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湖南省名校联盟2023届高三英语5月冲刺联考试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份湖南省名校联盟2023届高三英语5月冲刺联考试题（Word版附解析），共26页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15， B 11等内容，欢迎下载使用。
名校联盟·2023届高三5月冲刺压轴大联考
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Find more materials. B. Communicate with others. C. Sign up for an online course.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I just decided to take a French course online. I can study at any time, and get the materials from almost any computer in the world.
M: That is great. But I think communication is also important for learning a foreign language.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which class will the speakers have next Monday?
A. Biology. B. Chemistry. C. English.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The biology class next Monday will be replaced by a chemistry class.
M: That is awful. I’m not prepared for that.
W: Me neither. I wish we could have an English class.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What kind of symptom does the woman have after getting a shot?
A. A sore throat. B. Headaches. C. Muscle pains.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you get vaccinated?
W: I’m still waiting for my second shot.
M: Does this have any side effects? I heard that someone might have symptoms like muscle pains, chills, headaches, or tiredness.
W: Yes, I have a mild symptom—a sore throat. But that doesn’t really matter.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman feel about the man’s idea?
A. Great. B. Serious. C. Unrealistic.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to the party at Carol’s house.
W: You can’t be serious! We’ve got two tests at school tomorrow.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much would it cost to stay at the Swiss Chalet for a week?
A. 100 dollars. B. 115 dollars. C. 126 dollars.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Where are you going on vacation this summer?
W: I’ve heard about a nice place called the Swiss Chalet. It’s 18 dollars a day or 115 dollars a week.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where probably are the speakers?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
7. How will the man pay for the service?
A. By credit card. B. By WeChat Pay. C. In cash.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me. I think I’m ready to go.
W: Yes, can I get anything else for you?
M: No, thanks. I think I’ll just have the check now.
W: Alright. But please keep in mind that we only take cash.
M: Oh no, I only have my credit card. Don’t you accept any online payment like WeChat Pay?
W: No, sir. But there is an ATM right next door.
M: OK. I’ll get some money.
W: That’s fine. I’ll give you the check when you come back.
M: All right. Thanks so much.
W: No problem. I hope you enjoyed your meal.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What mainly causes the woman’s retirement?
A. Her age. B. Her injury. C. Her kid.
9. How does the woman feel about giving up dancing in public?
A. Sad. B. Satisfied. C. Hesitant.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: So, Maria, is it true you’re going to retire soon?
W: Yes. I’m going to be thirty-five soon, so it’s getting harder and harder for me physically, and I’m still recovering from that last back injury I had. But the main reason’s that I need to spend time with my little boy. He’s only two and he’s growing up so fast. I don’t want to miss it.
M: So you don’t enjoy being on tour any more?
W: It’s not that I don’t enjoy. It’s just not practical anymore. It’ll actually break my heart to give up dancing in public.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10 What is the probable relationship between Carol and Leo?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesperson and customer.
11. What does Leo probably want to buy?
A. A sofa. B. A cupboard. C. Office supplies.
12. What will Carol do next?
A. Go shopping. B. Attend a meeting. C. Make a phone call.
【答案】10. B 11. C 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Leo and I need a lot of stuff to furnish our house, but we don’t know where to buy the things. Could you give me some advice, David?
M: Sure, Carol. What kind of things do you need?
W: Well, we have most of the furniture already, like a sofa, a dinner table, a cupboard, and beds. But Leo wants to use the small bedroom as an office.
M: As for Leo, he should go to an office supply store. There’s a very good one called Office Depot. It has everything he will need and the prices are reasonable.
W: Thanks. I will call Leo later and tell him to pick me up after work. Oh, it’s time for our meeting. Let’s go right now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. How much did the man pay for the return ticket?
A. $20. B. $30. C. $40.
14. How did the man get his ticket today?
A. From the ticket office. B. From the ticket machine. C. From the Internet.
15 What does the man say about the train?
A. It was late today. B. It’s improved a lot. C. It serves expensive food and drinks.
16. What was the man satisfied with today?
A. The ticketing service. B. The train schedule. C. The network signal.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I ask what kind of ticket you bought? I assume it wasn’t a season ticket.
M: That’s right. No, I just got a normal return ticket. I don’t have a rail card so I didn’t get any discount.
W: Yes, you’d have saved 40% on your ticket today. The single ticket is $20. So you paid the full price for your return ticket?
M: I paid $30.
W: Do you usually buy your tickets at the station?
M: Well, I do usually but the ticket office closes early and I hate using ticket machines. I think ticket offices should be open for longer hours. There’s always a queue for the machines and they’re often out of order. So I got an e-ticket online.
W: And, is there anything you weren’t satisfied with?
M: Well, normally, the trains run on time and are pretty reliable but today there was a delay; the train was about 15 minutes behind schedule.
W: What would you say you were satisfied with today?
M: Well, I like the Wi-Fi on the train. It’s improved a lot. It makes it easier for me to work if I want to. And the food and drinks are cheaper than before.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What should the listeners bring on Monday?
A. Jacket. B. Sandwiches. C. Drinks.
18. What will the listeners do on Tuesday?
A. Bike to the top of Mount Lama.
B. Enjoy the fantastic views.
C. Cycle back to the camp.
19. When can the listeners make a purchase?
A. On Wednesday morning.
B. On Wednesday afternoon.
C. On Thursday evening.
20. Who is this speech probably intended for?
A. Music lovers. B. Astronomers. C. Tourists.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. Now I’ll tell you about our trips. On Monday, you will have a forest walk. It’s a guided walk of about seven kilometers. There’ll be a stop halfway, and you’ll be provided with a drink and sandwiches. There are some fairly steep climbs up the hills, so you need to be reasonably fit for this one and bring a waterproof jacket in case it rains. Then on Tuesday we organize a cycle trip, which will give you all the fun of biking without the effort. We will take you and your bike up to the top of Mount Lama, and leave you to bike back to the camp. On Wednesday you’ll be taken to a factory where jewelry is made. If you want, you can buy some of the souvenirs but that’s entirely up to you. The trip starts after lunch, and you’ll return by 6 p.m. On Thursday we can offer trips to the observatory for those who are interested in astronomy. And you’ll be shown the huge telescopes and an expert will explain how they work.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some Internet Buzzwords of 2022
The chosen laborers
Derived from the Chinese term da gong ren which means “laborers” or “working people”, “the chosen laborers” refer to those who stay healthy during the pandemic, allowing them to go to work every day.
Begone
In a viral video, a woman in a parking argument was caught on camera, stomping (跺) her feet, waving her arms and repeatedly telling the other person to “begone”. The odd repetition of the Chinese term tui reminded many people of a traditional ceremony to ward off evil spirits, and the woman’s words quickly became an incantation (咒语) to protect users from bad luck or misfortune.
I have nothing to say
Literally meaning “thank you so much”, the term is now ironically used by Chinese social media users to express “being speechless”. They originally created “栓Q” to joke about the English accent of Liu Tao, a farmer who claims to be a self-taught English enthusiast on Douyin. Liu has accumulated over 2.6 million followers by sharing videos about his hometown in Guilin, in Chinese and English.
Online mouth double
Many netizens find it hard to express themselves clearly. So when they find someone who has spoken out on an issue they care about in a more persuasive way online—such as on a talk show, in a media interview, or in an online comment—they call them their hu lian wang zui ti, or “online mouth double”, as a way to express agreement and appreciation.
Cyber pickle
Just like Zha cai, or pickled vegetables, a side dish on Chinese dinner tables, cyber pickle is the perfect televised comfort food to accompany any meal. Ranging from scene plays like Friends to various short videos, cyber pickle is the embodiment (体现，化身) of empty calories.
21. What can the Chinese term tui make people think of?
A. An old ceremony to prevent evil spirits.
B. A way to escape from severe epidemic.
C. A condition to keep healthy during the pandemic.
D. A religious ceremony that can prevent people from bad luck.
22. Nowadays, the term “I have nothing to say” is designed to ______.
A. express thanks B. embody empty calories
C. convey “being speechless” D. joke about the English accent of Liu Tao
23. Which of the following can best describe that the views on ChatGPT posted on the Internet by Smith are well received?
A. The chosen laborers B. Online mouth double
C. I have nothing to say D. Cyber pickle
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了2022年的网络流行语。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Begone部分的“The odd repetition of the Chinese term tui reminded many people of a traditional ceremony to ward off evil spirits, and the woman’s words quickly became an incantation (咒语) to protect users from bad luck or misfortune.(中文“退”这个词的奇怪重复让很多人想起了一种传统的辟邪仪式，这名女子的话很快就成为了一种咒语，可以保护使用者免受厄运或不幸。)”可知，中文“退”这个词会让人想到一个古老的仪式，以防止邪恶的灵魂。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据I have nothing to say部分的“Literally meaning “thank you so much”, the term is now ironically used by Chinese social media users to express “being speechless”.(这个词的字面意思是“非常感谢”，现在被中国社交媒体用户讽刺地用来表示“无语”。)”可知，“I have nothing to say”这个词的目的是传达“无语”，故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Online mouth double部分的“So when they find someone who has spoken out on an issue they care about in a more persuasive way online—such as on a talk show, in a media interview, or in an online comment—they call them their hu lian wang zui ti, or “online mouth double”, as a way to express agreement and appreciation.(因此，当他们发现有人在网上以一种更有说服力的方式就他们关心的问题发表意见时，比如在脱口秀、媒体采访或网上评论中，他们就称他们为“网络口舌达人”，作为表达赞同和感激的一种方式。)”可知，最好地描述史密斯在互联网上发表的关于ChatGPT的观点受到欢迎的是Online mouth double，故选B。
B
The South African town Hamburg is situated by one of the most beautiful estuaries (河口) in the Eastern Cape. It’s known for its rich Xhosa culture. It is also home to a group of women who have produced a series of extraordinary artworks that have been exhibited around the world.
Keiskamma Art Project was created to teach local women embroidery (刺绣) skills to help them at a tough time economically and socially, but unexpectedly it has grown into something much bigger. Having been shown at international art galleries, many of their tapestries (挂毯) are now being displayed under one roof for the first time, at an exhibition in Johannesburg.
Their story began in 2000, when Dr. Carol Hofmeyr moved from Johannesburg to Hamburg. She found that the town was struggling with high unemployment and that local women were desperate to find ways to feed their families. Having studied embroidery herself, she hoped that passing on that knowledge to local women would help empower them.
