黄金卷04-【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷）

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【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷）黄金卷04（考试时间：120分钟  试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15.答案是 C。1．What color does the man prefer to paint the bedroom?A．Light blue. B．Yellow. C．Pink.2．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．Power failure. B．Turning off the light. C．Buying air-conditioning.3．What does the woman think of the movie?A．Frightening. B．Interesting. C．Boring.4．What do we know about the man?A．He likes driving. B．He used to have a car. C．He enjoys traveling by car.5．Why does the man’s suit look strange?A．The jacket and trousers don’t match. B．He’s wearing it in the office. C．The color is too dark.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Where did the man grow up?A．In the countryside. B．In a small town. C．In a city.7．What do the speakers see in the streets now?A．A lot of rubbish. B．Kids playing balls. C．Nice shops.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．How can the man get high scores?A．By talent.               B．By hard work.              C．By a little pressure.9．How many points did the woman score?A．62.                    B．70.                       C．99.10．Where are the speakers?A．In an office.             B．In a classroom.              C．At a bus station.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．What is the woman doing?A．Listening to music. B．Seeing a film. C．Writing a letter.12．How long will the woman stay in Japan?A．For a year. B．For a month. C．For two years.13．What will the woman do before she leaves for Japan?A．Read more Japanese novels.  B．Attend a language class.   C．Apply for a new program.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．When did the man’s boss call Jeff?A．In the morning. B．In the afternoon. C．In the evening.15．How did Jeff explain everything?A．By e-mail. B．Over the phone. C．In person.16．Why didn’t Jeff come to the office on Tuesday?A．He was sick.        B．He was off the day.        C．He was working somewhere else.17．How does the woman sound in the end?A．Excited. B．Surprised. C．Angry.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Who does the speaker talk to?A．A friend of his. B．A group of new students. C．A group of visitors.19．What is the total number of departments in the college?A．Six. B．Five. C．Four.20．Where do the teachers in the English department mainly come from?A．England and America. B．America and Australia. C．America and Canada.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANew Stories Await Just for YouThe Origin of DiseaseCarolyn Merchant, JD & Christopher Merchant, MDContaining exciting information and thought, this book could help people find ways to improve or avoid diseases that can dramatically change lives. Pulling medical knowledge together in an original way, it provides a new vision for understanding chronic(慢性的) disease, and challenges readers to think of chronic disease based on the root causes. For many people, medical books can be a hard barrier to jump. but this book is written in an accessible style and format, and contains information useful to the lay person, not just medical professionals.From Healing to HellW. H. Wall, JrFrom Healing to Hell is about the fall of a good and decent man and goes further to reveal the shocking details of how he was done a cruel injustice at the hands of a CIA government experiment with the drug LSD．The book tells the story of illegal activity by officials in power who operated in the name of protecting the country.The Stuff of MonumentsRichard A．CrouseyLittle things occur regularly, forbidding us to recognize their significance. What finally causes them to blossom into sweetness is their fading away. Through the stories in the book, it is shown that the seasons of our lives are made up of the stuff that went before. Nothing is truly lost. As one picture begins to fade, another begins to dawn.There Are No Monsters HereBuffy BrinkleyA little boy is afraid to go to bed when his mother announces his bedtime. He believes there may be monsters hiding in his room. However, his fear doesn’t stop him from trying to find them. What his decision creates is a doorway to acceptance and friendship. Out of fear comes delight, and the idea that what we see and how we initially judge a situation can be wrong——that what it takes to overcome our fears can sometimes be the best way to make a friend.21．Who are the targeted readers of the book The Origin of Disease?A．Students preferring challenges.            B．People caring about their health.C．Researchers in the chemistry lab.           D．Doctors in the emergency room.22．Which book is most likely to be a collection of short stories?A．The Origin of Disease.                   B．From Healing to Hell.C．The Stuff of Monuments.                 D．There Are No Monsters Here.23．What brings the boy friendship in the last book?A．His innocence.    B．His fear.     C．His courage.     D．His creativity.BThe State of the World’s Birds — report from conservation group Bird Life is the latest critical survey that highlight the scale of the current biodiversity crisis. It says, more than half the world’s bird species are in decline, as human activities including agriculture and expansion into habitats continue to wreak havoc on bird populations.