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2022-2023学年吉林省延边重点学校高二（下）期中英语试卷
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这是一份2022-2023学年吉林省延边重点学校高二（下）期中英语试卷，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，阅读填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年吉林省延边重点学校高二（下）期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
SEA Summer High School Programs 2023
Science at SEA
Science at SEA is a four-week program for rising high school juniors and seniors，as well as recent high school graduates，which focuses on the coastal and offshore marine environment around Cape Cod Massachusetts.The program includes a shore component on the SEA campus in Woods Hole and a sea component aboard the Sailing School Vessel（SSV） Corwith Cramer.
July 21-August 13
Expense：﹩4，000
SEA Quest
SEA Quest is a two-week program that welcomes high school students and recent graduates.Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research，sailing at all ships，and understanding of the complexities of creating and managing marine reserves.They will return home with a broader sense of the ocean's importance to our planet and the need to preserve this precious resource for future generations.Life here is fast-paced.No prior sailing experience is necessary.A strong desire to learn is required!
July 11-July 22
Expense：﹩3，200
SEA Cape
This three-week summer program at SEA offers current high school students the opportunity to study the marine environment from a variety of perspectives：scientific，historical，and literary.Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole，Massachusetts.
June 27-July 14
Expense：﹩3，800
SEA Expedition
This two-week summer program for high school students，including graduating seniors，is centered on learning by doing.SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition，and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer.Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.
July 5-July 17
Expense：﹩3，500
1. Which program lasts the shortest？ ______
A. Science at SEA. B. SEA Quest.
C. SEA Cape. D. SEA Expedition.
2. What is required for participants in SEA Quest？ ______
A. Previous experience in sailing.
B. Ability to conduct scientific experiments.
C. Great eagerness to study the sea.
D. Knowledge of sea resource preservation.
3. What is the challenge about SEA Expedition？ ______
A. It lasts about two weeks.
B. It entirely takes place on a ship.
C. It is centered on learning by doing.
D. It is a multidisciplinary experience.
B
I've spent two decades observing what makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck.I teach entrepreneurship （创业学）.We know many new enterprises fail，and innovators （创业者）need luck.
With my students，I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks.I do this myself all the time.About a dozen years ago ，during a flight，I decided to take a little risk.I started a conversation with the man sitting next to me.I introduced myself，and I learned that he was a publisher.I learned all about the future of the publishing industry and we exchanged contact （联系）information.So about three quarters through the flight，I decided to take another risk.I showed him a book plan I was doing in my class.Although he was very polite，he said it wasn't right for them.
A couple of months later，I told him I was doing a project on transforming the book，the future of publishing and invited him to come to my class.So he gladly came to my class.We had a great experience.A few months later，I wrote to him again，sending a bunch of video clips （剪辑）from another project my students had made.He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it.I was a little bit hurt，but it was all right.So I invited him and his colleagues to have lunch together.Later，one of his editors asked me if I had considered writing a book.And I pulled out the exact same plan I had showed his boss a year earlier.Within two years，my book had sold over a million copies.
4. We can infer from the author's experience on the plane that ______ .
A. the publisher was stricken by his book
B. that was his experience by plane
C. the first risk during the flight didn't work out
D. the experience made him transforming his book
5. Why did the author send the students' video clips？ ______
A. To have their book published. B. To help to increase his luck.
C. To assess their writing skills. D. To help them see their strengths.
6. Which can be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Take the Lead. B. Everything is Possible.
C. Win in Danger. D. Luck and Risk.
7. What does the author think resulted in his luck ？ ______
A. Publishing books.
B. A series of small risks.
C. Being turned down frequently.
D. Meeting with the stranger on the plane.
C
For a lot of people，age-related cognitive decline（认知衰退）follows"gradually，and then suddenly".At first，the loss of mental sharpness is difficult to detect.But one day you may find that your memory and other mental muscles have grown noticeably，frustratingly weak.
Research has found cognitive decline may begin as early as your 20s.Typically，a person peaks out around their 30th birthday，" says Michael Merzenich，a former director of the Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience at the University of California.Each decade thereafter，the average person's mental sharpness steadily drops off.
The brain's toolset usually grows rusty（生锈的）as a result of disuse - not because of unpreventable degradation but due to taking your brain offline. "Offline" refers to autopilot activities，"This means doing the same things - relying on the abilities or skills you acquired at a younger age，" he explains.During the first few decades of your life，this sort of cognitive coasting isn't really possible.But once you've settled into adulthood - into a set of routines - your day-to-day life may not ask much of your brain's executive（决策的） functions，which are the high-level operations helping you solve complex problems.The older you get，the more difficult for you to change your habitual routine.
Fortunately，constantly engaging your brain's learning machinery with skills or activities that are new makes it possible to prevent age-related cognitive decline.
More of Merzenich's research has shown that "targeted" brain training can help people strengthen their memories，concentration，and high-level processing capabilities.Even among people with mild brain injury，cognitive damage is often reversible with proper training.He recommends adopting a new hobby - something that forces you to learn a new set of skills. "The goal is to expand your understanding in a new way，"he says.
Like your body，your brain requires exercise to stay healthy.Challenging it with new hobbies and learning opportunities may be the best way to maintain its fitness.
8. What can we learn about cognitive decline？ ______
A. It is difficult to detect. B. It processes gradually.
C. It can be prevented. D. It occurs in one's thirties.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______
A. The meaning of"offline".
B. The features of mental sharpness.
C. The reasons for cognitive decline.
D. The process of brains growing rusty.
10. What does underlined word "reversible" in paragraph5 probably mean？ ______
A. Believable. B. Lasting. C. Predictable. D. Curable.
11. What does Merzenich seem to advocate？ ______
A. Keeping our habitual routine.
B. Training our brain to keep it healthy.
C. Detecting mental sharpness regularly.
D. Adopting as many hobbies as we can.
D
By the year 2050，Earth's population is expected to reach nearly 10 billion people.With this growth comes a surprising demand for food resources.To find an effective way to deal with the global food safety crisis，Enter X，Alphabet Inc launched Project Mineral，which focuses on "computational agriculture"，a term to describe new technologies that will further increase understanding about the plant world.
Can a machine be taught to understand the plant world？After years of work，Project Mineral leader Elliot Grant and his team's latest prototype（原型）-a plant-scanning robot-will turn up at the Smithsonian's "Futures" exhibition later this year.The four-wheeled plant robot，about as tall as a shipping container and as wide as a car，uses different cameras and other technologies to monitor and find possible problems with plants.
As it rolls through the farmland，it can identify weeds，and measure the ripeness of fruits.The Mineral robot can become taller to take pictures of wheat plants，or widen to scan a broad bed of crops.What's more，when the robot meets with different situations out in the field，it can accurately identify specific crops，traits or diseases.
Mineral has partnered with a farmer in the Philippines who is helping the team study diseases in bananas.Images of diseased bananas will be used to teach the robot how to detect diseases.
The robot also takes pictures of flowers and then employs the machine learning model to count a plant's flowering speed，which is crucial to understand how a plant responds to its environment and predict the yields.Besides，the robot can measure all kinds of leaf sizes and detect greenness.
Though the robot has come a long way from its origin，it's still a prototype.Mineral stresses that they're constantly improving and working closely with experts in the agricultural field to understand plants further.
12. Which of the following is a characteristic of the Mineral robot？ ______
A. It powers itself. B. It moves with legs.
C. It looks like a ship. D. It can adjust itself.
13. What is the function of the Mineral robot？ ______
A. Growing plants on its own. B. Helping fight insects.
C. Detecting crop diseases. D. Removing bad fruits.
14. How does the Mineral robot predict crop yields？ ______
A. By observing the ripeness of fruits.
B. By calculating how fast plants flower.
C. By analyzing the shape of plants' leaves.
D. By analyzing images of diseased plants.
15. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. An attempt in solving the population problems.
B. Improvement of a plant-scanning robot.
C. Project Mineral-a fight against food safety crisis.
D. Effective solutions to deal with crop diseases.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
How to be more resilient （适应力强的）？
We've all heard of IQ，and terms like EQ，which relates to our emotional intelligence，are commonly used.But have you heard of AQ？（1） ______ It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs — how likely we are to crumble（崩溃） or thrive in these situations.（2） ______
Adverse situations can take us by surprise.In the workplace，it could be in the form of a layoff，the company we work for going under or being restructured，or even missing out on a promotion.Failed friendships and relationships，hard financial times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work.（3） ______ So how can we learn to be more resilient？
Luckily，there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient and adaptable in the face of adversity，according to Dr Shahram Heshmat，professor of health economics.
（ 4） ______ Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome，seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal.Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step — one way to help is to practise breathing exercises.Likewise，dwelling on things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed.So see difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally.（5） ______ Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.
A.First，try and find a meaningful goal.
B.Things that happen in life are not always pleasant.
C.Finally，make sure you have a good social support network.
D.However，taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through.
E.AQ stands for Adversity Quotient and measures our ability to deal with the ups and downs of life.
F.Being able to handle these rough times is important not only in our personal lives but in our professional lives too.
