2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考前必刷卷：英语02卷（人教版2019必修三至选必一）（全解全析）

这是一份2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考前必刷卷：英语02卷（人教版2019必修三至选必一）（全解全析），共20页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第Ⅰ卷两部分，测试范围等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考前必刷卷
英语 全解全析
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．测试范围：必修第三册和选择性必修第一册。
5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共11小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分27. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Let’s take a look at these traditional events in the UK.
World Gurning Championships
Gurning is a British word meaning to pull a funny facial expression. The World Gurning Championships sets out to crown(加冕) a contestant who can pull the strangest face of all. The contest takes place every year in Egremont, Cumbria, as part of the town’s Crab Fair, which dates back to 1267.
Nettle eating contest
Hosted by the Bottle Inn pub in Marsh wood, Dorset every year, this 20-year-old nettle eating contest sees dozens of competitors take part in eating as many nettle stalks(荨麻茎) as possible within one hour. Winners normally eat around 70ft of nettle stalks!
Whittlesea Straw Bear Festival
Every January, the Whittlesea Straw Bear Festival takes place, which dates back more than 200 years. The strange festival consists of a performer wearing a five-stone metal and straw bear costume, while parading through the town streets with a group of Appalachian and Morris dancers.
Wife carrying race
If you think your husband is strong enough to carry you in a race, then you may be in with a chance of winning this odd tradition, held in Dorking, Surrey every March. The sport actually originates from the Viking invasion(入侵) of 793 AD．The tradition wasn’t revived in the UK until 2008, but now comes with a friendlier feel. The winner receives £100, while the carrier of the heaviest wife is given a pound of sausage.
1．What do we know about World Gurning Championships?
A．It was briefly banned. B．It is part of another activity.
C．It attracts funny-looking players. D．It originates from an English word.
2．Which event has the longest history?
A．Wife carrying race. B．Nettle eating contest.
C．Whittlesea Straw Bear Festival. D．World Gurning Championships.
3．What do the listed events have in common?
A．They are held in the wild. B．They are yearly events.
C．They are invented by farmers. D．They’re only for strong players.

【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四项英国的传统活动：世界鬼脸大赛、吃荨麻比赛、Whittlesea草熊节、背妻比赛。
1．细节理解题。根据文章World Gurning Championships部分内容“The contest takes place every year in Egremont, Cumbria, as part of the town’s Crab Fair, which dates back to 1267.(这项比赛每年在坎布里亚郡的伊格蒙特举行，作为镇上螃蟹博览会的一部分，该活动可以追溯到1267年。)”可知，这项比赛是螃蟹博览会的一部分。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章World Gurning Championships部分内容“The contest…which dates back to 1267.(该活动……可以追溯到1267年。)”可知，世界鬼脸大赛可以追溯到1267年；文章Nettle eating contest部分内容“Hosted by the Bottle Inn pub in Marsh wood, Dorset every year, this 20-year-old nettle eating contest…(这场20年前的吃荨麻比赛由多塞特郡马什伍德的Bottle Inn酒吧每年举办………)”可知，吃荨麻比赛追溯到20年前；文章Whittlesea Straw Bear Festival部分内容“Every January, the Whittlesea Straw Bear Festival takes place, which dates back more than 200 years.(每年一月，Whittlesea草熊节都会举行，这个节日可以追溯到200多年前。)”可知，Whittlesea草熊节可以追溯到200多前；文章Wife carrying race部分内容“The sport actually originates from the Viking invasion of 793 AD.(这项运动实际上起源于公元793年维京人的入侵。)”可知，背妻比赛起源于公元793年。由此可知，背妻比赛历史最悠久。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章World Gurning Championships部分内容“The contest takes place every year…(这项比赛每年举行)”，文章Nettle eating contest部分内容“Hosted by the Bottle Inn pub in Marsh wood, Dorset every year, this 20-year-old nettle eating contest…(这场20年前的吃荨麻比赛由多塞特郡马什伍德的Bottle Inn酒吧每年举办……)”，文章Whittlesea Straw Bear Festival部分内容“Every January, the Whittlesea Straw Bear Festival takes place…(每年一月，Whittlesea草熊节都会举行……)”，文章Wife carrying race部分内容“…held in Dorking, Surrey every March(每年三月在萨里郡的多金举行)”可推知，它们的共同点是每年都会举行。故选B项。

B
For decades, scientists and engineers have been working to develop computer programs that can understand and gen crate natural language. This has been a challenging task, but recent advances in machine learning have allowed us to create powerful language models.
