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2023届河北省衡水中学高三下学期适应性考试英语试题（含解析）
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这是一份2023届河北省衡水中学高三下学期适应性考试英语试题（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，告知信/通知，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届河北省衡水中学高三下学期适应性考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Big Thinkers Series
The 2022 Big Thinkers Series from New Scientist events features four online talks, covering a wide range of topics by world-class scientist speakers and experts. If you are curious about your planet or your universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.
Save £20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available on-demand) or purchase single tickets for just £13 per lecture (available by early booking).
Reality+: From the Matrix to the Metaverse with David Chalmers
In this talk, philosopher David Chalmers argues that Metaverse-style virtual worlds experienced through headsets are also genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR.
What we don’t know about gravity with Claudia de Rham
We are all familiar with the concept of gravity. In this talk, Professor Claudia de Rham will explore how much we actually know about gravity and how much more there is left to uncover.
A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad Orzel
From Stonehenge to atomic clocks, here is the 5, 000-year history of how science is used to mark time. Chad Orzel, the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog, offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky (反常的) historical detail.
Physics at the End of the universe with Katie Mack
The Big Bang theory tells the story of the beginning of the universe for the last 13. 8 billion years. But how does the story end? Join astronomer Katie Mack as she shares what modern astrophysics tells us about the final fate of the universe.
1．How much does a series ticket cost?
A．£13. B．£20. C．£30. D．£32.
2．What will Chad Orzel lecture in?
A．The genuine reality. B．The secrets of gravity.
C．The history of time marking. D．The final fate of the universe.
3．What do the four talks have in common?
A．They are all aimed at science lovers. B．They are all concerned with gravity.
C．They will all be given by bestselling authors. D．They will all be given by excellent physicians.
Helga Stentzel’s Clothesline Animals combine charming images as fine art prints in various sizes.
As an artist whose style she calls “household surrealism (超现实主义)”，she works in various media and has a large collection of works. Instead of throwing an old pair of pants or T-shirt away, Helga Stentzel puts her tired garments out to the farm. By hanging them on a simple clothesline she sets up and folding them artfully that look like animals, she takes wonderful pictures. Some are shot in real locations while others are digitally placed in environments in charming form with appealing colors.
Siberian-born Stentzel has cooperated with many respectable and well-known brands, one of which is Hogar Verde, a bio-friendly laundry products brand in Ecuador. For them she has created the adorable clothing illusions (错觉) for a print ad campaign，which also drew attention to the endangered animals shown within, like dinosaurs, polar bears and so on.
Stentzel’s practice started from her childhood in Siberia, where she spent hours surveying her grandmother’s carpet, woods and random objects for recognizable forms, including a pile of buckets looking like the Leaning Tower of Pisa.
In what seems a very simple gesture, Stentzel’s works employ household items and turn them into surrealist images that uncover different reading layers. From food to clothes, the artist is inspired by everyday objects and gives them a second life through her creative and really poetic personal angle.
“I stare at things longer than socially acceptable! It can be anything—a chair, a noodle hanging off the fork, a lamp post in the middle of the road. Observation is a form of thinking for me. I really enjoy studying colors, shapes and textures—with no expectation, simply admiring their unique beauty. Very often there’s nothing more to it, but sometimes BOOM!—a creative idea hits my brain, and it makes a link between sliced bread and wrinkled skin of a French bulldog. It’s very unpredictable,”Stentzel said.
4．How did Stentzel create an artwork according to paragraph2?
A．By designing clothes on software.
B．By painting animals in various colors.
C．By taking photos of animals on the farm.
D．By hanging clothes folded in animal shapes.
5．What is Stentzel’s source of inspiration?
A．Daily items. B．Tourist attractions.
C．Random surveys. D．Childhood adventures.
6．Which of the following can best describe Stentzel’s fine art prints?
A．Complex and digital. B．Meaningful and creative.
C．Poetic but commercial. D．Ordinary but bio-friendly.
7．What can we learn from Stentzel’s story?
A．Art can give people a second life.
B．Artworks are from life yet above life.
C．Creation is from intentional observation.
D．Cooperation results in adorable artworks.
In a major step forward for monitoring the biodiversity of marine(海洋的)systems, a new study published in the journal Environmental DNA details how Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI) researchers are using autonomous underwater robots to sample environmental DNA(eDNA), which allows scientists to detect the presence of aquatic species from the tiny bits of genetic(遗传学的) material they leave behind. This “DNA soup” offers clues about biodiversity changes in sensitive areas and the presence of rare or endangered species-all critical to understanding and preserving a healthy ocean.
Researchers combined two novel autonomous platforms developed by MBARI for this study-the Long-Range Autonomous Underwater Vehicle(LRAUV) and the Environmental Sample Processor(ESP). The LRAUV can travel for weeks at a time and for hundreds of kilometers. It can enable more frequent sampling in remote sites than traditional research ships. The ESP is a robotic “laboratory-in-a-can” that filters(过滤) seawater and preserves eDNA for future study. By equipping an LRAUV with ESP technology, researchers can monitor the ocean better.
“We know that eDNA is an incredibly powerful tool for studying ocean communities, but we’ve been limited by what we can accomplish using expensive crewed research ships. Now, autonomous technology is helping us make better use of our time and resources to study previously unsurveyed regions of the ocean,” said Kobun Truelove, a biological oceanographer at MBARI and the lead author of the paper.
Marine biodiversity is a measure of the abundance of individuals and species in the ocean. This interconnected mixture of organisms supports food webs, produces the air we breathe, and regulates our climate. Autonomous tools like the LRAUV and ESP enable MBARI researchers to monitor changes in sensitive ecosystems in ways that were not possible previously.
“Ship-based research will continue to play an important role in oceanographic studies, but adding new autonomous technology to the toolkit will expand capacity for research, monitoring, and resource management,” said Truelove.
8．What do the underlined words “aquatic species” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Those living in water. B．Those growing near water.
C．Those becoming endangered. D．Those consuming eDNA．
9．What can the LRAUV do?
A．Filter seawater effectively.
B．Preserve eDNA for future study.
C．Travel for months at a time in the ocean.
D．Reach remote areas of the ocean frequently.
10．What can we infer from Truelove’s words?
A．Autonomous technology is more economical and efficient.
B．Ship-based research is more time-saving and energy-saving.
C．Autonomous robots have entirely replaced traditional research ships.
D．Crewed research ships help researchers study new parts of the ocean.
11．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Researchers Discover a “DNA Soup”
B．Autonomous Technology Needs Improving
C．Robots Sample eDNA to Monitor Ocean Health
D．The Biodiversity of the Ocean Needs Protection
Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.
We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too.
Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are historically actually wired to track and manage. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking.
Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’s a close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful.
The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been: mutual (相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows, a give and take of acceptance and support, and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts. But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.
12．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand?
A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents.
C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently.
13．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media?
A．Exciting. B．Challenging. C．Money-saving. D．Risk-taking.
14．What should be changed according to the last paragraph?
A．The qualities of being a teen friend.
B．The conflicts between schools and parents.
C．The relations between parents and their teens.
D．The influences of social media on teen friendship.
15．What is the text mainly about?
A．Why more teens are addicted to social media
B．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships
C．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful
D．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers’ needs
二、七选五
Work from Anywhere Movement
For a lot of us, working from wherever we wanted was a bit of a dream. It would mean we’d be able to visit family and not take holiday days. But suddenly that “dream” of not working in the office became a reality for many. Working from home over the last years has proven that it isn’t always necessary for teams to physically be together and there is more flexibility. 16
An obvious benefit for many employers is reduced costs. With a widespread workforce, there’s no need to have an office big enough for everyone. They also save on travel costs, as meetings that once “needed” to be done face-to-face can now be done online. 17 With the work from anywhere movement, employers can hire global talents. They’re not restricted to people living nearby.
18 In an ever changing and developing working world, offering benefits like this could be what makes a company stand out from another for a specific candidate.