G.It can be used to predict our attitudes，perseverance，longevity，and the ways we learn from changes in the environment.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
When I became an amputee （截肢患者） at age 29，I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection.My life became different，as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and （1） ______ .
Too busy（2） ______ physical pain and obvious mobility limitation，I was not aware of this change at first.I was determined to （3） ______ ，feeling good about the progress I had made，as I moved forward.
（ 4） ______ ，as I made my first excursion（远足）outside the hospital，society had already assigned me a new status.Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital，I rolled through the shopping mall – a（5） ______ survivor，feeling like a war hero.Unfortunately，I had a rude（6） ______ as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.
All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact.Their efforts to（7） ______ my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs.Mothers （8） ______ held their children closer as I passed.Elderly women patted me on the head saying， "God Bless You!" with （9） ______ in their eyes.
While I sat thinking about what had happened，a small girl came up to me.She stared with unembarrassed （10） ______ at the empty pants.Finding nothing there，she looked up at me with a puzzled look，she innocently asked， "Lady，where did your legs go？"
I explained that my legs had been sick.Since my legs hadn't been strong and healthy like hers，the doctors had to（11） ______ them.Leaning her head upwards，she asked， "Did they go to 'Leg Heaven'？"
That incident made me think about how （12） ______ children and adults react to the unknown.To a child，an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a（13） ______ learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror.I began to realize that，I，too had been（14） ______ of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.
To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit，I now smile warmly，make eye contact，and speak in a confident manner.By using a（15） ______ approach，I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn't mean having a poor quality of life.
21. A. discomfort B. fear C. embarrassment D. sadness
22. A. crying with B. figuring out C. holding back D. dealing with
23. A. bear B. quit C. stick D. succeed
24. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore
25. A. calm B. poor C. proud D. rare
26. A. awakening B. ending C. happening D. processing
27. A. turn B. hold C. catch D. avoid
28. A. softly B. protectively C. reluctantly D. pleasantly
29. A. pity B. anger C. depression D. upset
30. A. curiosity B. determination C. enthusiasm D. satisfaction
31. A. lose B. adjust C. remove D. stretch
32. A. differently B. positively
C. strangely D. sympathetically
33. A. painful B. potential C. similar D. common
34. A. conscious B. guilty C. ignorant D. short
35. A. creative B. flexible C. positive D. scientific
四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
36. With a history of more than 6，000 years，Chinese painting，originally (1) （ pursue） by wealthy people，developed around 221 BC during the Eastern Jin Dynasty.Then，it became popular around 581 AD as more and more people began to show (2) （ appreciate） of its beauty.
Basic tools and materials for Chinese painting involve writing brushes，ink and paper.The Chinese painting brush is mostly made of goat，wolf or fox hair， (3) is suitable for producing brushes that are both soft and stringy （有韧性）.
The ink stick is produced with a mixture of pine soot （松烟） and animal glue.It's used in combination with an ink stone.The painter wets the ink stone and then grinds （研磨） the ink stick on the stone， (4) （ make） the ink run so that it can be used for painting.
Many Chinese ancient artworks (5) （ create） on silk.However，silk was (6) expensive that only very important paintings would use it.By the first century，when the early form of paper was invented，it had become a lot (7) （ cheap） to paint.
Traditional Chinese painting enjoys worldwide fame (8) its original style，distinctive features and special techniques.It emphasizes harmony between man and nature.When looking at a Chinese painting，you may not (9) （ initial） realize its complex concept.In fact，much remains (10) （ learn） about traditional Chinese painting and its elements.Through appreciating Chinese painting，you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共50.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你校打算发起一场以"坚持锻炼，强身健体"（Take Exercise and Keep Healthy）为主题的宣传活动，你受学生会委托为校宣传栏写一份倡议书。内容包括：
（1）当前中学生身体现状；
（2）锻炼身体的重要性；
（3）你的呼吁。
注意：
（1）词数80左右
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Take Exercise and Keep Healthy
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a sunny summer morning，the breeze blowing gently.As planned，Jackson took a trip into the remote wilds near Olom Village，in the Sakha Republic，Russia.His four-year-old daughter，Karina，found him leaving and wanted to follow him to give her dad a surprise.She slipped out of the house，with nobody realizing it，even Jackson.
Unfortunately，she walked too slowly on her way and soon she was lost in the vast，dangerous Siberian wilderness.Luckily for her，her dog，Naida，followed Karina just as the girl followed her father.The two suddenly found themselves walking with no one in sight，drifting away from their home as the hours went by.
Night fell.Karina's father returned home，and it didn't take long after that for the whole family to realize what had happened.They couldn't find Karina anywhere.They turned to the police for help immediately.And they took action at once in search of the lost girl.
A whole week had gone by and there was no progress of the rescue in sight.The whole family was stuck in desperation，but Karina's mum never lost hope. "Many stopped believing that she was alive，but as a mother I felt that she would be found soon."
In fact，Karina did survive.Although Siberia is an extremely dangerous place even for otherwise fit adults due to its wildlife and climate，she made it.She survived by eating wild fruits and drinking water from nearby rivers，and she faced the freezing nighttime temperatures by cozying up in a bed of grass.Naida did its best too，scaring away the wild animals and keeping each other warm by sleeping close together at night.
After nine days struggling to survive，scared and alone，Karina could only be grateful about one thing：her good friend was by her side.Naida gave its strength，and actively helped the four-year-old to stay alive for that long.
This morning，Naida suddenly walked away and headed back into town，ignoring Karina's hopeless cry and leaving her completely alone.__________
Naida did what it could to lead the rescue team to where Karina was.__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章Science at SEA部分July 21—August 13（7月21日至8月13日。）SEA Quest部分中"July 11—July 22（7月11日至7月22日。）SEA Cape部分中June 27 —July 14（6月27日至7月14日。）SEA Expedition部分中July 5—July 17（7月5日至7月17日。）可知，Science at SEA持续时间最长。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章SEA Quest部分Strong desire to learn is required!（需要有强烈的学习欲望！）可知，参加SEA任务需要非常渴望研究海洋。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition，and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer.Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.（SEA探险是一个多学科的体验，欢迎学生参与一个具有挑战性的近海航行和海洋探险的每一个方面，并完全发生在SSV Corwith Cramer上。海上的生活节奏快而艰苦。）可知，SEA Expedition的特别之处是它完全发生在船上的。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个2023年SEA夏季高中项目。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
4~7.【答案】D、B、D、B
【解析】（1）D．细节理解题．根据第三段的"A couple of months later，I told him I was doing a project on transforming the book，the future of publishing and invited him to come lo my class．几个月后，我告诉他我正在做一个关于改变这本书的项目，出版的未来，并邀请他来我的课堂．"可知作者在飞机上的经历使他改变了他的著作．故选D．
（2）B．推理判断题．根据第二段的" So about three quarters through the flight，I decided to take another risk．I showed him a hook plan I was doing in my class．所以在飞行的四分之三左右，我决定再冒一次险．我给他看了一个我在班上做的钩子计划．"及第三段" A few months later，I wrote to him again，sending a bunch of video clips （剪辑）from another project my students had made．He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it．几个月后，我再次写信给他，从我的学生做的另一个项目发送了一组视频剪辑．他是如此被其中一个打动了，他以为里面有本书．"可推测 作者把学生的视频剪辑和书一起寄过去的目的是帮助增加自己的运气．故选B．
