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    2023年上海市长宁区中考英语二模试卷(含答案解析)

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    这是一份2023年上海市长宁区中考英语二模试卷(含答案解析),共21页。

    2023年上海市长宁区中考英语二模试卷
    1. _____young woman next door enjoys her work as an English teacher.(  )
    A. The B. A C. / D. An
    2. We should depend on_____more than our parents and teachers.(  )
    A. us B. our C. ourselves D. ours
    3. The audience all stood up and began cheering happily_____the end of his speech.(  )
    A. in B. at C. on D. with
    4. Tom and Jerry is one of_____cartoon movies that I have ever seen.(  )
    A. exciting B. more exciting
    C. most exciting D. the most exciting
    5. Besides eating Zongzi,there are_____ways to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival.(  )
    A. other B. another C. the other D. others
    6. Online games are very interesting,_____students can't spend too much time on them.(  )
    A. so B. for C. but D. or
    7. Some old people keep a pet because they feel_____at their homes.(  )
    A. seriously B. lonely C. sadly D. silently
    8. ---Mum, ______ I go to the library tomorrow?
    ---I'm afraid you can't. It's closed on Monday.(  )
    A. must B. may C. need D. should
    9. The students in Class One_____a revision lesson this time yesterday.(  )
    A. have B. had C. have had D. were having
    10. -_____white paint do you need to buy to decorate the new flat?
    -About three buckets.(  )
    A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How soon
    11. Not only Kitty but also her friends_____in favour of doing morning exercises.(  )
    A. is B. am C. are D. be.
    12. Mrs Black always makes her little son_____his bedroom at weekends.(  )
    A. to tidy B. tidying C. tidy D. tidies
    13. I'm sorry I have kept you_____for such a long time.The traffic was terrible.(  )
    A. waiting B. wait C. waited D. to wait
    14. ______important work the teachers are doing!Let's show our respect for them.(  )
    A. How B. What a C. What an D. What
    15. You may take the books away at a time_____you give them all back on time.(  )
    A. now that B. so that C. as soon as D. as long as
    16.

    A.citizens B.worst C.strong D.larger E.relatives
    The night sky in Tsim Sha Tsui is one thousand times brighter than a dark sky,according to a study carried out by The University of Hong Kong.Hong Kong has the(1) ______ light pollution in the world.Since there are no laws about outdoor lighting in Hong Kong,our city is lit more brilliantly at night than(2) ______ cities such as London or Sidney.Because of the bright lights,Hong Kong(3) ______ sleep less well,so their health is harmed.Fortunately there are solutions to the problem of light pollution.
    Firstly,business could use lights that are less bright.Some LED lights would be less(4) ______ than the ones used now.In fact,many cities use LED lights for outdoor lighting.
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    (4)
    17.

    A.reduce B.turn off C.pass D.though E.so that
    Another solution is to(1) ______ laws that control outdoor lighting.However,this solution might be harder because it would need the cooperation of government and businesses.
    Lastly,individuals can help.We can(2) ______ lights that we are not using.In addition,we should be more aware of how our lighting affects others.For instance,we should close our curtains as tightly as we can(3) ______ our home lights do not keep our neighbours awake.
    In short,there are things that the government,businesses and individuals can do to(4) ______ light pollution.No one should sleep under bright lights.Therefore,we must try to make our city less bright at night.
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    (4)
    18. Mother bought many ______ for me and my younger sister just now.(strawberry)
    19. Last night Kitty chatted with a friend of ______ on the Internet till midnight.(she)
    20. Peter has checked his mail box ______ ,but still hasn't found my e-mail.(two)
    21. Joyce wanted to write some articles about his ______ visits to other countries.(education)
    22. The soup is good for you,it's a ______ of different kinds of vegetables.(mix)
    23. GPS is ______ used in the project control survey for the time being.(wide)
    24. You must take the course seriously if you want to ______ in passing it.(success)
    25. The ______ driver is responsible for the traffic accident happened yesterday.(care)
    26. Sandy has to look after his younger brother at weekends.(改为否定句)
    Sandy ______ ______ to look after his younger brother at weekends.
    27. It takes about half an hour to ride from this park to Shanghai Museum.(对划线部分提问)
    ______ ______ does it take to ride from this park to Shanghai Museum?
    28. It is wrong to laugh at Mike when he dare not speak in class.(保持句意基本不变)
    It is wrong to ______ ______ of Mike when he dare not speak in class.
    29. The government doesn't allow factories to release harmful gases into the air.(改为被动语态)
    Factories ______ ______ by the government to release harmful gases into the air.
    30. "What do you think of Tom Sawyer in the story?"the teacher asked Tony.(改为间接引语)
    The teacher asked Tony ______ he ______ of Tom Sawyer in the story.
    31. I left the hotel with my luggage after the rain stopped.(保持句意基本不变)
    I ______ leave the hotel with my luggage ______ the rain stopped.
    32. the meanings of the words,had better,in the dictionary,you,look up.(连词成句)
    ______
    G1
    With easy access to cameras on mobile phones and other devices,many people take photos every day.Phone cameras have many fun features.You can add colors to the photos that make them artistic and full of life.Even with a wide variety of filters (滤镜) and features,it still takes skill to capture amazing pictures.With a few tips,you can improve your photos and follow in the steps of great photographers.

    Tip 1
    Choose your subject.It could be a landscape,people,animals or objects.
    Tip 2
    Keep your background simple with all white or black to make your subject stand out.
    Tip 3
    Hold your camera steady.This may be harder than it seems,but don't let shaky hands ruin your pictures.
    Tip 4
    Remember the rule of thirds.Imagine your picture is divided into three equal parts.Place the subject to the side rather than in the middle of the fame.
    Tip 5
    If you are taking nature shots,use leading lines to draw the viewer's eye into the scene.Examples might be railway tracks,fences,or a row of trees.
    Tip 6
    Give your subject space to move.For example,if a dog is running across the lawn,frame the shot so that there is room in front of the animal for it to run into that empty space.Don't cut it off too closely.
    Tip 7
    Think about colors.Just as you would plan colors for a painting,try to find color schemes (配色方案) that work well.

    33. According to the passage,many people take photos every day because ______ .
    A. artists can help add colors to the photos people take in daily life
    B. there are many kinds of filters and features in phone cameras
    C. people have learned many skills to take amazing pictures
    D. mobile phones and other devices make it easier to take photos
    34. The first step to take photos according to the passage is to ______ .
    A. find the proper color schemes B. choose the subject
    C. clear the background D. improve your camera
    35. The underlined word"ruin"in Tip 3 most probably means" ______ ".
    A. recognize B. stick C. guide D. destroy
    36. Which of the following pictures below follows Tip 5? ______
    A. B. C. D.
    37. We should ______ if we want to take a photo of a running dog.
    A. use leading lines to draw viewers' eyes
    B. move our hands to catch the dog's movement
    C. leave enough space in front of the dog
    D. put the dog in the middle of the photo
    38. From the passage,we know that the writer wants to ______ .
    A. remind people of the importance of learning new skills
    B. teach people to take better photographs
    C. look for the best photographers
    D. introduce the latest models of cameras
    What happens when a newspaper is recycled?It is cut up,mixed with water and chemicals and boiled before it is pressed into new paper.The(1) ______ has many steps and uses a lot of energy.So is there a simpler way to deal with solid waste?Yes,there is.It's called upcycling.
    In recycling,an object is broken down into small pieces.However,in upcycling,the whole object,or parts of the object,is reused in a new way.Upcyecling can be less wasteful than recycling and more creative.An old guitar,(2) ______ ,can be turned into a unique piece of furniture.
    Unwanted electronic equipment,or e-waste mostly(3) ______ plastic and metals,it takes a long time for it to break down.As a result,it stays buried in landfills for centuries,causing air and water pollution.In order to reduce e-waste,people are upcycling their old electronics to create fashion jewellery pieces.
    Upcycling is becoming more common now.Many upcycled products can be found more(4) ______ than ever.Here are two examples of local upcyclers.
    Making music
    When Kevin Cheung saw how many plastic containers were being thrown away,he thought of a useful way they could be reused.His invention is an easy-to-carry speaker system that is as(5) ______ as a regular speaker and lights up in the dark!
    Keeping it local
    Woodrite calls itself Hong Kong's first 'local-to-local' furniture brand because they(6) ______ scrap wood (废木屑) around the city and use it to create handmade furniture.The furniture is then sold locally.By doing this,the company hopes to reduce the amount of wood wasted.
    39.  A. resource B. transport C. instruction D. process
    40.  A. for example B. as a result C. in fact D. in addition
    41.  A. takes the place of B. consists of
    C. relies on D. stands for
    42.  A. carefully B. wonderfully C. fortunately D. easily
    43.  A. powerful B. successful C. flexible D. comfortable
    44.  A. require B. produce C. collect D. select
    45. My neighbour,Mrs Lee,hurt her back recently so I spent this afternoon helping her tidy up.Afterwards,she offered me some soya milk.I noticed that its packaging was very fashionable and (1)a ______ ."Thanks,Mrs Lee.Can you tell me where you got it?"I asked."Oh,it's from farmfresh330," she replied with a smile."I like helping people in need."
    Some days later,I googled farmfresh330 to find out more.It is a food shop that opened in 2011 as a social company.Like charities,social companies help with social problems like poverty.However,unlike charities,they don't rely on donations (募捐).(2)I ______ ,they sell products to support themselves.The (3)p ______ of farmfresh330 is to offer training and jobs to people recovering from mental illnesses such as depression.
    At farmfresh330,you can buy organic fruits and vegetables.These are (4)p ______ by Hong Kong's New Life Farm,another social company helping people with mental health problems.They sell lots of other things,too.In the website photos,there're many great products to (5)c ______ from such as watermelon-flavoured coconut milk and lemongrass tea.Some day I'd like to visit one of farmfresh330's shops.They look very welcoming,with wooden shelves,warm lighting,and friendly blackboard (6)m ______ telling customers about new products.
    After googling the web,I discovered a lot of other social companies in Hong Kong.I'm planning to visit them soon.I think it's going to be(7)f ______ to support Hong Kong's social companies.
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    (4)
    (5)
    (6)
    (7)
    46. Catherine shared a story of her son on LinkedIn,an online social platform.
    A few weeks ago,Catherine asked Thomas,her 12-year-old son,what he would like to be when he grew up.Thomas said he wanted to be a Lego (乐高) designer.The next day he appeared with a letter,written in his"best handwriting",asking Lego if he could work for them.He wisely shared that he'd be available to help with designing Legos after school,on weekends,and in the holidays-and that his sister would be keen to do the same.
    His mom put the letter in the mail but also tried to manage his expectations.She told Thomas that the company probably wouldn't respond though Lego would appreciate his letter.According to Catherine,"He looked disappointed."
    Then a package arrived from Christian Pau,the vice president and general manager of Lego U.K.and Ireland.Inside was a Lego kit (模型套装) and a handwritten letter that said:

    Dear Thomas,
    Thank you so much for your letter It is great to see how excited you are for Lego building and your creations look,fantastic!
    We would love your help to design even better products,but unfortunately all our product designers are sitting in Denmark.We would still love to invite you to visit us in our Slough office (together with your sister and parent) for a juice/tea/coffee and a tour of the building.
    Let me know what time works for you!
    Christian
    "Seeing my son light up with pride at the beautifully crafted (制作精美的) letter,"Catherine wrote,"was something I won't forget."And neither will Thomas.Christian Pau didn't know how Thomas might react to his letter.He simply took the time to respond. It was a small moment to him,but actually a big moment for Thomas.As Catherine wrote,"Thank you...for making my son see that it's always worth trying."
    (1) Where was the story published?
    ______
    (2) What do the underlined words"the same"refer to?
    ______
    (3) Why did the mother try to manage her son's expectations when she mailed his letter?
    ______
    (4) What was inside the package from Christian Pau?
    ______
    (5) What did Christian offer Thomas in his letter?
    ______
    (6) How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
    ______
    47. Write at least 60 words on the topic"I no longer fear______"(以"我不再害怕______"为题,写一篇不少于60个词的短文,标点符号不占格。)
    在成长的道路上,常常会有一些事情开始时让我们感到畏而却步,例如:有的害怕某些学科学习、或某项技能训练;有的缺乏勇气在班会上发言;还有的难于接受一时的挫折与失败等等。随着经历和知识的增长,相信我们最终都会战胜挑战。请以一个具体的例子谈谈你在哪一方面积极应变,增强勇气,得以成长的。请补全标题。

    _____________
    答案和解析

    1.【答案】A
    【解析】the这/那,定冠词,表特指;a/an一个,不定冠词,表泛指,表示数量,a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前;/表示不填,零冠词。分析句子可知,此处使用定冠词the表特指,此处特指隔壁那个年轻女子。
    故选:A。
    隔壁那个年轻女子喜欢她的英语教师工作。
    先弄清不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别,再根据情境选择正确答案。

    2.【答案】C
    【解析】根据句意我们应该学会更多的去依靠自己,而不是我们的父母和老师,其中depend on oneself表示依靠/依赖某人自己。
    故选:C。
    我们应该学会更多的去依靠自己,而不是我们的父母和老师。
    本题考查反身代词,英语中部分动词(如enjoy,hurt,cut等)及动词短语(如look after,depend on)后可跟反身代词,记住这些常用固定搭配,在结合句意即可作出选择。

    3.【答案】B
    【解析】in the end在最后;at the end of 在......结束时;on the end of 在......的末端;没有with the end这种搭配。根据此句的时态以及" the end of his speech"可知,此处应用at the end of的搭配。
    故选:B。
    他演讲结束时,听众全都站起来,开始高兴地欢呼起来。
    考查介词辨析,要抓出关键词结合句意选择合适的一项。

    4.【答案】D
    【解析】句子考查句型one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数,最…之一。exciting原级;more exciting比较级;most exciting最高级;the most exciting最高级。一般情况下,最高级前面加定冠词the。
    故选:D。
    《汤姆和杰瑞》是我看过的最令人兴奋的卡通电影之一。
    熟悉形容词的比较级和最高级的基本用法,结合题意,给出答案。

    5.【答案】A
    【解析】A.其它的,修饰可数名词复数;B.另一个,修饰可数名词单数;C.两者中的另一个,修饰可数名词单数;D.其它的,本身是复数。此空后面是复数ways。
    故选:A。
    除了吃粽子,还有其它方法来庆祝端午节。
    本题考查代词的用法,熟练掌握它们的区别,根据语境与题意,选出正确答案。

    6.【答案】C
    【解析】so"因此、所以",常用来连接两个简单句,这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系;for为了;but"但是",表示转折关系,所连接的成分意思相反或相对;or"或者,否则,要不然",表示选择关系。由上句Online games are very interesting."网络游戏很有趣"可知下句 children can't spend too much time on them.孩子们不能花太多时间在游戏上,表转折,故空格用but。
    故选:C。
    网络游戏很有趣,但是孩子们不能在游戏上花太多的时间。
    本题考查连词的辨析,在熟知所供词的含义的基础上,根据句意,从而判断出正确答案。

    7.【答案】B
    【解析】A严重地;B.孤独的;C.难过地;D.安静地。根据Some old people keep a pet(有些老人养宠物)可知,他们在家里感到孤独。
    故选:B。
    有些老人养宠物是因为他们在家里感到孤独。
    熟悉形容词词义及用法,结合题意,给出答案。

    8.【答案】B
    【解析】must必须.may可以.need需要.should应该.根据I'm afraid you can't.It's closed on Monday."恐怕不行.它星期一关门."可知,应该问"我明天可以去图书馆吗?"表示客气地询问事情,用may.
    故选:B.
    --妈妈,我明天可以去图书馆吗?
    --恐怕不行.它星期一关门.
    情态动词无人称和数的变化;不能单独使用,必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语,否定形式通常在后面加not,要注意情态动词的不同用法,结合语境,选择合适答案.

    9.【答案】D
    【解析】have是动词原形,是一般现在时;had是过去式,是一般过去时;have had是现在完成时;were having是过去进行时。根据句意和时间状语 this time yesterday可知,此句表述过去某一时刻正在发生的事情,要用过去进行时,其构成为was/ were doing。
    故选:D。
    昨天这个时候一班的学生们正在上复习课。
    对时态的考查,要求牢记各种时态的构成形式,结合时间状语和上下文的关系,找出正确答案。

    10.【答案】B
    【解析】How many多少,是对可数名词复数进行的提问;How much多少,询问价格或不可数名词数量;How often多久一次,是对频率进行的提问;How soon多久以后,常对动作还有多久发生进行提问,一般用于将来时,回答用in+时间段。根据答语"About three buckets."可知上文是对数量进行的提问,且paint为不可数名词,因此用How much来修饰。
    故选:B。
    --你需要买多少白漆来装饰新公寓?
    --大约三桶。
    辨析每个选项的词义,结合语境选出正确的答案。

    11.【答案】C
    【解析】A.一般现在时单数形式;B.一般现在时第一人称单数形式;C.一般现在时复数形式;D.动词原形。根据句意:不仅基蒂而且她的朋友们都赞成做早操。可知not only...but also引导不同的主语时,动词形式决定于临近原则。her friends是复数形式,接are。
    故选:C。
    不仅基蒂而且她的朋友们都赞成做早操。
    熟悉语法一致的用法,结合题意,给出答案。

    12.【答案】C
    【解析】tidy整理。A.不定式;B.动名词;C.动词原形;D.第三人称单数形式。根据句意:布莱克太太总是让她的小儿子在周末整理他的卧室。可知句型make sb do sth使某人做某事。
    故选:C。
    布莱克太太总是让她的小儿子在周末整理他的卧室。
    熟悉make的用法,结合题意,给出答案。

    13.【答案】A
    【解析】wait等,是动词原形;waiting是动名词和现在分词;waited是过去式;to wait是不定式。keep sb.doing sth.让某人持续做某事,是固定搭配,用动名词作宾补。
    故选:A。
    对不起,我让你等了这么久。交通很糟糕。
    考查动词的固定搭配,要牢记动词固定搭配的含义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。

    14.【答案】D
    【解析】在感叹句中,what修饰名词,how修饰形容词/副词,根据important work the teachers are doing可知important是形容词,work是不可数名词,the teachers 是主语,are doing是谓语,句型结构为:What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语动词!
    故选:D。
    老师们正在做多么重要的工作啊!让我们对他们表示尊敬吧。
    解答此类试题时,务必根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合感叹句的构成准确作答。

    15.【答案】D
    【解析】A.既然;B.以便;C.一...就...;D.只要。根据句意,后半句是可以一次拿走书的条件,故选as long as引导条件状语从句。
    故选:D。
    只要你能准时还书,你可以一次把这些书拿走。
    本题考查从句连词,熟记各个连词的用法区别,根据语境,即可选出正确答案。

    16.【答案】【小题1】B
    【小题2】D
    【小题3】A
    【小题4】C
    【解析】(1)考查形容词。句意:香港是世界上光污染最严重的城市。根据下文our city is lit more brilliantly at night than(2)--cities such as London or Sidney.(我们的城市在夜间的照明比伦敦或悉尼等城市更明亮。)结合所给选项可知,香港应该是世界上光污染最严重的城市。空前有定冠词the,这里应用形容词的最高级形式。故选B。
    (2)考查形容词。句意:由于香港没有关于户外照明的法律,我们的城市在夜间的照明比像伦敦或悉尼等较大的城市更明亮。根据下文such as London or Sidney(比如伦敦或悉尼)结合所给选项可知,伦敦或悉尼都是世界上较大的城市。故选D。
    (3)考查名词。句意:由于明亮的灯光,香港的市民睡眠不好,所以他们的健康受到了损害。根据下文so their health is harmed.(所以他们的健康受到了损害。)结合所给选项可知,应该是香港的市民睡眠不好。故选A。
    (4)考查形容词。句意:一些LED灯的强度会比现在使用的灯低。根据下文In fact,many cities use LED lights for outdoor lighting.(事实上,许多城市都使用LED灯进行户外照明。)结合所给选项可知,LED灯的强度应该会比现在使用的灯低。be动词后跟形容词,less后面应跟形容词原形。故选C。
    本文主要介绍了香港是世界上光污染最严重的城市,并提出了光污染问题的解决方案。
    根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。

    17.【答案】【小题1】C
    【小题2】B
    【小题3】E
    【小题4】A
    【解析】(1)考查动词。句意:另一个解决方案是通过控制户外照明的法律。根据下文laws that control outdoor lighting(控制户外照明的法律)结合选项可知,应该是通过控制户外照明的法律。故选C。
    (2)考查短语。句意:我们可以关掉不使用的灯。根据下文we are not using.(我们不使用。)结合选项可知,应该是关掉不使用的灯。故选B。
    (3)考查短语。句意:例如,我们应该尽可能地把窗帘关紧,这样家里的灯就不会让邻居睡不着了。根据上文we should close our curtains as tightly as we can(我们应该尽可能地把窗帘关紧)结合选项可知,关紧窗帘的目的是为了让邻居睡着觉。这里应用so that引导目的状语从句,故选E。
    (4)考查动词。句意:总之,政府、企业和个人都可以做一些事情来减少光污染。根据下文No one should sleep under bright lights.(任何人都不应该睡在明亮的灯光下。)可知,政府、企业和个人应该做一些事情来减少光污染。故选A。
    本文主要介绍了控制户外照明的方法。
    根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词,并用其正确的形式填入空白处,使补全后的短文意思通顺,语法正确,结构完整,注意单词的适当形式。

    18.【答案】strawberries
    【解析】strawberry草莓,可数名词。这里形容词many"很多",修饰名词复数strawberries。
    故答案为:strawberries。
    妈妈刚才给我和妹妹买了很多草莓。
    充分理解句意,再根据提示完成试题,注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。

    19.【答案】hers
    【解析】句意:昨晚凯蒂和她的一个朋友在网上聊到半夜。分析句子可知,此处使用名词+of+名词构成短语所有格,空后无名词,因此要使用名词性物主代词。she"她",人称代词主格,对应的名词性物主代词是hers。

    20.【答案】twice
    【解析】分析句子可知,此处修饰动词,应使用副词;two"二",基数词,其对应的副词是twice,意为"两次"。
    故答案为:twice。
    彼得检查了他的邮箱两次,但仍然没有找到我的电子邮件。
    掌握副词修饰动词的用法,结合提示词,根据语境,认真分析,得出答案。

    21.【答案】educational
    【解析】根据题干,可知是指乔伊斯想写一些关于他对其他国家的教育访问的文章。educational有教育意义的,形容词作定语。
    故答案为:educational。
    乔伊斯想写一些关于他对其他国家的教育访问的文章。

    本题考查单词填空,首先要根据语境明确句意,然后再根据相关语法给出答案。

    22.【答案】mixture
    【解析】答案:mixture
    提示词mix,是动词,意为"使混合".根据The soup is good for you,it's a…of different kinds of vegetables.可知该空格前为不定冠词a,后接可数名词单数.故应该是mix的名词形式mixture,意为"混合物",故填:mixture
    这种汤对你有好处,它是不同种类蔬菜的混合物.
    本题主要考查完成句子,首先要根据所给单词提示,然后根据句式特点,结合句意和词性,确定单词的适当形式,最后把句子补充完整.本题主要考查mix的名词形式mixture.

    23.【答案】widely
    【解析】分析句子可知,此处修饰动词used,应使用副词;wide"广泛的",形容词,对应的副词是widely,意为"广泛地",be widely used"被广泛应用"。
    故答案为:widely。
    目前,GPS在工程控制测量中得到了广泛的应用。
    掌握副词修饰动词的用法,结合提示词,根据语境,认真分析,得出答案。

    24.【答案】succeed
    【解析】根据succeed in doing成功做成某事,want to do想要做某事。
    故填:succeed。
    如果你想成功通过它,你必须认真对待这门课程。
    充分理解句意,再根据提示完成试题,注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。

    25.【答案】careless
    【解析】句意:粗心的司机应对昨天发生的交通事故负责。根据题干,可知是指粗心的司机应对昨天发生的交通事故负责。careless粗心的,形容词作定语。故答案为careless。

    26.【答案】doesn't
    【解析】原句是一般现在时,一般现在时改为否定句,在谓语动词前加助动词否定形式;主语为第三人称单数形式,助动词用第三人称单数形式doesn't。故填doesn't have。
    Sandy周末必须照顾他弟弟。
    Sandy周末不必照顾他弟弟。
    解答此类试题时,务必根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合时态准确作答。

    27.【答案】How
    【解析】根据划线部分"about half an hour"(大约半个小时),指的是一段时间,因此疑问词应用how long,又因其位于句首,所以首字母要大写。
    故填:How;long。
    --从这个公园到上海博物馆骑车大约需要半个小时。
    --从这个公园骑车到上海博物馆需要多长时间?
    对划线部分提问,要根据划线部分内容选择合适的疑问词,剩下的变为一般疑问句,注意区分疑问词的用法,会正确运用一般疑问句用法。

    28.【答案】make
    【解析】分析句子可知,设空处对应的需要转换部分为:laugh at(嘲笑),其同义短语为:make fun of,其前有动词不定式符号to,这里动词用原形。
    故填:make;fun。
    当迈克不敢在课堂上讲话时,嘲笑他是错误的。
    同义句转换,一定要首先找出需要转化的部分,然后根据的语境和用法,确定合适的单词或者短句作答。

    29.【答案】aren't
    【解析】根据doesn't allow,可知时态是一般现在时。主语factories是复数形式,所以改成被动语态时用are+过去分词,句子是否定句。
    故答案为:aren't;allowed。
    政府不允许工厂向空气中排放有害气体。
    工厂不被政府允许向空气中排放有害气体。

    考查句型转换,结合题目要求,弄清楚所给句子的内容和句式结构,试题填空部分与原句的对应关系,表达形式。

    30.【答案】what
    【解析】间接引语是宾语从句,需遵循陈述句语序,即主语+谓语,即主语he在谓语动词thought前。直接引语为特殊疑问句,转换成宾语从句时用特殊疑问词作为连接词引导宾语从句。间接引语的主句是一般过去时,故宾语从句也用一般过去时,thought是过去式。
    故答案为:what;thought。
    "你认为汤姆索亚在小说中怎么样?"老师问托尼。
    老师问托尼他觉得汤姆索亚在小说中怎么样。
    本题考查直接引语转换为间接引语,熟记宾语从句的知识点,语序时态连接词,根据语境得出正确答案。

    31.【答案】didn't
    【解析】not…until直到…才,"我直到雨停了下来才带着行李离开旅店"和"雨停后,我带着行李离开了旅馆"是同义的.原句是一般过去时,还要用一般过去时.
    故答案为didn't,until.
    -雨停后,我带着行李离开了旅馆.
    -我直到雨停了下来才带着行李离开旅店.
    句型转换题,要求正确理解句意,分析句子成分.要注意运用正确的时态和语序,有时还要添加助动词.

    32.【答案】You had better look up the meanings of the words in the dictionary.
    【解析】根据所给的词可知,此句为陈述句。句意为:你最好在字典里查一下这些单词的意思。you是主语。谓语动词had better"最好"后跟动词原形。动词短语look up表示"查寻,查一下",其后跟其宾语the meanings of the words"这些单词的意思"。介词短语in the dictionary"在字典里"放在句末。
    故答案为:You had better look up the meanings of the words in the dictionary.
    你最好在字典里查一下这些单词的意思。
    做连词成句这种类型的题,首先确定句子类型,如:陈述句、疑问句或感叹句等,然后根据所给单词,明确主语、谓语等句子成分,在确定句意的前提下结合语法知识组合句子。

    33~38.【答案】D、B、D、A、C、B
    【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段With easy access to cameras on mobile phones and other devices,many people take photos every day.(由于手机和其他设备上的相机很容易使用,许多人每天都拍照。)可知许多人每天拍照是因为手机和其他设备使拍照变得更容易。故选D。
    (2)细节理解题。根据表格一:Tip 1(建议一)Choose your subject.It could be a landscape,people,animals or objects.(选择你的主题,可以是风景,人物,动物或物体。)可知拍摄照片的第一步是选择主题。故选B。
    (3)词义猜测题。根据表格三:Hold your camera steady.This may be harder than it seems,but don't let shaky hands  ruin your pictures.(拿稳你的相机。这可能比看起来要难,但是不要让颤抖的手---你的照片。)联系前后句可猜测出下划线单词ruin的意思应为:毁坏。故选D。
    (4)细节理解题。根据表格五:If you are taking nature shots,use leading lines to draw the viewer's eye into the scene.Examples might be railway tracks,fences,or a row of trees.(如果你拍摄的是自然风光,使用引导线将观众的视线吸引到场景中。例如铁路轨道、栅栏或一排树。)可知如果你拍摄的是自然风光,使用引导线将观众的视线吸引到场景中。例如铁路轨道、栅栏或一排树。A图符合题意,故选A。
    (5)细节理解题。根据表格六:Give your subject space to move.For example,if a dog is running across the lawn,frame the shot so that there is room in front of the animal for it to run into that empty space.Don't cut it off too closely.(给你的拍摄对象留出移动的空间。例如,如果一只狗正在跑过草坪,把镜头定格,这样动物前面就有空间让它跑进那个空地。别剪得太近。)可知如果我们想给一只奔跑的狗拍照,我们应该在狗狗前面留出足够的空间。故选C。
    (6)推理判断题。根据With a few tips,you can improve your photos and follow in the steps of great photographers.(通过一些小技巧,你可以改进你的照片,并跟随伟大摄影师的脚步。)可推断出作者想要教人们拍更好的照片。故选B。
    文章主要介绍了拍照的技巧。
    通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。

    39~44.【答案】D、A、B、D、A、C
    【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了怎样用升级循环来处理固体废物。
    1. 句意:这个过程有很多步骤,消耗大量能源。A.resource资源;B.transport运输;C.instruction指令;D.process过程。根据上文It is cut up mixed with water and chemicals and boiled before it is pressed into new paper.(它被切碎,与水和化学物质混合,然后煮沸,然后压制成新纸。)可知,应该是这个过程有很多步骤,消耗大量能源。故选D。


    2. 句意:一把旧吉他,例如,可以变成一件独特的家具。A.for example例如;B.as a result结果;C.in fact实际上;D.in addition此外。根据上文An old guitar(一把旧吉他)和下文can be turned into a unique piece of furniture.(可以变成一件独特的家具。)可知,这里列举了一个例子,故选A。


    3. 句意:不需要的电子设备,或电子垃圾主要由塑料和金属组成,需要很长时间才能分解。A.takes the place of代替;B.consists of由...组成;C.relies on依靠;D.stands for代表。根据上文Unwanted electronic equipment,or c-waste mostly(不需要的电子设备,或电子垃圾主要)和下文plastic and metals(塑料和金属)可知,不需要的电子设备,或电子垃圾主要由塑料和金属组成。故选B。


    4. 句意:许多升级换代产品比以往任何时候都更容易找到。A.carefully小心地;B.wonderfully精彩地;C.fortunately幸运地;D.easily容易地。根据上文Upcycling is becoming more common now.(升级换代现在变得越来越普遍。)可知,许多升级换代产品比以往任何时候都更容易找到。故选D。


    5. 句意:他的发明是一种易于携带的扬声器系统,它的功能和普通扬声器一样强大,在黑暗中也能亮起来!A.powerful强大的;B.successful成功的;C.flexible灵活的;D.comfortable舒适的。根据下文and lights up in the dark(在黑暗中也能亮起来)可知,这种回收利用的扬声器系统功能和应该普通扬声器一样强大。故选A。


    6. 句意:Woodrite称自己是香港第一个"本地"家具品牌,因为他们在城市周围收集废木料,并将其用于制作手工家具。A.require需要;B.produce生产;C.collect收集;D.select选择。根据下文and use it to create handmade furniture(并将其用于制作手工家具)可知,他们应该在城市周围收集废木料。故选C。

    45.【答案】【小题1】mazing
    【小题2】nstead
    【小题3】urpose
    【小题4】rovided
    【小题5】ome
    【小题6】ainly
    【小题7】un
    【解析】(1)考查形容词。句意:她给了我一些豆浆。我注意到它的包装非常时尚,令人惊叹。可知空格处单词修饰名词豆浆,amaze修饰物品是用amazing修饰。故填amazing。
    (2)考查副词。句意:相反,他们销售产品来养活自己。根据上文However,unlike charities,they don't rely on donations.(然而,与慈善机构不同的是,他们不依赖捐款。)可知与作者猜测的相反。故填Instead。
    (3)考查名词。句意:farmfresh330的目的是为抑郁症等精神疾病的康复者提供培训和工作。根据上文可知这是个慈善机构,目的是为抑郁症等精神疾病的康复者提供培训和工作。故填purpose。
    (4)考查动词。句意:这些是由香港的新生活农场提供的,这是另一家帮助精神健康问题患者的社会公司。根据上文可知在这个超市你可以买到有机水果和蔬菜。是由香港的新生活农场提供的,可知蔬菜是被提供,这里是被动语态。故填provided。
    (5)考查动词。句意:在网站照片中,有很多很棒的产品,比如西瓜味的椰奶和柠檬草茶。可知西瓜味的椰奶和柠檬草茶。是由上文提到的香港的新生活农场提供的,即西瓜味的椰奶和柠檬草茶来自很棒的产品。to come from 由......提供。故填come。
    (6)考查副词。句意:它们看起来很受欢迎,有木制的架子,温暖的灯光和友好的黑板,主要向顾客介绍新产品。可知空格处修饰with wooden shelves(木制的架子)的作用,主要是向顾客介绍新产品。故填mainly。
    (7)考查形容词。句意:我认为支持香港的社会公司会很有趣。根据上文I'm planning to visit them soon.(我计划很快去拜访他们。)可知作者认为去这些超市很有意思,即支持香港的社会公司会很有趣。故填fun。
    本文主要介绍了farmfresh330社交公司的情况。
    根据所给信息填空,考生注意先通读全文,根据所给的信息,结合词组固定搭配和语境,填出适当的单词。

    46.【答案】【小题1】On LinkedIn,an online social platform.
    【小题2】Help with designing Legos after school,on weekends,and in the holidays.
    【小题3】Because the company probably wouldn't  respond though Lego would appreciate his letter.
    【小题4】A Lego kit and a handwritten letter.
    【小题5】Invite Thomas to visit them in their Slough office (together with his sister and parents) for a juice/tea/coffee and a tour of the building.
    【小题6】It makes Thomas see that it's always worth  trying.
    【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段Catherine shared a story of her son on LinkedIn,an online social platform.(Catherine在人际关系网,一个在线社交平台上分享了她儿子的故事。 )可知Catherine在人际关系网,一个在线社交平台上分享了她儿子的故事。故答案为:On LinkedIn,an online social platform.
    (2)代词指代题。根据第二段He wisely shared that he'd be available to help with designing Legos after school,on weekends,and in the holidays-and that his sister would be keen to do  the same.(他很聪明地表示,他可以在放学后、周末和假期帮助设计乐高,他的妹妹也很乐意---。)联系前句可猜测出下划线单词  the same应指代的是:指代在放学后、周末和假期帮助设计乐高。故答案为:Help with designing Legos after school,on weekends,and in the holidays.
    (3)细节理解题。根据第三段She told Thomas that the company probably wouldn't respond though Lego would appreciate his letter.(她告诉Thomas ,尽管乐高会感谢他的来信,但公司可能不会回应。)可知这位母亲在邮寄儿子的信时试图控制他的期望,因为她认为公司可能不会回复,尽管乐高会感谢他的来信。故答案为:Because the company probably wouldn't  respond though Lego would appreciate his letter.
    (4)细节理解题。根据第四段Inside was a Lego kit (模型套装) and a handwritten letter that said:(里面是一个乐高玩具和一封手写的信,上面写着:)可知包裹里是一个乐高模型套装和一封手写信。故答案为:A Lego kit and a handwritten letter.
    (5)细节理解题。根据表格中We would still love to invite you to visit us in our Slough office (together with your sister and parent) for a juice/tea/coffee and a tour of the building.(我们仍然很想邀请你来我们在Slough的办公室(和你的妹妹和父母一起)喝果汁/茶/咖啡,并参观我们的建筑。)可知Christian 邀请Thomas (与他的妹妹和父母一起)去他们在Slough的办公室喝果汁、茶或咖啡,并参观大楼。故答案为:Invite Thomas to visit them in their Slough office (together with his sister and parents) for a juice/tea/coffee and a tour of the building.
    (6)推理判断题。根据最后一段He simply took the time to respond. It was a small moment to him,but actually a big moment for Thomas.As Catherine wrote,"Thank you...for making my son see that it's always worth trying."( 他只是花时间回应。这对他来说是一个小瞬间,但对Thomas来说却是一个重要时刻。正如Catherine所写,"谢谢你……让我儿子明白,这总是值得一试的。" )可知Christian花一点的时间来回复Thomas,却让Thomas明白了尝试是值得的。故答案为:It makes Thomas see that it's always worth  trying.
    本文主要讲述了12岁的Thomas想成为一名乐高设计师,于是给乐高公司写了一封信,没想到收到了回复,从而使得他明白,尝试是值得的。
    通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。

    47.【答案】I no longer fear difficulties   When I was in seventh grade,my English was very poor.【高分句型一】I didn't have the courage to sign up for an English speech competition held at school once.At this moment,my English teacher saw my concerns and encouraged me,promising to help me.So I signed up.During the period before the competition,my teacher used his break time every noon to help me improve my pronunciation.I practiced continuously every day.Finally,I achieved a good score of second place.Since then,I have realized that no matter what difficulties I encounter,as long as I work hard,I will definitely be able to achieve my dream.【高分句型二】
    【解析】【高分句型一】
    When I was in seventh grade,my English was very poor.当我七年级的时候,我的英语很差。when引导的时间状语从句。
    【高分句型二】
    Since then,I have realized that no matter what difficulties I encounter,as long as I work hard,I will definitely be able to achieve my dream.从那以后,我意识到,无论遇到什么困难,只要我努力,我一定能实现我的梦想。I have realized that+宾语从句。
    能够根据提示进行书面表达,能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等,清楚连贯地表达自己的思想,进而完成写作任务。

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