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江苏省徐州市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份江苏省徐州市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末考试试题（Word版附解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021~2022学年度第二学期期末抽测
高一年级英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Whose drawings will be on display this weekend?
A. Adam’s. B. Dana’s. C. Edison’s.
2. What will the woman do this Friday morning?
A. Meet her father at the airport.
B. Work together with Remy.
C. Switch work with Jim.
3. What will the man probably do with the clothes?
A. Wash them. B. Fold them. C. Dry them.
4. What is wrong with the woman’s computer?
A. The sound. B. The screen. C. The mouse.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a drugstore. B. At school. C. In a hospital.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. A play. B. A TV show. C. A concert.
7. Which will the woman perform first?
A. A sad song, B. A cheerful song. C. An exciting song.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman have to do before taking the class according to the man?
A. Pass another exam.
B. Study harder at physics.
C. Ask her parents for permission.
9. How long will the course last?
A. Two weeks. B. One month. C. Three months.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the woman going to do today?
A. Drive to New York. B. Deliver a parcel. C. Take pictures.
11. When will the speakers leave?
A. At 4:00 p.m. B. At 5:00 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
12. Where will the man put the pictures at the end?
A. In his house.
B. On the seat of the car.
C. In the back of the car.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and secretary.
14. Why does the man want to bring cash in South Africa?
A. He has no credit cards.
B. He doesn’t know how to use bank machines.
C. He finds it’s easier to pay in cash for taxies and food.
15 What is the purpose of the man’s trip to South Africa?
A. Doing business. B. Visiting relatives. C. Going shopping.
16. When will the man leave home tomorrow?
A. At 6:00 a.m. B. At 7:00 a.m. C. At 10:00 a.m.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What time of day is it?
A. Morning. B. Afternoon. C. Evening.
18. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. Scientists. B. Students. C. Workers.
19. What is rest according to the speaker?
A. Taking a break while working hard.
B. Going to bed early.
C. Waking up late.
20. How can rest help study?
A. It makes you sleep well.
B. It makes you stay awake.
C. It makes you remember better.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Most Innovative Libraries Around the World
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use mobile libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Biblioteca Vasconcelos (Mexico)
It is a huge library with towering floors. The inside of the library is more like a massive storage facility than a library. The outside is surrounded by almost acres of lush gardens devoted to plants unique to Mexico.
Beach Library (Bulgaria)
Reading a book on the beach is a classic practice, and in Bulgaria, one library encourages tourists to do just that. The white, weather-resistant shelves lined up not far from the sea feature 6,000 books in 15 languages, so every visitor can enjoy perfect beach read while bathed in the sun’s rays.
Bishan Library (Singapore)
Built in 2006, this library, with glass pods of varying colors, creates a cozy atmosphere for reading throughout the building. At the same time, a more open-plan children’s room on the basement level invites interaction while preventing noise from going upward and disturbing those concentrating on their books.
Seikei University Library (Japan)
Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation. Pritzker Prize-winner Shigeru Ban designed the library with soundproofed walls to respect those who need uninterrupted study, while also encourage other methods of learning like study groups and lively discussions.
1. What do Biblioteca Vasconcelos and Beach Library have in common?
A. Readers use them as a storage house. B. Readers enjoy both nature and knowledge.
C. They put bookshelves in the open air. D. They have features of their own countries.
2. A person with a project to discuss with his follow workers can go to ______.
A. Biblioteca Vaconcelos. B. Beach Library.
C. Biskan Library. D. Seikei University Library.
3. In which section of the magazine can the text be found?
A. Science. B. Travel. C. Entertainment. D. Literature.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些世界上最具创新性的图书馆的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Biblioteca Vasconcelos部分“The outside is surrounded by almost 6 1/2 acres of lush gardens devoted to plants unique to Mexico.(外面被几乎六又二分之一英亩郁郁葱葱的花园围绕，种植墨西哥特有的植物。)”以及Beach Library部分“so every visitor can enjoy perfect beach read while bathed in the sun’s rays. (因此每位游客都可以在阳光下享受完美的海滩阅读)”可知，Biblioteca Vasconcelos与Beach Library的共同之处在于，读者都可以一边读书一边享受自然，即同时享受自然和知识。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Seikei University Library部分“Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation.(图书馆通常以其安静的氛围而闻名，但这家图书馆鼓励对话)”可知，有项目要与员工讨论的人员可以去Seikei University Library。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use mobile libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.(一些图书馆使用独特的建筑来鼓励游客探索书架，集中精力去读一本新书，或者使用移动图书馆将书籍带给难以接触的人群。无论他们如何做到这一点，这些新奇的图书馆都保持着阅读的魔力)”可知，本文主要介绍了一些新奇的图书馆，推测文章出自杂志的文学部分。故选D项。
B
On Thursdays, Charles Dandino becomes the conductor of an unusual kind of train. He leads what he calls a “ bike train, ” a group of cycling co-workers who band together for their 6-mile ride to work in the name of safety, as well as for fun and exercise.
After rising for several years, the percentage of commuters (通勤者) turning to bikes declined for the third year straight. In some cities, the decline was far more serious. In Tampa, Florida, and Cleveland, cycling to work dropped by at least 50 percent.
Experts offered several explanations for the nationwide decrease. Most obviously, lower gas prices and a stronger economy contributed to strong auto sales and less interest in cheaper alternatives, such as mass transit and bikes. The rise of ride-hailing services (叫车服务) such as Uber and electric scooters cut into bike commuting.
Around the country, city transportation officials wish there were more bicyclists like Dondino as they seek to cut traffic jams, promote health and identify alternatives to cars. Federal highway spending on bike and pedestrian-related improvements totaled $915.8 million this year. City officials tried to support bike commuters. Besides new bike lanes and trails, many cities added bike sharing programs, which allow cyclists to rent a bike to ride point-to-point or for the day.
For bike commuters, safety is a top consideration. It was one of the reasons that Dandino created his bicycle train. “ Riding bikes in a group is more thrilling and a joy to do, ” said Dandino. “ On the safety side, it makes us much more visible, and there’s strength in numbers. ”
Barbara Insua also rides regularly with Dandino’s bike train. She said she loved getting a workout on the way to her job. “ Uphill to work. Downhill home, ” she said. “ There are so many wonderful things about biking. ”
4. What was Charles Dandino’s main purpose to create the “ bike train ” ?
A. To protect the environment. B. To reduce gas consuming.
C. To guarantee cyclists’ safety. D. To support the officials.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Reasons for decline of cycling. B. Contributions of a stronger economy.
C. Methods of being bike friendly. D. Explanations for lower gas prices.
6. How do city transport officials support bike commuting?
A. By cutting traffic jams. B. By promoting alternative cars.
C. By building bike lanes. D. By improving public transport.
7. Why does the author mention Barbara Insua?
A. To clarify a novel concept. B. To provide more evidence.
C. To show a different opinion. D. To offer background information.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了骑自行车出行的人数减少及其原因，个人以及城市交通官员做出努力，以支持自行车通勤。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“He leads what he calls a “bike train,” a group of cycling co-workers who band together for their 6-mile ride to work in the name of safety, as well as for fun and exercise.(他领导着一个他称之为“自行车火车”的组织，这是一群同事，他们为了安全、也为了娱乐和锻炼，为了6英里的路程而联合起来骑自行车去工作)”可知，查尔斯·丹迪诺创造“自行车火车”的主要目的是确保骑自行车的人的安全。故选C项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Experts offered several explanations for the nationwide decrease.(专家对全国范围内的下降提供了几种解释)”以及段落内容可知，本段主要介绍了自行车骑行减少的原因。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Besides new bike lanes and trails, many cities added bike sharing programs, which allow cyclists to rent a bike to ride point-to-point or for the day.(除了新的自行车道和小道外，许多城市还增加了自行车共享计划，允许骑自行车的人租一辆自行车点到点或一整天骑行)”可知，城市交通官员修建了新的自行车道，以支持自行车通勤。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She said she loved getting a workout on the way to her job. “Uphill to work. Downhill home,” she said. “There are so many wonderful things about biking.”(她说她喜欢在上班的路上锻炼身体。“上坡上班，下坡回家，”她说。“骑自行车有很多美妙的事情。”)”可知，芭芭拉·因苏阿认为骑自行车对自己有很多益处，所以作者提到芭芭拉·因苏阿是为了提供更多证据证明人们选择自行车的原因。故选B项。
C
Despite being located in a bustling urban part of Huanggang in Hubei, Xiao Yaqin’s apartment block stands out because of its green appearance resulting from being wrapped in green plants. “ It makes me feel very comfortable. When you open the window, fresh air keeps rolling in, ” the 65-year-old said excitedly.
