2022-2023学年河南省名校联盟高二(下)期中英语试卷含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省名校联盟高二(下)期中英语试卷含解析,共25页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解,阅读七选五,完形填空,语法填空,短文改错,书面表达等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年河南省名校联盟高二(下)期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)
A
Children's Discovery Museum
General Information about Group Play
Pricing
Group Play ﹩ 7/person
Scholarships
We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations,subject to availability.Participation in a post-visit survey is required.
Scholarships are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation.Transportation invoices (发票) must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.
Group Size
We require one chaperone (监护人) per ten children.Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of ﹩ 50 per absent adult.
Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people.For groups of 35 or more,please call to discuss options.
Hours
The Museum is open daily from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm.
Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open.
Registration Policy
Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance.
Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date and start time options.
Once the registration form is received and processed,we will send a confirmation email within two business days.
Guidelines
●Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times.
●Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.
●Children should use the computer to search for exhibits.
●Use your indoor voice when at the Museum.
1. Who can be offered a scholarship? ______
A. High-income schools. B. Transportation departments.
C. Chaperones. D. Youth organizations.
2. When might you watch the Group Play in the museum? ______
A. 9:00 am. B. 11:00 am. C. 5:00 pm. D. 8:00 pm.
3. What can children do at the Museum? ______
A. Using the computer. B. Talking loudly.
C. Borrowing the exhibits. D. Exploring freely.
B
Officials in New York City are using technology to cut down on noise on city streets.Some of the strongest rules have been released to limit noise on city streets.Cameras equipped with radar sound collectors identify loud vehicles in an effort to catch drivers violating noise rules.
The new devices record the vehicle numbers of offenders,who then receive a violation notice in the mail.Owners face fines of ﹩ 800 for a first noise offense.Some could be required to pay up to ﹩ 2,625 if they have three violations and ignore court hearings.
Evidence is clear that noise affects not only hearing but mood and mental health,not to mention possible links to heart disease and blood pressure. "You listen to the noise out there,it is nonstop — the horns,the trucks,the sirens," New York City Mayor Eric Adams recently blamed an expressway for noise and illness."Noise pollution makes it hard to sleep and increases the risk of chronic(慢性的)disease."
However,some people in the city say the government efforts to quiet loud vehicles have gone too far.Phillip Franklin,a 30-year-old car lover from the Bronx area of New York,launched an online effort to protest noise rules. "The majority of us live here in New York City,where noise is a part of our daily lives.Quiet vehicles can also present dangers to inattentive individuals walking around New York City," said Franklin.He also noted that fixing potholes(路面坑洼)is a lot more important than going after noisy cars.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) said loud noise can cause immediate harm to one's ears.Even with sound barriers,close-fitting windows and noise-reducing materials,there is only so much that can be done to reduce sound levels in the city.Many New York residents have simply learned to live with the noise.The local authority now has plans to expand the use of technology to strengthen noise rules.So far,at least 71 people have received fines for operating cars or trucks that make too much noise.
4. What does the underlined word "offenders" in paragraph 2 refer to? ______
A. Drivers running red lights.
B. Drivers without a driving license.
C. Drivers going against the noise rules.
D. Drivers fixing a camera in their vehicle.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? ______
A. The causes of noise pollution.
B. The harm of noise to human beings.
C. The influence of noise on mental health.
D. The difficulty of carrying out the noise rules.
6. What is Franklin's attitude towards the noise rules? ______
A. Favorable. B. Tolerant. C. Indifferent. D. Disapproving.
7. What does the local authority plan to do? ______
A. Fix potholes to improve road safety.
B. Apply the new technology on a larger scale.
C. Raise the allowable noise standard for vehicles.
D. Encourage residents to use noise-reducing equipment.
C
Harvesting fruits is a very precise operation.The fruit must be picked when it is perfectly ripe.But with pickers in short supply in recent years,growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their crops.The company,Tevel Aerobotics Technologies,is set to ease labour crisis in the fruit industry with the only flying autonomous robots (FARs) that pick fruit. "Ask any farmer,and they'll tell you they don't have enough fruit pickers.Food consumption is increasing,but labour availability is decreasing.This gap is growing," said Yaniv Maor,the company's founder.
The robots fly near a tree and pick only the ripe ones with a twist of its integrated(组合的)grasper arm.The robots are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe pieces are picked.The cameras also ensure that the robots' paths are not blocked.The FARs are tied to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power.
The flying robots will work all day and night in any weather,without taking a break or needing a visa.Even better,they provide the farmer with invaluable data — real-time updates on harvesting progress,time to completion,quantity picked and cost.While there are other autonomous pickers,they are large ground-based machines that are not as convenient or cost-efficient.
