人教新目标初中英语课时21 九年级全册　Units 13～14-2023中考英语一轮总复习（人教新目标版）

课时21.九年级　Units 13～14

【答案】一．重点单词

1．litter　2.bottom　3.fisherman　4.coal　5.ugly6．wooden　7.plastic　8.cruel　9.harmful　10.industry

11．law　12.afford　13.recycle　14.gate　15.bottle16．president　17.work　18.metal　19.survey20．standard　21.row　22.keyboard　23.method24．order　25.double　26.shall　27.caring　28.level　29.degree　30.thirsty　31.thankful　32.task33．ahead　34.separate　35.wing

二．词形百变

1．disadvantage　2.cost　3.scientist　scientific4．overcame　overcome　overcoming　5.senior6．congratulation　7.responsibility8．creative　creativity

三．核心短语

1．be harmful to　2.at the top of3．take part in　4.turn off　5.pay for6．take action　7.throw away8．put sth. to good use　9.pull... down10．upside down　11.bring back12．in a row　13.look back at14．make a mess　15.keep one's cool16．senior high (school)　17.go by18．believe in　19.first of all20．be thirsty for　21.be thankful to sb.22．ahead of　23.along with　24.be responsible for25．set out　26.separate from　27.so far28．air polluted　29.cut down

四．核心句型

1．trying　2.used　to　3.polluted　4.have　shown5．should　help　6.meeting　7.What　are8．What　remember

高频考点突破

考点1Yes, we can't afford to wait any longer to take action. 是的，我们再也等不起了，必须采取行动。

考点2Have you ever thought about how these things can actually be put to good use? 你有想过怎样充分利用这些东西吗？

考点3First of all, I'd like to congratulate all the students who are here today. 首先，我要祝贺今天到场的全体同学。

考点4Although you have to go your separate ways now, I hope that in a few years' time, you'll come back to visit our school.尽管你们将走各自的道路，但我希望几年以后你们能回来拜访母校。

随堂练习

1．Junk food is ________(harm) to your health, so you'd better give it up.

2．At last, Ann ________(overcome) her shyness and gave us a speech in public.

3．Mr. Smith's biggest ________(advantage) is that he is a forgetful person.

4．How should I arrange my schedule? Can you give me some ________(science) advice?

5．As middle school students, we have the ________(responsible) to do something for the environment.

【答案】1．harmful　2.overcame　3.disadvantage　4.scientific5．responsibility

随堂精练

一．单项选择

1．—Do you like summer？  

—Yes, it's the best season ________.

A．swim B．swims

C．swimming D．to swim

【答案】D　the best season to do sth. “做某事最好的季节”。故选D。

2．Don't play games on the computer all day. It's ________ to your eyes.

A．harmful B．program

C．helpful D．thankful

【答案】A　be harmful to sb.意为“对某人有害”。故选A。

3．Do you know how much Mary ________ all these books? They ________ only 200 yuan!

A．spent; cost B．paid for; spent

C．paid for; cost D．cost; spent

【答案】C　pay ... for sth. “为……花费……钱”，cost主语应该是“物”，they在这里代指“these books”。故选C。

4．—What do you think of the science fiction movie The Wondering Earth made in China?

—I found ________ a great success for Chinese to make such a wonderful film like that.

A．it B．it's

C．that D．that's

【答案】A　it作为形式宾语指代“to make such a wonderful film like that”。故选A。

5．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me which is the way to Heyang Junior High School?

—________ of the four roads will lead to Heyang Junior high school.

A．Any B．Neither

C．Both D．Either

【答案】A　any指三者或三者以上中的任何一个；neither “两者都不”；both “两者都”；either “两者之中任何一个”。根据“four roads”可知用any，故选A。

6．Doing eye exercises ________ well ________ our eyesight.

A．work; protect B．work; to protect

C．works; in protecting D．works; protecting

【答案】C　“Doing eye exercises”为句子主语，故谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式，in doing sth.意为“在……方面”。故选C。

7．—Who is the man behind the tree?

—He ________ be Tom's father. But I'm not sure.

A．may B．can't

C．must D．should

【答案】A　may “也许；可能”，根据“I'm not sure”可知表不确定的推测。故选A。

8．—We're getting married!

