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2022-2023学年广东省广州市荔湾区协和中学高一下开学测英语试题含解析
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这是一份2022-2023学年广东省广州市荔湾区协和中学高一下开学测英语试题含解析，共28页。试卷主要包含了考生必须保证答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年广东省广州市荔湾区协和中学高一下开学测
本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的市(县、区)、学校、姓名、班级、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上，并填涂10位准考证号(考号)。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to the Sydney Opera House
Ticket Info and Guided Tours
Visitors can enjoy the Sydney Opera House’s foyer (前厅) for free, but for a more insightful visit, you’ll need to book a tour.
There are several different ways to experience the Sydney Opera House, and multiple tours are available including back-stage passes and walking tours.
Tour Type
Adult (AUD S)
Child
Guided Walking Tour
$42
$22
Guided Walking Tour+ Dinner
$73
$52
Guided Walking Tour+ Tasting Plate
$82.20
$64.80
Back-stage Tour
$175
$175
Opening Hours and the Best Time to Visit
The Sydney Opera House is open year-round with the following opening hours:
●Monday-Saturday: 9:00 a.m.-8:30 p.m.
●Sunday: 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.
As for the best time of day, it’s recommended to book the earliest Sydney Opera House tour of the day to beat the crowds. To enjoy sunny weather with fewer crowds, try visiting in the shoulder season (October, November, February or March).
Points of Interest
●The Steps
Before entering the Opera House, take a picture of the building from the steps outside.
●The Sails
Step beneath the sails on a guided tour and enjoy harbor front views.
●The Concert Hall
The Concert Hall is the largest venue with seats for more than 2,000 people. It features contemporary live music shows and highly-regarded orchestral (管弦乐的) performances. It is also here that you will find the world’s largest mechanical tracker-action pipe organ.
●Opera Bar
After your tour, head to the Opera Bar for a bite to eat or drink in the sun.
●Badu Gili
Badu Gili, which is “water light” in the language of the Gadigal people, takes place most evenings after sunset at 9:00 p.m., 9:30 p.m., and 10 p.m. The seven-minute display is free to view.
1. How much will a Guided Walking Tour including supper for two adults cost?
A. $73. B. $84. C. $146. D. $164.40.
2. Which of the following is the best time to visit the Opera House with fewer crowds?
A. 9:30 a.m., a Monday in February.
B. 10:00 a.m., a Sunday in December.
C. 5:00 p.m., a Friday in September.
D. 6:00 p.m., a Saturday in March.
3. What is Badu Gili?
A. A local language.
B. A water sport.
C. A light show.
D. A dining area.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于悉尼歌剧院一些活动的广告，介绍了活动、票价最好的参与时间等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个小标题Ticket Info and Guided Tours部分的表格，可知Guided Walking Tour+ Dinner这种旅行方式成人的费用是73澳元，儿童的费用是52澳元。因此由此可知两个成年人需花费146澳元，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据二个小标题Opening Hours and the Best Time to Visit部分的“As for the best time of day, it’s recommended to book the earliest Sydney Opera House tour of the day to beat the crowds.(至于一天中最好的时间，建议预订当天最早的悉尼歌剧院游览，以避开人群)”以及“try visiting in the shoulder season (October, November, February or March)(不妨在平季（10月、11月、2月或3月）去)”可知，最好的参观时间是每天最早的时间，人少的参观月份是：10月、11月、2月或3月。结合选项，A项“二月的一个星期一上午九点半”是最好的参观时间。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Badu Gili, which is “water light” in the language of the Gadigal people, takes place most evenings after sunset at 9:00 p.m., 9:30 p.m., and 10:00 p.m. The seven- minute display is free to view.(Badu Gili，在Gadigal人的语言中是“水光”，通常在日落后的晚上9点、9点半和10点举行。七分钟的展示是免费观看的)”推知，Badu Gili是在晚上进行的灯光表演，故选C。
B
“You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five.” a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted. “Your blood sugars are much too high.” It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.
I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.
When I was 11 years old, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after I was 15, I had a massive hemorrhage(大出血)in my left eye because of an accident. For the next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision. But after one final operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I buried all dreams of painting.
Desperate, I enrolled in(注册)a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired(视力受损). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program as a turning point.
“Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind.” my instructor told me. “You can use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.” It’s amazing! Hope went up for the first time in years. “By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and PowerPoint.” my instructor added.
For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not only do I have a speaking computer, but I have a speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator.
4. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The right opportunity. B. The children’s hospital.
C. Having too much sugar. D. Losing my sight in the future.
5. What happened when the author was 15 years old?
A. One of his eyes got injured. B. He went blind completely.
C. He gave painting. D. He had many eye operations.
6. What made the author hopeful again?
A. An inspiring speech. B. A meaningful performance.
C. A special program. D. An important interview.
7. What does the author intend to tell us?
A. No pain, no gain. B. Stay positive in the face of life’s difficulties.
C. Everyone is born equal. D. Every man has his price.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的左眼失明，右眼视力严重受损，但作者没有气馁，“一个特殊的课程”给作者带来了一个转折点。文章告诉我们：当一扇门关上时，另一扇门就会打开。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段““You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five.” a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted. (“到你二十五岁的时候你就会失明，”儿童医院的一位医生预测道。)”可知，医生的预测像乌云一样笼罩在作者的头顶，所以划线词it指的是“以后会失明”。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Precisely three months after I was 25, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident.(在我二十五岁生日的三个月后，我的左眼因为一次意外而大出血。)”可知，作者25岁时左眼受伤。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program as a turning point.(无奈之下，我报名参加了一个为期 16 周的盲人和视障者项目。 我学会了个人调整和使用带有自适应软件的计算机。通过这个项目，我打开了一个全新的世界，这成为我的转折点。)”可知，“一个特殊的课程”给作者带来了一个转折点。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology.(在接下来的几年里，我了解到，当一扇门关闭时，另一扇门就会打开。 通过技术的馈赠，盲人和视障人士有很多选择。)”可推断，作者告诉我们：面对生活中的困难，要积极乐观。故选B。
C
You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you’re not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?
If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She’s a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn’t have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.
Others say that there’s no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.
“I think we should encourage kids’ participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids’ efforts.”
Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式).” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”
There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They’ll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there’s nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.
From my point of veiw, the trophy has to stand for something. If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value. Trophies should be given for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, which teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying out best.
8. According to Carol Dweck which player should receive a trophy?
A. Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.
B. David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.
C. Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team
D. Jim, a soccer player who tries bis best to win the game.
9. Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?
A. There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.
B. Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.
C. Kids should be given trophies for taking part in a sport
D. There is no need to give kids courage to play a sport.
10. The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “ ”.
A. remember B. stress C. value D. choose
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Which one do you agree with? B. Who deserves a trophy?
C. What is a trophy? D. How can kids win a trophy?
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。如果孩子参加体育比赛，那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.(她建议将奖杯颁发给进步最大的球员，或者对团队精神贡献最大的球员，以及那些表现最好的球员。)”可知，斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck认为，进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最佳的运动员都应获奖。A项“Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.(彼得，他随时准备帮助他的伙伴们进球。)”符合题意。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段““I think we should encourage kids’ participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids’ efforts.” (“我认为我们应该鼓励孩子们参与体育运动，”纽约市威尔康奈尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish说。“奖杯是鼓励孩子们努力的一种方式。”)”可知，纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish认为，我们应该鼓励孩子参加体育活动，颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. (我们给孩子上了错误的一课。我们传递的信息是，胜利就是一切。)”可知，Barish认为，当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候，我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号：获胜就是一切。因此划线词组single out意为“挑出”。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?(你报名参加了足球比赛，参加了本赛季的每一场比赛。当然，你不是队里最好的球员，但大多数时候你都是全力以赴。你应该得到一座奖杯吗?) ”和最后一段中For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.(现在，他认为让所有参加体育运动的孩子都感觉自己是赢家并没有什么错。这意味着每个人都有奖杯。)”可知，本文主要论述了是不是每个参加比赛的人都该得到奖杯。由此推知，B项“Who deserves a trophy?(谁应该获得奖杯?) ”符合题意，可以做最佳标题。故选B。
D
The Notre Dame (巴黎圣母院) fire has been put out, but its spire (尖顶) and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore.”
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely through a video game called Assassin’s Creed: Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of making digital models of ancient buildings to save their data dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular, the digital model has great useful value. First, it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics.
Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
12. What can we see about Notre Dame in the game?
A. The damaged Notre Dame. B. Its former look.
C. The big fire. D. Its wooden shape.
13. What will engineers do to create a digital mode of the ancient buildings?
A. Build 3D models of full size. B. Scan the photos of the buildings.
C. Improve the technology needed. D. Measure all the parts exactly.
14. How does the author prove the digital model has value in use?
A. By classification. B. By giving examples.
C. By comparison. D. By listing numbers.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the application of the technology?
A. Negative. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Uncertain.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运用现代技术的新手段——数字副本——保护建筑文化遗迹，并说明了这种技术的优点。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.(在这个游戏中，玩家可以前往一个又一个城市，进入与现实中完全一样的建筑，并看到火灾前的圣母院 )”可知，我们在这款游戏中可以看到巴黎圣母院原来的样子。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.(通过用激光扫描古建筑、用多重图像建立三维模型以及精确地测量每一件东西，工程师们可以制作出和真实的古建筑一样精确的复制品)”可知，为了创作这个古建筑的复制品，工程师需要精准测量所有的东西，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. (莫高窟虚拟之旅就是一个很好的例子，因为游客可以在不站在附近的情况下观看这些画作 )”和“In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. (2000年，在汉诺举行的世界博览会上，一场虚拟的长城之旅变得非常受欢迎，在这接下来的几年里，增加了参观长城的外国游客的数量)”可推知，作者分别举了莫高窟和长城的虚拟旅行的例子来说明数字拷贝在保护文化遗产方面的重要性，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.(虽然在未来可能会有更完善的科技，但是目前来看数字技术提供了切实可行的方法来保护建筑文化遗产)”可知，作者认为虽然在未来可能会有更完善的科技，但是目前来看数字技术提供了切实可行的方法来保护建筑文化遗产。由此推知，作者是支持数字技术的应用的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
California will be the first state to ban the sale and manufacture of new fur products.___16___It will go into effect on January 1, 2023.
California’s fur law was one of several bills designed to prevent cruelty to animals. “California is a leader when it comes to animal protection and today that leadership includes banning the sale of fur, ” said Governor Newsom in a news report. “___17___We are making a statement to the world that beautiful wild animals like bears and tigers have no place on trapeze (高空秋千) wires or jumping through flames.”___18___More than a dozen European countries, including the United Kingdom, Austria, Norway and the Netherlands have also passed laws to limit the fur trade.
____19____“The signing of the ban shows the point that today’s customers simply don’t want wild animals to suffer extreme pain and fear while keeping up with the fashion,” said Kitty Block, president and CEO of The Humane Society of the United States and president of Humane Society International. Not everyone, however, was pleased with the ban. Banning the killing of animals for their fur means killing the fur business, says Hyatt, an owner of a fur store.___20___
Many retailers are also ending fur sales. In mid-October, Macy’s (American’s department store) announced it will stop fur from all its stores by the end of 2020. The stores will also close all fur vaults and salons. Other fashion brands such as Prada, Gucci, Michael Kors and Burberry have taken similar steps in recent years.
A. But we are doing more than that.
B. California is taking the lead in protecting animals.
C. Similar laws have been carried out globally already.
D. And that in turn will leave many people unemployed.
E. Two other California cities had already banned fur sales.
F. Not surprisingly, the ban is welcomed by animal rights activists.
G. The ban applies to clothing, shoes, handbags and other things that contain fur.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了加州通过了一项禁止销售和生产新毛皮产品的法律及对其实施后可能出现的问题的探讨。
【详解】1.结合空白处前“California will be the first state to ban the sale and manufacture of new fur products.”加州将是第一个禁止销售和生产新毛皮产品的州。可以推断，接下来讲述的是这个禁令会应用于哪些产品上。选项G."The ban applies to clothing, shoes, handbags and other things that contain fur."该禁令适用于服装、鞋子、手提包和其它含有毛皮的物品。和文意相符合，故选G。
2.结合本段中“California is a leader when it comes to animal protection and today that leadership includes banning the sale of fur, ”加利福尼亚州在动物保护方面处于领先地位，如今，这一领导地位包括禁止销售毛皮，可知，加州在动物保护方面所做的措施增加了禁止销售毛皮的细节；根据空白处后一句“We are making a statement to the world that beautiful wild animals like bears and tigers have no place on trapeze (高空秋千) wires or jumping through flames.”我们正在向世界宣告，像熊和老虎这样珍贵的野生动物，不应该出现在空中飞人的钢丝上，也不应该在火焰中跳跃。可以推断，空白处论述的是在单纯的禁止销售毛皮措施外，加州也想全世界宣告保护野生动物的重要性。选项A.“But we are doing more than that.”但我们做的远不止这些。符合文意，故选A。
3.结合空白处后一句“More than a dozen European countries, including the United Kingdom, Austria, Norway and the Netherlands have also passed laws to limit the fur trade.”十多个欧洲国家，包括英国，奥地利，挪威和荷兰，也通过了限制毛皮贸易的法律。可以推断，空白处的内容为除了加州之外，还有国家也通过了类似的法律。选项C.“Similar laws have been carried out globally already”.类似的法律已经在全球范围内实施。符合文意，故选C。
4.结合空白处后表示转折的细节“Not everyone, however, was pleased with the ban.”然而，并不是每个人都对禁令感到满意。通过对比可知，本句之前讲述的细节是对于这个禁令赞同的人们。作为段首的句子，应为对赞同作概括。选项F.“Not surprisingly, the ban is welcomed by animal rights activists.”毫不奇怪，这项禁令受到动物权利保护者的欢迎。和空白处后的细节形成呼应。故选F。
5.结合空白处前“Banning the killing of animals for their fur means killing the fur business,”禁止猎杀动物获取毛皮意味着扼杀毛皮生意，可知接下来，作为顺承关系，理应讲到是没有这种生意之后的其他结果，选项D.“And that in turn will leave many people unemployed.”这反过来会导致很多人失业。符合文意，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If life were a book and you were the writer, how would you like the story to go? That is the question that____21____my life forever.
One day I went home from the training of snowboarding with what I thought was the flu, and less than 24 hours later, I was in a____22____on life support with less than two percent____23____of living. It wasn’t until days later that the doctors told me I had a serious blood infection. Over the____24____of 2.5 months, I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knees. When my parents____25____me out of the hospital, I felt like that I had been put together like a patchwork(拼缝物) doll and I had to live with____26____legs. I was absolutely physically and emotionally ____27____, tears streaming down.
But I knew in order to move forward, I had to let go of the Old Amy and hug the New Amy. It was at this moment that I asked myself that significant____28____. And that is when it____29____me that I didn’t have to be five-foot-five anymore.______30______I could be as tall as I wanted. And______31______of all, I can make my feet the size of all the shoes. So there were______32______here.
Four months later, I was back upon a snowboard. And this February, I won two Board World Cup gold medals,______33______me the highest ranked snowboarder in the world. So, instead of looking at our______34______and our limitations as something negative or bad, we can begin looking at them as a wonderful______35______that can be used to help us go further than we ever know we could go.
