2023年高考英语押题卷01（天津专用）（含考试版、全解全析、参考答案、答题卡）

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绝密★启用前2023年高考英语押题测卷01天津卷专用 原卷版(满分 130 分，考试时间 100 分钟)1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)、第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3,答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷（95分） 第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)  第一节   单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例: Stand over there _________ you’ll be able to see it better.A. or        B. and          C. but        D. while答案是 B。1.—Are you going to have your article published?—______ It’s too good an opportunity to miss.A. No problem! B. Why bother? C. Why me? D. That’s for sure.2. Hawkins, who is ________ from England but now lives in Dublin, has participated in this competition.A. slightly B. incredibly C. eventually D. originally3. Economic growth in the world remains weak throughout 2022 and it is hoped that it will ________ gradually in 2023.A. pick up B. break up C. wind up D. wrap up4. Recently they have been developing a new kind of drug, ________ effects we are greatly concerned.A. to whose B. about whose C. to which D. about which5. I think you’d better avoid talking about politics, religion and other ______ topics with him if you are not close friends.A. sensitive B. skeptical C. aggressive D. attractive6. The development of new media, ________ from the internet to digital television，means that people working in advertising will have to come up with more ways to catch the public’s attention.A. ranges B. ranged C. to range D. ranging7. When Della returned from skiing, her parents complained that she ________her legs when she fell over.A. should have broken B. must have broken C. could have broken D. would have broken8. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.A. who B. where C. which D. that9. On a website called N6 Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists ________ to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.A. have been promised B. is promised C. promised D. have promised10. At that time we had to make the________ that the disease was spreading and take action to stop it.A. arrangement B. appointment C. assumption D. assistance11. The Shenzhou-15 taikonauts have now performed extravehicular activities on four occasions since November 2022, setting ________ domestic record for ________ most spacewalks by a single crew.A. a; a B. a; the C. the ; the D. /; /12. —English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?—Yes. ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known13. __________ in thought while looking at the picture, she didn’t hear the knock at the door.A. Losing B. Lost C. To lose D. To be lost14. __________his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.A. Far from B. Regardless of C. Rather than D. Due to15. —Do you know a new shopping mall opened in our town yesterday?—Yes. Why don’t we pay a visit ______ we have time?A. since B. though C. until D. unless第二节: 完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16 ～ 35 各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。My car needed some mechanical work that I could not do myself. Since the garage I had been taking my car to had   16  , my friend Dave gave me a recommendation: D’s Auto Repair.I was pleasantly   17   to discover that the owner of D’s was a mechanic who had worked on my car several years earlier.   18   he was an employee at a gas station near my house. I knew that his work was good.I   19   the paperwork for the repair and   20   while D took a phone call from another customer. As I sat there, I looked around the small office to keep myself   21  . A framed newspaper article caught my attention. The headline   22  : “Local Dairy Farmer Kills Whole Herd.” The article was about the   23   of a fifth-generation dairy farmer during the polluted milk scare in Michigan several years earlier. Dairy cows were becoming   24   a disease that was affecting the milk supply. The fifth-generation dairy farmer paid to have all of his cows   25  . It was found that out of the entire herd, only a few were infected. Because no one could   26   that the other cows were totally   27  , he had the herd killed and buried to make consumers feel rest assured(放心). The farmer’s insurance did not cover his   28   because the state had not issued a(n)   29   for him to get rid of the herd. Asked why he did it, the farmer replied “Because it was the right thing to do.”I asked D why he   30   the article on the wall. I thought that he might be related to or   31   knew the farmer. He said he had never met the man, but that the farmer was a(n)   32   to him and set a standard for integrity(正直), trust and honesty. He said that is how he   33   his auto Repair business.I was now doubly   34   by both the farmer and D. The next year, on my   35  , my son started a nine-month mechanics apprenticeship(学徒) at D’s Auto repair.16. A. closed      B. launched      C. expanded     D. developed17. A. content      B. cautious      C. amazed     D. shocked18. A. Since then     B. Back then      C. In advance     D. Before long19. A. filled out     B. handed out      C. held out     D. gave out20. A. corresponded    B. reflected      C. concerned     