cookie table's connection with weddings didn't show up in publications until the 1990s.Certainly，Pittsburghers feasted on wedding cookie tables well before the 1990s（但直到20世纪90年代，饼干桌与婚礼的联系才出现在出版物上。当然，早在20世纪90年代之前，匹兹堡人就在婚礼饼干桌上大快朵颐。）可知它首次出现在20世纪90年代的婚礼上是错误的，故排除选项B。第三段中Marc Serrao老人的话"When I was a kid，the big talk was not 'How was the wedding？Instead，it was 'How were the cookies？（当我还是个孩子的时候，人们谈论的不是"婚礼怎么样？"取而代之的是"饼干怎么样？"）及第四段this tradition of sharing sweet homemade cookies at weddings is baked into Pittsburgh culture（这种在婚礼上分享自制甜饼干的传统已经融入了匹兹堡的文化。）可知这是匹兹堡婚礼重要的组成部分。故选D项。
（2）数字计算题。结合第五段There's no exact number of cookies at a wedding.It's usually somewhere between six per guest up to one-and-a-half dozen（十二） per guest.（婚礼上没有确切的饼干数量。通常每位客人六块到每位客人1.5打之间）可知，1.5*12=18，即通常为每位客人准备6至18块饼干。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。结合第七段The answer likely lies in family tradition.Some families open the cookie tables before dinner，while most families wait until after dinner.Generally，it is recommended to wait until after dinner.（一答案可能在于家庭传统。有些家庭在晚饭前打开饼干桌，而大多数家庭要等到晚饭后。通常，建议等到晚饭后再吃。）可知通常客人最好等到晚饭后再吃饼干。故选B项。
（4）推理判断题。结合最后一段"However，what is tradition and what happens are two totally different things，" Marc Serra o says. "I dare someone to tell Grandma that she is not allowed to pick a cookie off the cookie table before dinner.I also dare someone to tell Aunt Betsy that she is not allowed to put four cookies in her bag for the next morning with her coffee."（"然而，什么是传统和发生什么是完全不同的事情，"Marc Serra o说。"我敢有人告诉奶奶，晚饭前不允许她从饼干桌上摘饼干。我也敢有人对贝茜阿姨说，第二天早上她不允许在包里放四块饼干和咖啡。"）可知，Marc Serrao认为这些规矩不是呆板的，规则也有例外。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了美国匹兹堡的结婚糕点习俗的重要性和起源。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】C、D、B、A
【解析】（1）段落大意题。结合文章第一段By being honest with people，you not only buildup goodwill，but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn't have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth（通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省大量的脑力，因为当你说实话时，你的大脑不必做任何不同寻常的事情。）可知，这一段主要是写诚实的好处，选项C．The benefits of being truthful.（诚实的好处）符合本段大意。故答案为C。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段However，lying takes much more work.（然而，撒谎需要付出更多的努力）是本段的主题句，并结合句子Imagine you're late to class and the teacher asks why.If you decide to lie，you have to make up a story on the spot，think about the various directions the conversation might take and figure out what you need to say to keep this whole lie from falling apart.（想象一下，你上课迟到了，老师问你为什么。如果你决定撒谎，你必须当场编一个故事，思考谈话的各个方向，并找出你需要说什么来防止整个谎言分崩离析。）这些都是举例说明。可推知，作者是用学生撒谎这个例子来支持其论点：撒谎是需要付出更多的努力。故答案为D。
（3）细节理解题。结合文章第四段Working memory keeps something in mind just for a little while（工作记忆会让一些事情在脑海中停留一段时间），以及It stores things for only a short while as you're using them，and it doesn't put them in long-term storage.（当你使用它们时，它只会在短时间内存储它们，而不会将它们进行长期存储。）可知，working memory的作用是短时间存储信息。故答案为B。
（4）标题判断题。根据文章第一段Most people don't lie very much.It makes sense.By being honest with people，you not only buildup goodwill，but also save a lot of brainpower since your brain doesn't have to do anything out of the ordinary when you tell the truth.You just think of what you want to say，and you say it.（大部分人都不怎么撒谎，这是有道理的。通过对人诚实，你不仅可以建立善意，还可以节省很多脑力，因为当你说实话时，你的大脑不必做任何不同寻常的事情。你只需要想想你想说什么，然后就说了。）主要是说诚实的好处，二、三和四段是从不同角度来说明撒谎的危害。故选项A.What Are the Harmful Effects of Lying？（说谎有哪些有害影响？）作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故答案为A。