The above paragraph was not written by a human. It was generated by a chatbot called ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence technology designed to mimic human conversation and language while drawing upon a vast wealth of knowledge to answer questions and solve problems. What ChatGPT offers seems more capable―and is potentially even more of a threat to jobs―than existing AI chatbot technology.
AI chatbots have been a routine feature of British life for a few years already. Logging onto many companies’ websites today triggers a popup window saying “Hi, I can answer your questions!” Telephoning restaurant chain Cafe Rouge, for example, puts you through to an audio chatbot that can recognize common questions and plays pre-recorded responses.
While ChatGPT is not infallible, Oxford’s Wooldridge compares its output to well-written undergraduate work. For example, when asked “what is artificial general intelligence” the chatbot responds, “It refers to a type of artificial intelligence that is capable of understanding or learning any intellectual task that a human being can, In other words, AGI is a type of A I that is able to perform any cognitive function that a human being can, rather than being limited to a specific set of tasks.” This level of output poses a threat to those at the lower end of the employment market. According to the Office for National Statistics(ONS), around 1.5 million jobs nationwide can be automated away, with those at greatest risk including restaurant waiters，
Those least likely to sec machines taking over their jobs include legal professionals, doctors and university lecturers. Such occupations are classed as highly skilled. The ONS says, “There is not so much that robots are taking over, but that routine and repetitive tasks which can be carried out more quickly and efficiently by an algorithm written by a human, or a machine designed for one specific function.”
The chairman of Parliament’s Business Committee, Darren Jones, hails Chat GPT as the “start of a new trend” in sophisticated AI tech. He says, “It will become common practice to use tools like this at work with time.”
4．What is the function of Chat GPT?
A．To help humans order food from restaurants.
B．To answer questions and solve problems for humans.
C．To automate away all human jobs sooner or later.
D．To accompany human beings by chatting with them.
5．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A．ChatGPT’s output can be compared with undergraduate work.
B．ChatGPT could threaten lower-end jobs potentially.
C．It explains what artificial general intelligence is.
D．It illustrates that Chat GPT is limited to a specific set of tasks.
6．According to this passage, which of the following careers are most likely to be replaced by ChatGPT?
A．Doctors. B．Lawyers.
C．Musicians. D．Warehouse Keepers.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．ChatGPT, a Powerful Chatbot Posing Threats to Lower-End Jobs
B．AGI, a Unique Type of AI Performing Cognitive Function
C．AGI, an Outdated AI Technology Taking Over All Jobs
D．ChatGPT, a Routine Feature of Our Daily Life for Years

【答案】4．B 5．B 6．D 7．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过一段人工智能聊天机器人创作的文章段落介绍了 ChatGPT 的概念以及功能，进而阐述了 ChatGPT 对人类职业方面的影响。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“It was generated by a chatbot called ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence technology designed to mimic human conversation and language while drawing upon a vast wealth of knowledge to answer questions and solve problems.”（它是由一个名为ChatGPT的聊天机器人生成的，这是一种人工智能技术，旨在模仿人类的对话和语言，同时利用大量的知识来回答问题和解决问题。）可知，Chat GPT的功能是为人类回答问题，解决问题。故选B项。
5．主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“While ChatGPT is not infallible, Oxford’s Wooldridge compares its output to well-written undergraduate work.”（虽然ChatGPT并非万无一失，但牛津大学的伍尔德里奇将其输出比作写得很好的本科生作业。）和第四句“This level of output poses a threat to those at the lower end of the employment market.”（这种产出水平对处于就业市场低端的人构成了威胁。）可知，这一段主要讲的是ChatGPT可能会威胁到低端就业岗位。故选B项。
6．推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句“Those least likely to sec machines taking over their jobs include legal professionals, doctors and university lecturers. Such occupations are classed as highly skilled.”（那些最不可能看到机器取代自己工作的人包括法律专业人士、医生和大学讲师。这些职业被归类为高技能职业。）可知，法律专业人士、医生和大学讲师等高技能职业不会被人工智能人取代。由此可推知，而仓库管理员这种例行重复性的工作最有可能被取代。故选D项。
7．主旨大意题。本文通过介绍 ChatGPT 的概念以及功能，进而表达了 ChatGPT 会对人类职业造成影响甚至取代一部分职业的观点。同时，根据第二段最后一句“What ChatGPT offers seems more capable―and is potentially even more of a threat to jobs―than existing AI chatbot technology.”（与现有的人工智能聊天机器人技术相比，ChatGPT提供的功能似乎更强大，对就业的潜在威胁也更大。）可知，A 项“ChatGPT ，一个会对低端工作构成威胁的强大机器人”最适合作为本文标题。故选A项。

C
As AI art generators(生成器)take the world by storm, some people wonder if their works should count as art at all. The technology is still developing and has some wrinkles to iron out, which means there are indeed flaws to consider alongside the incredible artwork a good artificial intelligence can produce.
