2022-2023学年湖北省十堰市五校高二下学期4月联考英语试卷含答案

这是一份2022-2023学年湖北省十堰市五校高二下学期4月联考英语试卷含答案，共27页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年湖北省十堰市五校高二（下）联考英语试卷（4月份）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
    FAMOUS CHINESE PAINTINGS, ARTISTIC TREASURES    With thousands of years of continuous history, China is one of the most culturally unique nations. Over many centuries, Chinese artists have created paintings that are now in the hearts of more than a billion people.
    Nymph of the Luo River—Gu Kaizhi
    The legend has it that Cao Zhi, a prince of the state of Cao Wei, fell in love with the governor's daughter. However, she married his brother, Cao Pi, and the prince became upset. Later, he composed an emotional poem about the love between the goddess and common people. In the 4th century, Gu Kaizhi, a Chinese artist, was moved by the story and illustrated the poem.
    Court Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers—Zhou Fang
    During the Tang Dynasty, China had a prosperous economy and flourishing culture. In this period, the genre of "beautiful women painting" enjoyed popularity. Coming from a noble background, Zhou Fang, a Chinese artist, created artworks in this genre. In his painting, the ladies stand as though they are fashion models, but one of them is entertaining herself by teasing a cute dog.
    Along the River During the Qingming Festival—Zhang Zeduan
    Zhang Zeduan depicted the landscape in his work Along the River During the Qingming Festival. However, instead of concentrating on the vastness of nature, he captured the daily life of the people of Bianjing, present-day Kaifeng. His work shows much about life in the Northern Song Dynasty.
    A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains—Wang Ximeng
    Not only did officials and scholars enjoy listening to music, but they also found pleasure in depicting nature. One such painter was Wang Ximeng. He was a prodigy. Wang Ximeng painted A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains when he was only seventeen years old. He died several years later, but he left one of the largest and most beautiful paintings in Chinese history.
1. Where do you think this passage is taken from?
A. A novel. B. A travel journal.
C. A magazine. D. A book review.
2. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Wang Ximeng created his masterpiece in his teens.
B. Nymph of the Luo River is a poem written by Cao Zhi.
C. Zhou Fang painted fashion models in his painting.
D. Zhang Zeduan's painting describes daily life of officials.
3. Which is your best choice if you want to enjoy a painting with the beauty of nature?
A. Nymph of the Luo River—Gu Kaizhi.
B. A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains—Wang Ximeng.
C. Court Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers—Zhou Fang.
D. Along the River During the Qingming Festival—Zhang Zeduan.
B
Li Jianguo，a 49-year-old teacher at the Tianjin Vocational Institute，is set to be named as one of the "2022 most beautiful teachers"—an annual public award sponsored by the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the Ministry of Education.
Li has stood out by taking the lead in the training of students in vocational skills，gaining a number of honors including being named as a national role model teacher.He has mentored（指导） seven national-level technique experts and a team of 14 technique masters.One of his students，Guo Jinpeng，who graduated from the institute in 2007，became a college teacher at the Chengdu Auto Vocational and Technical School and was named as a national role model teacher in 2019.
Li's nomination as one of the "2022 most beautiful teachers" reflects that China is focusing on the importance of vocational education and aims to foster（培养） more leading personnel with the spirit of craftsmanship in the manufacturing industry.
At an international vocational and technical education conference in Tianjin last month，Li noted that there is no difference between vocational education and ordinary education，and vocational education is not secondary nor should it ever be treated as less than ordinary education. "Vocational education has the mission of fostering a quality workforce and technical experts for the country.The hardworking spirit is the key to building any ordinary people into leading personnel，" he said.
Li joined the institute in 1993 and later founded a machinery engineering practice center，providing free training t0 7，500 people a week.In 2015，he led a team of teachers to work for 40 days to repair 124 machine tools in the center.Li has devoted himself to building the country's first additive manufacturing technique and application center at the institute to satisfy the thirst for the country's human resources in 3 D printing.
4. Why does the author mention Guo Jinpeng in paragraph 2？ ______
A. To make a comparison with Li Jianguo.
B. To publicize national role model teachers.
C. To praise national-level technique experts.
D. To show the achievements of Li Jianguo.
5. What is Li's opinion about vocational education？ ______
A. It is more important than ordinary education.
B. It is secondary to ordinary education.
C. It should develop qualified and skilled talents.
D. It has nothing to do with hardworking spirit.
6. Which of the following best describes Li's job at the institute？ ______
A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Challenging. D. Productive.
