专题19 书面表达 ——【全国通用】2020-2022三年高考英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

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三年（2020-2022）高考真题英语分项汇编
专题19 书面表达提纲式
2022年高考真题
1.【2022年新高考1卷】
假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1. 节目介绍；
2. 访谈的时间和话题。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Caroline,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Caroline,
This is my first time that I have invited you to attend our program —Talk and Talk. It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established. This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students. Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it. As our distinguished foreign language teacher, your aid can help us a lot. If you are available on this Sunday, I together with the whole Talk and Talk staff am waiting for your coming. I’d appreciate it if you take my invitation into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是校广播站“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建立：establish→set up
了不起：amazing→fabulous
帮助：aid→assistance
许多：plenty of→a lot of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As our distinguished foreign language teacher, your aid can help us a lot.
拓展句：You are our distinguished foreign language teacher, whose aid can help us a lot.
【点睛】[高分句型1]This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students.(运用了where引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it.(运用了状语从句的省略)


2.【2022年全国甲卷】
你校将以六月八日世界海洋日为主题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括：
1. 海洋的重要性；
2. 保护海洋的倡议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When it comes to ocean, its pollution is becoming more and more serious. World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
Ocean plays a key role in our world. Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature. Thus, it is imperative to protect ocean. First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions. For example, garbage can’t be thrown into ocean. What’s more, we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean. The more people are involved, the better the ocean environment is.
All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting ocean. To protect ocean is to protect ourselves.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，就世界海洋日为主题向英文征文比赛投稿，阐述海洋的重要性并提出一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
越来越：more and more→increasingly
重视：place importance on→attach importance to
重要的：key→significant
此外：what’s more→furthermore
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
拓展句：World Ocean Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Not only does ocean offer us sufficient food, but also it maintains the balance of nature.(运用了部分倒装结构)
[高分句型2]When it comes to ocean, its pollution becoming more and more serious.(使用了固定句型)
[高分句型3]First of all, what we can do is to place importance on our daily actions.(使用了主语从句)


3.【2022年全国乙卷】
学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 学习活动状况描述：
2. 简单评论;
3. 你的建议。

注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
【答案】Learning English Beyond the Classroom
Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways.
It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%. However, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.
As far as I’m concerned, it is a disturbing trend. For students, what benefits most to their study is reading English books. Because of their lack of self-discipline, they’re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. It’s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and it’s also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文给学校英文报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
选择：choose → select
提高：improve → strengthen
各种各样的：various → diverse
就我而言：as far as I’m concerned → from my perspective
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the Classroom in various ways.
拓展句：Nowadays, because smartphones and computers are becoming more and more popular, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the Classroom in various ways.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%. (运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句以及who引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】It's urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline (运用了it作形式主语，to improve their self-discipline为真正的主语)


4.【2022年1月浙江卷】
假定你是李华，在“中国一爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已回国，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．回忆活动经历；
2．分享个人收获；
3．希望保持联系。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Chris,
How is everything? I have missed you very much since you returned to Ireland.
I still remember the moments we spent together at the China-Ireland Cultural Festival. We went to lectures on culture by leading scholars from both our countries. We also enjoyed music, dance, dramas and films.
I gained a better understanding of Irish culture during the festival, which has great significance for the cultural exchanges between China and Ireland. What's more, a close friendship has been formed between us.
Let's keep in touch. Hope to see you again.
Yours,
Li Hua


2021年高考真题
1.【2021年6月新高考卷】
你校英文报Youth正在庆祝创刊十周年, 请你写一篇短文投稿, 内容包括：
1. 读报的经历；
2. 喜爱的栏目；
3. 期望和祝福。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Youth and Me
Dear editor,
As the 10th anniversary ceremony of YOUTH is drawing near, I am writing to take this opportunity to extend my heartfelt congratulations.
Ever since I was young, my parents exposed me to various magazines, but YOUTH was my favorite which has gained high praise from many students including me, a regular reader. Not only does it supply me with a platform to broaden my horizon, but its rich content can also spark my burning passion for English. I am fond of all its columns, but what I enjoy most about the paper is its language and writing style, which contributes greatly to my progress in writing.
I have thousands of blessings and I keenly wish YOUTH could achieve greater success and gain more popularity.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，向校刊Youth表达自己的经历，并送上自己的祝福。
1．词汇积累
建立：found→establish
沮丧的：upset→depressed
得到：receive→obtain
赏析：enjoy→appreciate
2．句式拓展
同义句改写
原句：These stories can relieve my stress and broaden my horizon.
拓展句：Not only can these stories relieve my stress, but also they can broaden my horizon.

【读后续写】
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE
The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day. How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed. They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge. They had watched their mother in the kitchen. There was nothing to it. Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do.
The big day came at last. The alarm rang at 6 a.m. The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen. They decided to boil the porridge first. They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast. Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk. Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture. Next, Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan. Everything was going smoothly until Jeff started frying the bread. The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds. Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.
Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake. The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna panicked. Thankfully, Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly. But the stove was a mess now. Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge. But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain. Jenna made him put his hand in cold water. Then she caught the smell of burning. Oh dear! The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.     

The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up.      


