2023届江西省上饶市高三下学期第二次高考模拟考试英语卷-（含答案）

2023届江西省上饶市高三下学期第二次高考模拟考试英语卷

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

STEM Summer Programs for High School Students

STEM is a term that stands for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Here is a list of some of the best STEM summer camps for high school students.

Future Matters Program

It is an eight-week paid summer research experience for high school students. This is a hands-on program for worldwide students interested in going after a career in medical research. Students will attend seminars led by faculty and participate in discussions with peers.

Simons Summer Research

It is a seven-week program located at Stony Brook University. Students will have the opportunity to participate in special workshops, tours and events. They will conclude the program by producing a written research abstract and research poster.

Research Science Institute

It is the first cost-free program of its kind. During this seven-week program, students will dive deeper into the world of science and engineering by experiencing the entire research cycle. In this program, students attend classes conducted by famous professors and prepare oral presentations to present their research.

Program in Math for Young Scientists

This program is a six-week intensive mathematics program designed for students across the globe. Unlike common programs, it offers a great deal of independence for students to choose their own schedules and decide what they want to study. Besides learning, there is also “mandatory (强制)fun time” built into the weekly schedule so that students are able to have non-math related activities.

1．Which program will be summarized with written material?

A．Future Matters Program. B．Simons Summer Research.

C．Research Science Institute. D．Program in Math for Young Scientists.

2．What do Simons Summer Research and Research Science Institute have in common?

A．Expense. B．Requirement. C．Duration. D．Content.

3．What’s special in Program in Math for Young Scientists?

A．Cultivating independent sill. B．Attending non-math activities.

C．Enrolling international students. D．Tailoring personal schedules.

Studies estimate that we pick up our smartphones between 58 and 96 times a day. If my phone is by my side, then I’m constantly checking it. Last year, I decided to make a change: I signed up for the Phone Breakup Challenge. The goal isn’t to get rid of your phone, but to develop a more intentional way of using it.

The first few days were easy enough. Before unlocking my phone, I must answer three questions first: “What for? Why now? What else?” I kept the questions on my lock screen. On Day 7, I had lunch without my phone for company. It was pleasant. I realized that, by always having my phone on hand, I was preventing myself from sitting still with my thoughts.

One of the biggest lessons of the challenge was that willpower wasn’t enough, but having multiple barriers to make it less appealing and accessible did help. Day 20 was the long awaited 24-hour no-phone period. It was much easier not to check my phone when it was totally off instead of in another room. I noticed that a feeling of calm had spread within me.

    It’s true that phones are fun and filled with my favorite people. There’s nothing wrong with mindless distraction. The problem is when that becomes a habit. Not constantly checking my phone helped reduce that annoying habit of texting and talking at the same time or pulling out my phone when being with someone I love hanging out with.

Now, I am pleased to see I really do use my phone less. When I get home, I leave my phone in my bag by the door instead of bringing it from room to room. I now also enjoy activities that I used to run out of time for, like going for neighborhood walks or trying new recipes.

4．Why did the author take part in the Phone Breakup Challenge?

A．To lead a life without using a phone. B．To improve her phone-using habit.

C．To do research about the use of phones. D．To distract herself from social media.

5．What can we learn about the author’s first few days of the challenge?

A．She had a hard time ignoring her phone.

B．She turned her phone off to avoid using it.

C．She locked her phone with a new password

D．She enjoyed keeping her phone away.

6．What is a better way to keep away from our phones?

A．Make it hard to access it. B．Find fun from other activities.

C．Ask others for supervision. D．Build strong self-confidence.

7．What message does the author convey in the text?

A．Mindless distraction is a part of our lives.

B．Reducing screen time is not so difficult.

C．Spending less time on our phone is beneficial.

D．Technology makes it hard for us to concentrate.