“We have already lost over 160 bird species in the last 500 years, and the rate of extinction is accelerating,” said Lucy Haskell, who is lead author of the report. “Historically, most extinctions were on islands, but worryingly there is a growing wave of continental extinctions, driven by landscape-scale habitat loss.”The report reviewed data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List. Analysis showed that 5,412 of bird species worldwide, or 49 percent, have declining populations, while 38 percent are stable, 6 percent are increasing, and 6 percent have unknown trends. One in eight species is threatened with extinction, and also highlighted the massive scale of population loss in several well-surveyed areas.The expansion and intensification (集约化) in agriculture is the leading threat to birds, the report said, impacting at least 73 percent of threatened species. Unsustainable logging and management of forests is another significant threat, impacting nearly half of threatened bird species.Birds play an essential role in the health of ecosystems around the world. They are predators, pollinators, seed dispensers, and scavengers, and help to move and cycle nutrients across wide ranges. “Birds tell us about the health of our natural environment — we ignore their messages at our peril,” Lucy said.Authors of the report said that governments must prioritize more sustainable agriculture practices and the protection of natural habitats in order to slow population decline in bird species. There are numerous examples of populations bouncing back with the help of well-coordinated conservation programs. “If we give nature a chance, it can recover,” said But chart, who is chief scientist for Bird Life. “There is no denying that the situation is terrible, but we know how to reverse these declines.”24．What does the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A．Gradually change. B．Sharply increase. C．Slightly disturb. D．Seriously damage.25．How did the report show the state of the world’s birds?A．By listing causes.                        B．By making comparisons. C．By analyzing data.                        D．By answering questions.26．What is the major threat to birds according to the report?A．Illegal hunting for birds. B．The development of agriculture.C．Poor management of forests. D．The loss of landscape-scale habitats.27．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．Birds play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity.B．Governments have protected natural habitats greatly.C．Conservation programs need to be updated more frequently.D．Scientists are confident about slowing population decline of birds.CAs artificial-intelligence products steadily improve at pretending to be human—an AI produced voice that books restaurant reservations by phone, for example, or a chat robot that answers consumers’ questions online—people will increasingly be put in the unsettling situation of not knowing whether they are talking to a machine. But the truth may make such products less effective: recent research finds a trade-off between transparency (透明度) and cooperation in human-computer interactions.The study used a simple game in which paired players make a series of decisions to cooperate with or betray their partner. In the long run, it pays for both to keep cooperating—but there is always the temptation to betray and earn extra points short term, at the partner’s expense. The researchers used an Al algorithm (算法) that, when posing as a person, implemented a strategy that was better than people are at getting human partners to cooperate. But previous work suggested people tend to disbelieve machines, so the scientists wondered what would happen if the robot revealed itself as such.The team hoped people playing with a known robot would recognize its ability to cooperate (without being a pushover) and would eventually get past their disbelief. “Sadly, we failed at this goal,” says Talal Rahwan, a computer scientist at New York University in Abu Dhabi and a senior author on the paper, published last November in Nature Machine Intelligence. “No matter what the algorithm did, people just stuck to their prejudice.” A robot playing openly as a robot was less likely to get cooperation than another human, even though its strategy was clearly more beneficial to both players. (In each mode, the robot played 50 rounds against at least 150 individuals.) In an additional experiment, players were told, “Data suggest that people are better off if they treat the robot as if it were a human.” It had no effect.Virginia Dignum, who leads the Social and Ethical Artificial Intelligence group at Umea University in Sweden and was not involved in the study, praises the researchers for exploring the transparency-efficacy trade-off, but she would like to see it tested beyond the paper’s particular setup.The authors say that in the public field, people should be asked for agreement to be deceived about a robot’s identity. It cannot be on an interaction-by interaction basis, or else the “deception” obviously will not work. But blanket permission for occasional deception, even if it can be obtained, still raises ethical quandaries (道德困境). Dignum says humans should have the option to know after they have interacted with a robot -but if she is calling customer service with a simple question, she adds, “I just want to get my answer.”28．The word “trade-off ” is closest in meaning to __________.A．balancing B．combining C．distinction D．agreement29．According to the passage, what attitude do people generally take towards robots?A．Highly positive. B．Casual. C．Strongly opposed. D．Distrustful.30．