答案
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared. One look and he knew what they were up to. Seeing their discouraged faces, he told them to clean up the kitchen while he helped them make breakfast for Mother. The twins cheered up and did as told. Within an hour, the kitchen was cleaned, and Father had successfully made some French toast and chicken porridge as the children wished. Then he sneaked back to bed. The twins prepared the breakfast tray, added a card they had made, and then headed for their parents' bedroom.
The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. "Happy Mother's Day, darling Mummy!"  thrilled voice yelling from their throat, the twins hugged their mom tightly. Moved and excited, mother held the twins with her warm arms as well. Her eyes widened at the sight of the breakfast tray. She shook father who was pretending to snore. He whistled in astonishment when seeing the breakfast. Mother bit into a sandwich and said she had never  tasted a better one. Jeff immediately wanted to have a bite. Jenna caught her father's eye and they winked at each other secretly.


2.【2021年全国甲卷】
假定你是李华，你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英语网站上展示，请你给外国朋友Chris写封信，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国朋友，内容如下：
1. 阐明写信事由；
2. 征求建议；
3. 表达感谢。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
Dear Chris,
Hope everything goes well with you! In a bit to foreign students' richer insight into Chinese culture, a class meeting themed introducing Chinese traditional culture to foreign friends will be launched in our school. I'm writing to ask for your suggestions on the topic.
Since every process and detail is to be posted on an English website that has numerous foreign visitors, I feel at a loss which aspects of our culture fascinates foreign readers. Currently, we have been considering a wide range of choices ranging from local cuisine and ancient costumes to festival traditions and folk music, but we haven't reached any agreement yet. So, I am urgently in need of your suggestion. If you can furnish me with more information, just feel free to inform me.
Your prompt response will be much appreciated. Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua

3.【2021年全国乙卷】
你校将举办英语演讲比赛，请你以 Be smart online learner 写一篇发言稿参赛,
内容包括：
1. 分析优势及不足；
2. 提出学习建议。

注意：
1. 词数100词左右；
2. 题目和首句以为你写好。
Be smart online learners
Just like the old saying goes, "each coin has two sides." On the one hand, providing an easy access to plenty of excellent learning sources, online learning is really a helping hand. On the other hand, what we learn online isn't necessarily what we need, not to mention its constant damage to our eyes.
For me, online learning is, after all, just a tool. It's not the new method itself but the person who use it that really matters. To become a smart online learner, not only should we carefully choose from countless alternatives we may face, but extra attention needs to be attached when we take lessons online. What's more, on condition that we could apply what we learn online to our daily life, online learning would be more meaningful.
Thanks, everyone. Hope we all could be smart online learners.
【解析】
本篇书面表达是演讲稿，一种常见的应用文，与去年英语作文比赛稍有差别。英语书面表达近几年来稳中求变，在测试考生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用学过的英语知识和掌握的技能，进行思想交流的同时，注重文体变化，突出实用性，更考查学生能否利用所学语言知识、文化知识等，根据不同目的和受众，通过书面形式创新语篇。
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如非谓语动词：providing an easy access to plenty of excellent learning sources, online learning is really a helping hand.；名词性从句：what we learn online isn't necessarily what we need, not to mention its constant damage to our eyes. 倒装：To become a smart online learner, not only should we carefully choose from countless alternatives we may face, but extra attention needs to be attached when we take lessons online.；状语从句：on condition that we could apply what we learn online to our daily life, online learning would be more meaningful.等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色。

4.【2021年6月北京卷】
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Jim原定本周末一起外出，你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达歉意并说明原因；
2. 提出建议并给出理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
How are you these days? We have planned to hang around together this weekend, and how much I am expecting that! To my pity, I was informed to attend the nursery house with the Student Union this morning. Since this weekend is the Double Ninth Day, a traditional day celebrated for the senior in China, our school has launched this activity to show our concern and responsibility for the old, which is a meaningful and instructive activity for us teenagers. I am really sorry and how about going out together next weekend, and as a compensation, I would like to teat you a big meal and invite you to visit local museum. If the time is not convenient for you, you can set anytime next week. Please accept my sincere apology for that.
Looking forward to seeing you soon!
Yours,
Li Hua

5.【2021年6月浙江卷 】
  昨天你去学校参观了中国画的展览，请你为学校英语报写一篇宣传稿：
      1. 时间和地点；
      2. 你的感受；   
      3. 强烈推荐。
注意：
      1. 词数100左右；
      2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

【参考范文】
Dear editor,
In order to better experience traditional Chinese culture, the Students’ Union of our school organized a meaningful activity to visit an Chinese painting exhibition in the school hall last weekend.
In the activity, the guide enthusiastically explained each piece in detail and introduced to us the Chinese famous painters we admire most, such as Xu Beihong, Qi Baishi and so on. By participating in the well-organized activities, I’ve benefited a great deal from them. Not only can I cultivate my patience and imagination, but also I can get easier access to our excellent history and culture, which can enrich my mind.
To be honest, it will be a good chance for you to learn about traditional Chinese culture. I strongly appeal to all the students in our school to make use of their spare time to taste these wonderful works carefully!
Yours
Li Hua
【点睛】高级语块：better experience；meaningful；enthusiastically；piece；in detail； participating in；benefited a great deal from； access to； enrich；To be honest；strongly appeal to；taste等。高级句型：In order to，such as；and so on；which；Not only … but also …等。这篇参考范文结构严谨、层次清晰：首先告知活动的人物、时间、地点、目的，其次简要地回顺了自己昨天观看学生国画作品展的过程，最后写自己的感受和推荐观展；多用高级词汇、句型使得本范文结构严谨、行文流畅。

6.【2021年1月浙江卷】
假定你是李华，下周有新西兰学生访问你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 介绍活动安排；
3. 表达祝愿。
注意：1. 词数为80左右；
2. 可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear guests/friends from New Zealand,
On behalf of our school, I feel greatly honored to express our warmest welcome to you. To help you better understand Chinese culture, we've arranged some activities for you.
First comes the practice of Chinese calligraphy in the school hall between 9：00 and 10：00. You will learn to write your Chinese names with a brush. Then it is time for folk dance in the dancing room for about an hour. After the lunch break, you will be guided to the playground, where you will practice Chinese martial arts, which are good for your health.
I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us and hope your trip in China will turn out a most unforgettable experience in life. Thank you!