—________

A．Forget it! B．Congratulations!

C．Thanks. D．Don't worry.

【答案】B　根据句意可知此处表祝贺，故选B。

9．—I'm not sure if my sister Vivian ________ the driving test next week.

—Please let me know if she ________ it.

A．has passed; passes B．passed; will pass

C．passes; has passed D．will pass; passes

【答案】D　前句宾语从句时间状语为next week，故用将来时；后句为if引导的条件状语从句，用现在时表示将来。故选D。

10．—Our school soccer team won the first prize just now.

—________ exciting news it is!

A．What B．How

C．What a D．What an

【答案】A　本句的中心词是news，不可数名词，用“What＋形容词＋不可数名词”结构，故选A。

二．阅读理解

A

Here is an experiment to see how ants can organize some clever teamwork.

What's going on?

You can see one of the best examples of insect teamwork by watching ants. If one ant finds food, it leads others there to eat it too. They follow each other by making long trails. The ants go back and forth collecting food, to take back to their nest (穴). When you move the fruit, the ants will still find it. But, instead of making a new direct route (路线) to the food, they will follow each other through their old trail route.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过一个实验介绍蚂蚁如何进行团队合作。

1．What will happen if one ant finds food?

A．The ant will eat all the food.

B．The ant will watch other ants.

C．The ant will lead others to the food.

D．The ant will wait until others come.

【答案】C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“If one ant finds food，it leads others there to eat it too.”可知，如果一只蚂蚁找到食物，它就会引导其他蚂蚁也去吃它，故选C。

2．If the fruit is moved to a new position, the ants will ________.

A．fail to find it

B．give up looking for it

C．make a new direct route to it

D．get to it through the old trail route

【答案】D　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“But, instead of making a new direct route (路线) to the food, they will follow each other through their old trail route.”可知，他们并不是直接开辟一条通往食物的新路线，而是会沿着他们原来的路线走下去，故选D。

3．Which is the correct order to do this experiment?

a．Move the fruit to a new position.

b．Find an ant.

c．Check the fruit an hour later.

d．Put a thin slice of fruit in front of the ant.

A．a－b－c－d B．b－d－c－a

C．d－b－c－a D．c－a－d－b

【答案】B　细节理解题。根据文中的图片可知正确的顺序为“First, you need some ants.”，“Put a thin slice of fruit in front of it.”，“Check the fruit after an hour.”，“Move the fruit to a new position”。故选B。

4．What can we learn from this experiment?

A．The experiment is done successfully in the lab.

B．Ants do the experiment to show their team spirit.

C．Careful watching does little help in this experiment.

D．We can find out some facts by doing small experiments.

【答案】D　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“You can see one of the best examples of insect teamwork by watching ants.”可知通过观察蚂蚁的实验可以了解昆虫如何进行团队合作，故选D。

B

You don't have to be a scientist to solve big environmental problems. One Dutch designer is finding creative ways to make a change—and he's inviting bikers to join him.

Daan Roosgaarde, 38, is a designer from Holland. He uses creative ideas to improve city life. For his Smog (雾霾) Free Project, he designed a special tower that cleans air in Chinese parks. In Holland, he designed a shining bicycle path.

Now Daan and his team are working with engineers at Chinese bike－sharing company to create a new product for public use. It's an air－cleaning machine connected to a bicycle and is part of the Smog Free Project. In smoggy weather, the machine would breathe in the air in front of the bike and blow out a stream of clean air toward the biker's face.

It's no secret that air pollution is a big problem for China. In winter, it's common for thick clouds of haze (霾),  caused largely by  factory  production, burning of coal  and car emissions (排放物), to cover areas of China.

In 2016, only one－fourth of Chinese cities met the country's air quality standards, according to a survey of 338 cities nationwide from the Ministry of Environmental Protection.

 “Of course one tower and a few bikes won't solve China's air pollution problem，” Daan said, “But smog－free bikes are an exciting idea that will hopefully inspire communities to create greener cities.”

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一个荷兰的设计师设计了一款塔楼和带有空气净化器的自行车，能有效改善雾霾天城市的空气质量，想以此来激发和促进人们创建绿色、环保的城市生活。

5．According to the writer, ________.