Art is classed as the product of imagination, skill, experience, and emotion, usually meant to represent something for the public to enjoy. Artists spent time and effort putting their inner worlds onto these works. Machine intelligence also puts a lot of work into sorting through tons of data, linking someone’s prompt to datasets, and trying to represent it as best as possible. The difference is that the AI is driven by commands instead of an emotional desire to express itself.
AI painters can produce over 1,000 original works of art with every tap of the enter key on a keyboard. But a mass-produced print of the Mona Lisa is worth less than the actual Leonardo da Vinci’s painting. Why? Scarcity — there’s only one of the original. Should anyone pay for these things? And if an artist puts AI masterpieces up for sale, what should the price be?
AI art involves a program mimicking(模仿)the work of existing artists to create a new piece according to the request of a human. But who made the artwork, the machine or its user? And can the original artists sue for copyright(版权)violation? Such questions complicate the merging of artificial intelligence and the art industry, while fueling arguments against recognizing AI-generated art as marketable artistic products.
Once we’ve answered those questions, we can tackle the really big one: When an AI-generated painting wins an award, who gets the prize?
8．What does the underlined word“flaws”in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Benefits. B．Advances. C．Weaknesses. D．Standards.
9．How is AI art different from human art?
A．It is the product of experience. B．It costs less money to produce.
C．It combines different styles of work. D．It is not a mirror of humans’ emotions.
10．Why does the writer mention Mona Lisa in the third paragraph?
A．To prove the popularity of classic artworks.
B．To present the potential trouble with the value of AI art.
C．To show the advantages of AI painters over human artists.
D．To introduce a new way of preserving art masterpieces.
11．What can we infer from paragraph 4?
A．AI art promotes the sale of artistic products.
B．AI art makes copyright issues more complicated.
C．Artists can create more works with the help of AI.
D．There will be fierce competition in the art industry.

【答案】8．C 9．D 10．B 11．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是随着AI艺术生成器席卷全球，引发了很多需要解决的问题。
8．词义猜测题。根据首段中的划线单词前的“The technology is still developing and has some wrinkles to iron out,(这项技术仍在发展中，还有一些问题需要解决，)”可知，这相机书在不断发展中，存在这很多的问题，划线单词为which引导的非限制性定语从句中的单词，对主句进行解释，由此可知，该单词的意思应是“瑕疵或者问题”。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The difference is that the AI is driven by commands instead of an emotional desire to express itself.(不同之处在于，AI是由命令驱动的，而不是由表达自己的情感欲望驱动的。)”可知，人类艺术是表达自己的情感欲望，而AI是则是靠程序驱动，由此可知，AI艺术不是人类情感的反应。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“AI painters can produce over 1,000 original works of art with every ta p of the enter key on a keyboard. But a mass-produced print of the Mona Lisa is worth less than the actual Leonardo da Vinci’s painting.(人工智能画家只要按下键盘上的输入键，就能创作出1000多幅原创艺术作品。但是，一幅批量生产的《蒙娜丽莎》版画的价值还不如列奥纳多·达·芬奇的真迹。)”可知，AI画家可以大规模生产原创作品，但是其创作的画作要低于达芬奇的真迹，结合下文中的问题“Why? Scarcity — there’s only one of the original. Should anyone pay for these things? And if an artist puts AI masterpieces up for sale, what should the price be?(为什么？稀缺性——只有一件原件。有人应该为这些东西买单吗？如果一名艺术家将人工智能杰作挂牌出售，价格应该是多少？)”可知，AI艺术创作引发很多问题，由此可以推断，作者提到《蒙娜丽莎》的目的是为了呈现AI艺术价值的潜在问题。故选B项。
11．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But who made the artwork, the machine or its user? And can the original artists sue for copyright(版权)violation? Such questions complicate the merging of artificial intelligence and the art industry, while fueling arguments against recognizing AI-generated art as marketable artistic products.(但是谁创造了艺术品，机器还是它的使用者?原创艺术家可以起诉侵犯版权吗?这些问题使人工智能和艺术产业的融合变得复杂，并助长了反对将人工智能生成的艺术视为可销售艺术产品的争论。)”可知，这些问题使得AI与艺术产业融合变得复杂，也助长了反对AI创作的作品视为可销售艺术产品的争论，由此可推断，AI艺术使得版权问题变得复杂。故选B项。

第二节：（共5小题, 每小题2. 5分, 共12. 5分）
Virtually, there is nothing that man cannot do. Only what he has to do is keep doing and doing without being discouraged. Success will come someday or other, though it may apparently be the conception about something that it cannot be done. ____12____ But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. It is because our life is complicated and tough. And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must ____13____. We can prove this fact when we look at the reality of life and the history of man’s success. Perseverance helps us do what we otherwise would consider impossible to do.
