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2022-2023学年四川省宜宾市珙县中学高一下学期月考英语试卷（3月份）含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年四川省宜宾市珙县中学高一下学期月考英语试卷（3月份）含解析，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年四川省宜宾市珙县中学高一（下）月考英语试卷（3月份）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
I moved to the Spanish capital，Madrid，nearly two months ago.I am here for a year teaching English in a secondary school as a language assistant.Before I arrived I thought I would be able to adapt to Spanish culture very easily，but my previous expectations have been very different from the reality of Spanish life.
Firstly，I didn't realize how difficult it would be to adapt to the Spanish day and the timing of meals.Spanish "midday" is at 14：00，meaning lunch is never before then.My expectation was that I would be eating lunch at 12：00 to 13：00，but most days it's 15：30 before I eat lunch.Can I really still call this lunch？The same applies to dinner and tea.In the UK，dinner is between 18：00 and 19：00，but now the dinner time is 21：30.The thing I didn't realize is that this affects the Spanish sleeping routine.Eating dinner so late of course means that Spaniards go to bed so much later.It is such a British thing to go to bed at 22：00!
Queuing （排队等候） politely is also something that is very British.I only realized it when I arrived in Spain.I took it for granted that queuing patiently is as the normal thing as in Britain or countries like China，Japan and America.But this definitely isn't the case in Spain.If there's a free table in a restaurant，you can quickly take it，even if there are other people who have been waiting longer than you.
Finally，the reality of the Spanish diet is very different from my expectations.Food products that are so normal in the UK aren't nearly as popular here.
1. According to the passage，when is lunch time in the UK probably？ ______
A. At 14：00. B. At 12：00 to 13：00.
C. After 15：30. D. At 15：30.
2. What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ ______
A. Eating dinner so late. B. Going to bed so early.
C. Eating dinner so early. D. Going to bed so late.
3. How many aspects of cultural differences between Spain and Britain are mentioned in the passage？ ______
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
B
Food sometimes gets poisoned（中毒） with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious， but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物） cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs， meat， vegetables， and many other foods. After entering the body， these tiny living things release（释放） poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals（化合物） can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown， processed， or prepared. For example， many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood， grains， nuts， seeds， beans， and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly， the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally， people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition， some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few day of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons， they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true？ ______
A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B. Food poisoning means death.
C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D. Food poisoning can be serious.
5. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning ______ .
A. are always accompanied by a fever
B. are too common to be noted
C. can be noticed within hours
D. can he ignored
6. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT ______ .
A. some chemicals B. low temperatures
C. some tiny living things D. certain natural materials
7. From Paragraph 5，we can learn that ______ .
A. mushrooms should not be eaten
B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D. different types of food should be handled differently
C
If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what's around. It's called Apple Day but in practice it's more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.
Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.
There are also varieties developed to suit specific(特定的) local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.
Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.
8. What can people do at the apple events?
A. Attend experts' lectures. B. Visit fruit-loving families.
C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard. D. Taste many kinds of apples.
9. What can we learn about Decio?
A. It is a new variety. B. It has a strange look.
C. It is rarely seen now. D. It has a special taste.
10. What does the underlined phrase "a pipe dream" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.
11. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To show how to grow apples. B. To introduce an apple festival.
C. To help people select apples. D. To promote apple research.
D
Boxing day is on December 26th，the day after Christmas，and is celebrated in Great Britain and in most areas settled by the British except for the United States of America，including Canada，Australia，and New Zealand.
Despite（尽管） its name，Boxing Day has nothing to do with competition sports.While the exact origins of the holiday are unclear，it is likely that Boxing Day began in England during the Middle Ages.Some historians say the holiday developed because servants（仆人） were asked to work on Christmas Day，but took the following day off.As servants prepared to leave to visit their families，their employers would present them with gift boxes.Another theory is that centuries ago，on the day after Christmas，members of the merchant（商人） class would give boxes containing food and fruit，clothing and money to businessmen and servants.The gifts were an expression of thankfulness，much like today when people receive bonuses（奖金） from their employers because of a well-done job.These gifts，given in boxes，gave the holiday its name， "Boxing Day".
Traditionally，Boxing Day is a day when families get together.It is a day of watching sports games with family.In the past，hunting was one of the favourite activities on this day.People usually went hunting for wrens or foxes.Today，Boxing Day is spent with family and friends with lots of food and sharing of friendship and love.Government buildings and small businesses are closed but the malls are open.Shopping is a popular Boxing Day activity，and the malls are usually filled with bargains.Besides these activities，many businesses，organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating their time，services and money to aid Food Banks，providing gifts for the poor，or helping an individual family that is in need.Boxing Day has mainly become an extension of the Christmas holiday，giving working families one more day as the happy time of a year.
12. On Boxing Day servants probably ______ .
A. took part in competition sports
B. still had to work for employers
C. were allowed to visit their families
D. were given empty boxes by employers
13. Members of the merchant class gave gift boxes to businessmen and servants to ______ .
A. show care and kindness to them
B. thank them for doing a good job
C. provide them with enough money
D. pass on the traditional love and spirit
14. What does the third paragraph mainly discuss？ ______
A. The beginning of Boxing Day. B. The hunting on Boxing Day.
C. The good spirit of Boxing Day. D. The activities on Boxing Day.
15. Why is shopping popular on Boxing Day？ ______
A. Because it is a kind of traditional activity.
B. Because only malls are open on that day.
C. Because things can be bought at a low price.
D. Because people buy things to donate to the poor.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Does failure really exist？
If you believe you have failed，then you have.If you believe you don't have the ability to succeed，then you don't.（1） ______ The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals，failure is born.
（ 2） ______
Most people give themselves out without even realizing it.They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too difficult or their energy dies down.Don't do that! （3） ______ Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart.
Don't believe in a clear finish line for goals.
It's a good idea to set a general timeline，but remember that something will be beyond your control. （4） ______ If you lock yourself into a given timeline，you might make yourself feel like a failure!Instead，take it one day at a time and focus on making progress.
Be sure that you don't see difficulties as failures.
Difficulties mean only one thing：it's not time for your goal to be completed yet.That's it!It doesn't mean you failed；it doesn't mean you're weak；it doesn't mean you'll never achieve your goals. （5） ______ You've got to keep moving forward and find a way over，around，or through the difficulties.
A.Never give up on yourself.
B.Failure only exists in your own mind!
C.That's exactly how failure makes us feel.
D.It simply means you have not done enough yet.
E.You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached.
F.Instead，make up your mind to reach your goal!
G.Work hard and you will be likely to get good results.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
I wasn't the most popular kid in my freshman year—I mostly kept myself buried in a book alone.Ashley was very(21)from me.She was outspoken and fashionable.So you can(22)how surprising when we became friends!During that summer，we(23)and did everything together!
I looked up to Ashley，and wanted to be all of her.I even tailored my next-year(24)to her interests.Later，Ashley introduced me to her group of friends.I would(25)them around.