Around the world, rivers seem to be raging. While catastrophic flooding of Pakistan’s rivers has left tens of millions without homes, a drought unseen for 500 years has squeezed Europe’s major waterways almost dry. There is little disagreement about what’s going on: climate change is causing both rainfall and droughts to intensify. The question now is how to manage those climate-changed waterways and, specifically, what role dams should play in fighting against the kinds of disasters.

Advocates say water storage dams will become more essential to mitigate extreme water flows by absorbing water during flooding and releasing it in times of drought. Dams, they say, can help combat climate change by producing renewable hydropower (水力发电) that is cleaner than fossil fuel energy.

However, criticisms have long centered on the negative impact most dams have on biodiversity and river ecosystems. Not only do the vast amounts of concrete used to build large dams leave huge carbon footprints, there is also much evidence that greenhouse gas emissions from dams are often far greater than previously thought. Increasingly a scientific case is also being made that dams actually worsen both floods and droughts.

Now, more dam developers are turning to “run-of-river” technology, in which the river’s water flows continuously through a hydropower station without a reservoir (水库) to store it. Such projects are generally considered more environmentally friendly, but they do not allow for water to be managed according to weather conditions.

Then there are those who say we should stay away from dams, and look for ways using nature-based solutions. Many ecologists say that protecting wetlands, for example, should be a priority, since those ecosystems act as natural (海绵) for floodwaters within a river basin. “We have turned river basins into economic machines that only serve people and not nature, and this creates more problems, like droughts and flooding.” says Herman Wanningen, the founder of the advocacy group Dam Removal Europe. “We have to learn to cooperate with nature and not against it anymore.”

8．What does the underlined word “mitigate” refer to in prara2?

A．Ease. B．Motivate. C．Block. D．Store.

9．Why do critics oppose the construction of dams?

A．It needs a large amount of concrete. B．It destroys local ecosystem.

C．It may produce negetive effect. D．It gives off harmful gases.

10．What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Dams have long lost their storage function.

B．The starting point of our solution should serve nature.

C．Flooding and droughts can help promote economy.

D．Protecting wetland is a once-and-for-all solution.

11．What’s the best title for the text?

A．Dams’ Traditional Role: Pros and Cons.

B．Disaster Relief: Working with Nature.

C．Building More Dams: A Way Out?

D．Worsening Climate Change: Take Action!

Professors at the University of California San Diego have developed microrobots, which can be a potential treatment for life-threatening cases of bacterial pneumonia, a serious disease affecting lungs and making breathing difficult. In mice, the microrobots safely removed pneumonia-causing bacteria in the lungs and resulted in 100% survival while untreated mice all died within three days after infection.

The microrobots are made of algae (藻类) cells whose surfaces are covered with substances that are filled with antibiotics (抗生素). The algae provides movement, which allows the microrobots to swim around and make antibiotics go directly to more bacteria in the lungs, helping absorb bacteria and clear them of infected cells. This give the microrobots the ability to reduce bacterial infection, which in turn makes them more effective at fighting lung infection.

The work is a joint effort by engineering professors Joseph and Zhang Liangfang. Together, they have pioneered the development of tiny drug-delivering robots that can be safely used in live animals to treat bacterial infections in the stomach and blood. Treating bacterial lung infection is the latest in their line of work.

“In the traditional treatment, sometimes only a very small number of antibiotics will get into the lungs. That’s why many current antibiotic treatments for pneumonia don’t work as well as needed,” said Victor Nizet, a co-worker of Joseph and Zhang “Based on these mouse data, we see that the microrobots could potentially improve the use of antibiotics to kill bacteria and save more patients’ lives.”

The work is still at the proof-of-concept stage. The team plans to do more basic research to understand exactly how the microrobots interact with the immune system (免疫系统). Next steps also include studies to confirm the effectiveness of the microrobot treatment before testing it in larger animals and eventually, in humans. “We’re pushing the boundary further in the field of targeted drug delivery,” said Zhang.

12．How do microrobots work?

A．By doing targeted drug delivery.

B．By interacting with antibiotic-filled matter.

C．By producing algae cells in lungs.

D．By separating harmful cells from healthy ones.

13．What is Victor Nizet’s attitude towards the invention?

A．Doubtful. B．Subjective. C．Cautious. D．Favorable.

14．What does the team expect of the microrobots?

A．They’ll inspire a new line of research.

B．They’ll help strengthen the immune system.

C．They’ll have a wider range of application.

D．They’ll be a further proof of their concept.

15．What is the text mainly about?

A．A scientific invention treating deadly cancers.

B．Tiny swimming robots helping treat pneumonia.

C．A major breakthrough made in antibiotic research.

D．Microrobots employed in the engineering field.

二、七选五

Autistic (自闭症的) children are as known as “children of the stars”0 They may have difficulties communicating with other people. ____16____ By combining music with mobile technology, three students from Shanghai Jiao Tong University have tried to help them with an app called Starrypia.

Tan Yilan, Zhang Junwei and Cai Yu spent five months building their AR-gamified therapy app for children with autism. Children use the app to scan things around them. ____17____ Then they rearrange the parts to create songs. The songs would be recorded in their music diaries.

“This is actually a kind of music therapy. ____18____ The process also trains their abilities.” said Tan. The app encourages children to scan and identify dolls, animals and plants. They even designed different levels, guiding users from their surroundings to nature.

According to the app’s developers, traditional music therapy is usually taken in hospitals. ____19____ But Starrypia makes the process more like a game. Besides, it can be used anytime and anywhere, making the therapy lighter and easier.

Starrypia will soon come out on the APP Store. ____20____ They will return the income to their families. When they tested the app on autistic children, they got good responses, not only in professional terms but also on the children’s faces. “I saw their smiles as they played with Starrypia, making everything worth it,” said Tan.

A．They are combining music with mobile technology.

B．Autistic children can better express themselves by it.

C．And they get parts of music as well as cartoon images.

D．The developers are also preparing to sell the music works.

E．The music therapy app is becoming more and more popular.

F．However, music can open their hearts as a kind of artistic language.

G．Autistic children sit in front of computers learning some music courses.

三、完形填空

After a whole week of rain we finally had a comfortable, beautiful summer day outside. My family and I were driving to a nearby town when my daughter ____21____ a yard sale. Then, a few miles down the road, we saw another, and another, and another, We saw tables full of knickknacks. We saw plates, glasses, and silverware. ____22____, we saw lots of smiling people talking, laughing, sitting, and standing in the sunshine.

Seeing all of this brought back ____23____ of my childhood. Most of the clothes in my closet back then came from ____24____. My mom was a talented yard sale-shopper. When I was little, she would drag me along with her. I used to ____25____ going to them, until one special day when I saw that they also sold old ____26____. After that, I always browsed through the books until it was time to ____27____. Sometimes mom would ____28____ me one too. Soon, a large part of my home library came from yard sale books. For me, these books were more ____29____ than their first editions.

Why do we have yard sales? It certainly isn’t for the ______30______. For all the time and ______31______ people put into them, they would hardly make minimum wage from the sales. I think, rather, it is yard sales that ______32______ us together. We ______33______ our old things and we buy “new” old things. We talk and ______34______ old friends and new neighbors. We get a ______35______ to give and share. We ______36______ through kindness and love among all the old stuff. It’s all about ______37______, both in goods and between people.

I think yard sales teach us something about ______38______ too. We can’t really ______39______ anything here, after all; all we get is ______40______ possession of our stuff, then it comes time for us to let it go and pass it on.