What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little. ____14____ It is only for his undefeated perseverance that’ we have been able to have many inventions and discoveries.
____15____ He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever.
All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. ____16____ If we all are perseverant in whatever we do, we are sure to stand out as a successful nation in the near future.
A．Every action has its reaction.
B．It is a unique precondition to success in life.
C．In human life, perseverance plays a very important role.
D．Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us.
E．Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance.
F．The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy.
G．He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance.

【答案】12．F 13．B 14．G 15．E 16．D

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过列举牛顿、哥伦布的经历，论述了在通向成功的路上坚持不懈的重要性。
12．根据下文“But the reality is that man’s success depends on whether he can do the toughest tasks successfully. (但现实是，人的成功取决于他是否能成功地完成最艰巨的任务)”可知，此处说明人的成功在于完成最难的任务，F项“The task that is easily done at the first attempt is undoubtedly very easy. (第一次尝试容易完成的任务无疑是非常容易的)”与下文为转折关系，话题与tasks的难易有关，故选F项。
13．根据上文“And to succeed in this tough battle, perseverance and hard work are a must. (要在这场艰苦的战斗中取得胜利，毅力和努力是必须的)”可知，此处说明了毅力和努力是人生成功的必要条件，B项“It is a unique precondition to success in life. (这是人生成功的唯一先决条件)”能够衔接上文，B项中的it指代上文中“毅力和努力”这一必要条件，上下文衔接连贯，故选B项。
14．根据上文“What the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton had done by twelve years’ constant hard work was burnt out by his pet dog. But that could not discourage him a little. (世界著名的科学家艾萨克·牛顿爵士经过12年的不懈努力所取得的成果被他的爱犬给毁了。但这丝毫不能使他气馁)”可知，尽管牛顿的12年努力的成果被他的爱犬给毁了，G项“He was able to do it again through years of hard work and perseverance.(通过多年的努力和坚持不懈，他能够再次做到这一点)”能够衔接上文，G项中的He指代上文的the world-famous scientist Sir Isaac Newton，do it again与前文呼应，在又一次的多年努力和坚持下，他取得了成果，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选G项。
15．根据下文“He went through thick and thin to reach his destination after months of the strenuous voyage on the sea. He discovered the way from Spain to America and offered the world a new route of communication with America. This outcome of his perseverance will be generated by the world forever. (经过几个月艰苦的海上航行，他千辛万苦才到达目的地。他发现了从西班牙到美洲的道路，为世界提供了一条与美洲交流的新路线。他坚持不懈的这一成果将永远被世人所铭记)”可知，此处提到的人物是个航海家，E项“Columbus has left us an adventurous story of perseverance. (哥伦布给我们留下了一个坚持不懈的冒险故事)”符合本段语境，下文中的He指代F项中的Columbus，下文阐述了哥伦布的冒险经历以及意义，上下文连贯顺畅，故选E项。
16．根据上文“All the great men in history have written their names in golden letters by means of perseverance. (历史上所有伟人的名字都是用坚韧不拔的毅力写成金字的)”可知，此处说明成就大事业的伟人都具备坚韧不拔的毅力，D项“Their success will always remain as perfect examples to us. (他们的成功将永远是我们的完美榜样)”能够衔接上文，D项中的Their指代上文中的All the great men，上下文衔接连贯，故选D项。

第二部分 语言运用（共三节, 满分45分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A young lady was sitting in her garden under a tree drinking tea. ____17____, something white fell and ____18____ in her drink. It was a cocoon (茧). As the cocoon rumbled (发出隆隆声) in the hot ____19____, she realized that it was made from a long, strong and soft ____20____. She started thinking about how to ____21____ the new material. Does this story sound a bit ____22____? It does remind me of Isaac Newton, having the ____23____ of the law of gravity while sitting under an apple tree after he was ____24____ on the head with a piece of falling fruit.