7. What is the best title for the text？ ______
A. China Sponsoring Annual Award for Teachers.
B. China Aiming to Develop More Leading Personnel.
C. A Vocational Teacher to Be Awarded as One of the "Most Beautiful Teachers".
D. Different Education Training Different Kinds of Students.
C
Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different：students seem to lack the will，and the skill，to address ordinary conflicts. "We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room， " says a teacher. "So many of our conflicts are because kids don't know how to tackle a problem by formal discussion. "
And as any pop psychologist will tell you，bottled emotions lead to silent discontent that can boil over into frustration and anger.At the University of Florida，emotional conflicts occur about once a week，the university's director of housing education says. . "Over the past five years，roommate conflicts have increased.The students don't have the person- to-person discussions and they don't know how to handle them." The problem is most dramatic among freshmen；housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation，but some never seem to catch on，and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.
Administrators guess that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters.Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text？ "Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook like：Oh，my roommate kept me up all night studying， " says Dana Pysz，an assistant director at the University of California，Los Angeles. "It's a different way to express their conflict to each other，consequently creating even more conflicts as complaints go public. " In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University，dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor.
Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives.Now in college，the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts.Some parents continue to interfere on campus.
8. What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts？ ______
A. Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems.
B. Students are not satisfied with each other.
C. Housing directors are not responsible for them.
D. Students are not strong-willed.
9. What do we learn from the second paragraph？ ______
A. Students，especially freshmen，should bottle up their dissatisfaction.
B. All students are not able to handle conflicts by the time they graduate.
C. Students in Florida sit down and have a person-to-person talk once a week.
D. The number of conflicts among roommates has decreased during the past five years.
10. What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates reveal their conflicts in the media？ ______
A. Eagerness. B. Indifference. C. Empathy. D. Disapproval.
11. What should parents do according to the passage？ ______
A. They should be involved in their children's life on campus.
B. They should deal with their children's problems in their whole lives .
C. They should constantly contact the administrators of the college.
D. They should teach their children the skills to tackle the conflicts.
D
In habitats across the planet，animals periodically drop everything to walk，fly or swim to a new place.Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents.Others，including small songbirds，gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code.And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.
Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model，and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way.Take the Cory's shearwater，an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year.The young do not migrate with their parents，so culture cannot explain their journeys.And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual，making genetics equally unlikely.
Cory's shearwaters are long-lived，rarely producing young successfully before age nine.This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.Researchers call this the "exploration-refinement"，and until now it has been hypothetical （假设的） because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals' movements.
But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine.They found that younger birds traveled longer distances，for longer periods，and had more diverse paths than older birds. "We finally have evidence of the 'exploration-refinement' for migratory birds，" says Letizia Campioni，who led the study.Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults— but they do not，suggesting that the young do more exploring，which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.
Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies， "exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes，" says Barbara Frei. "It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe."
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about？ ______
A. It describes animals' habitats.
B. It talks about migration models.
C. It compares different species.
D. It introduces a tracking technology.
13. What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 3 refer to？ ______
A. The opening for learning and practice.
B. The unique living habit of Cory's shearwaters.
C. The way Cory's shearwaters form their migration patterns.
D. The process scientists track Cory's shearwaters' movements.
14. What does Letizia's study find about the younger Cory's shearwaters？ ______
A. They travel as much as adult birds.
B. They move in a predictable manner.
C. They lower the speed for exploration.
D. They look for a course with their parents.
15. What can we conclude from the last paragraph？ ______
A. Man-made changes make migration easier.
B. Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track.
C. Course exploration contributes to birds' adaptability.
D. A combination of strategies assures migration success.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Supporting Others

We're always being told that the secret to happiness lies in helping others.Indeed，it's natural to want to support those we care about，especially if we are in a position to do so. (1)
When we offer support，it may not always be wanted. (2) In this case，offering support in the manner of "...if I were you，I would ..." can feel like a scolding rather than support.If our support feels conditional，it can feel burdensome.
(3) When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move，just saying "What would help you today？" can be amazingly supportive.Or，suggest what you can do for them：picking up some shopping，taking the dog for a walk.Even if it's not needed，just knowing you' ve been thought of can be supportive in itself.
Try to be mindful of offering support that is disabling，rather than enabling.My son，when aged five，wanted to make a cup of tea.I could see how inspiring it was for him to be able to do this.So I filled the kettle and took him through the safety measures.It felt like a huge risk but it worked.His pleasure was immeasurable.The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else's capacity. (4)
Sometimes the only support that's needed is to listen without judgement. (5) This reassures them that someone cares enough to listen while they ground themselves.When times are tough，remember to keep things stable.Waiting until the storm has passed is all it takes.