21. A. saved B. changed C. ruined D. risked
22. A. playground B. club C. hospital D. stadium
23. A. chance B. degree C. thought D. decision
24. A. journey B. period C. break D. schedule
25. A. pulled B. dragged C. wheeled D. delivered
26. A. false B. heavy C. beautiful D. muscled
27. A. excited B. fallen C. broken D. worried
28. A. question B. plan C. information D. favor
29. A. knocked into B. occurred to C. depended on D. looked into
30. A. Finally B. Generally C. Instead D. Therefore
31. A. first B. strangest C. luckiest D. best
32. A. benefits B. struggles C. memories D. stories
33. A. allowing B. giving C. making D. calling
34. A. experiments B. achievements C. devotions D. challenges
35. A. ability B. gift C. trip D. skill
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一场疾病中失去了左耳的听力和双腿，但是作者认为自己可以掌握自己人生的走向，积极生活，从而获得了美好的人生。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个问题永远地改变了我的生活。A. saved拯救； B. changed改变；C. ruined摧毁；D. risked冒险。 下文讲在作者觉得沮丧和崩溃的时候，作者问了自己这个问题，然后让自己糟糕的生活变得好了起来。所以是这个问题永远地改变了作者的生活。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，我结束了单板滑雪训练，回到家，我以为自己得了流感。不到24小时后，我就躺在医院里，靠生命支持系统维持生命，存活的几率不到2%。A. playground操场；B. club俱乐部；C. hospital医院；D. stadium体育馆。根据“on life support”可知，此处是指在医院里。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，我结束了单板滑雪训练，回到家，我以为自己得了流感。不到24小时后，我就躺在医院里，靠生命支持系统维持生命，存活的几率不到2%。A. chance几率；B. degree程度；C. thought想法；D. decision决定。根据“I was in a____2____on life support”可知，此处是指活的几率不到2%。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在两个半月的时间里，我失去了左耳的听力和双腿的膝盖以下。A. journey旅程；B. period时期；C. break休息；D. schedule计划。根据“of 2.5 months”可知，此处是指在两个半月的时间里。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当父母把我推出医院的时候，我感觉自己就像被拼凑起来的一个娃娃，不得不戴着假腿生活。A. pulled拉；B. dragged拽；C. wheeled用轮椅推；D. delivered运输。根据“I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knee.”可知，作者已经无法行走了。所以此处是指父母把作者用轮椅推出医院。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当父母把我推出医院的时候，我感觉自己就像被拼凑起来的一个娃娃，不得不戴着假腿生活。A. false假的；B. heavy沉重的；C. beautiful漂亮的； D. muscled肌肉发达的。根据“I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knee.”可知，作者已经没有膝盖以下的腿了，所以不得不戴着假腿生活。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的身体和情感都崩溃了，眼泪不停地流。A. excited激动的；B. fallen落下的；C. broken破碎的；崩溃的；D. worried担心的。根据“tears streaming down.”和前文可知，作者的身体和情感都崩溃了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我问了自己这个重要的问题。A. question问题； B. plan计划；C. information信息；D. favor支持。根据“And that is when it____9____me that I didn’t have to be five-foot-five anymore.”可知，作者意识到自己的身高问题。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到我不必再保持5英尺5英寸的身高了。A. knocked into撞上；B. occurred to想到； 意识到；C. depended on依靠； D. looked into调查。根据“I didn’t have to be five-foot-five anymore.”可知，这是作者意识到的事情。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我可以想长多高就长多高。A. Finally最终；B. Generally通常；普遍地；C. Instead代替；反而；D. Therefore因此。根据“I could be as tall as I wanted.”可知，相反，作者想长得更高。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最好的是，我可以让我的脚和所有的鞋子一样大。A. first第一的；B. strangest最奇怪的；C. luckiest最幸运的；D .best最好的。根据“I can make my feet the size of all the shoes.”可知，作者可以让作者的脚和所有的鞋子一样大，是作者觉得最好的事。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以这是有好处的。A. benefits好处； B. struggles奋斗； C. memories记忆；D. stories故事。根据“I can make my feet the size of all the shoes.”可知，这是有好处的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，我获得了两枚单板世界杯金牌，使我成为世界上排名最高的单板运动员。A. allowing允许；B. giving给；C. making使成为；D. calling呼喊。“make +sb.+名词”意为“使某人……成为……”，此处是指获得了两枚单板世界杯金牌这件事使作者成为世界上排名最高的单板运动员。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，不要把我们的挑战和局限看作消极或不好的东西，我们可以开始把它们看作是一种美好的礼物，可以用来帮助我们走得更远，比我们知道我们可以走得更远。A. experiments实验；B. .achievements成就；C .devotions贡献；D. challenges挑战。根据“our limitations”可知，此处是指我们遇到的挑战和困难。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，不要把我们的挑战和局限看作消极或不好的东西，我们可以开始把它们看作是一种美好的礼物，可以用来帮助我们走得更远，比我们知道我们可以走得更远。A. ability能力；B. gift礼物；C. trip旅行；D. skill技巧。根据“that can be used to help us”可知，消极或不好的东西可以把它们看作是一种美好的礼物。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
By far, the most technologically challenging railway ever built was____36____(probable) the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, completed in 2006, which connects Xining to Lhasa. The railway was first planned in the 1950s, but the technical difficulties were too much____37____(overcome). It was not until 1984____38____the first 814-kilometer section of the railway, from Xining to Golmud, was completed.
The biggest issue was the permafrost (冻结带) -frozen earth. In the summer, usually____39____(melt) at a fast speed, the top layer of the permafrost turns to mud, which makes the ground unstable.____40____ (various) of solutions were used to get around this. In some cases, railway bridges____41____(build). In other cases, engineers installed pipes under the ground to keep it frozen during the summer. Finally, in some areas it was impossible to build the railway over the permafrost,____42____ engineers tunneled through it.
It is hoped that the experience of building the Qinghai-Tibet Railway can be used in____43____new project, linking China with Pakistan. This railway will travel 1,000 kilometers____44____the Pamir Mountains, which are nicknamed the Roof of the World. Building such a railway will be undoubtedly a technical challenge. When to start construction on this project____45____(discuss) at present.
【答案】36. probably
37. to overcome
38. that 39. melting
40. Varieties
41. were built
42. so 43. a
44. through
45. is being discussed
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。迄今为止，技术上最具挑战性的铁路可能是2006年完工的青藏铁路，这条铁路连接西宁和拉萨。文章主要介绍了青藏铁路修建所遇到的问题。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：迄今为止，技术上最具挑战性的铁路可能是2006年完工的青藏铁路，这条铁路连接西宁和拉萨。句子的主干为主系表结构，空处作状语，应用所给词的副词形式。故填probably。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这条铁路最初是在20世纪50年代规划的，但技术上的困难太多了，无法克服。此处为句型too... to do... “太……以至于不能做……”，动词不定式作结果状语。故填to overcome。
【38题详解】
考查强调句。句意：直到1984年，从西宁到格尔木的第一个814公里的铁路才完工。去掉It was和设空处句子依然完整，由此可知，此处为强调句：it was not until+被强调部分+ that。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在夏天，通常永久冻土的顶层迅速融化，变成泥浆，使地面变得不稳定。主句中已有谓语动词turns，且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，melt与逻辑主语the top layer of the permafrost之间为主动关系，此处应用现在分词作状语。故填melting。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了解决这个问题，我们采用了各种解决方案。结合句意，此处表示“各种各样”短语为varieties of，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Varieties。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在某些情况下，修建了铁路桥。主语railway bridges与谓语build构成被动关系，结合上文solutions were used to get around this可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语railway bridges是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填were built。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：最后，在一些地区，在永久冻土层上修建铁路是不可能的，所以工程师们在那里挖隧道。结合句意和句子结构，此处应用连词so连接两个有因果关系的并列句。故填so。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：希望青藏铁路的建设经验可以用于一个新项目，连接中国和巴基斯坦。project“项目”为可数名词，此处为泛指，且new是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：这条铁路将穿越被称为“世界屋脊”的帕米尔山脉，全长1000公里。结合句意和句子结构可知，表示“穿越”山脉，应用介词through。故填through。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：目前正在讨论这个项目何时开工。空处为句子谓语动词，主语“When to start construction on this project”为单数概念，且与discuss是被动关系，结合时间状语at present可知，此处表示目前动作正在发生，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being discussed。
第四部分：词汇运用题(共2节，满分29分)
第一节 单词拼写(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请按照提示及句子意思填写所缺单词，注意应使用B1WU-B2U2所学单词的正确形式，每空只能填一个单词。
46. If you find yourself in danger from a forest fire, first of all, stay___________(镇静的).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】calm
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意： 如果你发现自己处于森林火灾的危险之中，首先要保持冷静。 stay calm保持冷静。根据汉语提示及句意，故填calm。
47. The police came under___________(攻击) from angry crowds, which made it out of control. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attack
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意： 警察受到愤怒人群的攻击，使事态失去控制。under attack遭受攻击。根据汉语提示及句意，故填attack。
48. Rescuers found victims ________ (困住) several feet underground. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】trapped
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：救援人员发现受害者被困在地下几英尺处。动词found后宾语victims与trap之间为动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填trapped。
49. The injured man________ (企图，尝试) to stand up, but failed again and again. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attempted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：受伤的男子试图站起来，但一次又一次失败。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应用动词attempt，表示“尝试，企图”，根据句中failed使用过去式形式可知，句子使用一般过去时，空处应用动词的过去式形式attempted。故填attempted。
50. At the party, students talked excitedly,___________ (交换) gifts with each other. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】exchanging
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在聚会上，学生们兴奋地交谈，互相交换礼物。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词exchange符合句意，句中已有谓语动词talked，空处应填非谓语动词作状语，exchange和逻辑主语students之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填exchanging。