From humble beginnings, more and more women heard about the project through word of mouth. Now, over 150 women are part of the project. Selling their works provides a source of income, but the project has also created a support system for the women.
Initially, the women started out simply creating cushions (坐垫) and small handbags to sell to tourists. Eventually, they started receiving tasks for larger pieces. They were given panels about a meter in size to work on at home. By joining the completed panels together, they created the first of their large works and one of their most celebrated, “The Keiskamma Tapestry”, which tells the history of the Xhosa people who were subjugated (征服) through colonization and the Xhosa British Frontier Wars from 1776 to 1876.
Another celebrated piece is “The Keiskamma Altarpiece”, which was produced by 130 women. The four-meter-high, four-meter-wide piece reveals the struggles that elderly Xhosa women endured when the youth in their community were hit by HIV two decades ago, and they stepped in to care for children.
Recent artworks engage with contemporary issues. “COVID Resilience Tapestry” deals with the pandemic; “A New Earth and Our Sacred Ocean” is a call for environmental consciousness.
24. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To inform readers of the situation. B. To bring in the topic of the text.
C. To introduce an ancient culture. D. To promote the local artworks.
25. What is beyond people’s expectation for Keiskamma Art Project?
A. It helps a lot of women. B. It gains international fame.
C. It helps develop local economy. D. It sponsors an exhibition in Johannesburg.
26. Which of the following can best describe the process of making “The Keiskamma Tapestry”?
A. Historical. B. Game-changing. C. Cooperative. D. Time-consuming.
27. What do we know about “The Keiskamma Altarpiece”?
A. It shows the Xhosa people’s sufferings. B. It reflects on some contemporary issues.
C. It covers some pandemic-related content. D. It aims to arouse the environmental awareness.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲南非Hamburg小镇因科萨文化而闻名，当地的女士们通过制作一些工艺品度过生活难关。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The South African town Hamburg is situated by one of the most beautiful estuaries (河口) in the Eastern Cape. It’s known for its rich Xhosa culture. It is also home to a group of women who have produced a series of extraordinary artworks that have been exhibited around the world.(南非小镇汉堡坐落在东开普省最美丽的河口之一。它以其丰富的科萨文化而闻名。这里也是一群女性的家，她们创作了一系列非凡的艺术品，并在世界各地展出)”可知，第一段的目的是引入文章的主题。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Keiskamma Art Project was created to teach local women embroidery (刺绣) skills to help them at a tough time economically and socially, but unexpectedly it has grown into something much bigger.( Keiskamma艺术项目的创建是为了教授当地妇女刺绣技能，以帮助她们度过经济和社会困难时期，但意想不到的是，它已经发展成了一个更大的项目)”可知，Keiskamma艺术项获得了国际声誉超出了人们的期望。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“By joining the completed panels together, they created the first of their large works and one of their most celebrated, “The Keiskamma Tapestry”, which tells the history of the Xhosa people who were subjugated (征服) through colonization and the Xhosa British Frontier Wars from 1776 to 1876.(通过将完成的面板连接在一起，他们创造了他们的第一个大型作品，也是他们最著名的作品之一，“Keiskamma Tapestry”，它讲述了科萨人在1776年至1876年的殖民统治和科萨英国边境战争中被征服的历史)”可知，制作“凯思卡玛挂毯”的过程是互相合作的。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“The four-meter-high, four-meter-wide piece reveals the struggles that elderly Xhosa women endured when the youth in their community were hit by HIV two decades ago, and they stepped in to care for children.(这件四米高，四米宽的作品揭示了二十年前，当科萨族的年轻人感染艾滋病毒时，年长的科萨妇女所忍受的斗争，她们挺身而出照顾孩子)”可知，The Keiskamma Altarpiece展示了科萨人民的苦难。故选A。
C
Photosynthesis (光合作用) is a unique skill of green plants—they turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and food via sunlight. A group of Chinese scientists, however, have “copied” the process on animals.
To understand the new breakthrough, it is important to know how photosynthesis works. Plants take in carbon dioxide and water from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose (葡萄糖). The plant then releases the oxygen back into the air and stores energy within the glucose molecules.
In the study, the researchers from Zhejiang University developed an independent and controllable photosynthetic system, according to the study published in Nature in early December, 2022. They separated thylakoids (内囊体), a part of the cell where light reactions take place in plants, from young spinach (菠菜) leaves. The scientists then wrapped the thylakoids with the cover of animal cells, which made the implanted thylakoids more acceptable to foreign bodies. The mice used in the study were suffering from arthritis (骨关节炎), meaning cells in their cartilage (软骨) had degenerated and could not be repaired by themselves. With the thylakoids implanted into the mice and exposed to light, the mice recovered. Their metabolism (新陈代谢) returned to normal. In arthritis, patients usually have energy loss since fewer energy-carrying molecules are generated. The implant, however, can correct the imbalance by storing more energy via photosynthesis. The researchers also claimed that their tests would have medical usage. It can be used as part of the solution for degenerative diseases because the natural photosynthesis system may repair cells. It may also delay the aging process in cells.
The study showed “an exciting achievement that opens up possibilities of metabolism engineering,” commented one of the paper’s reviewers Francisco Cejudo, from the University of Seville in Spain, reported Xinhua.
28. What does the study focus on?
A. Whether photosynthesis works on animals.
B. How photosynthesis prevents degenerative diseases.
C. Why degenerative diseases are harmful.
D. What the scientists have done for the metabolism engineering.
29. What does the underlined word “degenerated” probably mean?
A. Engaged. B. Infected. C. Worsened. D. Reproduced.
30 What can we learn from the text?
A The study has greatly facilitated metabolism engineering.
B. Energy loss partially accounts for degenerative diseases.
C. The tests succeed in undergoing clinical trials.
D. The implant can generate more energy.
31. What does the paper reviewer think of the tests?
A. They are inefficient. B. They are demanding.
C. They are unfounded. D. They are promising.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一个中国科学团队在动物身上“复制”了植物所特有的光合作用的全过程。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Photosynthesis (光合作用) is a unique skill of green plants—they turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and food via sunlight. A group of Chinese scientists, however, have “copied” the process on animals.(光合作用是绿色植物的一项独特技能——它们通过阳光将水和二氧化碳转化为氧气和食物。然而，一组中国科学家在动物身上“复制”了这一过程)”可知，本次研究主要聚焦在植物身上发生的光合作用是否也对动物产生相应的影响，故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“and could not be repaired by themselves(而且无法自行修复)”可知，这些小鼠的软骨细胞已经退变、老化，无法自行修复。故划线词意思是“变差”。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In arthritis, patients usually have energy loss since fewer energy-carrying molecules are generated. The implant, however, can correct the imbalance by storing more energy via photosynthesis.(如果患有骨关节炎，由于新生的载能分子较少，患者通常会产生能量损失。然而，植入的类囊体可以通过光合作用储存更多能量，扭转这一失衡状态)”可推知，能量损失部分解释了退行性疾病。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study showed “an exciting achievement that opens up possibilities of metabolism engineering,” commented one of the paper’s reviewers Francisco Cejudo, from the University of Seville in Spain, reported Xinhua.(据新华社报道，来自西班牙塞维利亚大学的论文审稿人Francisco Cejudo评论说，这项研究显示了“一项令人兴奋的成就，开辟了代谢工程的可能性”)”可知，这是一项令人兴奋的成就，开辟了代谢工程的可能性，故选D。
D
There’s no single known cause for autism (自闭症), but researchers now point the finger at higher lithium (锂) levels in drinking water. Their new study found that pregnant women in Denmark whose household tap water had higher levels of lithium were more likely to have kids with autism, compared to pregnant women living in areas where tap water had lower levels of this element.
“Maternal prenatal (妊娠期) exposure to lithium from naturally occurring drinking water sources in Denmark was associated with an increased autism spectrum disorder risk in the offspring,” said study author Dr. Beate Ritz, a professor of neurology. “This suggests a potential fetal neurotoxicity (神经毒性) of lithium exposure from drinking water that needs to be further investigated.”
For this latest study, researchers analyzed lithium levels from about half of the country’s water supply. When the investigators compared children with autism to those without this developmental disorder, they found that when lithium levels increased, so did the risk of autism.
Kids born to moms who lived in areas with the highest lithium levels in the water were 46% more likely to be diagnosed with autism than those born in areas with the lowest amount of lithium in drinking water, the study showed. Lithium levels increased the risk for all types of autism in this study.
Lithium leaches into drinking water from soil and rocks, but these levels could rise in the future from waste in lithium batteries. While more research is needed to confirm this association, Ritz suggested using filtered water and testing it for lithium levels while pregnant. Bottled water isn’t necessarily the answer. “A lot of bottled water is not tested either,” she said. “Some bottled water is just filled up from regular drinking water sources.”
Dr. Max Wiznitzer, director of the Rainbow Autism Center, urged caution before jumping to conclusions, though. “It’s an interesting association, but causation is definitely not proven,” Wiznitzer told CNN. “We have to see if there’s a workable and biologically plausible (似乎合理的) mechanism by which a small amount of lithium in the water supply can somehow do this, yet pharmacologic (药理学) dosing of lithium in women with bipolar disorder has not been reported to be causing increased risk of ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder).”
32. What might cause women in Denmark to have kids with autism?
A. Lower levels of lithium in tap water. B. Higher lithium levels in drinking water.
C. Maternal prenatal exposure to neurotoxicity. D. Naturally occurring drinking water sources.
33. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5?