Support often works best when it's a two-way process.It is good to know how to accept help from others as well as offer support to them.

A．Here are the pros and cons of supporting others.
B．Just be there，while someone lets out their feelings.
C．Ask what support is needed and provide a practical one.
D．This can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them.
E．But we can do more by thinking about the support we offer.
F．Because being judgmental can only make someone annoyed.
G．Sometimes people are trying to manage life in their own way.

16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H

三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Baby Miloszek was born with a heart defect.His disease is too（1） ______ to be treated in Poland，but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center are able to take his case.（2） ______ ，they require 80 percent of the payment in advance，a sum the family simply could not（3） ______ .That's when Maria Andrejczyk （4） ______ in to help !
Just a week after（5） ______ her first Olympic medal ever and returning from Japan，Maria posted a（n）（ 6） ______ on a social media platform announcing that she would be auctioning（拍卖） off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek's surgery.
Days later，a Polish convenience store called Zabka purchased the medal（7） ______ ﹩125，000，which was more than Maria had（8） ______ to get.Not only that，but when her story（9） ______ ，more people began donating to the fundraiser.Finally，they pulled in more than enough cash to（10） ______ Miloszek's trip to America!And the warm（11） ______ doesn't end there.Zabka announced that they would let Maria keep her （12） ______ forever!
"We were deeply touched by the extremely（13） ______ act of our Olympian，so we decided to support the （14） ______ for Miloszek，" the company wrote. "We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria!We are glad that we were able to（15） ______ ."
21.  A. severe B. pessimistic C. crucial D. influential
22.  A. Potentially B. Ultimately C. Precisely D. Unfortunately
23.  A. ensure B. afford C. expect D. guarantee
24.  A. crowded B. turned C. stepped D. brought
25.  A. gaining B. defending C. declining D. submitting
26.  A. parcel B. message C. application D. exhibition
27.  A. by B. at C. for D. with
28.  A. budgeted B. anticipated C. tackled D. subscribed
29.  A. exposed B. submitted C. broke D. revealed
30.  A. cover B. secure C. provide D. enhance
31.  A. gratitude B. enterprise C. sympathy D. gesture
32.  A. secret B. medal C. belongings D. reputation
33.  A. noble B. subsequent C. adorable D. rewarding
34.  A. fundraiser B. request C. commitment D. recovery
35.  A. motivate B. engage C. contribute D. advocate
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Su Mingjuan，the former poster girl for China's most （1） ______ （ influence） education charity，has recently come back in the national spotlight as a delegate（代表） to the 20th National Congress of the Community Party of China.
In 1991，a photograph of the then first-grader Su，（ 2） ______ a pair of large，bright eyes crying for knowledge，（ 3） ______ （touch） the hearts of numerous people.Su was born into a poor farming family in Jinzhai，East China's Anhui Province.The image of Su，then（4） ______ 8-year-old girl，actually taken by a photographer who went into the remote （5） ______ （mountain） areas to see how the Project Hope had helped rural drop-outs.
Su became the poster girl for Project Hope after this image impressed many people in China.Project Hope，which （6） ______ （ found） by the China Youth Development Foundation in 1989，is committed to （7） ______ （assist） poor children get education.Over the past three decades，according to the official report，it （8） ______ （ transform） the lives of 6 million students from poor families nationwide，among（9） ______ is Su.The picture of Su，entitled "I want to go to school"，has been reprinted nationwide in newspapers，magazines and billboards，and has since become a symbol of the country's efforts （10） ______ （promote） nine-year compulsory education among all school-age children.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为"Let's Ride Bicycles"的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿，主要内容包括：
（1）目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题。
（2）骑自行车的益处，如能环保有利健康等。
注意：（1）词数：80词左右；
（2）演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning，everyone!
______
That's all!Thank you for your listening!
38. My Best Teaching Experience Tyler was only in my senior class for a semester.He had been suspended（使停学）many times in previous years because of his anger issues.When he entered my class，I thought the worst.
Tyler sat in the back row.Every time I talked to the class，I would ask students questions，calling them by name.Unfortunately，every time I called on Tyler，he would respond with a joke.If he got an answer wrong，he would become angry.
About a month into the year，I was still trying to connect with Tyler.I can usually get students involved in class discussions or at least have them sit quietly and attentively （专心地）.By contrast，Tyler was often loud and sometimes rude.
He had been in so much trouble over the years.He expected his teachers to know about his past；about how many times he had been sent to the office or suspended from school.I had found that these sorts of referrals（移交）were not very effective and that students would return from the office behaving worse than before.
