2023学年广西壮族自治区贵港市高考英语三模试卷含解析

这是一份2023学年广西壮族自治区贵港市高考英语三模试卷含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023学年广西壮族自治区贵港市高考英语三模试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
I've consulted several travel experts and found out the top places in the USA worth visiting.
Where：New Orleans，Louisiana
Why：New Orleans is known for its music and food scene—not to mention the festivals.
It has about 130 festivals each year so there's really no bad time to visit.Bourbon Street is the obvious choice for food，drink and jazz and it's definitely a mustvisit location，especially for firsttimes to the city.
Where：Vail，Colorado
Why：Vail is the perfect destination for travelers looking to find almost everything in one central spot.Stay at the amazing Four Seasons Resort and Residences Vail to be steps away from Vail Village，a popular spot with cobblestone （鹅卵石） streets for wandering leisurely.The country's largest free transportation system runs frequently，making it easy to access almost anywhere from Vail Village to Lionshead Village.
Where：Hudson Valley，New York
Why：The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go to escape the city's noises when they need a healthy treatment of nature and relaxation.Just an anhouranda half drive north of New York City，the Hudson Valley is made up of small，impossibly charming towns，where the air is fresher and things do move slower in the mountains.
1. What is New Orleans famous for？ ______
A. Various festivals. B. Musical instruments.
C. Natural scenery. D. Food processors：
2. Which place would you prefer if you like walking leisurely around？ ______
A. Bourbon Street. B. Vail Village.
C. Lionshead Village. D. New Orleans.
3. What can New Yorkers enjoy in the Hudson Valley？ ______
A. Ancient towns. B. Healthy diets. C. Bird watching. D. Inner peace.
B
Cory Lee，aged 30，was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy（脊髓性肌萎缩症） at a very young age.Because of his condition，he began using a wheelchair at age 4.His mother，Sandy Gilbreath，raised him as a single parent.Although taking care of a child with a disability was challenging；she ensured that Cory didn't miss out on the fun things in life.Sandy took him on road trips during summer breaks throughout his childhood.The exciting experiences of exploring new places inspired him to set a lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents.Fortunately，Cory was able to do that just before the COVID19 started.He and his mother traveled to Antarctica just before the borders closed.It was the seventh and final continent off his list.He became the firstever wheelchair user to visit all seven continents!
According to Cory，traveling in a wheelchair requires extensive planning and research.He started his research six to twelve months before each trip，making sure that there were accessible transportation options in the location.He would also call up hotels or rental homes to confirm if they were truly as accessible as they claimed to be.When Cory started going on adventures，there weren't many online resources discussing accessible travel.To help other travelers with disabilities explore the world as he did，he decided to share his knowledge in his blog.With a lot of preparations and great efforts，finally Cory and his mother wrote a children's book，titled Let's Explore with Cor Cor，which is about a boy who travels around the world in his powered wheelchair."Traveling to all seven continents wasn't something that I was sure was going to be possible，"he said."But if you stay determined and keep a positive attitude，the opportunities are limitless."
4. What made Cory Lee decide to visit all seven continents？ ______
A. His mother's expectation. B. His traveling experiences.
C. His dream of helping others. D. His objective of making history.
5. What may be the biggest challenge for Cory to go on a trip？ ______
A. Rental fees. B. Transportation.
C. Accommodation. D. Local attractions.
6. Why did Cory and his mother write the book？ ______
A. To enrich online resources.
B. To record traveling events.
C. To help people with special needs.
D. To introduce wheelchair adventures.
7. What can we learn from Cory's story？ ______
A. Nothing can prevent a determined heart.
B. Disability can turn into an opportunity.
C. Traveling helps shape a positive attitude.
D. Mom is the creator of children's dreams.
C
Think of the last time you disagreed with another person.Maybe you argued with your brother over what to watch on TV.Or perhaps you tried to convince grownups that ice cream makes a better dinner than vegetables.How did your disagreement end？Were you able to see the issue from the other person's viewpoint？
In many situations，disagreements are unavoidable.They're part of life.In fact，many people look on them as opportunities to learn.They do so by trying to understand where both sides are coming from.
How can you understand both sides of an issue？Often，it's best to start by asking questions.Questions help us learn about the world around us.The right questions can also help us learn about other people.In a disagreement，asking for more information can help you learn about a person's viewpoint.Therefore，we might as well see something from the perspective（视角） of others.
When seeking to understand both sides of an issue，it's important to know the difference between facts and opinions.Remember，facts are based on true information.Opinions can change from person to person.Paying attention to facts can stop prejudice from taking over in a disagreement.This can help everyone involved see both sides of the issue.