（3）D．标题归纳题．根据文章的主要内容，尤其是一段的"I've spent two decades observing what makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck．I teach entrepreneurship （创业学）．We know many new enterprises fail，and innovators （创业者）need luck我花了二十年的时间观察什么能让人幸运，并试图帮助人们增加运气．我教创业．我们知道许多新企业失败了，创新者需要运气．"再根据第二段"With my students，I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks．I do this myself all the time．和我的学生们在一起，我花了很多时间鼓励他们走出自己的舒适区，去冒险，我一直都是自己做的．"可知，本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得 人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会．作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做．所以"D．Luck and Risk（运气和冒险）"可以作为本文标题．故选D．
（4）B．推理判断题．根据第二段的"About a dozen years ago ，during a flight，I decided to take a little risk．大约十几年前，在一次飞行中，我决定冒点险． "及第二段的"So about three quarters through the flight，I decided to take another risk．所以在飞行的四分之三左右，我决定再冒一次险．"和第三段的"A few months later，I wrote to him again，sending a bunch of video clips （剪辑）from another project my students had made．He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it．几个月后，我又写信给他，从我的学生们做的另一个项目中发了一堆视频片段，他被其中一个项目弄得心烦意乱，以为里面有本书．"可知出版商拒绝之后，作者一直没有放弃，冒着拒绝的风险提升幸运的机会，最终成功的出版了这本书．由此推测，作者认为是一些小的冒险让他成功了．故选B．
这是一篇人生感悟类阅读．本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得 人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会．作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做．
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
8~11.【答案】C、C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第四段中Fortunately，constantly engaging your brain's learning machinery with skills or activities that are new makes it possible to prevent age-related cognitive decline.（幸运的是，不断让大脑的学习机器与新的技能或活动相结合，可以防止与年龄相关的认知能力下降。）可知，认知能力下降是可以预防的。故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据文章第三段中The brain's toolset usually grows rusty（生锈的）as a result of disuse - not because of unpreventable degradation but due to taking your brain offline. "Offline" refers to autopilot activities.（大脑的工具集通常会因为废弃而生锈--不是因为无法避免的退化，而是因为大脑离线。"离线"是指自动驾驶活动。）可知，第三段主要介绍的是认知能力下降的原因，故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据上文More of Merzenich's research has shown that "targeted" brain training can help people strengthen their memories，concentration，and high-level processing capabilities.（Merzenich的更多研究表明，"定向"的大脑训练可以帮助人们增强记忆、注意力和高水平的处理能力。）可知，划线单词所在句子Even among people with mild brain injury，cognitive damage is often reversible with proper training.的意思是"即使在轻度脑损伤的人群中，只要适当的训练，认知损伤通常是可治愈的。"由此判断，划线单词的意思是"可治愈的"。A.Believable.可信的；B.Lasting.持久的；C.Predictable.可预测的；D.Curable.可治愈的。划线词与curable词义接近，故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Like your body，your brain requires exercise to stay healthy.Challenging it with new hobbies and learning opportunities may be the best way to maintain its fitness.（和你的身体一样，你的大脑需要锻炼才能保持健康。用新的爱好和学习机会挑战它可能是保持健康的最佳方式。）可知，Merzenich主张训练我们的大脑以保持健康，故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学研究表明，通过让大脑的学习组织与新的技能或活动相结合，可以防止与年龄相关的认知能力下降。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第三段The Mineral robot can become taller to take pictures of wheat plants，or widen to scan a broad bed of crops.（Mineral机器人可以变高以拍摄小麦植株，也可以变宽以扫描广阔的作物床。）可知，Mineral机器人的特点是它可以自我调整。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段What's more，when the robot meets with different situations out in the field，it can accurately identify specific crops，traits or diseases.（更重要的是，当机器人在野外遇到不同的情况时，它可以准确地识别特定的作物、性状或疾病。）可知，该机器人能识别农作物的病害。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段The robot also takes pictures of flowers and then employs the machine learning model to count a plant's flowering speed，which is crucial to understand how a plant responds to its environment and predict the yields.（机器人还会拍摄花朵的照片，然后使用机器学习模型来计算植物的开花速度，这对于了解植物对环境的反应和预测产量至关重要。）可知，该机器人通过计算植物开花速度来预测其结果的数量。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段To find an effective way to deal with the global food safety crisis，Enter X，Alphabet Inc launched Project Mineral，which focuses on "computational agriculture"（为了找到一种有效的方法来应对全球食品安全危机，Enter X，Alphabet公司推出了Project Mineral，专注于"计算农业"）并结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍Alphabet公司推出的用于应对全球食品安全危机的新项目——"矿物项目"。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍Alphabet公司推出的用于应对全球食品安全危机的新项目——"矿物项目"。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】E、G、F、A、C
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文We've all heard of IQ，and terms like EQ，which relates to our emotional intelligence，are commonly used.But have you heard of AQ？ （我们都听说过IQ，还有像EQ这样的术语，它与你的情绪智力相关，是常用的。但你听说过AQ吗？）可知，设空处应承接上文关于AQ的话题，E项"AQ是'逆境商数'的缩写，衡量的是你应对生活跌宕起伏的能力。 "承接上一句，解释了AQ的概念，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选E项。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文（1） It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs — how likely we are to crumble （崩溃） or thrive in these situations. （AQ是逆境商数的缩写，用来衡量我们处理人生跌宕起伏的能力。它衡量的是当生活给我们出难题时，我们抵抗冲击的能力——我们在这些情况下崩溃或茁壮成长的可能性有多大。）可知，设空处为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明AQ的作用。G项"它可以用来预测我们的态度、毅力、寿命，以及我们从环境变化中学习的方式。"，句中的It指代上文的AQ，此处说明AQ的用途，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us.In the workplace，it could be in the form of layoff，the company we work for going under or being restructured，or even missing out on a promotion.Failed friendships and relationships，financial hard times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work. （逆境会让我们措手不及。在职场中，其形式可能是裁员，我们工作的公司倒闭或重组，甚至是错过升职机会。友谊和关系的失败，经济困难时期，甚至丧亲之痛都可能发生在工作之外。）可知，上文列举了一些困难时期，故设空处应说明如何应对这些时期，F项"能够处理这些艰难时刻不仅对我们的个人生活很重要，对我们的职业生活也很重要。"其中these rough times对应上文中hard times，上下文语意一致，衔接连贯。故选F项。
（4）段落主题题。根据下文Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome，seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. （适应性强的人通常有一个目标，能够更专注于想要的结果，把消极的情况视为实现目标路上的绊脚石。）可知，后文提到了要有目标，A项"首先，试着找到一个有意义的目标。"选项中goal对应后文中aim。下文Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step — one way to help is to practise breathing exercises. （学会放松和调节你的情绪是另一个关键的步骤---其中一个帮助的方法是练习呼吸练习。）A项的First与下文another key step呼应，此段陈述了一些可以帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的步骤，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。根据本段第一句"First，try and find a meaningful goal.（首先，试着找到一个有意义的目标。）此处为帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的第一个步骤，下文Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.（能够和别人谈论我们面临的挑战是有帮助的。）可知，后文提到和别人谈论面临的挑战，即寻求他人的支持；C项"最后，确保你有一个良好的社会支持网络。"其中的Finally，表明C项为帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的最后一个步骤，良好的社会支持网络可以在你面对挑战时找到可以倾诉的人，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的方法。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、D、D、C、C、A、D、B、A、A、C、A、B、B、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.discomfort不舒服；B.fear害怕，畏惧；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.sadness伤心。句意：我的生活变得不同了，因为我从一个可以接受的迷人的女人变成了一个怜悯和恐惧的对象。根据空前"When I became an amputee （截肢患者） at age 29，I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection.My life became different，as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity"可知我成为了一位截肢患者，所以可以推断我一定会成为别人怜悯和害怕的对象。故选B项。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.crying with为……哭泣；B.figuring out解决，算出；C.holding back隐瞒，阻止；D.dealing with处理，应对。句意：我忙于应付身体上的疼痛和明显的行动不便，一开始并没有意识到这个变化。根据空后"physical pain and obvious mobility limitation，"以及"I was determined to（3），feeling good about the progress I had made，as I moved forward."可以推断作者截肢以后一定会有身体上的各种不便要去应对。故选D项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.bear忍耐，忍耐；B.quit停止，戒掉；C.stick坚持；D.succeed成功。句意：我决心要成功，在前进的过程中，我为自己取得的进步感到高兴。根据空前"Too busy （2）physical pain and obvious mobility limitation，I was not aware of this change at first."以及空后"feeling good about the progress I had made，as I moved forward."可知作者决心要战胜自己身体的残疾，即取得成功。故选D项。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.Instead代替，反而；B.Moreover而且；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。句意：然而，当我第一次走出医院时，社会已经赋予了我一个新的身份。根据后文"Unfortunately，I had a rude（6）as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself."可知出院之后作者遇到的情况和自己最初想的情况有着明显的区别，前后含有转折的意味。故选C项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.calm镇静的，沉着的；B.poor贫穷的，不幸的；C.proud骄傲的，自豪的；D.rare稀有的，少见的。句意：很高兴摆脱了医院的限制，我---一个自豪的幸存者穿过购物中心，感觉自己像个战争英雄。根据空前"Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital，I rolled through the shopping mall"以及空后"feeling like a war hero."可知摆脱了医院的限制之后我觉得自己就像一个战斗英雄，可以推断作者是觉得很骄傲的。故选C项。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.awakening觉醒；B.ending结局；C.happening事件；D.processing工序。句意：不幸地是，我猛然醒悟，发现别人并不像我看待自己那样看待我。根据后文"All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact.Their efforts to （7）my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs.Mothers （8）held their children closer as I passed.Elderly women patted me on the head saying， "God Bless You!" with（9）in their eyes."可知当我出现在商场时，众人的反应与我最初的预料有着天壤之别，所以我在那一刻就醒悟了。故选A项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.turn使旋转；B.hold抱住，拥有；C.catch抓住，接住；D.avoid避免。句意：他们努力避开我的眼睛，这让我意识到他们只看到了我失去的双腿。根据前文"All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact."可知他们的眼睛都放在我身上，然而却没有人敢直视我的眼睛，所以此处应该是他们避免和我对视。故选D项。