What can be inferred about the research findings from the passage?A．They fail to support the researchers’ assumption.B．They will draw people’s attention to robots’ problems.C．They are different from the previous research findings.D．They can explain why people treat a robot like a human.31．According to the passage, what is Virginia Dignum most likely to agree with?A．Talal Rahwan’s research findings can’t apply to the real-world situations.B．Blanket permission for interacting with a robot does more harm than good.C．People needn’t be told that they are interacting with a robot on all occasions.D．The relationship between transparency and efficacy has been fully explored.DI had not hugged a friend or a family member for more than two years until recently when my sister flew in for a brief visit. For safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones.I grew up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, and every moment was full of danger. On one peaceful morning, I had begged my mom to let me go outside after spending weeks indoors. She finally agreed. I was outside for only 10 minutes when I was caught in an explosion. I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and hung my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me.Thankfully, I made a full physical recovery, but the emotional scars never left me. Years later there was another explosion near my house. I was safely inside, but my father had left to buy a loaf of bread. He had only just missed the explosion. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable. I was caked in tears as I held him tight.That same night my parents managed to arrange my escape from our war-torn city. I was 16 and came to America on my own. A generous host family took me in. They had a large dog called Oscar. Over the next several months, I secretly struggled with feeling homesick and worried about my family back home. Despite managing quite well at school, I couldn’t express my feelings. The only way I shared how I felt was by giving Oscar a big hug.It is yet another sad aspect of our pandemic(疾病大流行的) lives that hugging a stranger is the last thing on our minds. For many of us, even hugging a relative or a friend comes with stress and anxiety over risks and precautions. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the power of a hug.32．What is the passage mainly about?A．Experience of war. B．Love for family.C．Impact of pandemic. D．Power of embracing.33．How did the author feel when she hugged her father?A．Frightened. B．Ashamed. C．Relieved. D．Astonished.34．What can we learn about the author from the passage?A．She had her arms hurt in an explosion.B．She missed her family very much while in America.C．She couldn’t catch up with her classmates at school.D．She recovered quickly from the wounds of the war.35．What does the underlined word “shielded” mean in Paragraph 5?A．Protected. B．Persuaded. C．Covered. D．Understood.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We must pay attention to these misunderstandings in choosing college majors!1. Choose a major only based on money____36____ You need to also consider your passions, your dislikes, and most importantly, your happiness. Can you see yourself spending the next 40 years or so in this career without getting bored? The truth is, choosing a major with high-paying career options will not actually guarantee you a high-paying job. ____37____ If there are limited openings, the job will go to someone who is truly interested in the field.2. A hobby is never meant to be your priorityThere is a balance that should be maintained when you’re choosing a major. You want to pick something that interests you. but you need to be sure that you won’t get sick of it as time progresses. _____38_____ Merriam-Webster defines a hobby as “a pursuit outside one’s regular occupation engaged in especially for relaxation”. According to a photographer named Jenika, passions differ from hobbies in that passions are not relaxing. “Passions don’t leave you alone. Passions insert themselves into your life whether you have time for them or not. Passions comfort you and drive you crazy at the same time.”3. ____39____Being interested in a major is a start, but don’t stop there. Researching the field will help you be sure that a major is right for you. If you know someone in the field or with that major, ask them for some input. Try to get some experience shadow someone in a business office.4. My parents want me to choose this majorThe opinions of your friends and family aren’t something to ignore, but the choice is ultimately yours. ____40____ You’ll only truly enjoy and succeed in the field if you wanted to be in it in the first place.A．Choose a major by feeling instead of research.B．The major I like is too difficult. I’d better change it.C．You’re the one doing the work and earning the degree.D．Often times, people will confuse their hobbies with their passions.E．The mistake happens when you’re choosing a major only based on money.F．It will all depend on position openings and your competitors when you graduate.G．The idea of a specific major is better than the reality for students who enter it blindly.