The story of the young woman and her tea is a popular Chinese legend (传说) about ____25____. When silk was first invented, silk clothing was _____26_____ by the rich people, and it was a status symbol. But over time its use spread and a wider range of social classes _____27_____ wearing silk clothes.
As the production of silk increased, it began to be put into industrial _____28_____ and became a part of musical instruments, fishing lines, even wrap paper and trade business.
Silk was _____29_____ traded and spread all the way from China to India and through Central Asia to the Middle East. It was the longest trade route across land, and it allowed early _____30_____ between Europe and China. Italy became one of the major producers of silk and it’s _____31_____ some of the world’s finest silk cloth is made even today.
17．A．Suddenly B．Fortunately C．Obviously D．Gradually
18．A．disappeared B．hid C．landed D．defended
19．A．air B．tea C．tree D．garden
20．A．creature B．chemical C．plant D．material
21．A．catch hold of B．make use of C．run out of D．drop out of
22．A．familiar B．fascinating C．exciting D．terrible
23．A．report B．record C．picture D．idea
24．A．knocked B．attacked C．touched D．fixed
25．A．industry B．trade C．silk D．clothing
26．A．chosen B．designed C．admired D．charged
27．A．enjoyed B．began C．considered D．admitted
28．A．use B．management C．operation D．standard
29．A．conveniently B．legally C．secretly D．widely
30．A．debate B．contact C．competition D．pressure
31．A．why B．when C．where D．how

【答案】
17．A 18．C 19．B 20．D 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于丝绸的中国传说、丝绸的发展及丝绸之路的作用。
17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，一个白色的东西掉了下来，落在了她的饮品里。A. Suddenly突然；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Obviously明显地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据上文“A young lady was sitting in her garden under a tree drinking tea.”可知，女士正在喝茶，由此可知，白色的东西是突然掉下来的。故选A项。
18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，一个白色的东西掉了下来，落在了她的饮品里。A. disappeared消失；B. hid隐藏；C. landed降落；D. defended防御。根据下文“As the cocoon rumbled (发出隆隆声) in the hot _____”可知，茧在热茶里发出隆隆声，由此可知，茧落在了她的饮品里。故选C项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当茧在热茶中隆隆作响时，她意识到它是由一种长而结实柔软的材料制成的。A. air空气；B. tea茶；C. tree树；D. garden花园。根据上文“A young lady was sitting in her garden under a tree drinking tea.”可知，女士正在喝茶，由此可知，茧落在了她的热茶里，在热茶中隆隆作响。故选B项。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当茧在热茶中隆隆作响时，她意识到它是由一种长而结实柔软的材料制成的。A. creature生物；B. chemical化学制品；C. plant植物；D. material材料。根据下文“She started thinking about how to _____ the new material.”中的“material”可知，她开始思考如何利用这种新材料，由此可知，茧是由一种长而结实柔软的材料制成的。故选D项。
21．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她开始思考如何利用这种新材料。A. catch hold of抓住；B. make use of利用；C. run out of用完；D. drop out of退出。根据下文“The story of the young woman and her tea is a popular Chinese legend (传说) about _____.”可知，这个故事是关于丝绸是如何被发明的，由此可知，她开始思考如何利用这种新材料。故选B项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个故事听起来有点熟悉吗？A. familiar熟悉的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. terrible可怕的。根据下文“Isaac Newton”可知，牛顿是因为掉落的苹果激发了灵感，故事中的女人因为掉落的茧激发了灵感，由此可知，这个故事听起来有点熟悉。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实让我想起了艾萨克·牛顿，他坐在苹果树下时，被一个掉落的水果击中了头部，产生了万有引力定律的想法。A. report报道；B. record记录；C. picture图片；D. idea想法。根据句中“the law of gravity”可知，牛顿被掉落的苹果击中了头部，然后产生了万有引力定律的想法。故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这确实让我想起了艾萨克·牛顿，他坐在苹果树下时，被一个掉落的水果击中了头部，产生了万有引力定律的想法。A. knocked敲，击；B. attacked攻击；C. touched触摸；D. fixed安装。根据句中“Isaac Newton”可知，句中讲述的是牛顿发现万有引力定律的故事，由此可知，故事中苹果掉落，击中了牛顿的头部。故选A项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻女人和她的茶的故事是一个关于丝绸的流行的中国传说。A. industry工业；B. trade贸易；C. silk丝绸；D. clothing服装。根据下文“When silk was first invented”中的“silk”可知，文中介绍了的是关于丝绸的故事，由此可知，句中指一个关于丝绸的中国传说。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：丝绸刚发明时，丝绸服装受到富人的欣赏，是地位的象征。A. chosen选择；B. designed设计；C. admired欣赏；D. charged充电。根据句中“it was a status symbol”可知，丝绸是地位的象征，由此可知，丝绸服装受到富人的欣赏。故选C项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着时间的推移，它的使用范围越来越广，越来越多的社会阶层开始穿丝绸衣服。A. enjoyed享受；B. began开始；C. considered考虑；D. admitted承认。根据句中“But over time its use spread”可知，丝绸的使用范围越来越广，由此可知，越来越多的社会阶层开始穿丝绸衣服。故选B项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着丝绸产量的增加，丝绸开始被投入工业使用，并成为乐器、钓鱼线、甚至包装纸和贸易业务的一部分。A. use使用；B. management管理；C. operation活动，手术；D. standard标准。根据句中“a part of musical instruments, fishing lines”可知，丝绸被用来制作乐器和钓鱼线等，由此可知，丝绸开始被投入工业使用。故选A项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：丝绸贸易广泛，从中国一直传播到印度，并通过中亚传播到中东。A. conveniently方便地；B. legally合法地；C. secretly秘密地；D. widely广泛地。根据句中“from China to India and through Central Asia to the Middle East”可知，丝绸从中国一直传播到印度，并通过中亚传播到中东，由此可知，丝绸贸易广泛。故选D项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是穿越陆地最长的贸易路线，也使欧洲和中国能够尽早联系。A. debate辩论；B. contact联系；C. competition竞争；D. pressure压力。根据句中“It was the longest trade route across land”可知，丝绸之路是穿越陆地最长的贸易路线，由此可知，它使得欧洲和中国取得了早期联系。故选B项。
31．考查表语从句连接词词义辨析。句意：意大利成为丝绸的主要生产国之一，即使在今天，世界上最好的丝绸布也是在这里生产的。A. why为什么；B. when何时；C. where在哪里；D. how怎样。句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故应用“where”引导从句。故选C项。


第二节 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
32．In recent years, ________ (rent) clothes has become an increasingly popular trend among people of all ages.
【答案】renting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，租衣服在各个年龄段的人们中越来越流行。作句子的主语应用动名词形式，故填renting。
33．My physics teacher is my role model, ____________ influence on me has made what I am today.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的物理老师是我的榜样，他对我的影响造就了今天的我。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是My physics teacher，在从句中作定语，用whose引导。故填whose。
34．We offer you a challenging and ________ (reward) career.
【答案】rewarding
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们将为您提供一个具有挑战性和回报丰厚的职业。修饰名词career，应用形容词rewarding，作定语。故填rewarding。
35．Computers are becoming home ________ (apply) nowadays.
【答案】appliance
【详解】考查名词。句意：现在电脑正在成为家用电器。空处应为名词appliance“电器”作表语，此处指电脑这种电器，应用单数形式。故填appliance。
36．Nice to get back to ________ (real).
【答案】reality
【详解】考查名词。句意：回到现实真好。空前to是介词，应用名词reality，作宾语。故填reality。
37．We made a reasonable___________ (assume) that the company would close because of his wrong decision.
【答案】assumption
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们做出了一个合理的假设，认为公司会因为他的错误决定而关闭。此处assume使用名词形式assumption在句子中作宾语，前有不定冠词a，因此assumption使用单数形式。故填assumption。
38．Here are some readers’ accounts to our magazine, ____ which the readers shared their experiences and views about it.
【答案】in
【详解】考查介词。句意：以下是一些读者对我们杂志的描述，读者在其中分享了他们的经历和看法。分析句子可知，此处为介词+关系代词which相当于关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为magazine，which代指magazine，此处表示“在杂志中”应用介词in。故填in。
39．The vegetarian burger was an ________ (innovate) which was rapidly exported to Britain.
【答案】innovation
【详解】考查名词。句意：素食汉堡是一种新食品，很快就传到了英国。结合空前的an可知，空处应填名词作表语，innovation新发明，新方法，可数名词，此处应用单数形式。故填innovation。
40．There are many students who have a ________ (prefer) for painting in our school.
【答案】preference
【详解】考查名词。句意：在我们学校有很多学生喜欢画画。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，且根据空白处前面的不定冠词a可知，空白处应填名词单数，故填preference。
41．Their voice was full of ________ (anxious).
【答案】anxiety
【详解】考查名词。句意：他们的声音满是焦虑不安。空处应填名词作介词of的宾语，anxiety “焦虑”，不可数名词，故填anxiety。
第三节 根据提示翻译句子。（共5小题; 每小题3分, 满分15分）
42．总之，温哥华非常值得一游。（be worth doing）
【答案】In a word, Vancouver is well worth visiting.
【详解】考查固定短语、时态和主谓一致。根据汉语可知，句子为简单句，描述的是一般性的事实，时态用一般现在时。“总之”可用固定短语in a word表达，主语“温哥华”用Vancouver，是单数，结合提示“be worth doing”可知，谓语“非常值得”用is well worth，“一游”用动名词visiting，作worth的宾语。故可翻译为In a word, Vancouver is well worth visiting.。
43．在夏季炎热的下午，我想不出什么东西比一杯冰凉可口的啤酒更好。(nothing+比较级)
【答案】I can think of nothing better than a cup of nice and cold beer on a hot summer afternoon.
【详解】考查时间状语，不可数名词，形容词，比较级，nothing+比较级。“夏季炎热的下午”可翻译为“a hot summer afternoon”。具体的某个下午要用介词on，而不是用in，所以“在夏季炎热的下午”翻译为“on a hot summer afternoon”。“想出什么”翻译为“think of something”，否定结构为“think of nothing”。“比更好”翻译为“better than”。 “一杯”翻译为“a cup of”。“冰凉可口的啤酒” 翻译为“nice and cold beer”，啤酒是不可数名词，不加复数。故翻译为I can think of nothing better than a cup of nice and cold beer on a hot summer afternoon.
44．在我看来，只要正确使用机器人，便能使利大于弊。(as long as)
【答案】In my opinion, the advantages prevail disadvantage as long as we use them properly.
【详解】考查状语从句和介词短语。根据题干要求，需用as soon as意为“一……就……”引导条件状语从句，“在我看来”为固定介词搭配，译为“in my opinion”，“只要正确使用机器人”为条件状语从句，译为“we use them properly”，“便能使利大于弊”为主句，译为“the advantages prevail disadvantage”。故译为In my opinion, the advantages prevail disadvantage as long as we use them properly.
45．作为记者，我们需要以客观的方式来呈现现实。(present)
【答案】As journalists, we need to present the facts in an objective way.
【详解】考查名词和固定短语以及时态。表示“作为记者”短语为as journalists；主语为we，表示“需要”短语为need to do sth.；表示“呈现现实”短语为present the facts；表示“以客观的方式”短语为in an objective way。为一般现在时。故翻译为As journalists, we need to present the facts in an objective way.
46．成功不仅仅在于你做了什么，你没有做什么也同样重要。(depend on)
【答案】Success doesn’t only depend on what you do.What you don’t do is equally important.
【详解】考查固定短语、宾语从句和主语从句。表示“成功”应用名词success，为不可数名词，作主语；表示“不仅仅在于”应用doesn’t only depend on，作谓语，其中depend on为固定短语，意为“依靠”；表示“你做了什么”应用宾语从句what you do，作宾语。表示“你没有做什么”应用主语从句What you don’t do，作主语；因为主语从句作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，且本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，表示“是”应用is，为系动词；表示“也同样重要”应用equally important，作表语。故翻译为：Success doesn’t only depend on what you do. What you don’t do is equally important。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（满分15分）
47．10月16日，中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会在北京胜利召开，今年也是习近平总书记提出“中国梦”十周年。“同心筑梦”是每一个中华儿女的理想和追求。 请以“My dream job”为主题，写一篇英语短文，说一说你对自己梦想的所知所感。
要点：1.你梦想中的工作是什么?
2. 为什么有这样的梦想?
3. 为了实现梦想将如何努力?
注意：词数80词左右
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
My dream job
I have a dream. When I grow up, I want to be an astronaut. I am going to fly into space to see the stars and explore the universe. It is going to be very interesting and meaningful.
The reason why I have this dream is that I like reading books about astronomy and watching documentaries about the universe. The universe is so large and magical. I love it! I also often go to the Beijing Planetarium to see the exhibitions and listen to lectures there.
To realize my dream, I am going to study really hard and do lots of sports to build a knowledgeable mind as well as a strong body. Whenever I meet difficulties, I won’t give up. I will try to overcome them. With all my hard work, I believe my dream will eventually come true.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生以“My dream job”为主题，写一篇英语短文，说一说你对自己梦想的所知所感。
【详解】1.词汇积累
展览：exhibition→show
最终：eventually→finally
实现梦想：realize one’s dream→make one’s dream come true
神奇的：magical→miraculous
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I am going to fly into space to see the stars and explore the universe. It is going to be very interesting and meaningful.
拓展句：I am going to fly into space to see the stars and explore the universe, which is going to be very interesting and meaningful.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When I grow up, I want to be an astronaut. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] To realize my dream, I am going to study really hard and do lots of sports to build a knowledgeable mind as well as a strong body. (运用了不定式作目的状语)

第二节（满分20分）
48．阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 1989, fresh out of high school, I was faced with a difficult choice of a career path before college started in three months. In those days in Pakistan, there were limited choices: becoming a doctor or an engineer, or entering the financial world after getting a business degree. I wasn’t interested in engineering, so that I was left with medicine or business. I couldn’t decide.
My uncle suggested that I do a work placement to experience it for a month in an international company followed by a month in a hospital. After that, I could make a decision. It seemed like a good idea.
I was accepted for a month’s placement at a foreign bank in Karachi. I got a feel for how the world of finance worked, made new friends, and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work environment.
The month passed rapidly, and soon I began working at a leading hospital in Karachi. The experience was quite different. The hospital days started early (at 7 a．m. , compared with 9 a．m. at the bank), and were filled with endless duties. And the night calls! This was crazy, working all day, through the night, and again in the next day.
I began thinking about my two experiences. The bank had offered a more relaxing atmosphere, better working hours and less stress. The hospital had an intense environment, and the studying and training was difficult. It seemed that business was a better choice.
Near the end of my month at the hospital, I was driving home after a very busy night call. In front of me was a public bus, with some boys sitting on the top. As the driver weaved through traffic, I could see the boys shaking from side to side.
注意：
1．续写的词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Suddenly, a boy fell off the back of the bus.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy, all his family got up, with grateful smiles on their faces.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version
Suddenly,_a boy fell off the back of the bus. He hit the road face down and roller over. He lay motionless in the middle of the road as the bus drove away quickly. The cars directly behind the bus braked to avoid the boy, but none stopped. I knew that if the boy was bleeding into his brain, he could die soon. I stopped my car. I lifted his unconscious body into my car with the help of some passers by, and then raced back to the hospital. Since I wasn't allowed into the operation room, I drove home.
The next day, when I went to hospital to see the boy,_all his family got up,_with grateful smiles on their faces. The mother held my hands and started weeping. "Son, you are an angel," she repeated over and over again. After comforting her, I went over to the boy. He managed to smile and squeezed my hand. No words were spoken between us —none were needed. I spent the rest of the day in a state of excitement, the most fabulous mood I had ever experienced. I knew what I wanted to do for the rest of my life.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在毕业后，在叔叔的帮助下分别体验了银行和医院的工作。作者认为银行的工作相对轻松，而医院的工作繁忙且不可预知，因此，他在这两个工作中摇摆不定。有一天，他在一场交通事故中救助了一个受伤的男孩并及时将他送进了医院。在他第二天去看望男孩的时候，男孩的家人非常感激。最后，他明白了自己之后的工作方向。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①第一段首句内容“突然，一个男孩从公共汽车后面掉了下来。”可知，第一段可描写作者如何救助受伤的男孩。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，当我去医院看那个男孩时，他的家人都站了起来，脸上带着感激的微笑。”可知，第二段可描写作者去医院看望男孩，男孩的家人非常感激，作者的心理得到了满足和宽慰，且明确了自己之后的工作方向。
2.续写线索：（男孩的）危机——营救——看望男孩——男孩家人的反应——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①男孩遭遇危机：hit the road/dash against the road
②营救：lift his unconscious body into.../carry his stiff body into...
③停止：stop/pull over
情绪类
①高兴：in a state of excitement/with a sense of excitement
②心情：the most fabulous mood/in high spirits
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I knew that if the boy was bleeding into his brain, he could die soon. （运用that引导宾语从句）
[高分句型2]. No words were spoken between us —none were needed. （被动语态）