The robots are currently picking Asian pears in Israel.In 2022,the FARs were used in pilot programs in Italy to pick peaches and nectarines,as well as in California.The company is bringing the robots into Spain,the UK,Australia and New Zealand,and some Asian countries and they are planning to expand to more and more geographies every year.The company is also exploring other potential uses,such as developing the robots for additional crops.Tevel plans on adding additional tasks to the robots,like pruning(修枝)and spraying.
"In the future,fewer people will work in picking,and more will work managing the robots,analyzing the data and making decisions," says Maor.
8. Why did the company develop the flying robots? ______
A. To cut the cost of food production.
B. To collect data on the growth of fruit trees.
C. To improve the accuracy in picking ripe fruit.
D. To relieve the shortage of fruit-picking labour.
9. What do we know about the flying robots? ______
A. They consume little electricity to operate.
B. They perform tasks effectively with smart cameras.
C. They can transport the fruit to the truck automatically.
D. They work fewer hours than large ground-based machines.
10. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? ______
A. The application of the flying robots.
B. The trend of using the robots in agriculture.
C. The necessity of using the robots to harvest crops.
D. The significance of the robots to the fruit industry.
11. Where is the text probably taken from? ______
A. A health report. B. A fiction novel.
C. A scientific magazine. D. A geography textbook.
D
We all know that our body language can give off signals to those around us about how we're truly feeling.Crossed arms or closed body language suggests that we are feeling defensive(防御的)and we didn't really believe what we're listening to.Walking here and there suggests that we're bored.And poor eye contact can suggest that we're lying.
One major development in the field of body language that hit the headlines is the "power pose." This is a theory put forward in 2011 by U.S.social psychologists Amy Cuddy,Dana Carney and Andy Yap.They proposed that when you pretend to be powerful,you are more likely to actually feel powerful.
What the theory suggests is that the simple act of holding a powerful pose can have powerful impact.For example,sitting with your legs up on the desk and arms held behind your head can raise your androgen levels and lower your cortisol(皮质醇)levels.Androgen is the hormone that affects dominance(控制);cortisol is the stress hormone.The study assessed participants' hormone levels before and after they held high-power and low-power poses.
Just as a male gorilla beats his chest to tell his dominance,humans can use body language to enhance their confidence,increase feelings of power,and lower their stress levels.These findings build on several psychological studies suggesting that some aspects of body language can change your emotional state.For instance,someone nodding "yes" to you can make you easier to persuade,and when you smile,you can feel more positive.
So,how can powerful poses help us in the workplace?Well,the study proposes that,simply by striking a powerful pose,you can better prepare yourself for difficult or stressful situations.Perhaps you've got a presentation that you're nervous about giving,or a job interview coming up.Holding a power pose,even in private,can help you to approach these events in a confident and less-stressed way.In contrast,a weak pose with closed body language can make you perform poorly.
12. What can we learn from the Para.2? ______
A. If one pretends to be strong,he is hiding his scare.
B. If one pretends to be strong,he may need others' help.
C. If one pretends to be strong,he is more likely to feel strong.
D. If one pretends to be strong,he may doubt what he is listening to.
13. How will people feel if they have high cortisol? ______
A. Confident. B. Stressed. C. Bored. D. Defensive.
14. Why are the examples mentioned in paragraph 4? ______
A. To stress the effect of the power pose.
B. To show the body language of gorillas.
C. To persuade people to be more positive.
D. To explain the changes in body language.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? ______
A. Body Language's Development. B. Body Language's Evolution .
C. The Power of Body Language. D. The Mystery of Body Language.
二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)
With our already busy lives,finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our 'to do' list.So maybe it would help if there was 'a best time' to exercise?Could exercising at certain times help maximise our fitness goals?(1) ______ No matter who you are,or when you like to work out,it is okay.
( 2) ______ Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day,and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine.A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning,increased their physical activity throughout the day,were less distracted by food,and slept better.Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism(新陈代谢).
So,good news is for early birds,but what if you're not a morning person?(3) ______ For example,your body's ability to perform peaks in the afternoon,according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports.Also,in the afternoon and evening,your reaction time is quickest,and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest,which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.
But our bodies are different,after all,so the best time to exercise may be different too.A 2022 study from Skidmore College,New York,looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences.Want to reduce your blood pressure and you're a woman?Exercise in the morning.Want to improve your heart health and you're a man?(4) ______ But,ultimately,the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.
So what time is best?(5) ______
A.Evening is better for you.
B.The answer is 'yes',but it's easier than you think.
C.It seems the answer is:whatever time is best for you!
D.There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning.
E.You can hurt yourself by more exercising in the afternoon or evening.
F.Many people have more free time in the morning than later in the day.