本文是一篇说明文。本文详细阐述了撒谎的众多危害。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】D、F、A、E、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文ChatGPT，OpenAI's latest language model，has been on the minds of many of us recently.It becomes the fastest growing app of all time，even surpassing TikTok.（ChatGPT，OpenAI最新的语言模型，最近一直在我们很多人的脑海里。它成为有史以来增长最快的应用程序，甚至超过了TikTok）以及后文let's start from some basic things about it below.（让我们从下面的一些基本内容开始）可知，本段主要讲述了本文的主题，也就是介绍ChatGPT，所以D项"To get familiar with ChatGPT further（为了进一步熟悉ChatGPT）"符合本段主题，且起到承上启下的作用。故选D项。
（2）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Practical use of ChatGPT（ChatGPT的实际使用）可知，本段主要介绍了ChatGPT在生活中的实际用途，根据后文Although ChatGPT，just like any AI system，can't exactly understand emotions，it can still provide useful tips for managing relationships with friends，family n Windows loved ones.（虽然ChatGPT就像任何人工智能系统一样，不能完全理解情绪，但它仍然可以为管理与朋友、家人和Windows亲人的关系提供有用的建议）"可知，此处是在讲述ChatGPT在人际关系上的运用，所以F项"ChatGPT can also be your personal relationship expert（ChatGPT也可以成为你的个人关系专家）"符合文意。故选F项。
（3）标题归纳题。分析设空可知，空处为本段小标题，根据下文ChatGPT uses reinforcement learning with human feedback to cleverly process its environment using human expressions and adapt to different situations with learned desired behaviors.（ChatGPT利用人类反馈的强化学习，利用人类的表情巧妙地处理环境，并通过学习到的期望行为来适应不同的情况）可知，本段主要介绍ChatGPT是如何工作的，所以A项"The way ChatGPT works（ChatGPT的工作方式）"符合文意。故选A项。
（4）推理判断题。根据后文and continues learning through the human knowledge users provide，making it able to give educated responses on a large variety of topics.（并通过用户提供的人类知识继续学习，使其能够对各种主题给出有根据的响应）可知，空处应和本句并列，讲述的是ChatGPT如何对各种主题给出有根据的响应，所以E项"It has been trained on a lot of data before this（在此之前，它已经接受了大量数据的训练）"符合本段主题。故选E项。
（5）推理判断题。根据后文Because ChatGPT is always learning from the text data it is provided，it can give inaccurate and incorrect information.（因为ChatGPT总是从被提供的文本数据中学习，所以它可能会给出不准确和不正确的信息）可知，此处给出了一个原因，就是ChatGPT可能不准确，所以空处应是和本句形成因果关系，所以G项"It's important to double check the information it gives you（仔细检查它提供给你的信息是很重要的）"符合文意。故选G项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何使用ChatGPT，以及它的实际运用，工作原理和限制。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、C、B、D、A、B、D、C、D、B、D、C、B、D、A
【解析】 （1）考查名词及语境理解。A.toys玩具；B.clothes衣服；C.shoes鞋；D.books书。句意：但是，当他们在周围的世界，包括他们的玩具中找不到任何代表时，这就很难了。根据第二段中提到的dolls，可知是玩具，故选A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.respects尊重；B.protests抗议；C.understands理解；D.imagines想象。句意：Amy Jandrisevits是一家儿童福利院的社会工作者，她很理解残疾儿童看到他们的不同反映在他们玩的东西上是多么有治疗作用，也就是洋娃娃。根据上文"Amy Jandrisevits，a social worker in a welfare home for children"，可知她理解孩子们的心理，故选C。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.solutions解决方案；B.differences差异；C.examples示例；D.movements动作。句意：Amy Jandrisevits是一家儿童福利院的社会工作者，她很好地说明了残疾儿童看到他们的不同反映在他们玩的东西上是多么有治疗作用，也就是洋娃娃。根据本句的含义，可知此处指的是他们的残疾，也就是与正常孩子的不同，故选B。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.forced强迫；B.expected期望，预料；C.warned警告；D.inspired激励，赋予灵感。句意：这就是她创作《像我一样的娃娃》的灵感来源。根据本句的含义，可知此处是指"赋予灵感"，故选D。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.express表达；B.hide隐藏；C.greet问候；D.excuse找借口。句意："在我和孩子们一起工作的时候，我用娃娃来帮助孩子们表达自己，"艾米说。根据本句的含义，可知此处意思是孩子"表达"自己，故选A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.belief信仰；B.way方法，方式；C.reason原因；D.place地点。句意：玩偶是表达善意和接纳的有效方式，尤其是当玩偶长得像你的时候。根据本句的含义，可知此处是表达善意和接纳的有效"方式"，故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.handmade手工制作的；B.widespread广泛分布的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.absent缺席的，缺少的。