Maybe you're wondering why it's important to understand both sides of an issue，anyway.After all，don't most people just want to prove that their side is right？Often，that's true.However，understanding the whole issue can lead to both sides working together.
Disagreements may be uncomfortable at first.However，when both sides truly try to understand each other，they often find they have more in common than they thought.The next time you disagree with other people，try asking them questions about their viewpoint.You will surely learn a lot from doing so.
8. What does the underlined word"so"refer to in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Ignoring chances to learn.
B. Knowing more about themselves.
C. Shaping a right way to see the world.
D. Making the disagreements a chance to learn.
9. According to the passage，how can we solve a disagreement？ ______
A. By changing the other's opinion.
B. By trying to stand in others' shoes.
C. By making both sides comfortable.
D. By telling facts and opinions apart.
10. How does the author support his view？ ______
A. By reasoning. B. By making comparison.
C. By listing data. D. By raising questions.
11. What's the the best title of the passage？ ______
A. Disagreements Are Unavoidable.
B. We Should Avoid Disagreements.
C. Let Disagreements Function Well.
D. Disagreements Lead to Bad Result.
D
A team of researchers at Johannes Kepler University has found that the skin of a certain kind of mushroom can be used as a biodegradable （可生物降解的） base for computer chips.In their paper published in the journal Science Advances，the group describes how well it worked and how easily it could be cleanly got rid of after the chip was no longer useful.
Most chips used to make electronic devices are set on a base of plastic.However，unfortunately，the type of plastic used isn't at all recyclable，which means most computer chips end up in landfills （垃圾填埋场） around the world.Previous research has suggested that this leads to 100 million tons of electronic waste added to landfills each year.
After searching for plenty of alternatives，the team in Austria came across Ganoderma lucidum，a type of mushroom that grows on dead hardwood trees.They noted that it grows a skin to cover its root-like part.
After removing some of the skin from several samples，the researchers found that it was flexible and was able to stand high temperatures.They also noted that if kept away from light and wetness，the skin would last a long time.On the other hand，if it were exposed to such conditions intentionally，it would quickly decompose.These are all features that the team thought would make for a very good chip base.
The team developed a means for placing metal electronic components onto the skin.Testing of the result showed that the skin worked nearly as well as the traditional plastic base and that it could remain undamaged after being bent repeatedly.They also found the skin could be used to make battery components.More work is required to ensure that the skin works as hoped in an industrial setting.Also，a clean process for removing the skin from the chips still needs to be found.
12. What do we learn about most computer chips？ ______
A. They end up as electronic waste. B. They are made of plastic.
C. They are easily worn out. D. They can be completely recycled.
13. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about？ ______
A. How researchers carried out tests.
B. What a good chip base was like.
C. Why researchers tested on mushroom skin.
D. What qualities were found about mushroom skin.
14. What follow-up research might researchers do？ ______
A. The skin's potential in the same setting.
B. The skin's performance as battery components.
C. A convenient way to put electronics on the skin.
D. A clean process to get the skin away from chips.
15. What's the writing purpose of the text？ ______
A. To report a new discovery of mushrooms.
B. To picture the future of computer chips.
C. To show the features of mushrooms.
D. To call for nature-friendly computer chips.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
The most successful people all have certain habits in their daily routines.These habits help contribute to their success.Forming a new good habit can be a struggle，but it is well worth the effort.（1） ______
Set your goal.
Before you can begin to work on your new habit，figure out exactly what you hope to accomplish.（2） ______ Make sure that your goal is specific，measurable and realistic to increase your chances of success.
（ 3） ______
It is important to choose the habits that are most likely to help you achieve your goal.After you have set your goal and worked out all the specifics of achieving that goal，identify a habit that is part of achieving that goal.Consider what good habit would help you accomplish that goal.
Consider your motivation.
Once you have identified your goal and the new habit you need to accomplish this goal，then take some time to consider your motivation.（4） ______ It is your good motivation that can help you change from possible failure to certain success with your new habit.
Give yourself time.
Forming a new habit can take a long time.Some people can form a new habit in as little as a few weeks，while other people will take several months.As you work to form your new habit，just keep in mind that it may be a while before it comes true.（5） ______

A.Identify ways to achieve goals.
B.Find the habit you want to form.
C.It is worthwhile to consider your goal.
D.Good habits are sure to make you a success.
E.Try to be patient with yourself as you form your new habit.
F.Here are the four steps you can follow to form good habits.