解析
写作思路：文章是要你作为学生代表写一篇欢迎辞。首先需要表示欢迎，接下来介绍活动安排，最后表达祝愿。一般将来时为主，第一人称为主。
【高分短语句型】
Chinese calligraphy（中国书法）；brush（毛笔）；folk dance（民间舞蹈）；Chinese martial arts（中国武术）。
不定式作目的状语 To help you better understand Chinese culture, we've arranged some activities for you. 为了帮助您更好地了解中国文化，我们为您安排了一些活动。
被动语态&定语从句：After the lunch break, you will be guided to the playground, where you will practice Chinese martial arts, which are good for your health. 午休后，你们会被带去操场练习中国武术，这对你们的健康有好处。

读后续写
阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事
My dad, George, only had an eighth grade education. A quiet man, he didn’t understand my world of school activities. From age 14. he worked. And his dad, Albert, took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses.
I didn’t really understand his world either: He was a livestock trucker, and I thought that I would surpass（超过）anything he had accomplished by the time I walked across the stage at high school graduation.
Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets, hitting a baseball, or throwing a football, preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team. In poor weather, I read about sports or practiced my trombone（长号）.
The summer before my eighth grade I was one of a group of boys that a neighboring farmer hired to work in his field. He explained our basic task, the tractor fired up and we were off, riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with chemicals. After a short way, the farmer stopped and pointed at a weed which we missed. Then we began again. This happened over and over, but we soon learned to identify different grasses like cockleburs, lamb’s-quarters, foxtails, and the king of weeds, the pretty purple thistle. It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to.
At home, my dad said, “A job’s a big step to growing up. I’m glad you will be contributing to the household.” My dad’s words made me realize that my earnings might not be mine to do with as I wished.
My labors lasted about two weeks, and the farmer said there might be more work, but I wasn’t interested. I decided it was not fair that I had to contribute my money.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1
The pay day arrived at last. ___________________________..
Paragraph 2
I understand immediately what my parents were worried about. ___________________________.
Paragraph 1:
The pay day arrived at last. I was glad that I finally got the payment after working hard for two weeks. While walking back home with an excited mind. I conceived many plans about how to dispose of it. I needed a new football because the old one we played had already worn out. I intended to purchase my favorite chocolates. Upon approaching the house, I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck, looking sadly. It seemed as if something unpleasant happened. “How much do we still need to pay for a new truck?". asked my mother. Three hundred dollars, but we just had two hundred left.”
Paragraph 2:
I understood immediately what my parents were worried about. Really, the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way, which made my dad in trouble. My parents had intended to buy a new truck but couldn't afford it. Suddenly, I realized what I should do. Stepping forward, I said, “Dad, here is what I received for my work. I think it would help you a little.” A little surprised at what I said, my mom hugged me tightly. That night, before I went to bed, l thought I would tell the farmer the next day that I would continue my work, after all l grew up.


7.【2021年6月天津卷】
在英国留学完毕时寄居在同学家里，学成归来后同学的母亲Nancy发来祝贺的邮件，并询问假期计划和大学要选的专业。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【解题】
主题思想：英国留学回国也就是高中毕业，收到同学母亲Nancy 发来祝贺的邮件，询问假期计划和大学要选的专业。

【参考范文】
Congratulations on your graduation! I am your best friend’s mum, Nancy. I feel so glad that you both are on a new start to university soon. After years of study abroad in our country here in Britain, I think you must have had a good knowledge of English and good adaptation here. All of these are result of your constant efforts I! All your pains pay off!
I just wonder what major you will choose in your university. If you could tell me your choice and your reason behind it, I would really appreciate since I want to take it as a reference to help my kid to choose a proper major. As China is developing very fast, I am planning to send my kid to China to further education maybe. Another request is that I would like to know your vacation plan. For instance, what will you do, where will you go and who will you go with?
Finally, you are welcomed at anytime to my house and be my guest. Congratulations again!


8.【2021年3月天津卷】
假设你是晨光中学的李津。我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。内容包括：
（1）该地方的基本情况（如名称、地理位置等）；
（2）该地方的特色（如文化、景点等）；
（3）你对该地方的印象和感受。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
A Beautiful Place in China
March 19, 2021
By Li Jin

A Beautiful Place in China
March 19, 2021
By Li Jin
Sichuan Province is located in southwestern part of China. It enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan lrrigation project.
Jiuzhaigou National Park is a nature reserve in the north of Sichuan Province. What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes. What's more, walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals like giant pandas, golden monkeys. There are also many species of rare plants protected here. Another famous scenic spot is Dujangyan lrrigation Project. It dates from over 2, 000 years ago. However, it is still playing an important part in irrigation today.
I'm sure the visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery in Jiazhaigou as well as the construction Dujiangyan lrigation Project.
解析：
(1)写作思路
考查应用文写作。本次书面表达要求给英文网站《最美中华》栏目投稿，介绍介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。写作时要包含题中已给内容，可适当发挥增加其他内容。注意在进行文章内容描写时一定要贴合实际，不能胡编乱造。根据题干可知，写作时主要采用一般现在时和第三人称，要求语言表达准确，描述内容贴合实际，不要出现语法和拼写错误。
(2)重点词汇/句型
a. places of interest名胜古迹；
b. What is the most impressive is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes.what引导的主语从句 ；
c. What's more此外；
d. have a chance to do sth.有机会做某事；
e. There be句型；
f. It dates from追溯到；
g. play an important part in在……中扮演重要角色；
h. as well as以及；
(3)其他高级句型
a. It is adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事怎么样。

