2023年山东省临沂市郯城县中考英语一模试卷

这是一份2023年山东省临沂市郯城县中考英语一模试卷，共19页。
2023年山东省临沂市郯城县中考英语一模试卷
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。



A
When I was in Grade 8，I had an argument with my classmate，Tony.I have forgotten what it was about，but I have never forgotten the lesson I learned that day.
I believed I was right，and Tony believed he was.Our headteacher decided to teach us a lesson.She brought us to the front of the class and placed us on both sides of her desk.Between us was a large and round object.I could clearly see it was black.The teacher asked us what color it was. "White，" Tony answered.I couldn't believe that! "Clearly，black!" Then another argument started between us.
The teacher told us to change our position.Then she asked me what color it was.I had to answer， "White!" It was an object with two differently colored sides - from Tony's side it was white，while from mine it was black.From then on，Tony has been my best friend.
So，you see，when we disagree with others，we'd better be in their shoes.
1. What did the teacher decide to do after her students had an argument？ ______
A. To teach the boys a lesson.
B. To tell the boys who was right.
C. To show the boys an object.
2. How did the writer feel when Tony answered "White!"？ ______
A. Worried. B. Afraid. C. Surprised.
3. What does "be in their shoes" in the last paragraph mean？ ______
A. 穿别人的鞋子 B. 换位思考 C. 给别人穿小鞋
B
If you feel stressed at school，what can you do to make yourself happier？Some may eat their favorite food or listen to some music.Others may go for a walk or get some exercise.A new study found another great way to lower students' stress--playing with dogs.
Scientists studied 105 students between the ages of eight and nine.35 trained dogs and their trainers also took part in the test.The children were divided into 3 groups.The students in the first group spent 20 minutes with a dog and its trainer.They watched the trained dogs perform and even played with them.They did this twice a week for 4 weeks.The second group spent the same amount of time（时长） doing exercise to relax.The last group did neither of these things.
During this time，the scientists recorded the students' cortisol levels（皮质醇水平）.Cortisol is a stress hormone（激素）.The more stressed you feel，the more cortisol you will have in your body.What did the scientists find？Both the second and third groups showed rises in cortisol levels.The first group，however，showed no big increase.And the children in this group had the lowest cortisol levels right after playing with the dogs.
According to the study，students enjoy playing with dogs，and it helps them become happier.The stress hormone falls over time this way，which is good for students' health.But here comes the next question：Is 20 minutes of playtime with a dog the best amount of time？Scientists are going to keep working to find out the answer.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
4. Why is the first paragraph written？ ______
A. To lead in the topic.
B. To present the argument.
C. To show the latest research.
5. What made the testing results of the three groups different？ ______
A. The time. B. The age. C. The activity.
6. What may the scientists study next？ ______
A. More useful ways to lower stress.
B. New sills of keeping pets at home.
C. The amount of time to play with a dog.
7. The passage mainly tells us ______ .
A. the more stressed you feel，the more cortisol you will have
B. playing with dogs can help students become happier
C. when you get stressed out，it might affect your body
C
Most children are taught the virtue（美德） of honesty from stories.The well-known story of Pinocchio teaches the importance of telling the truth.Every time Pinocchio lies，his nose grows longer and longer.Another story is about the boy who"cried wolf."In the end，he loses all his sheep and the trust of his fellow villagers because he tells lies many times.These types of stories show children that"honesty is the best policy（为人之道）."Still，if this is the case，then why do so many people lie？The fact is that people lie for many reasons.
