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四川省2023年普通高等学校高职教育单独招生文化考试（普高类）英语试题（含答案解析）
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这是一份四川省2023年普通高等学校高职教育单独招生文化考试（普高类）英语试题（含答案解析），共25页。试卷主要包含了单项填空，语言应用，阅读理解，翻译等内容，欢迎下载使用。
四川省2023年普通高等学校高职教育单独招生文化考试(普高类)
英语
第Ⅰ卷(共70分)
一、单项填空：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，
1. —Thank you very much for the wonderful night.
— ________.
A. Never mind B. My pleasure C. No wonder D. See you
2. Their house was broken ________ and some valuables were stolen.
A. down B. into C. out D. away
3. She tries to ________ the latest fashions by going to lots of shows in Shanghai.
A. keep up with B. keep in with C. keep out of D. keep away from
4. Joyce always keeps medicine on the top shelf, out of the kids’ ________.
A. touch B. mind C. reach D. control
5. The Olympic Games, _______in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
A first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing
6. The building which ________ will be the highest one in Chongqing.
A. is building B. has been built C. will build D. is being built
7. We all agree that Donald is a nice guy ________.
A. to work B. working C. to work with D. working with
8. Don’t hesitate to ask for help ________ it is needed.
A. unless B. since C. although D. when
9. Alice bought an ancient Chinese pot at a local market, ________ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. that price D. the price of that
10. ________ happened after she left the house is unknown.
A. How B. Where C. That D. What
二、语言应用：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C三个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。
Part A
11. What’s the purpose of the sign?
A. To direct. B. To warn. C. To frighten.
12. If you feel thirsty, you can go to ________.
A. the second floor B. the first floor C. the ground floor
13. What does the sign tell us?
A. No pets are allowed in this zone.
B. You can not walk in front of your pet dog.
C. It’s against the law not to clean your pet’s waste.
14. How much is it for a Nestle Toll House Sandwich and a Haagen Dazs?
A. $11. B. $10.25. C. $9.5.
15. Which of the following can be taken into the park?
A. Dogs. B. Fireworks. C. Glass bottles.
16. The notice tells you that ________.
A. you can enter the Playground to look after your kids
B. you’re welcome to the Playground unless you’re eighteen
C. you can play badminton with your friend on the Playground
17. Whom does the sign remind?
A. Children. B. Parents. C. Carts.
Part B
18. Where can you most probably see this?
A In a nature park. B. In a zoo. C. In a museum.
19. You’re advised ________.
A not to watch the birds
B. not to feed the birds
C. not to bite the birds
20. What do you know from the notice?
A. The birds might hurt you.
B. Feeding grapes can make the birds ill.
C You may feed the birds with small bread.
三、阅读理解：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。
A
It’s far from easy for people to run just one marathon. They usually need months of training to get into shape to last the 42.195-km distance. However, marathons are no problem for Australian runner Erchana Murray-Bartlett.
Murray-Bartlett ran 150 of them — every day for 150 days. The 32-year-old woman ran 6,329 kilometres from Queensland, at the top of Australia, to Melbourne, at the bottom. Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record, the most consecutive (连续不断的) daily marathons. She smashed the earlier record of 106 marathons in 106 days.
As a professional runner, Murray-Bartlett missed out on getting the chance to take part in the Tokyo Olympics, so she set her sights on a record-establishing challenge. More importantly, by running across the country, she hoped to make people pay more attention to the fact that many kinds of animals and plants were dying out in Australia. Finally, her run raised $70,000 for the protection organization, the Wilderness Society. She said it was terribly hard five months, but she knew she could do it. She said, “Even though sometimes I was covered in sweat and flies, and everything ached, I thought, ‘No, I can go one more kilometre’ or,’ No, I can go 500 more metres’. Lots of tiny goals mean you can do it.”
21. What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 1?
A. Murray-Bartlett is an Australian sportswoman.
B. It’s very important for people to keep in shape.
C. The marathon covers a distance of 42.195 kilometres.
D. It’s not difficult for Murray-Bartlett to run marathons.
22. What world record did Murray-Bartlett create?
A. She ran 150 daily marathons for 150 days.
B. She finished a marathon in the shortest time.
C. She was the youngest to complete a marathon.
D. She ran from the top to the bottom of Australia.
23. The underlined word “smashed” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. kept B. broke C. reached D. followed
24. Why did Murray-Bartlett ran her daily marathons?
A. She aimed to help protect the wildlife. B. She meant to raise money for herself.
C. She hoped to compete in the Olympics. D. She wanted to establish a social organization.
25. Murray-Bartlett succeeded in setting the world record mainly because ________.
A. she had a tiny goal B. she was professional
C. she never gave up D. she was kind-hearted
B
Breathing in air pollution could change our brain. A new study shows that car fumes (尾气) can change how our brain is wired — how parts of the brain are connected (连接) with each other. Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours. Professor Chris Carlsten, was surprised at what he found. He said, “For many years, scientists thought the brain might be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution.” He added, “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, supports a connection between air pollution and thinking.”
The traffic pollution study was on 25 adults. The researchers asked the adults to breathe in car fumes in a laboratory for two hours. The research team got images of their brains on a computer by X-rays. The images showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking and remembering changed. There were fewer connections between the networks. Another professor said the research was worrying. She said, “It’s worrying to see traffic pollution disrupting (干扰) these networks.” The researchers said there needed to be more research to see the way car fumes change our brain. They also advised people to close car windows when in traffic. The brains of the 25 people returned to normal after they breathed clean air.
26. Scientists used to think that ________.
A. car fumes were harmful to adults B. clean air helped people think clearly
C. air pollution might do no damage to the brain D. parts of the brain were connected with each other
27. What is the finding of the research from the University of British Columbia?
A. It’s important for people to reduce air pollution.
B It’s impossible for the brains to return to normal.
C. The brain can be protected from the effects of air pollution.
D. Car fumes reduce the connections between brain networks.
28. Further research may be done on ________.
A. how to make full use of X-rays B. how car fumes change people’s brain
C. the cause of air pollution in the world D. the relationship between cars and pollution
29. What did the researchers suggest?
A. We should try to keep the air clean. B. We should remember how our brain works.
C. We should close car windows when driving. D. We should examine the images of our brains.
30. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A magazine. B. A dictionary. C. A poster. D. A notice.
第Ⅱ卷(共30分)
四、翻译：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。请将下面的英语句子翻译成汉语。
31. Easier said than done. (英译汉)
32. Do you think you are qualified for this job? （英译汉）
33. It’s bad for health to be too anxious about everything. （英译汉）
34. This medicine sells well. I used it and it did help a lot. (英译汉)
35. Nowadays the transportation in Chengdu is very convenient. （英译汉）
36. The National Library of China is located in the west of Beijing. （英译汉）
37. Since “Yoga” can help people relax, many office ladies are fond of it. （英译汉）
38. The song, Yesterday Once More, brings back happy moments of my childhood. （英译汉）
39. Check everything before you put it in the dustbin, as many items are reusable these days. （英译汉）
40. During the Chinese New Year, people in some places will buy oranges, which symbolize good fortune. （英译汉）
答案解析
一、单项填空：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，
1. —Thank you very much for the wonderful night.