One day，Tyler was talking over me while I was teaching.I stopped my lesson and said， "Tyler，why don't you join in our discussion instead of having one of your own？" With that，he got up from his chair，pushed it over and yelled something.I can't remember what he said other than that he included some impolite words.I sent Tyler straight to the office，and he received a week's suspension.
To this point，this was one of my worst teaching experiences.Tyler's anger was almost too much for me.The week Tyler was suspended from school was a wonderful time，and we got a lot accomplished as a class.However，the suspension week would soon come to an end，and I was fearful of his return.
续写要求：
（1）续写词数应为 150 左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the day of Tyler's return，I stood at the door awaiting him.
______
A spark of surprise flashed across his face.
______
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、B
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四幅中国知名画家的作品。

1. 根据第一段内容（中国拥有数千年的连续历史，是世界上文化最独特的国家之一。几个世纪以来，中国艺术家创作的绘画作品如今在10亿多人心中流传。）以及全文内容可知文章主要讲的是中国艺术家创作的绘画作品，所以文章最有可能出自一本和艺术相关的杂志。故选C。

2. 根据Nymph of the Luo River—Gu Kaizhi部分的Later, he composed an emotional poem about the love between the goddess and common people. In the 4th century, Gu Kaizhi, a Chinese artist, was moved by the story and illustrated the poem.（后来，曹植写了一首关于女神和普通人之间爱情的感人的诗。公元4世纪，中国艺术家顾恺之被这个故事所感动，并为这首诗配了插图。）可知，Nymph of the Luo River实际上是由顾恺之根据曹植的《洛神赋》所配的一幅画，所以B不对；根据Court Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers—Zhou Fang部分In his painting, the ladies stand as though they are fashion models, but one of them is entertaining herself by teasing a cute dog.（在他的画中，女士们站在那里，就像时装模特一样，但其中一人正在逗弄一只可爱的狗。）可知，Zhou Fang的画里面画的并不是时装模特，所以C不正确；根据Along the River During the Qingming Festival—Zhang Zeduan部分he captured the daily life of the people of Bianjing, present-day Kaifeng.（他描绘了汴京（今开封）人民的日常生活。）可知，Zhang Zeduan在《清明上河图》里面描述的并不是官员们的生活，而是普通老百姓的日常生活，所以D项不对；根据A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains—Wang Ximeng部分Wang Ximeng painted A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains when he was only seventeen years old. （王希孟十七岁时就画了《千里江山图》。）可知，王希孟在十几岁时就完成了他的大作，所以A正确。故选A。
3. 根据A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains—Wang Ximeng部分Not only did officials and scholars enjoy listening to music, but they also found pleasure in depicting nature.（官员和学者不仅喜欢听音乐，他们也从描绘自然中找到乐趣。）可知，A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains—Wang Ximeng可以让官员们享受到大自然的美景，所以如果你想欣赏大自然的美景，可以选择这幅画。故选B。

4~7.【答案】D、C、D、C
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的Li has stood out by taking the lead in the training of students in vocational skills，gaining a number of honors including being named as a national role model teacher.He has mentored （指导） seven national-level technique experts and a team of 14 technique masters.One of his students，Guo Jinpeng，who graduated from the institute in 2007，became a college teacher at the Chengdu Auto Vocational and Technical School and was named as a national role model teacher in 2019.（李老师在学生职业技能培训方面处于领先地位，获得了包括全国模范教师在内的多项荣誉。他指导了7名国家级技术专家和14名技术大师团队。他的学生郭金鹏2007年毕业于该学院，成为成都汽车职业技术学校的一名大学教师，并于2019年被评为全国模范教师。）可知，作者在第二段提到郭金鹏是为了展示李建国的成就。故选D。
 （2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的Vocational education has the mission of fostering a quality workforce and technical experts for the country.（职业教育的使命是为国家培养高素质的劳动力和技术专家。）可知，李建国认为职业教育应该培养合格、熟练的人才。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Li has devoted himself to building the country's first additive manufacturing technique and application center at the institute to satisfy the thirst for the country's human resources in 3 D printing.（为了满足我国在3 D打印领域的人力资源需求，李建国致力于在该研究所建设国内首个增材制造技术与应用中心。）可知，李建国在学校的工作是有创造性的。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段中的Li Jianguo，a 49-ycar-old teacher at the Tianjin Vocational Institute，is set to be named as one of the "2022 most beautiful teachers"（天津职业学院49岁的教师李建国将被评为"2022年最美教师"之一。）并结合全文信息可知，文章主要介绍了被评为"2022年最美教师"之一的天津职业大学教师李建国，他为培养学生职业技能和国家技术专家做出贡献。由此可知，C选项"职业教师被评为'最美教师'"最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了被评为"2022年最美教师"之一的天津职业大学教师李建国，他为培养学生职业技能和国家技术专家做出了贡献。