One reason people lie is to minimize（减少） a mistake.While it is true that everyone does something wrong from time to time，some people do not have the courage to admit their errors （错误） because they are afraid they will be blamed（受责备）.For example，students might lie to their teachers about unfinished homework.They might say that they left the work at home when，in fact，they did not do the work at all.These students do not want to get in trouble or seem irresponsible，so they make up an excuse-a lie-to save face.
Another reason for lying has to do with self-protection.Parents，particularly those with young children，may teach their children to use this type of"protective"lie in certain circumstances（状况）.What should children do if a stranger calls while the parents are out？Many parents teach their children to explain that their mother and father are too busy to come to the phone at that time.In this situation，protective lying can mean greater safety.
People lie for many reasons，both good and bad.Lying to keep the peace or to stay safe can have positive results.However，lying to stay out of trouble can lead to more trouble in the end.Understanding the motives behind the impulse（冲动） to lie might minimize this habit of lying.
8. What does the underlined word" this"refer to in the passage？ ______
A. Honesty is the best policy.
B. The well-known story of Pinocchio.
C. The story of the boy who"cried wolf".
9. Why do some children lie to their teachers？ ______
A. Because they like making up an excuse.
B. Because they have left the homework at home.
C. Because they are afraid to be blamed at school.
10. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage？（P1=Paragraph 1） ______
A. B.
C.
11. What is the best title for the passage？ ______
A. The Types of Lies B. The Truth behind Lying
C. The Habit of Lying
12. Once upon a time there lived a great storyteller whose stories gave both children and adults a lot of pleasure and enjoyment.He told a story about an emperor who loved new clothes and about a tiny girl who was no taller than a person's thumb（拇指）.
That storyteller's name was Hans Christian Andersen.（1） ______ He wrote more than 150 stories，which are told in many countries.He became the first author to write and publish his own fairy tales.Andersen grew up poor.His father was a shoemaker，and his mother could hardly read.Andersen once said，" （2） ______ " His fairy tale，The Ugly Duckling，about a duckling that is laughed by other animals until it grows up to be a swan（天鹅），was written according to his own experience as a child.His other famous fairy tales include The Little Match Girl，The Daughter of the Sea and The Snow Queen.
Andersen's fans celebrated the anniversary（周年纪念日） of his 200th birthday in 2005.People are told his fairy tales in many countries.They organized different kinds of celebrations to remind people of Andersen and Andersen's fairy tales.
In Denmark，5-foot-tall puppets（木偶） danced in mid-air every night from May until September.In Singapore，the post office published a series（系列） of Andersen stamps.And in Egypt，the library in Alexandria showed Andersen's books，which were translated into 150 languages!In New York City's Central Park，storyteller Ellen Shapiro told The Real Princess to a crowd of children.
"Andersen 's stories have everything，" Shapiro told the reporter. "（3） ______ .I never get tired of them."
Storytellers such as Shapiro love continuing Andersen's tradition.Shapiro doesn't memorize her favorite stories，however.Instead，she learns what happens at the beginning，middle，and end.（4） ______ So no two tellings of a story are exactly alike.