2020年高考真题
1. 【2020·全国卷I】
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括:
1. 人物简介；
2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文题目和首句已为你写好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【范文】
The person I respect
We have a lot of respectable people around us. They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders. As for me, my father is the person I respect most. My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much. He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students. So, in my mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.
2. 【2020·全国卷II】
上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍这次活动，内容包括:
1. 农场情况；
2. 采摘过程；
3. 个人感受
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。
题目:My Weekend
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
My Weekend
Organized by the student union, a group of volunteers went to Hope Farm to help the farmers pick peaches last weekend. The farm is situated at the foot of a mountain, the sky is blue and the air is fresh. We were attracted by the beautiful scenery. There are different kinds of fruit trees as well as a variety of animals.
On arriving, we saw red ripe peaches hanging on the tree. Using baskets and ladders, We first picked the ones that were most beautiful in color, then those that were ripe and soft. I couldn’t wait to take a bite, and the sweet juice went down my throat.
I was grateful for this opportunity to get close to nature. Not only would I be able to experience fruit picking, but I could also feast on the sweetness!
3. 【2020·全国卷III】
假定你是李华，你和同学根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。给外教Miss Evans写封邮件，请她帮忙指导。邮件内容包括:
1. 剧情简介；
2. 指导内容；
3. 商定时间地点。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 结束语已为你写好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【范文】
Dear Miss Evans,
How is everything going! I am writing in sincerity to ask you a favor regarding a play we adapted according to the textbook.
We’d like to combine your culture with ours by adapting the classic novel The Steamboat for a short English play. The play is set on a big storm after midnight, on the raft down the river navigation, we see a steamboat that is going to sink. We saved a scared boy. However, the adaption is quite a challenge. Having written the English script, we don’t want anything inappropriate to spoil the play. So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes? If it is convenient, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details?
Given your busy schedule, I’d be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advice. Look forward to your early reply. Best regards!
Yours truly,
Li Hua
4. 【2020·天津卷1】
假设你是晨光中学的李津。下周你校将与英国友好校举办一场在线会议, 探讨如何利用网络学习英语, 请你根据以下提示撰写一篇发言稿：
（1）介绍你是如何利用网络学习英语的（至少写出两点）
（2）简单谈谈你对利用网络学习英语的看法
（3）请友好校的学生分享他们的经验。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节, 使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
Good morning, dear friends. My name is Li Jin. I'd like to take this opportunity to talk about how I learn English on the Internet.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you.
【范文】
Good morning, dear friends. My name is Li Jin. I'd like to take this opportunity to talk about how I learn English on the Internet.
First, there are a lot of free resources related to English on the Internet, so I learn English by reading books or news, listening to postcodes and by watching streaming videos of TV and film. Besides, the Internet gives me the chance to communicate in real-time with native speakers using instant messaging, video calling and online forums, which improves my spoken and written English.
Based on my own experience, learning English online is really a great way for English learners. But I have to remind that not everything on the Internet is right and we should learn to identify the wrong information. In the end, I sincerely hope that you can share your experience of learning English on the Internet.

5. 【2020·天津卷2】
假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你校于6月8日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍关情况，内容包括:
(1)成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事边录像)；
(2)对活动的感受；
(3)对自己未来的展望。
注意:
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行方连贯；
(3)开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
成人礼 the coming-of age ceremony
新冠脑炎 COVID-F9
Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to hear from you.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【范文】
Dear Chris,
I am so glad to hear from you. The coming-of-age ceremony was held in our school on June 8th this month. During the coming-of-age ceremony, the headmaster congratulated us on stepping into the adult, reviewing the growth period that we had experienced. After that, we all watched the video of alumnus fighting against the epidemic.
Through the activity, what I felt is that I am able to shoulder the responsibility and make us stronger and more determined. When faced with the difficulties and failures, I must overcome them. In the future, I will be a good doctor to heal the wounded and rescue the dying, devoting myself to my work.
Best wishes！
Yours,
Li Jin