He was one of the first group of residents that recently moved into China’s first “ vertical (垂直的) forest ” residential project, consisting of two 80-meter-tall, 25-story buildings.
The project is the result of cooperation between Easyhome and Italian architect Stefano Boering, often called “ the father of the vertical forest ” . There are 404 trees and 4,620 shrubs (灌木丛) in the vertical forest, which is classified as the “ fourth generation ” of housing. Grasses, flowers and climbing plants cover 2,408m2 of the floor area. The plants are estimated to be capable of absorbing 22 metric tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere per year, while generating 11 tons of oxygen.
However, its development hasn’t been met without doubt. For example, mosquito infestations (感染) are one of the reasons why people are reluctant to move in. The irrigation system required to ensure the survival of the plants in the vertical forest and the need to have gardeners cut the branches mean much higher maintenance costs than in regular buildings.
It is not yet known what the future of fourth-generation housing will be in China, but it has at least brought urban residents a new life experience. Xiao, the retiree, said his new apartment has met his expectations for better quality of life. “ You feel you are close to nature, even if you don’t open the window, ” he said.
8. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By presenting Xiao Yaqin’s example. B. By describing features of the apartment.
C. By imagining Xiao Yaqin’s life. D. By showing the apartment’s popularity.
9. What can we learn about the “ vertical forest ” ?
A. Easyhome designed and built the project.
B. Its plants produce 22 metric tons of oxygen.
C. It faces problems of mosquitoes and high costs.
D. The residents have to look after the plants.
10. What’s the author’s attitude towards the fourth-generation housing?
A. Critical. B. Concerned. C. Supportive. D. Unclear.
11. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To predict the future way of living. B. To introduce a new type of housing.
C. To discuss problems facing residents. D. To advertise the vertical forest project.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍垂直森林式的第四代住房。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Despite being located in a bustling urban part of Huanggang in Hubei, Xiao Yaqin’s apartment block stands out because of its green appearance resulting from being wrapped in green plants. (尽管萧亚琴公寓位于湖北黄冈市繁华的城区，但由于被绿色植物包裹而形成的绿色外观，使其显得格外引人注目)”可知，第一段通过以萧亚琴的公寓为例，而引出全文主题。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“However, its development hasn’t been met without doubt. For example, mosquito infestations are one of the reasons why people are reluctant to move in. The irrigation system required to ensure the survival of the plants in the vertical forest and the need to have gardeners cut the branches mean much higher maintenance costs than in regular buildings.(然而，毫无疑问，它的发展并没有得到满足。例如，蚊子感染是人们不愿搬入的原因之一。确保垂直森林中植物存活所需的灌溉系统，以及园丁修剪树枝的需要，意味着维护成本要比普通建筑高得多)”可知，蚊子和花草保养成本太高是现在这建筑主要面对问题。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“It is not yet known what the future of fourth-generation housing will be in China, but it has at least brought urban residents a new life experience.(目前尚不清楚第四代住宅在中国的未来是什么，但它至少为城市居民带来了新的生活体验)”可知，虽然第四代未来不确定，但是能给人们一种新的体验，所以作者的态度还是积极支持的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第三段“The project is the result of cooperation between Easyhome and Italian architect Stefano Boering, often called “ the father of the vertical forest ” . There are 404 trees and 4,620 shrubs in the vertical forest, which is classified as the “ fourth generation ” of housing. Grasses, flowers and climbing plants cover 2,408m2 of the floor area. (该项目是Easyhome与意大利建筑师Stefano Boering合作的结果，Stefano Boering常被称为“垂直森林之父”。垂直森林中有404株树木和4620株灌木，被归类为“第四代”住房。草、花和攀缘植物占地面积2408m2)”以及联系上下文可知，文章主要介绍一种新型住房——第四代住房。故选B项。
D
Life is noisier than ever before — there are louder and more TVs, speaker, and electronic device notifications in public spaces and open-plan offices. Across Europe, about 450 million people live with noise levels that are dangerous to health. All this has serious effects on our mental health, our physical health, and our ability to generate creative work.
We define “ noise ” as all the unwanted sound and mental stimulation (刺激) that interferes with our ability to make sense of the world and our ability to act upon our intentions. In this sense, noise is more than a nuisance. It’s a primary barrier to being able to identify and carry out solutions to the challenges we face as individuals, organizations, and even whole societies.
So, how can we build cultures that honor the importance of silence? At some organizations, it’s “no email Fridays” or “no meeting Wednesdays.” At others, it’s removing the expectation of being available on electronic devices during weekends or after 5 pm. For some workplaces, a redesign of the work space might help specific kinds of workers get the focus that they need. One solution might be permitting uninterrupted periods of time during the workday. Another might be giving up on the open floor plan and moving the whole office to a new building.
Across our society today, norms of noisiness run deep. In most office cultures, workers are required to stay connected all the time and they have to remain competitive. In many organizations, it’s common to interrupt workers who are absorbed in their work. All these lead to more noises. But there are simple strategies we can employ in order to find our own personal shelters and to slightly change broader cultures. By reclaiming silence in the workplace, we can create the conditions for reducing burnout and improving creative problem solving. Even in an increasingly noisy world, we can be quiet together.
12. What does the underlined word “nuisance” in paragraph 2 man?
A. Difficulty. B. Shock. C. Disappointment. D. Annoyance.
13. What is probably a good way to help create cultures of quiet time?
A. Not sending email on workdays. B. Being available for work on Sundays.
C. Not interrupting workers for some time. D. Designing larger offices for workers.
14. Why is it difficult to build a culture of quiet time?
A. Demands of constant connectivity exist. B. Various office cultures are developing.
C. Workers’ attention is always well valued. D. Personal space is often highly desired.
15. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?
A Noise kills B. Let’s be quiet
C. A noisy culture D. Why to be quiet?
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了噪音对人们造成困扰，我们应采取方式减少噪音，尊重沉默的重要性。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“We define “noise” as all the unwanted sound and mental stimulation (刺激) that interferes with our ability to make sense of the world and our ability to act upon our intentions.(我们将“噪音”定义为所有不必要的声音和精神刺激，这些声音和刺激会干扰我们理解世界的能力和我们按照自己的意图行事的能力)”可知，噪音对人们造成干扰，是一种使人烦恼的东西，推测划线单词表示“使人烦恼的东西”，与annoyance同义。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“One solution might be permitting uninterrupted periods of time during the workday.(一种解决方案可能是在工作日内允许一段不被打扰时间)”可知，一段时间内不打扰工人是帮助创造安静时间文化的好方法。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Across our society today, norms of noisiness run deep. In most office cultures, workers are required to stay connected all the time and they have to remain competitive.(在我们今天的社会中，吵闹的规范根深蒂固。在大多数办公室文化中，员工需要始终保持联系，他们必须保持竞争力)”可知，很难建立一种安静的时间文化是因为存在始终保持联系的需求。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“So, how can we build cultures that honor the importance of silence?(那么，我们如何建立尊重沉默重要性的文化呢？)”以及最后一段“Even in an increasingly noisy world, we can be quiet together.(即使在一个越来越吵闹的世界里，我们也可以一起安静)”可知，本文主要介绍了噪音对人们造成困扰，我们应采取方式减少噪音，保持安静，所以“让我们安静点”可以作为文章标题。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Looking back on my application process, I summarize the things that helped me when applying to Harvard. So continue reading for my top tips!
1. Be yourself.
I followed many “dos and don’ts” at first. However, once I started writing more authentically about myself, I was able to write a better essay. In fact, every part of the application is an opportunity for you to paint a picture for the admissions committee. What matters to you? What do you like to study? What motivates you? What kind of student are you? What responsibilities would you take on in college? ____16____
2. Start early.
____17____ At this time, you have multiple tasks to handle and completing each application requirement will take time. For example, securing a good recommendation letter will be easier if you ask your teachers a month before they are due than if you ask them a few days before a deadline. You must also request transcripts, edit and revise your essays, and keep attending and doing well in your classes! How can you accomplish so many tasks? ____18____
3. ____19____
While you won’t be able to review some elements of your application, like your letters of recommendation, you should sill reflect on what you think your teachers will highlight about you. ____20____ For example, in your personal statement, you might have highlighted one of your life experiences that has shaped you greatly. Is your transcript missing an academic passion that has been significant to you? Where else can you share it? Mapping these experiences and strengths onto different parts of your application is a good strategy, because it helps maximize the often limited word counts of your application.