根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A.He was born in Denmark.
B.They are funny and sad and enjoyable.
C.Most of what I have written is a reflection of myself.
D.She changes the words of a story to fit the listeners.
E.He was the first author to write and publish his own fairy tales.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
13.

A.have to B.helpful C.cover D.them E.yourself F.running water
Can anyone be an astronaut？
Of course not.You don't have to have a science degree but most astronauts do.Most of them are pilots too.Life in a spaceship is hard so you must have a healthy body and mind.You need to be easy-going，patient，and（1） ______ to spend so much time in a small space with other people.
What's the training like？
People（2） ______ train for a year to learn how to stay healthy and safe.They practise space walking and living in zero gravity（重力）.They train in difficult conditions to learn how to solve problems and to work in a team.Everyday tasks like eating，washing and sleeping can be difficult on a spaceship.There is no（3） ______ so you have to wash with wet tissues（湿巾）：it's hard to enjoy the dry food that astronauts have to eat.And to sleep you must（4） ______ your eyes because the sun rises every 90 minutes on the International Space Station.You also have to tie （5） ______ to something so you don't fly away!
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
14.

A.a lot of B.put on C.problems D.of E.have headaches F.with
What health（1） ______ do astronauts have？
Life in zero gravity causes changes to our bodies.Bones（骨骼） and muscles（肌肉）become thin and weak so you must do（2） ______ exercise in space to stay fit and to help the heart move blood around your body.Astronauts often get backache because you grow in space- up to 8 centimeters!It's also common to（3） ______ and to feel sick，especially at the beginning.You must have vitamins to take the place（4） ______ fresh fruit and vegetables.But you don't have to（5） ______ sun cream because space suits protect your skin （皮肤）.
Are you still interested？
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
15. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr.Happy always woke up with a sunny smile.He was one of the most cheerful（1） ______ （man） in the world.His smile was even（2） ______ （bright） than the sun.However，he had one secret that made him sad，but nobody knew about it.
Then one day，while going out（3） ______ a walk，Mr.Happy met Miss Beautiful.Mr.Happy smiled as usual and Miss Beautiful smiled back.But then she stopped and looked at Mr Happy（4） ______ （angry）.
"How rude!" she shouted. "Young man，don't you know that you should raise your hat （5） ______ you meet a lady!"
For（6） ______ first time in his life，Mr.Happy lost his smile. "I'm sorry，Miss Beautiful." replied Mr Happy， "But without（7） ______ hat on，I'm not very good-looking and that makes me sad."
"Really？" asked Miss Beautiful. "Well，let me see.I promise（8） ______ （keep） the secret."
Mr.Happy（9） ______ （lift） his hat.He had the total of only three hairs on his head!
"Is that all you're worried about？" asked Miss Beautiful. "Why？Your bright sunny smile（10） ______ （love） by everybody，not how many hairs you have!" Miss Beautiful smiled.
Ever since that day，Mr.Happy hasn't stopped smiling.He is always quick to raise his hat to everyone he meets.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
16. Ladies and gentlemen，
Thank you for coming today to attend the graduation ceremony at No.3 Junior High School.First of all，I'd like to congratulate all the students who are here today.I remember meting all of you when you were just starting Grade 7 at this school You were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge.And yes，some of you were a little difficult to deal with!But today I see a room full of talented young adults who are full of hope for the future.You've all grown up so much and I'm so proud of you.
Although you've all worked very hard over the last three years，none of you did it alone.I hope you'll remember the important people in your lives who helped and supported you – your parents，your teachers and your friends.Please consider what they've done for you and what they mean to you.Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.
Lastly，the end of junior high school is the beginning of a new life.I don't need to tell you that life in senior high school will be harder and that you have many difficult tasks ahead of you.You'll make mistakes along the way，but the key is 10 learn from your mistakes and never give up.But along with difficulties，there will also be many exciting things waiting for you.Behind each door you open are chances to learn new things，and you have the ability to make your own choices.Choose wisely and be responsible for your decisions and actions.Although you have to go your separate ways now，I hope that in a few years' time，you'll come back to visit our school.As you set out on your new journey，you shouldn't forget where you came from.The future is yours.
Good luck and hope to see you again sometime soon!
(1) What kind of text is this passage？
______
(2) What's the topic sentence（中心句） of paragraph 2？
______
(3) What were the students like in Grade 7？
______
(4) When the students say goodbye to junior high，who should they thank and why？
______
(5) How should the students deal with their future？
______
17. Bob：Look，Cindy，here's a school bag!Nobody is here except us. （1） ______ ？
Cindy：I've no idea.It is pink.So it might belong to a girl.Is there anything inside？
Bob：Let me have a look Yes，there is an English book，a notebook and another book，… Wow，Silent Spring...
Cindy：Look，here is a name Lucy in the book. （2） ______ .Let's go and ask her.
Bob：Yeah，she often listens to English songs and she is good at English.By the way，how do you study English？
Cindy：（ 3） ______ .
Bob：Watching English movies is a good way to study English. （4） ______ ？
Cindy：Cartoons.I like movies that have funny dialog.What about you？
Bob：I prefer movies that can make me think.So I like to watch dramas and documentaries.
Cindy：Maybe I should also watch such movies，Oh，look，Lucy is over there.Let's give the schoolbag to her.
Bob：Great!Let's go.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
18. 假如你是李嘉，请阅读下面的邮件，然后根据邮件内容回复。可以适当发挥。
要求：
（ 1）词数80左右，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；
（ 2）语言通顺，条理清楚，书写规范；
（ 3）文中不要出现任何真实人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。

Dear Li Jia，
How's it going？I have good news for you.I will come to China on a student exchange program next month.I really want to learn about some Chinese customs.Could you please tell me how I can behave properly in China？Such as how to greet each other for the first time in China，how to behave politely on the table while eating and so on.
Looking forward to your reply.
Cathy
Dear Cathy，
Thanks for your e-mail.I'm glad to hear that you are coming to China.___________
Looking forward to your coming to China!