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Baby Miloszek was born with a heart defect. His condition is too ___41___ to be treated in Poland, but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center are able to take his case. ___42___, they require 80 percent of the payment up front, a sum the family simply could not ___43___. That’s when Maria Andrejczyk ___44___ in to help !Just a week after ___45___ her first Olympic medal ever and returning from Japan, Maria posted a ___46___ on a social media platform announcing that she would be auctioning(拍卖) off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek’s surgery.Days later, a Polish convenience store called Zabka ___47___ the medal for $125,000, which was more than Maria had ___48___ to get. Not only that, but when her ___49___ broke, more people began donating to the fundraiser. Finally, they pulled in more than enough cash to ____50____ Miloszek’s trip to America! And the ____51____ doesn’t end there. Zabka announced that they would let Maria keep her ____52____ after all!“We were very touched by the extremely ____53____ gesture of our Olympian, so we decided to support the ____54____ for Miloszek,” the company wrote. “We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria! We are glad that we were able to ____55____.”41．A．particular B．optimistic C．serious D．common42．A．Undoubtedly B．Unfortunately C．Additionally D．Absolutely43．A．expect B．permit C．ensure D．afford44．A．crowded B．turned C．brought D．stepped45．A．earning B．declaring C．battling D．defeating46．A．parcel B．message C．card D．list47．A．sold B．returned C．purchased D．saved48．A．expected B．needed C．accepted D．commanded49．A．health B．dream C．heart D．story50．A．transport B．provide C．cover D．cost51．A．kindness B．news C．sympathy D．gratitude52．A．secret B．reputation C．money D．medal53．A．flexible B．noble C．gentle D．awkward54．A．recovery B．request C．fundraiser D．award55．A．contribute B．present C．fight D．change第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Smart phones were once the best thing to happen to the tech industry. In the 11 years since the iPhone made its debut, smart phones ____56____(include)just about every other gadget. And it is surprising that it ____57____ alter every business.But ____58____ smart phones have achieved dominance, revolution is again in the air.At Google’s and Apple’s recent developer conference, executives took the stage to show how much more irresistible they were making our phones. Then each company unveiled the software ____59____(help)you use your phone a lot less.There’s reason for this seemingly contradictory engineering effort, and it’s ____60____ I call“Peak Screen”.For much of the last decade, a technology industry ____61____(rule)by smart phones has pursued a singular goal of completely ____62____(conquer)our eyes. Tech has now captured pretty much all visual capacity. Americans spend three to four hours a day looking at their phones, and that’s the minimum estimation.So tech giants are to build the beginning of something new: a ____63____(visual)tech world, a digital landscape ____64____ relies on voice assistants, headphones, watches and other wearables to take some pressure off our eyes.We may simply end up adding new devices to our screen-addled lives, ____65____ it could change everything again. As I argued, in many ways screens have become to dominant in our lives. The sooner we find something else, the better.  第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华，为响应“创造一个绿水青山的环境”的号召，在植树节 (Tree planting Day) 来临之际，你校三月十九日将在郊区 (suburb) 举行植树活动，请你代表学校起草一份倡议书，号召所有同学积极参加。要点：1. 植树活动的目的； 2. 时间、地点及提醒； 3. 植树节的意义。注意：1. 词数不少于100字； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear boys and girls,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Emily came from a musical family. Her father was a famous pianist in his early years and later was a music instructor. Her mother, however, was a performer and composer. Emily’s older brother was a Cello and part of the church’s choir. However, Emily wasn’t like her brother. She was unable to play any instrument.“You have to be an instrument that you’re playing. Why aren’t you able to do it?” Emily’s father said to her, advising her to learn to play the piano. From time to time, her mother would show the wish that Emily could develop her ability to perform on the stage. It seemed that the whole family was pushing her to play music. Every time this happened, it was a massive pain for her. Emily felt that she wasn’t part of her family. It was her dream to become just like the rest of them. However, no matter how hard she tried, she was unable to.“Being different doesn’t mean that you aren’t blessed with any potential or talent,” said Sarah, a teacher of Emily. “Maybe there is something interesting that I can do,” Emily thought. Every evening, Emily spent time sketching or drawing and painting in her bedroom. Her paintings showed her father on the piano and her brother on the Cello as well as her mother performing on the stage. Her paintings were vivid and the emotions were real. The paintings revealed how much her family was devoted to music. The paintings also revealed the things Emily was skilled at.But her family did not even know. The only thing they knew was that Emily was unable to sing and play one musical instrument. And they weren’t happy with her at all. Emily was a lover of her loved ones, and she loved them dearly. She wanted to be the pride of the family someday. How could this happen when she wasn’t able to do what they asked her to accomplish?注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。The answer was found when Sarah saw her gift for arts.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________When her parents saw her artwork, they were moved deeply._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________