（8）考查副词及语境理解。A.softly温柔地；B.protectively保护地；C.reluctantly不情愿地；D.pleasantly愉快地。句意：当我经过时，母亲们保护性地把孩子抱得更紧。根据空前"All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact.以及"空后"held their children closer as I passed."可知为了防止我吓到她们的孩子，妈妈们选择保护性地将孩子们抱得更紧。故选B项。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.pity遗憾，同情；B.anger愤怒；C.depression沮丧，抑郁；D.upset烦恼。句意：老妇人拍着我的头说："上帝保佑你！"他们眼中流露出怜悯之情。根据前文""God Bless You!""可知老人们对于作者的遭遇表现出了他们的同情和怜悯。故选A项。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.curiosity好奇心；B.determination决心；C.enthusiasm热情，激情；D.satisfaction满意，满足。句意：她带着毫不尴尬的好奇盯着那条空空的裤管。根据后文"Finding nothing there，she looked up at me with a puzzled look，she innocently asked， "Lady，where did your legs go？""以及"To a child，an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity"可知对于我空空的裤管小姑娘很好奇。故选A项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.lose失去；B.adjust调整，适应；C.remove移除，除去；D.stretch变大，拉长。句意：由于我的腿不像她那样强壮健康，医生不得不把它们切除。根据前文"When I became an amputee （截肢患者） at age 29，"以及"I explained that my legs had been sick.Since my legs hadn't been strong and healthy like hers，"可知作者的腿被切除了。故选C项。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.differently不同地；B.positively积极地；C.strangely奇怪地；D.sympathetically怜悯地。句意：这件事让我思考了孩子和成年人对未知事物的不同反应。根据前文"All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact.Their efforts to （7）my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs.Mothers （8）held their children closer as I passed.Elderly women patted me on the head saying， "God Bless You!" with （9）in their eyes."以及"Finding nothing there，she looked up at me with a puzzled look，she innocently asked， "Lady，where did your legs go？""以及"Leaning her head upwards，she asked， "Did they go to 'Leg Heaven'？""可知成年人和孩子对于我的残疾的反应有着明显的不同。故选A项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.painful痛苦的；B.potential潜在的；C.similar相似的；D.common共同的；常见的。句意：对孩子来说，奇怪的外表是一种有趣的新奇的东西，也是一段潜在的学习经历，而成年人通常会以恐惧和憎恶来看待同样的事情。根据前文"Finding nothing there，she looked up at me with a puzzled look，she innocently asked， "Lady，where did your legs go？""以及"Leaning her head upwards，she asked， "Did they go to 'Leg Heaven'？""可知小姑娘围着我的残疾的腿问东问西，显然是将它当成了一个学习的机会。故选B项。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.conscious有意识的；B.guilty愧疚的，有罪的；C.ignorant无知的；D.short短暂的。句意：我开始意识到，在我知道截肢者的生活是什么样之前，我也曾因同样的不当反应而感到内疚。根据前文"My life became different，as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and （1）."以及"while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror."可知我自己以前的反应也是不合适的，我为此感到内疚。故选B项。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.creative有创造力的；B.flexible灵活的；C.positive积极的，乐观的；D.scientific科学的。句意：通过使用积极的方法，我试图让社会明白这样一个事实：拥有一个不那么完美的身体并不意味着生活质量差。根据前文"To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit，I now smile warmly，make eye contact，and speak in a confident manner."可知我对生活的态度是积极的，乐观的。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在29岁截肢后所经历的事情以及自己的心路历程，自己用积极的态度对待人生，说明了残疾人也可以有多彩的生活。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】pursued
【小题2】appreciation
【小题3】which
【小题4】making
【小题5】were created
【解析】（1）pursued.考查过去分词。句意：拥有6000多年的历史，中国画，最初被富人追求，大约在公元前221年的东晋时期发展起来。分析句子可知，"originally （1） （ pursue） by wealthy people"作定语，修饰Chinese painting，pursue与Chinese painting是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填pursued。
（2）appreciation.考查不可数名词。句意：后来，在公元581年左右，随着越来越多的人开始欣赏它的美丽，它开始流行起来。分析句子可知，动词后接名词作宾语，appreciation"感激"是不可数名词，故填appreciation。
（3）which.考查定语从句。句意：中国的画笔主要由山羊、狼、狐毛制作，适合制作既柔软又细的画笔。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，指代整个主句，从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。
（4）making.考查现在分词。句意：油漆工润湿墨水石，然后在石头上研磨墨水棒，使墨水运行，以便它可以用于绘画。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是wets和grinds表示意料之中的结果，故make用非谓语动词形式作状语，make与主语The painter是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，表示理所应当的结果，故填making。
（5）were created.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：许多中国古代艺术品都是在丝绸上创作的。分析句子可知，creat是谓语动词，与主语artworks是被动关系，用被动语态，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语artworks是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填were created。
（6）so.考查状语从句。句意：然而，丝绸是非常昂贵的，只有非常重要的绘画才会使用它。根据句意以及下文的that可知，此处用so…that…引导状语从句，so是副词，修饰形容词expensive作状语，故填so。
（7）cheaper.考查形容词比较级。句意：到了第一世纪，当早期的纸张被发明时，画画已经便宜很多。根据句意以及空前的a lot修饰形容词比较级可知，此处用形容词cheap的比较级作表语，become是系动词，故填cheaper。
（8）for.考查介词。句意：中国画以其独特的风格、鲜明的特色和独特的技法而享誉世界。根据句意，表示原因用介词for"为了"，故填for。
（9）initially.考查副词。句意：当你看着一幅中国画时，你可能一开始并没有意识到它的复杂概念。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填initially。
（10）to be learned/to be learnt.考查不定式的被动式。句意：事实上，关于中国传统绘画及其元素，还有很多值得学习的地方。分析句子可知，remain是系动词，接不定式作表语，根据句意，主语much与谓语动词learn是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，且learn的过去分词为learned或者learnt，故填to be learned/to be learnt。
本文是说明文。主要讲述了中国画的发展历史，以及中国享有的国际声誉，通过欣赏中国画，你将会更好地了解中国传统文化和中国人。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Take Exercise and Keep HealthyNowadays，we high school students spend little time taking exercise because of huge learning tasks.As a result，many of us are suffering from poor physical or mental health.（当前中学生身体现状）
There is no doubt that taking exercise regularly not only helps build up our body，but also makes a difference to our mental health.In addition，exercise can help refresh our mind after a period of exhausting work so that we can focus more on our study.【高分句型一】（锻炼身体的重要性）
My fellow students think nothing is more important than having a good health.Only by keeping ourselves healthy and strong can we feel energetic and vigorous and achieve success in our study life. 【高分句型二】So let's take exercise regularly and make it a habit in our life.（你的呼吁）
【解析】高分句型一：In addition，exercise can help refresh our mind after a period of exhausting work so that we can focus more on our study.
译文：此外，锻炼可以帮助我们在一段时间的疲惫工作后恢复精神，这样我们就可以更加专注于学习。
分析：这句话使用了so that引导的结果状语从句。
高分句型二：Only by keeping ourselves healthy and strong can we feel energetic and vigorous and achieve success in our study life.
译文：只有保持自己的健康和强壮，我们才能感到精力充沛，在学习生活中取得成功。
分析：这句话使用了only+介词短语置于句首，后面接部分倒装。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】This morning，Naida suddenly walked away and headed back into town，ignoring Karina's hopeless cry and leaving her completely alone.The poor little girl cried with fear，tears blurring her eyes.She curled up in a tight ball，wondering what was waiting for her.【高分句型一】At the same time，Naida found its way back home.When Karina's mum saw it，she was excited，hugging it tightly with tears filling her eyes.She was more convinced that Karina was still alive.The rescue efforts were restarted，giving hope to the family.（描写Naida如何返回镇上并找到救援）
Naida did what it could to lead the rescue team to where Karina was.With the help of her sharp smelling，the rescuer spotted the little girl in an overgrown grassy field.Karina was lying there，hiding herself from danger and keeping herself warm.On seeing her beloved friend back，Karina cuddled it close，whispering in its ears. "I know you won't abandon me.Thanks for your always being with me!" How Naida protected Karina is indeed an amazing proof to the friendship that our four-legged friends can show.【高分句型二】（描写救援者如何在Naida的带领下找到Karina）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了四岁的Karina和自己的狗一起迷失在广阔而危险的西伯利亚荒野中，但是Karina和她的狗却奇迹般地活了下来。
高分句型一：She curled up in a tight ball，wondering what was waiting for her.
翻译：她蜷缩成一团，不知道等着她的是什么。
分析：本句运用了what引导的宾语从句和现在分词短语wondering what was waiting for her作状语。
高分句型二：How Naida protected Karina is indeed an amazing proof to the friendship that our four-legged friends can show.
翻译：Naida保护Karina的方式确实是我们四条腿的朋友可以展示的友谊的惊人证明。
分析：本句运用了how引导的主语从句和that引导的定语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
2022-2023学年吉林省延边重点学校高二（下）期中英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
SEA Summer High School Programs 2023
Science at SEA
Science at SEA is a four-week program for rising high school juniors and seniors，as well as recent high school graduates，which focuses on the coastal and offshore marine environment around Cape Cod Massachusetts.The program includes a shore component on the SEA campus in Woods Hole and a sea component aboard the Sailing School Vessel（SSV） Corwith Cramer.