Li Jia

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Our headteacher decided to teach us a lesson.（我们的校长决定给我们一个教训。）可知老师打算给孩子们一个教训，故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段The teacher asked us what color it was. "White，" Tony answered.I couldn't believe that! "Clearly，black!" （老师问我们它是什么颜色的。"白色，"Tony回答。我简直不敢相信!"很明显，黑!"）可推知作者感觉很惊讶，故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据第三段It was an object with two differently colored sides - from Tony's side it was white，while from mine it was black.（这是一个有两面颜色不同的物体——从Tony的一面看是白色的，而从我的一面看是黑色的。）以及最后一段So，you see，when we disagree with others，we'd better be in their shoes.（所以，你看，当我们不同意别人的意见时，我们最好站在他们的立场上。）可推知此处是指当意见不一致的时候，要学会换位思考，故选B。
这篇短文主要讲述了作者在八年级时与同学Tony发生争执，最终通过老师的教导，学会了换位思考的重要性。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

4~7.【答案】A、C、C、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段If you feel stressed at school，what can you do to make yourself happier？Some may eat their favorite food or listen to some music.Others may go for a walk or get some exercise.A new study found another great way to lower students' stress--playing with dogs.（如果你在学校感到有压力，你能做些什么让自己更快乐？有些人可能会吃他们最喜欢的食物或听一些音乐。其他人可能会去散步或做一些运动。一项新的研究发现了另一种降低学生压力的好方法--和狗狗玩耍。）可推测，第一段的目的是为了导入话题。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The students in the first group spent 20 minutes with a dog and its trainer.They watched the trained dogs perform and even played with them.They did this twice a week for 4 weeks.The second group spent the same amount of time（时长） doing exercise to relax.The last group did neither of these things.（第一组的学生与一只狗和它的训练员呆了20分钟。他们观看训练有素的狗狗表演，甚至和它们一起玩耍。他们每周做两次，持续4周。第二组花同样的时间做运动来放松。最后一组没有做这两件事。）可知，三组学生所做的活动不同。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段But here comes the next question：Is 20 minutes of playtime with a dog the best amount of time？Scientists are going to keep working to find out the answer.（但接下来的问题是：和狗狗一起玩20分钟是最好的时间吗？科学家们将继续努力寻找答案。）可知，接下来科学家会研究和狗狗玩耍的时间。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据全文信息，尤其是第一段A new study found another great way to lower students' stress--playing with dogs.（一项新的研究发现了另一种降低学生压力的好方法--和狗狗玩耍。）可知，和狗玩耍可以降低学生的压力，因此本文主要告诉我们和狗狗玩耍可以帮助学生变得更快乐。故选B。
本文介绍了一种新的让学生减压的方法--和狗狗一起玩耍。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