A. Make a map.
B. Select your experiences.
C. This is especially important during your senior year!
D. So see the application as a chance to show who you are.
E. Therefore provide impressive materials to convince them.
F. I suggest setting concrete goals to accomplish every week.
G. Similarly, think about what you’ll say in each part of your application.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者在申请大学时的过程并且给出了三点建议。
【16题详解】
由空格处位于该段尾可知，为总结本段内容的意思。该段上文“In fact, every part of the application is an opportunity for you to paint a picture for the admissions committee. What matters to you? What do you like to study? What motivates you? What kind of student are you? What responsibilities would you take on in college?”（事实上，申请的每个部分都是你向招生委员会描绘一幅画面的机会。什么对你重要？你喜欢学什么？你的动机是什么？你是哪种类型的学生？你在大学里会承担什么责任？）可知，该段主要讲的是展示自己。结合选项D“So see the application as a chance to show who you are.”（所以，把申请当作一个展示你是谁的机会。）意思一致，为总结该段的内容。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据标题“Start early”（早点开始）以及下文“At this time, you have multiple tasks to handle and completing each application requirement will take time.”（此时，您需要处理多个任务，完成每个申请需求都需要时间。）故可推知，空格处内容为在某个时段非常重要。结合选项C“This is especially important during your senior year!”（这在大四的时候尤其重要！）中的during your senior year指的就是上文At this time。符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“How can you accomplish so many tasks?”（你是怎么完成这么多任务的？）故可推知，下文为给出的建议。结合选项F“I suggest setting concrete goals to accomplish every week.”（我建议每周设定具体的目标。）可知，为对上文补充说明的建议，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【19题详解】
由该题为此段小标题可知，为总结该段的内容。该段下文“While you won’t be able to review some elements of your application, like your letters of recommendation, you should sill reflect on what you think your teachers will highlight about you.”（虽然你不能查看申请材料的某些部分，比如推荐信，但你仍然应该反思你认为老师会突出你的哪些方面。）以及“Mapping these experiences and strengths onto different parts of your application is a good strategy, because it helps maximize the often limited word counts of your application.”（这些经历和优势映射到申请的不同部分是一个很好的策略，因为它有助于最大化利用申请中通常有限的字数。）中的Mapping“映射”，可知，该段主要讲的做相关的映射。结合选项A“Make a map.”（做一个映射）与该段内容吻合。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“While you won’t be able to review some elements of your application, like your letters of recommendation, you should sill reflect on what you think your teachers will highlight about you.”（虽然你不能查看申请材料的某些部分，比如推荐信，但你仍然应该反思你认为老师会突出你的哪些方面。）说明强调，突出申请内容的重要性。以及下文“For example, in your personal statement, you might have highlighted one of your life experiences that has shaped you greatly.”（例如，在你的个人陈述中，你可能会强调一件对你影响很大的人生经历。）具体举出例子，说明在陈述中需要强调什么。故可推知，空格处为：要提供令人印象深刻的材料来说服他们。结合选项E“Therefore provide impressive materials to convince them.”（因此，要提供令人印象深刻的材料来说服他们。）符合此推断内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Auntie Zeny took care of me from the time I was born until I was 15. She didn’t join us for ____21____, eating at a small table attached to the washing machine. I remember lingering around her and wondering why she ate ____22____. She would give me a motherly smile and ____23____ me back to the dining room. They are your parent; I am not, was the ____24____ she seemingly wanted to make clear.
It was ____25____ for me to view Auntie Zeny as anything but a second mother. Whenever my real mother talked to her about not completing certain housework properly, I would ____26____ Auntie Zeny. Every evening before my parents came home, she would patiently listen to me ____27____ about classmates and homework. Then she would comfort me and offer ____28____ in the form of Christian stories. Meanwhile, all her kids had to crowd around the phone once a week, ____29____ to hear their mother’s voice on the other side of the line.
After leaving Hong Kong to attend high school in the USA, and ____30____ university in Canada, I still found myself ____31____ Auntie Zeny. So I flew to visit her in the Philippines. I met some of her kids, now adults. Perhaps due to my guilt for having taken ____32____ away from their mom, I expected that I would be ____33____, but they spoiled (善待) me, serving me big portions at every ____34____ meal!
Now, my parents regularly send some of their allowance to Auntie Zeny to show their ____35____ because she greatly influenced my emotional and moral development.
21. A. talks B. games C. parties D. meals
22. A. separately B. quickly C. secretly D. sadly
23. A. signed B. persuaded C. ordered D. encouraged
24. A. opinion B. solution C. point D. sense
25 A. necessary B. hard C. possible D. important
26. A. ignore B. blame C. leave D. defend
27. A. complain B. talk C. tease D. comment
28. A. explanations B. reasons C. advice D. evidence
29. A. agreeing B. fighting C. claiming D. offering
30. A. basically B. eventually C. briefly D. consequently
31. A. understanding B. missing C. amusing D. praising
32. A. time B. health C. feelings D. savings
33. A. unknown B. unqualified C. unwelcome D. unimportant
34. A. fried B. shared C. healthy D. formal
35. A. admiration B. kindness C. understanding D. appreciation
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者主要通过文章述说对照顾自己的保姆Auntie Zeny的想念之情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有和我们一起吃饭，而是在洗衣机旁的一张小桌子上吃饭。A. talks会谈；B. games游戏；C. parties派对；D. meals一餐。由下文“eating at a small table”可知， Zeny并没有加入我们“就餐” 。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我记得在她身边徘徊，想知道她为什么分开吃。A. separately分开地；B. quickly迅速地；C. secretly秘密地；D. sadly悲伤地。由上文“eating at a small table attached to the washing machine”可知， Zeny并没有加入我们一起吃饭，而是“分别独自” 在洗衣机旁吃饭。故选A项。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会给我一个慈母般的微笑，并示意我回到餐厅。A. signed签名，示意；B. persuaded说服；C. ordered命令；D. encouraged鼓励。由上文“a motherly smile”可知，Zeny只是给我一个微笑，并未说话，所以应是通过动作“示意”我回到餐厅。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们是你的父母；我不是，这是她似乎想要澄清的重点。A. opinion意见；B. solution解决方案；C. point重点；D. sense感觉。由下文“make clear”可知，Zeny想让“我不是你父母”的这一重点清晰表达出来。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，很难把Zeny阿姨看成是第二个母亲以外的任何东西。A. necessary必要的；B. hard困难的；C. possible可能的；D. important重要的。由上文“They are your parent; I am not”可知，Zeny认为自己不是作者的父母，但是对作者来说“很难”不把她当成第二个母亲。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我的亲生母亲跟她说不能正确完成某些家务时，我都会为Zeny阿姨辩护。A. ignore忽视；B. blame指责；C. leave离开；D. defend辩护。由上文“anything but a second mother”可知，作者把Zeny当成自己第二个妈妈，所以当她受到指责时，作者都要站出来为她“辩护”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，在我父母回家之前，她都会耐心地听我抱怨同学和作业。 A. complain投诉，抱怨；B. talk交谈；C. tease取笑；D. comment评论。由下文“comfort me”可知，作者应是在“抱怨”同学和作业，所以才会被安慰。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她会安慰我并以基督教故事的形式提供建议。A. explanations解释；B. reasons理由；C. advice建议；D. evidence证据。由上文“about classmates and homework”可知，作者在抱怨同学和作业，那Zeny应是给作者提供解决这些问题的“建议”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，她所有的孩子每周都得围着电话转一圈，要求要听到电话另一端母亲的声音。A. agreeing同意；B. fighting战斗；C. claiming要求；D. offering提供。由上文“ all her kids had to crowd around the phone once a week”可知，所有她的孩子一周只会和妈妈通一次电话，所以应是尽量多地“要求”听到妈妈的声音。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：离开香港到美国上高中，最后在加拿大上大学后，我发现自己仍然想念Zeny阿姨。A. basically基本上地；B. eventually最终地；C. briefly简要地；D. consequently因此。由上文“high school in the USA”可知，作者在美国上了高中后，“最终”在加拿大上的大学。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开香港到美国上高中，最后在加拿大上大学后，我发现自己仍然想念Zeny阿姨。A. understanding理解；B. missing想念；C. amusing逗乐；D. praising赞扬。由下文“So I flew to visit her in the Philippines.”可知，作者“想念”Zeny，所以飞去看她。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许是因为我对夺走他们妈妈陪他们的时间感到内疚，我原以为我会不受欢迎，但他们宠坏了我，在每顿共享的饭上都给我提供了大量的食物！A. time时间；B. health健康；C. feelings感受；D. savings储蓄。由上文“around the phone once a week”可知，Zeny的孩子一周只会和她通一次电话，所以作者认为是自己夺走了Zeny和孩子相处的时光。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. unknown未知的；B. unqualified不合格的；C. unwelcome不受欢迎的；D. unimportant不重要的。由上文“my guilt”可知，作者内疚自己夺走了Zeny和孩子相处的时光，所以感觉自己会受到她孩子们的“不欢迎”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. fried油炸的；B. shared分享的；C. healthy健康的；D. formal正式的。由上文“ big portions”可知，他们在吃饭“分餐”时，他们会把最大的份额给作者。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我的父母定期给Zeny阿姨寄一些零花钱来表达他们的感激之情，因为她极大地影响了我的情感和道德发展。A. admiration钦佩；B. kindness善良；C. understanding理解；D. appreciation欣赏，感激。由后文“because she greatly influenced my emotional and moral development”可以，由于Zeny塑造了作者，所以作者的父母“感激”她。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Creating arts in the tea cup
You may have seen milk foam (泡沫) poured into a coffee, on which a beautiful pattern appears. But have you seen the art in a cup of tea?
