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【暑假提升】牛津译林版英语六年级(六升七)暑假-第13讲 Unit 6 Food and lifestyle 预习讲学案
展开【暑假自学课】2022年新七年级英语暑假精品课
第13讲Unit 6 Food and lifestyle(解析版)
【重点词汇】
- lifestyle n. 生活方式
- keep vt. 保持
- health n. 健康
- fit adj. 健康的
- change vt.& vi. 改变,变化
- plan vt. 打算,计划
- glass n. 玻璃杯;玻璃
- total adj. 总的,总计的,全部的
- number n. 数,数量
- order vt.& vi. 点(菜)
- menu n. 菜单
- taste v. 有…的味道
【重点词组】
1. keep fit 保持健康
2. computer game 电脑游戏
3. a piece of 一片,一块
4. less than 少于
5. more than 多于
6. take a walk 散步
7. healthy food 健康食品
8. be important for 对……很重要
【基础知识】
1. a number of和the number of的区别
1)a number of意为“一些”,用法很像many,后跟可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式。
2)the number of意为“……的数量”,接名词复数,但谓语动词用单数形式。
例句:A number of students go to the temple before exams.
很多学生考试前会去庙里烧香拜佛。
The number of students in our school is 300.
我们学校的学生数是300人。
2. What would you like to order, Andy? 安迪,你想点什么菜?
order是一个多义词,用作及物动词,意为“点菜;命令”;用作名词,意为“订单;顺序”。
例子: I would like to order fish and vegetables. 我想点鱼和蔬菜
My mother orders me to go home at once. 我妈妈命令我立刻回家。
【拓展】in order意为“按顺序,依次”。
The students go into the hall in order. 学生们依次进入礼堂。
in order to 意为“为了”,后跟动词原形。
His father gets up early in order to catch the early bus. 他爸爸为了赶早班车起得很早。
3. There are three toy trains in the tree. 树上有三辆玩具火车。
in the tree意为“在树上”。
辨析:in the tree与on the tree二者都可表示“在树上”,但其用法不同。
in the tree | 不是树上本身长的东西 | There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 |
on the tree | 树上本身生长的果实或树叶等 | 那棵苹果树上有许多的苹果。 There are many apples on the apple tree. |
4. And hamburgers are not good for us.而且汉堡包对我们没有好处。
be good for...意为“对......有益;对......有好处”;反义词短语是be bad for...,意为“对......有害”。
e.g. 多吃蔬菜对我们的健康有好处。 Eating more vegetables is good for our health.
吸烟对我们的健康有害。 Smoking is bad for our health.
【拓展】be good后接不同的介词表示不同的意思:
Be good for | 对......有益,对......有好处 | Fruit is good for our health. 水果对我们的健康有好处。 |
Be good at | 擅长......,在......方面成绩好 | My sister is good at English.我妹妹擅长英语。 |
Be good with | 与......相处得好 | He is very good with the children.他与这些孩子相处得很好。 |
Be good to | 对......友好 | My friends are good to me.我的朋友们对我很友好。 |
5. Millie is reading about Kitty’s and Daniel’s lifestles.米莉正在于都关于基蒂和丹尼尔的生活方式的文章。
Kitty’s and Daniel’s 是名词所有格形式。表示名词所有关系的形式叫做名词所有格。
(1)表示有生命的人或物的所有格,一般在词尾加“’s”
the boy’s mother 男孩的母亲 Tom’s bike汤姆的自行车
(2)多人所有格的两种情况:
- 表示两者或两者以上共同所有,把“’s”加在最后一个名词上。
Lucy and Lily’s room. 露西和莉莉的房间(两人共同的房间)
- 表示各自拥有某件东西时,每个名词后都要用所有格形式。
Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms 露西和莉莉的房间(两人各自拥有自己的房间)
【拓展】(1)以s结尾的复数名词,其所有格形式只在词尾加“’”,不以“s”结尾的复数名,其所有格在名词词尾加“’s”。
the students’ books 学生用书 Women’s Day妇女节
(2)表示店铺、医生、学校、住宅及公共建筑的名词所有格后常常不出现它所修饰的名词。
at the doctor’s 在医务室 at the teacher’s 在老师办公室
6. I plan to eat more fruit and vegetables every day.我打算每天吃更多的水果和蔬菜。
Plan to do sth.“打算做某事;计划做某事”,相当于be going to do sth.。
e.g. 我打算每天早上锻炼。 I plan to exercise every morning.
我们们计划下周去上海。 We paln to go to Shanghai next week.
7. change verb & noun
1). v. 改变;交换;把…换成零钱;兑换
例1:I almost didn't recognize her - she'd changed so much.
我几乎认不出她了——她变化太大了。
例2:Could you change a £10 note (for two fives), please?
请问你能把一张10英镑换开(换成两张5英镑)吗?
2). 改变;改动; 零钱
例3:Let me know if there's any change in the situation.
要是情况有了什么变化请告诉我。
例4:She gave me €5 in change.
她给了我5英镑的硬币。
8. health noun 身体状况;健康
例句:Regular exercise is good for your health.
经常锻炼对你的身体有好处。
I had to give up drinking for health reasons.
我因健康之故而不得不戒酒。
9. taste noun & verb
1). n. 味道;味觉;鉴赏力,审美力;品位
例1:Lemons have a sharp taste. 柠檬味道很刺激。
例2:His taste in clothes leaves a little to be desired.
他的着装品位实在不怎么样。
2). v. 尝…的味道
例3:Taste this sauce and tell me if it needs seasoning.
尝尝酱汁,看看要不要加佐料。
【过关检测】
一、单项选择
1.He often has ________ egg and ________ hamburger for breakfast.
A.an, an B.a, a C.an, a D.a, an
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他经常早饭有一个鸡蛋和一个汉堡。egg是元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an修饰,hamburger是辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a修饰,故选C。
2.There is some ________ on the table.
A.tomato B.egg C.chicken D.banana
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在桌子上有一些鸡肉。、
考查名词辨析。tomato西红柿,可数名词;egg鸡蛋,可数名词;chicken鸡肉,不可数名词;banana香蕉,可数名词。根据句意和句中的There is可知,这里的名词是不可数的,故选C。
3.Eating beef is good for us, because there ______ much energy in it.
A.has B.have C.is D.are
【答案】C
【解析】句意:吃牛肉对我们有好处,因为它里面有很多能量。there be “有”,表示在某时或某地有某物,表示存在。have“有”,表示某人或某物拥有。根据in it可知在牛肉里有某物,故用there be。主语energy是不可数名词,故谓语用第三人称单数,故选C。
4.There isn’t any ______in this supermarket.
A.sheep B.tree C.fruit D.hills
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这家超市里没有水果。sheep绵羊,是可数名词;tree树,是可数名词;fruit水果,是不可数名词;hill山,是可数名词。根据谓语isn’t是第三人称单数,故主语用第三人称单数,故选C。
5.—I can’t stand the smell of the stinking tofu.
— Would you like to have a try? It ______quite delicious!
A.looks B.sounds C.tastes D.smells
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:——我无法忍受臭豆腐的味道。——你想要试一下吗?它尝起来非常美味。looks看起来; sound听起来;taste品尝起来;smell闻起来;此处应表示臭豆腐吃起来美味,故选C。
考点:考查动词词义辨析的用法。
6.一Do you often get a_______ present from your aunt on your birthday?
—No.only a card,but with her best wishes.
A.small B.important C.special D.difficult
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你经常在你的生日的时候收到来自你姑妈的独特礼物吗?——不,只有一张卡片,但是带有她最好的祝福。small小的;important重要的;special独特的;difficult困难的。根据on your birthday可知在过生日的时候的礼物,应是独特的,故选C。
7.There________some milk and two apples on the table.
A.are B.is C.am D.be
【答案】B
【解析】句意:桌子上有一些牛奶和两个苹果。
考查主谓一致。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面的名词所决定,如果是多个名词,要根据“就近原则”来判断,本题中离be动词近的词是milk,是不可数名词,所以be动词用is,故选B。
8._______ great news that The Three-body Problem got Hugo Award in 2015!
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【答案】A
【解析】句意:多好的消息啊,《三体》在2015年获得雨果奖!考查感叹句。英语感叹句由what和how引导,what后面跟名词,how后面跟形容词或副词。具体构成如下:(1)what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!(2)what +形容词+不可数名词或可数名词复数+主语+谓语!(3)how+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!本句是含有定语从句的感叹句,that The Three-body Problem got Hugo Award in 2015是定语从句,先行词news,本句省略了主语和谓语。本句中news(消息)是不可数名词,可知用what引导这个感叹句,选A。
9.—_______?
—Thank you. But I’m full now.
A.Would you like to have dinner with us tomorrow
B.Could you buy some fruit for me, please
C.Would you like some cakes
D.Could you pass me more bread
【答案】C
【解析】句意:----你想要些蛋糕吗?----谢谢。我现在吃饱了。考查情景交际。A. Would you like to have dinner with us tomorrow你明天想和我们一起吃饭吗;B. Could you buy some fruit for me, please请给我买些水果好吗;C. Would you like some cakes你想要些蛋糕吗;D. Could you pass me more bread你能再给我些面包吗。根据回答“我现在吃饱了。”可知上文是“你想要些蛋糕吗?”故选C。
二、完形填空
Food is important. Everyone needs to___10___well if he or she wants to have a strong body. Our minds (心灵)also need a kind of food. This kind of food is___11___. We begin to get knowledge(知识) even when we are young. Small children are___12___in everything around them. They learn___13___while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older they begin to ___14___story books, science books and anything else they like. When they find something new, they have to ask questions and__15__to find out the answers.
What is the best___16___to get knowledge? If we learn___17___ourselves, we will get the most knowledge. If we are___18___getting answers from others and don’t ask why, we will never learn more and understand____19____.
10.A.sleep B.read C.drink D.eat
11.A.sport B.exercise C.knowledge D.meat
12.A.interested B.interesting C.weak D.good
13.A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything
14.A.lend B.write C.learn D.read
15.A.try B.have C.think D.wait
16.A.place B.school C.way D.road
17.A.on B.with C.to D.by
18.A.seldom B.always C.certainly D.sometimes
19.A.harder B.much C.well D.better
【答案】10-14 DCABD
15-19 ACDBD
【解析】这篇短文以食物作比喻,论述了知识对于人的重要性,指出获取知识最好的方法是自主学习。
10.句意:每个人都需要吃得好,如果他或她想有一个强壮的身体。考查动词辨析题。A. sleep睡觉;B. read阅读;C. drink喝(酒);D. eat吃(饭)。根据句意,结合第一句Food is important.,可知前三项都与句意不符,故选D。
11.句意:这种食物就是知识。考查名词辨析题。A. sport运动;B. exercise练习;C. knowledge知识;D. meat肉。根据句意,结合上一句Our minds also need a kind of food.,可知ABD三个选项意思都不合句意,故选C。
12.句意:小孩子对周围的一切都很感兴趣。考查形容词辨析题。A. interested感兴趣的,用于人;B. interesting令人感兴趣的,用于物;C. weak虚弱的;D. good好的。be interested in对……感兴趣。根据句意,可知选A。
13.句意:当他们在看和听的时候,他们学到了一些东西。考查不定代词辨析题。A. everything每件事物,后面不再接名词;B. something某物/某事,常用于肯定句或想得到肯定回答的疑问句;C. nothing没有东西/没有事情;D. anything任何东西,常用于否定句、疑问句中以及if或whether引导的从句。本句是肯定句,根据句意,可知选B。
14.句意:当他们长大后,他们开始读故事书,科学书籍和其他他们喜欢的东西。考查动词辨析题。A. lend借;B. write写;C. learn学;D. read读。story books故事书,science books科学书。根据句意,可知选D。
15.句意:当他们找到新的东西时,他们必须提出问题并努力找出答案。考查动词辨析题。A. try尝试;B. have有;C. think想/认为;D. wait等。try to do sth.努力/设法做某事;find out寻找/找出。根据句意,可知选A。
16.句意:获取知识最好的方法是什么?考查名词辨析题。A. place地方;B. school学校;C. way方法;D. road道路。根据句意,可知选C。
17.句意:如果我们自主学习,我们将得到最多的知识。考查介词辨析题。A. on在……上面;B. with和/跟;C. to在……里面;D. by通过。by oneself由……自己。根据句意,可知选D。
18.句意:如果我们总是从别人那里得到答案。考查副词辨析题。A. seldom很少,表否定;B. always总是;C. certainly一定;D. sometimes有时。本句是条件状语从句,根据主句we will never learn more and understand better.句意,可知ACD三项都与句意不合,故选B。
19.句意:如果我们总是从别人那里得到答案,不要问为什么,我们将永远不会学到更多,更好地理解。考查副词比较级。本句是条件状语从句,and连接并列结构,它的前面是learn more,所以其后也需用副词比较级,可排除AC两项。根据句意,可知harder与句意不合,故选D。
点睛:完形填空是难度最大的题。它集阅读理解、语法、词法、句法于一体。是考查语言综合运用的能力的一道题。解题的方法第一要带着空,通读文章,搞清事件发生的背景。紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,充分利用各种线索,语法知识,以及句子之间的关系,词的搭配,结合上下文背景语境,结合句意选择适合语境的选项。
三、阅读单选
People eat different things in different countries.
In some countries, people eat rice every day. Sometimes they eat it twice or three times a day for breakfast, lunch and supper. Some people do not eat some kinds of meat. Muslims, for example, do not eat pork. Japanese eat lots of fish. They are near the sea. So it is easy for them to get fish.
In the West, such as England and the USA, the most important food is potatoes. People there can cook potatoes in many different ways.
Some people eat only fruit and vegetables. They do not eat meat or fish or anything else from animals. They eat food only from plants(植物). They say the food from plants is better for us than meat. These people are called vegetarians.
20.In some countries, people eat _____ every day.
A.fish B.vegetables C.fruit D.rice
21.Why do Japanese eat lots of fish?
A.Because they like fish better than the other food.
B.Because it is easy for them to get fish.
C.Because fish can give them lots of calories.
D.Because there is no other food.
22.What is the most important food in some Western countries?
A.Fish B.Potatoes C.Vegetables D.Fruit and vegetables
23.The underlined word “ vegetarians” means “ _____” in Chinese.
A.只吃素食的人 B.只吃荤食的人
C.研究素食的人 D.种植蔬菜的人
24.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.People in different countries eat different food.
B.Food from plants is better for us than meat.
C.Muslims are vegetarians.
D.People in some Western countries can cook tomatoes in many ways.
【答案】20-24 DBBAA
【解析】本篇文章主要讲述了不同的人们在不同的国家吃不同的东西,在一些国家里人们每天吃许多米饭,在日本人们吃许多的鱼,还有一些人们吃许多蔬菜和水果。
20.细节理解题。根据文中“In some countries, people eat rice every day”可知在一些国家里人们每天吃米饭,故选D,
21.细节理解题。根据文中“Japanese eat lots of fish. They are near the sea”可知日本人吃许多的鱼肉,因为他们住在海边,很容易就抓到鱼,故选B。
22.细节理解题。根据文中“In the West, such as England and the USA, the most important food is potatoes.”,一些西方国家最重要的食物是土豆,故选B。
23.词义猜测题。根据文中“They say the food from plants is better for us than meat.”可推测这些人们是素食主义者,故选A。
24.细节理解题。根据“People eat different things in different countries.”可知本篇文章主要讲述的是不同国家的人们吃不同的食物,故选A。
四、用所给单词的正确形式填空
25.Do you want ________ (be) a singer?
【答案】to be
【解析】句意:你想做个歌手吗?want to be想成为,固定表达;结合单词提示,故填to be。
26.Many people like ________ (go) fishing in the river.
【答案】going
【解析】句意:许多人喜欢在河里钓鱼。like doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”,此处填go的动名词形式going。故填going。
27.My birthday is on the ________ (twelve) of June.
【答案】twelfth
【解析】句意:我的生日是六月十二日。此处指日期,有定冠词the修饰,使用序数词,故填twelfth。
28.Miss White asks ________ (we) to sing the song.
【答案】us
【解析】句意:怀特小姐让我们唱这首歌。we我们,是主格形式,作为动词ask的宾语,用we的宾格形式,故填us。
29.We ________ (make) lots of rice dumplings in the kitchen yesterday evening.
【答案】made
【解析】句意:昨天晚上我们在厨房包了很多粽子。根据yesterday evening可知,此处用一般过去时,因此用make的过去式,故填made。
五、材料作文
你将在本周五举办一次晚会来庆祝中国新年,想邀请美国好友Mike来参加,请根据以下晚会内容,写一封70词左右的电子邮件给Mike。文章开头和结尾已给出。
1. 在晚会上,你将给大家讲述“年”这样一个中国古老的有趣故事;
2. 可以跟你妈妈学做健康食物, 品尝饺子和馄饨,大家互相送礼物;
3. 晚餐后,接着看春晚( the Spring Festival Gala),12点,一起放烟花…
Dear Mike,
I’d like to invite you to my party to celebrate Chinese New Year this Friday
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lots of love, Amy
【答案】
Dear Mike,
I’d like to invite you to my party to celebrate Chinese New Year this Friday.The Chinese New Year is now popularly known as the Spring Festival. The Spring Festival is also called “Nian” in Chinese. At the party, I will tell you an interesting story of "Nian", an ancient Chinese story. You can learn to cook healthy food from my mother. You will taste delicious dumplings and wontons, and everyone will give gifts to each other. After dinner, we will watch the Spring Festival Gala. By 12 o'clock at night, we will set off fireworks together. This party will help you learn about Chinese culture. I hope you can come to the party on time. I think you will have a happy night.
Lots of love, Amy
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