句意：每个都缺少点东西，看起来就像为他们量身定做的孩子，符合他们独特的身体特征和医疗条件。根据下文"physical characteristics and medical conditions"，可知它们都是有缺陷的，都缺少点东西，故选D。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的；B.previous以前的；C.unique独特的；D.extra额外的。句意：每个都缺少点东西，看起来就像为他们量身定做的孩子，符合他们独特的身体特征和医疗条件。根据上文"Each is（7）______and looks just like the child it's made for"，可知孩子们都是独特的，故选C。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.stress压力；B.story故事；C.topic主题；D.cost费用。句意：如果家庭负担不起，艾米会通过她的GoFundMe活动筹集资金来支付费用。根据上文"Each costs about ＄100 to make and ship.If families can't afford to pay"，可知艾米会通过她的GoFundMe活动筹集资金来支付费用，故选D。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.competed竞争；B.partnered合作；C.compared比较；D.lived居住，生活。句意：她还与一家儿童医院合作，为其他孩子提供玩偶，让他们在接受医疗护理时感到舒适。根据本句的含义，可知她和医院都是为了治疗，所以是合作，故选B。
（11）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.give up放弃；B.put off推迟；C.talk about谈论；D.go through经历。句意：她还与一家儿童医院合作，为其他孩子提供玩偶，让他们在接受医疗护理时感到舒适。根据本句的含义，可知此处是表示"经历治疗"，故选D。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.right权利；B.score得分；C.goal目标；D.match匹配。句意：艾米说她的最终目标是能够免费送出所有的娃娃。"如果我们要把心理健康视为医疗保健的必要组成部分，这是关键。"根据下文"is to be able to give out all the dolls for free"，可知此处为目的，故选C。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.global全球的；B.necessary必要的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.risky冒险的。句意：艾米说她的最终成绩是能够免费送出所有的娃娃。"如果我们要把心理健康视为医疗保健的必要组成部分，这是关键。"根据本句的含义，可知"把心理健康视为医疗保健的必要组成部分"，故选B。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.rarely很少地；B.gently温和地；C.illegally非法地；D.surely当然，一定地。句意：到目前为止，她已经制作了300多个娃娃，她令人钦佩的努力肯定不会被忽视。根据本句的含义，可知她的付出一定不会被忽视，故选D。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.honored给与…的光荣；B.treated治疗，对待；C.fired解雇；D.limited限制。句意：事实上，她在2022年获得了GoFundMe的英雄称号!根据下文"with GoFundMe's Hero in 2022"，可知是获得荣誉，故选A。
这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了的Amy Jandrisevits是一家儿童福利院的社会工作者，她很理解残疾儿童看到他们的不同反映在他们的洋娃娃上是多么有治疗作用，所以她创作了《像我一样的娃娃》。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】powerful
【小题2】most deadly
【小题3】to rise
【小题4】facing
【小题5】the
【小题6】in
【小题7】damaged
【小题8】children
【小题9】occurred
【小题10】who/that
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：土耳其东南部和叙利亚北部发生强烈地震和余震，救援工作仍在继续。分析句子可知，此处在句中修饰名词aftershocks，作定语，应用形容词；power的形容词形式为powerful。故填powerful。
（2）考查形容词最高级。句意：这次地震是十多年来全球最严重的地震之一。分析句子可知，此处在句中作表语，结合句意可知，此处表示"全球最严重的地震之一"，应用形容词的最高级，deadly的最高级为most deadly。故填most deadly。
（3）考查不定式。句意：成千上万的人在地震中丧生，随着救援队寻找幸存者，死亡人数似乎还会上升。seem to do为固定搭配，表示"似乎……"，此处应用to do不定式，在句中作表语。故填to rise。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：自周一早上7.8级地震袭击该地区以来，救援人员一直在寒冷潮湿的天气下彻夜工作，同时还面临着余震的威胁。分析句子可知，此处位于连词while后，并且是时间状语从句的省略，逻辑主语Rescuers与动词face之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填facing。
（5）考查冠词。句意：自周一早上7.8级地震袭击该地区以来，救援人员一直在寒冷潮湿的天气下彻夜工作，同时还面临着余震的威胁。分析句子可知，此处位于谓语动词rocked后，名词region前，结合句意可知，此处特指"该地区"，应用定冠词the。故填the。
（6）考查介词。句意：周二，在叙利亚西部的伊德利卜省，幸存者中有一家人获救。分析句子可知，此处与后面的the province of Idlib在句中作地点状语，结合句意可知，此处指在伊德利卜省被救，province为大地名，应用介词in。故填in。
（7）考查形容词。句意：救援录像显示，该组织的志愿者将两名女孩和一名男孩从一栋受损的建筑中救出，聚集的人群大声欢呼。分析句子可知，此处在句中修饰名词building，作定语，应用形容词；damage的形容词形式为damaged。故填damaged。
（8）考查可数名词的复数。句意：孩子们被紧急送往医院。分析句子可知，此处在句中作主语，应用名词；结合be动词were可知，主语应为复数，child的复数形式为children。故填children。