D. waited21. A. informed     B. involved      C. prepared     D. occupied22. A. wrote      B. read       C. recorded     D. instructed23. A. proposals     B. feelings      C. actions      D. findings24. A. immune to     B. addicted to     C. infected with    D. allergic to25. A. tested      B. killed       C. buried      D. perceived26. A. suspect      B. guarantee      C. challenge     D. appreciate27. A. premier      B. beneficial      C. dangerous     D. secure28. A. danger      B. risk       C. loss     D. threat29. A. order      B. warning      C. ban      D. solution30. A. stored      B. displayed      C. distributed     D. monitored31. A. anywhere    B. anyhow      C. somewhere     D. somehow32. A. inspiration     B. companion     C. comfort     D. memory33. A. purchased     B. predicted      C. operated     D. acquired34. A. embarrassed  B. entertained     C. confused     D. impressed35. A. recognition   B. recommendation    C. negotiation     D. observation 第二部分: 阅读理解 (共20小题;每小题2. 5分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。ASometimes, we need a little help and get back to a state of mindfulness when it comes to taking care of our physical and mental health. Wellness vacations are on the rise.■ Ketanga FitnessWhen: April 6 — 10Where: Phoenix, ArizonaWhat: Sweat it out surrounded by the red rocks of Arizona’s desert. P.E. Club owner NedraLopez leads a mixture of high and low intensity workouts in the mornings and evenings. During breaks, guests will have plenty of time to explore the desert. After your last workout class, you can hit the town for dinner and drinks.■ Rksolid RetreatWhen: April 15 — 22Where: Oahu, HawaiiWhat: What better excuses to relax yourself in Hawaii than a retreat led by Barry’s Bootcamp star Rebecca Kennedy? During your week-long journey to Oahu, you’ll surf, climb waterfalls, and hike the Stairway to Heaven trail. In between all those workouts, Kennedy creates a special stretch and recovery class so you won’t skip a beat next day.■ Wellness ImmersionWhen: AugustWhere: Amanbagh, IndiaWhat: The Amanbagh hotel offers 4-21 day programs focusing on immersion courses that focus on relieving stress from people’s body. Activities include hikes overlooking beautiful gorges, yoga and meditation sessions, and meals made with organic, locally harvested produce.■ Mile High Run ClubWhen: August 18 — 28Where: Reykjavik, IcelandWhat: After landing in Reykjavik, runners can work towards their best time in the annual marathon, half marathon, or 10K. After a race, you’ll soothe your muscles in the geothermal Blue Lagoon spa and hit the ground running again with guided runs through Thorsmork National Park. Do we even have to mention Skaftafell’s crazy glacier views?36. Which vacation will you choose if you want to visit desert?A. Rksolid Retreat.   B. Ketanga Fitness.  C. Wellness Immersion. D. Mile High Run Club.37. What will you do in between all those workouts on the Rksolid Retreat vacation?A. Go surfing. B. Climb waterfalls.C. Hike the Stairway to Heaven trail. D. Attend a special stretch and recovery class.38. During the Wellness Immersion, people can ________.A. enjoy a free hotel stay and service B. visit Thorsmork National ParkC. taste food made by local organic produce D. relax muscles in a geothermal spa39. What do the four vacations have in common?A. Men are the target vacationers. B. They are combinations of wellness and scenery.C. Courses and classes are arranged during them. D. They are available all year round.40. What’s the purpose of the passage?A. To promote marathon events. B. To attract more tourists to America.C. To advertise some P.E. clubs. D. To introduce some wellness vacations.BTens of thousands of ancient pictures carved into the rocks at one of France’s most important tourist sites are being gradually destroyed. Scientists and researchers fear that the 36,000 drawings on rocks in Mont Bego in the French Alps are being damaged so rapidly that they will not survive for future generations.The mountain believed to have once been a site for prayer is scattered with 4000-year-old drawings cut into bare rock. But as the popularity of the site increases, the pictures are being ruined by thoughtless graffiti.Jean Clottes is the chairman of the International Committee on Rock Art. He says “People think that because the pictures have been there so long they will always continue to be there. But if the damage continues at this rate there will be nothing left in 50 years.”He describes seeing tourists stamping on the drawings, wearing away the rock and clearness of the artwork as they do so. Some visitors he says even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs. Other researchers describe how people arrive carrying long sticks with sharp ends to scratch their own drawings, or even their names in the rocks.But experts are divided over the best way to preserve the drawings. Henry de Lumley, director of the Museum of Natural History in Paris, believes that the only way to save the site is to turn the whole mountain into a “no-go” area, preventing the public from going there except on guided tours.Clottes disagrees. “The measure suggested by Henry de Lumley is the most severe, and while it is the most effective, it is also certain to bring about protests