6. 【2020·浙江卷】
假定你是李华，你校来自爱尔兰的外教Peter因病回国休假。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括:1. 询问近况；2. 分享班级最新消息；3. 表达祝愿。
注意:1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Peter,
I am sorry to hear that you have gone back home on sick leave. How are you feeling now?
I hope my good news for you will sweep away the shadow of disease. Last month, an English festival was held in our school, and our class performed a song which you taught us at the festival. As soon as we finished the song, all the audience gave us warm applause. If only you had been there.
We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
One fall，my wife Elli and I had a single goal:to photograph polar bears. We were staying at a research camp outside “the polar bear capital of the world”-the town of Churchill in Manitoba，Canada.
Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous. Polar bears-like all wild animals-should be photographed from a safe distance. When I'm face to face with a polar bear，I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens. But sometimes，that is easier said than done. This was one of those times.
As Elli and I cooked dinner，a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed，and smelled our garlic bread.
The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp，which was surrounded by a high wire fence. He pulled and bit the wire. He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts.
Terrified，Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew. We yelled at the bear，hit pots hard，and fired blank shotgun shells into the air. Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off. Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子).
I radioed the camp manager for help. He told me a helicopter was on its way，but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived. Making the best of this close encounter(相遇)，I took some pictures of the bear.
Elli and I feared the fence wouldn't last through 30 more minutes of the bear's punishment. The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray. The spray burns the bears' eyes，but doesn't hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and，through the fence，sprayed him in the face. With an angry roar(吼叫)，the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.
注意:1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. 【2020·江苏卷】
请阅读下面有关中国题材纪录片(documentary)的对话，并按照要求用英语写一篇150个词左右的文章。
Su Hua: Hi, Li Jiang! Did you see the BBC documentary on CCTV 9 last week?
Li Jiang: You mean Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet? Yes, I did. Fantastic!
Su Hua: Just think an English actor recites Chinese poems.
Li Jiang: I don’t really understand every line he recites, but I believe he truly loves the poems himself.
Su Hua: Right. It is reported that the film is well received outside China.
Li Jiang: Yeah, It’s my first time to hear Chinese stories told by an English speaker.
Su Hua: In fact, documentaries about our country are plentiful both at home and abroad. These films can help foreign friends better understand this land-Chinese literature, geography history, food...
Li Jiang: I couldn’t agree more.

（写作内容）
1.用约30个词概括上述对话的主要内容；
2.谈谈中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因(至少两点)。
（写作要求）
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
（评分标准）
内容完整语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
CCTV 9 broadcast Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet, a documentary produced by BBC. This well-made film provides foreign audiences with a fresh way of better knowing China’s past and present.
Documentaries about China, produced either in China or in other countries, are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners. For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
For another, China enjoys a long history and rich culture. It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. These documentaries present a splendid picture of China in front of their audiences-it history, landscape, art, food, or even traditional Chinese medicine.
Because of these films, some foreigners have begun to think of coming to China. In this way, they can form a true picture of China themselves.
2019年高考真题
1. 【2019·全国卷I】
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要剧版中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势；
3.能做的事情。
注意:：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.结束语已为你写好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua.

【写作指导】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。
1.审题立意
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写申请信，人称使用第一人称和第二人称，时态用一般现在式。
2.谋篇布局
书信格式，称呼和落款文中已经给出。首段，写信的目的，中间段写个人优势和能做的事，最后一段总结。
3.关键词
根据写作要点及构思好的提纲我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇有：volunteer，a Chinese Painting Exhibition，local city，advantages，a good command of，beneficial for，familiarity with，appreciate ，take my application into consideration。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误，并增加一些细节和过渡性的词汇，如First of all, Besides, to begin with，moreover，as for me，Last but not least，等，使全文衔接自然，语义流畅。
【范文】
Dear sir or madam,
I am a Chinese student named Li Hua, who is studying in London during the summer vacation. Knowing that the local art gallery will hold an exhibition of Chinese paintings, I am writing to apply for volunteering. As a student who has learned Chinese painting since 5 years old, I am very pleased to have an opportunity to introduce Chinese paintings to foreigners. Besides, my fluent spoken English and rich knowledge about Chinese paintings will help visitors understand the meaning behind each painting deeply. I will appreciate it if I could be given the opportunity.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua.
【点睛】
本文首段开门见山，表达了写信的目的；第2段详细介绍了个人的优势和能做的事情，an outgoing boy, who is studying in London.此处使用了同位语和非限制性定语从句。having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city.使用了分词做状语和宾语从句及被动语态。having lived in China for sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child, I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.使用了分词和非限制性定语从句。另外First of all, Besides, Last but not least的使用使文章富有条理性。此外，还使用了高级句式结构，如I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration条件状语从句。

2. 【2019·全国卷II】
假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括:
1.比赛信息；
2.赛前准备；
3.表达期待。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month. The match will take place in our school gym on the afternoon of July 4th. We will play against the team from HongXing High School. In order to win the match, we should get fully prepared and practice hard. So from tomorrow, we need to train for two hours after school every day. Please come to the school gym at 6:30 pm from Monday to Friday.
You’re an excellent player. With you on the team, we are confident that we can win the game. Let’s try hard together!
Cheers,
Li Hua
【分析】今年的书面表达沿袭近几年的体裁，仍旧是应用文。本次书面表达要求考生写一封邮件告知队友有关比赛的信息。
本篇书面表达是一封告知信。首先要告知写信目的；然后简明扼要地告知排球比赛的时间、地点以及赛前的准备事项，注意事件信息的三要素：时间、地点、人物，要交代清楚；第三则要表达对队友的期待和鼓励。
【点睛】本文内容完整，详略得当，并运用了高级句式。I’m writing to let you know that we will have a volleyball match next month.宾语从句；In order to win the match不定式作目状语。文章语言流畅，上下文转换自然。
3. 【2019·全国卷III】
假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括:
1.时间；
2.活动安排；
3.欢迎他表演节目。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【范文】
Dear Allen,
How is everything going? Our school will hold a music festival next Sunday morning in the school hall. And I’m writing to invite you to join us.
The opening ceremony will start at 9:00 am, and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech. Then there will be various fantastic performances played by talented students. You are definitely welcome to show up on stage, which will add color and fun to our festival.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【解析】
今年的书面表达要求考生写邮件，告知英国朋友音乐节的情况。
【详解】首先确定提纲。先介绍写作目的，之后介绍音乐节的时间、活动安排等具体信息，最后欢迎他表演节目。
第二，根据提纲，确定关键词语，如：How is everything going? a music festival，in the school hall，The opening ceremony等。
第三，注意选用合适的连接词将各要点串联起来。
【点睛】本文内容完整，详略得当。并使用了高级句式。如：You are definitely welcome to show up on stage, which will add color and fun to our festival.定语从句。提升了文章档次。
4. 【2019·北京卷】
第一节 (15分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括:
1.交通出行；
2.必备衣物。
注意:
1.词数不少于50；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【范文】
Dear Jim,
I’m pleased that you’re coming to tour in China.
I suggest that you begin from Beijing, and I’ll show you around. Tianjin will be your next stop. After that, you can go to Shanghai, where you can stay for a week. You can take high-speed trains to both cities. Summer in these cities is hot and rainy, so take summer wear plus an umbrella with you.
Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
Li Hua

