英语（全国乙卷）-2023年高考英语考前押题密卷（全解全析）

这是一份英语（全国乙卷）-2023年高考英语考前押题密卷（全解全析），共25页。试卷主要包含了15，B．$64，考查非限制性定语从句，考查形容词的最高级，考查副词等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年高考英语考前押题密卷（全国乙卷）
英语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1．What does the woman want to be?
A．A businesswoman. B．A university teacher. C．A university student.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Congratulations! I hear you are going to university.
W: Thanks. But actually, it’s my twin sister who is going to university. I’m going to do business with my father, I want to become a successful businesswoman.
2．What does the man want to buy for his wife?
A．Fruits. B．Perfume. C．Flowers.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I am looking for something for my wife. She likes the sweet smell of flowers, except for roses.
W: I get it. We have gift sets of various perfumes and we are currently running at a special price. Let me show you what we have—lemon and orange blossom perfume.
3．Where are the speakers going?
A．To the hotel. B．To the train station. C．To the airport.
【答案】C
【原文】W: We should’ve left 30 minutes earlier! Traffic is awful! We are going to miss our flight!
M: We need an extra hour to get there! We aren’t even halfway to the airport. Plus, we need to check in and go through security.
4．How long did the man run after leaving the post office?
A．About an hour. B．Two and a half hours. C．About half an hour.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Why are you so late? We’ve been waiting for almost an hour and a half.
M: I’m terribly sorry. Just as I was leaving, Mr. Smith asked me to send a telegram for him. The post office was crowded and I was in line for an hour. Then I raced straight here.
5．What does the man suggest the woman do?
A．Make more friends.
B．Try harder at work.
C．Have a positive attitude.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Eventually, you’ll be old like me, Helen. Now, you have less responsibility — so enjoy it.
W: That’s true, Grandpa. I’m just stressed about my grades and school friends.
M: All students do — just try to enjoy your work and don’t worry.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Which of the following is the most important festival in China?
A．Christmas. B．The Spring Festival. C．The Mid-autumn Day.
7．What are the two speakers talking about?
A．The National Day.
B．How to celebrate the Spring Festival.
C．Festivals in China.
【答案】6．B 7．C
【原文】M: Do you have many festivals in China?
W: Yes, we have quite a few. We have a lot of national festivals and every race has festivals of their own.
M: Is the Mid-autumn Festival an important one?
W: Yes, it’s more important than some others. But it is not the most important one.
M: Then what is the most important one?
W: The Spring Festival. It is like Christmas in the West.
We usually have four or five days off then.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What did the woman order at last?
A．A beef sandwich. B．A hot dog. C．Chicken breast.
9．Where is the woman?
A．In her car. B．At the cashier’s desk. C．In her office.
【答案】8．C 9．A
【原文】M: Hello, welcome to Burger Barn. Can I take your order?
W: I think I’ll have a beef sandwich, fries and a coffee, please.
M: Okay. Oh, I’m sorry. We’re out of beef sandwiches today. How about a hot dog or maybe some chicken?
W: Yeah. I think I’ll go for the chicken please.
M: Alright. Do you want breast meat or leg meat?
W: Ah, breast meat please. Someone in my office once recommended that to me.
M: Okay, so you can go ahead and drive through to the cashier’s desk to pay for your meal. Your total is going to be $ 6.
W: Thank you.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What is Anna’s chemistry grade now?
A．B． B． B+. C．D
11．When does Anna’s study group meet?
A．After school. B．On the weekends. C．During lunch hour.
12．What is the relationship between the speakers?
A．Husband and wife. B．Mother and son. C．Father and daughter.
【答案】10．B 11．A 12．C
【原文】M: Great job on your chemistry test, Anna! This is your second “B” in a row!
W: “B-plus” actually. So there is a small improvement, Dad.
M: So what have you been doing? You used to be a “D” student before.
W: I’ve joined a study group. Our members discuss all the difficult stuff, and we test each other all the time.
M: Great idea. Maybe you will have more time on the weekends to go out with your friends. How did you find the study group?
W: I saw a notice on the message board at lunch one day. I decided to check it out, and now we meet once a week after our last class of the day.
M: So that’s why you’ve been coming home late. Good for you. So. you’re not nervous about your chemistry tests anymore?
W: Not at all. I am more prepared than ever.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Employer and employee. B．Doctor and patient. C．Husband and wife.
14．What’s the woman’s attitude towards the man’s idea?
A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Positive.
15．Why does the man think he should join the football team?
A．He was a professional player.
B．He used to play football very well.
C．It is organized by his neighborhood.
16．What does the woman advise the man to do?
A．Insist on his diet. B．Do more exercise. C．Join the football team.
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．B 16．B
【原文】M: Honey, what’s the time now?
W: It’s 7.
M: Oh, the football match is about to start. Could you bring me some French fries and a bowl of ice cream?
W: OK, anything else?
M: No, that’s all, thank you. Hey, dear, my company is organizing a football team and I’d like to join it very much. What do you think of it?
W: To be honest, you’d better not.
M: Why? After all, I was a good football player in university.
W: Hmm! That was ten years ago. And it has been at least 6 years since you played last.
M: So what
W: I don’t want you to have a heart attack running up and down the field.
M: You mean I should give it up?
W: Well, you’ve put on weight and are in poor health now, so at least you should have a physical examination before you begin.
M: Well, OK, but...
W: And you should change your diet, reduce fatty foods, and eat more fruit and vegetables. Also do more exercise from now on.
M: Yeah, you’re right.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What do you know about Billy’s family?
A．His father works in a post office.
B．They live a hard life.
C．There are only three people in his family.
18．How does Billy deliver the newspapers every day?
A．By bike. B．By car. C．On foot.
19．How much does Billy usually earn every month?
A．$18. B．$64. C．$80.
20．What does Billy save some money for?
A．Continuing his schooling. B．Buying a new bike. C．Buying an old car.
【答案】17．B 18．A 19．C 20．A