考查记叙文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

8~11.【答案】A、B、D、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don't know how to negotiate a problem.（我们之所以有这么多室友冲突，是因为孩子们不知道如何解决问题。）可知，许多室友冲突的主要原因是学生们不善于就问题达成一致意见。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段The problem is most dramatic among freshmen；housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation，but some never seem to catch on，and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.（这个问题在新生中最为突出；宿舍管理人员表示，他们看到随着学生走向毕业，情况会有所改善，但有些人似乎从未意识到这一点，他们担心这些学生在大学毕业后将如何处理冲突。）可知，有些学生到毕业时还不能处理冲突这个问题。故选B。
（3）观点态度题。根据第三段Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook：Oh，my roommate kept me up all night studying，" says Dana Pysz，an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California，Los Angeles. "It's a different way to express their conflict to each other，consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public." （加州大学洛杉矶分校（University of California，Los Angeles）住宿生活办公室助理主任达纳皮斯说："有人在Facebook上的留言板上贴了一些东西：哦，我的室友让我整晚熬夜学习。这是一种表达彼此冲突的不同方式，随着投诉公开化，结果会产生更多摩擦。"）可知，达纳皮斯并不赞同在媒体上公开与室友间的冲突这一做法。A.Eagerness.渴望；B.Indifference.不在乎；C.Empathy.同情心；D.Disapproval.不赞同。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives.Now in college，the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts.（管理人员指出，父母在孩子的整个生活中都解决了他们的问题。现在上了大学，孩子们甚至缺乏处理轻微冲突的能力。）可知，家长们应该教他们的孩子处理冲突问题的能力。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了大学生宿舍冲突日益加剧的原因。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】B、C、C、C
【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据第一段In habitats across the planet，animals periodically drop everything to walk，fly or swim to a new place．Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration（迁移） paths by following heir parents．Others，including small songbirds，gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic（遗传的） code And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration．（在地球上的栖息地里，动物会周期性地放下所有东西去散步、飞行或游泳到一个新的地方。像鲸鱼和鹅这样的野生动物通过跟随它们的父母来学习迁徙的路径。其他的，包括小鸣禽，在它们的遗传密码和一些密码中获得它们迁徙的距离和方向动物利用遗传和文化的结合来指导它们的迁徙。）可知本段主要讲述了动物迁徙的模式。故选B。
（2）代词指代题。根据第三段Cory's shearwaters are long-lived，rarely producing young successfully before age nine．This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns．Researchers call  this the "exploration-refinement"，and until now it has been hypothetical （假设的） because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals' movements．（科里的海鸥寿命很长，很少在九岁前成功繁殖后代。这为学习和实践提供了机会，来发展它们的迁徙模式。研究人员称之为"探索精炼" ，由于难以追踪迁徙动物的行动，迄今为止，这种方法一直是假设性的。）可知this指代的是Cory's shearwaters 形成迁移模式的方式。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults- but they do not，suggesting that the young do more exploring，which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course．（年轻的Cory's shearwaters 能像成年海鸥一样飞得那么快，但它们没有，这表明年轻海鸥进行了更多的探索，随着它们的成熟，这些探索逐渐消失，并进入一个更好的路线。）可知莱蒂齐娅•坎皮奥尼的研究发现了年轻的Cory's shearwaters 他们降低了探险的速度。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies， "exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes，" says Barbara Frei． "It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently  successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe．（虽然这种方法看起来没有其他方法有效，"在这个由于不可预知的人为变化而快速变化的世界里，探索精细化可能对鸟类和其他有机体有益，" Barbara Frei 说。 "重复最近成功的行为可能比依赖很久以前完善但可能不再安全的模式更安全。"）可知从最后一段我们能得出结论：航线的探索有助于鸟类的适应性。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了动物迁徙的模式。
1．直接信息题：