One day，arriving earlier at the classroom，I overheard what they were talking about. "She's such a（n）(26)，" one girl said. "She just follows you，but doesn't have a(27)of her own." This was the first time I had felt(28).My eyes began to well with tears and my hands were(29).I couldn't stay there anymore.
I ran home and told my mother.The advice she gave was so(30)， "Just be yourself and people will(31)you for who you are." It sounded so profound and I decided I was going to(32)myself.Over the next month，I went through a lot of(33).I bought new clothes I wanted to wear.(34)I began making new friends.I never just followed the crowd.
When I look back，I think of it as the year I grew up.Despite the pain I felt，it was a(35)they had given me.
21. A. free B. absent C. different D. tired
22. A. memorize B. imagine C. observe D. refuse
23. A. hung out B. turned up C. showed off D. broke down
24. A. position B. research C. admission D. schedule
25. A. follow B. compare C. guide D. settle
26. A. hero B. enemy C. actress D. loser
27. A. determination B. personality C. competition D. presentation
28. A. nervous B. desperate C. heartbroken D. touched
29. A. shaking B. fighting C. spreading D. waving
30. A. formal B. simple C. modest D. serious
31. A. select B. praise C. like D. thank
32. A. convince B. control C. discover D. forgive
33. A. changes B. adventures C. hardships D. options
34. A. Obviously B. Originally C. Regularly D. Gradually
35. A. truth B. gift C. promise D. chance
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. What we eat every day has (1) great effect on our health.Therefore,we should make every effort to change our bad eating (2) （habit）.
Some food which costs us a great deal of money is not (3) （health）like junk food.Baked or fried foods may be tasty,but eating too much of them will (4) （certain）result in some illness.
Compared with people in the West,Chinese people want (5) （eat）more grain and vegetables,but less meat, (6) is a good eating habit.However,things are quite different now. (7) the development of our country,we now also are eating a lot of food that is high in sugar and fat.We are running the risk of eating out without (8) （consider）the balance of our diet.
Our health (9) （ affect）by the food we choose,so we must keep it in mind that the (10) （choose） of our food should give us the nutrients we need.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你的留学生同学Smith对中国传统文化很感兴趣，想要了解端午节。请你写信向他介绍中国的传统节日——端午节（Dragon Boat Festival）。包括以下要点：
（1）端午节的时间及起源（农历五月初五）；
（2）端午节的习俗；
（3）邀请他端午节那天和你一起过节。
注意：（ 1）词数80个左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Smith，
_____
Yours， Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny was the only child in her family.She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and ran out of the house angrily.She couldn't help crying when she thought of the scolding（责骂） from her mother.Getting around aimlessly in the street for hours，she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.She stood beside a stand（货摊） for a while，watching the middle-aged man busy doing his business.However，with no money in hand，she had to leave.The man behind the stand noticed Jenny and asked， "Hey，do you want to have the noodles？" "Oh，yes，but I don't have money，" she replied.
"I'll treat you today，" said the man.He brought her a bowl of noodles，the smell so attractive.As she was eating，Jenny cried silently. "What is it？" asked the man kindly."Actually I was just touched by your kindness!" said Jenny as she wiped her tears. "Even a stranger will give me a bowl of noodles，while my mother drove me out of the house." Hearing the words，the man smiled， "I only gave you a bowl of noodles.But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby.Can you number the times she cooked for you？Have you expressed your thankfulness to her？"
Jenny sat there，speechless；she remembered her mother's familiar face."A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel grateful.Why haven't I thanked my mum for what she has done for me？" On the way home，Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150词左右。每段的开头语已为你写好；
（2）请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
Approaching the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.________________
Paragraph 2：
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段My expectation was that I would be eating lunch at 12：00 to 13：00，but most days it's 15：30 before I eat lunch.（我原以为我会在中午12点到13点吃午饭，但大多数时候我都是15点半才吃午饭。）可知，英国人的午餐时间通常是12：00--13：00，故选B。
（2）代词指代题。根据第二段In the UK，dinner is between 18：00 and 19：00，but now the dinner time is 21：30.The thing I didn't realize is that this affects the Spanish sleeping routine.（在英国，晚餐时间是18：00到19：00，但现在晚餐时间是21：30。我没有意识到这会影响西班牙的睡眠习惯。）可知，晚餐时间太晚会影响到西班牙人的睡觉时间。故可猜测this应该指的是"晚餐时间晚"。A.Eating dinner so late晚餐时间晚；B.Going to bed so early这么早就上床睡觉；C.Eating dinner so early这么早就吃晚饭；D.Going to bed so late睡得这么晚。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Firstly，I didn't realize how difficult it would be to adapt to the Spanish day and the timing of meals.（首先，我没有意识到适应西班牙的一天和用餐时间有多难。）Eating dinner so late of course means that Spaniards go to bed so much later.（晚餐吃得这么晚当然意味着西班牙人睡觉要晚得多。）Queuing （排队等候） politely is also something that is very British.（礼貌排队也是非常英国化的东西。）Finally，the reality of the Spanish diet is very different from my expectations.（最后，西班牙饮食的现实与我的预期大相径庭。）可知，文章从四个方面介绍了西班牙与英国的文化差异，即用餐时间，睡觉习惯，排队情况及食物四个方面。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了大约两个月前，"我"搬到了西班牙的首都马德里，进行为期一年的语言助教。和之前的预想不同，"我"发现要适应西班牙的生活和文化并非一件容易的事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、C、B、D
【解析】（1）B. 细节理解题。根据第一段Food poisoning is usually not serious， but some types are deadly.食物中毒通常不严重，但有些食物中毒是致命的和最后一段Most people recover from food poisoning after a few day of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons， they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.大多数人食物中毒后，经过几天的休息和多喝水就会康复。如果人们吃了天然毒药，他们必须马上去医院排空他们的胃。可知一般情况下食物中毒不严重，不会导致死亡。Food poisoning means death表达错误，故选B。
（2）C. 细节理解题。根据第一段The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. 食物中毒的症状通常在吃了有毒食物后的几个小时内就会出现。可知中毒症状能在几小时内被发现，故选C。
（3）B. 细节理解题。根据文章二、三、四段开头句Certain microorganisms（微生物） cause most types of food poisoning. Some chemicals（化合物） can also cause food poisoning.和Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood， grains， nuts， seeds， beans， and mushrooms.某些微生物导致大多数食物中毒。有些化学物质也会导致食物中毒，而有些动植物含有对人体有害的天然毒物。这些食物包括某些种类的海鲜、谷物、坚果、种子、豆类和蘑菇。可知导致食物中毒的原因有：某些微生物，某些化合物，某些含有天然毒素的动植物。选项中A、C、D都被包括，B项低温，不是导致食物中毒的原因。故选B。
（4）D. 推理判断题。根据第五段中Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally， people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild.食物应该放在冰箱里，以防止微生物生长。肉需要彻底煮熟才能杀死任何危险的微生物。人们在吃之前也应该先洗上化学物质的食物。最后，人们不应该吃野生蘑菇或其他在野外生长的食物。介绍的食物储藏，肉类加工，食物清洗和不吃野生食物等信息可知，为了避免食物中毒，不同种类的食物应该有不同的处理方式。故选D。
本文是说明文。介绍了有关食物中毒的知识，包括食物中毒的后果，导致食物中毒的原因，避免食物中毒的措施和食物中毒的康复。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】D、C、B、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了英国的苹果节以及其活动。
1.
根据第二段中Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.（参观苹果活动是一个很好的可以看到并经常品尝各种各样的苹果的机会。）可知，参加相关庆祝活动的人们可以品尝各种各样的苹果，故选D。
2.
根据第二段中Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.（虽然它没有什么特别的味道，但它仍然值得一试，就像这个疙疙瘩瘩的Cat's Head 一样，它比其他东西更令人好奇。）可知，由于其奇特的外形，使人们更多地感到好奇，所以Decio这种苹果是非常少见的。故选C。
3.
根据划线词所在句中One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it可知，Orleans Reinette是食用质量最好的品种之一，但你需要一个温暖、有遮蔽的地方和完美的土壤来种植它，即其种植条件非常苛刻，所以对大多数喜欢苹果的人来说很难得到，即划线部分a pipe dream意为“虚幻的希望，百日梦”。故选B。
4.
通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国的苹果节以及其活动。结合最后一段中If you want to have a real orchard experience... near Faversham in Kent.可知，作者是希望大家参与这个节日。故选B。
12~15.【答案】C、B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中第三、四两句Some historians say the holiday developed because servants（仆人） were asked to work on Christmas Day，but took the following day off.As servants prepared to leave to visit their families，their employers would present them with gift boxes.（一些历史学家说，这个节日的发展是因为仆人被要求在圣诞节工作，但第二天休息。当仆人准备离开去看望家人时，他们的雇主会送给他们礼盒。）可知，仆人在圣诞节这一天要工作，而第二天（Boxing Day）可以休假去探望亲人。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句The gifts were an expression of thankfulness，much like today when people receive bonuses（奖金） from their employers because of a well-done job.（这些礼物表达了感激之情，就像今天人们因为做得好而从雇主那里获得奖金一样。）可知，送给商人和仆人礼物是为了感谢他们出色的工作。故选B。
（3）段落大意题。阅读第三段，尤其是根据In the past，hunting was one of the favourite activities on this day.（在过去，狩猎是这一天最受欢迎的活动之一。）和Today，Boxing Day is spent with family and friends with lots of food and sharing of friendship and love.（今天，节礼日是与家人和朋友一起度过的，有很多食物，分享友谊和爱。）以及Shopping is a popular Boxing Day activity，and the malls are usually filled with bargains.Besides these activities，many businesses，organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating their time，services and money to aid Food Banks，providing gifts for the poor，or helping an individual family that is in need.（购物是节礼日的一项受欢迎的活动，商场里通常摆满了便宜货。除了这些活动外，许多企业、组织和家庭还试图通过捐赠时间、服务和金钱来帮助食品银行，为穷人提供礼物，或帮助有需要的家庭，来保持节礼日传统精神。）可知，本段主要介绍的是节礼日的一些活动，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段中Shopping is a popular Boxing Day activity，and the malls are usually filled with bargains.（购物是节礼日的一项受欢迎的活动，商场里通常摆满了减价品。）可知，节礼日那天购物是很受欢迎的活动，因为商场推出大量打折商品，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了节礼日的由来以及节礼日的一些活动等。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】B、A、F、E、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句If you believe you have failed，then you have.If you believe you don't have the ability to succeed，then you don't（如果你认为自己失败了，那么你已经失败了。如果你认为你没有能力成功，那么你就没有），可知表示"失败只存在于你自己的心中"的选项B可以承接前文介绍自己的看法对于失败的影响的语境，exists in your own mind是关键词，故选B。
（2）主题判断题。根据后句Most people give themselves out without even realizing it.They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too difficult or their energy dies down.Don't do that...Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart（大多数人甚至在没有意识到的情况下就放弃了自己。他们只在等到事情变得太难或精力耗尽时才愿意为实现自己的目标而努力。不要这样做......永远不要放弃，永远不要承认失败，永远不要灰心），可知表示"永远不要放弃自己"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart是关键词，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句Most people give themselves out without even realizing it.They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too difficult or their energy dies down.Don't do that（大多数人甚至在没有意识到的情况下就放弃了自己。他们只在等到事情变得太难或精力耗尽时才愿意为实现自己的目标而努力。不要这样做），可知表示"相反，下定决心实现你的目标"的选项F可以和前文构成转折关系，give themselves out和reach your goal是关键词，故选F。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句It's a good idea to set a general timeline，but remember that something will be beyond your control（设定一个大致的时间表是个好主意，但要记住，有些事情会超出你的控制范围），可知表示"你永远无法确切地说出你的目标何时实现"的选项E可以承接前句，beyond your control和never say exactly when your goal will be reached是关键词，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句Difficulties mean only one thing：it's not time for your goal to be completed yet.That's it!It doesn't mean you failed；it doesn't mean you're weak；it doesn't mean you'll never achieve your goals（困难只意味着一件事：现在还不是完成目标的时候。就这样！这并不意味着你失败了；这并不意味着你很软弱；这并不意味着你永远不会实现你的目标），可知表示"这只是意味着你做得还不够"的选项D可以承接前文对于困难真正意义的语境，it doesn't mean和It simply means是关键词，故选D。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了几个对待失败正确的方法。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】C、B、A、D、A、D、B、C、A、B、C、C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.free免费的；B.absent缺席的；C.different不同的；D.tired疲惫的。根据上文"I wasn't the most popular kid in my freshman year—I mostly kept myself buried in a book alone."以及"She was outspoken and fashionable."可知，艾希礼和我很不一样。故选C项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.memorize记忆；B.imagine想象；C.observe 观察；D.refuse拒绝。根据下文"when we became friends!"可知，两个截然不同性格的人称为了朋友，很让人惊讶，令人难以想象。故选B项。
（3）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.hung out闲逛；B.turned up出现；C.showed off 炫耀；D.broke down发生故障。根据上文"in my freshman year"以及下文"did everything together!"可知，两个人一起出去闲逛。故选A项。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.position位置；B.research研究；C.admission准许进入；D.schedule日程安排。根据上文"I looked up to Ashley，and wanted to be all of her."可知，我甚至根据她的兴趣调整了明年的日程安排。故选D项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.follow跟随；B.compare比较；C.guide指导；D.settle解决。根据下文"She just follows you"可知，我会跟着她们。故选A项。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.hero英雄；B.enemy敌人；C.actress女演员；D.loser失败者。根据下文"one girl said.She just follows you，but doesn't have a ____7____ of her own."可知，其他人认为作者是个失败者。故选D项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.determination决心；B.personality个性；C.competition竞争；D.presentation演示。根据上文"She just follows you"可知，她们认为作者没有个性。故选B项。