A. The risk of autism declined with lithium levels increasing.
B. Lithium in drinking water mainly came from lithium batteries.
C. Kids were 46% more likely to be diagnosed with autism than moms.
D. Bottled water could not be always safely used for its lack of filtering and testing.
34. What is Max Wiznitzer’s attitude towards the findings?
A. Favourable. B. Shocked. C. Cautious. D. Indifferent.
35. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Lithium in Water Supply Linked to Uptick in Autism Risk
B. Lithium in Drinking Water Did Harm to Mental Health
C. Lithium in Drinking Water Decreased the Risk of ASD
D. Lithium in Water Supply Linked to the Chance of Pregnancy
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了饮用水里的锂元素在一定程度上与自闭症相关联。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Their new study found that pregnant women in Denmark whose household tap water had higher levels of lithium were more likely to have kids with autism, compared to pregnant women living in areas where tap water had lower levels of this element.(他们的新研究发现，与生活在自来水中锂含量较低地区的孕妇相比，丹麦家庭自来水中锂含量较高的孕妇更有可能生下患有自闭症的孩子)”可知，饮用水中锂含量较高可能导致丹麦女性生下患有自闭症的孩子。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““A lot of bottled water is not tested either,” she said. “Some bottled water is just filled up from regular drinking water sources.”(“很多瓶装水也没有经过检测，”她说。“一些瓶装水只是从常规饮用水源中灌装的。”)”可推知，由于缺乏过滤和检测，瓶装水不能总是安全使用。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Max Wiznitzer, director of the Rainbow Autism Center, urged caution before jumping to conclusions, though. “It’s an interesting association, but causation is definitely not proven,” Wiznitzer told CNN.(不过，彩虹自闭症中心主任Max Wiznitzer博士敦促，在下结论之前要谨慎。“这是一个有趣的联系，但因果关系绝对没有得到证实，”维茨尼策告诉CNN)”可推知，Max Wiznitzer对这些发现的态度是谨慎的。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“There’s no single known cause for autism (自闭症), but researchers now point the finger at higher lithium (锂) levels in drinking water. Their new study found that pregnant women in Denmark whose household tap water had higher levels of lithium were more likely to have kids with autism, compared to pregnant women living in areas where tap water had lower levels of this element.(目前还没有一个已知的自闭症原因，但研究人员现在将矛头指向饮用水中锂含量过高。他们的新研究发现，与生活在自来水中锂含量较低地区的孕妇相比，丹麦家庭自来水中锂含量较高的孕妇更有可能生下患有自闭症的孩子)”结合文章主要说明了饮用水中的锂元素可能增加自闭症的风险，A选项“供水中的锂与自闭症风险上升有关”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting older involves changes in all realms of life, from the physical to the mental, to the social, emotional, sexual, and more. Ideally, you’ll have already been practicing healthy habits throughout your life. But even if you haven’t, it’s never too late to start taking active steps to maintain and even improve your health. Adopting even a few of the habits will start you on the right track.
____36____ According to Medline Plus, exercising regularly can improve your balance, help keep you mobile, improve your mood by reducing feelings of anxiety and depression, and contribute to better cognitive functioning. ____37____ Any exercise at all is better than none. CDC recommends 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week; you can further break this down into 30 active minutes a day for five days a week.
One article found that participants who reported higher levels of social activity were more likely to experience more positive moods, fewer negative feelings, and higher levels of physical activity. If you don’t currently have an active social life, look for opportunities to reconnect with old friends or make new ones. ____38____
Regular checkups with your doctor are opportunities to catch problems early and treat them before they become bigger problems. If you are experiencing memory or mobility issues, or have been recently hospitalized, you may want to schedule an appointment with geriatricians (老年病学专家). ____39____ Following an initial consultation, they can help you create a care plan tailored to your needs.
It may seem like a no-brainer, but it bears repeating that you should always take any medication prescribed to you exactly as directed by your doctor. However, it’s also worth doing a periodic medication review with your primary care doctor to discuss whether all of your prescriptions are still necessary. ____40____
A. It’s also an important part of managing some chronic diseases.
B. They specialize in the care and treatment of older people.
C. Keep in mind that your pharmacist is another resource for information.
D. Seek out like-minded others that corresponds to an interest of yours.
E. Keeping physically active can help reduce many of the effects of aging.
F. Feeling constantly exhausted or depressed is not normal at any age.
G. It’s important to know what’s normal for your body as you age.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着年龄的增大，我们该如何保持健康、幸福的生活状态。第一段提出话题，后面四段提出具体的方法和建议。
【36题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“According to Medline Plus, exercising regularly can improve your balance, help keep you mobile, improve your mood by reducing feelings of anxiety and depression, and contribute to better cognitive functioning.(根据Medline Plus，定期锻炼可以改善你的平衡，帮助你保持移动，通过减少焦虑和抑郁的感觉来改善你的情绪，并有助于更好的认知功能)”可知，本段主要讲述了身体锻炼来减少许多衰老的影响，所以E项“Keeping physically active can help reduce many of the effects of aging.(保持体力活动可以帮助减少许多衰老的影响)”符合文意。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“According to Medline Plus, exercising regularly can improve your balance, help keep you mobile, improve your mood by reducing feelings of anxiety and depression, and contribute to better cognitive functioning.(根据Medline Plus，定期锻炼可以改善你的平衡，帮助你保持移动，通过减少焦虑和抑郁的感觉来改善你的情绪，并有助于更好的认知功能)”可知，此处是讲述，身体锻炼的好处，所以A项“It’s also an important part of managing some chronic diseases.(它也是控制一些慢性疾病的重要组成部分)”符合文意，其中的it代指身体锻炼，在讲述身体锻炼的好处。故选A项。
【38题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“One article found that participants who reported higher levels of social activity were more likely to experience more positive moods, fewer negative feelings, and higher levels of physical activity. If you don’t currently have an active social life, look for opportunities to reconnect with old friends or make new ones.(一篇文章发现，报告社交活动水平较高的参与者更有可能体验到更多的积极情绪，更少的负面情绪，以及更高水平的体育活动。如果你目前没有活跃的社交生活，寻找机会与老朋友重新联系或结交新朋友)”可知，本段主要讲述，通过积极的社交来减少许多衰老的影响，所以D项“Seek out like-minded others that corresponds to an interest of yours.(寻找与你兴趣相投的人)”是对前文的总结。故选D项。
【39题详解】
根据前文“If you are experiencing memory or mobility issues, or have been recently hospitalized, you may want to schedule an appointment with geriatricians.(如果你正在经历记忆或行动问题，或者最近住院，你可能想要预约老年医生)”以及后文“Following an initial consultation, they can help you create a care plan tailored to your needs.(在初步咨询之后，他们可以帮助您制定适合您需求的护理计划)”可知，此处是在讲述老年医生的作用，所以B项“They specialize in the care and treatment of older people.(他们专门照顾和治疗老年人)”符合文意。故选B项。
【40题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“It may seem like a no-brainer, but it bears repeating that you should always take any medication prescribed to you exactly as directed by your doctor. However, it’s also worth doing a periodic medication review with your primary care doctor to discuss whether all of your prescriptions are still necessary.(这似乎是显而易见的，但值得重复的是，你应该始终按照医生的指示服用任何药物。然而，与你的初级保健医生定期进行药物检查，讨论你的所有处方是否仍然是必要的，也是值得的)”可知，此处是在讲述和你的各种医生保持沟通，所以C项“Keep in mind that your pharmacist is another resource for information.(记住，你的药剂师是另一个信息来源)”符合文意。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I teach economics at UNLV three times per week. Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I cheerfully asked my students how their ____41____ had been. One young man said that his weekend had not been so good. He had his wisdom teeth ____42____. The young man then proceeded to ask me why I always seemed to be so ____43____.
His question reminded me of something I’d read somewhere before: “Every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to ____44____ life that day,” I said. “I choose to be cheerful.”
“Let me give you an example,” I continued, ____45____ all sixty students in the class. “In addition to teaching here at UNLV, I also teach out at the community college in Henderson, 17 miles down the ____46____ from where I live. One day a few weeks ago, I drove those 17 miles to Henderson. I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive. I only had to drive ____47____ quarter mile down the road to the college. But just then my car died. I tried to start it again, but the engine wouldn’t ____48____. So I put my flashers on, ____49____ my books, and marched down the road to the college.
“As soon as I got there I called AAA and arranged for a tow truck to meet me at my car after class. The ____50____ in the Provost’s office asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day,” I smiled. She was puzzled.
“My car broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here. If my car was ____51____ to break down today, it couldn’t have been arranged in a more ____52____ fashion,” I added. The secretary’s eyes opened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and headed for class. So ended my story.
I ____53____ the sixty faces in my economics class at UNLV. Despite the early hour, no one seemed to be ____54____. Somehow, my story had touched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the story at all. In fact, it had all started with a student’s ____55____ that I was cheerful.
41. A. task B. weekend C. class D. sleep
42. A. removed B. planted C. brightened D. abandoned
43. A. thoughtful B. grateful C. delightful D. cheerful
44. A. approach B. sustain C. enjoy D. lengthen
45. A. monitoring B. questioning C. addressing D. inquiring
46. A. district B. street C. freeway D. path
47. A. other B. another C. certain D. extra
48. A. turn into B. turn out C. turn away D. turn over
49. A. grabbed B. left C. hid D. covered
50. A. consultant B. secretary C. minister D. assistant
51. A. supposed B. thought C. meant D. committed
52. A. considerable B. valid C. convenient D. intentional
53 A. inspected B. scanned C. observed D. saw
54. A. asleep B. alike C. available D. active
55. A. proposal B. faith C. emphasis D. observation
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从一个经济学老师的角度讲述了自己快乐面对生活的故事。老师的行动深深感染了身边的同事和学生。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，一开始上课，我就兴致勃勃地问学生们周末过得怎么样。A. task任务；B. weekend周末；C. class课；D. sleep睡眠。根据后文“One young man said that his weekend had not been so good.”可知，作者问的是周末过得怎么样。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拔掉了智齿。A. removed移开；B. planted栽种；C. brightened照亮；D. abandoned离弃。根据上句“One young man said his weekend had not been so good.”他认为假期过得的不够好。因为他拔掉了智齿，这当然是令他感到不快。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻人接着问我，为什么我总是显得那么高兴。A. thoughtful周到的；B. grateful感激的；C. delightful使人快乐的；D. cheerful快乐的。根据上文“I cheerfully asked my students how their 1 had been.”可知这里学生问老师为什么总是很开心。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，当你起床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活。A. approach 着手处理；B. sustain维持；C. enjoy享受；D. lengthen变长。根据后文“I choose to be cheerful.”可知，此处是“如何对待这一天的生活”之意。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我给你们举个例子，”我继续说道，面向全班60名学生。A. monitoring监视；B. questioning提问；C. addressing向…说话；D. inquiring调查。根据前文“Let me give you an example”可知，是作者向60名学生讲话。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在拉斯维加斯大学教书，我还在亨德森的社区大学教书，那里离我家有17英里的高速公路。A. district地区；B. street大街；C. freeway高速公路；D. path路径。根据后文“I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive.”可知，是17英里的高速公路。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只需要沿着这条路再开四分之一英里就到了大学。A. other其他的；B. another再一个；C. certain肯定；D. extra额外的。根据前文“One day a few weeks ago, I drove those 17 miles to Henderson. I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive.”可知，作者已开了17英里的高速公路，来到了大学路，所以此处是表达“再开四分之一英里就到了大学”之意。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我试着再发动一次，但引擎转不起来。A. turn into变成；B. turn out发生；C. turn away拒绝…进入；D. turn over翻转。根据前文“But just then my car died.”可知，作者的车坏了，所以是引擎转不起来。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我戴上闪光灯，抓起书本，沿着通往大学的路走去。A. grabbed抓住；B. left离开；C. hid隐蔽；D. covered遮盖。根据前文“In addition to teaching here at UNLV, I also teach out at the community college in Henderson”可知，作者是在亨德森教书，所以此处应是“抓起书本，沿着通往大学的路走去”。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：教务长办公室的秘书问我发生了什么事。A. consultant顾问；B. secretary秘书；C. minister部长；D. assistant助理。根据后文“The secretary’s eyes opened wide, and then she smiled.”可知，是秘书问作者发生了什么事。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. supposed认为；B. thought认为；C. meant打算，注定；D. committed保证。根据前文“My car broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here.”可知，作者的车坏了，他认为是在完美的地方坏的，所以此处是在解释为什么，所以此处是在表达“如果车注定今天要抛锚的话”之意。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. considerable值得注意的；B. valid有效的；C. convenient便利的；D. intentional故意的。根据前文“My car broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here.”可知，作者的车坏了，他认为是在完美的地方坏的，所以说是最便利的地方。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我扫视了一下拉斯维加斯大学经济学课上的60张面孔。A. inspected检查；B. scanned扫视；C. observed注意到；D. saw看见。根据后文“Despite the early hour, no one seemed to be 14 .”可知，作者在看学生们的状态，所以是扫视学生们。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管时间还早，但似乎没有人睡着。A. asleep睡着的；B. alike相像；C. available可获得的；D. active活跃的。根据前文“Despite the early hour”以及“I 13 the sixty faces in my economics class at UNLV”可知，作者扫视了自己的学生，根据常识，应是看有没有人睡觉。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现我很开朗。A. proposal提议；B. faith信仰；C. emphasis强调；D. observation观察。根据前文“The young man then proceeded to ask me why I always seemed to be so 3 .”可知，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现作者很开朗。故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the remote Chinese village of Caizhai, a series of wooden pavilions step down a slope next to a babbling (流水潺潺) brook. Through big picture windows, day-trippers look inside, ____56____ (watch) big barrels of soya make the journey from bean to tofu.