（9）考查动词时态。句意：星期二，在叙利亚金代勒斯发生了一场苦乐参半的救援行动。分析句子可知，此处在句中作谓语，结合时间状语on Tuesday可知，此处为过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填occurred。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：一名出生在地震废墟中的女婴获救，尽管她的家人无一生还。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，修饰名词girl，在从句中作主语，先行词表示人，应用who或that引导。故填who或that。
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了土耳其的地震及搜救情况。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Dear Kevin，
Learning that you are addicted to martial arts，I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the martial arts club in our school aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
Definitely，as for the activities，we will be honored to be given high-level training by a professional coach every Friday.Meanwhile，we would be divided into several groups to conduct competitions every two weeks.（介绍社团活动）
If you are interested in what I have stated above，sign up our school website before September 1st.【高分句型二】I'm looking forward to your reply.（报名方式及截止日期）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Learning that you are addicted to martial arts，I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the martial arts club in our school aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills.
译文：得知你沉迷于武术，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们学校的武术俱乐部，旨在培养我们的兴趣，提高我们的技能。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语Learning that you are addicted to martial arts作状语，that引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二：If you are interested in what I have stated above，sign up our school website before September 1st.
译文：如果你对我上面所说的感兴趣，请在9月1日之前注册我们的学校网站。
分析：这句话使用了if引导的条件状语从句，what引导的宾语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】My mother stuck by me and encouraged me in all my time of need.She never wavered in her support，always there to listen and provide comfort.Her unwavering love and belief in me gave me the strength to keep fighting，even on the darkest days.With her by my side，I felt a glimmer of hope and a renewed determination to overcome the challenges that life threw my way. 【高分句型一】Her presence was a constant reminder that I was not alone in my struggles and that I had someone who believed in me wholeheartedly.【高分句型二】（作者的妈妈给予作者很大的帮助）
I found a purpose knowing I had something to give to these elderly people.Despite my own health battles，I decided to volunteer at a local nursing home.Interacting with the elderly residents，listening to their stories，and offering a lending hand brought me immense joy and fulfillment.It gave me a sense of purpose beyond my own pain，knowing that I could bring a smile to someone's face or provide comfort to those in need.In those moments，I discovered the power of compassion and the positive impact it can have on both the giver and the receiver.（作者在养老院做志愿者，帮助他人的同时也帮助了自己）
【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在成长过程中身体总是出现问题，她不断和这些问题做斗争。
高分句型一：With her by my side，I felt a glimmer of hope and a renewed determination to overcome the challenges that life threw my way.
译文：有了她在我身边，我感到了一线希望和克服生活给我带来的挑战的新决心。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构，that引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：Her presence was a constant reminder that I was not alone in my struggles and that I had someone who believed in me wholeheartedly.
译文：她的出现不断提醒我，在我的挣扎中，我并不孤单，我有一个全心全意相信我的人。
分析：这句话使用了and连接两个that引导的同位语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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