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.nervous紧张的；B.desperate绝望的；C.heartbroken心碎的；D.touched感动的。听到别人对自己不好的评价，一定会心碎。故选C项。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.shaking晃动，颤抖；B.fighting打仗；C.spreading传播；D.waving挥手。根据上文"My eyes began to well with tears"可知，我的手在颤抖。故选A项。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的；B.simple简单的；C.modest谦虚的；D.serious严肃的。根据下文"Just be yourself and people will ___（11）__ you for who you are."可知，母亲给出的建议很简单。故选B项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.select选择；B.praise表扬；C.like喜欢；D.thank感谢。根据上文"Just be yourself"可知，做你自己，人们会喜欢真实的你。故选C项。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.convince说服；B.control控制；C.discover 发现；D.forgive原谅。根据上文"It sounded so profound"可知，它听起来如此深刻，我决定要去发现真实的自己。故选C项。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.changes改变；B.adventures冒险；C.hardships困难；D.options选择。根据下文"bought new clothes I wanted to wear.__（14）__ I began making new friends.I never just followed the crowd."可知，作者经历了很多变化。故选A项。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Obviously明显地；B.Originally原始地；C.Regularly常规地；D.Gradually逐渐地。根据下文"I began making new friends"可知，渐渐地，我开始结交新朋友。故选D项。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.truth事实；B.gift礼物；C.promise承诺；D.chance机会。根据上文作者的改变以及不不随波逐流而是做自己以及下文"they had given me"可知，尽管我感到痛苦，但这是她们给我的礼物。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了让自己痛苦同时又让自己成长的一段友谊。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】habits
【小题3】healthy
【小题4】certainly
【小题5】to eat
【小题6】which
【小题7】With
【小题8】considering
【小题9】is affected
【小题10】choice
【解析】（1）a.考查冠词。句意：我们每天吃什么对我们的健康有很大的影响。结合句意表示"对……有很大的影响"短语为have a great effect on。故填a。
（2）habits.考查名词的数。句意：因此，我们应该尽一切努力改变我们的不良饮食习惯。habit为可数名词，根据上文our bad eating可知数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填habits。
（3）healthy.考查形容词。句意：有些花费我们很多钱的食物是不健康的，比如垃圾食品。根据上文is not可知应填形容词healthy,作表语。故填healthy。
（4）certainly.考查副词。句意：烘焙或油炸食品可能是美味的，但吃太多肯定会导致一些疾病。修饰后文动词短语result in,应用副词certainly,作状语。故填certainly。
（5）to eat.考查不定式。句意：和西方人相比，中国人想要多吃谷物和蔬菜，少吃肉，这是一种很好的饮食习惯。结合句意表示"想要做某事"可知短语为want to do sth.。故填to eat。
（6）which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：和西方人相比，中国人想要多吃谷物和蔬菜，少吃肉，这是一种很好的饮食习惯。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（7）With.考查介词。句意：随着我国的发展，我们现在也吃了很多高糖和高脂肪的食物。结合句意表示"随着……的发展"可知短语为with the development of。句首单词首字母要大写。故填With。
（8）considering.考查动名词。句意：我们正在冒着外出就餐而不考虑饮食平衡的风险。consider作介词without的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填considering。
（9）is affected.考查动词时态语态。句意：我们的健康受到我们选择的食物的影响，所以我们必须记住，我们的食物的选择应该给我们提供我们需要的营养。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为health,谓语用单数。故填is affected。
（10）choice.考查名词。句意：我们的健康受到我们选择的食物的影响，所以我们必须记住，我们的食物的选择应该给我们提供我们需要的营养。空处作主语，表示"选择"应用名词choice,此处表特指应用单数。故填choice。
本文是说明文。由于日常的饮食习惯对我们的健康有着极大的影响，所以我们应该努力改变不良的饮食习惯，养成一种均衡的饮食习惯，并选择有益于我们身体健康的食物。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Smith ，
Knowing that you are interested in a traditional Chinese festival ，which is called Dragon Boat Festival by Chinese ，I am writing to introduce it to you. 【高分句型一】（写信目的）
The dragon boat festival falls on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month in honor of the great poet ，Qu Yuan.As is known to us ，in order to warn the king ，Qu yuan sacrifice his life to jump into the Miluo river.People were touched by his behavior and set the day he died as a festival to show honor to him. （端午节的时间及起源（农历五月初五））On that day ，we often eat rice-dumplings and drink a special wine.Besides ，what should be stressed is the dragon-boat racing ，which is very interesting and exciting. 【高分句型二】People gather on the both sides of the river to watch the participators spare no effort to make for the finishing line. （端午节的习俗）
The dragon boat festivals approaching.Would you like to join us to spend it ？Looking forward to your coming. （邀请他端午节那天和你一起过节）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you are interested in a traditional Chinese festival ，which is called Dragon Boat Festival by Chinese ，I am writing to introduce it to you.
译文：我知道你对中国传统节日很感兴趣，中国人把它叫做端午节，我写信给你介绍一下。
分析：现在分词作状语，which引导非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Besides，what should be stressed is the dragon-boat racing ，which is very interesting and exciting.
译文：另外，应该强调的是赛龙舟，这是非常有趣和令人兴奋的。
分析：what引导主语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Paragraph 1：
Approaching the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.When she knocked at the door，she found the door was locked and her mother was not in.Tired and sad，she sat down in front of the house. 【高分句型一】"Where could my mother be？" she wondered， "was she still angry with me？" Again，the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind.She remembered her rudeness to her mother.Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her，she felt rather ashamed，and tears began to roll down her cheeks. （Jenny回到家，意识到妈妈对她的责备都是出于妈妈对她的关爱）
Paragraph 2：
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.She raised her head and saw the familiar face of her mother. "Here you come!I've been looking for you，" she said，tired and relieved.Jenny couldn't help throwing herself into her mother's arms. "Mum，I'm so sorry and thank you for all you have done for me." She expressed her sincere apology and great gratitude.Hearing this，her mother smiled patting her back gently. 【高分句型二】（Jenny向妈妈道歉，妈妈原谅了Jenny）
【解析】本文为记叙文。Jenny因和母亲争吵而负气离家，在街上得到陌生的面店老板赠予的面条而心生感激，在面店老板的提醒下，她终于认识到了母亲的伟大。
高分句型一：Tired and sad，she sat down in front of the house.
译文：又累又伤心，她在房前坐下。
分析：这句话使用形容词作状语。
高分句型二：Hearing this，her mother smiled patting her back gently.
译文：听了这话，她妈妈微笑着轻轻地拍着她的背。
分析：这句话使用现在分词作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年四川省宜宾市珙县中学高一（下）月考英语试卷（3月份）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
I moved to the Spanish capital，Madrid，nearly two months ago.I am here for a year teaching English in a secondary school as a language assistant.Before I arrived I thought I would be able to adapt to Spanish culture very easily，but my previous expectations have been very different from the reality of Spanish life.
Firstly，I didn't realize how difficult it would be to adapt to the Spanish day and the timing of meals.Spanish "midday" is at 14：00，meaning lunch is never before then.My expectation was that I would be eating lunch at 12：00 to 13：00，but most days it's 15：30 before I eat lunch.Can I really still call this lunch？The same applies to dinner and tea.In the UK，dinner is between 18：00 and 19：00，but now the dinner time is 21：30.The thing I didn't realize is that this affects the Spanish sleeping routine.Eating dinner so late of course means that Spaniards go to bed so much later.It is such a British thing to go to bed at 22：00!
Queuing （排队等候） politely is also something that is very British.I only realized it when I arrived in Spain.I took it for granted that queuing patiently is as the normal thing as in Britain or countries like China，Japan and America.But this definitely isn't the case in Spain.If there's a free table in a restaurant，you can quickly take it，even if there are other people who have been waiting longer than you.
Finally，the reality of the Spanish diet is very different from my expectations.Food products that are so normal in the UK aren't nearly as popular here.
1. According to the passage，when is lunch time in the UK probably？ ______
A. At 14：00. B. At 12：00 to 13：00.
C. After 15：30. D. At 15：30.
2. What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ ______
A. Eating dinner so late. B. Going to bed so early.
C. Eating dinner so early. D. Going to bed so late.
3. How many aspects of cultural differences between Spain and Britain are mentioned in the passage？ ______
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
B
Food sometimes gets poisoned（中毒） with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious， but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物） cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs， meat， vegetables， and many other foods. After entering the body， these tiny living things release（释放） poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals（化合物） can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown， processed， or prepared. For example， many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood， grains， nuts， seeds， beans， and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly， the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally， people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition， some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few day of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons， they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true？ ______
A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.
B. Food poisoning means death.
C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.
D. Food poisoning can be serious.
5. We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning ______ .
A. are always accompanied by a fever
B. are too common to be noted
C. can be noticed within hours
D. can he ignored
6. Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT ______ .
A. some chemicals B. low temperatures
C. some tiny living things D. certain natural materials
7. From Paragraph 5，we can learn that ______ .
A. mushrooms should not be eaten
B. vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C. natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D. different types of food should be handled differently
C
If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what's around. It's called Apple Day but in practice it's more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but since it has caught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.
Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.
There are also varieties developed to suit specific(特定的) local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.
Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园). If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.
8. What can people do at the apple events?
A. Attend experts' lectures. B. Visit fruit-loving families.
C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard. D. Taste many kinds of apples.
9. What can we learn about Decio?
A. It is a new variety. B. It has a strange look.
C. It is rarely seen now. D. It has a special taste.
10. What does the underlined phrase "a pipe dream" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.
11. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To show how to grow apples. B. To introduce an apple festival.
C. To help people select apples. D. To promote apple research.
D
Boxing day is on December 26th，the day after Christmas，and is celebrated in Great Britain and in most areas settled by the British except for the United States of America，including Canada，Australia，and New Zealand.
Despite（尽管） its name，Boxing Day has nothing to do with competition sports.While the exact origins of the holiday are unclear，it is likely that Boxing Day began in England during the Middle Ages.Some historians say the holiday developed because servants（仆人） were asked to work on Christmas Day，but took the following day off.As servants prepared to leave to visit their families，their employers would present them with gift boxes.Another theory is that centuries ago，on the day after Christmas，members of the merchant（商人） class would give boxes containing food and fruit，clothing and money to businessmen and servants.The gifts were an expression of thankfulness，much like today when people receive bonuses（奖金） from their employers because of a well-done job.These gifts，given in boxes，gave the holiday its name， "Boxing Day".
Traditionally，Boxing Day is a day when families get together.It is a day of watching sports games with family.In the past，hunting was one of the favourite activities on this day.People usually went hunting for wrens or foxes.Today，Boxing Day is spent with family and friends with lots of food and sharing of friendship and love.Government buildings and small businesses are closed but the malls are open.Shopping is a popular Boxing Day activity，and the malls are usually filled with bargains.Besides these activities，many businesses，organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating their time，services and money to aid Food Banks，providing gifts for the poor，or helping an individual family that is in need.Boxing Day has mainly become an extension of the Christmas holiday，giving working families one more day as the happy time of a year.
12. On Boxing Day servants probably ______ .
A. took part in competition sports
B. still had to work for employers
C. were allowed to visit their families
D. were given empty boxes by employers
13. Members of the merchant class gave gift boxes to businessmen and servants to ______ .
A. show care and kindness to them
B. thank them for doing a good job
C. provide them with enough money
D. pass on the traditional love and spirit
14. What does the third paragraph mainly discuss？ ______
A. The beginning of Boxing Day. B. The hunting on Boxing Day.
C. The good spirit of Boxing Day. D. The activities on Boxing Day.
15. Why is shopping popular on Boxing Day？ ______
A. Because it is a kind of traditional activity.
B. Because only malls are open on that day.
C. Because things can be bought at a low price.
D. Because people buy things to donate to the poor.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Does failure really exist？
If you believe you have failed，then you have.If you believe you don't have the ability to succeed，then you don't.（1） ______ The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals，failure is born.
（ 2） ______
Most people give themselves out without even realizing it.They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too difficult or their energy dies down.Don't do that! （3） ______ Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart.
Don't believe in a clear finish line for goals.
It's a good idea to set a general timeline，but remember that something will be beyond your control. （4） ______ If you lock yourself into a given timeline，you might make yourself feel like a failure!Instead，take it one day at a time and focus on making progress.
Be sure that you don't see difficulties as failures.
Difficulties mean only one thing：it's not time for your goal to be completed yet.That's it!It doesn't mean you failed；it doesn't mean you're weak；it doesn't mean you'll never achieve your goals. （5） ______ You've got to keep moving forward and find a way over，around，or through the difficulties.
A.Never give up on yourself.
B.Failure only exists in your own mind!
C.That's exactly how failure makes us feel.
D.It simply means you have not done enough yet.
E.You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached.
F.Instead，make up your mind to reach your goal!
G.Work hard and you will be likely to get good results.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
I wasn't the most popular kid in my freshman year—I mostly kept myself buried in a book alone.Ashley was very(21)from me.She was outspoken and fashionable.So you can(22)how surprising when we became friends!During that summer，we(23)and did everything together!
I looked up to Ashley，and wanted to be all of her.I even tailored my next-year(24)to her interests.Later，Ashley introduced me to her group of friends.I would(25)them around.
One day，arriving earlier at the classroom，I overheard what they were talking about. "She's such a（n）(26)，" one girl said. "She just follows you，but doesn't have a(27)of her own." This was the first time I had felt(28).My eyes began to well with tears and my hands were(29).I couldn't stay there anymore.
I ran home and told my mother.The advice she gave was so(30)， "Just be yourself and people will(31)you for who you are." It sounded so profound and I decided I was going to(32)myself.Over the next month，I went through a lot of(33).I bought new clothes I wanted to wear.(34)I began making new friends.I never just followed the crowd.
When I look back，I think of it as the year I grew up.Despite the pain I felt，it was a(35)they had given me.
21. A. free B. absent C. different D. tired
22. A. memorize B. imagine C. observe D. refuse
23. A. hung out B. turned up C. showed off D. broke down
24. A. position B. research C. admission D. schedule
25. A. follow B. compare C. guide D. settle
26. A. hero B. enemy C. actress D. loser
27. A. determination B. personality C. competition D. presentation
28. A. nervous B. desperate C. heartbroken D. touched
29. A. shaking B. fighting C. spreading D. waving
30. A. formal B. simple C. modest D. serious
31. A. select B. praise C. like D. thank
32. A. convince B. control C. discover D. forgive
33. A. changes B. adventures C. hardships D. options
34. A. Obviously B. Originally C. Regularly D. Gradually
35. A. truth B. gift C. promise D. chance
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. What we eat every day has (1) great effect on our health.Therefore,we should make every effort to change our bad eating (2) （habit）.
Some food which costs us a great deal of money is not (3) （health）like junk food.Baked or fried foods may be tasty,but eating too much of them will (4) （certain）result in some illness.
Compared with people in the West,Chinese people want (5) （eat）more grain and vegetables,but less meat, (6) is a good eating habit.However,things are quite different now. (7) the development of our country,we now also are eating a lot of food that is high in sugar and fat.We are running the risk of eating out without (8) （consider）the balance of our diet.
Our health (9) （ affect）by the food we choose,so we must keep it in mind that the (10) （choose） of our food should give us the nutrients we need.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你的留学生同学Smith对中国传统文化很感兴趣，想要了解端午节。请你写信向他介绍中国的传统节日——端午节（Dragon Boat Festival）。包括以下要点：
（1）端午节的时间及起源（农历五月初五）；
（2）端午节的习俗；
（3）邀请他端午节那天和你一起过节。
注意：（ 1）词数80个左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Smith，
_____
Yours， Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jenny was the only child in her family.She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and ran out of the house angrily.She couldn't help crying when she thought of the scolding（责骂） from her mother.Getting around aimlessly in the street for hours，she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat.She stood beside a stand（货摊） for a while，watching the middle-aged man busy doing his business.However，with no money in hand，she had to leave.The man behind the stand noticed Jenny and asked， "Hey，do you want to have the noodles？" "Oh，yes，but I don't have money，" she replied.
"I'll treat you today，" said the man.He brought her a bowl of noodles，the smell so attractive.As she was eating，Jenny cried silently. "What is it？" asked the man kindly."Actually I was just touched by your kindness!" said Jenny as she wiped her tears. "Even a stranger will give me a bowl of noodles，while my mother drove me out of the house." Hearing the words，the man smiled， "I only gave you a bowl of noodles.But it is your mother who has raised you since you were a baby.Can you number the times she cooked for you？Have you expressed your thankfulness to her？"
Jenny sat there，speechless；she remembered her mother's familiar face."A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel grateful.Why haven't I thanked my mum for what she has done for me？" On the way home，Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150词左右。每段的开头语已为你写好；
（2）请按如下格式在相应的位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
Approaching the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.________________
Paragraph 2：
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段My expectation was that I would be eating lunch at 12：00 to 13：00，but most days it's 15：30 before I eat lunch.（我原以为我会在中午12点到13点吃午饭，但大多数时候我都是15点半才吃午饭。）可知，英国人的午餐时间通常是12：00--13：00，故选B。
（2）代词指代题。根据第二段In the UK，dinner is between 18：00 and 19：00，but now the dinner time is 21：30.The thing I didn't realize is that this affects the Spanish sleeping routine.（在英国，晚餐时间是18：00到19：00，但现在晚餐时间是21：30。我没有意识到这会影响西班牙的睡眠习惯。）可知，晚餐时间太晚会影响到西班牙人的睡觉时间。故可猜测this应该指的是"晚餐时间晚"。A.Eating dinner so late晚餐时间晚；B.Going to bed so early这么早就上床睡觉；C.Eating dinner so early这么早就吃晚饭；D.Going to bed so late睡得这么晚。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Firstly，I didn't realize how difficult it would be to adapt to the Spanish day and the timing of meals.（首先，我没有意识到适应西班牙的一天和用餐时间有多难。）Eating dinner so late of course means that Spaniards go to bed so much later.（晚餐吃得这么晚当然意味着西班牙人睡觉要晚得多。）Queuing （排队等候） politely is also something that is very British.（礼貌排队也是非常英国化的东西。）Finally，the reality of the Spanish diet is very different from my expectations.（最后，西班牙饮食的现实与我的预期大相径庭。）可知，文章从四个方面介绍了西班牙与英国的文化差异，即用餐时间，睡觉习惯，排队情况及食物四个方面。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了大约两个月前，"我"搬到了西班牙的首都马德里，进行为期一年的语言助教。和之前的预想不同，"我"发现要适应西班牙的生活和文化并非一件容易的事。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】B、C、B、D
【解析】（1）B. 细节理解题。根据第一段Food poisoning is usually not serious， but some types are deadly.食物中毒通常不严重，但有些食物中毒是致命的和最后一段Most people recover from food poisoning after a few day of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons， they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.大多数人食物中毒后，经过几天的休息和多喝水就会康复。如果人们吃了天然毒药，他们必须马上去医院排空他们的胃。可知一般情况下食物中毒不严重，不会导致死亡。Food poisoning means death表达错误，故选B。
（2）C. 细节理解题。根据第一段The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. 食物中毒的症状通常在吃了有毒食物后的几个小时内就会出现。可知中毒症状能在几小时内被发现，故选C。
（3）B. 细节理解题。根据文章二、三、四段开头句Certain microorganisms（微生物） cause most types of food poisoning. Some chemicals（化合物） can also cause food poisoning.和Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood， grains， nuts， seeds， beans， and mushrooms.某些微生物导致大多数食物中毒。有些化学物质也会导致食物中毒，而有些动植物含有对人体有害的天然毒物。这些食物包括某些种类的海鲜、谷物、坚果、种子、豆类和蘑菇。可知导致食物中毒的原因有：某些微生物，某些化合物，某些含有天然毒素的动植物。选项中A、C、D都被包括，B项低温，不是导致食物中毒的原因。故选B。
（4）D. 推理判断题。根据第五段中Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally， people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild.食物应该放在冰箱里，以防止微生物生长。肉需要彻底煮熟才能杀死任何危险的微生物。人们在吃之前也应该先洗上化学物质的食物。最后，人们不应该吃野生蘑菇或其他在野外生长的食物。介绍的食物储藏，肉类加工，食物清洗和不吃野生食物等信息可知，为了避免食物中毒，不同种类的食物应该有不同的处理方式。故选D。
本文是说明文。介绍了有关食物中毒的知识，包括食物中毒的后果，导致食物中毒的原因，避免食物中毒的措施和食物中毒的康复。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】D、C、B、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了英国的苹果节以及其活动。
1.
根据第二段中Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples.（参观苹果活动是一个很好的可以看到并经常品尝各种各样的苹果的机会。）可知，参加相关庆祝活动的人们可以品尝各种各样的苹果，故选D。
2.
根据第二段中Although it doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat's Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.（虽然它没有什么特别的味道，但它仍然值得一试，就像这个疙疙瘩瘩的Cat's Head 一样，它比其他东西更令人好奇。）可知，由于其奇特的外形，使人们更多地感到好奇，所以Decio这种苹果是非常少见的。故选C。
3.
根据划线词所在句中One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it可知，Orleans Reinette是食用质量最好的品种之一，但你需要一个温暖、有遮蔽的地方和完美的土壤来种植它，即其种植条件非常苛刻，所以对大多数喜欢苹果的人来说很难得到，即划线部分a pipe dream意为“虚幻的希望，百日梦”。故选B。
4.
通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了英国的苹果节以及其活动。结合最后一段中If you want to have a real orchard experience... near Faversham in Kent.可知，作者是希望大家参与这个节日。故选B。
12~15.【答案】C、B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中第三、四两句Some historians say the holiday developed because servants（仆人） were asked to work on Christmas Day，but took the following day off.As servants prepared to leave to visit their families，their employers would present them with gift boxes.（一些历史学家说，这个节日的发展是因为仆人被要求在圣诞节工作，但第二天休息。当仆人准备离开去看望家人时，他们的雇主会送给他们礼盒。）可知，仆人在圣诞节这一天要工作，而第二天（Boxing Day）可以休假去探望亲人。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句The gifts were an expression of thankfulness，much like today when people receive bonuses（奖金） from their employers because of a well-done job.（这些礼物表达了感激之情，就像今天人们因为做得好而从雇主那里获得奖金一样。）可知，送给商人和仆人礼物是为了感谢他们出色的工作。故选B。
（3）段落大意题。阅读第三段，尤其是根据In the past，hunting was one of the favourite activities on this day.（在过去，狩猎是这一天最受欢迎的活动之一。）和Today，Boxing Day is spent with family and friends with lots of food and sharing of friendship and love.（今天，节礼日是与家人和朋友一起度过的，有很多食物，分享友谊和爱。）以及Shopping is a popular Boxing Day activity，and the malls are usually filled with bargains.Besides these activities，many businesses，organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating their time，services and money to aid Food Banks，providing gifts for the poor，or helping an individual family that is in need.（购物是节礼日的一项受欢迎的活动，商场里通常摆满了便宜货。除了这些活动外，许多企业、组织和家庭还试图通过捐赠时间、服务和金钱来帮助食品银行，为穷人提供礼物，或帮助有需要的家庭，来保持节礼日传统精神。）可知，本段主要介绍的是节礼日的一些活动，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段中Shopping is a popular Boxing Day activity，and the malls are usually filled with bargains.（购物是节礼日的一项受欢迎的活动，商场里通常摆满了减价品。）可知，节礼日那天购物是很受欢迎的活动，因为商场推出大量打折商品，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了节礼日的由来以及节礼日的一些活动等。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】B、A、F、E、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句If you believe you have failed，then you have.If you believe you don't have the ability to succeed，then you don't（如果你认为自己失败了，那么你已经失败了。如果你认为你没有能力成功，那么你就没有），可知表示"失败只存在于你自己的心中"的选项B可以承接前文介绍自己的看法对于失败的影响的语境，exists in your own mind是关键词，故选B。
（2）主题判断题。根据后句Most people give themselves out without even realizing it.They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too difficult or their energy dies down.Don't do that...Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart（大多数人甚至在没有意识到的情况下就放弃了自己。他们只在等到事情变得太难或精力耗尽时才愿意为实现自己的目标而努力。不要这样做......永远不要放弃，永远不要承认失败，永远不要灰心），可知表示"永远不要放弃自己"的选项A可以作为本段的主题，Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart是关键词，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句Most people give themselves out without even realizing it.They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too difficult or their energy dies down.Don't do that（大多数人甚至在没有意识到的情况下就放弃了自己。他们只在等到事情变得太难或精力耗尽时才愿意为实现自己的目标而努力。不要这样做），可知表示"相反，下定决心实现你的目标"的选项F可以和前文构成转折关系，give themselves out和reach your goal是关键词，故选F。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句It's a good idea to set a general timeline，but remember that something will be beyond your control（设定一个大致的时间表是个好主意，但要记住，有些事情会超出你的控制范围），可知表示"你永远无法确切地说出你的目标何时实现"的选项E可以承接前句，beyond your control和never say exactly when your goal will be reached是关键词，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句Difficulties mean only one thing：it's not time for your goal to be completed yet.That's it!It doesn't mean you failed；it doesn't mean you're weak；it doesn't mean you'll never achieve your goals（困难只意味着一件事：现在还不是完成目标的时候。就这样！这并不意味着你失败了；这并不意味着你很软弱；这并不意味着你永远不会实现你的目标），可知表示"这只是意味着你做得还不够"的选项D可以承接前文对于困难真正意义的语境，it doesn't mean和It simply means是关键词，故选D。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了几个对待失败正确的方法。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】C、B、A、D、A、D、B、C、A、B、C、C、A、D、B
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.free免费的；B.absent缺席的；C.different不同的；D.tired疲惫的。根据上文"I wasn't the most popular kid in my freshman year—I mostly kept myself buried in a book alone."以及"She was outspoken and fashionable."可知，艾希礼和我很不一样。故选C项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.memorize记忆；B.imagine想象；C.observe 观察；D.refuse拒绝。根据下文"when we became friends!"可知，两个截然不同性格的人称为了朋友，很让人惊讶，令人难以想象。故选B项。
（3）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.hung out闲逛；B.turned up出现；C.showed off 炫耀；D.broke down发生故障。根据上文"in my freshman year"以及下文"did everything together!"可知，两个人一起出去闲逛。故选A项。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.position位置；B.research研究；C.admission准许进入；D.schedule日程安排。根据上文"I looked up to Ashley，and wanted to be all of her."可知，我甚至根据她的兴趣调整了明年的日程安排。故选D项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.follow跟随；B.compare比较；C.guide指导；D.settle解决。根据下文"She just follows you"可知，我会跟着她们。故选A项。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.hero英雄；B.enemy敌人；C.actress女演员；D.loser失败者。根据下文"one girl said.She just follows you，but doesn't have a ____7____ of her own."可知，其他人认为作者是个失败者。故选D项。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.determination决心；B.personality个性；C.competition竞争；D.presentation演示。根据上文"She just follows you"可知，她们认为作者没有个性。故选B项。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.nervous紧张的；B.desperate绝望的；C.heartbroken心碎的；D.touched感动的。听到别人对自己不好的评价，一定会心碎。故选C项。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.shaking晃动，颤抖；B.fighting打仗；C.spreading传播；D.waving挥手。根据上文"My eyes began to well with tears"可知，我的手在颤抖。故选A项。
（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的；B.simple简单的；C.modest谦虚的；D.serious严肃的。根据下文"Just be yourself and people will ___（11）__ you for who you are."可知，母亲给出的建议很简单。故选B项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.select选择；B.praise表扬；C.like喜欢；D.thank感谢。根据上文"Just be yourself"可知，做你自己，人们会喜欢真实的你。故选C项。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.convince说服；B.control控制；C.discover 发现；D.forgive原谅。根据上文"It sounded so profound"可知，它听起来如此深刻，我决定要去发现真实的自己。故选C项。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.changes改变；B.adventures冒险；C.hardships困难；D.options选择。根据下文"bought new clothes I wanted to wear.__（14）__ I began making new friends.I never just followed the crowd."可知，作者经历了很多变化。故选A项。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.Obviously明显地；B.Originally原始地；C.Regularly常规地；D.Gradually逐渐地。根据下文"I began making new friends"可知，渐渐地，我开始结交新朋友。故选D项。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.truth事实；B.gift礼物；C.promise承诺；D.chance机会。根据上文作者的改变以及不不随波逐流而是做自己以及下文"they had given me"可知，尽管我感到痛苦，但这是她们给我的礼物。故选B项。
这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了让自己痛苦同时又让自己成长的一段友谊。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】a
【小题2】habits
【小题3】healthy
【小题4】certainly
【小题5】to eat
【小题6】which
【小题7】With
【小题8】considering
【小题9】is affected
【小题10】choice
【解析】（1）a.考查冠词。句意：我们每天吃什么对我们的健康有很大的影响。结合句意表示"对……有很大的影响"短语为have a great effect on。故填a。
（2）habits.考查名词的数。句意：因此，我们应该尽一切努力改变我们的不良饮食习惯。habit为可数名词，根据上文our bad eating可知数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填habits。
（3）healthy.考查形容词。句意：有些花费我们很多钱的食物是不健康的，比如垃圾食品。根据上文is not可知应填形容词healthy,作表语。故填healthy。
（4）certainly.考查副词。句意：烘焙或油炸食品可能是美味的，但吃太多肯定会导致一些疾病。修饰后文动词短语result in,应用副词certainly,作状语。故填certainly。
（5）to eat.考查不定式。句意：和西方人相比，中国人想要多吃谷物和蔬菜，少吃肉，这是一种很好的饮食习惯。结合句意表示"想要做某事"可知短语为want to do sth.。故填to eat。
（6）which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：和西方人相比，中国人想要多吃谷物和蔬菜，少吃肉，这是一种很好的饮食习惯。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（7）With.考查介词。句意：随着我国的发展，我们现在也吃了很多高糖和高脂肪的食物。结合句意表示"随着……的发展"可知短语为with the development of。句首单词首字母要大写。故填With。
（8）considering.考查动名词。句意：我们正在冒着外出就餐而不考虑饮食平衡的风险。consider作介词without的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填considering。
（9）is affected.考查动词时态语态。句意：我们的健康受到我们选择的食物的影响，所以我们必须记住，我们的食物的选择应该给我们提供我们需要的营养。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为health,谓语用单数。故填is affected。
（10）choice.考查名词。句意：我们的健康受到我们选择的食物的影响，所以我们必须记住，我们的食物的选择应该给我们提供我们需要的营养。空处作主语，表示"选择"应用名词choice,此处表特指应用单数。故填choice。
本文是说明文。由于日常的饮食习惯对我们的健康有着极大的影响，所以我们应该努力改变不良的饮食习惯，养成一种均衡的饮食习惯，并选择有益于我们身体健康的食物。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Smith ，
Knowing that you are interested in a traditional Chinese festival ，which is called Dragon Boat Festival by Chinese ，I am writing to introduce it to you. 【高分句型一】（写信目的）
The dragon boat festival falls on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month in honor of the great poet ，Qu Yuan.As is known to us ，in order to warn the king ，Qu yuan sacrifice his life to jump into the Miluo river.People were touched by his behavior and set the day he died as a festival to show honor to him. （端午节的时间及起源（农历五月初五））On that day ，we often eat rice-dumplings and drink a special wine.Besides ，what should be stressed is the dragon-boat racing ，which is very interesting and exciting. 【高分句型二】People gather on the both sides of the river to watch the participators spare no effort to make for the finishing line. （端午节的习俗）
The dragon boat festivals approaching.Would you like to join us to spend it ？Looking forward to your coming. （邀请他端午节那天和你一起过节）
Yours， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you are interested in a traditional Chinese festival ，which is called Dragon Boat Festival by Chinese ，I am writing to introduce it to you.
译文：我知道你对中国传统节日很感兴趣，中国人把它叫做端午节，我写信给你介绍一下。
分析：现在分词作状语，which引导非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Besides，what should be stressed is the dragon-boat racing ，which is very interesting and exciting.
译文：另外，应该强调的是赛龙舟，这是非常有趣和令人兴奋的。
分析：what引导主语从句，which引导非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Paragraph 1：
Approaching the doorway，Jenny took a deep breath.When she knocked at the door，she found the door was locked and her mother was not in.Tired and sad，she sat down in front of the house. 【高分句型一】"Where could my mother be？" she wondered， "was she still angry with me？" Again，the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind.She remembered her rudeness to her mother.Realizing that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her，she felt rather ashamed，and tears began to roll down her cheeks. （Jenny回到家，意识到妈妈对她的责备都是出于妈妈对她的关爱）
Paragraph 2：
A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back.She raised her head and saw the familiar face of her mother. "Here you come!I've been looking for you，" she said，tired and relieved.Jenny couldn't help throwing herself into her mother's arms. "Mum，I'm so sorry and thank you for all you have done for me." She expressed her sincere apology and great gratitude.Hearing this，her mother smiled patting her back gently. 【高分句型二】（Jenny向妈妈道歉，妈妈原谅了Jenny）
【解析】本文为记叙文。Jenny因和母亲争吵而负气离家，在街上得到陌生的面店老板赠予的面条而心生感激，在面店老板的提醒下，她终于认识到了母亲的伟大。
高分句型一：Tired and sad，she sat down in front of the house.
译文：又累又伤心，她在房前坐下。
分析：这句话使用形容词作状语。
高分句型二：Hearing this，her mother smiled patting her back gently.
译文：听了这话，她妈妈微笑着轻轻地拍着她的背。
分析：这句话使用现在分词作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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