A．air pollution is not a big problem in China

B．creative ideas may help improve city life

C．only scientists can solve big environmental problems

D．the survey of 338 cities nationwide was not necessary

【答案】B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“He uses creative ideas to improve city life.”可知，创意理念可以改善城市生活，故选B。

6．From the passage, we know that ________.

A．people who have creative ideas can get free bikes

B．only smog－free bikes can go on the shining bicycle path

C．Daan and his family spent all their time improving China's air quality

D．China's haze in winter happens because of more than three causes

【答案】D　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“In winter, it's common for thick clouds of haze (霾), caused largely by factory production, burning of coal and car emissions (排放物), to cover areas of China.”可知，雾霾主要是由于工业生产、燃煤以及汽车排放物造成的，但不仅限于三个主要原因，故选D。

7．Daan is inviting bikers to join him in order to ________.

A．raise money for the tower

B．test his new machine

C．help solve the air pollution problem

D．make more Chinese friends

【答案】C　推理判断题。根据第一段“You don't have to be a scientist to solve big environmental problems. One Dutch designer is finding creative ways to make a change—and he's inviting bikers to join him.”可知，他邀请自行车爱好者加入他的行列是为了帮助解决环境污染问题，故选C。

8．What is the best title for the passage?

A．Breathing In and Out

B．Biking for Fresh Air

C．Survey from the Government

D．China's Air Pollution Problem

【答案】B　标题判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In smoggy weather, the machine would breathe in the air in front of the bike and blow out a stream of clean air toward the biker's face.”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了可以净化空气的自行车，B项作标题最为恰当。故选B。

三．短文填空

Helen loved small animals. One morning while she was walking in the forest, she found two weak birds in the grass. She took them home and put __1__ in a small cage. She looked after them __2__ love and the birds both grew well. They thanked her with a wonderful song every morning.

But something happened one day. Helen left the door of the cage open. The larger __3__ flew from the cage. She thought that it would fly away, so she caught it. She was very __4__ to catch it. Suddenly she felt strange. She opened her hand and looked sadly at the __5__ bird. Her great love had killed the bird!

The other bird was moving back and forth (来回地) in the cage. Helen could feel the bird want to go out. It wanted to __6__ into the blue sky. At once, Helen took the bird out of the cage and let it fly away. The bird circled, twice, three times ...

Helen enjoyed watching the bird flying and singing happily. Suddenly the bird flew closer and landed softly on her head. It sang the sweetest song that she had ever __7__.

The easiest way to lose __8__ is to hold too tight (紧). The best way to keep love is to give it freedom.

篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过Helen养鸟的故事说明一个道理：抓的太紧会失去爱，保持爱的最好方法是给它自由。

【答案】1．them　根据语境可知此处指的是它们(这两只小鸟)，在句中作宾语，故填them。

2．with　句意：她用爱照顾它们。根据语境可知此处表述的是“用”，故填with。

3．bird　根据上文提到养鸟可知此处指的是鸟，故填bird。

4．excited　她抓住了鸟很激动。故填excited。

5．dead　根据下一句“Her great love had killed the bird！”可知那只鸟死了，故填dead。

6．fly　由下文的“into the blue sky”可知此处指的是飞上天空。want to do sth.，故此处应用原形，故填fly。

7．heard　句意：它为她唱着她听到过的最动听的歌。根据语境可知此处指的是听，过去完成时的构成为had＋过去分词，故填heard。

8．love　根据后面句子“The best way to keep love is to give it freedom.”可知此处指的是爱，故填love。

四、书面表达

假设你们学校开展了“做生态小公民，建设美丽家乡”的活动，请你用英语写一篇文章描述你(们)曾经做过的一件事或参与的一次活动。

要求：1)文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；

2)     词数80左右。

【答案】

Last Saturday, our teacher organized us to clean up the Center Park. All the students in my class took part in the activity. We were divided into three groups. The first group swept the ground. The second group picked up the fallen leaves and empty bottles. The third group took out the rubbish. To our surprise, there were other people in the park joining us, too. We spent the whole morning finishing it. Many of us were very tired but happy when we saw the beautiful park.