【写作指导】
本文是一篇应用文，要求给朋友写回信。
【详解】红星中学高三学生李华的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。要求给他回复邮件，内容包括: 1.交通出行； 2.必备衣物。本文时态应采用一般现在时和一般将来时，用第一人称和第二人称来写。文章可以分为三部分来写：首先表达欢迎Jim来中国；然后交代交通出行和必备衣物；最后盼望朋友的到来。注意使用高级词汇和句式，为文章增添色彩；注意使用连接词、衔接词，使文章自然、流畅。
【点睛】本文内容完整，语言表述流畅。文章使用了几个高分句型。that you’re coming to tour in China.和that you begin from Beijing, and I’ll show you around.是宾语从句。 where you can stay for a week.是非限制性定语从句。
5. 【2019·天津卷】
假设你是晨光中学的李津，英国友好校将派教师来你校参加为期一周的暑期交流活动。活动期间，英方教师Chris 将做一个有关西方艺术的讲座、现就讲座内容征求你校学生的意见。请根据以下提示给Chris写一封电子邮件:
（1）你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐、美术、舞蹈中任选其一）；
（2）选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；
（3）希望从中有何收获。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100：
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出、不计入总词数。
Dear Chris，
I'm Li Jim，a student at Chenguang High School.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your time.
Yours，
Li Jin
【写作指导】
这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化。平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果.
【范文】
Dear Chris，
I'm Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. I got the news that your school will send teachers to my school for a week-long summer exchange. During the activity，you will give a lecture on Western art. You want to seek for advice on what topic the lecture will be about. From my personal note，music is my priority.
I am interested in all kinds of music，among which Jazz is my favorite. I want to know about the history of jazz，and some famous jazz singers. I would appreciate it if you can add some sessions of enjoying jazz.
Thank you for your time.
Yours，
Li Jin
评分原则
1. 本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后综合给分。
3. 词数少于100的，从总分中减去2分。
4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。每错误书写3个单词从总分中减去1分，原则上不超过3分，重复的不计。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。标点符号错误，将视其对交际的影响程度的情减分。
6. 如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
内容要点
1. 你喜欢的讲座话题（从音乐、美术、舞蹈中任选其一）；
2. 选择该话题的原因及关于该话题你感兴趣的内容；
3. 希望从中有何收获。
各档次的给分范围和要求
分数档
内容
语法结构和词汇
衔接和连贯
整体效果
第五档21-25分（很好）
覆盖所有内容要点，并有适当发挥。
应用了较丰富的语法结构和词汇；表达准确、地道；有个别错误，但不影响对写作内容的理解。
有效使用衔接手段，内容连贯，结构紧凑
具备较强的语言运用能力；完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档16-20分（好）
覆盖所有内容要点。
应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务要求；表达基本准确，些许错误对写作内容的理解影响不大。
应用了简单的连接成分，全文结构较紧凑。
达到了预期的写作目的
第三档11~15分（一般）
漏掉一些内容，覆盖部分内容要点。
应用的语法结构和词汇能基本满足任务要求；有一些错误，对写作内容的理解造成了一定影响。
应用了简单的连接成分，内容基本连贯。
基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档6-10分（较差）
漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，有一些无关内容。
语法结构单调，词汇项目有限；错误较多，且在很大程度上影响了对写作内容的理解。
较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档1~5分（差）
明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关的内容，可能未理解试题要求
语法结构单调，词汇项目有限；错误较多，严重影响了对写作内容的理解。
缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
基本信息未能传达给读者。
0分
未能传达给读者任何信息；内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
6. 【2019·浙江卷】
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括:
1.表示感谢；
2.回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3.临别祝愿。
注意:
1.词数80左右；
2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【写作指导】
这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来.动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能选漏要点，跑题偏题.本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达，写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次.特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化.平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果。
【范文】
Dear Chris,
I am so regretful to know that you are going to return to your home before long. We get along well during your stay in China and you offered me lots of help. I would like to express my gratitude to you for your help with my English. While studying in China, you always spent your free time in helping me polish up my oral English. It is you who shared me with rich knowledge of English and English culture. Never will I forget you and your kindness. It is my hope that you can remember me as often as possible.
Yours,
Li Hua
2018年高考真题
1.【2018·全国卷I】
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1．到达时间；
2．合适的礼物；
3．餐桌礼仪。
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【试题分析】
书面表达具有很强的开放性和选择性，给予考生畅所欲言的空间，摆脱单一方法，唯一答案的思维模式，在展示多彩思维活动的同时，真正考查了考生语言能力、文化意识、思维品质和学习能力，让考生感受英语学习的趣味与魅力，突出英语学科的独有特征。
2018年全国卷I书面表达体裁为应用文电子邮件，内容为回复外国朋友Terry的邮件，向其介绍在中国家庭做客方面的相关习俗。要求文中涵盖试题给出的三方面内容要点，即到达时间、合适的礼物和餐桌礼仪。该题型和内容设计紧密联系考生实际，但是，餐桌礼仪这个普通得再普通不过的日常小节反而在生活中被很多中学生忽略了。如果没有跨文化对比凝练出的思维品格和文化素养的意识，学生很难在短时间内写出中国老百姓的餐桌礼仪文化。例如受邀赴宴客人可以准时到达但切忌过早到达。外地客人所带礼物常见为能体现客人当地特色的物品。但注意，传统的中国人收到礼物后一般不会当着客人的面打开。中国餐桌为圆桌，正对门的位置为上座，一般为长者位置。 中国人特别尊敬长辈，用餐时，需等长辈先动筷子。吃饭时不得发出声响，强调“食不语寝不言”等。中国地域广文化差异也很大，给予思维发散的考生提供了充分表达自己的空间和机会。
在宣传中国习俗文化的同时，对考生的跨文化意识、思维品质提出了更高的要求，鼓励考生站在外国人的角度讲中国习俗特色，积极调动语言，阐明事实，表明差异。
【思路点拨】
本文是一篇电子邮件类应用文写作。餐桌礼仪也是考生比较熟悉的话题。成文时注意以下几点：内容要点要齐全1．到达时间；2．合适的礼物；3．餐桌礼仪。时态：主要用一般现在时和将来时；人称：第三人称。注意使用恰当的高级词汇、短语或句型，以提高作文的水平；适当使用一些连接词和插入语，使文章表达自然、流畅。
1. 浏览信息要点
2.三个任务点，第一段内容：问候对方，马上呈现对方所涉及的话题，拜访中国家庭，做客时间的要求和忌讳! 第二段内容：做客拜访的合适礼物，可以适当延展，初次拜访，亲密朋友之间拜访，二次拜访，家庭情况适合的礼物，通用的礼物等。第三段：table manners,可以描述两三个通常的中国人的餐桌礼节和忌讳的地方，有鲜明特色之处，最后一句表达祝愿。
3.时态，给对方的建议和说明，用一般现在时，描述风俗礼仪这是客观规律性的东西，用一般现在时。
4.头脑风暴短语、句型结构，开始打草稿
5.行文
6.检查拼写和语法。
【满分范文】
Dear Terry,
How are you doing? Learning that you are about to pay a visit to a Chinese friend and confused about the Chinese customs, I am writing to put forward some advice.