from people who live there” he said. “The site was classified as a historic monument years ago by the Ministry of Culture and we must do as much as possible to save what is there.”Annie Echassoux who also worked on researching the site is alarmed that as the mountain becomes easier to reach — tourists can now avoid the three-and-a-half-hour walk by hiring vehicles — the damage will increase rapidly. She thinks that the only solution is to rope off the area and provide guides. “You can’t say the plan can’t go ahead because there is no money ” she said. “That is not good enough. Money must be provided because the Ministry of Culture has classified this area as a historic site. If we don’t take steps, we will be responsible for losing the drawings for the next generation.”41. Jean Clottes says that people who visit the mountain________.A. do not believe the drawings are old. B. believe they are allowed to paint thereC. assume the drawings will not disappear D. think the drawings should be left alone42. According to Jean Clottes some of the visitors to the area have________.A. taken bits of the rock home B. helped to clean the drawingsC. been unable to take photographs D. misunderstood what the pictures mean43. Henry de Lumley is eager to________.A. protect public rights B. ban traffic in the areaC. set up research projects D. keep out individual visitors44. Which word best describes Annie Echassoux’s attitude towards saving the historic site?A. Worried. B. Supportive. C. Disappointed. D. Hesitant.45. This passage has been written about Mont Bego to ________.A. advertise the closing of the site B. encourage scientists to visit the siteC. describe fears for the future of the site D. warn visitors about the dangers of the siteCThe rapid pace of global warming and its effects on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions. Some animals can move fast to adjust to a quickly changing climate. Plants, being less mobile, rely on means such as seed dispersal (传播) by animals, wind or water to move to new areas, but this redistribution typically occurs within one kilometer of the original plant. Writing in Nature, Juan P. González-Varo sheds light on the potential capacity of migratory (迁徙的) birds to aid seed dispersal.González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds. They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe.The authors hypothesized (假定) that the direction of seed migration depends on how the plants interact with migratory birds, the frequency of these interactions or the number of bird species that might transport seeds from each plant species.Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (进化树谱), might benefit from long-distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (小组) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter. This means that the ability of plants to keep up with climate change could be shaped by their evolutionary history – implying that future plant communities in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) will probably come from plant species that are phylogenetically closely related and that have migrated from the south.This study provides a great example of how migratory birds might assist plant redistribution to new locations that would normally be difficult for them to reach on their own, and which might offer a suitable climate.46. The rapid pace of global warming and its effect are mentioned in Paragraph 1 ________.A. to call public attention to seed dispersalB. to show the threat of climate change to human beingsC. to provide the background of González -Varo’s researchD. to explain why some animals can adapt to climate change47. How could plants keep pace with the rapid climate change according to González-Varo?A. With the help of wind and water.       B. With the help of migratory birds.C. By adjusting themselves to the climate.  D. By relying on animals on land.48. How did González-Varo and his colleagues conduct the research?A. By analyzing related data.           B. By conducting field research.C. By interviewing experts.            D. By reviewing findings of previous studies.49. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A. Most plant species benefit from long-distance dispersal.B. The evolutionary history of different plants is similar.C. Plants with longer fruiting times adapt better when transported farther.D. Plant communities in different hemispheres will become less related phylogenetically.50. What could be the best title for the text?A. Impacts of Climate Change on Migratory Birds.B. Different Ways to Redistribute Plants to New Climates.C. Plants Struggle to Keep Pace with Climate Change.D. Migratory Birds Aid the Redistribution of Plants to New Climates.DTime and time again, I hear someone ask why anyone would want to keep an “ugly” building or a building that is dirty and clearly in need of work. I think you could say we preservationists (文物保护者) look at buildings through a different angle — an angle that can see the swan in the ugly duck, the story in the simple lines, the book behind the cover.Take the Queen Emma Building for example. While people may remember that building being named as one of the ugliest buildings in town, the angle from which a preservationist will view the