— ________.
A. Never mind B. My pleasure C. No wonder D. See you
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——非常感谢你让我度过了美好的夜晚。——不客气。A项意为“没关系”；B项意为“不客气，很乐意效劳”；C项意为“难怪”；D项意为“再见”。根据题干中的“Thank you very much”可知，对别人的感谢要回答说不客气。故选B。
2. Their house was broken ________ and some valuables were stolen.
A. down B. into C. out D. away
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的房子被人闯入，一些贵重物品被盗了。break down出故障，坏掉；break into强行闯入；break out爆发；break away脱离，逃脱。根据句中的“some valuables were stolen”可知，此处是说有盗贼强行闯入了他们的房子去偷窃。故选B。
3. She tries to ________ the latest fashions by going to lots of shows in Shanghai.
A. keep up with B. keep in with C. keep out of D. keep away from
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她为了赶上最新的时尚潮流，去了上海的许多时装秀。A. keep up with跟上，不落后；B. keep in with不断讨好；C. keep out of避开；D. keep away from远离。根据后文“the latest fashions by going to lots of shows in Shanghai”可知，指赶上最新的时尚潮流，故选A。
4. Joyce always keeps medicine on the top shelf, out of the kids’ ________.
A. touch B. mind C. reach D. control
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：乔伊斯总是把药放在架子最上面，孩子们够不着。A. out of touch失去联系；B. out of mind心不在焉；C. out of reach够不着；D. out of control失去控制。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语out of one's reach“某人够不着”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
5. The Olympic Games, _______in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：奥运会于公元前776年首次举行，直到1912年才有女子运动员参加。分析句子结构，此处是非谓语动词作定语，修饰The Olympic Games，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，The Olympic Games跟play之间是被动关系，而且是表示过去完成的动作，所以要用过去分词。故选A项。
6. The building which ________ will be the highest one in Chongqing.
A is building B. has been built C. will build D. is being built
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：正在建造的大楼将是重庆最高的大楼。分析句子可知，此处为which引导的限制性定语从句中谓语动词的填入，关系代词which指代先行词The building和从句谓语动词build为被动关系，结合句意可知，此处为表示“现在正在建造”为现在进行时，所以为现在进行时的被动语态结构。故选D项。
7. We all agree that Donald is a nice guy ________.
A. to work B. working C. to work with D. working with
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：我们都认为唐纳德是一个可以共事的好人。分析句子结构，that引导一个宾语从句，从句的谓语为is，所以空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰a nice guy。根据句意，这里表示“和……共事”，应用固定搭配work with，且work with和逻辑主语a nice guy之间是动宾关系，所以应用不定式作后置定语，而不用现在分词。故选C。
8. Don’t hesitate to ask for help ________ it is needed.
A. unless B. since C. although D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在需要帮助的时候，尽管来寻求帮助。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个状语从句。A. unless除非，引导条件状语从句；B. since自从，因为，引导时间和原因状语从句；C. although尽管，引导让步状语从句；D. when当……时，引导时间状语从句。根据空前的“Don’t hesitate to ask for help”和空后的“it is needed”可知，这里表示当需要帮助的时候，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选D。
9. Alice bought an ancient Chinese pot at a local market, ________ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. that price D. the price of that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：爱丽丝在当地市场买了一个中国古代花瓶，它的价格很合理。空处所在的句子为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ancient Chinese vase，从句缺主语，结合句意主语为花瓶的价格，表示“花瓶的价格”应是the price of the vase 或者the vase’s price，作介词的宾语，指物应用关系代词which；或者使用表示所属关系的关系代词whose作定语，修饰the vase，即the price of which 或者whose price。故选B项。
10. ________ happened after she left the house is unknown.
A. How B. Where C. That D. What
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连接代词。句意：她离开房子后发生了什么事不得而知。根据句意分析句子可知，________ happened after she left the house是一个主语从句，该主语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个连接代词引导主语从句，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连词代词what。故选D项。
二、语言应用：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C三个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。
Part A
11. What’s the purpose of the sign?
A. To direct. B. To warn. C. To frighten.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意：这个标志的目的是什么？根据图片中的信息“watch for rocks in roadway”（注意道路上的岩石）可知，这个标志的目的是警告人们注意危险。故选B项。
12. If you feel thirsty, you can go to ________.
A. the second floor B. the first floor C. the ground floor
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意：如果你渴了，你可以去一楼。图片为商场指示牌，根据英式英语ground floor(一楼)下面的food&drink(饮食)可知，如果你口渴了，可以去一楼买到饮品，故选C。
13. What does the sign tell us?
A. No pets are allowed in this zone.
B. You can not walk in front of your pet dog.
C. It’s against the law not to clean your pet’s waste.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：你的社区提醒你，“清理宠物的粪便不仅仅是一种礼貌。这是法律”。A. No pets are allowed in this zone.宠物不得入内；B. You can not walk in front of your pet dog.你不能走在你的宠物狗前面；C. It’s against the law not to clean your pet’s waste.不清理宠物的粪便是违法的。根据指示标志的内容可知，不清理宠物的粪便是违法的。故选C项。
14. How much is it for a Nestle Toll House Sandwich and a Haagen Dazs?
A. $11. B. $10.25. C. $9.5.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意：一份Nestle Toll House Sandwich和一个Haagen Dazs多少钱？根据图片中的Nestle Toll House Sandwich的价格$4.75以及Haagen Dazs的价格$4.75可知，这两者在一起的价格应为$9.5。故选C项。
15. Which of the following can be taken into the park?
A. Dogs. B. Fireworks. C. Glass bottles.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意：下面哪个不能被带进公园？A. Dogs狗；B. Fireworks烟火；C. Glass bottles玻璃瓶。图片是有关公园的一些规定，第一行“No Glass Containers(不能带玻璃容器)”可知，C项“玻璃瓶”不能带入；最后一行“No Fireworks(不能带烟火)”可知，B项“烟火”不能带入；根据图中“Pets Must Be on Leash(宠物必须用皮带拴着)”可知，狗可以被带进公园，故选A。
16. The notice tells you that ________.
A. you can enter the Playground to look after your kids
B. you’re welcome to the Playground unless you’re eighteen
C. you can play badminton with your friend on the Playground
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：这个通知告诉你可以进入游乐场照顾你的孩子。A. you can enter the Playground to look after your kids你可以进入游乐场照顾你的孩子；B. you’re welcome to the Playground unless you’re eighteen欢迎你来游乐场，除非你是18岁；C. you can play badminton with your friend on the Playground你可以和你的朋友在操场上打羽毛球。根据通知中的“Adults not allowed unless supervising children.(成人不得入内，监护儿童除外)”可知，成年人可以进场照顾孩子；根据通知中“Only to be used by children up to 14 years old.(仅限14岁以下儿童使用)”可知，游乐场仅限14岁以下儿童进入，故B项表达错误；根据通知中“NO BALL GAMES ALLOWED(禁止球类游戏)”可知，游乐场内禁止球类游戏，故C项表达错误。故选A。