直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。
2．间接信息题：
间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。
3．综合信息题：
综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

16~20.【答案】E、G、C、D、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文Indeed，it's natural to want to support those we care about，especially if we are in a position to do so.（确实，想要支持那些我们在乎的人是很正常的，特别是如果我们有能力这么做的话。）可知E选项"但是，通过考虑我们提供的支持，我们可以做的更多。"承接上文，且选项中"thinking about the support we offer（想想我们提供的支持）"与下文"When we offer support，it may not always be wanted.（当我们提供支持时，可能并不总是被需要的。）"相呼应，符合语境。故选E。
（2）细节理解题。根据上文When we offer support，it may not always be wanted.（当我们提供支持时，它可能并不总是被需要的。）以及下文In this case，offering support in the manner of "...if I were you，I would ..." can feel like a scolding rather than support.（在这种情况下，以一种"如果我是你……，我会……）"的方式提供帮助，感觉像是一种斥责而不是支持。可知，此空承上启下。G选项"有时人们想用自己的方式管理生活。"与上文it may not always be wanted（它可能并不总是被需要的。）和下文In this case（在这种情况下）相呼应。故选G。
（3）推理判断题。根据下文When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move，just saying "What would help you today？" can be amazingly supportive.（当别人正试图处理疾病或者搬家的时候，只是说一句"有什么能帮你的吗？就是一种极大的支持。）可知C选项"询问需要什么支持并提供一个实际的。"符合语境，选项中"Ask what support is needed（询问需要什么支持）"与下文just saying，What would help you today？（只是说一句，有什么能帮你的吗？）相呼应。故选 C。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else's capacity.（同样的原则也适用于，当我们提供支持以增强一个人的能力时。）可知D选项"与为他们做这件事相比，这往往是一个更大的礼物。"符合语境。D选项中"This"指代上文when we offer support that increases someone else's capacity（当我们提供的支持增加了别人的能力。）故选D。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文Sometimes the only support that's needed is to listen without judgement.（有时，唯一需要的支持就是聆听，不加评判。）可知B选项"当有人倾诉的时候，你就待在那里。"符合语境，其中Just be there（你就待在那里）承接上文to listen without judgement（不加评判地倾听）。故选B。
这是一篇议论文。主要讲述了我们应该如何支持别人，在支持别人的过程中应注意什么。
关于选句填空的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】A、D、B、C、A、B、C、B、C、A、D、B、A、A、C
【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.severe严重的；B.pessimistic悲观的；C.crucial至关重要的；D.influential有影响的。句意：他的病情非常严重，无法在波兰治疗，但斯坦福大学医疗中心的医生能够接受他的病例。根据下文"but doctors at Stanford University Medical Center are able to take his case"可知，Miloszek的病情太严重了，在波兰无法得到治疗。故选A。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.Potentially潜在地；B.Ultimately最终；C.Precisely精确地；D.Unfortunately不幸的是。句意：不幸的是，他们要求预付80%的房款，这个家庭根本负担不起这笔钱。根据下文"a sum the family simply could not （3）"可知是"不幸地"。故选D。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.ensure确保；B.afford负担得起；C.expect期望；D.guarantee保证。句意：不幸的是，他们要求预付80%的房款，这个家庭根本负担不起这笔钱。根据"That's when Maria Andrejczyk （4） in to help !"推知，Miloszek家里负担不起巨额医疗费。故选B。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.crowded拥挤；B.turned变；C.stepped踏；D.brought带来。句意：这时Maria Andrejczyk来帮忙了!根据下文"she would be auctioning （拍卖） off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek's surgery"可知，Maria介入进来帮助Miloszek，step in意为"介入"。故选C。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.gaining得到；B.defending保卫；C.declining拒绝；D.submitting提交。句意：在从日本获得她的第一枚奥运会奖牌并返回一周后，Maria在社交媒体平台上发布了一条消息，宣布她将拍卖自己的银牌，为Miloszek的手术筹集资金。根据下文"she would be auctioning （拍卖） off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek's surgery"可知，Maria在东京奥运会上获得了她的首枚奥运奖牌。故选A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.parcel包裹；B.message信息；C.application申请；D.exhibition展览。句意：在从日本获得她的第一枚奥运会奖牌并返回一周后，Maria在社交媒体平台上发布了一条消息，宣布她将拍卖自己的银牌，为Miloszek的手术筹集资金。根据下文" that she would be auctioning （拍卖） off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek's surgery"可知是"信息"。故选B。