G.Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits,just different ones.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空(本大题共20小题,共30.0分)
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years,I (1) ______ living with my dogs,Tilly and Chance.Their companionship was nearly enough to keep my (2) ______ at bay.Nearly,last year,I started(3) ______ ,but with reservations.When I first dated Steve,I learned he (4) ______ a dog,Molly,and a cat,Flora.While I was thrilled that he was an animal (5) ______ ,I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many,and my dogs might attack Flora,the (6) ______ .
The next week we walked our dogs together.It was a hot day.When we (7) ______ to catch our breath,Steve got down on one (8) ______ .Was he proposing(求婚)?I (9) ______ him too,but so soon?He poured water from a bottle into his hand and (10) ______ it to my dogs.In that moment,I began to (11) ______ him.
We continued to date,though neither of us brought up the future.And then in late November,Tilly had an (12) ______ on her leg.I (13) ______ the dogs out four times a day,and I worried that Tilly constantly (14) ______ the stairs could reopen the wound.Then Steve suggested his house.All(15) ______ fine.The three dogs (16) ______ a pack that,with coaching,respected Flora's (17) ______ ;Steve and I formed a good(18) ______ caring for Tilly.We made good housemates.
A year later,much to my delight,this man(19) ______ a little box with a ring and proposed to me.He did not kneel(跪) down,nor did I need him to.That's only for giving water to the dogs that(20) ______ us together.
21. A. refused B. enjoyed C. hated D. raised
22. A. knowledge B. power C. loneliness D. expectation
23. A. dating B. choosing C. attempting D. retiring
24. A. departed B. had C. adapted D. recovered
25. A. gardener B. owner C. cleaner D. lover
26. A. dog B. goat C. cat D. rabbit
27. A. paused B. failed C. pretended D. proved
28. A. face B. fist C. waist D. knee
29. A. understood B. liked C. mistook D. worried
30. A. offered B. threw C. repeated D. reacted
31. A. head for B. leave for C. fall for D. take for
32. A. management B. operation C. goodbye D. movement
33. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. took
34. A. climbing B. changing C. cleaning D. opening
35. A. pushed B. finished C. worked D. started
36. A. set B. formed C. replied D. reported
37. A. courage B. distance C. duty D. space
38. A. team B. friend C. couple D. crowd
39. A. risked B. greeted C. produced D. built
40. A. won B. rewarded C. educated D. brought
四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)
41. "Village Basketball Association" or "Village BA" is(1) ______ grassroots basketball tournament in Taipan Village,Taijiang County,southwest China's Guizhou Province.Organized by local residents,the sport(2) ______ (gain) popularity over the years,so it draws a large crowd of spectators(观众)and participants alike.
( 3) ______ March 27,the team of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture won the title by(4) ______ (beat) the team from Zunyi City 68-65.Some 20,000 spectators watched the game.The champion collected fragrant rice(鲤吻香米),a local specialty,and a Miao silver hat(5) ______ (handmake) by an inheritor of intangible(非物质)cultural heritage skills as their award,besides the trophy and medals.A day ago,the team of Tongren City beat the team from Bijie City 57-50 in the bronze medal game.The game attracted more than 30,000 spectators,nearly double the average regular season attendance at an NBA game.
The village-level basketball (6) ______ ( compete) has been part of activities to celebrate the Chixin Festival,( 7) ______ falls on the sixth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar.Local authorities have upgraded the(8) ______ ( surround) facilities and added more than 20,000 seats(9) ______ (improve) the spectator experience.According to statistics from the Guizhou Sports Bureau(体育局),the "Beautiful countryside" basketball league has held over 5,000 matches,( 10) ______ ( effective) driving the development of local tourism,culture and economy.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
(2)只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I love doing houseworks.I always assist his parents in doing the dishes after meals.I also water the flowers on the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whenever necessarily.In my opinion,students can be benefit a lot from doing some housework.Firstly,doing housework are helpful for us to be a responsible person.Also,it gives our parents more time to do what they like and it improve the family relationship.What's more,doing housework can be form of mental relaxation from study.That's my view on housework but hope this can inspire most thinking on the topic!
六、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共25.0分)
43. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以The influence of TikTok on Teenagers 为题写一篇发言稿参赛,内容包括:
(1)分析利弊;
(2)提出建议。
注意:
(1)词数100左右;
(2)题目已为你写好。
The Influence of TikTok on Teenagers ___________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、B、A
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据Scholarships部分We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations,subject to availability.(我们向低收入学校和青年组织提供奖学金,视情况而定。)可知Youth organizations可以获得奖学金。故选D。
(2)细节理解题。根据Hours部分The Museum is open daily from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm.Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open.(博物馆开放时间为每天上午九时三十分至下午四时三十分。团体游戏可安排在博物馆开放的任何时间进行。)可知十一点可以在博物馆看团体游戏。故选B。
(3)细节理解题。根据Guidelines部分●Children should use the computer to search for exhibits.(●儿童应使用电脑查找展品。)可知孩子们在博物馆可以使用电脑。故选A。
本文主要介绍了儿童探索博物馆的团体游玩相关信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】C、B、D、B
【解析】(1)猜测词义题。根据文章第二段The new devices record the vehicle numbers of offenders,who then receive a violation notice in the mail.Owners face fines of ﹩ 800 for a first noise offense.Some could be required to pay up to ﹩ 2,625 if they have three violations and ignore court hearings.(新设备记录违规者的车辆号码,然后违规者会收到一封邮件通知。第一次违反噪音法规,车主将面临800美元的罚款。一些人可能会被要求支付高达2625美元,如果他们有三个违规行为,并无视法院听证会。)可知offenders的意思是"违反噪音规则的司机"。A.Drivers running red lights.闯红灯的司机;B.Drivers without a driving license.没有驾驶执照的司机;C.Drivers going against the noise rules.违反噪音规则的司机;D.Drivers fixing a camera in their vehicle.司机在他们的车上安装摄像头。故选C。
(2)段落大意题。根据文章第三段Evidence is clear that noise affects not only hearing but mood and mental health,not to mention possible links to heart disease and blood pressure(有证据表明,噪音不仅影响听力,还会影响情绪和心理健康,更不用说可能会导致心脏病和血压)可知第三段主要讲述了噪音对人类的危害。故选B。
(3)观点态度题。根据文章第四段"The majority of us live here in New York City,where noise is a part of our daily lives.Quiet vehicles can also present dangers to inattentive individuals walking around New York City," said Franklin.He also noted that fixing potholes(路面坑洼)is a lot more important than going after noisy cars.("我们大多数人生活在纽约市,噪音是我们日常生活的一部分。富兰克林说:"安静的车辆也可能对在纽约市走动的粗心大意的人造成危险。他还指出,修补坑洞比追逐噪音大的汽车重要得多。)可知富兰克林对噪音规则的态度是不赞成的。A.Favorable.支持的;B.Tolerant.忍受的;C.Indifferent.不在乎的;D.Disapproving.不赞成的。故选D。
(4)细节理解题。根据文章最后一段The local authority now has plans to expand the use of technology to strengthen noise rules.So far,at least 71 people have received fines for operating cars or trucks that make too much noise.(当地政府现在计划扩大技术的使用,以加强噪音法规。到目前为止,至少有71人因驾驶噪音过大的汽车或卡车而被罚款。)可知地方当局计划更大规模地应用这项新技术。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了纽约市政府使用科技手段来减少城市街道上的噪音。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】D、B、A、C
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一段But with pickers in short supply in recent years,growers needed to quickly find another way to harvest their crops.The company,Tevel Aerobotics Technologies,is set to ease labour crisis in the fruit industry with the only flying autonomous robots (FARs) that pick fruit.(但随着近年来采摘工的短缺,种植者需要迅速找到另一种方式来收获他们的作物。Tevel Aerobotics Technologies公司将推出唯一一款采摘水果的飞行自主机器人(FARs ),以缓解水果行业的劳动力危机。)可知该公司开发飞行机器人以缓解摘水果劳动力的短缺。A.To cut the cost of food production.降低食品生产成本;B.To collect data on the growth of fruit trees.收集果树生长的数据;C.To improve the accuracy in picking ripe fruit.提高采摘成熟水果的准确性;D.To relieve the shortage of fruit-picking labour.以缓解摘水果劳动力的短缺。故选D。
(2)推理判断题。根据文章第二段The robots are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe pieces are picked.The cameras also ensure that the robots' paths are not blocked.The FARs are tied to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power.(这些机器人配备了摄像头,使用人工智能来评估水果的大小和颜色,以便只挑选成熟的水果。摄像机也确保机器人的路径不会被阻挡。FARs被绑在一个充当电源的平台上,这样它们就永远不会耗尽能量。)可知飞行机器人通过智能相机有效地执行任务。故选B。
(3)段落大意题。根据文章第四段 The robots are currently picking Asian pears in Israel.In 2022,the FARs were used in pilot programs in Italy to pick peaches and nectarines,as well as in California.The company is bringing the robots into Spain,the UK,Australia and New Zealand,and some Asian countries and they are planning to expand to more and more geographies every year.(这些机器人目前正在以色列采摘亚洲梨。2022年,FARs在意大利和加利福尼亚的试点项目中被用于采摘桃子和油桃。该公司正在将机器人引入西班牙、英国、澳大利亚和新西兰以及一些亚洲国家,并计划每年扩展到越来越多的地区。)可知第四段主要讲述了飞行机器人的应用。故选A。
(4)文章出处题。根据文章第二段The robots are fitted with cameras that use AI to assess the size and color of the fruit so that only the ripe pieces are picked.The cameras also ensure that the robots' paths are not blocked.The FARs are tied to a platform that acts as the power source so that they never run out of power.(这些机器人配备了摄像头,使用人工智能来评估水果的大小和颜色,以便只挑选成熟的水果。摄像机也确保机器人的路径不会被阻挡。FARs被绑在一个充当电源的平台上,这样它们就永远不会耗尽能量。)可知本文主要介绍了一家名为Tevel Aerobotics Technologies的公司,该公司开发了一种可以飞行的自主机器人(FARs),用于摘取成熟的水果,以缓解水果行业中的劳动力危机。说明本文是一篇科学报道。A.A health report.健康报告;B.A fiction novel.虚构小说;C.A scientific magazine.一本科学杂志;D.A geography textbook.一本地理教科书。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一家名为Tevel Aerobotics Technologies的公司,该公司开发了一种可以飞行的自主机器人(FARs),用于摘取成熟的水果,以缓解水果行业中的劳动力危机。这些机器人配备了摄像头和人工智能技术,可以识别水果的大小和颜色,只摘取成熟的水果。机器人还可以提供实时的数据更新,包括采摘进度、完成时间、数量和成本等信息,为农民提供了宝贵的数据支持。目前,这些机器人已经在以色列、意大利、加利福尼亚等地用于采摘亚洲梨、桃子和油桃等水果。未来,这些机器人还可以用于修剪和喷洒等任务。作者认为,未来越来越少的人将从事采摘工作,更多的人将从事机器人管理、数据分析和决策等工作。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】C、B、A、C
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第二段They proposed that when you pretend to be powerful,you are more likely to actually feel powerful.(他们提出,当你假装强大时,你更有可能实际上感觉强大。)可知我们从第2段得知,如果一个人假装坚强,他更可能感到坚强。故选C。
(2)观点态度题。根据文章第三段Androgen is the hormone that affects dominance(控制);cortisol is the stress hormone(雄激素是影响控制的激素;皮质醇是压力荷尔蒙)可知如果皮质醇水平高,人们会感到有压力。A.Confident.自信的;B.Stressed.有压力的;C.Bored.乏味的;D.Defensive.防御性的。故选B。
(3)推理判断题。根据文章第四段Just as a male gorilla beats his chest to tell his dominance,humans can use body language to enhance their confidence,increase feelings of power,and lower their stress levels.These findings build on several psychological studies suggesting that some aspects of body language can change your emotional state.(就像一只雄性大猩猩捶胸来表明自己的优势一样,人类可以用肢体语言来增强自信,增加权力感,降低压力水平。这些发现建立在几项心理学研究的基础上,这些研究表明身体语言的某些方面可以改变你的情绪状态。)可知第4段中提到的例子是为了强调力量姿势的效果。A.To stress the effect of the power pose.强调力量姿势的效果;B.To show the body language of gorillas.来展示大猩猩的肢体语言;C.To persuade people to be more positive.说服人们变得更加积极;D.To explain the changes in body language.来解释身体语言的变化。故选A。
(4)标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段 So,how can powerful poses help us in the workplace?Well,the study proposes that,simply by striking a powerful pose,you can better prepare yourself for difficult or stressful situations.(那么,强有力的姿势如何在工作中帮助我们呢?这项研究表明,只要摆出一个强有力的姿势,你就能更好地为困难或紧张的情况做好准备。)可知本文主要讲述了身体语言对我们情感状态的影响。因此本文的最佳标题是C.The Power of Body Language.(身体语言的力量)。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了身体语言对我们情感状态的影响。文章提出了"力量姿势"如何帮助我们在工作场所中更好地准备自己应对困难或有压力的情况,例如,演讲或面试。通过保持强有力的姿势
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】B、D、G、A、C
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据上文So maybe it would help if there was 'a best time' to exercise?Could exercising at certain times help maximise our fitness goals?(所以,如果有一个锻炼的"最佳时间",也许会有所帮助?在特定的时间锻炼有助于最大限度地实现我们的健身目标吗?)以及下文No matter who you are,or when you like to work out,it is okay.(不管你是谁,也不管你喜欢什么时候锻炼,都是可以的。)可知,空处应回答上文的问题,故B项"答案是肯定的,但这比你想象的要容易。"承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
(2)段落大意题。根据下文Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day,and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine.A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning,increased their physical activity throughout the day,were less distracted by food,and slept better.Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism(新陈代谢).(与一天中的晚些时候相比,我们中的许多人早上有更多的空闲时间,因此对我们来说,坚持晨练可能更容易。发表在《体育与锻炼医学与科学》上的一项研究发现,早上锻炼的参与者,在一天中增加了他们的体力活动,更少被食物分散注意力,睡眠更好。早餐前空腹锻炼也能燃烧更多脂肪,促进新陈代谢。)由此可知,本段主要讲述的早上锻炼的好处。故D项"早上锻炼有明显的好处。"能够概括段落大意,符合语境。故选D。
(3)推理判断题。根据上文So,good news is for early birds,but what if you're not a morning person?(所以,这对早起的鸟儿来说是个好消息,但如果你不是一个早起的人呢?)以及下文For example,your body's ability to perform peaks in the afternoon,according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports.Also,in the afternoon and evening,your reaction time is quickest,and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest,which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.(举例来说,根据2010年《斯堪的纳维亚医学与体育科学杂志》的一项研究,你身体的表现能力在下午达到顶峰。此外,在下午和晚上,你的反应时间最快,你的心率和血压最低,这减少了你受伤的机会,同时提高了表现。)可知,空处谈论谈论下午和晚上锻炼的好处。故G项"下午或晚上锻炼也有好处,只是好处不同而已。"承上启下,符合语境。故选G。
(4)推理判断题。根据上文Want to reduce your blood pressure and you're a woman?Exercise in the morning.Want to improve your heart health and you're a man?(如果你是女性,想要降低血压?早上锻炼。如果你是男性,想要改善你的心脏健康。)以及下文But,ultimately,the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.(但是,最终,研究发现,在一天中的任何时间锻炼对两性都有明显的好处。)可知,空处应根据前面的问句做出回答,给予一个在何时运动的建议。故A项"晚上对你比较合适。"承上启下,符合语境。故选A。
(5)联系上文题。根据上文So what time is best?(所以什么时间最好?)可知,空处做出相应回答;根据第四段最后一句But,ultimately,the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.(但是,最终,研究发现,在一天中的任何时间锻炼对两性都有明显的好处。)可知,在一天中的任何时间锻炼对两性都有明显的好处。故C项"答案似乎是:什么时候对你最合适!"承接上文,符合语境。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一天中的锻炼时间,关注人与自我。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题时,要注意上下文语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词),选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】B、C、A、B、D、C、A、D、B、A、C、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、C、D
【解析】 (1)考查动词及语境理解。A.refused拒绝;B.enjoyed享受,喜欢;C.hated讨厌;D.raised提升。根据下句Their companionship was nearly enough to keep my (2)at bay可知他们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。说明许多年来,我喜欢和我的狗蒂莉和吉斯住在一起。故答案为B。
(2)考查名词及语境理解。A.knowledge知识;B.power力量;C.loneliness孤独;D.expectation期盼。根据后文We continued to date,though neither of us brought up the future.可知我们继续约会,尽管我们都没有提到未来。说明我是非常孤独的。故答案为C。
(3)考查动词及语境理解。A.dating约会;B.choosing选择;C.attempting尝试;D.retiring退休。根据后文We continued to date,though neither of us brought up the future.可知我们继续约会,尽管我们都没有提到未来。说明差不多,去年,我开始约会,但有所保留。故答案为A。
(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.departed出发;B.had有;C.adapted适应;D.recovered恢复。根据下句I worried that three dogs were perhaps too many,and my dogs might attack Flora,the (6).可知我担心三只狗可能太多了,我的狗可能会攻击猫弗洛拉。说明我了解到他有一只狗莫莉和一只猫弗洛拉。故答案为B。
(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.gardener园丁;B.owner主人;C.cleaner清洁工;D.lover爱好者。根据上句I learned he (4)a dog,Molly,and a cat,Flora.可知我了解到他有一只狗莫莉和一只猫弗洛拉。说明他是一个动物爱好者。故答案为D。
(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.dog狗;B.goat山羊;C.cat猫;D.rabbit兔子。根据前文I learned he (4)a dog,Molly,and a cat,Flora.可知我了解到他有一只狗莫莉和一只猫弗洛拉。说明弗洛拉是一只猫。故答案为C。
(7)考查动词及语境理解。A.paused暂停;B.failed失败;C.pretended假装;D.proved证明是。根据上句It was a hot day.可知那是一个炎热的日子。说明当我们停下来喘口气时,史蒂夫单膝跪下。故答案为A。
(8)考查名词及语境理解。A.face脸;B.fist拳头;C.waist腰;D.knee膝盖。根据常识和下句Was he proposing(求婚)?(他在求婚吗?)可知史蒂夫单膝跪下。故答案为D。
(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.understood理解;B.liked喜欢;C.mistook误解;D.worried担心。根据前文I was thrilled that he was an animal (5)可知我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者,说明我喜欢他。故答案为B。
(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.offered提供;B.threw扔掉;C.repeated重复;D.reacted反应。根据后文That's only for giving water to the dogs that(20)us together.可知那只是为了给把我们带到一起的狗喝水。说明他把瓶子里的水倒在他手里,递给我的狗。故答案为A。
(11)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.head for走向;B.leave for离开去某个地方;C.fall for爱上;D.take for误以为。根据下句We continued to date,though neither of us brought up the future.可知我们继续约会,尽管我们都没有提到未来。说明在那一刻,我开始爱上他。故答案为C。
(12)考查名词及语境理解。A.management管理;B.operation手术;C.goodbye再见;D.movement移动。根据后文I worried that Tilly constantly (14)the stairs could reopen the wound.可知我担心泰莉不断爬楼梯可能会重新打开伤口。说明泰莉动了一个手术。故答案为B。
(13)考查动词及语境理解。A.reached到达;B.consulted咨询;C.introduced介绍;D.took带走。根据常识和空后the dogs out four times a day可知我一天带狗出去四次。故答案为D。
(14)考查动词及语境理解。A.climbing爬;B.changing改变;C.cleaning打扫;D.opening打开。根据空后the stairs could reopen the wound可知我担心泰莉不断爬楼梯可能会重新打开伤口。故答案为A。
(15)考查动词及语境理解。A.pushed推动;B.finished完成;C.worked工作,奏效;D.started开始。根据后文We made good housemates.可知我们是很好的室友。说明一切正常。故答案为C。
(16)考查动词及语境理解。A.set设置;B.formed形成;C.replied答复;D.reported报道。根据后文We made good housemates.可知我们是很好的室友。说明这三只狗组成了一个群体,在教练的指导下,尊重弗洛拉的空间。故答案为B。
(17)考查名词及语境理解。A.courage勇气;B.distance距离;C.duty责任;D.space空间。这三只狗组成了一个群体,在教练的指导下,尊重弗洛拉的空间。故答案为D。
(18)考查名词及语境理解。A.team队伍;B.friend朋友;C.couple夫妇;D.crowd人群。根据下句We made good housemates.可知我们是很好的室友。史蒂夫和我组成了一个很好的团队来照顾蒂莉。故答案为A。
(19)考查动词及语境理解。A.risked冒险;B.greeted打招呼;C.produced生产,制造;D.built建造。根据空后a little box with a ring and proposed to me.可知一年后,令我非常高兴的是,这个男人拿出一个装有戒指的小盒子,并向我求婚。故答案为C。
(20)考查动词及语境理解。A.won赢得;B.rewarded奖励;C.educated教育;D.brought带来。那只是为了给把我们带到一起的狗喝水。bring together带到一起。故答案为D。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和他的丈夫因为喂养宠物而走到一起的故事。
完形填空题的解题步骤:
1.通读全文,理解大意。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大意,这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后,避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文,解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯。
41.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】has gained
【小题3】On
【小题4】beating
【小题5】handmade
【小题6】competition
【小题7】which
【小题8】surrounding
【小题9】to improve
【小题10】effectively
【解析】(1)考查不定冠词。句意:"乡村篮球协会"或"乡村BA"是在中国西南部贵州省台江县太潘村举行的一次草根篮球锦标赛。修饰可数名词grassroots basketball tournament,表示"一个",用不定冠词a,故填a。
(2)考查现在完成时。句意:这项运动由当地居民组织,多年来一直很受欢迎,因此吸引了大批观众和参与者。根据时间状语over the years,可知谓语动词用现在完成时,和主语the sport一致,助动词用has,故填has gained。
(3)考查介词。句意:3月27日,黔东南苗族侗族自治州队以68-65击败遵义市队,夺得冠军。修饰March 27,用介词on,故填on。
(4)考查动名词。句意:3月27日,黔东南苗族侗族自治州队以68-65击败遵义市队,夺得冠军。介词by后用beat的动名词形式,故填beating。
(5)考查过去分词。句意:除了奖杯和奖牌外,冠军还拿到了当地特产鲤吻香米和一位非物质文化遗产技艺传承人手工制作的苗族银帽作为奖励。作 a Miao silver hat的后置定语,表示被动关系,用handmake的过去分词,故填handmade。
(6)考查名词。句意:村级篮球赛是庆祝农历六月初六赤心节活动的一部分。作句子的主语,用compete的名词形式competition,和has一致,用单数,故填competition。
(7)考查非限制性定语从句。句意:村级篮球赛是庆祝农历六月初六赤心节活动的一部分。代指先行词the Chixin Festival,作非限制性定语从句falls on the sixth day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar的主语,关系词用which,故填which。
(8)考查形容词。句意:当地政府升级了周边设施,增加了20000多个座位,以改善观众体验。作facilities的定语,用surround的形容词形式,故填surrounding。
(9)考查动词不定式。句意:当地政府升级了周边设施,增加了20000多个座位,以改善观众体验。做目的状语,用improve的动词不定式,故填to improve。
(10)考查副词。句意:"美丽乡村"篮球联赛已经举办了5000多场比赛,有效地推动了当地旅游、文化和经济的发展。修饰动词driving,用effective的副词形式,故填effectively。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了中国西南部贵州省台江县太潘村举行的一次草根篮球锦标赛。
语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力,在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意,在读懂短文的基础上,结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析.要解决好语法填空,离不开坚实的语法知识,有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断,从而答对题目。
42.【答案】I love doing houseworks.I always assist his parents in doing the dishes after meals.I also water the flowers on the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whenever necessarily.In my opinion,students can be benefit a lot from doing some housework.Firstly,doing housework are helpful for us to be a responsible person.Also,it gives our parents more time to do what they like and it improve the family relationship.What's more,doing housework can be∧ form of mental relaxation from study.That's my view on housework but hope this can inspire most thinking on the topic!
详解:
1.考查不可数名词。句意:我喜欢做家务。housework"家务"是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故houseworks改为housework。
2.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:我总是在饭后帮助我的父母洗碗。根据句意及主语I可知,此处指作者帮助自己的父母做家务,故应用my表示"我的",故his改为my。
3.考查介词。句意:我也会在院子里浇花,必要时还整理自己的卧室。根据句意可知,此处表示"在院子里",故应用介词in表示"在......里",故on改为in。
4.考查形容词。句意:我也会在院子里浇花,必要时还整理自己的卧室。分析可知,此处是一个由whenever引导的省略句,原句为whenever it is necessary,此处省略了主语it及be动词is,故necessarily改为necessary。
5.考查句子结构。句意:在我看来,学生们可以从做一些家务中受益。分析可知,句中benefit意为"使受益",为动词,在句中作谓语,be动词多余,故去掉be。
6.考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意:首先,做家务有助于我们成为一个负责任的人。分析可知,句子是在陈述事实,应用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语doing housework,be动词应用单数形式is,故are改为is。
7.考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意:此外,这也让我们的父母有更多的时间做他们喜欢的事情,改善了家庭关系。分析可知,句子是在陈述事实,应用一般现在时,主语it为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故improve改为improves。
8.考查冠词。句意:更重要的是,做家务可以成为学习中精神放松的一种形式。form"形式"是可数名词,结合语境可知,此处泛指"一种形式",且form的发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a,故form前加a。
9.考查连词。句意:这是我对家务的看法,希望这能激发对这个话题的更多思考!根据句意可知,前后文之间为并列关系,而非转折关系,故应用连词and,故but改为and。
10.考查形容词比较级。句意:这是我对家务的看法,希望这能激发对这个话题的更多思考!根据句意可知,此处表示"更多的思考",故应用形容词much的比较级more表示"更多的",故most改为more。
【解析】这是一篇议论文,文章论述了作者对于做家务的观点并给出了理由。
短文改错时要注意以下几点:1.快速阅读,整体把握短文大意;2.重视语境以及上下文的关系;3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】The Influence of TikTok on TeenagersTikTok is the current hot short video platform,which many teenagers are addicted to.Therefore,when it comes to TikTok,our first reaction is that it is a harmful software.But I don't think that's true.It depends on how you use it.【高分句型一】If you can control the time of watching "TikTok" well and browser some of the content that is beneficial,it is good for you.Not only does it allow you to broaden your horizons,increase your knowledge,but also relax yourself under the pressure of work,study and life.On the contrary,if you can't control yourself,watching it for too long is a waste of time and bad for your eyesight,even leading to depression.(分析利弊)
There is no denying that TikTok has many advantages,but the harm it brings to teenagers cannot be ignored.【高分句型二】I hope we teenagers can learn to surf the Internet and browse Tik Tok appropriately.(提出建议)
【解析】高分句型一:It depends on how you use it.
翻译:这取决于你如何使用它。
分析:本句使用了how引导的宾语从句。
高分句型二:There is no denying that TikTok has many advantages,but the harm it brings to teenagers cannot be ignored.
翻译:不可否认,TikTok有很多优点,但它给青少年带来的伤害不容忽视。
分析:本句使用了that引导的同位语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次,平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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