Firstly, I would like to suggest that you arrive 5 to 10 minutes earlier, which is common in Chinese traditional culture. Secondly, if I were you, I would bring some appropriate gifts with me, such as souvenirs from my own country. Besides, table manners are also what you should pay attention to. For example, you are not supposed to stick your chopsticks into your food. Instead, laying them on your dish is a smart choice.
If you have any other problems, please don’t hesitate to contact me.
Yours
Li Hua
【素材积累】
做客礼仪：
1. 预先约定一个时间以便对方事先作好安排。如果事先已经约定好了时间，就应遵守约定，准时到达，如需提早十分钟二十分钟之内可以接受，不要迟到，以免主人等候，也不要太早到，以免主人未作好准备。这是一个基本礼节问题。
2.如果有专属地域文化特色的礼物是最好的。如果朋友家有长辈，带点烟酒和茶叶或一些老人家用的保健品等；如果朋友家有小孩，带点儿童玩具或买箱牛奶，然后加点烟酒或茶叶；
不要送钟、梨、伞等这些东西，被认为不吉祥。
3.主人会请客人入座上席，再请长辈入座客人旁。入座的时侯要从椅子的左边进入。在中餐结束时，筷子应整齐地放在靠碗右边的桌上，并应等客人们都放下筷子以后，主人示意离席后方可以离开，不能自己吃完了放下筷子就走，这样做是很没礼貌的表现。
常用词语和句子
准时 on time/punctually
餐桌礼仪 table manners
合适的、恰当的 appropriate
拜访 pay a visit to
You are supposed/expected/required to do…
It’s a good idea to…
It’s appropriate/suitable to do …
It’s sensible/reasonable/advisable to do …
It’s good manners to do …
It’s noteworthy that…
I think it would be more helpful if you could do…
It would be wise of you to…
It’s desirable to do …
It’s inappropriate to do …
It’s impolite to do…
It’s unwise/inadvisable to do …
Never （助动词/系动词/情态动词）主语+谓语动词…
It’s not suitable for you to do…in such a situation.
【备考启示】
近年来高考写作的命题常用的思想就是高起点低落点。高起点题目很高，中国文化，中国故事，中国礼仪等等，但最终都把它们落在应用文的框架里，这就是低落点。写这样的作文，一定要注意不能写过于具体的内容，要找最重要的，最熟悉的写，不要面面俱到，中国餐桌礼仪内容太多，100单词无法写。找重点，以点带面。但选择重要内容本身就是一种能力。
2.【2018·全国卷I I】
你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括：
(1)短片内容：学校的发展；
(2)放映时间、地点；
(3)欢迎对短片提出意见。
注意：
(1)词数100左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【试题分析】
2018年高考英语书面表达体裁为通知，替学校的“英语天地”邀请学生看英文短片Growing together。继2015年，2016年，2017年连续三年考查信件认识人写信之后，全国二卷考查了应用文中的另一典型体裁，内容为邀请电影相关的时间，地点的通知。学生对该题材和内容熟悉，对词汇的要求也相对基础。
纵观全国II卷英语书面表达，从题材上来讲，除了2014年考查了记叙文，十年中九年均考查了应用文，应用文占90%。所以考生在高考的英语写作的准备中应当把重心放在应用文上，熟练掌握英语应用文写作的几个相关专项，并且熟识高考英语基础词汇。
2009——2018年高考英语新课标卷II书面表达
年份
命题形式
文体
内容
2009
文字提纲
信件——回信
写信介绍改建后前门大街的情况
2010
文字提纲
信件——去信
给笔友写信告知招聘广告信息
2011
文字提纲
信件——祝贺信
写信向学校辅导中心求助
2012
文字提纲
信件——申请信
申请参加国际中学生新加坡夏令营
2013
文字提纲
信件——去信
请笔友代卖自己制作的中国结
2014
文字提纲
短文
十年后的我
2015
文字提纲
信件——邀请信
邀请外教一起去敬老院陪老人过重阳节
2016
文字提纲
信件——邀请信
邀请英国朋友Peter参加摄影比赛并提供摄影作品
2017
文字提纲
信件——邀请信
写信邀请外教参加剪纸展览
2018
文字提纲
通知
通知观看英语短片
【写作点拨】
英语书面通知的时态应该以一般将来时为主，多使用被动语态、简单句。在通知中不应当过度的使用较复杂的词语和读起来拗口的句子。
第二个注意点：层次一定要清晰，一个层次要表达一件事情，使人看起来一目了然。
【满分范文】
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please? Recently, an outstanding movie will be shown in our campus. Welcome to join us end enjoy it! Here are some relevant details about it.
To begin with, the name of the movie is Growing together, which is about the development of our beloved school; as a result, it will be not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, it will be in the library from 2:00 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th . What’s more, everyone of you will be welcome to take part in it, enjoying the movie, having a heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.    
Hopefully, you would make it to our activity. I have the confidence that you will have a great time.
The Student Union
3.【2018·全国卷III】
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 学校的体育场馆；
2. 主要的运动项目；
3. 你喜欢的项目。
注意：1. 词数100左右：
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】
本题作文为提纲式作文，形式依然是书信，即给英国朋友Peter介绍学校体育运动情况，属于学校生活话题。这一话题贴合学生生活的实际，学生并不陌生，有话可说。
首先可以介绍学校的体育场馆，场馆的位置，大小，开放时间等等。然后简要介绍学校主要开设的体育项目有哪些，可挑选一到两个做详细介绍，如学生的活动时间，活动形式，以及此类活动的好处等。再次简要分析自己喜欢的体育项目是什么，并简单分析喜欢的原因，自己从中得到的益处等。文章可主要采用一般现在时态，第一人称的方式来写。
【满分范文】
Dear Peter,
I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch.
To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I’m intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.
All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
Yours,
Li Hua
4.（2018·浙江卷）
第一节 应用文写作
假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：
1. 口语能力：
2. 相关经验；
3. 应聘目的。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【思路点拨】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写应聘信。
第一步：根据提示可知，学校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。要求写封应聘信，内容包括：
1. 口语能力：2. 相关经验；3. 应聘目的。
第二步：根据写作要求确定关键词（组）。
第三步：根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【范文】
Dear Sir or Madam,
My name is Li Hua. And I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of our school English association.
I have a good command of English and have been to the USA twice. So I can communicate well with native speakers of English. What’s more, I am kind and friendly to other people. So I can easily get along with foreign students.
I’m particularly interested in this job because I want to further improve my oral English capabilities and interpersonal communication skills.
Hopefully I can receive your acceptance.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
5.（2018·天津卷）
假设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少年机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。
（1）比赛的时间、地点；
（2）邀请他的原因；
（3）训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。
注意：（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：
世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you. ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Jin