（7）考查介词及语境理解。A.by被；B.at在……岁时；C.for以……为代价；D.with和。句意：几天后，一家名为Zabka的波兰便利店以12.5万美元的价格买下了这枚奖牌，这比玛丽亚预期的要多。根据上文"purchased the medal"和下文"＄125，000"可知，一家名为Zabka的波兰便利店以12.5万美元的价格买下了这枚奖牌，空格处意为"以……为代价"。故选C。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.budgeted制定预算；B.anticipated预期；C.tackled解决；D.subscribed订阅。句意：几天后，一家名为Zabka的波兰便利店以12.5万美元的价格买下了这枚奖牌，这比玛丽亚预期的要多。根据上文"she would be auctioning （拍卖） off her silver medal to raise money"可知是"预期"。故选B。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.exposed使暴露；B.submitted提交；C.broke突然传开；D.revealed展示。句意：不仅如此，当她的故事传开后，越来越多的人开始向筹款活动捐款。根据下文"more people began donating to the fundraiser"可知，当她的故事传开后，越来越多的人开始向筹款活动捐款。故选C。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.cover足够支付；B.secure保护；C.provide提供；D.enhance提高。句意：最后，他们筹到了足够Miloszek美国之行的钱！根据上文"Not only that，but when her（9）broke，more people began donating to the fundraiser."可知，最后，他们筹到了足够支付Miloszek美国之行的钱，故选A。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.gratitude感激；B.enterprise企业；C.sympathy同情；D.gesture手势，姿势，姿态。句意：善意的行为还不止于此。根据上文"Finally，they pulled in more than enough cash to（10）Miloszek's trip to America!"可知，人们的善意并没有因为帮Miloszek筹到了去美国治病的费用而停止，空格处用"姿态"，表示善良的举动。故选D。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.secret秘密；B.medal奖牌；C.belongings所有物，财物；D.reputation名声。句意：Zabka宣布他们最终还是会让Maria保留她的奖牌！根据下文"We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria!"可知，Zabka宣布他们会让Maria保留她的奖牌，故选B。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.noble高尚的；B.subsequent随后的；C.adorable可爱的；D.rewarding值得的。句意：该公司写道："我们被这位奥运选手极其高尚的行为所感动，所以我们决定支持Miloszek的筹款活动。"根据上文"she would be auctioning （拍卖） off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek's surgery"可知，这位奥运选手拍卖自己的奖牌来为人筹款的行为是高尚的。故选A。
（14）考查名词及语境理解。A.fundraiser资金筹集人；B.request要求；C.commitment承诺；D.recovery恢复。句意：该公司写道："我们被这位奥运选手极其高尚的行为所感动，所以我们决定支持Miloszek的筹款活动。"根据上文"she would be auctioning （拍卖） off her silver medal to raise money for Miloszek's surgery"和第9空后的"more people began donating to the fundraiser"可知，Maria Andrejczyk是Miloszek的治疗费用的资金筹集人。故选A。
（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.motivate激励，激发；B.engage从事；C.contribute贡献；D.advocate提倡。句意：我们很高兴能够做出贡献。根据上文"We decided that the silver medal from Tokyo will stay with Maria"可知，Zabka很高兴能够为此作出贡献。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在东京奥运会上获得银牌的波兰运动员Maria Andrejczyk在社交平台上发帖子，计划卖掉自己的银牌来救助患心脏病的儿童Miloszek的故事。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】【小题1】influential
【小题2】with
【小题3】touched
【小题4】an
【小题5】mountainous
【小题6】was founded
【小题7】assisting
【小题8】has transformed
【小题9】whom
【小题10】to promote
【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：苏明娟曾是中国最具影响力的教育慈善机构的海报女孩，最近作为中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会的代表，她又回到了全国的聚光灯下。分析可知，此处应用形容词influential"有影响力的"作定语，修饰后文名词词组education charity。故填influential。
（2）考查介词。句意：1991年，一张照片打动了无数人的心，照片中当时一年级的苏有着一双明亮的大眼睛，渴望知识。结合句意可知，此处表示"带有……"，应用介词with。故填with。
（3）考查动词时态。句意：1991年，一张照片打动了无数人的心，照片中当时一年级的苏有着一双明亮的大眼睛，渴望知识。分析句子结构可知，所填词为句子谓语动词，结合时间状语in 1991可知，此处是在讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填touched。
（4）考查冠词。句意：苏当时她还是一个8岁的女孩，她的照片实际上是由一名摄影师拍摄的，他去偏远的山区了解希望工程是如何帮助农村的失学儿童的。结合语境可知，此处泛指"一个8岁的女孩"，且8-year-old是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
（5）考查形容词。句意：苏当时她还是一个8岁的女孩，她的照片实际上是由一名摄影师拍摄的，他去偏远的山区了解希望工程是如何帮助农村的失学儿童的。分析可知，此处应用形容词mountainous"多山的"作定语，修饰后文名词areas。故填mountainous。
（6）考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：希望工程由中国青少年发展基金会于1989年创立，致力于帮助贫困儿童接受教育。分析可知，所填词为定语从句的谓语动词，结合时间状语in1989可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词found与其逻辑主语which（即先行词Project Hope）之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Project Hope为单数概念，be动词应用单数形式was。故填was founded。
（7）考查动名词。句意：希望工程由中国青少年发展基金会于1989年创立，致力于帮助贫困儿童接受教育。be committed to doing sth."致力于做某事"，其中to是介词，其后应用动名词作宾语。故填assisting。
（8）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：据官方报道，在过去的30年里，它已经改变了全国600万贫困家庭学生的生活，苏就是其中之一。分析可知，所填词为主句的谓语动词，结合时间状语over the past three decades可知，句子应用现在完成时，动词transform与其逻辑主语it之间为主动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语it是单数，助动词应用单数形式has。故填has transformed。
（9）考查定语从句关系词。句意：据官方报道，在过去的30年里，它已经改变了全国600万贫困家庭学生的生活，苏就是其中之一。分析句子结构可知，此处是"介词+关系代词"引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为students，指人，在从句中作介词among的宾语，故应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
（10）考查动词不定式。句意：这幅名为"我要上学"的苏的照片在全国范围内的报纸、杂志和广告牌上被转载，并从此成为国家努力推广适龄儿童九年义务教育的象征。名词effort后通常用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to promote。
本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了"希望工程"海报女孩苏明娟成名的过程及其在宣传义务教育方面的重要贡献。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

37.【答案】Good morning，everyone!
I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School.The topic of my speech is "Let's Ride Bicycles".（话题）
As is known to all with the improvement of people's living standards，cars have become a popular means of transport，bringing great convenience to our life. 【高分句型一】However，they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams. （目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题）
How can we solve the problems then？As far as I'm concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.For one thing，bicycles don't need any petrol and they are energy-saving.For another，bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas. 【高分句型二】What's more，riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health.Therefore，let's take the responsibility to build up a low carbon city by riding bicycles.（骑自行车的益处，如能环保有利健康等）
That's all!Thank you for your listening!（感谢）
【解析】高分句型一：As is known to all with the improvement of people's living standards，cars have become a popular means of transport，bringing great convenience to our life.
译文：众所周知，随着人们生活水平的提高，汽车已经成为一种流行的交通工具，给我们的生活带来了极大的便利。
分析：这句话使用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词短语bringing great convenience to our life作状语。
高分句型二：For another，bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas.
译文：另一方面，自行车是环保的，因为它们不会释放废气。
分析：这句话使用了because引导的原因状语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

38.【答案】On the day of Tyler's return，I stood at the door awaiting him.At last he came，walking with his hands in his pockets.【高分句型一】That image immediately brought back memories of the boy throwing a tantrum in class the other day.Yet I managed to restrain my anger this time.These past few days，I had been building a wall between us with blame and punishment，so I thought to myself that maybe I should try another way."I want to apologize for the quarrel that we had in the middle of class，and I'm really sorry if it hurt your feelings，"I said，finally breaking the ice.（泰勒回来后，作者对过去的做法进行了反思并主动给泰勒道歉）
A spark of surprise flashed across his face.The naughty boy froze there，staring at me with wide eyes.It was clear that he had never heard an apology from a teacher before."It is I who should say sorry，"he murmured，his face burning with shame，"I should have learned to control myself."With a smile，I stepped forward and patted him on his shoulder，signaling to him to go back to his seat.【高分句型二】In the days that followed，Tyler didn't misbehave in class anymore and took an active part in class discussions.I had never expected"understanding"could make such a huge difference-it turned one of my worst teaching experiences into perhaps the best one.（作者的做法打动了泰勒，泰勒也做出道歉并改过自新）
【解析】本文为记叙文。讲述了作者的学生泰勒很难控制自己的情绪，很容易生气。在课堂上其他同学讨论问题时他总是吵闹，这让作者很无奈。一天泰勒和作者说话时说了一些粗鲁的话，所以他被送到办公室，并被停课一周。作者很担心泰勒回到学校后会有什么表现。
高分句型一：At last he came，walking with his hands in his pockets.
译文：他终于来了，双手插在口袋里走着。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语walking with his hands in his pockets作状语和with复合结构。
高分句型二：With a smile，I stepped forward and patted him on his shoulder，signaling to him to go back to his seat.
译文：我笑着走上前，拍了拍他的肩膀，示意他回到座位上。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词短语signaling to him to go back to his seat作状语。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。