July 21-August 13
Expense：﹩4，000
SEA Quest
SEA Quest is a two-week program that welcomes high school students and recent graduates.Participants will gain hands-on experience conducting field research，sailing at all ships，and understanding of the complexities of creating and managing marine reserves.They will return home with a broader sense of the ocean's importance to our planet and the need to preserve this precious resource for future generations.Life here is fast-paced.No prior sailing experience is necessary.A strong desire to learn is required!
July 11-July 22
Expense：﹩3，200
SEA Cape
This three-week summer program at SEA offers current high school students the opportunity to study the marine environment from a variety of perspectives：scientific，historical，and literary.Participants live and study at our campus in Woods Hole，Massachusetts.
June 27-July 14
Expense：﹩3，800
SEA Expedition
This two-week summer program for high school students，including graduating seniors，is centered on learning by doing.SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition，and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer.Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.
July 5-July 17
Expense：﹩3，500
1. Which program lasts the shortest？ ______
A. Science at SEA. B. SEA Quest.
C. SEA Cape. D. SEA Expedition.
2. What is required for participants in SEA Quest？ ______
A. Previous experience in sailing.
B. Ability to conduct scientific experiments.
C. Great eagerness to study the sea.
D. Knowledge of sea resource preservation.
3. What is the challenge about SEA Expedition？ ______
A. It lasts about two weeks.
B. It entirely takes place on a ship.
C. It is centered on learning by doing.
D. It is a multidisciplinary experience.
B
I've spent two decades observing what makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck.I teach entrepreneurship （创业学）.We know many new enterprises fail，and innovators （创业者）need luck.
With my students，I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks.I do this myself all the time.About a dozen years ago ，during a flight，I decided to take a little risk.I started a conversation with the man sitting next to me.I introduced myself，and I learned that he was a publisher.I learned all about the future of the publishing industry and we exchanged contact （联系）information.So about three quarters through the flight，I decided to take another risk.I showed him a book plan I was doing in my class.Although he was very polite，he said it wasn't right for them.
A couple of months later，I told him I was doing a project on transforming the book，the future of publishing and invited him to come to my class.So he gladly came to my class.We had a great experience.A few months later，I wrote to him again，sending a bunch of video clips （剪辑）from another project my students had made.He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it.I was a little bit hurt，but it was all right.So I invited him and his colleagues to have lunch together.Later，one of his editors asked me if I had considered writing a book.And I pulled out the exact same plan I had showed his boss a year earlier.Within two years，my book had sold over a million copies.
4. We can infer from the author's experience on the plane that ______ .
A. the publisher was stricken by his book
B. that was his experience by plane
C. the first risk during the flight didn't work out
D. the experience made him transforming his book
5. Why did the author send the students' video clips？ ______
A. To have their book published. B. To help to increase his luck.
C. To assess their writing skills. D. To help them see their strengths.
6. Which can be the best title for the passage？ ______
A. Take the Lead. B. Everything is Possible.
C. Win in Danger. D. Luck and Risk.
7. What does the author think resulted in his luck ？ ______
A. Publishing books.
B. A series of small risks.
C. Being turned down frequently.
D. Meeting with the stranger on the plane.
C
For a lot of people，age-related cognitive decline（认知衰退）follows"gradually，and then suddenly".At first，the loss of mental sharpness is difficult to detect.But one day you may find that your memory and other mental muscles have grown noticeably，frustratingly weak.
Research has found cognitive decline may begin as early as your 20s.Typically，a person peaks out around their 30th birthday，" says Michael Merzenich，a former director of the Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience at the University of California.Each decade thereafter，the average person's mental sharpness steadily drops off.
The brain's toolset usually grows rusty（生锈的）as a result of disuse - not because of unpreventable degradation but due to taking your brain offline. "Offline" refers to autopilot activities，"This means doing the same things - relying on the abilities or skills you acquired at a younger age，" he explains.During the first few decades of your life，this sort of cognitive coasting isn't really possible.But once you've settled into adulthood - into a set of routines - your day-to-day life may not ask much of your brain's executive（决策的） functions，which are the high-level operations helping you solve complex problems.The older you get，the more difficult for you to change your habitual routine.
Fortunately，constantly engaging your brain's learning machinery with skills or activities that are new makes it possible to prevent age-related cognitive decline.
More of Merzenich's research has shown that "targeted" brain training can help people strengthen their memories，concentration，and high-level processing capabilities.Even among people with mild brain injury，cognitive damage is often reversible with proper training.He recommends adopting a new hobby - something that forces you to learn a new set of skills. "The goal is to expand your understanding in a new way，"he says.
Like your body，your brain requires exercise to stay healthy.Challenging it with new hobbies and learning opportunities may be the best way to maintain its fitness.
8. What can we learn about cognitive decline？ ______
A. It is difficult to detect. B. It processes gradually.
C. It can be prevented. D. It occurs in one's thirties.
9. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______
A. The meaning of"offline".
B. The features of mental sharpness.
C. The reasons for cognitive decline.
D. The process of brains growing rusty.
10. What does underlined word "reversible" in paragraph5 probably mean？ ______
A. Believable. B. Lasting. C. Predictable. D. Curable.
11. What does Merzenich seem to advocate？ ______
A. Keeping our habitual routine.
B. Training our brain to keep it healthy.
C. Detecting mental sharpness regularly.
D. Adopting as many hobbies as we can.
D
By the year 2050，Earth's population is expected to reach nearly 10 billion people.With this growth comes a surprising demand for food resources.To find an effective way to deal with the global food safety crisis，Enter X，Alphabet Inc launched Project Mineral，which focuses on "computational agriculture"，a term to describe new technologies that will further increase understanding about the plant world.
Can a machine be taught to understand the plant world？After years of work，Project Mineral leader Elliot Grant and his team's latest prototype（原型）-a plant-scanning robot-will turn up at the Smithsonian's "Futures" exhibition later this year.The four-wheeled plant robot，about as tall as a shipping container and as wide as a car，uses different cameras and other technologies to monitor and find possible problems with plants.
As it rolls through the farmland，it can identify weeds，and measure the ripeness of fruits.The Mineral robot can become taller to take pictures of wheat plants，or widen to scan a broad bed of crops.What's more，when the robot meets with different situations out in the field，it can accurately identify specific crops，traits or diseases.
Mineral has partnered with a farmer in the Philippines who is helping the team study diseases in bananas.Images of diseased bananas will be used to teach the robot how to detect diseases.
The robot also takes pictures of flowers and then employs the machine learning model to count a plant's flowering speed，which is crucial to understand how a plant responds to its environment and predict the yields.Besides，the robot can measure all kinds of leaf sizes and detect greenness.
Though the robot has come a long way from its origin，it's still a prototype.Mineral stresses that they're constantly improving and working closely with experts in the agricultural field to understand plants further.
12. Which of the following is a characteristic of the Mineral robot？ ______
A. It powers itself. B. It moves with legs.
C. It looks like a ship. D. It can adjust itself.
13. What is the function of the Mineral robot？ ______
A. Growing plants on its own. B. Helping fight insects.
C. Detecting crop diseases. D. Removing bad fruits.
14. How does the Mineral robot predict crop yields？ ______
A. By observing the ripeness of fruits.
B. By calculating how fast plants flower.
C. By analyzing the shape of plants' leaves.
D. By analyzing images of diseased plants.
15. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. An attempt in solving the population problems.
B. Improvement of a plant-scanning robot.
C. Project Mineral-a fight against food safety crisis.
D. Effective solutions to deal with crop diseases.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
How to be more resilient （适应力强的）？
We've all heard of IQ，and terms like EQ，which relates to our emotional intelligence，are commonly used.But have you heard of AQ？（1） ______ It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs — how likely we are to crumble（崩溃） or thrive in these situations.（2） ______
Adverse situations can take us by surprise.In the workplace，it could be in the form of a layoff，the company we work for going under or being restructured，or even missing out on a promotion.Failed friendships and relationships，hard financial times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work.（3） ______ So how can we learn to be more resilient？
Luckily，there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient and adaptable in the face of adversity，according to Dr Shahram Heshmat，professor of health economics.
（ 4） ______ Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome，seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal.Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step — one way to help is to practise breathing exercises.Likewise，dwelling on things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed.So see difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally.（5） ______ Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.
A.First，try and find a meaningful goal.
B.Things that happen in life are not always pleasant.
C.Finally，make sure you have a good social support network.
D.However，taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through.
E.AQ stands for Adversity Quotient and measures our ability to deal with the ups and downs of life.
F.Being able to handle these rough times is important not only in our personal lives but in our professional lives too.
G.It can be used to predict our attitudes，perseverance，longevity，and the ways we learn from changes in the environment.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）
When I became an amputee （截肢患者） at age 29，I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection.My life became different，as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and （1） ______ .
Too busy（2） ______ physical pain and obvious mobility limitation，I was not aware of this change at first.I was determined to （3） ______ ，feeling good about the progress I had made，as I moved forward.
（ 4） ______ ，as I made my first excursion（远足）outside the hospital，society had already assigned me a new status.Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital，I rolled through the shopping mall – a（5） ______ survivor，feeling like a war hero.Unfortunately，I had a rude（6） ______ as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.
All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact.Their efforts to（7） ______ my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs.Mothers （8） ______ held their children closer as I passed.Elderly women patted me on the head saying， "God Bless You!" with （9） ______ in their eyes.
While I sat thinking about what had happened，a small girl came up to me.She stared with unembarrassed （10） ______ at the empty pants.Finding nothing there，she looked up at me with a puzzled look，she innocently asked， "Lady，where did your legs go？"
I explained that my legs had been sick.Since my legs hadn't been strong and healthy like hers，the doctors had to（11） ______ them.Leaning her head upwards，she asked， "Did they go to 'Leg Heaven'？"
That incident made me think about how （12） ______ children and adults react to the unknown.To a child，an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity and a（13） ______ learning experience while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror.I began to realize that，I，too had been（14） ______ of the same inappropriate reactions before I knew what life was like for an amputee.
To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit，I now smile warmly，make eye contact，and speak in a confident manner.By using a（15） ______ approach，I attempt to enlighten society about the fact that having a not-so-perfect body doesn't mean having a poor quality of life.
21. A. discomfort B. fear C. embarrassment D. sadness
22. A. crying with B. figuring out C. holding back D. dealing with
23. A. bear B. quit C. stick D. succeed
24. A. Instead B. Moreover C. However D. Therefore
25. A. calm B. poor C. proud D. rare
26. A. awakening B. ending C. happening D. processing
27. A. turn B. hold C. catch D. avoid
28. A. softly B. protectively C. reluctantly D. pleasantly
29. A. pity B. anger C. depression D. upset
30. A. curiosity B. determination C. enthusiasm D. satisfaction
31. A. lose B. adjust C. remove D. stretch
32. A. differently B. positively
C. strangely D. sympathetically
33. A. painful B. potential C. similar D. common
34. A. conscious B. guilty C. ignorant D. short
35. A. creative B. flexible C. positive D. scientific
四、阅读填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
36. With a history of more than 6，000 years，Chinese painting，originally (1) （ pursue） by wealthy people，developed around 221 BC during the Eastern Jin Dynasty.Then，it became popular around 581 AD as more and more people began to show (2) （ appreciate） of its beauty.
Basic tools and materials for Chinese painting involve writing brushes，ink and paper.The Chinese painting brush is mostly made of goat，wolf or fox hair， (3) is suitable for producing brushes that are both soft and stringy （有韧性）.
The ink stick is produced with a mixture of pine soot （松烟） and animal glue.It's used in combination with an ink stone.The painter wets the ink stone and then grinds （研磨） the ink stick on the stone， (4) （ make） the ink run so that it can be used for painting.
Many Chinese ancient artworks (5) （ create） on silk.However，silk was (6) expensive that only very important paintings would use it.By the first century，when the early form of paper was invented，it had become a lot (7) （ cheap） to paint.
Traditional Chinese painting enjoys worldwide fame (8) its original style，distinctive features and special techniques.It emphasizes harmony between man and nature.When looking at a Chinese painting，you may not (9) （ initial） realize its complex concept.In fact，much remains (10) （ learn） about traditional Chinese painting and its elements.Through appreciating Chinese painting，you will have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese people.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共50.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，你校打算发起一场以"坚持锻炼，强身健体"（Take Exercise and Keep Healthy）为主题的宣传活动，你受学生会委托为校宣传栏写一份倡议书。内容包括：
（1）当前中学生身体现状；
（2）锻炼身体的重要性；
（3）你的呼吁。
注意：
（1）词数80左右
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Take Exercise and Keep Healthy
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a sunny summer morning，the breeze blowing gently.As planned，Jackson took a trip into the remote wilds near Olom Village，in the Sakha Republic，Russia.His four-year-old daughter，Karina，found him leaving and wanted to follow him to give her dad a surprise.She slipped out of the house，with nobody realizing it，even Jackson.
Unfortunately，she walked too slowly on her way and soon she was lost in the vast，dangerous Siberian wilderness.Luckily for her，her dog，Naida，followed Karina just as the girl followed her father.The two suddenly found themselves walking with no one in sight，drifting away from their home as the hours went by.
Night fell.Karina's father returned home，and it didn't take long after that for the whole family to realize what had happened.They couldn't find Karina anywhere.They turned to the police for help immediately.And they took action at once in search of the lost girl.
A whole week had gone by and there was no progress of the rescue in sight.The whole family was stuck in desperation，but Karina's mum never lost hope. "Many stopped believing that she was alive，but as a mother I felt that she would be found soon."
In fact，Karina did survive.Although Siberia is an extremely dangerous place even for otherwise fit adults due to its wildlife and climate，she made it.She survived by eating wild fruits and drinking water from nearby rivers，and she faced the freezing nighttime temperatures by cozying up in a bed of grass.Naida did its best too，scaring away the wild animals and keeping each other warm by sleeping close together at night.
After nine days struggling to survive，scared and alone，Karina could only be grateful about one thing：her good friend was by her side.Naida gave its strength，and actively helped the four-year-old to stay alive for that long.
This morning，Naida suddenly walked away and headed back into town，ignoring Karina's hopeless cry and leaving her completely alone.__________
Naida did what it could to lead the rescue team to where Karina was.__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、C、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章Science at SEA部分July 21—August 13（7月21日至8月13日。）SEA Quest部分中"July 11—July 22（7月11日至7月22日。）SEA Cape部分中June 27 —July 14（6月27日至7月14日。）SEA Expedition部分中July 5—July 17（7月5日至7月17日。）可知，Science at SEA持续时间最长。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章SEA Quest部分Strong desire to learn is required!（需要有强烈的学习欲望！）可知，参加SEA任务需要非常渴望研究海洋。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段SEA Expedition is a multidisciplinary experience that welcomes students to participate in every aspect of a challenging offshore sailing and oceanographic expedition，and occurs entirely aboard the SSV Corwith Cramer.Life at sea is fast-paced and tough.（SEA探险是一个多学科的体验，欢迎学生参与一个具有挑战性的近海航行和海洋探险的每一个方面，并完全发生在SSV Corwith Cramer上。海上的生活节奏快而艰苦。）可知，SEA Expedition的特别之处是它完全发生在船上的。故选B。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个2023年SEA夏季高中项目。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。二、看题干，带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
4~7.【答案】D、B、D、B
【解析】（1）D．细节理解题．根据第三段的"A couple of months later，I told him I was doing a project on transforming the book，the future of publishing and invited him to come lo my class．几个月后，我告诉他我正在做一个关于改变这本书的项目，出版的未来，并邀请他来我的课堂．"可知作者在飞机上的经历使他改变了他的著作．故选D．
（2）B．推理判断题．根据第二段的" So about three quarters through the flight，I decided to take another risk．I showed him a hook plan I was doing in my class．所以在飞行的四分之三左右，我决定再冒一次险．我给他看了一个我在班上做的钩子计划．"及第三段" A few months later，I wrote to him again，sending a bunch of video clips （剪辑）from another project my students had made．He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it．几个月后，我再次写信给他，从我的学生做的另一个项目发送了一组视频剪辑．他是如此被其中一个打动了，他以为里面有本书．"可推测 作者把学生的视频剪辑和书一起寄过去的目的是帮助增加自己的运气．故选B．
（3）D．标题归纳题．根据文章的主要内容，尤其是一段的"I've spent two decades observing what makes people lucky and trying to help people increase their luck．I teach entrepreneurship （创业学）．We know many new enterprises fail，and innovators （创业者）need luck我花了二十年的时间观察什么能让人幸运，并试图帮助人们增加运气．我教创业．我们知道许多新企业失败了，创新者需要运气．"再根据第二段"With my students，I spend much time encouraging them to get out of their comfort zone and take some risks．I do this myself all the time．和我的学生们在一起，我花了很多时间鼓励他们走出自己的舒适区，去冒险，我一直都是自己做的．"可知，本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得 人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会．作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做．所以"D．Luck and Risk（运气和冒险）"可以作为本文标题．故选D．
（4）B．推理判断题．根据第二段的"About a dozen years ago ，during a flight，I decided to take a little risk．大约十几年前，在一次飞行中，我决定冒点险． "及第二段的"So about three quarters through the flight，I decided to take another risk．所以在飞行的四分之三左右，我决定再冒一次险．"和第三段的"A few months later，I wrote to him again，sending a bunch of video clips （剪辑）from another project my students had made．He was so stricken by one of them that he thought there was a book in it．几个月后，我又写信给他，从我的学生们做的另一个项目中发了一堆视频片段，他被其中一个项目弄得心烦意乱，以为里面有本书．"可知出版商拒绝之后，作者一直没有放弃，冒着拒绝的风险提升幸运的机会，最终成功的出版了这本书．由此推测，作者认为是一些小的冒险让他成功了．故选B．
这是一篇人生感悟类阅读．本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得 人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会．作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做．
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
8~11.【答案】C、C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第四段中Fortunately，constantly engaging your brain's learning machinery with skills or activities that are new makes it possible to prevent age-related cognitive decline.（幸运的是，不断让大脑的学习机器与新的技能或活动相结合，可以防止与年龄相关的认知能力下降。）可知，认知能力下降是可以预防的。故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据文章第三段中The brain's toolset usually grows rusty（生锈的）as a result of disuse - not because of unpreventable degradation but due to taking your brain offline. "Offline" refers to autopilot activities.（大脑的工具集通常会因为废弃而生锈--不是因为无法避免的退化，而是因为大脑离线。"离线"是指自动驾驶活动。）可知，第三段主要介绍的是认知能力下降的原因，故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据上文More of Merzenich's research has shown that "targeted" brain training can help people strengthen their memories，concentration，and high-level processing capabilities.（Merzenich的更多研究表明，"定向"的大脑训练可以帮助人们增强记忆、注意力和高水平的处理能力。）可知，划线单词所在句子Even among people with mild brain injury，cognitive damage is often reversible with proper training.的意思是"即使在轻度脑损伤的人群中，只要适当的训练，认知损伤通常是可治愈的。"由此判断，划线单词的意思是"可治愈的"。A.Believable.可信的；B.Lasting.持久的；C.Predictable.可预测的；D.Curable.可治愈的。划线词与curable词义接近，故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Like your body，your brain requires exercise to stay healthy.Challenging it with new hobbies and learning opportunities may be the best way to maintain its fitness.（和你的身体一样，你的大脑需要锻炼才能保持健康。用新的爱好和学习机会挑战它可能是保持健康的最佳方式。）可知，Merzenich主张训练我们的大脑以保持健康，故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学研究表明，通过让大脑的学习组织与新的技能或活动相结合，可以防止与年龄相关的认知能力下降。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】D、C、B、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第三段The Mineral robot can become taller to take pictures of wheat plants，or widen to scan a broad bed of crops.（Mineral机器人可以变高以拍摄小麦植株，也可以变宽以扫描广阔的作物床。）可知，Mineral机器人的特点是它可以自我调整。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段What's more，when the robot meets with different situations out in the field，it can accurately identify specific crops，traits or diseases.（更重要的是，当机器人在野外遇到不同的情况时，它可以准确地识别特定的作物、性状或疾病。）可知，该机器人能识别农作物的病害。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段The robot also takes pictures of flowers and then employs the machine learning model to count a plant's flowering speed，which is crucial to understand how a plant responds to its environment and predict the yields.（机器人还会拍摄花朵的照片，然后使用机器学习模型来计算植物的开花速度，这对于了解植物对环境的反应和预测产量至关重要。）可知，该机器人通过计算植物开花速度来预测其结果的数量。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章第一段To find an effective way to deal with the global food safety crisis，Enter X，Alphabet Inc launched Project Mineral，which focuses on "computational agriculture"（为了找到一种有效的方法来应对全球食品安全危机，Enter X，Alphabet公司推出了Project Mineral，专注于"计算农业"）并结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍Alphabet公司推出的用于应对全球食品安全危机的新项目——"矿物项目"。故选C。
这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍Alphabet公司推出的用于应对全球食品安全危机的新项目——"矿物项目"。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】E、G、F、A、C
【解析】（1）联系上文题。根据上文We've all heard of IQ，and terms like EQ，which relates to our emotional intelligence，are commonly used.But have you heard of AQ？ （我们都听说过IQ，还有像EQ这样的术语，它与你的情绪智力相关，是常用的。但你听说过AQ吗？）可知，设空处应承接上文关于AQ的话题，E项"AQ是'逆境商数'的缩写，衡量的是你应对生活跌宕起伏的能力。 "承接上一句，解释了AQ的概念，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选E项。
（2）联系上文题。根据上文（1） It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs — how likely we are to crumble （崩溃） or thrive in these situations. （AQ是逆境商数的缩写，用来衡量我们处理人生跌宕起伏的能力。它衡量的是当生活给我们出难题时，我们抵抗冲击的能力——我们在这些情况下崩溃或茁壮成长的可能性有多大。）可知，设空处为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明AQ的作用。G项"它可以用来预测我们的态度、毅力、寿命，以及我们从环境变化中学习的方式。"，句中的It指代上文的AQ，此处说明AQ的用途，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us.In the workplace，it could be in the form of layoff，the company we work for going under or being restructured，or even missing out on a promotion.Failed friendships and relationships，financial hard times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work. （逆境会让我们措手不及。在职场中，其形式可能是裁员，我们工作的公司倒闭或重组，甚至是错过升职机会。友谊和关系的失败，经济困难时期，甚至丧亲之痛都可能发生在工作之外。）可知，上文列举了一些困难时期，故设空处应说明如何应对这些时期，F项"能够处理这些艰难时刻不仅对我们的个人生活很重要，对我们的职业生活也很重要。"其中these rough times对应上文中hard times，上下文语意一致，衔接连贯。故选F项。
（4）段落主题题。根据下文Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome，seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. （适应性强的人通常有一个目标，能够更专注于想要的结果，把消极的情况视为实现目标路上的绊脚石。）可知，后文提到了要有目标，A项"首先，试着找到一个有意义的目标。"选项中goal对应后文中aim。下文Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step — one way to help is to practise breathing exercises. （学会放松和调节你的情绪是另一个关键的步骤---其中一个帮助的方法是练习呼吸练习。）A项的First与下文another key step呼应，此段陈述了一些可以帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的步骤，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选A项。
（5）推理判断题。根据本段第一句"First，try and find a meaningful goal.（首先，试着找到一个有意义的目标。）此处为帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的第一个步骤，下文Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.（能够和别人谈论我们面临的挑战是有帮助的。）可知，后文提到和别人谈论面临的挑战，即寻求他人的支持；C项"最后，确保你有一个良好的社会支持网络。"其中的Finally，表明C项为帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的最后一个步骤，良好的社会支持网络可以在你面对挑战时找到可以倾诉的人，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选C项。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的方法。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
21~35.【答案】B、D、D、C、C、A、D、B、A、A、C、A、B、B、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.discomfort不舒服；B.fear害怕，畏惧；C.embarrassment尴尬；D.sadness伤心。句意：我的生活变得不同了，因为我从一个可以接受的迷人的女人变成了一个怜悯和恐惧的对象。根据空前"When I became an amputee （截肢患者） at age 29，I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection.My life became different，as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity"可知我成为了一位截肢患者，所以可以推断我一定会成为别人怜悯和害怕的对象。故选B项。
（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.crying with为……哭泣；B.figuring out解决，算出；C.holding back隐瞒，阻止；D.dealing with处理，应对。句意：我忙于应付身体上的疼痛和明显的行动不便，一开始并没有意识到这个变化。根据空后"physical pain and obvious mobility limitation，"以及"I was determined to（3），feeling good about the progress I had made，as I moved forward."可以推断作者截肢以后一定会有身体上的各种不便要去应对。故选D项。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.bear忍耐，忍耐；B.quit停止，戒掉；C.stick坚持；D.succeed成功。句意：我决心要成功，在前进的过程中，我为自己取得的进步感到高兴。根据空前"Too busy （2）physical pain and obvious mobility limitation，I was not aware of this change at first."以及空后"feeling good about the progress I had made，as I moved forward."可知作者决心要战胜自己身体的残疾，即取得成功。故选D项。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.Instead代替，反而；B.Moreover而且；C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。句意：然而，当我第一次走出医院时，社会已经赋予了我一个新的身份。根据后文"Unfortunately，I had a rude（6）as I discovered that others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself."可知出院之后作者遇到的情况和自己最初想的情况有着明显的区别，前后含有转折的意味。故选C项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.calm镇静的，沉着的；B.poor贫穷的，不幸的；C.proud骄傲的，自豪的；D.rare稀有的，少见的。句意：很高兴摆脱了医院的限制，我---一个自豪的幸存者穿过购物中心，感觉自己像个战争英雄。根据空前"Happy to be free of my restriction in the hospital，I rolled through the shopping mall"以及空后"feeling like a war hero."可知摆脱了医院的限制之后我觉得自己就像一个战斗英雄，可以推断作者是觉得很骄傲的。故选C项。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.awakening觉醒；B.ending结局；C.happening事件；D.processing工序。句意：不幸地是，我猛然醒悟，发现别人并不像我看待自己那样看待我。根据后文"All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact.Their efforts to （7）my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs.Mothers （8）held their children closer as I passed.Elderly women patted me on the head saying， "God Bless You!" with（9）in their eyes."可知当我出现在商场时，众人的反应与我最初的预料有着天壤之别，所以我在那一刻就醒悟了。故选A项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.turn使旋转；B.hold抱住，拥有；C.catch抓住，接住；D.avoid避免。句意：他们努力避开我的眼睛，这让我意识到他们只看到了我失去的双腿。根据前文"All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact."可知他们的眼睛都放在我身上，然而却没有人敢直视我的眼睛，所以此处应该是他们避免和我对视。故选D项。