For many employees, working from anywhere supports mental health. 19 Imagine ending a particularly stressful meeting. Rather than going back to your office desk, you step out your door and have a coffee in the sun or walk along a beach. In Addition, working from anywhere allows you to have a better work-life balance. It lets you travel to see family, watch your daughter’s soccer game, and go to the little bakery—all while being paid. 20
A．But it’s not only about money.
B．However, every coin has two sides.
C．It decreases stress and other concerns.
D．Your time is spent on the things that matter.
E．There are a lot of benefits for companies and workers.
F．Offering remote job positions makes a company more competitive.
G．Offices are increasingly where you go to put the company into company.
三、完形填空
Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world.It is quite 21 to choose whom to admit. 22 ,in the chaos of SAT scores and recommendations, one 23 is always irresistible in a candidate：kindness.
The most surprising 24 of kindness I’ve ever 25 came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor(顾问).Even with these qualifications,he might not have 26 .But one letter of recommendation caught my eye.It was from a school security 27 .Letters of recommendation are typically written by people like former presidents,celebrities,and Olympic athletes.
The security guard wrote that he supported this student’s admission because of his 28 . This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms,consistently 29 the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up the classroom after his peers left school 30 nobody was watching. This student, the security guard wrote, had a(n) 31 respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.
It gave us a 32 onto a student’s life in the moments when nothing“counted”. That student was admitted by unanimous(一致的)vote of the admissions committee.
Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations 33 this essay.But if it means students will start paying as much 34 to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers,I’m happy to help start that 35 .
21．A．decent B．difficult C．delicate D．desperate
22．A．However B．Otherwise C．Besides D．Therefore
23．A．ability B．quality C．limitation D．assumption
24．A．signal B．image C．appearance D．indication
25．A．come out B．pick up C．come across D．bring up
26．A．stood up B．stood out C．given up D．given out
27．A．guard B．teacher C．principal D．counselor
28．A．wisdom B．bravery C．encouragement D．consideration
29．A．bothered B．answered C．visited D．thanked
30．A．as if B．now that C．even if D．in order that
31．A．demanding B．amusing C．refreshing D．puzzling
32．A．passion B．trouble C．method D．window
33．A．due to B．in need of C．except for D．along with
34．A．money B．notice C．attention D．curiosity
35．A．policy B．trend C．arrangement D．career
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Discoveries made during the latest excavation of Pit No.1 at the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, China’s first emperor, have allowed Chinese archaeologists to gain more insight into 36 the world-famous Terracotta Warriors and their weapons were made.
According to a recent report archaeologists 37 (restore) more than 140 Terracotta Warriors. They discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed 38 the arms were attached. 39 (additional), the pit has yielded a variety of weapons, including long-range attack weapons, shields for defense, as well as drums and drumsticks used for commanding soldiers.
“The Terracotta Warriors used a very special mechanism to connect pieces together. Such 40 (wise) was unique to China,” Lv Qiuxia, 41 expert on ancient Chinese art, told the Global Times on Wednesday. Lv added that the way the warriors were made differed based on their social status and class. “When 42 (analyze) how they were made, we noticed that the warriors were divided into different classes. This contributes to research 43 the burial culture of the Terracotta Warriors.” the expert noted.
Through excavations, Chinese researchers have established the types and arrangement of weapons 44 (use) by the Terracotta Warriors as well as the formations and patterns of the 45 (mystery) underground army.
五、告知信/通知
46．为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会将在2023年10月6日于校演讲厅举行“诗歌朗诵大赛”(Poetry Recitation Contest)，并邀请学校国际部学生参加。请你根据提示写一则书面通知。
内容要点包括；
1. 大赛的目的；
2. 大赛的时间、地点；
3. 朗诵内容：唐诗 (Tang poetry)。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice
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Students’ Union
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I sat at the breakfast table with my four-year-old son, Matthew, trying to ignore the ache in my stomach. “Mama, want to play?” “Not today, baby.” I shook my head. These days I could barely get out of bed. I was still recovering from an operation. I hoped for strength and happiness, but the future seemed so hopeless.
Suddenly, Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor. “Bird!” he shouted, rushing to our courtyard. Sure enough, there was a white dove seated in a rubber tree (橡胶树). It sat there for a few moments, and then flew away. Strange, I’d never seen one in our neighborhood before.
When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. This time it was with a mate carrying sticks. “Look Matthew,” I said, pointing to the tree. “They’re going to make a nest.” The doves flew in and out of the courtyard all week, building on top of the rubber tree.
Matthew could hardly contain his excitement. Every morning, he’d run into the kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door (滑动玻璃门), talking to the birds while they worked. His happiness was influential. As much as I was sad, I couldn’t help but look forward to the doves’ visits too.
Then it all went wrong. The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest, but the rubber tree’s broad, thin leaves were far from stable. One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground. I heard the twigs (细枝) break apart.
I surveyed the damage. Nothing good ever lasted. I wouldn’t blame the doves if they never came back. But they returned. And they paid no attention to the pile of sticks that had once been their nest. They started again from the beginning. Again, though, the wind destroyed all their hard work. The next day, and the next, they started again, as if nothing had happened.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I knew I had to do something.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“It works! The birds are back!” Matthew announced.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍《新科学家》举办的2022年大思想家系列活动的四场在线讲座。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Save £20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available on-demand) or purchase single tickets for just £13 per lecture (available by early booking).(购买“大思想家”系列所有四场演讲的系列票(可按需购买)或购买单场票价仅为13英镑(可提前预订)，可以节省标准票价20英镑)”可知，单场的票价是13英镑，购买一个系列可以节约20英镑，因此买一个系列的票价为：4*13-20=32（英镑）。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad Orzel部分的“From Stonehenge to atomic clocks, here is the 5, 000-year history of how science is used to mark time. Chad Orzel, the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog, offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky (反常的) historical detail.(从巨石阵到原子钟，这是5000年来科学如何用来标记时间的历史。Chad Orzel是国际畅销书《如何教你的狗量子物理》的作者，他通过科学理论和离奇的历史细节为我们提供了一段诙谐的旅程)”可知，Chad Orzel的讲座是关于时间标记的历史。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段的“If you are curious about your planet or your universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.(如果你对你的星球或宇宙感到好奇，那么这个系列是你听到最新研究的地方)”可知，这四个讲座的共同之处是它们都是针对科学爱好者。故选A。