building is that it is uniquely constructed with an artistical brise-soleil (遮阳板) to block the sun. The designer used standard concrete bricks to form a decorative wall. Unfortunately, the brise-soleil was removed in 2011, making the building look like many of the contemporary buildings in town.Sometimes people remember a beautiful site that was replaced by a “horrid” piece of architecture and can’t get over their anger, even when that building becomes an important part of our story. This is particularly true in San Francisco where many preservationists themselves dislike anything newer than the Victorian era. Yes, it was a tragedy that many failed to appreciate the Victorian buildings and let many get torn down several decades ago, but those losses also tell another important story. It tells the story of the 1950s and 1960s when there was hope for a more equal society with inexpensive housing for the working class. Should that history be wiped from our memories?Preservation is not just about keeping pretty, well-kept buildings, but about conveying parts of our history —not just the history of huge events, but the story of how everyone used to go to a certain corner market. Our history cannot be told only in buildings that meet someone’s criteria of beauty; sometimes our history is painful, but no less important.51. How do preservationists see buildings?A. They focus on their value rather than appearance.B. They pay great attention to ancient buildings.C. They are devoted to repairing famous buildings.D. They prefer ugly buildings to beautiful ones.52. What does the author think of removing the brise-soleil of the Queen Emma Building?A. It’s confusing.     B. It’s pleasing.  C. It’s regrettable. D. It’s unbelievable.53. Why were many Victorian buildings in San Francisco torn down?A. To wipe the history of the Victorian era.B. To make land available for cheap housing.C. To work off the deep anger of the working class.D. To restore the architecture before the Victorian era.54. What is the author’s intention of writing this passage?A. To introduce some buildings with historical value.B. To explain the reason why architects make ugly buildings.C. To praise the work of preservationistsD. To stress the importance of preserving ugly buildings.55. Where does the text probably come from?A. A culture paper.   B. A science book.  C. An environment report. D. A travel magazine.第Ⅱ卷（35分）注意事项： 1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2. 本卷共6题，共35分。第三部分：写作第一节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，按照要求用英语回答问题。Diana Nyad, born in 1949, is one of the world's greatest long-distance swimmers. She started as a speed swimmer, winning races in high school and dreaming of the Olympics. However, Nyad fell ill with heart disease before she could compete in the 1968 Olympic Games and had to spend three months in bed. By the time Nyad was better, she was unable to swim as fast as she had previously. Nyad then turned from speed swimming to distance swimming. Her first race was 10 miles in the cold waters of Lake Ontario. Even though she came in tenth place, she was the first woman ever to complete the course. In 1974, Nyad set a record while swimming a 22-mile race in the Bay of Naples, Italy. That same year she tried to swim back and forth across Lake Ontario, a total of 64 miles. Nyad made it across the lake, but on the return trip, she lost consciousness and had to be pulled from the water. In 1975, she swam around Manhattan Island, a distance of 28 miles, in a record of 7 hours and 57 minutes. Three years later she swam 102 miles from the Bahamas to Florida. In 2010, at the age of 61, Nyad announced she would swim from Cuba to Florida. In order to train, Nyad spent as many as 14 hours a day swimming in the ocean. The swim from Cuba to Florida would last at least 60 hours and cover 103 miles. Unfortunately, bad weather forced Nyad to wait until the next year. In 2011, Nyad attempted the swim but was blown off course after being in the water for 29 hours. Nyad attempted the swim again a few months later, but she had to stop because of too many jellyfish stings (海蜇蜇伤）. Despite these setbacks, Nyad continues to preserve and plans to eventually make the Cuba-to-Florida swim. She has made a vow (誓言）to never stop swimming and wants other older Americans to understand that it is never too late to make one's dreams come true. 56. What made Nyad fail to participate in the 1968 Olympic Games? (No more than 5 words)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about? (No more than 10 words)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 58. How did Nyad make preparations for her swimming from Cuba to Florida? (No more than 15 words)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined word “setbacks” in the last paragraph mean? (Only 1 word)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What inspiration do you learn from Nyad’s stories and experiences? (No more than 25 words)_______________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)假定你是校英语报的编辑李津，上周末你们学校举行了中国学生和留学生交换读物的活动，请你就此事写一篇报道，内容包括：1. 活动的时间和地点；2. 活动的过程；3. 收获与感想。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。A Reading Material Exchange Activity____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________