8~11.【答案】A、C、A、B
【解析】（1）代词指代题。根据第一段These types of stories show children that"honesty is the best policy（为人之道）."（这些类型的故事向孩子们展示了"诚实才是上策。"）可知，此处"this"指代"诚实才是上策"，因此选A项。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段While it is true that everyone does something wrong from time to time，some people do not have the courage to admit their errors （错误） because they are afraid they will be blamed（受责备）.For example，students might lie to their teachers about unfinished homework.（虽然每个人都时不时地做错事，但有些人没有勇气承认自己的错误，因为他们害怕受到责备。例如，学生可能会在未完成的作业上对老师撒谎。）可知，有些学生对老师撒谎，原因是他们害怕在学校受到责备。故选C。
（3）篇章结构题。根据第一段Most children are taught the virtue（美德） of honesty from stories.The well-known story of Pinocchio teaches the importance of telling the truth.（大多数孩子从故事中被教导诚实的美德。著名的皮诺奇的故事告诉我们讲真话的重要性。）可知，第一段主要介绍了人们撒谎的事实；根据第二段One reason people lie is to minimize（减少） a mistake.（人们说谎的一个原因是为了尽量减少错误。）和第三段Another reason for lying has to do with self-protection.（说谎的另一个原因与自我保护有关。）可知，第二、三段主要解释了人们撒谎的理由；根据第四段People lie for many reasons，both good and bad.Lying to keep the peace or to stay safe can have positive results.However，lying to stay out of trouble can lead to more trouble in the end.Understanding the motives behind the impulse（冲动） to lie might minimize this habit of lying.（人们说谎的原因很多，有好的也有坏的。为了保持和平或安全而撒谎可以产生积极的结果。然而，为了避免麻烦而撒谎最终会导致更多的麻烦。了解说谎冲动背后的动机可能会减少说谎的习惯。）可知，最后一段是总结段，因此本文最好的篇章结构是A项。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据全文信息，尤其是第一段The fact is that people lie for many reasons.（事实上，人们说谎的原因有很多。）可知，本文主要介绍了人们撒谎的原因，因此本文的最佳标题为撒谎背后的真相。故选B。
本文主要介绍了人们撒谎的原因。
通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

12.【答案】【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据前句That storyteller's name was Hans Christian Andersen.（那个讲故事的人名叫汉斯•克里斯蒂安•安徒生。）可知介绍安徒生，结合选项，应说"他出生在丹麦。"故选A。
（2）根据后句His fairy tale，The Ugly Duckling，about a duckling that is laughed by other animals until it grows up to be a swan（天鹅），was written according to his own experience as a child.（他的童话故事《丑小鸭》是根据他小时候的经历写成的，讲的是一只被其他动物嘲笑的小鸭长大成为天鹅的故事。）可知说的是他的故事来源，结合选项，应说"我所写的大部分都是我自己的写照。"故选C。
（3）根据前句"Andersen 's stories have everything，" Shapiro told the reporter. "（"安徒生的故事包罗万象，"夏皮罗告诉记者。）可知说的是记者的评价，结合选项，应说"他们是有趣的，悲伤的和愉快的。"故选B。
（4）根据前句Instead，she learns what happens at the beginning，middle，and end.（（相反，她会学习开头、中间和结尾发生的事情。）可知说的是Shapiro的做法，结合选项，应说"她修改故事中的词句以适应听众。"故选D。
本文主要讲述了安徒生的一些作品。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，保证上下文意思通顺，结合选项选出正确答案。

13.【答案】【小题1】helpful
【小题2】have to
【小题3】running water
【小题4】cover
【小题5】yourself
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：你需要随和、耐心和乐于助人，才能花这么多时间和其他人在一个小空间里。由空前的形容词easy-going，patient和空后并列连词and可知，此处应填形容词helpful，故选：B。
（2）考查固定短语。句意：人们必须训练一年才能学会如何保持健康和安全。have to do sth.必须做某事；此处应填have to ，故选：A。
（3）考查动名词短语。句意：没有自来水，所以你得用湿纸巾洗。句子使用there be句型，其中 be采取就近原则即与其后最近名词在数方面一致，结合空前is，此处应填running water，故选：F。
（4）考查动词。句意：为了睡觉，你必须遮住眼睛，因为太阳在国际空间站每90分钟就会升起一次。由空前的情态动词 must可知，此处应填动词原形cover，故选：C。
（5）考查反身代词。句意：你还必须把自己绑在什么东西上，这样你就不会飞走了！由语境可知，主语与宾语一致，此处应填反身代词yourself，故选：E。
本文主要介绍了成为宇航员的具备条件及训练情况。
解答此类题，关键在于理解，即理解句子的逻辑关系，选择合适的短语或词语。