Dian cha is a tea art from the Song Dynasty. ____36____ art begins with pouring water over fine powdered tea, creating a paste and then adding more hot water, ____37____ ( constant ) whisking (搅拌) it by hand with a bamboo whisk. “ It’s like adding bells and whistles to tea and creating a special atmosphere for tea drinking, ” said 40-year-old Han Zheming, a designer ____38____ has been fascinated by dian cha since childhood.
Creating patterns on the tea foam is cautious but quick work. Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes. The ideal state is ____39____ the tea’s temperature is around 40℃ and ready for drinking. It was through trial and error ____40____ Han understood the art of dian cha. “ Usually, it ____41____ ( take ) a year of practice for one to be able to do it, ” Han added.
____42____ ( spread ) dian cha culture, Han put the process of tea-whisking and drawing on ____43____ ( society ) media platforms. Speaking about his understanding of this tea art, Han said the art is “ to increase the beauty ” rather than change the nature of tea. “ As well as poems, calligraphy and paintings that ____44____ ( create ) back then, I want more people to understand the tools ____45____ ( use ) by people to drink tea, and the reasons behind the ways they prepared tea, ” he explained.
【答案】36. The
37. constantly
38. who##that
39. when 40. that
41. takes 42. To spread
43. social 44. were created
45. used
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在茶汤上拉花作画的艺术。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这门艺术开始于将水倒在精细的粉末茶上，制作成糊状，然后加入更多的热水，用竹制搅拌器不断地用手搅拌。由语境可知，这里的art应特指前面 a tea art ，所以应填定冠词the。故填The。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：这门艺术开始于将水倒在精细的粉末茶上，制作成糊状，然后加入更多的热水，用竹制搅拌器不断地用手搅拌。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰后面动词whisk。故填constantly。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：40岁的设计师韩哲明（音译）说，他从小就对点茶着迷。分析句子可知，这是定语从句，先行词 a designer为人，且在从句中充当主语成分。故填who/that。
【39题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：理想状态是茶的温度在40℃左右，可以饮用。由句子分析可知，这是表语从句，再由句意可知，从句中缺时间状语。故填when。
【40题详解】
考查强调句。句意：韩先生是通过反复试验才懂得点茶艺术的。由文章的“it is”以及结合句型分析可知，这里考查强调句，对句子状语 through trial and error 强调。故填that。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：“通常，一个人需要一年的练习才能做到这一点，”韩补充道。由句子分析可知，此空应填谓语动词且应用主动形式，再根据Usually和主语it为第三人称单数可知，此空句子应用一般现在时，take用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。
【42题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了传播点茶文化，韩寒将泡茶和绘画的过程放在社交媒体平台上。由句子分析可知，此空应填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，应填不定式作目的状语。故填To spread。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了传播点茶文化，韩寒将泡茶和绘画的过程放在社交媒体平台上。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词修饰后面名词短语 media platforms。故填social。
【44题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：他解释道：“除了当时创作的诗歌、书法和绘画外，我希望更多的人了解人们喝茶的工具，以及他们制茶方式背后的原因。”由句子分析可知，此空应为定语从句的谓语，先行词poems, calligraphy and paintings 和create为被动关系，且由back then可知时态应用一般过去时。故填were created。
【45题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：他解释道：“除了当时创作的诗歌、书法和绘画外，我希望更多的人了解人们喝茶的工具，以及他们制茶方式背后的原因。”分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词，the tools和use是被动关系，所以应填过去分词作后置定语。故填used。
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分）
第一节应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办“英文诗歌诵读”活动。请给你校外籍学生John写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.发出邀请；
2.活动目的；
3.活动安排。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
How is everything going? I am writing to invite you to attend an activity called English Poetry Reading held by our school’s English Club. The activity will start at 6:30 p.m. this Friday evening in our School Hall.
There will be a variety of wonderful activities that you can’t miss. Not only will you be able to appreciate brilliant reading performances, but also you may participate in some interesting English games in person. In addition, this is also a good chance for you to know some new Chinese friends and talk about Chinese culture with them. I bet you will have great fun here!
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校外籍学生John写封邮件邀请他参加校英语俱乐部将举办“英文诗歌诵读”活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→participate in
享受：appreciate→enjoy
此外：In addition → besides/what’s more
机会：chance→ opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition,this is also a good chance for you to know some new Chinese friends and talk about Chinese culture with them.
拓展句：In addition,this is such a good chance for you that you can know some new Chinese friends and talk about Chinese culture with them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There will be a variety of wonderful activities that you can't miss.（运用了that引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】Not only will you be able to appreciate brilliant reading performances,but also you may participate in some interesting English games in person.（运用了Not only引导的倒装句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As an only child, Nicole Renae often felt lonely in her youth. But that all changed when she turned ten. For her birthday, Renae’s grandmother surprised her with an adorable gray puppy named Chloe. From the very start, the two were inseparable. “She was my best friend,” Renae says. Every ounce of love Renae gave, the little dog returned tenfold. “She was such a sweet dog,” Renae says. “She’d lick your face forever if you didn’t stop her.”
But when Renae was 14, her father got a new job and he’d be working at home, so the house needed to be completely quiet. Chloe barked a lot so they had no choice to give it up to a humane society. Though they were optimistic that the dog would find a new home with people who loved her, they couldn’t know for sure.
In time, Renae got married, and had a child of her own. But her family didn’t feel quite complete. Remembering the joy that having a dog had brought her as a kid, Renae wanted her daughter to experience the same. She decided that she would adopt a puppy, and then one day she saw a post on Facebook about a senior dog that needed a new home. The dog in the photograph looked a lot like Chloe — she was even named Chloe. In an instant it was decided: She would adopt this older dog.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When she met Chloe, Renae found that the dog seemed so familiar.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 When she met Chloe, Renae found that the dog seemed so familiar. And Chloe seems to have the same feeling for Renae. “Chloe ran over and started licking my face,” she said. Chloe reminded Renae of her old dog, and this emotion overwhelmed her. When crying, Renae hoped it was Chloe. After Renae’s mother called the humane society, they knew that Chloe was the very one who accompanied Renae. Renae was overjoyed and felt like she’d won the lottery. “I get so happy to come home and see her,” Renae says.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了蕾妮小时候与小狗克洛伊是好朋友，但是14岁时，由于父亲需要在家里工作，克洛伊不得不被送出去了。蕾妮结婚生子之后，想要为自己的女儿收养一只小狗。蕾妮看到了脸书上的一条帖子说一只老狗需要新家，照片中的狗也叫克洛伊，看起来很像克洛伊，蕾妮决定收养它。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由段落首句内容“当她见到克洛伊时，蕾妮发现这只狗看起来很熟悉。”可知，本段可描写克洛伊和蕾妮见面时的场景，在电话确认之后，蕾妮发现这的确就是曾经陪伴自己的克洛伊，蕾妮非常开心。
2.续写线索：见面——电话确认——开心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：hope/wish/expect
②打电话：call/phone/ring up
③陪伴：accompany/keep sb. company
情绪类
①欣喜若狂：be overjoyed/go wild with joy
②开心的：happy/glad
【点睛】【高分句型1】When crying, Renae hoped it was Chloe.（由连接词when引导时间状语从句的省略，省略that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】After Renae’s mother called the humane society, they knew that Chloe was the very one who accompanied Renae.（由连接词after引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句，who引导限制性定语从句）
2021~2022学年度第二学期期末抽测
高一年级英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Whose drawings will be on display this weekend?