4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍Stentzel的“有意义、有创造性的”美术版画。从Stentzel的故事中了解到“艺术作品来源于生活，但又高于生活。”
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“By hanging them on a simple clothesline she sets up and folding them artfully that look like animals,she takes wonderful pictures.（她把它们挂在简单的晾衣绳上，然后巧妙地折叠成动物的样子，拍出了美妙的照片。）”可知，Stentzel是通过把叠成动物形状的衣服挂起来创作艺术品的。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段“Stentzel’s practice started from her childhood in Siberia, where she spent hours surveying her grandmother’s carpet, woods and random objects for recognizable forms, including a pile of buckets looking like the Leaning Tower of Pisa.（Stentzel的实践始于她在西伯利亚的童年，在那里她花了几个小时研究她祖母的地毯、树林和随机物体，以寻找可识别的形式，包括一堆看起来像比萨斜塔的水桶。）”可知，Stentzel的灵感来源是日常生活用品。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I stare at things longer than socially acceptable! It can be anything—a chair, a noodle hanging off the fork,a lamp post in the middle of the road. Observation is a form of thinking for me. I really enjoy studying colors, shapes and textures—with no expectation, simply admiring their unique beauty. Very often there’s nothing more to it,but sometimes BOOM!—a creative idea hits my brain, and it makes a link between sliced bread and wrinkled skin of a French bulldog. It’s very unpredictable（我盯着东西看的时间超过了社会所能接受的时间!它可以是任何东西——一把椅子，一根挂在叉子上的面条，路中间的一根灯柱。对我来说，观察是一种思考方式。我真的很喜欢研究颜色、形状和纹理——没有任何期望，只是欣赏它们独特的美。通常没有更多的东西，但有时BOOM!一个创造性的想法突然出现在我的脑海里，它把切片面包和皱巴巴的法国斗牛犬的皮肤联系在了一起。这是不可预测的）”可知，“有意义和创造性”最能描述Stentzel的美术版画。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Helga Stentzel’s Clothesline Animals combine charming images as fine art prints in various sizes.（Helga Stentzel的晾衣绳动物结合了各种尺寸的迷人图像作为精美的艺术印刷品。）”和最后一段中“I stare at things longer than socially acceptable! It can be anything—a chair, a noodle hanging off the fork,a lamp post in the middle of the road. Observation is a form of thinking for me. I really enjoy studying colors, shapes and textures—with no expectation, simply admiring their unique beauty. Very often there’s nothing more to it,but sometimes BOOM!—a creative idea hits my brain, and it makes a link between sliced bread and wrinkled skin of a French bulldog. It’s very unpredictable（我盯着东西看的时间超过了社会所能接受的时间!它可以是任何东西——一把椅子，一根挂在叉子上的面条，路中间的一根灯柱。对我来说，观察是一种思考方式。我真的很喜欢研究颜色、形状和纹理——没有任何期望，只是欣赏它们独特的美。通常没有更多的东西，但有时BOOM!一个创造性的想法突然出现在我的脑海里，它把切片面包和皱巴巴的法国斗牛犬的皮肤联系在了一起。这是不可预测的）”可知，我们能从Stentzel的故事中了解到“艺术作品来源于生活，但又高于生活。”故选B。
8．A 9．D 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对环境DNA进行采样以监测海洋健康的最新技术。
8．词句猜测题。根据上下文语境以及上文的“In a major step forward for monitoring the biodiversity of marine systems（这是监测海洋生物多样性的重要一步）”可知，科学家监测的是海洋生物，所以画线词也应该指的是“海洋中的生物”。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The LRAUV can travel for weeks at a time and for hundreds of kilometers. It can enable more frequent sampling in remote sites than traditional research ships.（LRAUV一次可以航行数周，航行数百公里。与传统的科考船相比，它可以在偏远地区进行更频繁的采样）”可知，远程自主水下航行器(LRA UV) 可以经常到达海洋的偏远地区。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段的句子“Now, autonomous technology is helping us make better use of our time and resources to study previously unsurveyed regions of the ocean,” said Kobun Truelove, a biological oceanographer at MBARI and the lead author of the paper.（“我们知道eDNA是研究海洋群落的一个非常强大的工具，但我们一直受到使用昂贵的载人研究船所能完成的限制。现在，自主技术正在帮助我们更好地利用我们的时间和资源来研究以前未调查的海洋区域”，MBARI的生物海洋学家、该论文的主要作者Kobun Truelove说）”可以推论出，自主技术更加经济、高效。故选A项。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“In a major step forward for monitoring the biodiversity of marine systems, a new study published in the journal Environmental DNA details how Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI) researchers are using autonomous underwater robots to sample environmental DNA(eDNA), which allows scientists to detect the presence of aquatic species from the tiny bits of genetic material they leave behind. ”（在监测海洋系统生物多样性方面迈出了重要一步，发表在《环境DNA》杂志上的一项新研究详细介绍了蒙特利湾水族馆研究所(MBARI)的研究人员如何使用自主水下机器人对环境DNA进行采样，这使得科学家能够从水生物种留下的微小遗传物质中检测到它们的存在。）可知，本文主要介绍了对环境DNA进行采样以监测海洋健康的最新技术。所以，用C项“Robots Sample eDNA to Monitor Ocean Health”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。
12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends.(他们的社交网络不断扩大，很大程度上是因为他们觉得友善意味着接受来自熟人和朋友的朋友的请求。)”可知，让青少年的社交网络不断扩大的是友善的压力。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another.(在社交媒体时代，试图成为“好朋友”会带来巨大的压力。友谊需要公开和幕后的支持。甚至在社交媒体帖子被公开之前，亲密的朋友就可以参与照片的选择、编辑和最终检查。此外，他们需要以正确的方式和适当的时间做出回应，这在不同的关系中是不同的。)”可知，在社交媒体时代做一个好朋友是具有挑战性的。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.(但科技已经改变了友谊的发展方式。社交媒体增加了成为好朋友的负担。通常情况下，这些动态对青少年的影响是成年人所忽视的。在家长、学校和社会其他方面的帮助下，这种情况应该得到改变。)”可知，根据最后一段，应该改变的是社交媒体对青少年友谊的影响。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.(但是，当我们担心那些正在挣扎的青少年时，我们不能忽视另一个日益增加的影响——在一个“永远在线”的世界里，他们的朋友和同龄人所承担的负担。)”可知，本文主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的，故选C。
16．E 17．A 18．F 19．C 20．D
【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了讲随时随地工作对老板和员工都有好处。
16．上文“Working from home over the last years has proven that it isn’t always necessary for teams to physically be together and there is more flexibility. (过去几年在家工作已经证明，团队并不总是需要在一起，更具有灵活性)”说明的是居家工作的好处，因此E项“这对公司和员工都有很多好处”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据本段首句“An obvious benefit for many employers is reduced costs. (对许多雇主来说, 一个明显的好处是降低成本)”说明的是好处不仅仅在钱方面，对于公司招揽人才也是有利的，本段主旨是降低开销，因此A项“但这不仅仅是钱的问题。”符合语境，故选A。
18．下文“In an ever changing and developing working world, offering benefits like this could be what makes a company stand out from another for a specific candidate. (在一个不断变化和发展的工作世界里，提供这样的福利可能会让一家公司在特定的候选人中脱颖而出。)”中的“offering benefits like this”， this与F选项“offering remote job positions(提供远程工作岗位)”匹配，因此F项“提供远程工作岗位使公司更具竞争力。”符合语境，故选F。
19．上文“For many employees, working from anywhere supports mental health. (对许多员工来说，在任何地方工作都有助于心理健康。)”说明的是心理健康的好处，因此C项“这能减少压力和其他顾虑”符合语境，故选C。
20．上文“In Addition, working from anywhere allows you to have a better work-life balance. It lets you travel to see family, watch your daughter’s soccer game, and go to the little bakery—all while being paid. (此外，在任何地方工作都可以让你更好地平衡工作与生活。它可以让你去看望家人，看女儿的足球比赛，去小面包店，所有这些都是在带薪状态下完成的。)”说明远程办公对家庭关系以及家人重要事情的好处，因此D项“你的时间花在重要的事情上” 是对上文例子的总结，符合语境，故选D。
21．B 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．D 30．C 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者每年都要审批来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请。要选择录取谁是相当困难的。然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。一名保安因为一名学生的体贴和尊重而写了一封推荐信。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要选择录取谁是相当困难的。A. decent体面的；B. difficult困难的；C. delicate脆弱的；D. desperate绝望的。根据上文“Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world.(每年我都要阅读来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请)”可知，申请人很多，所以要选择录取谁是相当困难的。故选B。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides此外；D. Therefore因此。后文“is always irresistible in a candidate”提到了不可抗拒的品质，与上文很难选择录取谁构成转折关系，应用however。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A. ability能力；B. quality品质；C. limitation限制；D. assumption假设。后文“is always irresistible in a candidate: kindness”可知，善良是一种品质。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学指导老师给他推荐了一封支持性的信。A. signal信号；B. image图像；C. appearance外表；D. indication表现，指示。根据后文“of kindness”可知，这里指善良的表现，应用indication。故选D。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我所遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学指导老师给他推荐了一封支持性的信。A. come out出版；B. pick up捡起；C. come across遇见；D. bring up提出。根据上文“of kindness I’ve ever”可知，这里指作者遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现。故选C。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使有这些资历，他也未必能脱颖而出。A. stood up站立；B. stood out突出；C. given up放弃；D. given out分发。根据上文“Even with these qualifications, he might not have”可知，有了好的资历，按理说可以在申请人中脱颖而出，故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自学校保安。A. guard保安；B. teacher老师；C. principal原则；D. counselor顾问。根据后文“The security guard wrote”可知，信来自学校保安。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，出于他的体贴，他支持这名学生入学。A. wisdom智慧；B. bravery勇敢；C. encouragement鼓励；D. consideration考虑，体贴。根据后文“This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff.(这个年轻人是学校里唯一一个知道警卫人员名字的人)”可知，学生很体贴，会记住一个普通人的名字。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控（总是对着监控致谢），在同学们离开教室后收拾教室，即使没有人在看。A. bothered打扰；B. answered回答；C. visited参观；D. thanked感谢。根据上文“He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently”可知，学生很有礼貌，在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控（总是对着监控致谢），故选D。