【思路点拨】
本篇书面要求写一封邀请信。写作的时候要注意以下几点：动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。内容要点包括：1. 代表兴趣小组发出邀请；2. 介绍比赛的时间、地点等安排；3. 说明邀请他的原因，包括Chris曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖；4. 告诉他训练计划将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。写作时注意准确运用时态，对于本文来说，以一般将来时为主，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【满分范文】
Dear Chris,
I have good news to tell you. The World Adolescent Robotics Competition will be held in Tianjin at the end of July. Hearing that you once took part in a Robotics Skills Competition and won an award, I, on behalf of the Robotics Hobby Group, intend to invite you to join our team in the coming competition. I am sure that your involvement will not only help us in winning the award but also enhance the friendship between our two schools. 
With this email I also send you our training plan, about which I wish to get your advice because you are more experienced than us. We sincerely hope that we can participate in the competition as team partners.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Jin
6.（2018·北京卷）
第一节
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：
(1) 表示欢迎；
(2) 推荐他上哪所大学；
(3) 建议他做哪些准备工作。
注意：(1). 词数不少于50；
(2). 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【思路点拨】
本文为提纲式作文，文章要求写推荐信，为英国朋友介绍北京的大学。首先可以介绍一下写作背景（Jim对中国文化感兴趣，要来中国学习），表达欢迎。然后推荐一所大学，并简要介绍推荐的原因（如大学的特色，可以学到什么等）。再次简单介绍应该做哪方面的准备，如可以提前学习汉语，读点有关中国传统文化的书，了解中国的习俗，让自己更好地适应中国的生活。文章可采用一般现在时，人称可以使用第二人称。

【满分范文】
Dear Jim,
I’m so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.
Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. As for preparation, some reading in advance in needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.
I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes. If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua