小升初英语语法专项讲解+练习学案：动词时态（含答案）

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小升初语言知识运用动词时态小学阶段的动词时态主要有:一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时。一、一般现在时表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）。1.一般现在时的用法（1）表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作，或存在的状态。一般现在时常用的时间状语: always(总是), often(常常), usually(通常), sometimes(有时), seldom(很少), every day/week/month/year(每天/周/月/ 年), once/twice … a week/month/year(每周/每月/每年一次/两次…) 等, 例如:I drink milk every day. 我每天都喝牛奶。I don't often watch TV in the evening. 我晚上不经常看电视。Do you often go swimming in summer? 你夏天经常去游泳吗?（2）表示主语的特征、习惯、能力等, 例如: He likes playing football. 他喜欢踢足球。I don't speak Japanese. I speak English. 我不说日语, 我说英语。She sings very well. 她唱歌唱得很好。（3）表示客观事实、普遍真理或者是格言等，例如: The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难识知己。（4）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时， 例如:She wants to be a dancer when she grows up. 她长大后想当一名舞蹈家。Turn off the lights before you leave. 你离开前把灯关了。We can go out and play if it is fine. 如果天气好的话, 我们可以出去玩了。（5）引用报纸、杂志、书籍等时，也用一般现在时，例如: What does the newspaper say? 报纸上写了什么?What is the story about? 这个故事讲了什么? 一般现在时的构成形式 （1）谓语动词是 be 动词时: 肯定式疑问式否定式I am ...Am I ...?（或Are you ...?）I am not ...He/She/It is ...Is he/she/it ...?He/She/It isn’t ...We/You/They are ...Are we/you/they ...?We/You/They are not ... （2）谓语动词是实义动词时:肯定式疑问式否定式I work ...Do you（或I）work ...?I don’t work ...He/She/It works ...Does he/she/it work ...?He/She/It doesn’t work ...We/You/They work ...Do you/we/they work ...?We/You/They don’t work ... 典型例题(1)  My mother always _________ (get) up early in the morning.正确答案 gets解题思路 该题是一般现在时，主语my mother是第三人称单数，动词get用第 三人称单数形式 gets.(2)  -- What _________ you often _________ (do) in the evening?   -- I often _________ (read) some books.正确答案 do, do, read解题思路该题是一般现在时，主语分别是you和I，不是第三人称单数，动词要用原形。 二、现在进行时1.现在进行时的用法（1）表示说话时正在进行的动作，常与now等时间状语连用，例如: It is raining outside. 外面正在下雨。Mum is watching TV in the sitting room. 妈妈正在客厅里看电视。    -- What are you doing now?  - 你现在正在干什么?    -- I'm playing video games in my room.  - 我在我的房间里玩电子游戏。（2）表示现阶段（不一定是说话时）一直在进行的动作，例如:I am learning French these days. 最近我在学法语。He is writing a book recently. 最近他在写一本书。（3）一些表示感觉、状态、心理的动词若要表示现在，不用现在进行时，而用一般 现在时来描述。例如:se（看见），hear（听见），taste（尝起来），smell（问起来），feel（感觉）， have（有）， think（想）， believe（相信）， like（喜欢） Jove（热爱）， wish （希望）， hope （希望），want（想），need（需要），know（知道）， understand（理解），remember（记得）， forget（忘记）等。例如:What do you see in the street? 你在街上看到什么了?He feels tired. 他觉得累了。What smells so nice? 什么东西这么香?I want some water because I am thirsty now. 我想喝些水, 因为我渴了。I don't understand what you say. 我不明白你说的话。She has many Barbie dolls. 她有很多芭比娃娃。但当这些动词与其他单词搭配组成词组，表示相应的动作时，有时可以用于现在 进行时，例如:We are seeing our teacher off at the airport. 我们在机场给我们的老师送行。They are having an English lesson now. 他们正在上英语课。（4）有些瞬间动词如 come， go， leave 等没有现在进行时，但是它们的进行时结 构能表示将来，例如:The bus is coming soon. 公共汽车马上就来了。We are leaving for Beijing. 我们就要出发去北京了。 2.现在进行时的构成形式现在进行时由“be（am，is，are） + 现在分词（动词 - ing形式）”构成，详见下表: 注意:动词的现在分词形式见第七章中的“动词形式”部分。肯定式疑问式否定式I am working ...Am I working ...?（或Are you working ...?）I am not working ...He/She/It is working ...Is he/she/it working ...?He/She/It isn’t working ...We/You/They are working ...Are we/you/they working ...?We/You/They are not working ... 典型例题(1)  Look, some birds _________ (fly) in the sky.正确答案 are flying解题思路 该题句首的Look（看）表示现在进行时，动词结构是be + V - ing形式， 所以填 are flying。 (2) Don't make any noise. The baby _________ (sleep).正确答案 is sleeping解题思路 该题的意思是“别发出吵闹声，婴儿正在睡觉。”是现在进行时，动词 结构是be + V - ing 形式，所以填 is sleeping。 三、一般将来时1.一般将来时的用法一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或状态, 常与表示将来的时间状语连用, 例如: tomorrow(明天), tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening(明天上午/下午/晚上), the day after tomorrow(后天), next week/month/year(下周/下个月/明年), in a few days(几天后), in the future(将来)等, 再如:My father will be back next Sunday. 我爸爸将在下周日回来。We will not go to the zoo if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨, 我们将不去动物园了。另外，“be going to + 动词原形”也表示将来，意为“打算做某事”，例如: -- What are you going to do this summer holiday? 今年暑假你打算做什么? -- I am going to make a trip to Japan. 我准备去日本旅游。Alice is going to see the doctor this afternoon. 爱丽丝准备今天下午去看医生。 2.一般将来时的构成形式一般将来时由“will + 动词原形”构成，当主语是第一人称I或we时，可用shall 代替 will，详见下表:肯定式疑问式否定式I will/shall work ...Will/Shall I work ...?（或Will you work ...?）I will/shall not work ...He/She/I will work ...Will he/she/it work ...?He/She/It will not work ...We will/shall work ...Will/Shall we work ...?（或Will you work ...?）We will/shall not work ...You/They will work ...Will you/they work ...?You/They will not work ... 典型例题(1)  I _________ (finish) reading this book in a few days.正确答案 will finish 或 shall finish解题思路 句中的 in a few days 的意思是几天后，表示一般将来时，所以用一般将来时的结构形式will finish, 当主语是第一人称时也可用shall finish。(2)  He _________ (see) his cousin off at the railway station tomorrow morning.正确答案 will see解题思路 tomorrow morning 明天上午，表示一般将来时，要用一般将来时的结构形式 will see。 四、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的、而现在已经不复存在的动作或状态。1.一般过去时的用法一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语连用, 例如: just now(刚才), yesterday(昨天), yesterday morning/afternoon/evening(昨天上午/下午/晚上), the day before yesterday(前天), last night/week/month/year (昨夜/上周/上个月/去年, two days/… ago(两天/…前), in 2000/…(在2000/…年)等。（1）表示过去某一具体时间或过去某段时间内发生的动作或一度存在的状态， 例如:I went to the cinema with my friend last weekend. 上周末我和朋友去看电 影了。He was not at home yesterday evening. 他昨天晚上不在家。My mother did a lot of housework yesterday afternoon. 我妈妈昨天下午做了 很多家务。She left ten minutes ago. 她十分钟前离开了。（2）表示过去经常反复发生的动作，例如:My parents often took me to the zoo when I was a child. 我小时候父母常带我 去动物园。 2.一般过去时的构成形式（1）谓语动词是 be 动词时，详见下表:肯定式疑问式否定式I was ...Was I ...?（或Were you ...?）I was not ...He/She/It was ...Was he/she/it ...?He/She/It wasn’t ...We/You/They were ...Were we/you/they ...?We/You/They weren’t ... （2）谓语动词是实义动词时，详见下表:肯定式疑问式否定式I worked ...Did you（或I）work ...?I didn’t work ...He/She/It worked ...Did he/she/it work ...?He/She/It didn’t work ...We/You/They worked ...Did you/we/they work ...?We/You/They didn’t work ... 典型例题(1) They _________ (fly) kites in the park last weekend.正确答案 flew解题思路 last weekend（上周末）是一般过去时的标志，动词要用过去式形式，而 fly 的过去式是不规则变化 flew。 (2) -- Where _________ (be) you yesterday evening?-- I _________ (be)in the office.正确答案 were, was解题思路 yesterday evening（昨天晚上）是一般过去时的标志，动词要用过去式形式， are 的过去式是 were， am/is 的过去式是 was。                                练习一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。001. -- Shall we _________ (meet) at the school gate?     -- OK.002. Don't make a noise. The baby _________ (sleep).003. Ann often _________ (swim) in winter.004. Mary _________ (brush) her teeth at 6: 30 every morning.005. My teacher _________ (want) us _________ (clean) our classroom after school.006. We should _________ (do) exercise and eat _________ (health) food.007. Matt never _________ (do) any exercise.008. Look, it _________ (rain) outside. He can't go out.009. Yesterday, the farmer _________ (sit) and _________ (watch) TV on the sofa.010. It _________ (be) cloudy tomorrow.011. The children _________ (have) a P. E. lesson now. Alice likes _________ (skip). Tom and Norman _________ (like) running.012. Mary _________ (get) up late this morning. She _________ (not catch) the school bus.013. We are _________ (go) to the park.014. -- Where is Mary?    -- She _________ (water) the flowers in the garden.015. I _________ (watch) a TV series yesterday evening.016. I _________ (read) many storybooks when I _________ (be) young.017. We _________ (play) volleyball this morning.018. I _________ (do) my homework after supper last night.019. I _________ (have) a nice dream last night.020. Tomorrow is Sunday. We _________ (have) a picnic in the park. 二、根据提示完成句子。021. My mother likes _____________________________________________ (看电视连续剧).022. Did your father _____________________________________________ (做了个美梦) last night?023. _____________________________________________（在年轻时），my grandma _____________________________________________ （有一个成为演员的梦想）.024. The Wright Brothers _____________________________________________ (观察鸟类飞行) when _____________________________________________ (在年轻时).025. My little brother _____________________________________________ (对飞行感兴趣).026. The zookeeper is_____________________________________________ (喂老虎吃肉).                            027. The children _____________________________________________ (去游乐场) yesterday. They _____________________________________________（过得愉快）.028. Tom _____________________________________________ (遇见他的好朋友) in the shop last night.029. Carol _____________________________________________（问我一个非常有趣的问题） just now.030. Linda _____________________________________________ (长得像) her mother.031. Mingming _____________________________________________ (搭乘 "神舟飞船"去"月球") at the funfair this weekend.032. My father _____________________________________________ (打网球) in the gym now.033. Our manager often _____________________________________________ (乘飞机去不同的地方).034. My brother and sister _____________________________________________ (完成作业) before nine last night.035. Mingming _____________________________________________ (邀请我去看电影) this summer vacation.036. My cousin _____________________________________________ (努力学习), so he _____________________________________________（每天都有进步）.037. Mary's mother _____________________________________________ (乘公共汽车去上班) in the morning.038. Peter _____________________________________________ (步行上学) on weekdays.39. The prince _____________________________________________ (开始寻 找真正的公主) two days later.040. Last week, we _____________________________________________ (上五节英语课). 三、选择填空。041. (　　　)He often _________ to different places on business. Now he _________ to England.A. flies; is flying  B. flies;flying   C. fly; flies042. (　　　)Their manager usually _________ to Hong Kong.A. flies    B. fly    C. flying043. (　　　)Mingming's teachers _________ from America.A. come    B. is                  C. comes044. (　　　)Once upon a time, there _________ two young princesses.A. was    B. were    C. are045. (　　　)Look, Dad is _________ a snap(小睡). Don't _________ any noise.A. has; make   B. has; making   C. having; make046. (　　　)They _________ this photo at the museum last year.A. take    B. taked    C. took047. (　　　)Miss Fang often _________ to her students, "Don't be late for school. "A. says    B. say    C. said048. (　　　)Everybody in the game _________ very happy this morning.A. was    B. were    C. are049. (　　　)It's7o'clock. I _________ to my friend now.A. write    B. writing                 C. am writing050. (　　　)The doctor cleaned the room and _________ the floor.A. sweep    B. swept                 C. sweep051. (　　　) -- _________ you happy yesterday?     -- Yes, I _________.A. Did;did    B. Were; was   C. Are: am052. (　　　)Peter _________ a book last night.A. read    B. reading    C. reads053. (　　　)There were some children _________ pictures in the park.A. drawing    B. draw                 C. draws054. (　　　)What _________ May _________ on May 1st last year?A. did; does   B. does; do   C. did;do055. (　　　)What are you going to _________ this evening?A. do     B. doing                 C. does056. (　　　)It's _________ rain tomorrow.A. going to be   B. going to   C. will057. (　　　)Tony's aunt _________ some cakes _________ us last Saturday.A. makes;for   B. made;for   C. making;for058. (　　　)Carol _________ hard when she was seven years old.A. studies    B. study                 C. studied059. (　　　) -- What's the high temperature tomorrow?    -- It _________ 8 degrees.A. is     B. will be                 C. going to be060. (　　　)The boys are going to _________ with their teacher.A. plays    B. playing                 C. play061. (　　　) _________ the pupil draw a frog?A. Do     B. Does                 C. Is062. (　　　)Peter and Norman usually _________ their homework at the weekend.A. do     B. does                 C. doing063. (　　　) -- _________ your sister reading now?   -- Yes, she _________.A. Can; can   B. Is; is    C. Does; does064. (　　　)My uncle _________ to the classical music every morning.A. listen    B. listens                 C. is listening065. (　　　) -- What _________ your sisters _________ ?  -- They are _________ the tree.A. is; doing; plant  B. do; do; planting  C. are; doing; planting 四、根据括号内所给的时间提示改写句子。066. Eddie smells the fish in the kitchen. (now)    ___________________________________________________________067. Sandy is having his lunch in the dining room now. (every day)    ___________________________________________________________068. There are some eggs in the fridge. (just now)    ___________________________________________________________069. I'm making a paper boat now. (this evening)    ___________________________________________________________070. Tom is going to have a piano lesson tomorrow. (every week)    ___________________________________________________________071. My grandmother is cooking in the kitchen now. (tomorrow)    ___________________________________________________________072. How do you go to school every day? (yesterday)    ___________________________________________________________073. Ben is going to visit his grandpa this Saturday. (every week)    ___________________________________________________________074. I often play games with my friends. (tomorrow)    ___________________________________________________________075. All the animals show their tails. (now)    ___________________________________________________________076. I am free now. (the day after tomorrow)    ___________________________________________________________077. My teacher was in the classroom this morning. (in an hour)    ___________________________________________________________ 五、阅读短文，将括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，使文章意思通顺。Mr. and Mrs. Scott have two children, a son and a daughter. Their son's name is Sam. Their daughter's name is Ann. Sam and Ann (078) _________ (go) to the same school, but they are not in the same grade.Sam Scott (079) _________ (walk) to school yesterday morning. He went to his fins class at eight o’clock. He (080) _________ (open) the door and (081) _________ (walk) in. The teacher was not there, but his classmates (082) _________ (be). Finally the teacher (083) _________ (arrive). He was half an hour late, but he (084) _________ (not say) why. He said, "Sit down and start work. "He (085) _________ (give) them a new lesson. 六、阅读短文，将方框内动词的适当形式填入相应的空格内，使文章意思通顺。follow  believe  think  see  walk  die  start  run  One day, a tiger caught a fox. The fox said, "I'm the king of the forest. If you eat me, you _________ (086).""I don't _________ (087) you, "said the tiger. "I am the king here! "If you don't believe me, _________ (088)me and see who is the king of the forest. ""OK. Let's go and see, "said the tiger.They _________ (089) to walk around. The fox _________ (090) in front of the tiger.When the animals _________ (091) them, they all _________ (092) away."It is true. They are really afraid of the fox, " _________ (093) the tiger. 七、将下列中文译成英文。094.我牙疼。我想要去看牙医。    ___________________________________________________________095.你能告诉我到国王街怎么走吗?    ___________________________________________________________096.约翰昨天给我打了四次电话。    ___________________________________________________________097.爸爸，我今天下午打算去看几个朋友。    ___________________________________________________________098.我找不开10英镑的钞票。    ___________________________________________________________099.你们国家的气候怎么样?    ___________________________________________________________100.许多城市正出现对新建房屋的需求不断增长的情况。    ___________________________________________________________