Before this facility was built in 2018, families would produce small batches in their home workshops. However, ____57____ the conditions didn’t meet the food safety standards for the tofu to be sold in supermarkets, they struggled ____58____ (make) a living. Fortunately, with a new village cooperative running this purpose-built factory, they are processing 100 kg of soybeans a day and selling the ____59____ (improve) product to the cities. Visitors to Caizhai have increased 20-fold, creating demand ____60____ further cafes, guesthouses and related businesses nearby.
“We have tried to make something ____61____ restores the villagers’ pride in their local identity, as well as creating a local economic network,” says Xu Tiantian, ____62____ (found) of DnA.
Over the last seven years, Xu has been working with county leaders to build new facilities around the region. “Since we began, over 600 people ____63____ (return) to Songyang to start new businesses,” says Xu.
The fate of the Chinese countryside has been under the spotlight since the new national priority of “comprehensive rural ____64____(revive)” was declared. The past two decades of uncontrollable city-building in China have led to “rural hollowing (农村空心化)”, with working-age adults flocking to the cities. The focus is now on arousing motivations for _____65_____ return.
【答案】56. watching
57. as##because
58. to make
59. improved
60. for 61. that
62. founder
63. have returned
64. revival
65. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。在新成立的村级合作社的用心经营下，蔡宅村的豆腐产业蓬勃发展，乡村振兴战略卓有成效。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过大落地窗，一日游的游客可以看到里面，看到大桶的大豆从大豆变成豆腐。分析句子结构可知watching与逻辑主语day-trippers构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填watching。
【57题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：然而，由于条件不符合豆腐在超市销售的食品安全标准，他们很难谋生。引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为”应用as或because。故填as/because。
【58题详解】
考查动词搭配。句意：然而，由于条件不符合豆腐在超市销售的食品安全标准，他们很难谋生。短语struggle to do sth.表示“努力做某事”。故填to make。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，这家专门建造的工厂由一个新的乡村合作社经营，他们每天加工100公斤大豆，并将改良后的产品销售到城市。分析句子结构可知improve与逻辑主语product构成被动关系，故用过去分词作前置定语。故填improved。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：到蔡宅的游客增加了20倍，为附近更多的咖啡馆、宾馆和相关行业创造了需求。短语demand for...表示“需求，要求”。故填for。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：DnA创始人徐田田表示：“我们试图制造一些东西，以恢复村民对当地身份的自豪感，同时创建一个当地的经济网络。”定语从句修饰先行词something，在从句作主语，故使用关系词that。故填that。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：DnA创始人徐田田表示：“我们试图制造一些东西，以恢复村民对当地身份的自豪感，同时创建一个当地的经济网络。”此处表示“创立者”应用名词founder。故填founder。
【63题详解】
考查时态。句意：“自从我们成立以来，已有600多人回到松阳创业，”徐说。根据前文的“Since we began...”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为over 600 people，助动词用have。故填have returned。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：自从“乡村全面复兴”的新国家重点被宣布以来，中国农村的命运一直处于聚光灯下。此处应该使用名词作宾语，表示“复兴，复苏”。故填revival。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：现在的重点是激发人们回归的动机。return此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故使用不定冠词。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是学生会主席李华，学生会举办的首届生活技能云端展示活动(Work Creates a Better Life)得到了外教Patrick的大力支持。活动已经圆满结束，请你给他写一封感谢信。内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 外教的帮助；
3. 活动的反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Patrick,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Patrick,
I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your kind help in the Work Creates a Better Life, which has turned out to be an amazing success.
It is so nice of you to have offered us a variety of presentation skills and creative suggestions on our show. It was under your professional guidance that the participants showed their skills of cooking, gardening, etc. Their impressive performances definitely fueled their passion for daily life skills. Most importantly, this activity helped students receive wide admiration and gain their tremendous confidence.
Many thanks for your time and support.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封感谢信，感谢外教Patrick对学生会举办的首届生活技能云端展示活动的大力支持。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
衷心的：sincere→heartfelt
感激：gratitude→appreciation
惊人的：amazing→fascinating
提供：offer→provide
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Their impressive performances definitely fueled their passion for daily life skills.
拓展句：Their performances which impressed prople definitely fueled their passion for daily life skills.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your kind help in the Work Creates a Better Life, which has turned out to be an amazing success.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]It was under your professional guidance that the participants showed their skills of cooking, gardening, etc.(it is...that强调句型)
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Sailor’s Christmas Gift
Last year at Christmas time my wife, three boys and I were in France on our way from Paris to Nice. For five miserable days everything had gone wrong. Our hotels were tourist traps; our rented car broke down; we were all restless and annoyed in the crowded car. On Christmas Eve, when we checked into a dark and dirty hotel in Nice, there was no Christmas spirit in our hearts. It was raining and cold when we went out to eat.
We found a drab (饭馆) little shoddily decorated for the holidays. It smelled oily. Only five tables in the restaurant were occupied. There were two families and an American sailor, by himself. In the corner, a piano player listlessly played Christmas music. I was too stubborn and too tired and miserable to leave. I looked around and noticed that the other customers were eating in stony silence. The only person who seemed happy was the American sailor. While eating he was writing a letter, and a half-smile lighted his face. My wife ordered our meal in French. The waiter brought us the wrong thing, and I scolded my wife for being stupid. She began to cry. The boys defended her, and I felt even worse. All of us here were overwhelmed by an unpleasant blast of cold air.
Through the front door came an old French flower woman, who wore a shabby dripping overcoat and moved along slowly. “Flowers, monsieur? Only one franc.” No one bought any. Wearily she sat down at a table between the sailor and us. To the waiter she said, “A bowl of soup. I haven’t sold a flower all afternoon.” To the piano player she said hoarsely, “Can you imagine, Joseph, soup on Christmas Eve?” He pointed to his empty tip plate. The young sailor finished his meal and got up to leave.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
He walked over to the flower woman’s table, picking out two flowers.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My wife waved her flower in time with the music.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
He walked over to the flower woman’s table, picking out two flowers. Pressing one of the small flowers flat, he put it into the letter he had written, then handed the woman a 20-franc note. She said, “I’ll get some change from the waiter.” “No.” said the sailor, “This is my Christmas present to you.” Straightening up, he came to our table, holding the other flower in front of him, and gave my wife the flower, wishing us a Merry Christmas. The piano player began to beat the keys with magic hands, nodding his head in rhythm.
My wife waved her flower in time with the music. The tears had left her eyes and the corners of her mouth turned up in laughter. All the people in the restaurant jumped on their chairs and began singing. The waiter embraced the flower woman. People crowded in from the street until many customers were standing. The miserable evening in a shoddy restaurant ended up being the very best Christmas Eve we had ever experienced just because of a young sailor who had Christmas spirit in his soul. He gave us Christmas.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家去旅游，结果遇到旅游陷阱，租的车也坏了，心情非常糟糕，并且入住了一家又黑又脏的旅馆，并且那天是平安夜，却感受不到任何圣诞的气氛。作者一家后来出去吃饭，餐厅也很冷清，只有一名水手脸上露着笑容。后来因为妻子用法语点餐，上错了菜，作者非常生气，让气氛更加凝重，门前来了一个卖花的老太太，水手买了两束花。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他走到卖花女人的桌子前，挑了两朵花。”可知，第一段可描写那个水手买花寄走和送给我妻子的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“我妻子随着音乐的节拍挥动着她的花。”可知，第二段可描写作者因为水手给大家带来的圣诞气氛和作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：2.续写线索：水手送圣诞礼物——水手祝圣诞快乐——妻子开心——给大家带来圣诞气氛——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①握着：hold/grasp/keep
②敲击：beat/strike
③拥抱：embrace/hug/enfold
情绪类
①痛苦的：miserable/unhappy/woeful
【点睛】[高分句型1]People crowded in from the street until many customers were standing.(until引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]The miserable evening in a shoddy restaurant ended up being the very best Christmas Eve we had ever experienced just because of a young sailor who had Christmas spirit in his soul.(who引导的定语从句)
名校联盟·2023届高三5月冲刺压轴大联考
英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Find more materials. B. Communicate with others. C. Sign up for an online course.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I just decided to take a French course online. I can study at any time, and get the materials from almost any computer in the world.