21．A．announced B．spotted C．prepared D．recalled

22．A．Even so B．In short C．At least D．Above all

23．A．problems B．memories C．realities D．dreams

24．A．markets B．neighbors C．yard sales D．shopping malls

25．A．imagine B．enjoy C．practice D．hate

26．A．books B．paintings C．plates D．toys

27．A．go B．start C．work D．register

28．A．award B．write C．buy D．lend

29．A．popular B．useful C．different D．priceless

30．A．fun B．money C．relaxation D．responsibility

31．A．love B．resource C．fund D．effort

32．A．mix B．bring C．guide D．inspire

33．A．get rid of B．put away C．go through D．make use of

34．A．pass by B．look for C．catch up with D．face up to

35．A．tradition B．goal C．chance D．job

36．A．extend B．connect C．learn D．compete

37．A．communication B．information C．delivery D．exchange

38．A．life B．ethics C．economy D．society

39．A．purchase B．explore C．own D．trust

40．A．temporary B．legal C．normal D．full

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空自处填入1个话当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Stone lion is carved out of stone, ____41____ is the common ornament (装饰物) in Chinese traditional architecture, such as temples, bridges, gardens and so on. Lion indicates ____42____ (safe) and luck in China.

It is said that the lion ____43____ (introduce) into China in Han Dynasty from the Western Region. In Chinese culture, lion is ____44____ mythical (神话的) figure rather than real animal. After its introduction, lion gradually became the mascot outside the gate, for Chinese people think that lion can drive away the evil spirits. Another saying of why people take stone lion ____45____ the gate keeper is related to the pronunciation of stone lion (Shishi) in Chinese. Stone sounds like ‘Shi’ in Chinese with the meaning of solid, and the second ‘Shi’ ____46____ (refer) to lion sounds similar to ‘Si’ which means ‘to think about’.

Stone lions have the obvious local ____47____ (feature). The lions from the South are ____48____ (vivid) with many sculptures than the lions from the northern China. The stone lion is carved ____49____ (base) on a kind of architectural ornament frequently used as the base for decent building.

_____50_____ (general), the location of the stone lion is settled with female in the right side and male the left according to Chinese traditional Yin and Yang philosophy.

五、短文改错

51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

This afternoon, our handcraft club held a lanternmaking activity, which a famous folk artist invited to teach us how to make lanterns by hand. He first told us the history and origin of lanterns, and the various materials formed them. After that, he showed us the basic step and skills of lantern making. Then came the time for me to have a try. With the guidance of the artist, all of us finished our works successful.

Through this activity, not only had I improved my handcraft skills, but I have also deepened my understanding of the symbolic meanings of lanterns. I’ve come to realize that our Chinese lantern figures are so popular the worldwide.

六、开放性作文

52．4月23日是世界读书日，你校将以“阅读经典，体味生活”为主题举行英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：

1. 你读过的一本好书；

2. 阅读对你生活的影响。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为100词左右；

2. 短文的题目和首句已为你写好。

Reading Classics, Experiencing life

Every April 23rd is the World Book Day.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：

1．B    2．C    3．D

4．B    5．D    6．A    7．C

8．A    9．C    10．B    11．C

12．A    13．D    14．C    15．B

16．F    17．C    18．B    19．G    20．D

21．B    22．D    23．B    24．C    25．D    26．A    27．A    28．C    29．D    30．B    31．D    32．B    33．A    34．A    35．C    36．B    37．D    38．A    39．C    40．A

41．which    42．safety    43．was introduced    44．a    45．as    46．referring    47．features    48．more vivid    49．based    50．Generally

51．1.which→where

2.invited前加was

3.formed→forming

4.step→steps

5.me→us

6.With→Under

7.successful→successfully

8.had→have

9.that→why

10.去掉the

52．

Reading Classics, Experiencing life

Every April 23rd is the World Book Day. It started in 1995. In order to encourage more people to read more books, all kinds of activities are held on April 23rd. I spend most of my free time reading famous books which affect me greatly. Of all the books, I like the Long March best. From the book I can know about our history better. Reading not only broadens my horizons, but also makes my life more colorful. With the company of books, I never feel lonely. I often share my happiness of reading books with my family and friends. I hope that you will enjoy reading as much as I do.