17. Whom does the sign remind?
A. Children. B. Parents. C. Carts.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查推理判断。句意：这个标志提醒谁？根据图片中的信息“Don’t put your children in the carts or on the table.”（不要把你的孩子放在手推车里或桌子上。）可知，这个标志提醒的是孩子的父母们。故选B项。
Part B
18. Where can you most probably see this?
A. In a nature park. B. In a zoo. C. In a museum.
19. You’re advised ________.
A. not to watch the birds
B. not to feed the birds
C. not to bite the birds
20. What do you know from the notice?
A. The birds might hurt you.
B. Feeding grapes can make the birds ill.
C. You may feed the birds with small bread.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，是一则通知。主要介绍了喂鸟的一些注意事项以及自身的安全提示。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据图片中的“Wildlife is best left to find its own food.”（最好让野生动物自己寻找食物。）和“Excessive feeding and wrong foods can be harmful to birds and may attract other vermin.”（过度喂食和错误的食物会对鸟类有害，并可能吸引其他害虫。）可知，这则通知主要讲的是关于鸟类喂养的事情，故可推知你最可能在自然公园看到这个标志。故选A项。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片中的“Wildlife is best left to find its own food.”（最好让野生动物自己寻找食物。）和“Excessive feeding and wrong foods can be harmful to birds and may attract other vermin.”（过度喂食和错误的食物会对鸟类有害，并可能吸引其他害虫。）可知，建议你不要喂鸟。故选B项。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片中的“Please be aware that birds are wild animals and could bite.”（请注意，鸟类是野生动物，会咬人。） 可知，从通知上我们可以知道鸟可能会伤害到你。故选A项。
三、阅读理解：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。
A
It’s far from easy for people to run just one marathon. They usually need months of training to get into shape to last the 42.195-km distance. However, marathons are no problem for Australian runner Erchana Murray-Bartlett.
Murray-Bartlett ran 150 of them — every day for 150 days. The 32-year-old woman ran 6,329 kilometres from Queensland, at the top of Australia, to Melbourne, at the bottom. Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record, the most consecutive (连续不断的) daily marathons. She smashed the earlier record of 106 marathons in 106 days.
As a professional runner, Murray-Bartlett missed out on getting the chance to take part in the Tokyo Olympics, so she set her sights on a record-establishing challenge. More importantly, by running across the country, she hoped to make people pay more attention to the fact that many kinds of animals and plants were dying out in Australia. Finally, her run raised $70,000 for the protection organization, the Wilderness Society. She said it was terribly hard five months, but she knew she could do it. She said, “Even though sometimes I was covered in sweat and flies, and everything ached, I thought, ‘No, I can go one more kilometre’ or,’ No, I can go 500 more metres’. Lots of tiny goals mean you can do it.”
21. What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 1?
A Murray-Bartlett is an Australian sportswoman.
B It’s very important for people to keep in shape.
C. The marathon covers a distance of 42.195 kilometres.
D. It’s not difficult for Murray-Bartlett to run marathons.
22. What world record did Murray-Bartlett create?
A. She ran 150 daily marathons for 150 days.
B. She finished a marathon in the shortest time.
C. She was the youngest to complete a marathon.
D. She ran from the top to the bottom of Australia.
23. The underlined word “smashed” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. kept B. broke C. reached D. followed
24. Why did Murray-Bartlett ran her daily marathons?
A. She aimed to help protect the wildlife. B. She meant to raise money for herself.
C. She hoped to compete in the Olympics. D. She wanted to establish a social organization.
25. Murray-Bartlett succeeded in setting the world record mainly because ________.
A. she had a tiny goal B. she was professional
C. she never gave up D. she was kind-hearted
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了澳大利亚跑步运动员穆雷-巴特利特打破了每天连续跑马拉松的次数最多，即150天跑了150次马拉松的故事，以及穆雷-巴特利特通过跑遍全国，她希望让人们更多地关注这样一个事实，即许多种类的动物和植物正在澳大利亚灭绝。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“It’s far from easy for people to run just one marathon. They usually need months of training to get into shape to last the 42.195-km distance. However, marathons are no problem for Australian runner Erchana Murray-Bartlett.”（对人们来说，只跑一场马拉松是很不容易的。他们通常需要几个月的训练才能达到42.195公里的距离。然而，马拉松对澳大利亚跑步运动员Erchana Murray-Bartlett来说不是问题。）可知，作者在第一段主要告诉我们穆雷-巴特利特跑马拉松并不难。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Murray-Bartlett ran 150 of them — every day for 150 days. The 32-year-old woman ran 6,329 kilometres from Queensland, at the top of Australia, to Melbourne, at the bottom. Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record, the most consecutive (连续不断的) daily marathons.”（穆雷-巴特利特跑了150场马拉松，持续了150天。这名32岁的女子从澳大利亚最顶端的昆士兰跑到最底部的墨尔本，全程6329公里。她为期五个月的从东海岸到西海岸的跑步创造了一项新的世界纪录——每天连续跑马拉松的次数最多。）可知，穆雷-巴特利特创造的世界纪录是连续150天跑了150次马拉松。故选A项。
【23题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record”（她为期五个月的从东海岸到西海岸的跑步创造了新的世界纪录）以及划线单词句中的“the earlier record of 106 marathons in 106 days.”（此前106天跑106场马拉松的纪录）故可猜测，划线单词smashed为“打破”的意思，结合选项B项broke“打破”意思一致。故选B项。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“More importantly, by running across the country, she hoped to make people pay more attention to the fact that many kinds of animals and plants were dying out in Australia. Finally, her run raised $70,000 for the protection organization, the Wilderness Society.”（更重要的是，通过跑遍全国，她希望让人们更多地关注这样一个事实，即许多种类的动物和植物正在澳大利亚灭绝。最后，她的跑步为保护组织“荒野协会”筹集了7万美元。）可知，穆雷-巴特利特每天都跑马拉松是因为她的目标是帮助保护野生动物。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“She said, “Even though sometimes I was covered in sweat and flies, and everything ached, I thought, ‘No, I can go one more kilometre’ or,’ No, I can go 500 more metres’. Lots of tiny goals mean you can do it.””（她说：“尽管有时我浑身是汗，浑身是苍蝇，浑身酸痛，但我想，‘不，我还能再跑一公里’，或者‘不，我还能再跑500米’。”很多小目标意味着你可以做到。”）可知，穆雷-巴特利特之所以能创造世界纪录，主要是因为她从不放弃。故选C项。
B
Breathing in air pollution could change our brain. A new study shows that car fumes (尾气) can change how our brain is wired — how parts of the brain are connected (连接) with each other. Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours. Professor Chris Carlsten was surprised at what he found. He said, “For many years, scientists thought the brain might be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution.” He added, “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, supports a connection between air pollution and thinking.”
The traffic pollution study was on 25 adults. The researchers asked the adults to breathe in car fumes in a laboratory for two hours. The research team got images of their brains on a computer by X-rays. The images showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking and remembering changed. There were fewer connections between the networks. Another professor said the research was worrying. She said, “It’s worrying to see traffic pollution disrupting (干扰) these networks.” The researchers said there needed to be more research to see the way car fumes change our brain. They also advised people to close car windows when in traffic. The brains of the 25 people returned to normal after they breathed clean air.
26. Scientists used to think that ________.
A. car fumes were harmful to adults B. clean air helped people think clearly
C. air pollution might do no damage to the brain D. parts of the brain were connected with each other
27. What is the finding of the research from the University of British Columbia?
A. It’s important for people to reduce air pollution.
B. It’s impossible for the brains to return to normal.
C. The brain can be protected from the effects of air pollution.
D Car fumes reduce the connections between brain networks.
28. Further research may be done on ________.
A. how to make full use of X-rays B. how car fumes change people’s brain
C. the cause of air pollution in the world D. the relationship between cars and pollution
29. What did the researchers suggest?
A. We should try to keep the air clean. B. We should remember how our brain works.
C. We should close car windows when driving. D. We should examine the images of our brains.
30. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A magazine. B. A dictionary. C. A poster. D. A notice.
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了吸入污染的空气会改变我们的大脑。文章还解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Professor Chris Carlsten, was surprised at what he found. He said, “For many years, scientists thought the brain might be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution.”(Chris Carlsten教授对他的发现感到惊讶。他说：“多年来，科学家们认为大脑可以免受空气污染的有害影响。”)”可知，科学家过去认为空气污染可能不会对大脑造成损害。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours.(加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员发现，汽车尾气可以在短短两小时内改变我们大脑的连通性)”以及第二段“ The researchers asked the adults to breathe in car fumes in a laboratory for two hours. The research team got images of their brains on a computer by X-rays. The images showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking and remembering changed. There were fewer connections between the networks. (研究人员让这些成年人在实验室里吸入汽车尾气两个小时。研究小组通过X射线在电脑上获得了他们的大脑图像。这些图像显示，我们大脑中用于思考和记忆的网络发生了变化。这些网络之间的连接更少)”可知，英属哥伦比亚大学的研究发现了汽车废气减少大脑网络之间的连接。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers said there needed to be more research to see the way car fumes change our brain.(研究人员表示，还需要更多的研究来了解汽车尾气如何改变我们的大脑)”可知，关于汽车废气如何改变人的大脑，可能会有进一步的研究。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“They also advised people to close car windows when in traffic.(他们还建议人们在交通堵塞时关上车窗)”可知，研究人员建议开车时我们应该关上车窗。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Breathing in air pollution could change our brain. A new study shows that car fumes (尾气) can change how our brain is wired — how parts of the brain are connected (连接) with each other. Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours.(吸入污染的空气会改变我们的大脑。一项新的研究表明，汽车废气可以改变我们大脑的连接的方式——大脑各部分之间的连接方式。加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员发现，汽车尾气可以在短短两小时内改变我们大脑的连通性)”并结合文章还解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。可推知，文章选自科学杂志。故选A。
四、翻译：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。请将下面的英语句子翻译成汉语。
31. Easier said than done. (英译汉)
【答案】说时容易做时难。
【解析】
【详解】考查谚语。本句是一句谚语，可当作固定句型进行积累。“Easier said than done.”是省略句，其完整句为：“It’s easier said than done.”Easier…than…意为“比……更容易的”；said意为“说”；done意为“做”。本句可译为：说时容易做时难。
32. Do you think you are qualified for this job? （英译汉）
【答案】你认为你能胜任这份工作吗？
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句为 Do you think+宾语从句的句型。在宾语从句中，主语为you“你”，谓语动词为are qualified for“胜任”，宾语为this job“这份工作”。故本句可译为：你认为你能胜任这份工作吗？
33. It’s bad for health to be too anxious about everything. （英译汉）
【答案】对每件事都过于焦虑对健康有害。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是It’s+形容词+for sb+ to do sth的固定句型，在该句型中，bad为形容词表示“有害的”；health为名词表示“健康”；to be too anxious about everything表示“对每件事都过于焦虑”，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式to do sth为真正的宾语。故本句可译为：对每件事都过于焦虑对健康有害。
34. This medicine sells well. I used it and it did help a lot. (英译汉)
【答案】这种药很畅销。我用过它，它确实帮了我很多忙。
【解析】
【详解】考查语态、强调句和固定短语。分析句子结构可知，第一句和第二句均为简单句。前一句中使用了主动语态表示被动，sells well可译为“很畅销”；第二句中用did强调动词help，可表示为“确实”；a lot可译为“很多”，用作副词修饰动词help。故本句可译为：这种药很畅销。我用过它，它确实帮了我很多忙。
35. Nowadays the transportation in Chengdu is very convenient. （英译汉）
【答案】如今成都的交通非常便利。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。Nowadays表示“如今”；the transportation in Chengdu表示“成都的交通”；very convenient意为“非常方便”。故翻译为：如今成都的交通非常便利。
36. The National Library of China is located in the west of Beijing. （英译汉）
【答案】中国国家图书馆位于北京的西部。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是简单的主谓状结构。主语是The National Library of China“中国国家图书馆”，is located“位于”是谓语动词，in the west of Beijing“北京的西部”是介词短语作句子的状语成分。故翻译为：中国国家图书馆位于北京的西部。
37. Since “Yoga” can help people relax, many office ladies are fond of it. （英译汉）
【答案】由于“瑜伽”可以帮助人们放松，许多办公室女士都喜欢它。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，本句为连词since引导的原因状语从句，在从句中，主语“Yoga”表示“瑜伽”，谓语部分为can help people relax表示“可以帮助人们放松”；在主句中，主语many office ladies表示“许多办公室女士”，谓语部分为are fond of it表示“都喜欢它”。故本句可译为：由于“瑜伽”可以帮助人们放松，许多办公室女士都喜欢它。
38. The song, Yesterday Once More, brings back happy moments of my childhood. （英译汉）
【答案】《昨日重现》这首歌使我回想起童年的快乐时光。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句为简单的主谓宾结构。主语是The song, Yesterday Once More“《昨日重现》这首歌”，谓语是brings back“使……回忆起来”，宾语是back happy moments of my childhood“童年的快乐时光”。故本句可译为：《昨日重现》这首歌使我回想起童年的快乐时光。
39. Check everything before you put it in the dustbin, as many items are reusable these days. （英译汉）
【答案】把东西扔进垃圾桶之前先检查一下，因为现在很多东西都是可以重复使用的。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。此处Check everything表示“检查”；before you put it in the dustbin为before引导的时间状语从句，表示“在你把东西扔进垃圾桶之前”；as引导原因状语从句，many items表示“很多东西”；reusable表示“重复使用的”；these days表示“现在”。故翻译为：把东西扔进垃圾桶之前先检查一下，因为现在很多东西都是可以重复使用的。
40. During the Chinese New Year, people in some places will buy oranges, which symbolize good fortune. （英译汉）
【答案】在中国新年期间，一些地方的人们会买橙子，这象征着好运。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。短语During the Chinese New Year表示“在中国新年期间”；people in some places表示“一些地方的人们”；buy oranges表示“购买橙子”；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词oranges；symbolize good fortune表示“象征着好运”。故翻译为：在中国新年期间，一些地方的人们会买橙子，这象征着好运。
四川省2023年普通高等学校高职教育单独招生文化考试(普高类)
英语
第Ⅰ卷(共70分)
一、单项填空：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，
1. —Thank you very much for the wonderful night.
— ________.
A. Never mind B. My pleasure C. No wonder D. See you
2. Their house was broken ________ and some valuables were stolen.
A. down B. into C. out D. away
3. She tries to ________ the latest fashions by going to lots of shows in Shanghai.
A. keep up with B. keep in with C. keep out of D. keep away from
4. Joyce always keeps medicine on the top shelf, out of the kids’ ________.
A. touch B. mind C. reach D. control
5. The Olympic Games, _______in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
A first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing
6. The building which ________ will be the highest one in Chongqing.
A. is building B. has been built C. will build D. is being built
7. We all agree that Donald is a nice guy ________.
A. to work B. working C. to work with D. working with
8. Don’t hesitate to ask for help ________ it is needed.
A. unless B. since C. although D. when
9. Alice bought an ancient Chinese pot at a local market, ________ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. that price D. the price of that
10. ________ happened after she left the house is unknown.
A. How B. Where C. That D. What
二、语言应用：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C三个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。
Part A
11. What’s the purpose of the sign?
A. To direct. B. To warn. C. To frighten.
12. If you feel thirsty, you can go to ________.
A. the second floor B. the first floor C. the ground floor
13. What does the sign tell us?
A. No pets are allowed in this zone.
B. You can not walk in front of your pet dog.
C. It’s against the law not to clean your pet’s waste.
14. How much is it for a Nestle Toll House Sandwich and a Haagen Dazs?
A. $11. B. $10.25. C. $9.5.
15. Which of the following can be taken into the park?
A. Dogs. B. Fireworks. C. Glass bottles.
16. The notice tells you that ________.
A. you can enter the Playground to look after your kids
B. you’re welcome to the Playground unless you’re eighteen
C. you can play badminton with your friend on the Playground
17. Whom does the sign remind?
A. Children. B. Parents. C. Carts.
Part B
18. Where can you most probably see this?
A In a nature park. B. In a zoo. C. In a museum.
19. You’re advised ________.
A not to watch the birds
B. not to feed the birds
C. not to bite the birds
20. What do you know from the notice?
A. The birds might hurt you.
B. Feeding grapes can make the birds ill.
C You may feed the birds with small bread.
三、阅读理解：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。
A
It’s far from easy for people to run just one marathon. They usually need months of training to get into shape to last the 42.195-km distance. However, marathons are no problem for Australian runner Erchana Murray-Bartlett.
Murray-Bartlett ran 150 of them — every day for 150 days. The 32-year-old woman ran 6,329 kilometres from Queensland, at the top of Australia, to Melbourne, at the bottom. Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record, the most consecutive (连续不断的) daily marathons. She smashed the earlier record of 106 marathons in 106 days.
As a professional runner, Murray-Bartlett missed out on getting the chance to take part in the Tokyo Olympics, so she set her sights on a record-establishing challenge. More importantly, by running across the country, she hoped to make people pay more attention to the fact that many kinds of animals and plants were dying out in Australia. Finally, her run raised $70,000 for the protection organization, the Wilderness Society. She said it was terribly hard five months, but she knew she could do it. She said, “Even though sometimes I was covered in sweat and flies, and everything ached, I thought, ‘No, I can go one more kilometre’ or,’ No, I can go 500 more metres’. Lots of tiny goals mean you can do it.”
21. What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 1?
A. Murray-Bartlett is an Australian sportswoman.
B. It’s very important for people to keep in shape.
C. The marathon covers a distance of 42.195 kilometres.
D. It’s not difficult for Murray-Bartlett to run marathons.
22. What world record did Murray-Bartlett create?
A. She ran 150 daily marathons for 150 days.
B. She finished a marathon in the shortest time.
C. She was the youngest to complete a marathon.
D. She ran from the top to the bottom of Australia.
23. The underlined word “smashed” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. kept B. broke C. reached D. followed
24. Why did Murray-Bartlett ran her daily marathons?
A. She aimed to help protect the wildlife. B. She meant to raise money for herself.
C. She hoped to compete in the Olympics. D. She wanted to establish a social organization.
25. Murray-Bartlett succeeded in setting the world record mainly because ________.
A. she had a tiny goal B. she was professional
C. she never gave up D. she was kind-hearted
B
Breathing in air pollution could change our brain. A new study shows that car fumes (尾气) can change how our brain is wired — how parts of the brain are connected (连接) with each other. Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours. Professor Chris Carlsten, was surprised at what he found. He said, “For many years, scientists thought the brain might be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution.” He added, “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, supports a connection between air pollution and thinking.”
The traffic pollution study was on 25 adults. The researchers asked the adults to breathe in car fumes in a laboratory for two hours. The research team got images of their brains on a computer by X-rays. The images showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking and remembering changed. There were fewer connections between the networks. Another professor said the research was worrying. She said, “It’s worrying to see traffic pollution disrupting (干扰) these networks.” The researchers said there needed to be more research to see the way car fumes change our brain. They also advised people to close car windows when in traffic. The brains of the 25 people returned to normal after they breathed clean air.
26. Scientists used to think that ________.
A. car fumes were harmful to adults B. clean air helped people think clearly
C. air pollution might do no damage to the brain D. parts of the brain were connected with each other
27. What is the finding of the research from the University of British Columbia?
A. It’s important for people to reduce air pollution.
B It’s impossible for the brains to return to normal.
C. The brain can be protected from the effects of air pollution.
D. Car fumes reduce the connections between brain networks.
28. Further research may be done on ________.
A. how to make full use of X-rays B. how car fumes change people’s brain
C. the cause of air pollution in the world D. the relationship between cars and pollution
29. What did the researchers suggest?
A. We should try to keep the air clean. B. We should remember how our brain works.
C. We should close car windows when driving. D. We should examine the images of our brains.
30. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A magazine. B. A dictionary. C. A poster. D. A notice.
第Ⅱ卷(共30分)
四、翻译：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。请将下面的英语句子翻译成汉语。
31. Easier said than done. (英译汉)
32. Do you think you are qualified for this job? （英译汉）
33. It’s bad for health to be too anxious about everything. （英译汉）
34. This medicine sells well. I used it and it did help a lot. (英译汉)
35. Nowadays the transportation in Chengdu is very convenient. （英译汉）
36. The National Library of China is located in the west of Beijing. （英译汉）
37. Since “Yoga” can help people relax, many office ladies are fond of it. （英译汉）
38. The song, Yesterday Once More, brings back happy moments of my childhood. （英译汉）
39. Check everything before you put it in the dustbin, as many items are reusable these days. （英译汉）
40. During the Chinese New Year, people in some places will buy oranges, which symbolize good fortune. （英译汉）
答案解析
一、单项填空：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，
1. —Thank you very much for the wonderful night.
— ________.
A. Never mind B. My pleasure C. No wonder D. See you
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——非常感谢你让我度过了美好的夜晚。——不客气。A项意为“没关系”；B项意为“不客气，很乐意效劳”；C项意为“难怪”；D项意为“再见”。根据题干中的“Thank you very much”可知，对别人的感谢要回答说不客气。故选B。
2. Their house was broken ________ and some valuables were stolen.
A. down B. into C. out D. away
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的房子被人闯入，一些贵重物品被盗了。break down出故障，坏掉；break into强行闯入；break out爆发；break away脱离，逃脱。根据句中的“some valuables were stolen”可知，此处是说有盗贼强行闯入了他们的房子去偷窃。故选B。
3. She tries to ________ the latest fashions by going to lots of shows in Shanghai.
A. keep up with B. keep in with C. keep out of D. keep away from
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她为了赶上最新的时尚潮流，去了上海的许多时装秀。A. keep up with跟上，不落后；B. keep in with不断讨好；C. keep out of避开；D. keep away from远离。根据后文“the latest fashions by going to lots of shows in Shanghai”可知，指赶上最新的时尚潮流，故选A。
4. Joyce always keeps medicine on the top shelf, out of the kids’ ________.
A. touch B. mind C. reach D. control
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：乔伊斯总是把药放在架子最上面，孩子们够不着。A. out of touch失去联系；B. out of mind心不在焉；C. out of reach够不着；D. out of control失去控制。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语out of one's reach“某人够不着”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
5. The Olympic Games, _______in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：奥运会于公元前776年首次举行，直到1912年才有女子运动员参加。分析句子结构，此处是非谓语动词作定语，修饰The Olympic Games，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，The Olympic Games跟play之间是被动关系，而且是表示过去完成的动作，所以要用过去分词。故选A项。
6. The building which ________ will be the highest one in Chongqing.
A is building B. has been built C. will build D. is being built
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：正在建造的大楼将是重庆最高的大楼。分析句子可知，此处为which引导的限制性定语从句中谓语动词的填入，关系代词which指代先行词The building和从句谓语动词build为被动关系，结合句意可知，此处为表示“现在正在建造”为现在进行时，所以为现在进行时的被动语态结构。故选D项。
7. We all agree that Donald is a nice guy ________.
A. to work B. working C. to work with D. working with
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：我们都认为唐纳德是一个可以共事的好人。分析句子结构，that引导一个宾语从句，从句的谓语为is，所以空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰a nice guy。根据句意，这里表示“和……共事”，应用固定搭配work with，且work with和逻辑主语a nice guy之间是动宾关系，所以应用不定式作后置定语，而不用现在分词。故选C。
8. Don’t hesitate to ask for help ________ it is needed.
A. unless B. since C. although D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在需要帮助的时候，尽管来寻求帮助。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个状语从句。A. unless除非，引导条件状语从句；B. since自从，因为，引导时间和原因状语从句；C. although尽管，引导让步状语从句；D. when当……时，引导时间状语从句。根据空前的“Don’t hesitate to ask for help”和空后的“it is needed”可知，这里表示当需要帮助的时候，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选D。
9. Alice bought an ancient Chinese pot at a local market, ________ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. that price D. the price of that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：爱丽丝在当地市场买了一个中国古代花瓶，它的价格很合理。空处所在的句子为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an ancient Chinese vase，从句缺主语，结合句意主语为花瓶的价格，表示“花瓶的价格”应是the price of the vase 或者the vase’s price，作介词的宾语，指物应用关系代词which；或者使用表示所属关系的关系代词whose作定语，修饰the vase，即the price of which 或者whose price。故选B项。
10. ________ happened after she left the house is unknown.
A. How B. Where C. That D. What
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查连接代词。句意：她离开房子后发生了什么事不得而知。根据句意分析句子可知，________ happened after she left the house是一个主语从句，该主语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个连接代词引导主语从句，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连词代词what。故选D项。
二、语言应用：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C三个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。
Part A
11. What’s the purpose of the sign?
A. To direct. B. To warn. C. To frighten.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意：这个标志的目的是什么？根据图片中的信息“watch for rocks in roadway”（注意道路上的岩石）可知，这个标志的目的是警告人们注意危险。故选B项。
12. If you feel thirsty, you can go to ________.
A. the second floor B. the first floor C. the ground floor
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意：如果你渴了，你可以去一楼。图片为商场指示牌，根据英式英语ground floor(一楼)下面的food&drink(饮食)可知，如果你口渴了，可以去一楼买到饮品，故选C。
13. What does the sign tell us?
A. No pets are allowed in this zone.
B. You can not walk in front of your pet dog.
C. It’s against the law not to clean your pet’s waste.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：你的社区提醒你，“清理宠物的粪便不仅仅是一种礼貌。这是法律”。A. No pets are allowed in this zone.宠物不得入内；B. You can not walk in front of your pet dog.你不能走在你的宠物狗前面；C. It’s against the law not to clean your pet’s waste.不清理宠物的粪便是违法的。根据指示标志的内容可知，不清理宠物的粪便是违法的。故选C项。
14. How much is it for a Nestle Toll House Sandwich and a Haagen Dazs?
A. $11. B. $10.25. C. $9.5.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意：一份Nestle Toll House Sandwich和一个Haagen Dazs多少钱？根据图片中的Nestle Toll House Sandwich的价格$4.75以及Haagen Dazs的价格$4.75可知，这两者在一起的价格应为$9.5。故选C项。
15. Which of the following can be taken into the park?
A. Dogs. B. Fireworks. C. Glass bottles.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查细节理解。句意：下面哪个不能被带进公园？A. Dogs狗；B. Fireworks烟火；C. Glass bottles玻璃瓶。图片是有关公园的一些规定，第一行“No Glass Containers(不能带玻璃容器)”可知，C项“玻璃瓶”不能带入；最后一行“No Fireworks(不能带烟火)”可知，B项“烟火”不能带入；根据图中“Pets Must Be on Leash(宠物必须用皮带拴着)”可知，狗可以被带进公园，故选A。
16. The notice tells you that ________.
A. you can enter the Playground to look after your kids
B. you’re welcome to the Playground unless you’re eighteen
C. you can play badminton with your friend on the Playground
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：这个通知告诉你可以进入游乐场照顾你的孩子。A. you can enter the Playground to look after your kids你可以进入游乐场照顾你的孩子；B. you’re welcome to the Playground unless you’re eighteen欢迎你来游乐场，除非你是18岁；C. you can play badminton with your friend on the Playground你可以和你的朋友在操场上打羽毛球。根据通知中的“Adults not allowed unless supervising children.(成人不得入内，监护儿童除外)”可知，成年人可以进场照顾孩子；根据通知中“Only to be used by children up to 14 years old.(仅限14岁以下儿童使用)”可知，游乐场仅限14岁以下儿童进入，故B项表达错误；根据通知中“NO BALL GAMES ALLOWED(禁止球类游戏)”可知，游乐场内禁止球类游戏，故C项表达错误。故选A。
17. Whom does the sign remind?
A. Children. B. Parents. C. Carts.
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查推理判断。句意：这个标志提醒谁？根据图片中的信息“Don’t put your children in the carts or on the table.”（不要把你的孩子放在手推车里或桌子上。）可知，这个标志提醒的是孩子的父母们。故选B项。
Part B
18. Where can you most probably see this?
A. In a nature park. B. In a zoo. C. In a museum.
19. You’re advised ________.
A. not to watch the birds
B. not to feed the birds
C. not to bite the birds
20. What do you know from the notice?
A. The birds might hurt you.
B. Feeding grapes can make the birds ill.
C. You may feed the birds with small bread.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文，是一则通知。主要介绍了喂鸟的一些注意事项以及自身的安全提示。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据图片中的“Wildlife is best left to find its own food.”（最好让野生动物自己寻找食物。）和“Excessive feeding and wrong foods can be harmful to birds and may attract other vermin.”（过度喂食和错误的食物会对鸟类有害，并可能吸引其他害虫。）可知，这则通知主要讲的是关于鸟类喂养的事情，故可推知你最可能在自然公园看到这个标志。故选A项。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片中的“Wildlife is best left to find its own food.”（最好让野生动物自己寻找食物。）和“Excessive feeding and wrong foods can be harmful to birds and may attract other vermin.”（过度喂食和错误的食物会对鸟类有害，并可能吸引其他害虫。）可知，建议你不要喂鸟。故选B项。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片中的“Please be aware that birds are wild animals and could bite.”（请注意，鸟类是野生动物，会咬人。） 可知，从通知上我们可以知道鸟可能会伤害到你。故选A项。
三、阅读理解：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。
A
It’s far from easy for people to run just one marathon. They usually need months of training to get into shape to last the 42.195-km distance. However, marathons are no problem for Australian runner Erchana Murray-Bartlett.
Murray-Bartlett ran 150 of them — every day for 150 days. The 32-year-old woman ran 6,329 kilometres from Queensland, at the top of Australia, to Melbourne, at the bottom. Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record, the most consecutive (连续不断的) daily marathons. She smashed the earlier record of 106 marathons in 106 days.
As a professional runner, Murray-Bartlett missed out on getting the chance to take part in the Tokyo Olympics, so she set her sights on a record-establishing challenge. More importantly, by running across the country, she hoped to make people pay more attention to the fact that many kinds of animals and plants were dying out in Australia. Finally, her run raised $70,000 for the protection organization, the Wilderness Society. She said it was terribly hard five months, but she knew she could do it. She said, “Even though sometimes I was covered in sweat and flies, and everything ached, I thought, ‘No, I can go one more kilometre’ or,’ No, I can go 500 more metres’. Lots of tiny goals mean you can do it.”
21. What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 1?
A Murray-Bartlett is an Australian sportswoman.
B It’s very important for people to keep in shape.
C. The marathon covers a distance of 42.195 kilometres.
D. It’s not difficult for Murray-Bartlett to run marathons.
22. What world record did Murray-Bartlett create?
A. She ran 150 daily marathons for 150 days.
B. She finished a marathon in the shortest time.
C. She was the youngest to complete a marathon.
D. She ran from the top to the bottom of Australia.
23. The underlined word “smashed” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. kept B. broke C. reached D. followed
24. Why did Murray-Bartlett ran her daily marathons?
A. She aimed to help protect the wildlife. B. She meant to raise money for herself.
C. She hoped to compete in the Olympics. D. She wanted to establish a social organization.
25. Murray-Bartlett succeeded in setting the world record mainly because ________.
A. she had a tiny goal B. she was professional
C. she never gave up D. she was kind-hearted
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了澳大利亚跑步运动员穆雷-巴特利特打破了每天连续跑马拉松的次数最多，即150天跑了150次马拉松的故事，以及穆雷-巴特利特通过跑遍全国，她希望让人们更多地关注这样一个事实，即许多种类的动物和植物正在澳大利亚灭绝。
【21题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“It’s far from easy for people to run just one marathon. They usually need months of training to get into shape to last the 42.195-km distance. However, marathons are no problem for Australian runner Erchana Murray-Bartlett.”（对人们来说，只跑一场马拉松是很不容易的。他们通常需要几个月的训练才能达到42.195公里的距离。然而，马拉松对澳大利亚跑步运动员Erchana Murray-Bartlett来说不是问题。）可知，作者在第一段主要告诉我们穆雷-巴特利特跑马拉松并不难。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Murray-Bartlett ran 150 of them — every day for 150 days. The 32-year-old woman ran 6,329 kilometres from Queensland, at the top of Australia, to Melbourne, at the bottom. Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record, the most consecutive (连续不断的) daily marathons.”（穆雷-巴特利特跑了150场马拉松，持续了150天。这名32岁的女子从澳大利亚最顶端的昆士兰跑到最底部的墨尔本，全程6329公里。她为期五个月的从东海岸到西海岸的跑步创造了一项新的世界纪录——每天连续跑马拉松的次数最多。）可知，穆雷-巴特利特创造的世界纪录是连续150天跑了150次马拉松。故选A项。
【23题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Her five-month coast-to-coast run set a new world record”（她为期五个月的从东海岸到西海岸的跑步创造了新的世界纪录）以及划线单词句中的“the earlier record of 106 marathons in 106 days.”（此前106天跑106场马拉松的纪录）故可猜测，划线单词smashed为“打破”的意思，结合选项B项broke“打破”意思一致。故选B项。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“More importantly, by running across the country, she hoped to make people pay more attention to the fact that many kinds of animals and plants were dying out in Australia. Finally, her run raised $70,000 for the protection organization, the Wilderness Society.”（更重要的是，通过跑遍全国，她希望让人们更多地关注这样一个事实，即许多种类的动物和植物正在澳大利亚灭绝。最后，她的跑步为保护组织“荒野协会”筹集了7万美元。）可知，穆雷-巴特利特每天都跑马拉松是因为她的目标是帮助保护野生动物。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“She said, “Even though sometimes I was covered in sweat and flies, and everything ached, I thought, ‘No, I can go one more kilometre’ or,’ No, I can go 500 more metres’. Lots of tiny goals mean you can do it.””（她说：“尽管有时我浑身是汗，浑身是苍蝇，浑身酸痛，但我想，‘不，我还能再跑一公里’，或者‘不，我还能再跑500米’。”很多小目标意味着你可以做到。”）可知，穆雷-巴特利特之所以能创造世界纪录，主要是因为她从不放弃。故选C项。
B
Breathing in air pollution could change our brain. A new study shows that car fumes (尾气) can change how our brain is wired — how parts of the brain are connected (连接) with each other. Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours. Professor Chris Carlsten was surprised at what he found. He said, “For many years, scientists thought the brain might be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution.” He added, “This study, which is the first of its kind in the world, supports a connection between air pollution and thinking.”
The traffic pollution study was on 25 adults. The researchers asked the adults to breathe in car fumes in a laboratory for two hours. The research team got images of their brains on a computer by X-rays. The images showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking and remembering changed. There were fewer connections between the networks. Another professor said the research was worrying. She said, “It’s worrying to see traffic pollution disrupting (干扰) these networks.” The researchers said there needed to be more research to see the way car fumes change our brain. They also advised people to close car windows when in traffic. The brains of the 25 people returned to normal after they breathed clean air.
26. Scientists used to think that ________.
A. car fumes were harmful to adults B. clean air helped people think clearly
C. air pollution might do no damage to the brain D. parts of the brain were connected with each other
27. What is the finding of the research from the University of British Columbia?
A. It’s important for people to reduce air pollution.
B. It’s impossible for the brains to return to normal.
C. The brain can be protected from the effects of air pollution.
D Car fumes reduce the connections between brain networks.
28. Further research may be done on ________.
A. how to make full use of X-rays B. how car fumes change people’s brain
C. the cause of air pollution in the world D. the relationship between cars and pollution
29. What did the researchers suggest?
A. We should try to keep the air clean. B. We should remember how our brain works.
C. We should close car windows when driving. D. We should examine the images of our brains.
30. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A magazine. B. A dictionary. C. A poster. D. A notice.
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了吸入污染的空气会改变我们的大脑。文章还解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Professor Chris Carlsten, was surprised at what he found. He said, “For many years, scientists thought the brain might be protected from the harmful effects of air pollution.”(Chris Carlsten教授对他的发现感到惊讶。他说：“多年来，科学家们认为大脑可以免受空气污染的有害影响。”)”可知，科学家过去认为空气污染可能不会对大脑造成损害。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours.(加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员发现，汽车尾气可以在短短两小时内改变我们大脑的连通性)”以及第二段“ The researchers asked the adults to breathe in car fumes in a laboratory for two hours. The research team got images of their brains on a computer by X-rays. The images showed that networks in the brain that we use for thinking and remembering changed. There were fewer connections between the networks. (研究人员让这些成年人在实验室里吸入汽车尾气两个小时。研究小组通过X射线在电脑上获得了他们的大脑图像。这些图像显示，我们大脑中用于思考和记忆的网络发生了变化。这些网络之间的连接更少)”可知，英属哥伦比亚大学的研究发现了汽车废气减少大脑网络之间的连接。故选D。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers said there needed to be more research to see the way car fumes change our brain.(研究人员表示，还需要更多的研究来了解汽车尾气如何改变我们的大脑)”可知，关于汽车废气如何改变人的大脑，可能会有进一步的研究。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“They also advised people to close car windows when in traffic.(他们还建议人们在交通堵塞时关上车窗)”可知，研究人员建议开车时我们应该关上车窗。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Breathing in air pollution could change our brain. A new study shows that car fumes (尾气) can change how our brain is wired — how parts of the brain are connected (连接) with each other. Researchers from the University of British Columbia in Canada found that car fumes can change our brain’s connectivity in just two hours.(吸入污染的空气会改变我们的大脑。一项新的研究表明，汽车废气可以改变我们大脑的连接的方式——大脑各部分之间的连接方式。加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员发现，汽车尾气可以在短短两小时内改变我们大脑的连通性)”并结合文章还解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。可推知，文章选自科学杂志。故选A。
四、翻译：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。请将下面的英语句子翻译成汉语。
31. Easier said than done. (英译汉)
【答案】说时容易做时难。
【解析】
【详解】考查谚语。本句是一句谚语，可当作固定句型进行积累。“Easier said than done.”是省略句，其完整句为：“It’s easier said than done.”Easier…than…意为“比……更容易的”；said意为“说”；done意为“做”。本句可译为：说时容易做时难。
32. Do you think you are qualified for this job? （英译汉）
【答案】你认为你能胜任这份工作吗？
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句为 Do you think+宾语从句的句型。在宾语从句中，主语为you“你”，谓语动词为are qualified for“胜任”，宾语为this job“这份工作”。故本句可译为：你认为你能胜任这份工作吗？
33. It’s bad for health to be too anxious about everything. （英译汉）
【答案】对每件事都过于焦虑对健康有害。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是It’s+形容词+for sb+ to do sth的固定句型，在该句型中，bad为形容词表示“有害的”；health为名词表示“健康”；to be too anxious about everything表示“对每件事都过于焦虑”，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式to do sth为真正的宾语。故本句可译为：对每件事都过于焦虑对健康有害。
34. This medicine sells well. I used it and it did help a lot. (英译汉)
【答案】这种药很畅销。我用过它，它确实帮了我很多忙。
【解析】
【详解】考查语态、强调句和固定短语。分析句子结构可知，第一句和第二句均为简单句。前一句中使用了主动语态表示被动，sells well可译为“很畅销”；第二句中用did强调动词help，可表示为“确实”；a lot可译为“很多”，用作副词修饰动词help。故本句可译为：这种药很畅销。我用过它，它确实帮了我很多忙。
35. Nowadays the transportation in Chengdu is very convenient. （英译汉）
【答案】如今成都的交通非常便利。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。Nowadays表示“如今”；the transportation in Chengdu表示“成都的交通”；very convenient意为“非常方便”。故翻译为：如今成都的交通非常便利。
36. The National Library of China is located in the west of Beijing. （英译汉）
【答案】中国国家图书馆位于北京的西部。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是简单的主谓状结构。主语是The National Library of China“中国国家图书馆”，is located“位于”是谓语动词，in the west of Beijing“北京的西部”是介词短语作句子的状语成分。故翻译为：中国国家图书馆位于北京的西部。
37. Since “Yoga” can help people relax, many office ladies are fond of it. （英译汉）
【答案】由于“瑜伽”可以帮助人们放松，许多办公室女士都喜欢它。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，本句为连词since引导的原因状语从句，在从句中，主语“Yoga”表示“瑜伽”，谓语部分为can help people relax表示“可以帮助人们放松”；在主句中，主语many office ladies表示“许多办公室女士”，谓语部分为are fond of it表示“都喜欢它”。故本句可译为：由于“瑜伽”可以帮助人们放松，许多办公室女士都喜欢它。
38. The song, Yesterday Once More, brings back happy moments of my childhood. （英译汉）
【答案】《昨日重现》这首歌使我回想起童年的快乐时光。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句为简单的主谓宾结构。主语是The song, Yesterday Once More“《昨日重现》这首歌”，谓语是brings back“使……回忆起来”，宾语是back happy moments of my childhood“童年的快乐时光”。故本句可译为：《昨日重现》这首歌使我回想起童年的快乐时光。
39. Check everything before you put it in the dustbin, as many items are reusable these days. （英译汉）
【答案】把东西扔进垃圾桶之前先检查一下，因为现在很多东西都是可以重复使用的。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。此处Check everything表示“检查”；before you put it in the dustbin为before引导的时间状语从句，表示“在你把东西扔进垃圾桶之前”；as引导原因状语从句，many items表示“很多东西”；reusable表示“重复使用的”；these days表示“现在”。故翻译为：把东西扔进垃圾桶之前先检查一下，因为现在很多东西都是可以重复使用的。
40. During the Chinese New Year, people in some places will buy oranges, which symbolize good fortune. （英译汉）
【答案】在中国新年期间，一些地方的人们会买橙子，这象征着好运。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。短语During the Chinese New Year表示“在中国新年期间”；people in some places表示“一些地方的人们”；buy oranges表示“购买橙子”；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词oranges；symbolize good fortune表示“象征着好运”。故翻译为：在中国新年期间，一些地方的人们会买橙子，这象征着好运。
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