A. Adam’s. B. Dana’s. C. Edison’s.
2. What will the woman do this Friday morning?
A. Meet her father at the airport.
B. Work together with Remy.
C. Switch work with Jim.
3. What will the man probably do with the clothes?
A. Wash them. B. Fold them. C. Dry them.
4. What is wrong with the woman’s computer?
A. The sound. B. The screen. C. The mouse.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a drugstore. B. At school. C. In a hospital.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers probably talking about?
A. A play. B. A TV show. C. A concert.
7. Which will the woman perform first?
A. A sad song, B. A cheerful song. C. An exciting song.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the woman have to do before taking the class according to the man?
A. Pass another exam.
B. Study harder at physics.
C. Ask her parents for permission.
9. How long will the course last?
A. Two weeks. B. One month. C. Three months.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the woman going to do today?
A. Drive to New York. B. Deliver a parcel. C. Take pictures.
11. When will the speakers leave?
A. At 4:00 p.m. B. At 5:00 p.m. C. At 8:00 p.m.
12. Where will the man put the pictures at the end?
A. In his house.
B. On the seat of the car.
C. In the back of the car.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and secretary.
14. Why does the man want to bring cash in South Africa?
A. He has no credit cards.
B. He doesn’t know how to use bank machines.
C. He finds it’s easier to pay in cash for taxies and food.
15 What is the purpose of the man’s trip to South Africa?
A. Doing business. B. Visiting relatives. C. Going shopping.
16. When will the man leave home tomorrow?
A. At 6:00 a.m. B. At 7:00 a.m. C. At 10:00 a.m.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What time of day is it?
A. Morning. B. Afternoon. C. Evening.
18. Who is the speaker talking to?
A. Scientists. B. Students. C. Workers.
19. What is rest according to the speaker?
A. Taking a break while working hard.
B. Going to bed early.
C. Waking up late.
20. How can rest help study?
A. It makes you sleep well.
B. It makes you stay awake.
C. It makes you remember better.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Most Innovative Libraries Around the World
Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use mobile libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.
Biblioteca Vasconcelos (Mexico)
It is a huge library with towering floors. The inside of the library is more like a massive storage facility than a library. The outside is surrounded by almost acres of lush gardens devoted to plants unique to Mexico.
Beach Library (Bulgaria)
Reading a book on the beach is a classic practice, and in Bulgaria, one library encourages tourists to do just that. The white, weather-resistant shelves lined up not far from the sea feature 6,000 books in 15 languages, so every visitor can enjoy perfect beach read while bathed in the sun’s rays.
Bishan Library (Singapore)
Built in 2006, this library, with glass pods of varying colors, creates a cozy atmosphere for reading throughout the building. At the same time, a more open-plan children’s room on the basement level invites interaction while preventing noise from going upward and disturbing those concentrating on their books.
Seikei University Library (Japan)
Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation. Pritzker Prize-winner Shigeru Ban designed the library with soundproofed walls to respect those who need uninterrupted study, while also encourage other methods of learning like study groups and lively discussions.
1. What do Biblioteca Vasconcelos and Beach Library have in common?
A. Readers use them as a storage house. B. Readers enjoy both nature and knowledge.
C. They put bookshelves in the open air. D. They have features of their own countries.
2. A person with a project to discuss with his follow workers can go to ______.
A. Biblioteca Vaconcelos. B. Beach Library.
C. Biskan Library. D. Seikei University Library.
3. In which section of the magazine can the text be found?
A. Science. B. Travel. C. Entertainment. D. Literature.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些世界上最具创新性的图书馆的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Biblioteca Vasconcelos部分“The outside is surrounded by almost 6 1/2 acres of lush gardens devoted to plants unique to Mexico.(外面被几乎六又二分之一英亩郁郁葱葱的花园围绕，种植墨西哥特有的植物。)”以及Beach Library部分“so every visitor can enjoy perfect beach read while bathed in the sun’s rays. (因此每位游客都可以在阳光下享受完美的海滩阅读)”可知，Biblioteca Vasconcelos与Beach Library的共同之处在于，读者都可以一边读书一边享受自然，即同时享受自然和知识。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Seikei University Library部分“Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation.(图书馆通常以其安静的氛围而闻名，但这家图书馆鼓励对话)”可知，有项目要与员工讨论的人员可以去Seikei University Library。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the bookshelves and settle down with a new book, or use mobile libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive.(一些图书馆使用独特的建筑来鼓励游客探索书架，集中精力去读一本新书，或者使用移动图书馆将书籍带给难以接触的人群。无论他们如何做到这一点，这些新奇的图书馆都保持着阅读的魔力)”可知，本文主要介绍了一些新奇的图书馆，推测文章出自杂志的文学部分。故选D项。
B
On Thursdays, Charles Dandino becomes the conductor of an unusual kind of train. He leads what he calls a “ bike train, ” a group of cycling co-workers who band together for their 6-mile ride to work in the name of safety, as well as for fun and exercise.
After rising for several years, the percentage of commuters (通勤者) turning to bikes declined for the third year straight. In some cities, the decline was far more serious. In Tampa, Florida, and Cleveland, cycling to work dropped by at least 50 percent.
Experts offered several explanations for the nationwide decrease. Most obviously, lower gas prices and a stronger economy contributed to strong auto sales and less interest in cheaper alternatives, such as mass transit and bikes. The rise of ride-hailing services (叫车服务) such as Uber and electric scooters cut into bike commuting.
Around the country, city transportation officials wish there were more bicyclists like Dondino as they seek to cut traffic jams, promote health and identify alternatives to cars. Federal highway spending on bike and pedestrian-related improvements totaled $915.8 million this year. City officials tried to support bike commuters. Besides new bike lanes and trails, many cities added bike sharing programs, which allow cyclists to rent a bike to ride point-to-point or for the day.
For bike commuters, safety is a top consideration. It was one of the reasons that Dandino created his bicycle train. “ Riding bikes in a group is more thrilling and a joy to do, ” said Dandino. “ On the safety side, it makes us much more visible, and there’s strength in numbers. ”
Barbara Insua also rides regularly with Dandino’s bike train. She said she loved getting a workout on the way to her job. “ Uphill to work. Downhill home, ” she said. “ There are so many wonderful things about biking. ”
4. What was Charles Dandino’s main purpose to create the “ bike train ” ?
A. To protect the environment. B. To reduce gas consuming.
C. To guarantee cyclists’ safety. D. To support the officials.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A. Reasons for decline of cycling. B. Contributions of a stronger economy.
C. Methods of being bike friendly. D. Explanations for lower gas prices.
6. How do city transport officials support bike commuting?
A. By cutting traffic jams. B. By promoting alternative cars.
C. By building bike lanes. D. By improving public transport.
7. Why does the author mention Barbara Insua?
A. To clarify a novel concept. B. To provide more evidence.
C. To show a different opinion. D. To offer background information.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了骑自行车出行的人数减少及其原因，个人以及城市交通官员做出努力，以支持自行车通勤。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“He leads what he calls a “bike train,” a group of cycling co-workers who band together for their 6-mile ride to work in the name of safety, as well as for fun and exercise.(他领导着一个他称之为“自行车火车”的组织，这是一群同事，他们为了安全、也为了娱乐和锻炼，为了6英里的路程而联合起来骑自行车去工作)”可知，查尔斯·丹迪诺创造“自行车火车”的主要目的是确保骑自行车的人的安全。故选C项。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Experts offered several explanations for the nationwide decrease.(专家对全国范围内的下降提供了几种解释)”以及段落内容可知，本段主要介绍了自行车骑行减少的原因。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Besides new bike lanes and trails, many cities added bike sharing programs, which allow cyclists to rent a bike to ride point-to-point or for the day.(除了新的自行车道和小道外，许多城市还增加了自行车共享计划，允许骑自行车的人租一辆自行车点到点或一整天骑行)”可知，城市交通官员修建了新的自行车道，以支持自行车通勤。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She said she loved getting a workout on the way to her job. “Uphill to work. Downhill home,” she said. “There are so many wonderful things about biking.”(她说她喜欢在上班的路上锻炼身体。“上坡上班，下坡回家，”她说。“骑自行车有很多美妙的事情。”)”可知，芭芭拉·因苏阿认为骑自行车对自己有很多益处，所以作者提到芭芭拉·因苏阿是为了提供更多证据证明人们选择自行车的原因。故选B项。
C
Despite being located in a bustling urban part of Huanggang in Hubei, Xiao Yaqin’s apartment block stands out because of its green appearance resulting from being wrapped in green plants. “ It makes me feel very comfortable. When you open the window, fresh air keeps rolling in, ” the 65-year-old said excitedly.
He was one of the first group of residents that recently moved into China’s first “ vertical (垂直的) forest ” residential project, consisting of two 80-meter-tall, 25-story buildings.
The project is the result of cooperation between Easyhome and Italian architect Stefano Boering, often called “ the father of the vertical forest ” . There are 404 trees and 4,620 shrubs (灌木丛) in the vertical forest, which is classified as the “ fourth generation ” of housing. Grasses, flowers and climbing plants cover 2,408m2 of the floor area. The plants are estimated to be capable of absorbing 22 metric tons of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere per year, while generating 11 tons of oxygen.
However, its development hasn’t been met without doubt. For example, mosquito infestations (感染) are one of the reasons why people are reluctant to move in. The irrigation system required to ensure the survival of the plants in the vertical forest and the need to have gardeners cut the branches mean much higher maintenance costs than in regular buildings.
It is not yet known what the future of fourth-generation housing will be in China, but it has at least brought urban residents a new life experience. Xiao, the retiree, said his new apartment has met his expectations for better quality of life. “ You feel you are close to nature, even if you don’t open the window, ” he said.
8. How does the author introduce the topic?
A. By presenting Xiao Yaqin’s example. B. By describing features of the apartment.
C. By imagining Xiao Yaqin’s life. D. By showing the apartment’s popularity.
9. What can we learn about the “ vertical forest ” ?
A. Easyhome designed and built the project.
B. Its plants produce 22 metric tons of oxygen.
C. It faces problems of mosquitoes and high costs.
D. The residents have to look after the plants.
10. What’s the author’s attitude towards the fourth-generation housing?
A. Critical. B. Concerned. C. Supportive. D. Unclear.
11. What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To predict the future way of living. B. To introduce a new type of housing.
C. To discuss problems facing residents. D. To advertise the vertical forest project.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍垂直森林式的第四代住房。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“Despite being located in a bustling urban part of Huanggang in Hubei, Xiao Yaqin’s apartment block stands out because of its green appearance resulting from being wrapped in green plants. (尽管萧亚琴公寓位于湖北黄冈市繁华的城区，但由于被绿色植物包裹而形成的绿色外观，使其显得格外引人注目)”可知，第一段通过以萧亚琴的公寓为例，而引出全文主题。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“However, its development hasn’t been met without doubt. For example, mosquito infestations are one of the reasons why people are reluctant to move in. The irrigation system required to ensure the survival of the plants in the vertical forest and the need to have gardeners cut the branches mean much higher maintenance costs than in regular buildings.(然而，毫无疑问，它的发展并没有得到满足。例如，蚊子感染是人们不愿搬入的原因之一。确保垂直森林中植物存活所需的灌溉系统，以及园丁修剪树枝的需要，意味着维护成本要比普通建筑高得多)”可知，蚊子和花草保养成本太高是现在这建筑主要面对问题。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“It is not yet known what the future of fourth-generation housing will be in China, but it has at least brought urban residents a new life experience.(目前尚不清楚第四代住宅在中国的未来是什么，但它至少为城市居民带来了新的生活体验)”可知，虽然第四代未来不确定，但是能给人们一种新的体验，所以作者的态度还是积极支持的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第三段“The project is the result of cooperation between Easyhome and Italian architect Stefano Boering, often called “ the father of the vertical forest ” . There are 404 trees and 4,620 shrubs in the vertical forest, which is classified as the “ fourth generation ” of housing. Grasses, flowers and climbing plants cover 2,408m2 of the floor area. (该项目是Easyhome与意大利建筑师Stefano Boering合作的结果，Stefano Boering常被称为“垂直森林之父”。垂直森林中有404株树木和4620株灌木，被归类为“第四代”住房。草、花和攀缘植物占地面积2408m2)”以及联系上下文可知，文章主要介绍一种新型住房——第四代住房。故选B项。
D
Life is noisier than ever before — there are louder and more TVs, speaker, and electronic device notifications in public spaces and open-plan offices. Across Europe, about 450 million people live with noise levels that are dangerous to health. All this has serious effects on our mental health, our physical health, and our ability to generate creative work.
We define “ noise ” as all the unwanted sound and mental stimulation (刺激) that interferes with our ability to make sense of the world and our ability to act upon our intentions. In this sense, noise is more than a nuisance. It’s a primary barrier to being able to identify and carry out solutions to the challenges we face as individuals, organizations, and even whole societies.
So, how can we build cultures that honor the importance of silence? At some organizations, it’s “no email Fridays” or “no meeting Wednesdays.” At others, it’s removing the expectation of being available on electronic devices during weekends or after 5 pm. For some workplaces, a redesign of the work space might help specific kinds of workers get the focus that they need. One solution might be permitting uninterrupted periods of time during the workday. Another might be giving up on the open floor plan and moving the whole office to a new building.
Across our society today, norms of noisiness run deep. In most office cultures, workers are required to stay connected all the time and they have to remain competitive. In many organizations, it’s common to interrupt workers who are absorbed in their work. All these lead to more noises. But there are simple strategies we can employ in order to find our own personal shelters and to slightly change broader cultures. By reclaiming silence in the workplace, we can create the conditions for reducing burnout and improving creative problem solving. Even in an increasingly noisy world, we can be quiet together.
12. What does the underlined word “nuisance” in paragraph 2 man?
A. Difficulty. B. Shock. C. Disappointment. D. Annoyance.
13. What is probably a good way to help create cultures of quiet time?
A. Not sending email on workdays. B. Being available for work on Sundays.
C. Not interrupting workers for some time. D. Designing larger offices for workers.
14. Why is it difficult to build a culture of quiet time?
A. Demands of constant connectivity exist. B. Various office cultures are developing.
C. Workers’ attention is always well valued. D. Personal space is often highly desired.
15. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?
A Noise kills B. Let’s be quiet
C. A noisy culture D. Why to be quiet?
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了噪音对人们造成困扰，我们应采取方式减少噪音，尊重沉默的重要性。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“We define “noise” as all the unwanted sound and mental stimulation (刺激) that interferes with our ability to make sense of the world and our ability to act upon our intentions.(我们将“噪音”定义为所有不必要的声音和精神刺激，这些声音和刺激会干扰我们理解世界的能力和我们按照自己的意图行事的能力)”可知，噪音对人们造成干扰，是一种使人烦恼的东西，推测划线单词表示“使人烦恼的东西”，与annoyance同义。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“One solution might be permitting uninterrupted periods of time during the workday.(一种解决方案可能是在工作日内允许一段不被打扰时间)”可知，一段时间内不打扰工人是帮助创造安静时间文化的好方法。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Across our society today, norms of noisiness run deep. In most office cultures, workers are required to stay connected all the time and they have to remain competitive.(在我们今天的社会中，吵闹的规范根深蒂固。在大多数办公室文化中，员工需要始终保持联系，他们必须保持竞争力)”可知，很难建立一种安静的时间文化是因为存在始终保持联系的需求。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“So, how can we build cultures that honor the importance of silence?(那么，我们如何建立尊重沉默重要性的文化呢？)”以及最后一段“Even in an increasingly noisy world, we can be quiet together.(即使在一个越来越吵闹的世界里，我们也可以一起安静)”可知，本文主要介绍了噪音对人们造成困扰，我们应采取方式减少噪音，保持安静，所以“让我们安静点”可以作为文章标题。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Looking back on my application process, I summarize the things that helped me when applying to Harvard. So continue reading for my top tips!
1. Be yourself.
I followed many “dos and don’ts” at first. However, once I started writing more authentically about myself, I was able to write a better essay. In fact, every part of the application is an opportunity for you to paint a picture for the admissions committee. What matters to you? What do you like to study? What motivates you? What kind of student are you? What responsibilities would you take on in college? ____16____
2. Start early.
____17____ At this time, you have multiple tasks to handle and completing each application requirement will take time. For example, securing a good recommendation letter will be easier if you ask your teachers a month before they are due than if you ask them a few days before a deadline. You must also request transcripts, edit and revise your essays, and keep attending and doing well in your classes! How can you accomplish so many tasks? ____18____
3. ____19____
While you won’t be able to review some elements of your application, like your letters of recommendation, you should sill reflect on what you think your teachers will highlight about you. ____20____ For example, in your personal statement, you might have highlighted one of your life experiences that has shaped you greatly. Is your transcript missing an academic passion that has been significant to you? Where else can you share it? Mapping these experiences and strengths onto different parts of your application is a good strategy, because it helps maximize the often limited word counts of your application.
A. Make a map.
B. Select your experiences.
C. This is especially important during your senior year!
D. So see the application as a chance to show who you are.
E. Therefore provide impressive materials to convince them.
F. I suggest setting concrete goals to accomplish every week.
G. Similarly, think about what you’ll say in each part of your application.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者在申请大学时的过程并且给出了三点建议。
【16题详解】
由空格处位于该段尾可知，为总结本段内容的意思。该段上文“In fact, every part of the application is an opportunity for you to paint a picture for the admissions committee. What matters to you? What do you like to study? What motivates you? What kind of student are you? What responsibilities would you take on in college?”（事实上，申请的每个部分都是你向招生委员会描绘一幅画面的机会。什么对你重要？你喜欢学什么？你的动机是什么？你是哪种类型的学生？你在大学里会承担什么责任？）可知，该段主要讲的是展示自己。结合选项D“So see the application as a chance to show who you are.”（所以，把申请当作一个展示你是谁的机会。）意思一致，为总结该段的内容。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据标题“Start early”（早点开始）以及下文“At this time, you have multiple tasks to handle and completing each application requirement will take time.”（此时，您需要处理多个任务，完成每个申请需求都需要时间。）故可推知，空格处内容为在某个时段非常重要。结合选项C“This is especially important during your senior year!”（这在大四的时候尤其重要！）中的during your senior year指的就是上文At this time。符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“How can you accomplish so many tasks?”（你是怎么完成这么多任务的？）故可推知，下文为给出的建议。结合选项F“I suggest setting concrete goals to accomplish every week.”（我建议每周设定具体的目标。）可知，为对上文补充说明的建议，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【19题详解】
由该题为此段小标题可知，为总结该段的内容。该段下文“While you won’t be able to review some elements of your application, like your letters of recommendation, you should sill reflect on what you think your teachers will highlight about you.”（虽然你不能查看申请材料的某些部分，比如推荐信，但你仍然应该反思你认为老师会突出你的哪些方面。）以及“Mapping these experiences and strengths onto different parts of your application is a good strategy, because it helps maximize the often limited word counts of your application.”（这些经历和优势映射到申请的不同部分是一个很好的策略，因为它有助于最大化利用申请中通常有限的字数。）中的Mapping“映射”，可知，该段主要讲的做相关的映射。结合选项A“Make a map.”（做一个映射）与该段内容吻合。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“While you won’t be able to review some elements of your application, like your letters of recommendation, you should sill reflect on what you think your teachers will highlight about you.”（虽然你不能查看申请材料的某些部分，比如推荐信，但你仍然应该反思你认为老师会突出你的哪些方面。）说明强调，突出申请内容的重要性。以及下文“For example, in your personal statement, you might have highlighted one of your life experiences that has shaped you greatly.”（例如，在你的个人陈述中，你可能会强调一件对你影响很大的人生经历。）具体举出例子，说明在陈述中需要强调什么。故可推知，空格处为：要提供令人印象深刻的材料来说服他们。结合选项E“Therefore provide impressive materials to convince them.”（因此，要提供令人印象深刻的材料来说服他们。）符合此推断内容，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Auntie Zeny took care of me from the time I was born until I was 15. She didn’t join us for ____21____, eating at a small table attached to the washing machine. I remember lingering around her and wondering why she ate ____22____. She would give me a motherly smile and ____23____ me back to the dining room. They are your parent; I am not, was the ____24____ she seemingly wanted to make clear.
It was ____25____ for me to view Auntie Zeny as anything but a second mother. Whenever my real mother talked to her about not completing certain housework properly, I would ____26____ Auntie Zeny. Every evening before my parents came home, she would patiently listen to me ____27____ about classmates and homework. Then she would comfort me and offer ____28____ in the form of Christian stories. Meanwhile, all her kids had to crowd around the phone once a week, ____29____ to hear their mother’s voice on the other side of the line.
After leaving Hong Kong to attend high school in the USA, and ____30____ university in Canada, I still found myself ____31____ Auntie Zeny. So I flew to visit her in the Philippines. I met some of her kids, now adults. Perhaps due to my guilt for having taken ____32____ away from their mom, I expected that I would be ____33____, but they spoiled (善待) me, serving me big portions at every ____34____ meal!
Now, my parents regularly send some of their allowance to Auntie Zeny to show their ____35____ because she greatly influenced my emotional and moral development.
21. A. talks B. games C. parties D. meals
22. A. separately B. quickly C. secretly D. sadly
23. A. signed B. persuaded C. ordered D. encouraged
24. A. opinion B. solution C. point D. sense
25 A. necessary B. hard C. possible D. important
26. A. ignore B. blame C. leave D. defend
27. A. complain B. talk C. tease D. comment
28. A. explanations B. reasons C. advice D. evidence
29. A. agreeing B. fighting C. claiming D. offering
30. A. basically B. eventually C. briefly D. consequently
31. A. understanding B. missing C. amusing D. praising
32. A. time B. health C. feelings D. savings
33. A. unknown B. unqualified C. unwelcome D. unimportant
34. A. fried B. shared C. healthy D. formal
35. A. admiration B. kindness C. understanding D. appreciation
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者主要通过文章述说对照顾自己的保姆Auntie Zeny的想念之情。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有和我们一起吃饭，而是在洗衣机旁的一张小桌子上吃饭。A. talks会谈；B. games游戏；C. parties派对；D. meals一餐。由下文“eating at a small table”可知， Zeny并没有加入我们“就餐” 。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我记得在她身边徘徊，想知道她为什么分开吃。A. separately分开地；B. quickly迅速地；C. secretly秘密地；D. sadly悲伤地。由上文“eating at a small table attached to the washing machine”可知， Zeny并没有加入我们一起吃饭，而是“分别独自” 在洗衣机旁吃饭。故选A项。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会给我一个慈母般的微笑，并示意我回到餐厅。A. signed签名，示意；B. persuaded说服；C. ordered命令；D. encouraged鼓励。由上文“a motherly smile”可知，Zeny只是给我一个微笑，并未说话，所以应是通过动作“示意”我回到餐厅。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们是你的父母；我不是，这是她似乎想要澄清的重点。A. opinion意见；B. solution解决方案；C. point重点；D. sense感觉。由下文“make clear”可知，Zeny想让“我不是你父母”的这一重点清晰表达出来。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，很难把Zeny阿姨看成是第二个母亲以外的任何东西。A. necessary必要的；B. hard困难的；C. possible可能的；D. important重要的。由上文“They are your parent; I am not”可知，Zeny认为自己不是作者的父母，但是对作者来说“很难”不把她当成第二个母亲。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我的亲生母亲跟她说不能正确完成某些家务时，我都会为Zeny阿姨辩护。A. ignore忽视；B. blame指责；C. leave离开；D. defend辩护。由上文“anything but a second mother”可知，作者把Zeny当成自己第二个妈妈，所以当她受到指责时，作者都要站出来为她“辩护”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，在我父母回家之前，她都会耐心地听我抱怨同学和作业。 A. complain投诉，抱怨；B. talk交谈；C. tease取笑；D. comment评论。由下文“comfort me”可知，作者应是在“抱怨”同学和作业，所以才会被安慰。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她会安慰我并以基督教故事的形式提供建议。A. explanations解释；B. reasons理由；C. advice建议；D. evidence证据。由上文“about classmates and homework”可知，作者在抱怨同学和作业，那Zeny应是给作者提供解决这些问题的“建议”。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，她所有的孩子每周都得围着电话转一圈，要求要听到电话另一端母亲的声音。A. agreeing同意；B. fighting战斗；C. claiming要求；D. offering提供。由上文“ all her kids had to crowd around the phone once a week”可知，所有她的孩子一周只会和妈妈通一次电话，所以应是尽量多地“要求”听到妈妈的声音。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：离开香港到美国上高中，最后在加拿大上大学后，我发现自己仍然想念Zeny阿姨。A. basically基本上地；B. eventually最终地；C. briefly简要地；D. consequently因此。由上文“high school in the USA”可知，作者在美国上了高中后，“最终”在加拿大上的大学。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：离开香港到美国上高中，最后在加拿大上大学后，我发现自己仍然想念Zeny阿姨。A. understanding理解；B. missing想念；C. amusing逗乐；D. praising赞扬。由下文“So I flew to visit her in the Philippines.”可知，作者“想念”Zeny，所以飞去看她。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许是因为我对夺走他们妈妈陪他们的时间感到内疚，我原以为我会不受欢迎，但他们宠坏了我，在每顿共享的饭上都给我提供了大量的食物！A. time时间；B. health健康；C. feelings感受；D. savings储蓄。由上文“around the phone once a week”可知，Zeny的孩子一周只会和她通一次电话，所以作者认为是自己夺走了Zeny和孩子相处的时光。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. unknown未知的；B. unqualified不合格的；C. unwelcome不受欢迎的；D. unimportant不重要的。由上文“my guilt”可知，作者内疚自己夺走了Zeny和孩子相处的时光，所以感觉自己会受到她孩子们的“不欢迎”。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. fried油炸的；B. shared分享的；C. healthy健康的；D. formal正式的。由上文“ big portions”可知，他们在吃饭“分餐”时，他们会把最大的份额给作者。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我的父母定期给Zeny阿姨寄一些零花钱来表达他们的感激之情，因为她极大地影响了我的情感和道德发展。A. admiration钦佩；B. kindness善良；C. understanding理解；D. appreciation欣赏，感激。由后文“because she greatly influenced my emotional and moral development”可以，由于Zeny塑造了作者，所以作者的父母“感激”她。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Creating arts in the tea cup
You may have seen milk foam (泡沫) poured into a coffee, on which a beautiful pattern appears. But have you seen the art in a cup of tea?
Dian cha is a tea art from the Song Dynasty. ____36____ art begins with pouring water over fine powdered tea, creating a paste and then adding more hot water, ____37____ ( constant ) whisking (搅拌) it by hand with a bamboo whisk. “ It’s like adding bells and whistles to tea and creating a special atmosphere for tea drinking, ” said 40-year-old Han Zheming, a designer ____38____ has been fascinated by dian cha since childhood.
Creating patterns on the tea foam is cautious but quick work. Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes. The ideal state is ____39____ the tea’s temperature is around 40℃ and ready for drinking. It was through trial and error ____40____ Han understood the art of dian cha. “ Usually, it ____41____ ( take ) a year of practice for one to be able to do it, ” Han added.
____42____ ( spread ) dian cha culture, Han put the process of tea-whisking and drawing on ____43____ ( society ) media platforms. Speaking about his understanding of this tea art, Han said the art is “ to increase the beauty ” rather than change the nature of tea. “ As well as poems, calligraphy and paintings that ____44____ ( create ) back then, I want more people to understand the tools ____45____ ( use ) by people to drink tea, and the reasons behind the ways they prepared tea, ” he explained.
【答案】36. The
37. constantly
38. who##that
39. when 40. that
41. takes 42. To spread
43. social 44. were created
45. used
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在茶汤上拉花作画的艺术。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这门艺术开始于将水倒在精细的粉末茶上，制作成糊状，然后加入更多的热水，用竹制搅拌器不断地用手搅拌。由语境可知，这里的art应特指前面 a tea art ，所以应填定冠词the。故填The。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：这门艺术开始于将水倒在精细的粉末茶上，制作成糊状，然后加入更多的热水，用竹制搅拌器不断地用手搅拌。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰后面动词whisk。故填constantly。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：40岁的设计师韩哲明（音译）说，他从小就对点茶着迷。分析句子可知，这是定语从句，先行词 a designer为人，且在从句中充当主语成分。故填who/that。
【39题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：理想状态是茶的温度在40℃左右，可以饮用。由句子分析可知，这是表语从句，再由句意可知，从句中缺时间状语。故填when。
【40题详解】
考查强调句。句意：韩先生是通过反复试验才懂得点茶艺术的。由文章的“it is”以及结合句型分析可知，这里考查强调句，对句子状语 through trial and error 强调。故填that。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：“通常，一个人需要一年的练习才能做到这一点，”韩补充道。由句子分析可知，此空应填谓语动词且应用主动形式，再根据Usually和主语it为第三人称单数可知，此空句子应用一般现在时，take用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。
【42题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了传播点茶文化，韩寒将泡茶和绘画的过程放在社交媒体平台上。由句子分析可知，此空应填非谓语动词，再根据句意可知，应填不定式作目的状语。故填To spread。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了传播点茶文化，韩寒将泡茶和绘画的过程放在社交媒体平台上。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词修饰后面名词短语 media platforms。故填social。
【44题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：他解释道：“除了当时创作的诗歌、书法和绘画外，我希望更多的人了解人们喝茶的工具，以及他们制茶方式背后的原因。”由句子分析可知，此空应为定语从句的谓语，先行词poems, calligraphy and paintings 和create为被动关系，且由back then可知时态应用一般过去时。故填were created。
【45题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：他解释道：“除了当时创作的诗歌、书法和绘画外，我希望更多的人了解人们喝茶的工具，以及他们制茶方式背后的原因。”分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语动词，the tools和use是被动关系，所以应填过去分词作后置定语。故填used。
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分）
第一节应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办“英文诗歌诵读”活动。请给你校外籍学生John写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：
1.发出邀请；
2.活动目的；
3.活动安排。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear John,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear John,
How is everything going? I am writing to invite you to attend an activity called English Poetry Reading held by our school’s English Club. The activity will start at 6:30 p.m. this Friday evening in our School Hall.
There will be a variety of wonderful activities that you can’t miss. Not only will you be able to appreciate brilliant reading performances, but also you may participate in some interesting English games in person. In addition, this is also a good chance for you to know some new Chinese friends and talk about Chinese culture with them. I bet you will have great fun here!
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校外籍学生John写封邮件邀请他参加校英语俱乐部将举办“英文诗歌诵读”活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→participate in
享受：appreciate→enjoy
此外：In addition → besides/what’s more
机会：chance→ opportunity
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In addition,this is also a good chance for you to know some new Chinese friends and talk about Chinese culture with them.
拓展句：In addition,this is such a good chance for you that you can know some new Chinese friends and talk about Chinese culture with them.
【点睛】【高分句型1】There will be a variety of wonderful activities that you can't miss.（运用了that引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】Not only will you be able to appreciate brilliant reading performances,but also you may participate in some interesting English games in person.（运用了Not only引导的倒装句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As an only child, Nicole Renae often felt lonely in her youth. But that all changed when she turned ten. For her birthday, Renae’s grandmother surprised her with an adorable gray puppy named Chloe. From the very start, the two were inseparable. “She was my best friend,” Renae says. Every ounce of love Renae gave, the little dog returned tenfold. “She was such a sweet dog,” Renae says. “She’d lick your face forever if you didn’t stop her.”
But when Renae was 14, her father got a new job and he’d be working at home, so the house needed to be completely quiet. Chloe barked a lot so they had no choice to give it up to a humane society. Though they were optimistic that the dog would find a new home with people who loved her, they couldn’t know for sure.
In time, Renae got married, and had a child of her own. But her family didn’t feel quite complete. Remembering the joy that having a dog had brought her as a kid, Renae wanted her daughter to experience the same. She decided that she would adopt a puppy, and then one day she saw a post on Facebook about a senior dog that needed a new home. The dog in the photograph looked a lot like Chloe — she was even named Chloe. In an instant it was decided: She would adopt this older dog.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When she met Chloe, Renae found that the dog seemed so familiar.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 When she met Chloe, Renae found that the dog seemed so familiar. And Chloe seems to have the same feeling for Renae. “Chloe ran over and started licking my face,” she said. Chloe reminded Renae of her old dog, and this emotion overwhelmed her. When crying, Renae hoped it was Chloe. After Renae’s mother called the humane society, they knew that Chloe was the very one who accompanied Renae. Renae was overjoyed and felt like she’d won the lottery. “I get so happy to come home and see her,” Renae says.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了蕾妮小时候与小狗克洛伊是好朋友，但是14岁时，由于父亲需要在家里工作，克洛伊不得不被送出去了。蕾妮结婚生子之后，想要为自己的女儿收养一只小狗。蕾妮看到了脸书上的一条帖子说一只老狗需要新家，照片中的狗也叫克洛伊，看起来很像克洛伊，蕾妮决定收养它。
【详解】1.段落续写：
由段落首句内容“当她见到克洛伊时，蕾妮发现这只狗看起来很熟悉。”可知，本段可描写克洛伊和蕾妮见面时的场景，在电话确认之后，蕾妮发现这的确就是曾经陪伴自己的克洛伊，蕾妮非常开心。
2.续写线索：见面——电话确认——开心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：hope/wish/expect
②打电话：call/phone/ring up
③陪伴：accompany/keep sb. company
情绪类
①欣喜若狂：be overjoyed/go wild with joy
②开心的：happy/glad
【点睛】【高分句型1】When crying, Renae hoped it was Chloe.（由连接词when引导时间状语从句的省略，省略that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】After Renae’s mother called the humane society, they knew that Chloe was the very one who accompanied Renae.（由连接词after引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句，who引导限制性定语从句）
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