14.【答案】【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】E
【小题4】D
【小题5】B
【解析】（1）考查名词复数。句意：宇航员有什么健康问题？由下文Bones and muscles become thin and weak （骨骼和肌肉变得又细又弱，）可知，此处是健康问题，空缺处应填problems，故选：C。
（2）考查固定短语。句意：骨骼和肌肉变得又细又弱，所以你必须在太空中做大量的运动来保持健康，帮助心脏在你的身体周围流动血液。a lot of 大量、许多，后跟可数名词复数和不可数名词；结合空后不可数名词exercise，空缺处应填a lot of ，故选：A。
（3）考查动词短语。句意：头痛和感到恶心也很常见，尤其是在刚开始的时候。由空后动词不定式to feel sick（感到恶心）和空后并列连词and，结合空前不定式标志to，空缺处应填have headaches ，故选：E。
（4）考查介词。句意：你必须有维生素来代替新鲜水果和蔬菜。take the place of代替；空缺处应填of，故选：D。
（5）考查动词短语。句意：但你不必涂防晒霜，因为太空服可以保护你的皮肤。have to do sth.不必做某事；空缺处应填put on ，故选：B。
本文主要介绍了宇航员在太空中的健康问题。
根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。

15.【答案】【小题1】men
【小题2】brighter
【小题3】for
【小题4】angrily
【小题5】when
【小题6】the
【小题7】my
【小题8】to keep
【小题9】lifted
【小题10】is loved
【解析】（1）考查名词。句意：他是世界上最快乐的人之一。根据one of the most cheerful （最快乐的人之一。）one of+复数名词，固定搭配，…当中的一个，结合给出的单词提示，可知此处是指他是世界上最快乐的人当中的一个。故填men。
（2）考查形容词比较级。句意：他的笑甚至比太阳还要灿烂。根据" than the sun"所以要用形容词比较级来填空，结合给出的单词提示，可知此处是指他的笑甚至比太阳还要灿烂。故填brighter。
（3）考查介词。句意：然后有一天，在出去散步的时候，Happy先生遇到了Beautiful小姐。根据"while going out， （3）____ a walk，"可知此处是指当我们出去散步的时候，for a walk散步，固定搭配，故填for。
（4）考查副词。句意：但随后她停了下来，愤怒地看着Happy先生。根据"looked at Mr Happy"结合给出的单词提示，所以要用副词来修饰动词短语，可知此处是指生气地看着Mr Happy，故填angrily。
（5）考查连词。句意：年轻人，你不知道当你遇到一位女士时，你应该举起你的帽子吗！根据"语境，when引导的时间状语从句，故填when。
（6）考查冠词。句意：Happy先生有生以来第一次失去了笑容。根据"first time "在序数词前面要用定冠词，可知此处是指在他一生中的第一次，故填the。
（7）考查代词。句意：但如果不戴帽子，我就不怎么好看，这让我很难过。根据空格后面的词语是名词"hat"所以要用形容词性物主代词来填空，结合给出的单词提示，可知此处是指我的帽子没戴着，故填my。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：我保证保守这个秘密。根据"promise"promise to do sth．固定短语，许诺做某事，结合给出的单词提示，可知此处是指我许诺保守秘密，故填to keep。
（9）考查动词时态。句意：Happy先生举起帽子。根据总体时态是一般过去时，所以要用一般过去时来填空，结合给出的单词提示，可知此处是指 Mr Happy举起了他的帽子，故填lifted。
（10）考查动词时态语态。句意：你灿烂阳光的笑容受到每个人的喜爱，而不是你有多少头发！根据"by everybody"可知要用被动语态，又因为是在直接引语中，直接引语中的时态是一般现在时，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态来填空，结合给出的单词提示，可知此处是指你灿烂的微笑受到了每个人的喜欢，故填is loved。
文章主要讲述了快乐先生总是带着灿烂的微笑醒来，他是世界上最快乐的人之一。然而，他有一个秘密，使他难过。后来在美丽小姐的开导下，他终于释怀了，从那天起，快乐先生就没有停止过微笑。
首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处的需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。

16.【答案】【小题1】A speech.
【小题2】Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.
【小题3】They were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge.
【小题4】They should thank their parents，teachers and friends because  they helped and supported them.
【小题5】Choose wisely and be responsible for your decisions and actions.
【解析】（1）文章类型题。根据第一段Thank you for coming today to attend the graduation ceremony at No.3 Junior High School.（谢谢你今天来参加第三初中的毕业典礼。）可知是校长在第三中学做的演讲。故答案为：A speech.
（2）段落大意题。根据第二段Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.（永远不要不感谢身边的人。）可知，第二段主要讲述永远不要不感谢身边的人。）故答案为：Never fail to be thankful to the people around you.
（3）细节理解题。根据第一段I remember meeting all of you when you were just starting Grade 7 at this school.You were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge.（我记得在你们刚上七年级的时候，我见过你们所有人。你们都是如此精力充沛，渴望知识。）可知都是如此精力充沛，渴望知识。故答案为：They were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge.
（4）细节理解题。根据第二段I hope you'll remember the important people in your lives who helped and supported you--your parents，your teachers，your friends.（我希望你能记住生活中帮助和支持你的重要人物——你的父母、老师、朋友。）可知应感谢他们的父母，老师和朋友因为他们在生活中帮助和支持t他们。故答案为：They should thank their parents，teachers and friends because  they helped and supported them.
（5）细节理解题。根据第三段Choose wisely and be responsible for your decisions and actions.（明智地选择，并对自己的决定和行动负责。）可知，未来学生应明智地选择，并对自己的决定和行动负责。故答案为：Choose wisely and be responsible for your decisions and actions.
本文是一篇校长在毕业典礼上的演讲词，文章对同学们的变化和成长给予了总结和肯定，对他们的未来寄予鼓励和厚望，同时也给了他们一些人生道路上的建议。
首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。

17.【答案】【小题1】Whose schoolbag is this
【小题2】It must be Lucy's.
【小题3】By watching English movies
【小题4】What movies do you like
【解析】细节推理题。
（1）根据上句Look，Cindy，here's a school bag!Nobody is here except us（看，辛迪，这是一个书包！除了我们没有人在这里。）可知，此处询问"这是谁的书包？"符合题意，故填Whose schoolbag is this？
（2）根据上句Look，here is a name Lucy in the book（看，书上有个名字叫露西。）以及下句"Let's go and ask her.（我们去问问她吧。）可知，此处应说"它一定是露西的。符合题意，故填It must be Lucy's。
（3）根据问句how do you study English？（你是怎么学英语的？）以及下句Watching English movies is a good way to study English. （看英语电影是学习英语的好方法。）可知，此处应说"通过看英语电影。"符合题意，故填By watching English movies。
（4）根据答句Cartoons.（卡通片。）可知，此处询问"你喜欢什么电影？"符合题意，故填What movies do you like。
这是一则有关招领书包以及如何学好英语的对话。
题目要求选句子补全对话，主要考查学生的语言运用能力及日常交际能力。做题时要根据上下文语境来确定句意，再结合选项选择正确的一项。

18.【答案】Dear Cathy，
   Thanks for your e-mail.I'm glad to hear that you are coming to China.
   Now I'd like to introduce Chinese etiquette to you.In China，when you meet someone for the first time，you should shake hands with him or her.You must use polite language.At dinner time，you should ask elders to have dinner first.Don't talk loudly in public because it is rude. 【高分句型一】You must obey the rules.For example，you have to wait in line to get on the bus. （中国的礼仪）As the saying goes：When in Rome，do as the Romans do.
   Looking forward to your coming to China!
Li Jia
【解析】【高分句型一】
Don't talk loudly in public because it is rude.不要在公共场合大声说话，因为那是粗鲁的。
because引导原因状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I look forward to meeting you soon!期待与您早日见面!
look forward to doing sth期待做某事。
能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。