M: That is great. But I think communication is also important for learning a foreign language.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Which class will the speakers have next Monday?
A. Biology. B. Chemistry. C. English.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: The biology class next Monday will be replaced by a chemistry class.
M: That is awful. I’m not prepared for that.
W: Me neither. I wish we could have an English class.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What kind of symptom does the woman have after getting a shot?
A. A sore throat. B. Headaches. C. Muscle pains.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Did you get vaccinated?
W: I’m still waiting for my second shot.
M: Does this have any side effects? I heard that someone might have symptoms like muscle pains, chills, headaches, or tiredness.
W: Yes, I have a mild symptom—a sore throat. But that doesn’t really matter.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How does the woman feel about the man’s idea?
A. Great. B. Serious. C. Unrealistic.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m going to the party at Carol’s house.
W: You can’t be serious! We’ve got two tests at school tomorrow.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How much would it cost to stay at the Swiss Chalet for a week?
A. 100 dollars. B. 115 dollars. C. 126 dollars.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Where are you going on vacation this summer?
W: I’ve heard about a nice place called the Swiss Chalet. It’s 18 dollars a day or 115 dollars a week.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where probably are the speakers?
A. In a bank. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hotel.
7. How will the man pay for the service?
A. By credit card. B. By WeChat Pay. C. In cash.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me. I think I’m ready to go.
W: Yes, can I get anything else for you?
M: No, thanks. I think I’ll just have the check now.
W: Alright. But please keep in mind that we only take cash.
M: Oh no, I only have my credit card. Don’t you accept any online payment like WeChat Pay?
W: No, sir. But there is an ATM right next door.
M: OK. I’ll get some money.
W: That’s fine. I’ll give you the check when you come back.
M: All right. Thanks so much.
W: No problem. I hope you enjoyed your meal.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What mainly causes the woman’s retirement?
A. Her age. B. Her injury. C. Her kid.
9. How does the woman feel about giving up dancing in public?
A. Sad. B. Satisfied. C. Hesitant.
【答案】8. C 9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: So, Maria, is it true you’re going to retire soon?
W: Yes. I’m going to be thirty-five soon, so it’s getting harder and harder for me physically, and I’m still recovering from that last back injury I had. But the main reason’s that I need to spend time with my little boy. He’s only two and he’s growing up so fast. I don’t want to miss it.
M: So you don’t enjoy being on tour any more?
W: It’s not that I don’t enjoy. It’s just not practical anymore. It’ll actually break my heart to give up dancing in public.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10 What is the probable relationship between Carol and Leo?
A. Colleagues. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesperson and customer.
11. What does Leo probably want to buy?
A. A sofa. B. A cupboard. C. Office supplies.
12. What will Carol do next?
A. Go shopping. B. Attend a meeting. C. Make a phone call.
【答案】10. B 11. C 12. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Leo and I need a lot of stuff to furnish our house, but we don’t know where to buy the things. Could you give me some advice, David?
M: Sure, Carol. What kind of things do you need?
W: Well, we have most of the furniture already, like a sofa, a dinner table, a cupboard, and beds. But Leo wants to use the small bedroom as an office.
M: As for Leo, he should go to an office supply store. There’s a very good one called Office Depot. It has everything he will need and the prices are reasonable.
W: Thanks. I will call Leo later and tell him to pick me up after work. Oh, it’s time for our meeting. Let’s go right now.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. How much did the man pay for the return ticket?
A. $20. B. $30. C. $40.
14. How did the man get his ticket today?
A. From the ticket office. B. From the ticket machine. C. From the Internet.
15 What does the man say about the train?
A. It was late today. B. It’s improved a lot. C. It serves expensive food and drinks.
16. What was the man satisfied with today?
A. The ticketing service. B. The train schedule. C. The network signal.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Can I ask what kind of ticket you bought? I assume it wasn’t a season ticket.
M: That’s right. No, I just got a normal return ticket. I don’t have a rail card so I didn’t get any discount.
W: Yes, you’d have saved 40% on your ticket today. The single ticket is $20. So you paid the full price for your return ticket?
M: I paid $30.
W: Do you usually buy your tickets at the station?
M: Well, I do usually but the ticket office closes early and I hate using ticket machines. I think ticket offices should be open for longer hours. There’s always a queue for the machines and they’re often out of order. So I got an e-ticket online.
W: And, is there anything you weren’t satisfied with?
M: Well, normally, the trains run on time and are pretty reliable but today there was a delay; the train was about 15 minutes behind schedule.
W: What would you say you were satisfied with today?
M: Well, I like the Wi-Fi on the train. It’s improved a lot. It makes it easier for me to work if I want to. And the food and drinks are cheaper than before.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What should the listeners bring on Monday?
A. Jacket. B. Sandwiches. C. Drinks.
18. What will the listeners do on Tuesday?
A. Bike to the top of Mount Lama.
B. Enjoy the fantastic views.
C. Cycle back to the camp.
19. When can the listeners make a purchase?
A. On Wednesday morning.
B. On Wednesday afternoon.
C. On Thursday evening.
20. Who is this speech probably intended for?
A. Music lovers. B. Astronomers. C. Tourists.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hello, everyone. Now I’ll tell you about our trips. On Monday, you will have a forest walk. It’s a guided walk of about seven kilometers. There’ll be a stop halfway, and you’ll be provided with a drink and sandwiches. There are some fairly steep climbs up the hills, so you need to be reasonably fit for this one and bring a waterproof jacket in case it rains. Then on Tuesday we organize a cycle trip, which will give you all the fun of biking without the effort. We will take you and your bike up to the top of Mount Lama, and leave you to bike back to the camp. On Wednesday you’ll be taken to a factory where jewelry is made. If you want, you can buy some of the souvenirs but that’s entirely up to you. The trip starts after lunch, and you’ll return by 6 p.m. On Thursday we can offer trips to the observatory for those who are interested in astronomy. And you’ll be shown the huge telescopes and an expert will explain how they work.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some Internet Buzzwords of 2022
The chosen laborers
Derived from the Chinese term da gong ren which means “laborers” or “working people”, “the chosen laborers” refer to those who stay healthy during the pandemic, allowing them to go to work every day.
Begone
In a viral video, a woman in a parking argument was caught on camera, stomping (跺) her feet, waving her arms and repeatedly telling the other person to “begone”. The odd repetition of the Chinese term tui reminded many people of a traditional ceremony to ward off evil spirits, and the woman’s words quickly became an incantation (咒语) to protect users from bad luck or misfortune.
I have nothing to say
Literally meaning “thank you so much”, the term is now ironically used by Chinese social media users to express “being speechless”. They originally created “栓Q” to joke about the English accent of Liu Tao, a farmer who claims to be a self-taught English enthusiast on Douyin. Liu has accumulated over 2.6 million followers by sharing videos about his hometown in Guilin, in Chinese and English.
Online mouth double
Many netizens find it hard to express themselves clearly. So when they find someone who has spoken out on an issue they care about in a more persuasive way online—such as on a talk show, in a media interview, or in an online comment—they call them their hu lian wang zui ti, or “online mouth double”, as a way to express agreement and appreciation.
Cyber pickle
Just like Zha cai, or pickled vegetables, a side dish on Chinese dinner tables, cyber pickle is the perfect televised comfort food to accompany any meal. Ranging from scene plays like Friends to various short videos, cyber pickle is the embodiment (体现，化身) of empty calories.
21. What can the Chinese term tui make people think of?
A. An old ceremony to prevent evil spirits.
B. A way to escape from severe epidemic.
C. A condition to keep healthy during the pandemic.
D. A religious ceremony that can prevent people from bad luck.
22. Nowadays, the term “I have nothing to say” is designed to ______.
A. express thanks B. embody empty calories
C. convey “being speechless” D. joke about the English accent of Liu Tao
23. Which of the following can best describe that the views on ChatGPT posted on the Internet by Smith are well received?
A. The chosen laborers B. Online mouth double
C. I have nothing to say D. Cyber pickle
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了2022年的网络流行语。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Begone部分的“The odd repetition of the Chinese term tui reminded many people of a traditional ceremony to ward off evil spirits, and the woman’s words quickly became an incantation (咒语) to protect users from bad luck or misfortune.(中文“退”这个词的奇怪重复让很多人想起了一种传统的辟邪仪式，这名女子的话很快就成为了一种咒语，可以保护使用者免受厄运或不幸。)”可知，中文“退”这个词会让人想到一个古老的仪式，以防止邪恶的灵魂。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据I have nothing to say部分的“Literally meaning “thank you so much”, the term is now ironically used by Chinese social media users to express “being speechless”.(这个词的字面意思是“非常感谢”，现在被中国社交媒体用户讽刺地用来表示“无语”。)”可知，“I have nothing to say”这个词的目的是传达“无语”，故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Online mouth double部分的“So when they find someone who has spoken out on an issue they care about in a more persuasive way online—such as on a talk show, in a media interview, or in an online comment—they call them their hu lian wang zui ti, or “online mouth double”, as a way to express agreement and appreciation.(因此，当他们发现有人在网上以一种更有说服力的方式就他们关心的问题发表意见时，比如在脱口秀、媒体采访或网上评论中，他们就称他们为“网络口舌达人”，作为表达赞同和感激的一种方式。)”可知，最好地描述史密斯在互联网上发表的关于ChatGPT的观点受到欢迎的是Online mouth double，故选B。
B
The South African town Hamburg is situated by one of the most beautiful estuaries (河口) in the Eastern Cape. It’s known for its rich Xhosa culture. It is also home to a group of women who have produced a series of extraordinary artworks that have been exhibited around the world.
Keiskamma Art Project was created to teach local women embroidery (刺绣) skills to help them at a tough time economically and socially, but unexpectedly it has grown into something much bigger. Having been shown at international art galleries, many of their tapestries (挂毯) are now being displayed under one roof for the first time, at an exhibition in Johannesburg.
Their story began in 2000, when Dr. Carol Hofmeyr moved from Johannesburg to Hamburg. She found that the town was struggling with high unemployment and that local women were desperate to find ways to feed their families. Having studied embroidery herself, she hoped that passing on that knowledge to local women would help empower them.
From humble beginnings, more and more women heard about the project through word of mouth. Now, over 150 women are part of the project. Selling their works provides a source of income, but the project has also created a support system for the women.
Initially, the women started out simply creating cushions (坐垫) and small handbags to sell to tourists. Eventually, they started receiving tasks for larger pieces. They were given panels about a meter in size to work on at home. By joining the completed panels together, they created the first of their large works and one of their most celebrated, “The Keiskamma Tapestry”, which tells the history of the Xhosa people who were subjugated (征服) through colonization and the Xhosa British Frontier Wars from 1776 to 1876.
Another celebrated piece is “The Keiskamma Altarpiece”, which was produced by 130 women. The four-meter-high, four-meter-wide piece reveals the struggles that elderly Xhosa women endured when the youth in their community were hit by HIV two decades ago, and they stepped in to care for children.
Recent artworks engage with contemporary issues. “COVID Resilience Tapestry” deals with the pandemic; “A New Earth and Our Sacred Ocean” is a call for environmental consciousness.
24. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To inform readers of the situation. B. To bring in the topic of the text.
C. To introduce an ancient culture. D. To promote the local artworks.
25. What is beyond people’s expectation for Keiskamma Art Project?
A. It helps a lot of women. B. It gains international fame.
C. It helps develop local economy. D. It sponsors an exhibition in Johannesburg.
26. Which of the following can best describe the process of making “The Keiskamma Tapestry”?
A. Historical. B. Game-changing. C. Cooperative. D. Time-consuming.
27. What do we know about “The Keiskamma Altarpiece”?
A. It shows the Xhosa people’s sufferings. B. It reflects on some contemporary issues.
C. It covers some pandemic-related content. D. It aims to arouse the environmental awareness.
【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲南非Hamburg小镇因科萨文化而闻名，当地的女士们通过制作一些工艺品度过生活难关。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The South African town Hamburg is situated by one of the most beautiful estuaries (河口) in the Eastern Cape. It’s known for its rich Xhosa culture. It is also home to a group of women who have produced a series of extraordinary artworks that have been exhibited around the world.(南非小镇汉堡坐落在东开普省最美丽的河口之一。它以其丰富的科萨文化而闻名。这里也是一群女性的家，她们创作了一系列非凡的艺术品，并在世界各地展出)”可知，第一段的目的是引入文章的主题。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Keiskamma Art Project was created to teach local women embroidery (刺绣) skills to help them at a tough time economically and socially, but unexpectedly it has grown into something much bigger.( Keiskamma艺术项目的创建是为了教授当地妇女刺绣技能，以帮助她们度过经济和社会困难时期，但意想不到的是，它已经发展成了一个更大的项目)”可知，Keiskamma艺术项获得了国际声誉超出了人们的期望。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“By joining the completed panels together, they created the first of their large works and one of their most celebrated, “The Keiskamma Tapestry”, which tells the history of the Xhosa people who were subjugated (征服) through colonization and the Xhosa British Frontier Wars from 1776 to 1876.(通过将完成的面板连接在一起，他们创造了他们的第一个大型作品，也是他们最著名的作品之一，“Keiskamma Tapestry”，它讲述了科萨人在1776年至1876年的殖民统治和科萨英国边境战争中被征服的历史)”可知，制作“凯思卡玛挂毯”的过程是互相合作的。故选C。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“The four-meter-high, four-meter-wide piece reveals the struggles that elderly Xhosa women endured when the youth in their community were hit by HIV two decades ago, and they stepped in to care for children.(这件四米高，四米宽的作品揭示了二十年前，当科萨族的年轻人感染艾滋病毒时，年长的科萨妇女所忍受的斗争，她们挺身而出照顾孩子)”可知，The Keiskamma Altarpiece展示了科萨人民的苦难。故选A。
C
Photosynthesis (光合作用) is a unique skill of green plants—they turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and food via sunlight. A group of Chinese scientists, however, have “copied” the process on animals.
To understand the new breakthrough, it is important to know how photosynthesis works. Plants take in carbon dioxide and water from the air and soil. Within the plant cell, the water is oxidized. This transforms the water into oxygen and the carbon dioxide into glucose (葡萄糖). The plant then releases the oxygen back into the air and stores energy within the glucose molecules.
In the study, the researchers from Zhejiang University developed an independent and controllable photosynthetic system, according to the study published in Nature in early December, 2022. They separated thylakoids (内囊体), a part of the cell where light reactions take place in plants, from young spinach (菠菜) leaves. The scientists then wrapped the thylakoids with the cover of animal cells, which made the implanted thylakoids more acceptable to foreign bodies. The mice used in the study were suffering from arthritis (骨关节炎), meaning cells in their cartilage (软骨) had degenerated and could not be repaired by themselves. With the thylakoids implanted into the mice and exposed to light, the mice recovered. Their metabolism (新陈代谢) returned to normal. In arthritis, patients usually have energy loss since fewer energy-carrying molecules are generated. The implant, however, can correct the imbalance by storing more energy via photosynthesis. The researchers also claimed that their tests would have medical usage. It can be used as part of the solution for degenerative diseases because the natural photosynthesis system may repair cells. It may also delay the aging process in cells.
The study showed “an exciting achievement that opens up possibilities of metabolism engineering,” commented one of the paper’s reviewers Francisco Cejudo, from the University of Seville in Spain, reported Xinhua.
28. What does the study focus on?
A. Whether photosynthesis works on animals.
B. How photosynthesis prevents degenerative diseases.
C. Why degenerative diseases are harmful.
D. What the scientists have done for the metabolism engineering.
29. What does the underlined word “degenerated” probably mean?
A. Engaged. B. Infected. C. Worsened. D. Reproduced.
30 What can we learn from the text?
A The study has greatly facilitated metabolism engineering.
B. Energy loss partially accounts for degenerative diseases.
C. The tests succeed in undergoing clinical trials.
D. The implant can generate more energy.
31. What does the paper reviewer think of the tests?
A. They are inefficient. B. They are demanding.
C. They are unfounded. D. They are promising.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一个中国科学团队在动物身上“复制”了植物所特有的光合作用的全过程。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Photosynthesis (光合作用) is a unique skill of green plants—they turn water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and food via sunlight. A group of Chinese scientists, however, have “copied” the process on animals.(光合作用是绿色植物的一项独特技能——它们通过阳光将水和二氧化碳转化为氧气和食物。然而，一组中国科学家在动物身上“复制”了这一过程)”可知，本次研究主要聚焦在植物身上发生的光合作用是否也对动物产生相应的影响，故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“and could not be repaired by themselves(而且无法自行修复)”可知，这些小鼠的软骨细胞已经退变、老化，无法自行修复。故划线词意思是“变差”。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In arthritis, patients usually have energy loss since fewer energy-carrying molecules are generated. The implant, however, can correct the imbalance by storing more energy via photosynthesis.(如果患有骨关节炎，由于新生的载能分子较少，患者通常会产生能量损失。然而，植入的类囊体可以通过光合作用储存更多能量，扭转这一失衡状态)”可推知，能量损失部分解释了退行性疾病。故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study showed “an exciting achievement that opens up possibilities of metabolism engineering,” commented one of the paper’s reviewers Francisco Cejudo, from the University of Seville in Spain, reported Xinhua.(据新华社报道，来自西班牙塞维利亚大学的论文审稿人Francisco Cejudo评论说，这项研究显示了“一项令人兴奋的成就，开辟了代谢工程的可能性”)”可知，这是一项令人兴奋的成就，开辟了代谢工程的可能性，故选D。
D
There’s no single known cause for autism (自闭症), but researchers now point the finger at higher lithium (锂) levels in drinking water. Their new study found that pregnant women in Denmark whose household tap water had higher levels of lithium were more likely to have kids with autism, compared to pregnant women living in areas where tap water had lower levels of this element.
“Maternal prenatal (妊娠期) exposure to lithium from naturally occurring drinking water sources in Denmark was associated with an increased autism spectrum disorder risk in the offspring,” said study author Dr. Beate Ritz, a professor of neurology. “This suggests a potential fetal neurotoxicity (神经毒性) of lithium exposure from drinking water that needs to be further investigated.”
For this latest study, researchers analyzed lithium levels from about half of the country’s water supply. When the investigators compared children with autism to those without this developmental disorder, they found that when lithium levels increased, so did the risk of autism.
Kids born to moms who lived in areas with the highest lithium levels in the water were 46% more likely to be diagnosed with autism than those born in areas with the lowest amount of lithium in drinking water, the study showed. Lithium levels increased the risk for all types of autism in this study.
Lithium leaches into drinking water from soil and rocks, but these levels could rise in the future from waste in lithium batteries. While more research is needed to confirm this association, Ritz suggested using filtered water and testing it for lithium levels while pregnant. Bottled water isn’t necessarily the answer. “A lot of bottled water is not tested either,” she said. “Some bottled water is just filled up from regular drinking water sources.”
Dr. Max Wiznitzer, director of the Rainbow Autism Center, urged caution before jumping to conclusions, though. “It’s an interesting association, but causation is definitely not proven,” Wiznitzer told CNN. “We have to see if there’s a workable and biologically plausible (似乎合理的) mechanism by which a small amount of lithium in the water supply can somehow do this, yet pharmacologic (药理学) dosing of lithium in women with bipolar disorder has not been reported to be causing increased risk of ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder).”
32. What might cause women in Denmark to have kids with autism?
A. Lower levels of lithium in tap water. B. Higher lithium levels in drinking water.
C. Maternal prenatal exposure to neurotoxicity. D. Naturally occurring drinking water sources.
33. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5?
A. The risk of autism declined with lithium levels increasing.
B. Lithium in drinking water mainly came from lithium batteries.
C. Kids were 46% more likely to be diagnosed with autism than moms.
D. Bottled water could not be always safely used for its lack of filtering and testing.
34. What is Max Wiznitzer’s attitude towards the findings?
A. Favourable. B. Shocked. C. Cautious. D. Indifferent.
35. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Lithium in Water Supply Linked to Uptick in Autism Risk
B. Lithium in Drinking Water Did Harm to Mental Health
C. Lithium in Drinking Water Decreased the Risk of ASD
D. Lithium in Water Supply Linked to the Chance of Pregnancy
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了饮用水里的锂元素在一定程度上与自闭症相关联。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Their new study found that pregnant women in Denmark whose household tap water had higher levels of lithium were more likely to have kids with autism, compared to pregnant women living in areas where tap water had lower levels of this element.(他们的新研究发现，与生活在自来水中锂含量较低地区的孕妇相比，丹麦家庭自来水中锂含量较高的孕妇更有可能生下患有自闭症的孩子)”可知，饮用水中锂含量较高可能导致丹麦女性生下患有自闭症的孩子。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““A lot of bottled water is not tested either,” she said. “Some bottled water is just filled up from regular drinking water sources.”(“很多瓶装水也没有经过检测，”她说。“一些瓶装水只是从常规饮用水源中灌装的。”)”可推知，由于缺乏过滤和检测，瓶装水不能总是安全使用。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr. Max Wiznitzer, director of the Rainbow Autism Center, urged caution before jumping to conclusions, though. “It’s an interesting association, but causation is definitely not proven,” Wiznitzer told CNN.(不过，彩虹自闭症中心主任Max Wiznitzer博士敦促，在下结论之前要谨慎。“这是一个有趣的联系，但因果关系绝对没有得到证实，”维茨尼策告诉CNN)”可推知，Max Wiznitzer对这些发现的态度是谨慎的。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“There’s no single known cause for autism (自闭症), but researchers now point the finger at higher lithium (锂) levels in drinking water. Their new study found that pregnant women in Denmark whose household tap water had higher levels of lithium were more likely to have kids with autism, compared to pregnant women living in areas where tap water had lower levels of this element.(目前还没有一个已知的自闭症原因，但研究人员现在将矛头指向饮用水中锂含量过高。他们的新研究发现，与生活在自来水中锂含量较低地区的孕妇相比，丹麦家庭自来水中锂含量较高的孕妇更有可能生下患有自闭症的孩子)”结合文章主要说明了饮用水中的锂元素可能增加自闭症的风险，A选项“供水中的锂与自闭症风险上升有关”最符合文章标题。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Getting older involves changes in all realms of life, from the physical to the mental, to the social, emotional, sexual, and more. Ideally, you’ll have already been practicing healthy habits throughout your life. But even if you haven’t, it’s never too late to start taking active steps to maintain and even improve your health. Adopting even a few of the habits will start you on the right track.
____36____ According to Medline Plus, exercising regularly can improve your balance, help keep you mobile, improve your mood by reducing feelings of anxiety and depression, and contribute to better cognitive functioning. ____37____ Any exercise at all is better than none. CDC recommends 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week; you can further break this down into 30 active minutes a day for five days a week.
One article found that participants who reported higher levels of social activity were more likely to experience more positive moods, fewer negative feelings, and higher levels of physical activity. If you don’t currently have an active social life, look for opportunities to reconnect with old friends or make new ones. ____38____
Regular checkups with your doctor are opportunities to catch problems early and treat them before they become bigger problems. If you are experiencing memory or mobility issues, or have been recently hospitalized, you may want to schedule an appointment with geriatricians (老年病学专家). ____39____ Following an initial consultation, they can help you create a care plan tailored to your needs.
It may seem like a no-brainer, but it bears repeating that you should always take any medication prescribed to you exactly as directed by your doctor. However, it’s also worth doing a periodic medication review with your primary care doctor to discuss whether all of your prescriptions are still necessary. ____40____
A. It’s also an important part of managing some chronic diseases.
B. They specialize in the care and treatment of older people.
C. Keep in mind that your pharmacist is another resource for information.
D. Seek out like-minded others that corresponds to an interest of yours.
E. Keeping physically active can help reduce many of the effects of aging.
F. Feeling constantly exhausted or depressed is not normal at any age.
G. It’s important to know what’s normal for your body as you age.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着年龄的增大，我们该如何保持健康、幸福的生活状态。第一段提出话题，后面四段提出具体的方法和建议。
【36题详解】
分析设空，位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“According to Medline Plus, exercising regularly can improve your balance, help keep you mobile, improve your mood by reducing feelings of anxiety and depression, and contribute to better cognitive functioning.(根据Medline Plus，定期锻炼可以改善你的平衡，帮助你保持移动，通过减少焦虑和抑郁的感觉来改善你的情绪，并有助于更好的认知功能)”可知，本段主要讲述了身体锻炼来减少许多衰老的影响，所以E项“Keeping physically active can help reduce many of the effects of aging.(保持体力活动可以帮助减少许多衰老的影响)”符合文意。故选E项。
【37题详解】
根据前文“According to Medline Plus, exercising regularly can improve your balance, help keep you mobile, improve your mood by reducing feelings of anxiety and depression, and contribute to better cognitive functioning.(根据Medline Plus，定期锻炼可以改善你的平衡，帮助你保持移动，通过减少焦虑和抑郁的感觉来改善你的情绪，并有助于更好的认知功能)”可知，此处是讲述，身体锻炼的好处，所以A项“It’s also an important part of managing some chronic diseases.(它也是控制一些慢性疾病的重要组成部分)”符合文意，其中的it代指身体锻炼，在讲述身体锻炼的好处。故选A项。
【38题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“One article found that participants who reported higher levels of social activity were more likely to experience more positive moods, fewer negative feelings, and higher levels of physical activity. If you don’t currently have an active social life, look for opportunities to reconnect with old friends or make new ones.(一篇文章发现，报告社交活动水平较高的参与者更有可能体验到更多的积极情绪，更少的负面情绪，以及更高水平的体育活动。如果你目前没有活跃的社交生活，寻找机会与老朋友重新联系或结交新朋友)”可知，本段主要讲述，通过积极的社交来减少许多衰老的影响，所以D项“Seek out like-minded others that corresponds to an interest of yours.(寻找与你兴趣相投的人)”是对前文的总结。故选D项。
【39题详解】
根据前文“If you are experiencing memory or mobility issues, or have been recently hospitalized, you may want to schedule an appointment with geriatricians.(如果你正在经历记忆或行动问题，或者最近住院，你可能想要预约老年医生)”以及后文“Following an initial consultation, they can help you create a care plan tailored to your needs.(在初步咨询之后，他们可以帮助您制定适合您需求的护理计划)”可知，此处是在讲述老年医生的作用，所以B项“They specialize in the care and treatment of older people.(他们专门照顾和治疗老年人)”符合文意。故选B项。
【40题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“It may seem like a no-brainer, but it bears repeating that you should always take any medication prescribed to you exactly as directed by your doctor. However, it’s also worth doing a periodic medication review with your primary care doctor to discuss whether all of your prescriptions are still necessary.(这似乎是显而易见的，但值得重复的是，你应该始终按照医生的指示服用任何药物。然而，与你的初级保健医生定期进行药物检查，讨论你的所有处方是否仍然是必要的，也是值得的)”可知，此处是在讲述和你的各种医生保持沟通，所以C项“Keep in mind that your pharmacist is another resource for information.(记住，你的药剂师是另一个信息来源)”符合文意。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I teach economics at UNLV three times per week. Last Monday, at the beginning of class, I cheerfully asked my students how their ____41____ had been. One young man said that his weekend had not been so good. He had his wisdom teeth ____42____. The young man then proceeded to ask me why I always seemed to be so ____43____.
His question reminded me of something I’d read somewhere before: “Every morning when you get up, you have a choice about how you want to ____44____ life that day,” I said. “I choose to be cheerful.”
“Let me give you an example,” I continued, ____45____ all sixty students in the class. “In addition to teaching here at UNLV, I also teach out at the community college in Henderson, 17 miles down the ____46____ from where I live. One day a few weeks ago, I drove those 17 miles to Henderson. I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive. I only had to drive ____47____ quarter mile down the road to the college. But just then my car died. I tried to start it again, but the engine wouldn’t ____48____. So I put my flashers on, ____49____ my books, and marched down the road to the college.
“As soon as I got there I called AAA and arranged for a tow truck to meet me at my car after class. The ____50____ in the Provost’s office asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day,” I smiled. She was puzzled.
“My car broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here. If my car was ____51____ to break down today, it couldn’t have been arranged in a more ____52____ fashion,” I added. The secretary’s eyes opened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and headed for class. So ended my story.
I ____53____ the sixty faces in my economics class at UNLV. Despite the early hour, no one seemed to be ____54____. Somehow, my story had touched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the story at all. In fact, it had all started with a student’s ____55____ that I was cheerful.
41. A. task B. weekend C. class D. sleep
42. A. removed B. planted C. brightened D. abandoned
43. A. thoughtful B. grateful C. delightful D. cheerful
44. A. approach B. sustain C. enjoy D. lengthen
45. A. monitoring B. questioning C. addressing D. inquiring
46. A. district B. street C. freeway D. path
47. A. other B. another C. certain D. extra
48. A. turn into B. turn out C. turn away D. turn over
49. A. grabbed B. left C. hid D. covered
50. A. consultant B. secretary C. minister D. assistant
51. A. supposed B. thought C. meant D. committed
52. A. considerable B. valid C. convenient D. intentional
53 A. inspected B. scanned C. observed D. saw
54. A. asleep B. alike C. available D. active
55. A. proposal B. faith C. emphasis D. observation
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. C 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从一个经济学老师的角度讲述了自己快乐面对生活的故事。老师的行动深深感染了身边的同事和学生。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，一开始上课，我就兴致勃勃地问学生们周末过得怎么样。A. task任务；B. weekend周末；C. class课；D. sleep睡眠。根据后文“One young man said that his weekend had not been so good.”可知，作者问的是周末过得怎么样。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拔掉了智齿。A. removed移开；B. planted栽种；C. brightened照亮；D. abandoned离弃。根据上句“One young man said his weekend had not been so good.”他认为假期过得的不够好。因为他拔掉了智齿，这当然是令他感到不快。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻人接着问我，为什么我总是显得那么高兴。A. thoughtful周到的；B. grateful感激的；C. delightful使人快乐的；D. cheerful快乐的。根据上文“I cheerfully asked my students how their 1 had been.”可知这里学生问老师为什么总是很开心。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，当你起床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活。A. approach 着手处理；B. sustain维持；C. enjoy享受；D. lengthen变长。根据后文“I choose to be cheerful.”可知，此处是“如何对待这一天的生活”之意。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我给你们举个例子，”我继续说道，面向全班60名学生。A. monitoring监视；B. questioning提问；C. addressing向…说话；D. inquiring调查。根据前文“Let me give you an example”可知，是作者向60名学生讲话。故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在拉斯维加斯大学教书，我还在亨德森的社区大学教书，那里离我家有17英里的高速公路。A. district地区；B. street大街；C. freeway高速公路；D. path路径。根据后文“I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive.”可知，是17英里的高速公路。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只需要沿着这条路再开四分之一英里就到了大学。A. other其他的；B. another再一个；C. certain肯定；D. extra额外的。根据前文“One day a few weeks ago, I drove those 17 miles to Henderson. I exited the freeway and turned onto College Drive.”可知，作者已开了17英里的高速公路，来到了大学路，所以此处是表达“再开四分之一英里就到了大学”之意。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我试着再发动一次，但引擎转不起来。A. turn into变成；B. turn out发生；C. turn away拒绝…进入；D. turn over翻转。根据前文“But just then my car died.”可知，作者的车坏了，所以是引擎转不起来。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我戴上闪光灯，抓起书本，沿着通往大学的路走去。A. grabbed抓住；B. left离开；C. hid隐蔽；D. covered遮盖。根据前文“In addition to teaching here at UNLV, I also teach out at the community college in Henderson”可知，作者是在亨德森教书，所以此处应是“抓起书本，沿着通往大学的路走去”。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：教务长办公室的秘书问我发生了什么事。A. consultant顾问；B. secretary秘书；C. minister部长；D. assistant助理。根据后文“The secretary’s eyes opened wide, and then she smiled.”可知，是秘书问作者发生了什么事。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. supposed认为；B. thought认为；C. meant打算，注定；D. committed保证。根据前文“My car broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here.”可知，作者的车坏了，他认为是在完美的地方坏的，所以此处是在解释为什么，所以此处是在表达“如果车注定今天要抛锚的话”之意。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. considerable值得注意的；B. valid有效的；C. convenient便利的；D. intentional故意的。根据前文“My car broke down in the perfect place: off the freeway, within walking distance of here.”可知，作者的车坏了，他认为是在完美的地方坏的，所以说是最便利的地方。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我扫视了一下拉斯维加斯大学经济学课上的60张面孔。A. inspected检查；B. scanned扫视；C. observed注意到；D. saw看见。根据后文“Despite the early hour, no one seemed to be 14 .”可知，作者在看学生们的状态，所以是扫视学生们。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管时间还早，但似乎没有人睡着。A. asleep睡着的；B. alike相像；C. available可获得的；D. active活跃的。根据前文“Despite the early hour”以及“I 13 the sixty faces in my economics class at UNLV”可知，作者扫视了自己的学生，根据常识，应是看有没有人睡觉。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现我很开朗。A. proposal提议；B. faith信仰；C. emphasis强调；D. observation观察。根据前文“The young man then proceeded to ask me why I always seemed to be so 3 .”可知，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现作者很开朗。故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the remote Chinese village of Caizhai, a series of wooden pavilions step down a slope next to a babbling (流水潺潺) brook. Through big picture windows, day-trippers look inside, ____56____ (watch) big barrels of soya make the journey from bean to tofu.
Before this facility was built in 2018, families would produce small batches in their home workshops. However, ____57____ the conditions didn’t meet the food safety standards for the tofu to be sold in supermarkets, they struggled ____58____ (make) a living. Fortunately, with a new village cooperative running this purpose-built factory, they are processing 100 kg of soybeans a day and selling the ____59____ (improve) product to the cities. Visitors to Caizhai have increased 20-fold, creating demand ____60____ further cafes, guesthouses and related businesses nearby.
“We have tried to make something ____61____ restores the villagers’ pride in their local identity, as well as creating a local economic network,” says Xu Tiantian, ____62____ (found) of DnA.
Over the last seven years, Xu has been working with county leaders to build new facilities around the region. “Since we began, over 600 people ____63____ (return) to Songyang to start new businesses,” says Xu.
The fate of the Chinese countryside has been under the spotlight since the new national priority of “comprehensive rural ____64____(revive)” was declared. The past two decades of uncontrollable city-building in China have led to “rural hollowing (农村空心化)”, with working-age adults flocking to the cities. The focus is now on arousing motivations for _____65_____ return.
【答案】56. watching
57. as##because
58. to make
59. improved
60. for 61. that
62. founder
63. have returned
64. revival
65. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。在新成立的村级合作社的用心经营下，蔡宅村的豆腐产业蓬勃发展，乡村振兴战略卓有成效。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通过大落地窗，一日游的游客可以看到里面，看到大桶的大豆从大豆变成豆腐。分析句子结构可知watching与逻辑主语day-trippers构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填watching。
【57题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：然而，由于条件不符合豆腐在超市销售的食品安全标准，他们很难谋生。引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为”应用as或because。故填as/because。
【58题详解】
考查动词搭配。句意：然而，由于条件不符合豆腐在超市销售的食品安全标准，他们很难谋生。短语struggle to do sth.表示“努力做某事”。故填to make。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，这家专门建造的工厂由一个新的乡村合作社经营，他们每天加工100公斤大豆，并将改良后的产品销售到城市。分析句子结构可知improve与逻辑主语product构成被动关系，故用过去分词作前置定语。故填improved。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意：到蔡宅的游客增加了20倍，为附近更多的咖啡馆、宾馆和相关行业创造了需求。短语demand for...表示“需求，要求”。故填for。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：DnA创始人徐田田表示：“我们试图制造一些东西，以恢复村民对当地身份的自豪感，同时创建一个当地的经济网络。”定语从句修饰先行词something，在从句作主语，故使用关系词that。故填that。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：DnA创始人徐田田表示：“我们试图制造一些东西，以恢复村民对当地身份的自豪感，同时创建一个当地的经济网络。”此处表示“创立者”应用名词founder。故填founder。
【63题详解】
考查时态。句意：“自从我们成立以来，已有600多人回到松阳创业，”徐说。根据前文的“Since we began...”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为over 600 people，助动词用have。故填have returned。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：自从“乡村全面复兴”的新国家重点被宣布以来，中国农村的命运一直处于聚光灯下。此处应该使用名词作宾语，表示“复兴，复苏”。故填revival。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：现在的重点是激发人们回归的动机。return此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故使用不定冠词。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是学生会主席李华，学生会举办的首届生活技能云端展示活动(Work Creates a Better Life)得到了外教Patrick的大力支持。活动已经圆满结束，请你给他写一封感谢信。内容包括：
1. 表示感谢；
2. 外教的帮助；
3. 活动的反响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Patrick,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Patrick,
I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your kind help in the Work Creates a Better Life, which has turned out to be an amazing success.
It is so nice of you to have offered us a variety of presentation skills and creative suggestions on our show. It was under your professional guidance that the participants showed their skills of cooking, gardening, etc. Their impressive performances definitely fueled their passion for daily life skills. Most importantly, this activity helped students receive wide admiration and gain their tremendous confidence.
Many thanks for your time and support.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封感谢信，感谢外教Patrick对学生会举办的首届生活技能云端展示活动的大力支持。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
衷心的：sincere→heartfelt
感激：gratitude→appreciation
惊人的：amazing→fascinating
提供：offer→provide
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Their impressive performances definitely fueled their passion for daily life skills.
拓展句：Their performances which impressed prople definitely fueled their passion for daily life skills.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your kind help in the Work Creates a Better Life, which has turned out to be an amazing success.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]It was under your professional guidance that the participants showed their skills of cooking, gardening, etc.(it is...that强调句型)
第二节 (满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A Sailor’s Christmas Gift
Last year at Christmas time my wife, three boys and I were in France on our way from Paris to Nice. For five miserable days everything had gone wrong. Our hotels were tourist traps; our rented car broke down; we were all restless and annoyed in the crowded car. On Christmas Eve, when we checked into a dark and dirty hotel in Nice, there was no Christmas spirit in our hearts. It was raining and cold when we went out to eat.
We found a drab (饭馆) little shoddily decorated for the holidays. It smelled oily. Only five tables in the restaurant were occupied. There were two families and an American sailor, by himself. In the corner, a piano player listlessly played Christmas music. I was too stubborn and too tired and miserable to leave. I looked around and noticed that the other customers were eating in stony silence. The only person who seemed happy was the American sailor. While eating he was writing a letter, and a half-smile lighted his face. My wife ordered our meal in French. The waiter brought us the wrong thing, and I scolded my wife for being stupid. She began to cry. The boys defended her, and I felt even worse. All of us here were overwhelmed by an unpleasant blast of cold air.
Through the front door came an old French flower woman, who wore a shabby dripping overcoat and moved along slowly. “Flowers, monsieur? Only one franc.” No one bought any. Wearily she sat down at a table between the sailor and us. To the waiter she said, “A bowl of soup. I haven’t sold a flower all afternoon.” To the piano player she said hoarsely, “Can you imagine, Joseph, soup on Christmas Eve?” He pointed to his empty tip plate. The young sailor finished his meal and got up to leave.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
He walked over to the flower woman’s table, picking out two flowers.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My wife waved her flower in time with the music.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
He walked over to the flower woman’s table, picking out two flowers. Pressing one of the small flowers flat, he put it into the letter he had written, then handed the woman a 20-franc note. She said, “I’ll get some change from the waiter.” “No.” said the sailor, “This is my Christmas present to you.” Straightening up, he came to our table, holding the other flower in front of him, and gave my wife the flower, wishing us a Merry Christmas. The piano player began to beat the keys with magic hands, nodding his head in rhythm.
My wife waved her flower in time with the music. The tears had left her eyes and the corners of her mouth turned up in laughter. All the people in the restaurant jumped on their chairs and began singing. The waiter embraced the flower woman. People crowded in from the street until many customers were standing. The miserable evening in a shoddy restaurant ended up being the very best Christmas Eve we had ever experienced just because of a young sailor who had Christmas spirit in his soul. He gave us Christmas.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家去旅游，结果遇到旅游陷阱，租的车也坏了，心情非常糟糕，并且入住了一家又黑又脏的旅馆，并且那天是平安夜，却感受不到任何圣诞的气氛。作者一家后来出去吃饭，餐厅也很冷清，只有一名水手脸上露着笑容。后来因为妻子用法语点餐，上错了菜，作者非常生气，让气氛更加凝重，门前来了一个卖花的老太太，水手买了两束花。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他走到卖花女人的桌子前，挑了两朵花。”可知，第一段可描写那个水手买花寄走和送给我妻子的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“我妻子随着音乐的节拍挥动着她的花。”可知，第二段可描写作者因为水手给大家带来的圣诞气氛和作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：2.续写线索：水手送圣诞礼物——水手祝圣诞快乐——妻子开心——给大家带来圣诞气氛——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①握着：hold/grasp/keep
②敲击：beat/strike
③拥抱：embrace/hug/enfold
情绪类
①痛苦的：miserable/unhappy/woeful
【点睛】[高分句型1]People crowded in from the street until many customers were standing.(until引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]The miserable evening in a shoddy restaurant ended up being the very best Christmas Eve we had ever experienced just because of a young sailor who had Christmas spirit in his soul.(who引导的定语从句)
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