30．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控，在同学们离开教室后收拾教室，即使没有人在看。A. as if好像；B. now that既然；C. even if即使；D. in order that为了。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用even if。故选C。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，这个学生对学校里的每个人都有一种令人精神振奋的尊敬，不管他们的地位、声望或权力如何。A. demanding要求高的；B. amusing有趣的；C. refreshing令人精神振奋的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据后文“respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power”可知，这个学生尊重每一个人，对学校里的每个人都有一种令人精神振奋的尊敬（极其尊重他人），故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它为我们打开了一扇窗，让我们一窥学生生活中那些“无足轻重”的时刻。A. passion激情；B. trouble麻烦；C. method方法；D. window窗户。根据后文“onto a student’s life”可知，指学生生活的窗口，故选D。
33．考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于这篇文章，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐。A. due to因为；B. in need of需要；C. except for除了；D. along with和……一起。根据“this essay”可知，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐是因为这封推荐信。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。A. money钱；B. notice通知；C. attention注意力；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后文“to the people who clean their classrooms”指关注打扫教室的人，短语pay attention to表示“注意”。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。A. policy政策；B. trend趋势；C. arrangement安排；D. career事业。上文“to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that”提到学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，这是一种趋势。故选B。
36．how 37．have restored 38．before 39．Additionally 40．wisdom 41．an 42．analyzing 43．into/on 44．used 45．mysterious
【导语】本文是新闻报道。讲述了对兵马俑有了新发现，对兵马俑及其武器的制造过程有了更多的了解。
36．考查连接副词。句意：中国第一个皇帝秦始皇陵墓一号坑的最新发掘发现，使中国考古学家对世界闻名的兵马俑及其武器的制造过程有了更多的了解。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词引导，根据句意，应用how引导。故填how。
37．考查动词时态。句意：根据最近的一份报告，考古学家已经修复了140多个兵马俑。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以restore作本句谓语，根据标志词recent可知，用现在完成时，主语是archaeologists，为复数。故填have restored。
38．考查连词。句意：在手臂连接之前，精细的细节雕刻已经完成。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，此处表达“在手臂连接之前”之意，应用before引导。故填before。
39．考查副词。句意：此外，该坑还出土了各种各样的武器，包括远程攻击武器，防御盾牌，以及用于指挥士兵的鼓和鼓槌。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，additional的副词形式是additionally，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Additionally。
40．考查名词。句意：这样的智慧是中国独有的。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，wise的名词形式是wisdom。故填wisdom。
41．考查冠词。句意：中国古代艺术专家吕秋霞周三告诉《环球时报》。分析句子结构可知，expert意为“专家”，为可数名词，本句用的单数，前用不定冠词修饰，expert为元音音素开头，应该用an。故填an。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：在分析它们的制作过程时，我们注意到这些战士被分为不同的等级。分析句子结构可知，本句是状语从句的省略句，完整句是“when we were analyzing how they were made”，从句的主语和从句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词，所以主语和谓语可省略。故填analyzing。
43．考查介词。句意：这有助于研究兵马俑的墓葬文化。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：research on/into意为“研究”。故填into或者on。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过发掘，中国研究人员已经确定了兵马俑使用的武器类型和排列，以及神秘地下军队的组成和模式。分析句子结构可知。本句已有谓语动词，所以use用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是weapons，两者是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。故填used。
45．考查形容词。句意：通过发掘，中国研究人员已经确定了兵马俑使用的武器类型和排列，以及神秘地下军队的组成和模式。分析句子结构可知。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，mystery的形容词形式是mysterious。故填mysterious。
46．Notice
Aiming to promote traditional Chinese culture, the Student Union is to hold Poetry Recitation Contest. Reading poetry reflects on the appreciation of beauty in ancient literature.
As scheduled, the contest is supposed to launch on June 6th, 2023 at the school Lecture Hall. Students from international department are expected to take part. Additionally, it is recommended that you should prepare Tang and Song poetry. Not only can the contest cultivate the habit of reading classic works but also arouse the interest in traditional Chinese literature.
Hopefully, you will benefit a lot and be immersed in the world of fascinating poetry. Your participation will surely make a difference.
Students’ Union
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会将在2023年10月6日于校演讲厅举行“诗歌朗诵大赛”(Poetry Recitation Contest)，并邀请学校国际部学生参加。请你根据提示写一则书面通知。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
比赛：contest→competition
参加：take part→participant in
此外：additionally→what’s more
激起：arouse→ ignite
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Your participation will surely make a difference.
拓展句：There is no doubt that your participation will surely make a difference.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only can the contest cultivate the habit of reading classic works but also arouse the interest in traditional Chinese literature.（运用了部分倒装结构）
[高分句型2] Additionally, it is recommended that you should prepare Tang and Song poetry.（运用了it作形式主语及that引导的主语从句和虚拟语气）
47．Paragraph 1:
I knew I had to do something. The white dove and its mate had provided brightness during my dark days. Now it was time to help them in return. I cut a piece of hardware cloth, forming it into the shape of a nest and then securing the ends. I then hammered it into the wall next to the rubber tree. After I had finished all the work, there was only an hour before the doves usually made their visit. Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door, waiting and hoping.
Paragraph 2:
“It works! The birds are back!” Matthew announced. Hearing my son’s excited voice, which was as clear as a bell, I looked up. There they were-swooping and circling near the nest, trying to add some twigs to their new home. A few weeks later, three babies broke free from their shells. “Chirp, chirp,” Matthew sang. I held him in my arms and kissed him, enjoying the happiness of the moment. Looking at their flittering shadows and hearing them chirp, I felt the dim grayness within my heart disappeared, replaced by the strength of life.
【导语】本文以故事发展顺序为线索展开，讲述了作者的儿子Matthew每天都看到一些鸽子来到自己家的院子里。一天夜里，刮起了一阵大风，把筑在树上的鸽巢掀到地上。作者以为鸽子们再也不回来，但它们又回来了，并且又在树上筑巢。尽管大风又一次摧毁了它们所有的辛勤工作，但是它们继续努力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我知道我必须做点什么。”可知，第一段可描写作者帮助鸽子们，在橡胶树旁边的墙上钉了一个架子，并用树叶覆盖，使它看起来像一棵树，等待鸽子们的到来。
②由第二段首句内容“起作用了!鸟儿又回来了!’马修宣布。”可知，第二段可描写鸽子们回来后的情况。鸽子在架子上筑巢、孵蛋。这让作者意识到生活充满了无法想象的奇迹和惊喜。
2.续写线索：作者决定帮助鸽子——在墙上钉架子——满怀希望地等待——鸽子回来在架子上筑巢——小鸽子孵出——作者感到生活充满奇迹和惊喜
3.词汇激活
行为类
①帮助：help /do sb. a favor/give sb. a had
②完成：complete/finish/accomplish
③提供：provide / offer/supply
情绪类
①兴奋的：excited/thrilled
②开心：happiness/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]I cut a piece of hardware cloth, forming it into the shape of a nest and then securing the ends.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]After I had finished all the work, there was only an hour before the doves usually made their visit.（运用了after和before引导的时间状语从句）
2023届河北省衡水中学高三下学期适应性考试英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Big Thinkers Series
The 2022 Big Thinkers Series from New Scientist events features four online talks, covering a wide range of topics by world-class scientist speakers and experts. If you are curious about your planet or your universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.
Save £20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available on-demand) or purchase single tickets for just £13 per lecture (available by early booking).
Reality+: From the Matrix to the Metaverse with David Chalmers
In this talk, philosopher David Chalmers argues that Metaverse-style virtual worlds experienced through headsets are also genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR.
What we don’t know about gravity with Claudia de Rham
We are all familiar with the concept of gravity. In this talk, Professor Claudia de Rham will explore how much we actually know about gravity and how much more there is left to uncover.
A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad Orzel
From Stonehenge to atomic clocks, here is the 5, 000-year history of how science is used to mark time. Chad Orzel, the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog, offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky (反常的) historical detail.
Physics at the End of the universe with Katie Mack
The Big Bang theory tells the story of the beginning of the universe for the last 13. 8 billion years. But how does the story end? Join astronomer Katie Mack as she shares what modern astrophysics tells us about the final fate of the universe.
1．How much does a series ticket cost?
A．£13. B．£20. C．£30. D．£32.
2．What will Chad Orzel lecture in?
A．The genuine reality. B．The secrets of gravity.
C．The history of time marking. D．The final fate of the universe.
3．What do the four talks have in common?
A．They are all aimed at science lovers. B．They are all concerned with gravity.
C．They will all be given by bestselling authors. D．They will all be given by excellent physicians.
Helga Stentzel’s Clothesline Animals combine charming images as fine art prints in various sizes.
As an artist whose style she calls “household surrealism (超现实主义)”，she works in various media and has a large collection of works. Instead of throwing an old pair of pants or T-shirt away, Helga Stentzel puts her tired garments out to the farm. By hanging them on a simple clothesline she sets up and folding them artfully that look like animals, she takes wonderful pictures. Some are shot in real locations while others are digitally placed in environments in charming form with appealing colors.
Siberian-born Stentzel has cooperated with many respectable and well-known brands, one of which is Hogar Verde, a bio-friendly laundry products brand in Ecuador. For them she has created the adorable clothing illusions (错觉) for a print ad campaign，which also drew attention to the endangered animals shown within, like dinosaurs, polar bears and so on.
Stentzel’s practice started from her childhood in Siberia, where she spent hours surveying her grandmother’s carpet, woods and random objects for recognizable forms, including a pile of buckets looking like the Leaning Tower of Pisa.
In what seems a very simple gesture, Stentzel’s works employ household items and turn them into surrealist images that uncover different reading layers. From food to clothes, the artist is inspired by everyday objects and gives them a second life through her creative and really poetic personal angle.
“I stare at things longer than socially acceptable! It can be anything—a chair, a noodle hanging off the fork, a lamp post in the middle of the road. Observation is a form of thinking for me. I really enjoy studying colors, shapes and textures—with no expectation, simply admiring their unique beauty. Very often there’s nothing more to it, but sometimes BOOM!—a creative idea hits my brain, and it makes a link between sliced bread and wrinkled skin of a French bulldog. It’s very unpredictable,”Stentzel said.
4．How did Stentzel create an artwork according to paragraph2?
A．By designing clothes on software.
B．By painting animals in various colors.
C．By taking photos of animals on the farm.
D．By hanging clothes folded in animal shapes.
5．What is Stentzel’s source of inspiration?
A．Daily items. B．Tourist attractions.
C．Random surveys. D．Childhood adventures.
6．Which of the following can best describe Stentzel’s fine art prints?
A．Complex and digital. B．Meaningful and creative.
C．Poetic but commercial. D．Ordinary but bio-friendly.
7．What can we learn from Stentzel’s story?
A．Art can give people a second life.
B．Artworks are from life yet above life.
C．Creation is from intentional observation.
D．Cooperation results in adorable artworks.
In a major step forward for monitoring the biodiversity of marine(海洋的)systems, a new study published in the journal Environmental DNA details how Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI) researchers are using autonomous underwater robots to sample environmental DNA(eDNA), which allows scientists to detect the presence of aquatic species from the tiny bits of genetic(遗传学的) material they leave behind. This “DNA soup” offers clues about biodiversity changes in sensitive areas and the presence of rare or endangered species-all critical to understanding and preserving a healthy ocean.
Researchers combined two novel autonomous platforms developed by MBARI for this study-the Long-Range Autonomous Underwater Vehicle(LRAUV) and the Environmental Sample Processor(ESP). The LRAUV can travel for weeks at a time and for hundreds of kilometers. It can enable more frequent sampling in remote sites than traditional research ships. The ESP is a robotic “laboratory-in-a-can” that filters(过滤) seawater and preserves eDNA for future study. By equipping an LRAUV with ESP technology, researchers can monitor the ocean better.
“We know that eDNA is an incredibly powerful tool for studying ocean communities, but we’ve been limited by what we can accomplish using expensive crewed research ships. Now, autonomous technology is helping us make better use of our time and resources to study previously unsurveyed regions of the ocean,” said Kobun Truelove, a biological oceanographer at MBARI and the lead author of the paper.
Marine biodiversity is a measure of the abundance of individuals and species in the ocean. This interconnected mixture of organisms supports food webs, produces the air we breathe, and regulates our climate. Autonomous tools like the LRAUV and ESP enable MBARI researchers to monitor changes in sensitive ecosystems in ways that were not possible previously.
“Ship-based research will continue to play an important role in oceanographic studies, but adding new autonomous technology to the toolkit will expand capacity for research, monitoring, and resource management,” said Truelove.
8．What do the underlined words “aquatic species” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A．Those living in water. B．Those growing near water.
C．Those becoming endangered. D．Those consuming eDNA．
9．What can the LRAUV do?
A．Filter seawater effectively.
B．Preserve eDNA for future study.
C．Travel for months at a time in the ocean.
D．Reach remote areas of the ocean frequently.
10．What can we infer from Truelove’s words?
A．Autonomous technology is more economical and efficient.
B．Ship-based research is more time-saving and energy-saving.
C．Autonomous robots have entirely replaced traditional research ships.
D．Crewed research ships help researchers study new parts of the ocean.
11．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Researchers Discover a “DNA Soup”
B．Autonomous Technology Needs Improving
C．Robots Sample eDNA to Monitor Ocean Health
D．The Biodiversity of the Ocean Needs Protection
Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.
We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too.
Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are historically actually wired to track and manage. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking.
Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’s a close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful.
The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been: mutual (相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows, a give and take of acceptance and support, and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts. But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.
12．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand?
A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents.
C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently.
13．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media?
A．Exciting. B．Challenging. C．Money-saving. D．Risk-taking.
14．What should be changed according to the last paragraph?
A．The qualities of being a teen friend.
B．The conflicts between schools and parents.
C．The relations between parents and their teens.
D．The influences of social media on teen friendship.
15．What is the text mainly about?
A．Why more teens are addicted to social media
B．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships
C．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful
D．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers’ needs
二、七选五
Work from Anywhere Movement
For a lot of us, working from wherever we wanted was a bit of a dream. It would mean we’d be able to visit family and not take holiday days. But suddenly that “dream” of not working in the office became a reality for many. Working from home over the last years has proven that it isn’t always necessary for teams to physically be together and there is more flexibility. 16
An obvious benefit for many employers is reduced costs. With a widespread workforce, there’s no need to have an office big enough for everyone. They also save on travel costs, as meetings that once “needed” to be done face-to-face can now be done online. 17 With the work from anywhere movement, employers can hire global talents. They’re not restricted to people living nearby.
18 In an ever changing and developing working world, offering benefits like this could be what makes a company stand out from another for a specific candidate.
For many employees, working from anywhere supports mental health. 19 Imagine ending a particularly stressful meeting. Rather than going back to your office desk, you step out your door and have a coffee in the sun or walk along a beach. In Addition, working from anywhere allows you to have a better work-life balance. It lets you travel to see family, watch your daughter’s soccer game, and go to the little bakery—all while being paid. 20
A．But it’s not only about money.
B．However, every coin has two sides.
C．It decreases stress and other concerns.
D．Your time is spent on the things that matter.
E．There are a lot of benefits for companies and workers.
F．Offering remote job positions makes a company more competitive.
G．Offices are increasingly where you go to put the company into company.
三、完形填空
Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world.It is quite 21 to choose whom to admit. 22 ,in the chaos of SAT scores and recommendations, one 23 is always irresistible in a candidate：kindness.
The most surprising 24 of kindness I’ve ever 25 came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor(顾问).Even with these qualifications,he might not have 26 .But one letter of recommendation caught my eye.It was from a school security 27 .Letters of recommendation are typically written by people like former presidents,celebrities,and Olympic athletes.
The security guard wrote that he supported this student’s admission because of his 28 . This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms,consistently 29 the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up the classroom after his peers left school 30 nobody was watching. This student, the security guard wrote, had a(n) 31 respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.
It gave us a 32 onto a student’s life in the moments when nothing“counted”. That student was admitted by unanimous(一致的)vote of the admissions committee.
Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations 33 this essay.But if it means students will start paying as much 34 to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers,I’m happy to help start that 35 .
21．A．decent B．difficult C．delicate D．desperate
22．A．However B．Otherwise C．Besides D．Therefore
23．A．ability B．quality C．limitation D．assumption
24．A．signal B．image C．appearance D．indication
25．A．come out B．pick up C．come across D．bring up
26．A．stood up B．stood out C．given up D．given out
27．A．guard B．teacher C．principal D．counselor
28．A．wisdom B．bravery C．encouragement D．consideration
29．A．bothered B．answered C．visited D．thanked
30．A．as if B．now that C．even if D．in order that
31．A．demanding B．amusing C．refreshing D．puzzling
32．A．passion B．trouble C．method D．window
33．A．due to B．in need of C．except for D．along with
34．A．money B．notice C．attention D．curiosity
35．A．policy B．trend C．arrangement D．career
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Discoveries made during the latest excavation of Pit No.1 at the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang, China’s first emperor, have allowed Chinese archaeologists to gain more insight into 36 the world-famous Terracotta Warriors and their weapons were made.
According to a recent report archaeologists 37 (restore) more than 140 Terracotta Warriors. They discovered that the arms of these figures were created separately and then attached to the bodies and covered in a layer of fine clay. The carving of fine details was completed 38 the arms were attached. 39 (additional), the pit has yielded a variety of weapons, including long-range attack weapons, shields for defense, as well as drums and drumsticks used for commanding soldiers.
“The Terracotta Warriors used a very special mechanism to connect pieces together. Such 40 (wise) was unique to China,” Lv Qiuxia, 41 expert on ancient Chinese art, told the Global Times on Wednesday. Lv added that the way the warriors were made differed based on their social status and class. “When 42 (analyze) how they were made, we noticed that the warriors were divided into different classes. This contributes to research 43 the burial culture of the Terracotta Warriors.” the expert noted.
Through excavations, Chinese researchers have established the types and arrangement of weapons 44 (use) by the Terracotta Warriors as well as the formations and patterns of the 45 (mystery) underground army.
五、告知信/通知
46．为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会将在2023年10月6日于校演讲厅举行“诗歌朗诵大赛”(Poetry Recitation Contest)，并邀请学校国际部学生参加。请你根据提示写一则书面通知。
内容要点包括；
1. 大赛的目的；
2. 大赛的时间、地点；
3. 朗诵内容：唐诗 (Tang poetry)。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice
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Students’ Union
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I sat at the breakfast table with my four-year-old son, Matthew, trying to ignore the ache in my stomach. “Mama, want to play?” “Not today, baby.” I shook my head. These days I could barely get out of bed. I was still recovering from an operation. I hoped for strength and happiness, but the future seemed so hopeless.
Suddenly, Matthew jumped up from his spot on the kitchen floor. “Bird!” he shouted, rushing to our courtyard. Sure enough, there was a white dove seated in a rubber tree (橡胶树). It sat there for a few moments, and then flew away. Strange, I’d never seen one in our neighborhood before.
When I dragged myself to the kitchen the next morning, the dove was back. This time it was with a mate carrying sticks. “Look Matthew,” I said, pointing to the tree. “They’re going to make a nest.” The doves flew in and out of the courtyard all week, building on top of the rubber tree.
Matthew could hardly contain his excitement. Every morning, he’d run into the kitchen and take his spot by the sliding glass door (滑动玻璃门), talking to the birds while they worked. His happiness was influential. As much as I was sad, I couldn’t help but look forward to the doves’ visits too.
Then it all went wrong. The courtyard was a safe enough spot for a nest, but the rubber tree’s broad, thin leaves were far from stable. One night, a strong wind blew, throwing the doves’ nest to the ground. I heard the twigs (细枝) break apart.
I surveyed the damage. Nothing good ever lasted. I wouldn’t blame the doves if they never came back. But they returned. And they paid no attention to the pile of sticks that had once been their nest. They started again from the beginning. Again, though, the wind destroyed all their hard work. The next day, and the next, they started again, as if nothing had happened.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I knew I had to do something.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“It works! The birds are back!” Matthew announced.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍《新科学家》举办的2022年大思想家系列活动的四场在线讲座。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Save £20 off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available on-demand) or purchase single tickets for just £13 per lecture (available by early booking).(购买“大思想家”系列所有四场演讲的系列票(可按需购买)或购买单场票价仅为13英镑(可提前预订)，可以节省标准票价20英镑)”可知，单场的票价是13英镑，购买一个系列可以节约20英镑，因此买一个系列的票价为：4*13-20=32（英镑）。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad Orzel部分的“From Stonehenge to atomic clocks, here is the 5, 000-year history of how science is used to mark time. Chad Orzel, the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog, offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky (反常的) historical detail.(从巨石阵到原子钟，这是5000年来科学如何用来标记时间的历史。Chad Orzel是国际畅销书《如何教你的狗量子物理》的作者，他通过科学理论和离奇的历史细节为我们提供了一段诙谐的旅程)”可知，Chad Orzel的讲座是关于时间标记的历史。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段的“If you are curious about your planet or your universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.(如果你对你的星球或宇宙感到好奇，那么这个系列是你听到最新研究的地方)”可知，这四个讲座的共同之处是它们都是针对科学爱好者。故选A。
4．D 5．A 6．B 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍Stentzel的“有意义、有创造性的”美术版画。从Stentzel的故事中了解到“艺术作品来源于生活，但又高于生活。”
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“By hanging them on a simple clothesline she sets up and folding them artfully that look like animals,she takes wonderful pictures.（她把它们挂在简单的晾衣绳上，然后巧妙地折叠成动物的样子，拍出了美妙的照片。）”可知，Stentzel是通过把叠成动物形状的衣服挂起来创作艺术品的。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第四段“Stentzel’s practice started from her childhood in Siberia, where she spent hours surveying her grandmother’s carpet, woods and random objects for recognizable forms, including a pile of buckets looking like the Leaning Tower of Pisa.（Stentzel的实践始于她在西伯利亚的童年，在那里她花了几个小时研究她祖母的地毯、树林和随机物体，以寻找可识别的形式，包括一堆看起来像比萨斜塔的水桶。）”可知，Stentzel的灵感来源是日常生活用品。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I stare at things longer than socially acceptable! It can be anything—a chair, a noodle hanging off the fork,a lamp post in the middle of the road. Observation is a form of thinking for me. I really enjoy studying colors, shapes and textures—with no expectation, simply admiring their unique beauty. Very often there’s nothing more to it,but sometimes BOOM!—a creative idea hits my brain, and it makes a link between sliced bread and wrinkled skin of a French bulldog. It’s very unpredictable（我盯着东西看的时间超过了社会所能接受的时间!它可以是任何东西——一把椅子，一根挂在叉子上的面条，路中间的一根灯柱。对我来说，观察是一种思考方式。我真的很喜欢研究颜色、形状和纹理——没有任何期望，只是欣赏它们独特的美。通常没有更多的东西，但有时BOOM!一个创造性的想法突然出现在我的脑海里，它把切片面包和皱巴巴的法国斗牛犬的皮肤联系在了一起。这是不可预测的）”可知，“有意义和创造性”最能描述Stentzel的美术版画。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Helga Stentzel’s Clothesline Animals combine charming images as fine art prints in various sizes.（Helga Stentzel的晾衣绳动物结合了各种尺寸的迷人图像作为精美的艺术印刷品。）”和最后一段中“I stare at things longer than socially acceptable! It can be anything—a chair, a noodle hanging off the fork,a lamp post in the middle of the road. Observation is a form of thinking for me. I really enjoy studying colors, shapes and textures—with no expectation, simply admiring their unique beauty. Very often there’s nothing more to it,but sometimes BOOM!—a creative idea hits my brain, and it makes a link between sliced bread and wrinkled skin of a French bulldog. It’s very unpredictable（我盯着东西看的时间超过了社会所能接受的时间!它可以是任何东西——一把椅子，一根挂在叉子上的面条，路中间的一根灯柱。对我来说，观察是一种思考方式。我真的很喜欢研究颜色、形状和纹理——没有任何期望，只是欣赏它们独特的美。通常没有更多的东西，但有时BOOM!一个创造性的想法突然出现在我的脑海里，它把切片面包和皱巴巴的法国斗牛犬的皮肤联系在了一起。这是不可预测的）”可知，我们能从Stentzel的故事中了解到“艺术作品来源于生活，但又高于生活。”故选B。
8．A 9．D 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对环境DNA进行采样以监测海洋健康的最新技术。
8．词句猜测题。根据上下文语境以及上文的“In a major step forward for monitoring the biodiversity of marine systems（这是监测海洋生物多样性的重要一步）”可知，科学家监测的是海洋生物，所以画线词也应该指的是“海洋中的生物”。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The LRAUV can travel for weeks at a time and for hundreds of kilometers. It can enable more frequent sampling in remote sites than traditional research ships.（LRAUV一次可以航行数周，航行数百公里。与传统的科考船相比，它可以在偏远地区进行更频繁的采样）”可知，远程自主水下航行器(LRA UV) 可以经常到达海洋的偏远地区。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段的句子“Now, autonomous technology is helping us make better use of our time and resources to study previously unsurveyed regions of the ocean,” said Kobun Truelove, a biological oceanographer at MBARI and the lead author of the paper.（“我们知道eDNA是研究海洋群落的一个非常强大的工具，但我们一直受到使用昂贵的载人研究船所能完成的限制。现在，自主技术正在帮助我们更好地利用我们的时间和资源来研究以前未调查的海洋区域”，MBARI的生物海洋学家、该论文的主要作者Kobun Truelove说）”可以推论出，自主技术更加经济、高效。故选A项。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“In a major step forward for monitoring the biodiversity of marine systems, a new study published in the journal Environmental DNA details how Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute(MBARI) researchers are using autonomous underwater robots to sample environmental DNA(eDNA), which allows scientists to detect the presence of aquatic species from the tiny bits of genetic material they leave behind. ”（在监测海洋系统生物多样性方面迈出了重要一步，发表在《环境DNA》杂志上的一项新研究详细介绍了蒙特利湾水族馆研究所(MBARI)的研究人员如何使用自主水下机器人对环境DNA进行采样，这使得科学家能够从水生物种留下的微小遗传物质中检测到它们的存在。）可知，本文主要介绍了对环境DNA进行采样以监测海洋健康的最新技术。所以，用C项“Robots Sample eDNA to Monitor Ocean Health”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选C项。
12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends.(他们的社交网络不断扩大，很大程度上是因为他们觉得友善意味着接受来自熟人和朋友的朋友的请求。)”可知，让青少年的社交网络不断扩大的是友善的压力。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another.(在社交媒体时代，试图成为“好朋友”会带来巨大的压力。友谊需要公开和幕后的支持。甚至在社交媒体帖子被公开之前，亲密的朋友就可以参与照片的选择、编辑和最终检查。此外，他们需要以正确的方式和适当的时间做出回应，这在不同的关系中是不同的。)”可知，在社交媒体时代做一个好朋友是具有挑战性的。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.(但科技已经改变了友谊的发展方式。社交媒体增加了成为好朋友的负担。通常情况下，这些动态对青少年的影响是成年人所忽视的。在家长、学校和社会其他方面的帮助下，这种情况应该得到改变。)”可知，根据最后一段，应该改变的是社交媒体对青少年友谊的影响。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“But as we worry about tweens and teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.(但是，当我们担心那些正在挣扎的青少年时，我们不能忽视另一个日益增加的影响——在一个“永远在线”的世界里，他们的朋友和同龄人所承担的负担。)”可知，本文主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的，故选C。
16．E 17．A 18．F 19．C 20．D
【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了讲随时随地工作对老板和员工都有好处。
16．上文“Working from home over the last years has proven that it isn’t always necessary for teams to physically be together and there is more flexibility. (过去几年在家工作已经证明，团队并不总是需要在一起，更具有灵活性)”说明的是居家工作的好处，因此E项“这对公司和员工都有很多好处”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据本段首句“An obvious benefit for many employers is reduced costs. (对许多雇主来说, 一个明显的好处是降低成本)”说明的是好处不仅仅在钱方面，对于公司招揽人才也是有利的，本段主旨是降低开销，因此A项“但这不仅仅是钱的问题。”符合语境，故选A。
18．下文“In an ever changing and developing working world, offering benefits like this could be what makes a company stand out from another for a specific candidate. (在一个不断变化和发展的工作世界里，提供这样的福利可能会让一家公司在特定的候选人中脱颖而出。)”中的“offering benefits like this”， this与F选项“offering remote job positions(提供远程工作岗位)”匹配，因此F项“提供远程工作岗位使公司更具竞争力。”符合语境，故选F。
19．上文“For many employees, working from anywhere supports mental health. (对许多员工来说，在任何地方工作都有助于心理健康。)”说明的是心理健康的好处，因此C项“这能减少压力和其他顾虑”符合语境，故选C。
20．上文“In Addition, working from anywhere allows you to have a better work-life balance. It lets you travel to see family, watch your daughter’s soccer game, and go to the little bakery—all while being paid. (此外，在任何地方工作都可以让你更好地平衡工作与生活。它可以让你去看望家人，看女儿的足球比赛，去小面包店，所有这些都是在带薪状态下完成的。)”说明远程办公对家庭关系以及家人重要事情的好处，因此D项“你的时间花在重要的事情上” 是对上文例子的总结，符合语境，故选D。
21．B 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．D 30．C 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者每年都要审批来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请。要选择录取谁是相当困难的。然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。一名保安因为一名学生的体贴和尊重而写了一封推荐信。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要选择录取谁是相当困难的。A. decent体面的；B. difficult困难的；C. delicate脆弱的；D. desperate绝望的。根据上文“Every year I’d read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world.(每年我都要阅读来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请)”可知，申请人很多，所以要选择录取谁是相当困难的。故选B。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides此外；D. Therefore因此。后文“is always irresistible in a candidate”提到了不可抗拒的品质，与上文很难选择录取谁构成转折关系，应用however。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A. ability能力；B. quality品质；C. limitation限制；D. assumption假设。后文“is always irresistible in a candidate: kindness”可知，善良是一种品质。故选B。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学指导老师给他推荐了一封支持性的信。A. signal信号；B. image图像；C. appearance外表；D. indication表现，指示。根据后文“of kindness”可知，这里指善良的表现，应用indication。故选D。
25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我所遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学指导老师给他推荐了一封支持性的信。A. come out出版；B. pick up捡起；C. come across遇见；D. bring up提出。根据上文“of kindness I’ve ever”可知，这里指作者遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现。故选C。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使有这些资历，他也未必能脱颖而出。A. stood up站立；B. stood out突出；C. given up放弃；D. given out分发。根据上文“Even with these qualifications, he might not have”可知，有了好的资历，按理说可以在申请人中脱颖而出，故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自学校保安。A. guard保安；B. teacher老师；C. principal原则；D. counselor顾问。根据后文“The security guard wrote”可知，信来自学校保安。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，出于他的体贴，他支持这名学生入学。A. wisdom智慧；B. bravery勇敢；C. encouragement鼓励；D. consideration考虑，体贴。根据后文“This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff.(这个年轻人是学校里唯一一个知道警卫人员名字的人)”可知，学生很体贴，会记住一个普通人的名字。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控（总是对着监控致谢），在同学们离开教室后收拾教室，即使没有人在看。A. bothered打扰；B. answered回答；C. visited参观；D. thanked感谢。根据上文“He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently”可知，学生很有礼貌，在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控（总是对着监控致谢），故选D。
30．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控，在同学们离开教室后收拾教室，即使没有人在看。A. as if好像；B. now that既然；C. even if即使；D. in order that为了。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用even if。故选C。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，这个学生对学校里的每个人都有一种令人精神振奋的尊敬，不管他们的地位、声望或权力如何。A. demanding要求高的；B. amusing有趣的；C. refreshing令人精神振奋的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。根据后文“respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power”可知，这个学生尊重每一个人，对学校里的每个人都有一种令人精神振奋的尊敬（极其尊重他人），故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它为我们打开了一扇窗，让我们一窥学生生活中那些“无足轻重”的时刻。A. passion激情；B. trouble麻烦；C. method方法；D. window窗户。根据后文“onto a student’s life”可知，指学生生活的窗口，故选D。
33．考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于这篇文章，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐。A. due to因为；B. in need of需要；C. except for除了；D. along with和……一起。根据“this essay”可知，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐是因为这封推荐信。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。A. money钱；B. notice通知；C. attention注意力；D. curiosity好奇心。根据后文“to the people who clean their classrooms”指关注打扫教室的人，短语pay attention to表示“注意”。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。A. policy政策；B. trend趋势；C. arrangement安排；D. career事业。上文“to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I’m happy to help start that”提到学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，这是一种趋势。故选B。
36．how 37．have restored 38．before 39．Additionally 40．wisdom 41．an 42．analyzing 43．into/on 44．used 45．mysterious
【导语】本文是新闻报道。讲述了对兵马俑有了新发现，对兵马俑及其武器的制造过程有了更多的了解。
36．考查连接副词。句意：中国第一个皇帝秦始皇陵墓一号坑的最新发掘发现，使中国考古学家对世界闻名的兵马俑及其武器的制造过程有了更多的了解。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词引导，根据句意，应用how引导。故填how。
37．考查动词时态。句意：根据最近的一份报告，考古学家已经修复了140多个兵马俑。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以restore作本句谓语，根据标志词recent可知，用现在完成时，主语是archaeologists，为复数。故填have restored。
38．考查连词。句意：在手臂连接之前，精细的细节雕刻已经完成。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，此处表达“在手臂连接之前”之意，应用before引导。故填before。
39．考查副词。句意：此外，该坑还出土了各种各样的武器，包括远程攻击武器，防御盾牌，以及用于指挥士兵的鼓和鼓槌。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，additional的副词形式是additionally，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Additionally。
40．考查名词。句意：这样的智慧是中国独有的。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，wise的名词形式是wisdom。故填wisdom。
41．考查冠词。句意：中国古代艺术专家吕秋霞周三告诉《环球时报》。分析句子结构可知，expert意为“专家”，为可数名词，本句用的单数，前用不定冠词修饰，expert为元音音素开头，应该用an。故填an。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：在分析它们的制作过程时，我们注意到这些战士被分为不同的等级。分析句子结构可知，本句是状语从句的省略句，完整句是“when we were analyzing how they were made”，从句的主语和从句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词，所以主语和谓语可省略。故填analyzing。
43．考查介词。句意：这有助于研究兵马俑的墓葬文化。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：research on/into意为“研究”。故填into或者on。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过发掘，中国研究人员已经确定了兵马俑使用的武器类型和排列，以及神秘地下军队的组成和模式。分析句子结构可知。本句已有谓语动词，所以use用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是weapons，两者是被动关系，应该用过去分词表被动。故填used。
45．考查形容词。句意：通过发掘，中国研究人员已经确定了兵马俑使用的武器类型和排列，以及神秘地下军队的组成和模式。分析句子结构可知。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，mystery的形容词形式是mysterious。故填mysterious。
46．Notice
Aiming to promote traditional Chinese culture, the Student Union is to hold Poetry Recitation Contest. Reading poetry reflects on the appreciation of beauty in ancient literature.
As scheduled, the contest is supposed to launch on June 6th, 2023 at the school Lecture Hall. Students from international department are expected to take part. Additionally, it is recommended that you should prepare Tang and Song poetry. Not only can the contest cultivate the habit of reading classic works but also arouse the interest in traditional Chinese literature.
Hopefully, you will benefit a lot and be immersed in the world of fascinating poetry. Your participation will surely make a difference.
Students’ Union
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，为弘扬中国传统文化，你校学生会将在2023年10月6日于校演讲厅举行“诗歌朗诵大赛”(Poetry Recitation Contest)，并邀请学校国际部学生参加。请你根据提示写一则书面通知。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
比赛：contest→competition
参加：take part→participant in
此外：additionally→what’s more
激起：arouse→ ignite
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Your participation will surely make a difference.
拓展句：There is no doubt that your participation will surely make a difference.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only can the contest cultivate the habit of reading classic works but also arouse the interest in traditional Chinese literature.（运用了部分倒装结构）
[高分句型2] Additionally, it is recommended that you should prepare Tang and Song poetry.（运用了it作形式主语及that引导的主语从句和虚拟语气）
47．Paragraph 1:
I knew I had to do something. The white dove and its mate had provided brightness during my dark days. Now it was time to help them in return. I cut a piece of hardware cloth, forming it into the shape of a nest and then securing the ends. I then hammered it into the wall next to the rubber tree. After I had finished all the work, there was only an hour before the doves usually made their visit. Matthew and I stood by the sliding glass door, waiting and hoping.
Paragraph 2:
“It works! The birds are back!” Matthew announced. Hearing my son’s excited voice, which was as clear as a bell, I looked up. There they were-swooping and circling near the nest, trying to add some twigs to their new home. A few weeks later, three babies broke free from their shells. “Chirp, chirp,” Matthew sang. I held him in my arms and kissed him, enjoying the happiness of the moment. Looking at their flittering shadows and hearing them chirp, I felt the dim grayness within my heart disappeared, replaced by the strength of life.
【导语】本文以故事发展顺序为线索展开，讲述了作者的儿子Matthew每天都看到一些鸽子来到自己家的院子里。一天夜里，刮起了一阵大风，把筑在树上的鸽巢掀到地上。作者以为鸽子们再也不回来，但它们又回来了，并且又在树上筑巢。尽管大风又一次摧毁了它们所有的辛勤工作，但是它们继续努力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我知道我必须做点什么。”可知，第一段可描写作者帮助鸽子们，在橡胶树旁边的墙上钉了一个架子，并用树叶覆盖，使它看起来像一棵树，等待鸽子们的到来。
②由第二段首句内容“起作用了!鸟儿又回来了!’马修宣布。”可知，第二段可描写鸽子们回来后的情况。鸽子在架子上筑巢、孵蛋。这让作者意识到生活充满了无法想象的奇迹和惊喜。
2.续写线索：作者决定帮助鸽子——在墙上钉架子——满怀希望地等待——鸽子回来在架子上筑巢——小鸽子孵出——作者感到生活充满奇迹和惊喜
3.词汇激活
行为类
①帮助：help /do sb. a favor/give sb. a had
②完成：complete/finish/accomplish
③提供：provide / offer/supply
情绪类
①兴奋的：excited/thrilled
②开心：happiness/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]I cut a piece of hardware cloth, forming it into the shape of a nest and then securing the ends.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型2]After I had finished all the work, there was only an hour before the doves usually made their visit.（运用了after和before引导的时间状语从句）
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