G.Your motivation is the reason why you want to form this new habit.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Nicholas Bostic was on his way to get gas one night when he saw some flames rising from the front of a house in Lafayette，Indiana.He stepped on his（1） ______ ，turned his car around and pulled into the driveway.Then he（2） ______ he'd left his phone at home and couldn't dial 911.
The（3） ______ man jumped out of his car and tried to（4） ______ another driver，but the person just（5） ______ him，driving away.He ran to the back of the house alone，found an/a（6） ______ door，and rushed inside.All he saw was smoke.
"Anybody here？Get out!Get out!Fire!"Bostic （7） ______ .
He didn't hear any（8） ______ and was about to leave when he saw a/ an（9） ______ at the top of the stairs with some younger kids.Seionna Barrett，18，was babysitting her three（10） ______ while their parents were out.Bostic（11） ______ everyone outside，but then Seinna told him a baby was（12） ______ .He searched（13） ______ for the baby in the next few（14） ______ .Eventually，when he got to the stairs that led downstairs，he heard some weak（15） ______ .The staircase was full of smoke，and the heat seemed（16） ______ ，so he hesitated for a moment before rushing down the stairs.Invisibly，he（17） ______ his breath and followed the crying in the（18） ______ ，until he reached the baby and quickly rushed her out.
（ 19） ______ ，Bostic had saved four girls in under 15 minutes.There's only one way to（20） ______ his devoted deed：courageous and heroic.
21.  A. brake B. car C. seat D. handle
22.  A. examined B. accepted C. realized D. contradicted
23.  A. adequate B. indifferent C. rewarding D. selfless
24.  A. call B. Ask C. stop D. acquire
25.  A. abandoned B. scared C. approached D. declined
26.  A. tiny B. unlocked C. artificial D. wooden
27.  A. replied B. heard C. yelled D. argued
28.  A. response B. request C. proposal D. invitation
29.  A. stranger B. adolescent C. boy D. acquaintance
30.  A. neighbors B. sisters C. brothers D. friends
31.  A. assisted B. persuaded C. hurried D. motivated
32.  A. missing B. sick C. secure D. unsatisfied
33.  A. in doubt B. in place C. in relief D. in vain
34.  A. hours B. weeks C. minutes D. days
35.  A. quarreling B. sighing C. laughing D. weeping
36.  A. unbearable B. unpredictable C. regretful D. fearful
37.  A. took B. had C. lost D. held
38.  A. route B. darkness C. light. D. direction
39.  A. Thankfully B. Casually C. Skillfully D. Hopefully
40.  A. classify B. distinguish C. advocate D. explain
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. About four hundred years ago in the capital of a kingdom，there was a man wanting to fly high in the sky.The man was Leonardo da Vinci，who studied about birds' flight（1） ______ many years.The birds' flight gave him a fresh idea.He decided（2） ______ （make）a pair of wings for himself，just like a bird's wings.After studying（3） ______ （ variety） of birds ' flying patterns again and again，the man（4） ______ （ convince）that it was high time that he should show everyone he could fly.
One afternoon Leonardo da Vinci walked up the（5） ______ （ fame） tower in the middle of the city.Then he stood on the edge of a window，（6） ______ （ open） his wings and steeped off the tower.After several attempts，（7） ______ many people had expected，he flew a long distance and finally landed safely on the other side of the river.Everyone who saw the successful scene burst into（8） ______ （ laugh）.
All the people in the city couldn't be（9） ______ （ delighted） at the man's flight.The king was（10） ______ excited that he even generously offered the man a thousand gold coins as a reward.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ \）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
An activity themed "Student Talent Show"was held last week，thus attracted many students to participate.The activity was lasted from Monday to Saturday，during which time students with special talents signed up，prepared but competed well.The final competition fell on Saturday afternoon，when all the teens and child showed their great talents.Some presented her amazing singing voices when others showed their incredible dancing skills.What impressed us most was the one who danced from a rap music while playing a tongue twister.The activity had impact on everyone.It's entire believed that such an event will not only improve students' ability but also promotes their love of life.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 假如你是李华，不慎在校园里丢失一个书包，内有东西若干。请根据下列提示用英语写一则寻物启事，内容包括：
（1）时间地点；
（2）物品描述；
（3）联系方式。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
LostDear schoolmates，
May I have your attention，please？
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、B、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Where：New Orleans，Louisian部分中的关键句Why：New Orleans is known for its music and foodscene—not to mention the festivals.It has about 130 festivals each year sothere's really no bad time to visit. （新奥尔良以其音乐和美食闻名，更不用说节日了。每年举办约130个节日，这使得它成为游客体验和享受各种节日的好地方。）可知，新奥尔良以各种节日而闻名。故选A项。
（2）细节理解题。由本文Where：Vail，Colorado部分中的关键句Stay at the amazingFour Seasons Resort and Residences Vail to be steps away from Vail Village，apopular spot with cobblestone （鹅卵石） streets for wandering leisurely. （入住令人惊叹的韦尔四季度假村及公寓，距离韦尔村仅几步之遥，韦尔村是鹅卵石街道的热门去处，适合悠闲漫步。）可知，Vail Village为一个适合漫步的热门景点。故选B项。
（3）细节理解题。由本文Where：Hudson Valley，New York部分中的关键句Why：The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go toescape the city's noises when they need a healthy treatment of nature andrelaxation.Just an hour and a half drive north of New York City，the HudsonValley is made up of small，impossibly charming towns，where the air is fresherand things do move slower in the mountains. （原因：哈德逊河谷是纽约人需要健康对待自然和放松的地方，可以避开城市的喧嚣。哈德逊河谷位于纽约市以北仅一个半小时的车程，由迷人的小城镇组成，那里的空气更清新，山上的东西确实变慢了。）可知，哈德逊河谷是纽约人逃离城市喧嚣时寻找自然和放松的好地方。迷人的小镇和新鲜的空气也有助于放慢生活的节奏，这有助于实现内心平静。故选D项。
本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了美国值得一游的三个地方。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】B、B、C、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由第一段中的Sandy took him on road trips during summer breaks throughout his childhood.The exciting experiences of exploring new places inspired him to set a lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents.（桑迪（妈妈）在他童年的暑假里带他去公路旅行。探索新地方的激动人心的经历激励他树立了一个终生的目标：游览所有七大洲。） 可知是科里童年时，妈妈带他去公路旅行的经历让他下定决心访问所有七大洲。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。由第二段中的According to Cory，traveling in a wheelchair requires a wide range of planning and research.Hestarts his research six to twelve months before each trip，making sure that there are accessible transportation options in the location.（科里认为，坐轮椅旅行需要进行广泛的规划和研究。他在每次旅行前的六到十二个月开始他的研究，确保在这个地方有方便的交通选择。），可知科里因为身 体原因要坐轮椅旅行，所以在每次旅行前他研究要去的地方有没有方便的交通选择，可得出科里旅行时最担心的是交通问题。A.Rental fees.租赁费；B.Transportation.运输；C.Accommodation.住宿；D.Local attractions.当地景点。故选B项。
（3）细节理解题。由第四段中的Aiming to promote representation of the wheelchair-using community，Cory and his mother wrote a children's book，titled Let's Explore with Cor Cor，which is about a boy who travels around the world in his powered wheelchair.（为了促进轮椅使用社区的代表性科里和他的母亲写 了一本儿童读物，名为《让我们和CorCor一起探索》，这本书讲述了一个男孩坐着电动轮椅环游世界的故事。） 可知是为了促进轮椅使用社区的代表性，即为了帮助有特殊需要的人（坐轮椅的人），科里和他妈妈才写书分享经历的。A.To enrich online resources.丰富网上资源；B.To record traveling events.记录旅行事件；C.To help people with special needs.帮助有特殊需要的人；D.To introduce wheelchair adventures.介绍轮椅冒险。故选C项。
（4）推理判断题。由第一段中的Cory，aged 30，was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy （ 脊髓性肌萎缩症） at a very young age.Because of his condition，he began using a wheelchair at age 4.（科里今年30岁，在很小的时候就被诊断为脊髓性肌萎缩症。因为他的身体状况，他从4岁开始使用轮椅。）第二段中的He became the first-ever wheelchair user to visit all the seven continents!（他成为有史以来第一个访问所有 七大洲的轮椅使用者! ） 和最后一段Traveling to all seven continents wasn't something I was sure was going to be possible，" he said. "But if you stay determined and keep a positive attitude，the opportunities are limitless." （他说："去所有七大洲旅行并不是我能确定的事。"但如果你保持坚定和积极的态度，机会是无限的。"） 可知科里从小坐轮椅，但因为保持着坚定和积极的态度，他才能完成游览所有七大洲的目标，可得出即使残疾，坚定的心也能帮助人们实现梦想，所以没有什么能阻止一颗坚定的心。故选A项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，从小被诊断为脊髓性肌萎缩症的科里在妈妈的爱护下坐轮椅游览了七大洲，他决定在博客上分享他的旅行知识，帮助其他残疾旅行者像他一样探索世界。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
   我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】（1）词义指代题。根据第二段中In many situations，disagreements are unavoidable.They're part of life.In fact，many people look on them as opportunities to learn. （在许多情况下，分歧是不可避免的。它们是生活的一部分。事实上，许多人将它们视为学习的机会。）可知，划线词所在的句意为"他们这样做事因为试图了解双方的立场。"，so指上文提到的"把分歧当做学习的机会"的做法。A.Ignoring chances to learn.忽视学习机会；B.Knowing more about themselves.更多地了解自己；C.Shaping a right way to see the world.塑造正确的看待世界的方式；D.Making the disagreements a chance to learn.让分歧成为学习的机会。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第一段How did your disagreement end？Were you able to see the issue from the other person's viewpoint？（你们的分歧是如何结束的？你能从对方的角度看问题吗？）及最后一段 Disagreements may be uncomfortable at first.However，when both sides truly try to understand each other，they often find they have more in common than they thought. （分歧起初可能会让人感到不舒服。然而，当双方真正试图相互理解时，他们往往会发现他们的共同点比他们想象的要多。）可知，想要解决分歧，双方都要真正的去理解对方，站在对方的立场上想问题。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段How can you understand both sides of an issue？Often，it's best to start by asking questions. （你如何理解问题的两面？通常，最好从提问开始。）及第四段中When seeking to understand both sides of an issue，it's important to know the difference between facts and opinions. （在寻求了解问题的双方时，重要的是要了解事实和观点之间的区别。）以及最后一段中Disagreements may be uncomfortable at first.However，when both sides truly try to understand each other，they often find they have more in common than they thought. （分歧起初可能会让人感到不舒服。然而，当双方真正试图相互理解时，他们往往会发现他们的共同点比他们想象的要多。）可知，作者认为要想解决分歧，首先从问问题开始，问题具有两面性，通过一步步的讲解推理，认为解决分歧必须去了解对方，站在对方的角度考虑问题。因此，作者通过推理来支持他的观点，故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。该篇文章主要讲了当人们在处理分歧时，应该如何看待和处理它们，通过试图了解双方的观点和分辨事实和观点来寻求解决的方法，因为这可以帮助人们更有效地探索可能的解决方案，并且更有可能使双方的利益得到满足。因此，"C.Let Disagreements Function Well让分歧得到很好的运用"描述了文章的主题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了生活中分歧是不可避免的，要学会理解对方，站在对方的角度考虑问题才能解决分歧。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】A、D、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段However，unfortunately，the type of plastic used isn't at all recyclable，which means most computer chips end up in landfills （垃圾填埋场） around the world.Previous research has suggested that this leads to 100 million tons of electronic waste added to landfills each year.（然而，不幸的是，所使用的塑料类型根本不可回收，这意味着大多数计算机芯片最终都在世界各地的垃圾填埋场。此前的研究表明，这导致每年有1亿吨电子垃圾被添加到垃圾填埋场。）可知大多数计算机芯片最终成为电子垃圾。故选A项。
（2）段落大意题。根据第四段中的主题句These are all features that the team thought would make for a very good chip base.（这些都是团队认为可以构成一个非常好的芯片基础的功能）以及上文中的细节内容可知，该段主要讲述的是研究者发现蘑菇皮具有柔韧性，耐高温等特征。故选D项。
（3）推理判断题。根据第五段中的Also，a clean process for removing the skin from the chips still needs to be found.（此外，仍然需要找到从芯片上去除皮肤的清洁过程）可推知，研究者后期工作需要进一步研究如何通过干净流程从芯片上剥离蘑菇皮。故选D项。
（4）目的意图题。根据文章的首段A team of researchers at Johannes Kepler University has found that the skin of a certain kind of mushroom can be used as a biodegradable base for computer chips.（Johannes Kepler University的一组研究人员发现，某种蘑菇的皮肤可以用作计算机芯片的可生物降解基质）以及后续段落可推知，本文写作目的就是介绍关于蘑菇的新发现，一种蘑菇皮可被用于芯片制作中，因其可以被生物降解。A．To report a new discovery of mushrooms.报道蘑菇的新发现；B．To picture the future of computer chips.描绘计算机芯片的未来；C．To show the features of mushrooms.展示蘑菇的特征；D．To call for nature-friendly computer chips.呼吁环保的电脑芯片。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者关于蘑菇外皮的新发现。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

16~20.【答案】F、C、B、G、E
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据前文Forming a new good habit can be a struggle，but it is well worth the effort. （形成一个新的好习惯可能是一场战斗，但这是值得努力的。）与F项"以下是四种方法可帮你养成良好习惯。"的good habits前后呼应，且为承上启下的句子，故选F项。
（2）推理判断题。根据本段标题Set your goal. （设定你的目标），以及空前Before you can begin to work on your new habit，figure out exactly what you hope to accomplish. （在你开始养成你的新习惯之前，弄清楚你希望完成什么。）可知，在你开始养新惯前先弄清楚你希望达到的目标，与C项"考虑你的目标是值得的。"上下文一致。故选C项。
（3）段落标题题。根据后文It is important to choose the habits that are most likely to help you achieve your goal. （选择最有可能帮助您实现目标的习惯很重要。）可知，选择最有可能帮助你实现目标的习惯是很重要的，与B项"找到你想养成的习惯。"上下文一致。故选B项。
（4）推理判断题。根据本段标题Consider your motivation.（考虑你的动机。）可知，本段与motivation（动机）有关，与G项"你的动机是你想要养成这个新习惯的原因。"上下文一致，故选G项。
（5）推理判断题。根据本段标题Give yourself time. （给自己时间。）及Some people can form a new habit in as little as a few weeks，while other people will take several months.As you work to form your new habit，just keep in mind that it may be a while before it comes true. （有些人可以在短短几周内养成一个新习惯，而另一些人则需要几个月的时间。当你努力养成你的新习惯时，请记住，它可能需要一段时间才能实现。）可知，良好的习惯不是一朝一夕就能养成的，它需要时间，因此在养成良好习惯的过程中要对自己有耐心，与E项"在养成新习惯时，试着对自己保持耐心。"上下文一致，故选E项。
本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了最成功的人在日常生活中都有一定的习惯，养成良好的习惯是很重要的。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~40.【答案】A、C、D、C、D、B、C、A、B、B、A、A、D、C、D、A、D、B、A、D
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.brake刹车；B.car汽车；C.seat座位；D.handle把手，手柄。句意：他踩下刹车，调转车头，把车开进车道。根据上文"He stepped on his"可知是踩刹车。故选A。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.examined检查；B.accepted接受；C.realized意识到；D.contradicted矛盾。句意：然后他意识到他把手机忘在家里了，无法拨打911。根据后文"he'd left his phone at home and couldn't dial 911"指他意识到他把手机忘在家里了，无法拨打911。故选C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.adequate足够的；B.indifferent冷漠的；C.rewarding有益的；D.selfless无私的。句意：这个无私的人跳下车，试图拦下另一个司机，但那个人拒绝了他，开走了。故选D。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.call打电话；B.ask询问；C.stop停止，拦截；D.acquire获得。句意：这个无私的人跳下车，试图拦下另一个司机，但那个人拒绝了他，开走了。根据后文"another driver，but the person just"可知，他试图拦下另一个司机，但那个人拒绝了他，开走了。故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.abandoned抛弃；B.scared害怕；C.approached靠近；D.declined拒绝。句意：这个无私的人跳下车，试图拦下另一个司机，但那个人拒绝了他，开走了。根据后文"driving away"可知，另一个司机拒绝提供帮助。故选D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.tiny小的；B.unlocked没锁的；C.artificial人工的；D.wooden木头的。句意：他一个人跑到房子后面，发现一扇没锁门，就冲了进去。根据后文"door，and rushed inside"可知是通过没锁的门进去的，故选B。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.replied回答；B.heard听见；C.yelled叫喊；D.argued争论。句意："有人在这里吗？快出去！出去！着火了！"Bostic喊道。根据上文"Get out!Get out!Fire!"可知，他在喊叫让人听到。故选C。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.response回答；B.request要求；C.proposal提议；D.invitation邀请。句意：他没有听到任何回应，正要离开，这时他看到一个青少年和一些更小的孩子站在楼梯顶上。根据下文"was about to leave "以及上文他冲着屋子里喊，但没有听到回应。故选A。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.stranger陌生人；B.adolescent青少年；C.boy男孩；D.acquaintance熟人。句意：他没有听到任何回应，正要离开，这时他看到一个青少年和一些更小的孩子站在楼梯顶上。根据后文"Seionna Barrett，18"可知，看到的是青少年Seionna Barrett。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.neighbors邻居；B.sisters姐妹；C.brothers兄弟；D.friends朋友。句意：18岁的Seionna Barrett他们的父母外出时照看三个妹妹。根据后文"Bostic had saved four girls"可知是四个姐妹。故选B。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.assisted帮助；B.persuaded说服；C.hurried匆忙；D.motivated激励。句意：Bostic帮助了每个人出去，但后来Seinna告诉他一个婴儿不见了。根据后文"everyone outside"指帮助这些孩子出去，故选A。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.missing不见的；B.sick生病的；C.secure安全的；D.unsatisfied不满足的。句意：Bostic帮助了每个人出去，但后来Seinna告诉他一个婴儿不见了。根据后文"for the baby"他在房子里找孩子，可知是婴儿不见了。故选A。
（13）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in doubt怀疑地；B.in place在适当的位置；C.in relief安慰地；D.in vain徒劳地。句意：在接下来的几分钟里，他一直在寻找那个婴儿，但没有找到。根据后文"until he reached the baby and quickly rushed her out."可知一开始没有找到，故选D。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.hours小时；B.weeks周；C.minutes分钟；D.days天。句意：在接下来的几分钟里，他一直在寻找那个婴儿，但没有找到。根据后文"Bostic had saved four girls in under 15 minutes."可知是找了几分钟，故选C。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.quarreling争吵；B.sighing叹息；C.laughing笑；D.weeping哭泣。句意：最后，当他走到通往楼下的楼梯上时，他听到了微弱的哭声。根据后文"until he reached the baby and quickly rushed her out"可知是听到了婴儿的哭声。故选D。
（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.unbearable难以忍受的；B.unpredictable无法预测的；C.regretful后悔的；D.fearful恐惧的。句意：楼梯上满是烟，而且热得让人难以忍受，所以他犹豫了一会儿才冲下楼梯。根据上文"The staircase was full of smoke，and the heat seemed"可知，楼梯上满是烟，而且热得让人难以忍受，故选A。
（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.took带走；B.had有；C.lost失去；D.held握住。句意：看不见的情况下，他屏住呼吸，在黑暗中跟着哭声，直到他走到婴儿身边，迅速把她抱了出来。根据后文"his breath"以及上文提到都是烟，所以要屏住呼吸，短语hold one's breath表示"屏住呼吸"。故选D。
（18）考查名词及语境理解。A.route路线；B.darkness黑暗；C.light光线；D.direction方向。句意：看不见的情况下，他屏住呼吸，在黑暗中跟着哭声，直到他走到婴儿身边，迅速把她抱了出来。根据上文"Invisibly"可知，是在黑暗中找婴儿。故选B。
（19）考查副词及语境理解。A.Thankfully感谢地；B.Casually随意地；C.Skillfully熟练地；D.Hopefully有希望地。句意：谢天谢地，Bostic在15分钟内救了四个女孩。根据后文"Bostic had saved four girls in under 15 minutes."可知，Bostic在15分钟内救了四个女孩，是值得庆幸的事。故选A。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.classify分类；B.distinguish区分，使有别于；C.advocate提倡；D.explain解释。句意：只有一种方式来解释他的奉献行为：勇敢和英勇。根据后文"his devoted deed：courageous and heroic."指解释他的奉献行为，故选D。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Nicholas Bostic进入着火的房子里，救出了四个女孩的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

41.【答案】【小题1】for
【小题2】to make
【小题3】varieties
【小题4】was convinced
【小题5】famous
【小题6】opened
【小题7】as
【小题8】laughter
【小题9】more delighted
【小题10】so
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：这个人就是莱昂纳多•达•芬奇，他多年来一直在研究鸟类的飞行。在一段时间前面加介词for，作时间状语，故填for。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：他决定为自己做一对翅膀，就像鸟的翅膀一样。decide to do表示"决定做某事"，故填to make。
（3）考查固定短语。句意：在一次又一次地研究了各种鸟类的飞行模式后，这名男子确信，是时候向所有人展示他会飞了。varieties of表示"各种各样的"，符合句意，故填varieties。
（4）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：在一次又一次地研究了各种鸟类的飞行模式后，这名男子确信，是时候向所有人展示他会飞了。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，主语为the man，且与convince之间是被动关系，故填was convinced。
（5）考查形容词。句意：一天下午，莱昂纳多•达•芬奇走上了市中心那座著名的塔楼。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词tower，故填famous。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：然后，他站在一扇窗户的边缘，张开翅膀，走下了塔楼。结合句意和stood可知，此处用一般过去时，故填opened。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：正如许多人所期望的那样，经过几次尝试，他飞了很长一段距离，最终安全降落在了河的另一边。分析句子可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，表示"正如"，故填as。
（8）考查不可数名词。句意：每个看到成功场面的人都大笑起来。burst into laughter表示"突然大笑起来"，laughter作介词into的宾语，故填laughter。
（9）考查比较级。句意：这个城市的所有人都对这个人的飞行感到无比高兴。否定词+比较级，表示最高级含义，故填more delighted。
（10）考查固定搭配。句意：国王非常兴奋，甚至慷慨地向这个人提供了一千枚金币作为奖励。so...that...表示"如此……以至于"符合句意，故填so。
本文为记叙文，主要讲述了400年前达芬奇通过自己的研究和努力成功飞上天的故事。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

42.【答案】An activity themed ∧"Student Talent Show"was held last week，thus  attracted many students to participate.The activity was lasted from Monday to Saturday，during which time students with special talents signed up，prepared  but competed well.The final competition fell on Saturday afternoon，when all the teens and  child showed their great talents.Some presented  her amazing singing voices  when others showed their incredible dancing skills.What impressed us most was the one who danced  from a rap music while playing a tongue twister.The activity had impact on everyone.It's  entire believed that such an event will not only improve students' ability but also  promotes their love of life.
详解：
1.考查固定短语。句意：上周举办了以"学生才艺表演"为主题的活动，因而吸引了许多学生参与。be themed on"以……为主题"，固定短语，分析可知，此处为过去分词作后置定语，省略了be动词，故在themed后加on。
2.考查现在分词。句意：上周举办了以"学生才艺表演"为主题的活动，因而吸引了许多学生参与。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处应用现在分词形式作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故attracted改为attracting。
3.考查语态。句意：活动从周一持续到周六，在此期间，有特殊才能的学生报名、准备和比赛。last在这里意为"持续"，为不及物动词，没有被动语态，故去掉was。
4.考查连词。句意：活动从周一持续到周六，在此期间，有特殊才能的学生报名、准备和比赛。根据句意可知，signed up，prepared与competed well之间是顺承关系，而非转折关系，故应用and连接，故but改为and。
5.考查可数名词复数。句意：决赛在周六下午举行，所有青少年和孩子们都展示了他们的才华。child"孩子"是可数名词，根据修饰词all"所有的"可知，此处应用其复数形式，故child改为children。
6.考查人称代词。句意：有些人展示了他们惊人的歌声，而另一些人则展示了他们令人难以置信的舞蹈技巧。根据句子主语some可知，此处指一些孩子展示了他们的令人惊叹的歌唱嗓音，故应用their表示"他们的"，故her改为their。
7.考查连词。句意：有些人展示了他们惊人的歌声，而另一些人则展示了他们令人难以置信的舞蹈技巧。根据句意可知，此处应用while表示前后文之间的对比，故when改为while。
8.考查介词。句意：最让我们印象深刻的是那个一边玩绕口令一边随着说唱音乐跳舞的人。根据句意可知，此处表示"随着音乐跳舞"，故应用介词to表示"伴随；随同"，故from改为to。
9.考查副词。句意：我们完全相信这样的活动不仅可以提高学生的能力，还可以促进他们对生活的热爱。分析可知，此处应用副词entirely作状语，修饰动词believed，故entire改为entirely。
10.考查动词原形。句意：我们完全相信这样的活动不仅可以提高学生的能力，还可以促进他们对生活的热爱。分析可知，此处与前面的improve并列作谓语，情态动词will后应接动词原形，故promotes改为promote。
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了上周举办的以"学生才艺表演"为主题的活动。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。

43.【答案】Lost
Dear Schoolmates，
May I have your attention，please？Yesterday，at around 2 pm，I lost my backpack，which I had left in the library，on the school campus.【高分句型一】（时间地点）
The backpack is a black Nike one with a red Swoosh logo，which is quite distinctive.Inside the backpack，there are my textbooks，a laptop，a water bottle，and a calculator that I need urgently for my exams.（物品描述）
If anyone has found my backpack or has any information，please contact me at 12345678 or email me at lihua@email.com，which is my personal email address.I would greatly appreciate your help in returning my lost items，which are of utmost significance to me.【高分句型二】（联系方式）
Thank you very much for your kind attention and assistance!
Best regards， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Yesterday，at around 2 pm，I lost my backpack，which I had left in the library，on the school campus.
翻译：昨天下午2点左右，我把放在图书馆的背包丢在了校园里。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：I would greatly appreciate your help in returning my lost items，which are of utmost significance to me.
翻译：非常感谢您帮助我归还丢失的物品，这些物品对我来说意义重大。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
此类作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。