51. Students were encouraged to take part in the___________(有创意的) writing competition. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】creative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：学生被鼓励参加创意写作比赛。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，形容词creative符合题意，修饰名词词组writing competition。故填creative。
52. It is ___________(公认) that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognized
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：人们认识到环境污染已成为最严重的问题之一。根据汉语提示“公认”，可知此处应填入动词recognize，形式主语it与recognize之间为动宾关系，谓语动词应使用被动语态形式be done，动词需使用过去分词形式，与助动词is构成被动语态。故填recognized。
53. As time went by, Chinese writing system developed into an art form, known as Chinese___________(书法) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】calligraphy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，中国的书写系统发展成为一种艺术形式，被称为中国书法。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“书法”应为calligraphy且为不可数名词。故填calligraphy。
54. The government does not intend to stop the protection programs, since the ___________ (威胁) to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】threats
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府不打算停止保护计划，因为对藏羚羊的威胁尚未消失。根据汉语提示“威胁”可知，空格处涉及单词“threat”，意为“威胁”，为可数名词，根据句中“have”可知，空格处应用“threat”的复数形式“threats”，表示一类事物，在句中作主语。故填threats。
55 The government has___________(供给) enough meat and vegetables to the citizens in need. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】supplied
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意： 政府为有需要的市民提供了足够的肉和蔬菜。supply sth. to sb.给某人提供某物。主语The government与supply之间为主动关系，所以has后接动词的过去分词形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填supplied。
56 The cause of the accident is being___________ [ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪtɪd] by the police at present. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】investigated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：目前警方正在调查事故原因。分析句子结构可知，此处应为现在进行时被动语态，根据提示的音标可知，此处应为investigate意为“调查”，结合句意，investigate与句子主语The cause of the accident构成被动关系，所以此处应为过去分词形式。故填investigated。
57. ___________ [‘ɒbviəsli], the kids are amazed at the new machine and wonder how to operate it(根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】Obviously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，孩子们对这台新机器感到惊讶，想知道如何操作它。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语，根据提示的音标可知，此处应为obviously意为“显然”符合句意，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Obviously。
58. Cathy’s determination is what her boss___________[əd’maɪə(r)]. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】admires
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意： 凯茜的决心是她老板所欣赏的。分析句子结构可知，表语从句中缺少谓语动词。根据主句时态可知，用一般现在时。从句主语her boss为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据英文提示可知，故填admires。
59. ________ [ θ ru:’a u t] the interview the journalists listened attentively and took notes furiously. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】Throughout
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：此次采访从头到尾，这位记者都一直在认真地倾听，同时飞速地记笔记。根据提示词所给音标以及句意可知，该处应填写表示“自始至终”的介词，与后面的名词interview 共同构成状语，故填Throughout。
60. Yuan Longping, a famous agricultural scientist, has made great___________[.kɒntrɪ’bju:ʃn] to our country. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：袁隆平，一位著名的农业科学家，为我们国家做出了巨大的贡献。根据音标和句意“贡献”可知，空格处涉及单词“contribution”，意为“贡献”，为可数名词，做出的贡献不止一个，故应用“contribution”的复数形式“contributions”，作宾语。故填contributions。
第二节 完成句子(共28空;每空0.5分，满分14分)
请按照提示及句子意思填写所缺单词，注意应使用B1WU-B2U2所学短语的正确形式，每空只能填一个单词。
61. 由于每天都有许多物种在灭绝，我们必须让人们意识到这个严重的问题，并帮助保护它们。
Since many species are becoming extinct every day, we must_________ _________ _________ _________the serious problem and help protect them.
【答案】 ①. realize ②. the ③. importance ④. of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。对比中英文句子可知，表达“意识到”可用动词realize，情态动词must后跟动词原形；“……的重要性”表达为the importance of。综上，故填realize；the；importance；of。
62. 这部电影是基于一个真实的历史事件。
The film_________ _________ _________a real historical event
【答案】 ①. is/was ②. based ③. on
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语be based on“基于”，作句子谓语动词，可看作陈述现在的事实用一般现在时，也可看作陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时，主语film是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is/was；based；on。
63. 此时正在采取措施，以防止文化遗产受到破坏。
Measures are being taken to_________cultural heritage_________ _________ _________ .
【答案】 ①. prevent ②. from ③. being ④. damaged/destroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。prevent ... from ... 阻止；防止。名词cultural heritage与damage/destroy之间为被动关系，所以与动名词的被动语态。根据句意，故填prevent；from ；being ；damaged/destroyed。
64. 这个珍贵的花瓶可以追溯到宋朝，是在农民们挖井时偶然发现的。
The precious vase, which_________ _________ _________Song Dynasty, Was discovered quite by accident when the farmers were digging a well.
【答案】 ①. dates ②. back ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语date back to“追溯到……”，作定语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语which指代先行词vase，为第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。故填dates；back；to。
65. 当他在阅读文章中遇到新词时，他总是查字典或从上下文中猜测它们的含义。
When he met new words in articles, he always_________ _________the dictionary or guessed their meanings from the context.
【答案】 ①. referred ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语refer to“参考，查阅”，作主句谓语动词，根据下文并列谓语动词guessed判断此处为一般过去时。故填referred；to。
66. 大地震过后，整个城市成为一片废墟，他们不得不在露天搭建避难所。
After the powerful earthquake, the whole city lay_________ _________and they had to put up shelters_________ _________ _________ _________.
【答案】 ①. in ②. ruins ③. in ④. the ⑤. open ⑥. air
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，“一片废墟”使用in ruins；“露天”使用in the open air。故填①in；②ruins；③in；④the；⑤open；⑥air。
67. 半年后，大卫适应了在新的法律体系中工作，并在工作上取得了很大的进展。
Half a year later, David_________ _________ _________in a new legal system and made great progress in his work.
【答案】 ①. adapted ②. to ③. working
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。adapt to doing sth.适应做某事。根据句中时态可知，为一般过去时。根据句意，故填adapted to working。
68. 社会各界人士都关心着胡鑫宇，在孩子的尸体被发现之前他们一直在帮助警察寻找这失踪的孩子。
People from all walks of life_________ _________ _________Hu Xinyu, and they had been helping the police to look for the missing child by all means before his body was found.
【答案】 ①. were ②. concerned ③. about
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语be concerned about“关心……”，根据下文was found可知，句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语people是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were；concerned；about。
第五部分：写作题(共2节，满分21分)
第一节 句子翻译(共2小题;每小题3分，满分6分)
69. 他们将进一步探索中国，它的独特文化给他们留下深刻印象。(定语从句)(汉译英)
【答案】They will further explore China, whose unique culture makes a deep impression on them.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。分析可知，“他们将进一步探索中国”处理为主句“他们”翻译为they，在句中作主语；“进一步探索”翻译为further explore，为句中谓语动词。“中国”翻译为China，在句中作宾语。“它的独特文化给他们留下深刻印象”处理为非限制性定语从句，句中先行词为China，在非限定性定语从句中作名词“独特文化”unique culture的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。“给……留下深刻印象”用短语make a deep impression on。根据句意，主句用一般将来时。从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。从句主语whose unique culture为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据句意，故翻译为They will further explore China, whose unique culture makes a deep impression on them.
70. 我的英语老师不仅向我推荐了一本经典小说，而且她还教了我如何欣赏它。（not only放句首）（汉译英）
【答案】Not only did my English teacher recommend a classic novel to me, but she also taught me how to appreciate it.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、倒装句、固定句型和动词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，句中涉及固定句型“not only…but also…”，意为“不仅……而且……”，“not only”放句首时，句子要用部分倒装，句首单词首字母大写，助动词“did”提前，“my English teacher”表示“我的英语老师”，“recommend sth. to sb.”意为“向某人推荐某物”，“recommend a classic novel to me”表示“向我推荐了一本经典小说”，“teach sb. how to do sth.”意为“教某人如何做某事”，“teach”的过去式为“taught”，“appreciate”意为“欣赏”，“but she also taught me how to appreciate it”表示“而且她还教了我如何欣赏它”。故翻译为Not only did my English teacher recommend a classic novel to me, but she also taught me how to appreciate it.
2022-2023学年广东省广州市荔湾区协和中学高一下开学测
本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的市(县、区)、学校、姓名、班级、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上，并填涂10位准考证号(考号)。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to the Sydney Opera House
Ticket Info and Guided Tours
Visitors can enjoy the Sydney Opera House’s foyer (前厅) for free, but for a more insightful visit, you’ll need to book a tour.
There are several different ways to experience the Sydney Opera House, and multiple tours are available including back-stage passes and walking tours.
Tour Type
Adult (AUD S)
Child
Guided Walking Tour
$42
$22
Guided Walking Tour+ Dinner
$73
$52
Guided Walking Tour+ Tasting Plate
$82.20
$64.80
Back-stage Tour
$175
$175
Opening Hours and the Best Time to Visit
The Sydney Opera House is open year-round with the following opening hours:
●Monday-Saturday: 9:00 a.m.-8:30 p.m.
●Sunday: 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.
As for the best time of day, it’s recommended to book the earliest Sydney Opera House tour of the day to beat the crowds. To enjoy sunny weather with fewer crowds, try visiting in the shoulder season (October, November, February or March).
Points of Interest
●The Steps
Before entering the Opera House, take a picture of the building from the steps outside.
●The Sails
Step beneath the sails on a guided tour and enjoy harbor front views.
●The Concert Hall
The Concert Hall is the largest venue with seats for more than 2,000 people. It features contemporary live music shows and highly-regarded orchestral (管弦乐的) performances. It is also here that you will find the world’s largest mechanical tracker-action pipe organ.
●Opera Bar
After your tour, head to the Opera Bar for a bite to eat or drink in the sun.
●Badu Gili
Badu Gili, which is “water light” in the language of the Gadigal people, takes place most evenings after sunset at 9:00 p.m., 9:30 p.m., and 10 p.m. The seven-minute display is free to view.
1. How much will a Guided Walking Tour including supper for two adults cost?
A. $73. B. $84. C. $146. D. $164.40.
2. Which of the following is the best time to visit the Opera House with fewer crowds?
A. 9:30 a.m., a Monday in February.
B. 10:00 a.m., a Sunday in December.
C. 5:00 p.m., a Friday in September.
D. 6:00 p.m., a Saturday in March.
3. What is Badu Gili?
A. A local language.
B. A water sport.
C. A light show.
D. A dining area.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于悉尼歌剧院一些活动的广告，介绍了活动、票价最好的参与时间等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个小标题Ticket Info and Guided Tours部分的表格，可知Guided Walking Tour+ Dinner这种旅行方式成人的费用是73澳元，儿童的费用是52澳元。因此由此可知两个成年人需花费146澳元，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据二个小标题Opening Hours and the Best Time to Visit部分的“As for the best time of day, it’s recommended to book the earliest Sydney Opera House tour of the day to beat the crowds.(至于一天中最好的时间，建议预订当天最早的悉尼歌剧院游览，以避开人群)”以及“try visiting in the shoulder season (October, November, February or March)(不妨在平季（10月、11月、2月或3月）去)”可知，最好的参观时间是每天最早的时间，人少的参观月份是：10月、11月、2月或3月。结合选项，A项“二月的一个星期一上午九点半”是最好的参观时间。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Badu Gili, which is “water light” in the language of the Gadigal people, takes place most evenings after sunset at 9:00 p.m., 9:30 p.m., and 10:00 p.m. The seven- minute display is free to view.(Badu Gili，在Gadigal人的语言中是“水光”，通常在日落后的晚上9点、9点半和10点举行。七分钟的展示是免费观看的)”推知，Badu Gili是在晚上进行的灯光表演，故选C。
B
“You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five.” a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted. “Your blood sugars are much too high.” It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world.
I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.
When I was 11 years old, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after I was 15, I had a massive hemorrhage(大出血)in my left eye because of an accident. For the next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to keep my vision. But after one final operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I buried all dreams of painting.
Desperate, I enrolled in(注册)a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired(视力受损). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program as a turning point.
“Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind.” my instructor told me. “You can use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features.” It’s amazing! Hope went up for the first time in years. “By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and PowerPoint.” my instructor added.
For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not only do I have a speaking computer, but I have a speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator.
4. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The right opportunity. B. The children’s hospital.
C. Having too much sugar. D. Losing my sight in the future.
5. What happened when the author was 15 years old?
A. One of his eyes got injured. B. He went blind completely.
C. He gave painting. D. He had many eye operations.
6. What made the author hopeful again?
A. An inspiring speech. B. A meaningful performance.
C. A special program. D. An important interview.
7. What does the author intend to tell us?
A. No pain, no gain. B. Stay positive in the face of life’s difficulties.
C. Everyone is born equal. D. Every man has his price.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的左眼失明，右眼视力严重受损，但作者没有气馁，“一个特殊的课程”给作者带来了一个转折点。文章告诉我们：当一扇门关上时，另一扇门就会打开。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段““You’ll be blind by the time you’re twenty-five.” a doctor at Children’s Hospital predicted. (“到你二十五岁的时候你就会失明，”儿童医院的一位医生预测道。)”可知，医生的预测像乌云一样笼罩在作者的头顶，所以划线词it指的是“以后会失明”。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Precisely three months after I was 25, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血) in my left eye because of an accident.(在我二十五岁生日的三个月后，我的左眼因为一次意外而大出血。)”可知，作者25岁时左眼受伤。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Desperate, I enrolled in (注册) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program as a turning point.(无奈之下，我报名参加了一个为期 16 周的盲人和视障者项目。 我学会了个人调整和使用带有自适应软件的计算机。通过这个项目，我打开了一个全新的世界，这成为我的转折点。)”可知，“一个特殊的课程”给作者带来了一个转折点。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology.(在接下来的几年里，我了解到，当一扇门关闭时，另一扇门就会打开。 通过技术的馈赠，盲人和视障人士有很多选择。)”可推断，作者告诉我们：面对生活中的困难，要积极乐观。故选B。
C
You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you’re not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?
If the decision is up to Carol Dweck, the answer would likely be no. She’s a psychology professor at Stanford University, California. She says a player doesn’t have to be the best to get a trophy. But those who receive an award should have to work for it. She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.
Others say that there’s no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.
“I think we should encourage kids’ participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids’ efforts.”
Barish argues that when we single out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. “Winning is only part of the equation (等式).” Barish told TFK. “Playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”
There will be plenty of opportunities for kids to learn about competition as they get older, says Barish. They’ll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the World Cup and only one football team wins the Super Bowl. For now, he thinks there’s nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.
From my point of veiw, the trophy has to stand for something. If we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value. Trophies should be given for particular reasons, such as improving in a sport, which teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying out best.
8. According to Carol Dweck which player should receive a trophy?
A. Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.
B. David, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.
C. Tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team
D. Jim, a soccer player who tries bis best to win the game.
9. Which of the following statements would Kenneth Barish agree with?
A. There is no sense in giving a trophy to everyone.
B. Kids fond of playing sports should be rewarded.
C. Kids should be given trophies for taking part in a sport
D. There is no need to give kids courage to play a sport.
10. The underlined phrase “single out” in Paragraph 6 probably means “ ”.
A. remember B. stress C. value D. choose
11. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Which one do you agree with? B. Who deserves a trophy?
C. What is a trophy? D. How can kids win a trophy?
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。如果孩子参加体育比赛，那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“She suggests trophies go to the most improved player, or the one who contributed most to the team spirit, as well as to those who play the best.(她建议将奖杯颁发给进步最大的球员，或者对团队精神贡献最大的球员，以及那些表现最好的球员。)”可知，斯坦福大学的心理学教授Carol Dweck认为，进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最佳的运动员都应获奖。A项“Peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.(彼得，他随时准备帮助他的伙伴们进球。)”符合题意。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段““I think we should encourage kids’ participation in sports,” says Kenneth Barish, a psychology professor at Weill Cornell Medical College, in New York City. “A trophy is one way to encourage kids’ efforts.” (“我认为我们应该鼓励孩子们参与体育运动，”纽约市威尔康奈尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish说。“奖杯是鼓励孩子们努力的一种方式。”)”可知，纽约市威尔康乃尔医学院的心理学教授Kenneth Barish认为，我们应该鼓励孩子参加体育活动，颁发奖杯就是一种激励方式。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“we are teaching kids the wrong lesson. We are sending the message that winning is everything. (我们给孩子上了错误的一课。我们传递的信息是，胜利就是一切。)”可知，Barish认为，当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候，我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号：获胜就是一切。因此划线词组single out意为“挑出”。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“You signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season. Sure, you're not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all. Do you deserve a trophy (奖杯)?(你报名参加了足球比赛，参加了本赛季的每一场比赛。当然，你不是队里最好的球员，但大多数时候你都是全力以赴。你应该得到一座奖杯吗?) ”和最后一段中For now, he thinks there's nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners. That means trophies for everyone.(现在，他认为让所有参加体育运动的孩子都感觉自己是赢家并没有什么错。这意味着每个人都有奖杯。)”可知，本文主要论述了是不是每个参加比赛的人都该得到奖杯。由此推知，B项“Who deserves a trophy?(谁应该获得奖杯?) ”符合题意，可以做最佳标题。故选B。
D
The Notre Dame (巴黎圣母院) fire has been put out, but its spire (尖顶) and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore.”
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely through a video game called Assassin’s Creed: Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of making digital models of ancient buildings to save their data dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular, the digital model has great useful value. First, it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics.
Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
12. What can we see about Notre Dame in the game?
A. The damaged Notre Dame. B. Its former look.
C. The big fire. D. Its wooden shape.
13. What will engineers do to create a digital mode of the ancient buildings?
A. Build 3D models of full size. B. Scan the photos of the buildings.
C. Improve the technology needed. D. Measure all the parts exactly.
14. How does the author prove the digital model has value in use?
A. By classification. B. By giving examples.
C. By comparison. D. By listing numbers.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the application of the technology?
A. Negative. B. Doubtful. C. Supportive. D. Uncertain.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运用现代技术的新手段——数字副本——保护建筑文化遗迹，并说明了这种技术的优点。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.(在这个游戏中，玩家可以前往一个又一个城市，进入与现实中完全一样的建筑，并看到火灾前的圣母院 )”可知，我们在这款游戏中可以看到巴黎圣母院原来的样子。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.(通过用激光扫描古建筑、用多重图像建立三维模型以及精确地测量每一件东西，工程师们可以制作出和真实的古建筑一样精确的复制品)”可知，为了创作这个古建筑的复制品，工程师需要精准测量所有的东西，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. (莫高窟虚拟之旅就是一个很好的例子，因为游客可以在不站在附近的情况下观看这些画作 )”和“In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. (2000年，在汉诺举行的世界博览会上，一场虚拟的长城之旅变得非常受欢迎，在这接下来的几年里，增加了参观长城的外国游客的数量)”可推知，作者分别举了莫高窟和长城的虚拟旅行的例子来说明数字拷贝在保护文化遗产方面的重要性，故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.(虽然在未来可能会有更完善的科技，但是目前来看数字技术提供了切实可行的方法来保护建筑文化遗产)”可知，作者认为虽然在未来可能会有更完善的科技，但是目前来看数字技术提供了切实可行的方法来保护建筑文化遗产。由此推知，作者是支持数字技术的应用的。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
California will be the first state to ban the sale and manufacture of new fur products.___16___It will go into effect on January 1, 2023.
California’s fur law was one of several bills designed to prevent cruelty to animals. “California is a leader when it comes to animal protection and today that leadership includes banning the sale of fur, ” said Governor Newsom in a news report. “___17___We are making a statement to the world that beautiful wild animals like bears and tigers have no place on trapeze (高空秋千) wires or jumping through flames.”___18___More than a dozen European countries, including the United Kingdom, Austria, Norway and the Netherlands have also passed laws to limit the fur trade.
____19____“The signing of the ban shows the point that today’s customers simply don’t want wild animals to suffer extreme pain and fear while keeping up with the fashion,” said Kitty Block, president and CEO of The Humane Society of the United States and president of Humane Society International. Not everyone, however, was pleased with the ban. Banning the killing of animals for their fur means killing the fur business, says Hyatt, an owner of a fur store.___20___
Many retailers are also ending fur sales. In mid-October, Macy’s (American’s department store) announced it will stop fur from all its stores by the end of 2020. The stores will also close all fur vaults and salons. Other fashion brands such as Prada, Gucci, Michael Kors and Burberry have taken similar steps in recent years.
A. But we are doing more than that.
B. California is taking the lead in protecting animals.
C. Similar laws have been carried out globally already.
D. And that in turn will leave many people unemployed.
E. Two other California cities had already banned fur sales.
F. Not surprisingly, the ban is welcomed by animal rights activists.
G. The ban applies to clothing, shoes, handbags and other things that contain fur.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了加州通过了一项禁止销售和生产新毛皮产品的法律及对其实施后可能出现的问题的探讨。
【详解】1.结合空白处前“California will be the first state to ban the sale and manufacture of new fur products.”加州将是第一个禁止销售和生产新毛皮产品的州。可以推断，接下来讲述的是这个禁令会应用于哪些产品上。选项G."The ban applies to clothing, shoes, handbags and other things that contain fur."该禁令适用于服装、鞋子、手提包和其它含有毛皮的物品。和文意相符合，故选G。
2.结合本段中“California is a leader when it comes to animal protection and today that leadership includes banning the sale of fur, ”加利福尼亚州在动物保护方面处于领先地位，如今，这一领导地位包括禁止销售毛皮，可知，加州在动物保护方面所做的措施增加了禁止销售毛皮的细节；根据空白处后一句“We are making a statement to the world that beautiful wild animals like bears and tigers have no place on trapeze (高空秋千) wires or jumping through flames.”我们正在向世界宣告，像熊和老虎这样珍贵的野生动物，不应该出现在空中飞人的钢丝上，也不应该在火焰中跳跃。可以推断，空白处论述的是在单纯的禁止销售毛皮措施外，加州也想全世界宣告保护野生动物的重要性。选项A.“But we are doing more than that.”但我们做的远不止这些。符合文意，故选A。
3.结合空白处后一句“More than a dozen European countries, including the United Kingdom, Austria, Norway and the Netherlands have also passed laws to limit the fur trade.”十多个欧洲国家，包括英国，奥地利，挪威和荷兰，也通过了限制毛皮贸易的法律。可以推断，空白处的内容为除了加州之外，还有国家也通过了类似的法律。选项C.“Similar laws have been carried out globally already”.类似的法律已经在全球范围内实施。符合文意，故选C。
4.结合空白处后表示转折的细节“Not everyone, however, was pleased with the ban.”然而，并不是每个人都对禁令感到满意。通过对比可知，本句之前讲述的细节是对于这个禁令赞同的人们。作为段首的句子，应为对赞同作概括。选项F.“Not surprisingly, the ban is welcomed by animal rights activists.”毫不奇怪，这项禁令受到动物权利保护者的欢迎。和空白处后的细节形成呼应。故选F。
5.结合空白处前“Banning the killing of animals for their fur means killing the fur business,”禁止猎杀动物获取毛皮意味着扼杀毛皮生意，可知接下来，作为顺承关系，理应讲到是没有这种生意之后的其他结果，选项D.“And that in turn will leave many people unemployed.”这反过来会导致很多人失业。符合文意，故选D。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
If life were a book and you were the writer, how would you like the story to go? That is the question that____21____my life forever.
One day I went home from the training of snowboarding with what I thought was the flu, and less than 24 hours later, I was in a____22____on life support with less than two percent____23____of living. It wasn’t until days later that the doctors told me I had a serious blood infection. Over the____24____of 2.5 months, I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knees. When my parents____25____me out of the hospital, I felt like that I had been put together like a patchwork(拼缝物) doll and I had to live with____26____legs. I was absolutely physically and emotionally ____27____, tears streaming down.
But I knew in order to move forward, I had to let go of the Old Amy and hug the New Amy. It was at this moment that I asked myself that significant____28____. And that is when it____29____me that I didn’t have to be five-foot-five anymore.______30______I could be as tall as I wanted. And______31______of all, I can make my feet the size of all the shoes. So there were______32______here.
Four months later, I was back upon a snowboard. And this February, I won two Board World Cup gold medals,______33______me the highest ranked snowboarder in the world. So, instead of looking at our______34______and our limitations as something negative or bad, we can begin looking at them as a wonderful______35______that can be used to help us go further than we ever know we could go.
21. A. saved B. changed C. ruined D. risked
22. A. playground B. club C. hospital D. stadium
23. A. chance B. degree C. thought D. decision
24. A. journey B. period C. break D. schedule
25. A. pulled B. dragged C. wheeled D. delivered
26. A. false B. heavy C. beautiful D. muscled
27. A. excited B. fallen C. broken D. worried
28. A. question B. plan C. information D. favor
29. A. knocked into B. occurred to C. depended on D. looked into
30. A. Finally B. Generally C. Instead D. Therefore
31. A. first B. strangest C. luckiest D. best
32. A. benefits B. struggles C. memories D. stories
33. A. allowing B. giving C. making D. calling
34. A. experiments B. achievements C. devotions D. challenges
35. A. ability B. gift C. trip D. skill
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在一场疾病中失去了左耳的听力和双腿，但是作者认为自己可以掌握自己人生的走向，积极生活，从而获得了美好的人生。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个问题永远地改变了我的生活。A. saved拯救； B. changed改变；C. ruined摧毁；D. risked冒险。 下文讲在作者觉得沮丧和崩溃的时候，作者问了自己这个问题，然后让自己糟糕的生活变得好了起来。所以是这个问题永远地改变了作者的生活。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，我结束了单板滑雪训练，回到家，我以为自己得了流感。不到24小时后，我就躺在医院里，靠生命支持系统维持生命，存活的几率不到2%。A. playground操场；B. club俱乐部；C. hospital医院；D. stadium体育馆。根据“on life support”可知，此处是指在医院里。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，我结束了单板滑雪训练，回到家，我以为自己得了流感。不到24小时后，我就躺在医院里，靠生命支持系统维持生命，存活的几率不到2%。A. chance几率；B. degree程度；C. thought想法；D. decision决定。根据“I was in a____2____on life support”可知，此处是指活的几率不到2%。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在两个半月的时间里，我失去了左耳的听力和双腿的膝盖以下。A. journey旅程；B. period时期；C. break休息；D. schedule计划。根据“of 2.5 months”可知，此处是指在两个半月的时间里。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当父母把我推出医院的时候，我感觉自己就像被拼凑起来的一个娃娃，不得不戴着假腿生活。A. pulled拉；B. dragged拽；C. wheeled用轮椅推；D. delivered运输。根据“I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knee.”可知，作者已经无法行走了。所以此处是指父母把作者用轮椅推出医院。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当父母把我推出医院的时候，我感觉自己就像被拼凑起来的一个娃娃，不得不戴着假腿生活。A. false假的；B. heavy沉重的；C. beautiful漂亮的； D. muscled肌肉发达的。根据“I lost the hearing in my left ear and both my legs below the knee.”可知，作者已经没有膝盖以下的腿了，所以不得不戴着假腿生活。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的身体和情感都崩溃了，眼泪不停地流。A. excited激动的；B. fallen落下的；C. broken破碎的；崩溃的；D. worried担心的。根据“tears streaming down.”和前文可知，作者的身体和情感都崩溃了。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我问了自己这个重要的问题。A. question问题； B. plan计划；C. information信息；D. favor支持。根据“And that is when it____9____me that I didn’t have to be five-foot-five anymore.”可知，作者意识到自己的身高问题。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到我不必再保持5英尺5英寸的身高了。A. knocked into撞上；B. occurred to想到； 意识到；C. depended on依靠； D. looked into调查。根据“I didn’t have to be five-foot-five anymore.”可知，这是作者意识到的事情。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我可以想长多高就长多高。A. Finally最终；B. Generally通常；普遍地；C. Instead代替；反而；D. Therefore因此。根据“I could be as tall as I wanted.”可知，相反，作者想长得更高。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最好的是，我可以让我的脚和所有的鞋子一样大。A. first第一的；B. strangest最奇怪的；C. luckiest最幸运的；D .best最好的。根据“I can make my feet the size of all the shoes.”可知，作者可以让作者的脚和所有的鞋子一样大，是作者觉得最好的事。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以这是有好处的。A. benefits好处； B. struggles奋斗； C. memories记忆；D. stories故事。根据“I can make my feet the size of all the shoes.”可知，这是有好处的。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，我获得了两枚单板世界杯金牌，使我成为世界上排名最高的单板运动员。A. allowing允许；B. giving给；C. making使成为；D. calling呼喊。“make +sb.+名词”意为“使某人……成为……”，此处是指获得了两枚单板世界杯金牌这件事使作者成为世界上排名最高的单板运动员。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，不要把我们的挑战和局限看作消极或不好的东西，我们可以开始把它们看作是一种美好的礼物，可以用来帮助我们走得更远，比我们知道我们可以走得更远。A. experiments实验；B. .achievements成就；C .devotions贡献；D. challenges挑战。根据“our limitations”可知，此处是指我们遇到的挑战和困难。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，不要把我们的挑战和局限看作消极或不好的东西，我们可以开始把它们看作是一种美好的礼物，可以用来帮助我们走得更远，比我们知道我们可以走得更远。A. ability能力；B. gift礼物；C. trip旅行；D. skill技巧。根据“that can be used to help us”可知，消极或不好的东西可以把它们看作是一种美好的礼物。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
By far, the most technologically challenging railway ever built was____36____(probable) the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, completed in 2006, which connects Xining to Lhasa. The railway was first planned in the 1950s, but the technical difficulties were too much____37____(overcome). It was not until 1984____38____the first 814-kilometer section of the railway, from Xining to Golmud, was completed.
The biggest issue was the permafrost (冻结带) -frozen earth. In the summer, usually____39____(melt) at a fast speed, the top layer of the permafrost turns to mud, which makes the ground unstable.____40____ (various) of solutions were used to get around this. In some cases, railway bridges____41____(build). In other cases, engineers installed pipes under the ground to keep it frozen during the summer. Finally, in some areas it was impossible to build the railway over the permafrost,____42____ engineers tunneled through it.
It is hoped that the experience of building the Qinghai-Tibet Railway can be used in____43____new project, linking China with Pakistan. This railway will travel 1,000 kilometers____44____the Pamir Mountains, which are nicknamed the Roof of the World. Building such a railway will be undoubtedly a technical challenge. When to start construction on this project____45____(discuss) at present.
【答案】36. probably
37. to overcome
38. that 39. melting
40. Varieties
41. were built
42. so 43. a
44. through
45. is being discussed
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。迄今为止，技术上最具挑战性的铁路可能是2006年完工的青藏铁路，这条铁路连接西宁和拉萨。文章主要介绍了青藏铁路修建所遇到的问题。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：迄今为止，技术上最具挑战性的铁路可能是2006年完工的青藏铁路，这条铁路连接西宁和拉萨。句子的主干为主系表结构，空处作状语，应用所给词的副词形式。故填probably。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这条铁路最初是在20世纪50年代规划的，但技术上的困难太多了，无法克服。此处为句型too... to do... “太……以至于不能做……”，动词不定式作结果状语。故填to overcome。
【38题详解】
考查强调句。句意：直到1984年，从西宁到格尔木的第一个814公里的铁路才完工。去掉It was和设空处句子依然完整，由此可知，此处为强调句：it was not until+被强调部分+ that。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在夏天，通常永久冻土的顶层迅速融化，变成泥浆，使地面变得不稳定。主句中已有谓语动词turns，且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词，melt与逻辑主语the top layer of the permafrost之间为主动关系，此处应用现在分词作状语。故填melting。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：为了解决这个问题，我们采用了各种解决方案。结合句意，此处表示“各种各样”短语为varieties of，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Varieties。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在某些情况下，修建了铁路桥。主语railway bridges与谓语build构成被动关系，结合上文solutions were used to get around this可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语railway bridges是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填were built。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：最后，在一些地区，在永久冻土层上修建铁路是不可能的，所以工程师们在那里挖隧道。结合句意和句子结构，此处应用连词so连接两个有因果关系的并列句。故填so。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：希望青藏铁路的建设经验可以用于一个新项目，连接中国和巴基斯坦。project“项目”为可数名词，此处为泛指，且new是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：这条铁路将穿越被称为“世界屋脊”的帕米尔山脉，全长1000公里。结合句意和句子结构可知，表示“穿越”山脉，应用介词through。故填through。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：目前正在讨论这个项目何时开工。空处为句子谓语动词，主语“When to start construction on this project”为单数概念，且与discuss是被动关系，结合时间状语at present可知，此处表示目前动作正在发生，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being discussed。
第四部分：词汇运用题(共2节，满分29分)
第一节 单词拼写(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
请按照提示及句子意思填写所缺单词，注意应使用B1WU-B2U2所学单词的正确形式，每空只能填一个单词。
46. If you find yourself in danger from a forest fire, first of all, stay___________(镇静的).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】calm
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意： 如果你发现自己处于森林火灾的危险之中，首先要保持冷静。 stay calm保持冷静。根据汉语提示及句意，故填calm。
47. The police came under___________(攻击) from angry crowds, which made it out of control. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attack
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意： 警察受到愤怒人群的攻击，使事态失去控制。under attack遭受攻击。根据汉语提示及句意，故填attack。
48. Rescuers found victims ________ (困住) several feet underground. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】trapped
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：救援人员发现受害者被困在地下几英尺处。动词found后宾语victims与trap之间为动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填trapped。
49. The injured man________ (企图，尝试) to stand up, but failed again and again. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】attempted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：受伤的男子试图站起来，但一次又一次失败。根据句意以及汉语提示，空处应用动词attempt，表示“尝试，企图”，根据句中failed使用过去式形式可知，句子使用一般过去时，空处应用动词的过去式形式attempted。故填attempted。
50. At the party, students talked excitedly,___________ (交换) gifts with each other. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】exchanging
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在聚会上，学生们兴奋地交谈，互相交换礼物。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，动词exchange符合句意，句中已有谓语动词talked，空处应填非谓语动词作状语，exchange和逻辑主语students之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填exchanging。
51. Students were encouraged to take part in the___________(有创意的) writing competition. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】creative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：学生被鼓励参加创意写作比赛。根据汉语提示和句子结构可知，形容词creative符合题意，修饰名词词组writing competition。故填creative。
52. It is ___________(公认) that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognized
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：人们认识到环境污染已成为最严重的问题之一。根据汉语提示“公认”，可知此处应填入动词recognize，形式主语it与recognize之间为动宾关系，谓语动词应使用被动语态形式be done，动词需使用过去分词形式，与助动词is构成被动语态。故填recognized。
53. As time went by, Chinese writing system developed into an art form, known as Chinese___________(书法) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】calligraphy
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，中国的书写系统发展成为一种艺术形式，被称为中国书法。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语，表示“书法”应为calligraphy且为不可数名词。故填calligraphy。
54. The government does not intend to stop the protection programs, since the ___________ (威胁) to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】threats
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：政府不打算停止保护计划，因为对藏羚羊的威胁尚未消失。根据汉语提示“威胁”可知，空格处涉及单词“threat”，意为“威胁”，为可数名词，根据句中“have”可知，空格处应用“threat”的复数形式“threats”，表示一类事物，在句中作主语。故填threats。
55 The government has___________(供给) enough meat and vegetables to the citizens in need. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】supplied
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意： 政府为有需要的市民提供了足够的肉和蔬菜。supply sth. to sb.给某人提供某物。主语The government与supply之间为主动关系，所以has后接动词的过去分词形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填supplied。
56 The cause of the accident is being___________ [ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪtɪd] by the police at present. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】investigated
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：目前警方正在调查事故原因。分析句子结构可知，此处应为现在进行时被动语态，根据提示的音标可知，此处应为investigate意为“调查”，结合句意，investigate与句子主语The cause of the accident构成被动关系，所以此处应为过去分词形式。故填investigated。
57. ___________ [‘ɒbviəsli], the kids are amazed at the new machine and wonder how to operate it(根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】Obviously
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，孩子们对这台新机器感到惊讶，想知道如何操作它。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语，根据提示的音标可知，此处应为obviously意为“显然”符合句意，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Obviously。
58. Cathy’s determination is what her boss___________[əd’maɪə(r)]. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】admires
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意： 凯茜的决心是她老板所欣赏的。分析句子结构可知，表语从句中缺少谓语动词。根据主句时态可知，用一般现在时。从句主语her boss为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据英文提示可知，故填admires。
59. ________ [ θ ru:’a u t] the interview the journalists listened attentively and took notes furiously. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】Throughout
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：此次采访从头到尾，这位记者都一直在认真地倾听，同时飞速地记笔记。根据提示词所给音标以及句意可知，该处应填写表示“自始至终”的介词，与后面的名词interview 共同构成状语，故填Throughout。
60. Yuan Longping, a famous agricultural scientist, has made great___________[.kɒntrɪ’bju:ʃn] to our country. (根据英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】contributions
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：袁隆平，一位著名的农业科学家，为我们国家做出了巨大的贡献。根据音标和句意“贡献”可知，空格处涉及单词“contribution”，意为“贡献”，为可数名词，做出的贡献不止一个，故应用“contribution”的复数形式“contributions”，作宾语。故填contributions。
第二节 完成句子(共28空;每空0.5分，满分14分)
请按照提示及句子意思填写所缺单词，注意应使用B1WU-B2U2所学短语的正确形式，每空只能填一个单词。
61. 由于每天都有许多物种在灭绝，我们必须让人们意识到这个严重的问题，并帮助保护它们。
Since many species are becoming extinct every day, we must_________ _________ _________ _________the serious problem and help protect them.
【答案】 ①. realize ②. the ③. importance ④. of
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。对比中英文句子可知，表达“意识到”可用动词realize，情态动词must后跟动词原形；“……的重要性”表达为the importance of。综上，故填realize；the；importance；of。
62. 这部电影是基于一个真实的历史事件。
The film_________ _________ _________a real historical event
【答案】 ①. is/was ②. based ③. on
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语be based on“基于”，作句子谓语动词，可看作陈述现在的事实用一般现在时，也可看作陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时，主语film是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is/was；based；on。
63. 此时正在采取措施，以防止文化遗产受到破坏。
Measures are being taken to_________cultural heritage_________ _________ _________ .
【答案】 ①. prevent ②. from ③. being ④. damaged/destroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。prevent ... from ... 阻止；防止。名词cultural heritage与damage/destroy之间为被动关系，所以与动名词的被动语态。根据句意，故填prevent；from ；being ；damaged/destroyed。
64. 这个珍贵的花瓶可以追溯到宋朝，是在农民们挖井时偶然发现的。
The precious vase, which_________ _________ _________Song Dynasty, Was discovered quite by accident when the farmers were digging a well.
【答案】 ①. dates ②. back ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语date back to“追溯到……”，作定语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语which指代先行词vase，为第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数形式。故填dates；back；to。
65. 当他在阅读文章中遇到新词时，他总是查字典或从上下文中猜测它们的含义。
When he met new words in articles, he always_________ _________the dictionary or guessed their meanings from the context.
【答案】 ①. referred ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语refer to“参考，查阅”，作主句谓语动词，根据下文并列谓语动词guessed判断此处为一般过去时。故填referred；to。
66. 大地震过后，整个城市成为一片废墟，他们不得不在露天搭建避难所。
After the powerful earthquake, the whole city lay_________ _________and they had to put up shelters_________ _________ _________ _________.
【答案】 ①. in ②. ruins ③. in ④. the ⑤. open ⑥. air
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，“一片废墟”使用in ruins；“露天”使用in the open air。故填①in；②ruins；③in；④the；⑤open；⑥air。
67. 半年后，大卫适应了在新的法律体系中工作，并在工作上取得了很大的进展。
Half a year later, David_________ _________ _________in a new legal system and made great progress in his work.
【答案】 ①. adapted ②. to ③. working
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。adapt to doing sth.适应做某事。根据句中时态可知，为一般过去时。根据句意，故填adapted to working。
68. 社会各界人士都关心着胡鑫宇，在孩子的尸体被发现之前他们一直在帮助警察寻找这失踪的孩子。
People from all walks of life_________ _________ _________Hu Xinyu, and they had been helping the police to look for the missing child by all means before his body was found.
【答案】 ①. were ②. concerned ③. about
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空处涉及固定短语be concerned about“关心……”，根据下文was found可知，句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语people是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填were；concerned；about。
第五部分：写作题(共2节，满分21分)
第一节 句子翻译(共2小题;每小题3分，满分6分)
69. 他们将进一步探索中国，它的独特文化给他们留下深刻印象。(定语从句)(汉译英)
【答案】They will further explore China, whose unique culture makes a deep impression on them.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。分析可知，“他们将进一步探索中国”处理为主句“他们”翻译为they，在句中作主语；“进一步探索”翻译为further explore，为句中谓语动词。“中国”翻译为China，在句中作宾语。“它的独特文化给他们留下深刻印象”处理为非限制性定语从句，句中先行词为China，在非限定性定语从句中作名词“独特文化”unique culture的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。“给……留下深刻印象”用短语make a deep impression on。根据句意，主句用一般将来时。从句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。从句主语whose unique culture为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据句意，故翻译为They will further explore China, whose unique culture makes a deep impression on them.
70. 我的英语老师不仅向我推荐了一本经典小说，而且她还教了我如何欣赏它。（not only放句首）（汉译英）
【答案】Not only did my English teacher recommend a classic novel to me, but she also taught me how to appreciate it.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、倒装句、固定句型和动词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，句中涉及固定句型“not only…but also…”，意为“不仅……而且……”，“not only”放句首时，句子要用部分倒装，句首单词首字母大写，助动词“did”提前，“my English teacher”表示“我的英语老师”，“recommend sth. to sb.”意为“向某人推荐某物”，“recommend a classic novel to me”表示“向我推荐了一本经典小说”，“teach sb. how to do sth.”意为“教某人如何做某事”，“teach”的过去式为“taught”，“appreciate”意为“欣赏”，“but she also taught me how to appreciate it”表示“而且她还教了我如何欣赏它”。故翻译为Not only did my English teacher recommend a classic novel to me, but she also taught me how to appreciate it.
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