（8）考查副词及语境理解。A.softly温柔地；B.protectively保护地；C.reluctantly不情愿地；D.pleasantly愉快地。句意：当我经过时，母亲们保护性地把孩子抱得更紧。根据空前"All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact.以及"空后"held their children closer as I passed."可知为了防止我吓到她们的孩子，妈妈们选择保护性地将孩子们抱得更紧。故选B项。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.pity遗憾，同情；B.anger愤怒；C.depression沮丧，抑郁；D.upset烦恼。句意：老妇人拍着我的头说："上帝保佑你！"他们眼中流露出怜悯之情。根据前文""God Bless You!""可知老人们对于作者的遭遇表现出了他们的同情和怜悯。故选A项。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.curiosity好奇心；B.determination决心；C.enthusiasm热情，激情；D.satisfaction满意，满足。句意：她带着毫不尴尬的好奇盯着那条空空的裤管。根据后文"Finding nothing there，she looked up at me with a puzzled look，she innocently asked， "Lady，where did your legs go？""以及"To a child，an odd appearance is an interesting curiosity"可知对于我空空的裤管小姑娘很好奇。故选A项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.lose失去；B.adjust调整，适应；C.remove移除，除去；D.stretch变大，拉长。句意：由于我的腿不像她那样强壮健康，医生不得不把它们切除。根据前文"When I became an amputee （截肢患者） at age 29，"以及"I explained that my legs had been sick.Since my legs hadn't been strong and healthy like hers，"可知作者的腿被切除了。故选C项。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.differently不同地；B.positively积极地；C.strangely奇怪地；D.sympathetically怜悯地。句意：这件事让我思考了孩子和成年人对未知事物的不同反应。根据前文"All eyes were upon me，yet no one dared to make eye contact.Their efforts to （7）my eyes forced me to realize they saw only my missing legs.Mothers （8）held their children closer as I passed.Elderly women patted me on the head saying， "God Bless You!" with （9）in their eyes."以及"Finding nothing there，she looked up at me with a puzzled look，she innocently asked， "Lady，where did your legs go？""以及"Leaning her head upwards，she asked， "Did they go to 'Leg Heaven'？""可知成年人和孩子对于我的残疾的反应有着明显的不同。故选A项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.painful痛苦的；B.potential潜在的；C.similar相似的；D.common共同的；常见的。句意：对孩子来说，奇怪的外表是一种有趣的新奇的东西，也是一段潜在的学习经历，而成年人通常会以恐惧和憎恶来看待同样的事情。根据前文"Finding nothing there，she looked up at me with a puzzled look，she innocently asked， "Lady，where did your legs go？""以及"Leaning her head upwards，she asked， "Did they go to 'Leg Heaven'？""可知小姑娘围着我的残疾的腿问东问西，显然是将它当成了一个学习的机会。故选B项。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.conscious有意识的；B.guilty愧疚的，有罪的；C.ignorant无知的；D.short短暂的。句意：我开始意识到，在我知道截肢者的生活是什么样之前，我也曾因同样的不当反应而感到内疚。根据前文"My life became different，as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and （1）."以及"while adults often view the same thing with fear and horror."可知我自己以前的反应也是不合适的，我为此感到内疚。故选B项。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.creative有创造力的；B.flexible灵活的；C.positive积极的，乐观的；D.scientific科学的。句意：通过使用积极的方法，我试图让社会明白这样一个事实：拥有一个不那么完美的身体并不意味着生活质量差。根据前文"To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit，I now smile warmly，make eye contact，and speak in a confident manner."可知我对生活的态度是积极的，乐观的。故选C项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者在29岁截肢后所经历的事情以及自己的心路历程，自己用积极的态度对待人生，说明了残疾人也可以有多彩的生活。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】pursued
【小题2】appreciation
【小题3】which
【小题4】making
【小题5】were created
【解析】（1）pursued.考查过去分词。句意：拥有6000多年的历史，中国画，最初被富人追求，大约在公元前221年的东晋时期发展起来。分析句子可知，"originally （1） （ pursue） by wealthy people"作定语，修饰Chinese painting，pursue与Chinese painting是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填pursued。
（2）appreciation.考查不可数名词。句意：后来，在公元581年左右，随着越来越多的人开始欣赏它的美丽，它开始流行起来。分析句子可知，动词后接名词作宾语，appreciation"感激"是不可数名词，故填appreciation。
（3）which.考查定语从句。句意：中国的画笔主要由山羊、狼、狐毛制作，适合制作既柔软又细的画笔。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，指代整个主句，从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。
（4）making.考查现在分词。句意：油漆工润湿墨水石，然后在石头上研磨墨水棒，使墨水运行，以便它可以用于绘画。分析句子可知，句子的谓语动词是wets和grinds表示意料之中的结果，故make用非谓语动词形式作状语，make与主语The painter是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，表示理所应当的结果，故填making。
（5）were created.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：许多中国古代艺术品都是在丝绸上创作的。分析句子可知，creat是谓语动词，与主语artworks是被动关系，用被动语态，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语artworks是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填were created。
（6）so.考查状语从句。句意：然而，丝绸是非常昂贵的，只有非常重要的绘画才会使用它。根据句意以及下文的that可知，此处用so…that…引导状语从句，so是副词，修饰形容词expensive作状语，故填so。
（7）cheaper.考查形容词比较级。句意：到了第一世纪，当早期的纸张被发明时，画画已经便宜很多。根据句意以及空前的a lot修饰形容词比较级可知，此处用形容词cheap的比较级作表语，become是系动词，故填cheaper。
（8）for.考查介词。句意：中国画以其独特的风格、鲜明的特色和独特的技法而享誉世界。根据句意，表示原因用介词for"为了"，故填for。
（9）initially.考查副词。句意：当你看着一幅中国画时，你可能一开始并没有意识到它的复杂概念。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填initially。
（10）to be learned/to be learnt.考查不定式的被动式。句意：事实上，关于中国传统绘画及其元素，还有很多值得学习的地方。分析句子可知，remain是系动词，接不定式作表语，根据句意，主语much与谓语动词learn是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式，且learn的过去分词为learned或者learnt，故填to be learned/to be learnt。
本文是说明文。主要讲述了中国画的发展历史，以及中国享有的国际声誉，通过欣赏中国画，你将会更好地了解中国传统文化和中国人。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】Take Exercise and Keep HealthyNowadays，we high school students spend little time taking exercise because of huge learning tasks.As a result，many of us are suffering from poor physical or mental health.（当前中学生身体现状）
There is no doubt that taking exercise regularly not only helps build up our body，but also makes a difference to our mental health.In addition，exercise can help refresh our mind after a period of exhausting work so that we can focus more on our study.【高分句型一】（锻炼身体的重要性）
My fellow students think nothing is more important than having a good health.Only by keeping ourselves healthy and strong can we feel energetic and vigorous and achieve success in our study life. 【高分句型二】So let's take exercise regularly and make it a habit in our life.（你的呼吁）
【解析】高分句型一：In addition，exercise can help refresh our mind after a period of exhausting work so that we can focus more on our study.
译文：此外，锻炼可以帮助我们在一段时间的疲惫工作后恢复精神，这样我们就可以更加专注于学习。
分析：这句话使用了so that引导的结果状语从句。
高分句型二：Only by keeping ourselves healthy and strong can we feel energetic and vigorous and achieve success in our study life.
译文：只有保持自己的健康和强壮，我们才能感到精力充沛，在学习生活中取得成功。
分析：这句话使用了only+介词短语置于句首，后面接部分倒装。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】This morning，Naida suddenly walked away and headed back into town，ignoring Karina's hopeless cry and leaving her completely alone.The poor little girl cried with fear，tears blurring her eyes.She curled up in a tight ball，wondering what was waiting for her.【高分句型一】At the same time，Naida found its way back home.When Karina's mum saw it，she was excited，hugging it tightly with tears filling her eyes.She was more convinced that Karina was still alive.The rescue efforts were restarted，giving hope to the family.（描写Naida如何返回镇上并找到救援）
Naida did what it could to lead the rescue team to where Karina was.With the help of her sharp smelling，the rescuer spotted the little girl in an overgrown grassy field.Karina was lying there，hiding herself from danger and keeping herself warm.On seeing her beloved friend back，Karina cuddled it close，whispering in its ears. "I know you won't abandon me.Thanks for your always being with me!" How Naida protected Karina is indeed an amazing proof to the friendship that our four-legged friends can show.【高分句型二】（描写救援者如何在Naida的带领下找到Karina）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了四岁的Karina和自己的狗一起迷失在广阔而危险的西伯利亚荒野中，但是Karina和她的狗却奇迹般地活了下来。
高分句型一：She curled up in a tight ball，wondering what was waiting for her.
翻译：她蜷缩成一团，不知道等着她的是什么。
分析：本句运用了what引导的宾语从句和现在分词短语wondering what was waiting for her作状语。
高分句型二：How Naida protected Karina is indeed an amazing proof to the friendship that our four-legged friends can show.
翻译：Naida保护Karina的方式确实是我们四条腿的朋友可以展示的友谊的惊人证明。
分析：本句运用了how引导的主语从句和that引导的定语从句。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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