【原文】
Billy Black is 14 years old and in the ninth grade at a middle school near his home. Life is hard for his family, so he has to get up at five every morning and ride an old bike to deliver newspapers to houses nearby. There are seven people in his family, his father, his mother and his four sisters. His father, who was once a doctor, is now ill in bed. Every morning, after finishing delivering the newspapers, he hurries to school. The school begins at eight o’clock every morning. He usually earns about 80 dollars a month and more during his holidays. He wants to buy a new bike or a second- hand car, but he has to spend some of the money buying books and clothes for himself, and he has to spend some of his money on food for his family. He saves the rest to pay for his college fees. He does hope to go to college after he graduates from middle school and find a good job after he graduates from college. He hopes to earn much more money to support his poor family in the future.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
To help new students, the International Business Institute (IBI) plans to set up a buddy (伙伴) peer support project. The project will help new students meet current students at IBI who can provide them with some friendly company during their first months in Newcastle and help them with any small problems that they may have.
What’s in it for you?
We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a volunteer, it will be personally satisfying to know that you are able to help new students. It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives. If you are an overseas student, it will give you another opportunity to practise speaking English.
Responsibilities of buddies
• Telephone and arrange to make contact with the new student.
• Meet the student and show him/her around the campus and the local area Answer questions about living in Newcastle and administration procedures at IBI.
• Arrange to meet the new student on morning or afternoon one weekend early in the semester,
and take the student to places that you enjoy in Newcastle.
• Be prepared to take phone call from the new student to answer further questions that he/she may have from time to time. Meet to explain information to the new student in person, if required.
• You will be matched to an individual new student. However, if you have friends who are also buddies, you might prefer to form a support group together. This would mean that you meet the new students as a group rather than one-on-one.
• Being a buddy is voluntary. There is no “requirement” to provide assistance beyond the help outlined above.
Please note that if you agree to become a peer support buddy, you will be expected to fulfill your role conscientiously and cheerfully. It will be important to be considerate and reliable so that the student can feel confident in your support.
21．According to the passage, what benefit can you get from being a buddy?
A．You can learn how to be a confident person.
B．It is easy for you to find some friendly company.
C．You can be rewarded with both money and prizes.
D．It may be helpful for your future studies and career.
22．Which of the following is one of buddy’s responsibility?
A．Forming a support group with other volunteers at IBI.
B．Familiarizing the new student with his or her surroundings.
C．Building up the new suet’s confidence in his or her study.
D．Meeting the new student every morning early in the semester.
23．What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A．To inform students’ responsibilities in new campus.
B．To attract potential volunteers to be peer supporters.
C．To offer an opportunity to practise speaking English.
D．To introduce a peer support project for new students.

【答案】21．D 22．B 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。为了帮助新生，国际商学院（IBI）计划建立一个项目，该项目将帮助新生认识在校学生，并帮助他们解决他们可能遇到的任何小问题。文章主要介绍了作为同伴支持者的好处以及应当履行的一些责任。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives.(它还将帮助你建立可能对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系)”可知，作为伙伴的好处是对你未来的学习和事业有帮助，故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Responsibilities of buddies下的第二段“Meet the student and show him/her around the campus and the local area Answer questions about living in Newcastle and administration procedures at IBI.(与学生见面，带他/她参观校园和当地环境，回答有关在纽卡斯尔生活和 IBI 行政程序的问题)”可知，作为伙伴的其中一个责任是使新生熟悉环境。故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段中“We believe that being a buddy will be rewarding in several ways. As a volunteer, it will be personally satisfying to know that you are able to help new students. It will also help you make contacts that may be valuable in your future academic and professional lives. If you are an overseas student, it will give you another opportunity to practise speaking English.(我们相信成为一个好朋友会在几个方面得到回报。作为一名志愿者，知道自己能够帮助新同学，对你个人来说是一件令人满意的事情。它还将帮助你建立可能对你未来的学术和职业生涯有价值的联系。如果你是一个留学生，这将给你另一个机会练习说英语)”和最后一段中“Please note that if you agree to become a peer support buddy, you will be expected to fulfill your role conscientiously and cheerfully. (请注意，如果你同意成为一个同伴支持伙伴，你将被期望认真和愉快地履行你的角色)”可推知，作者的写作目的是吸引潜在的志愿者成为同伴支持者。故选B。
B
My wife, Hannah, and I don’t usually keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered, but after my diagnosis (诊断) with brain cancer, I loved the idea of having something green around.
A friend gave me what he said was a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green bowl. We placed the plant in the living room and I told Hannah I wanted to care for it myself. When it didn’t immediately turn yellow or lose leaves, I was pleasantly surprised. Tending to the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment when I sometimes felt useless. As a family physician, I was used to offering care, not receiving it.
Since my diagnosis, I had to rely on help from other people. Watering the plant, small act as it was, connected me to a core part of my old identity.
After I recovered from the operation and returned to work, I continued to care for the plant. Soon, it had nearly doubled in height. Both the tree and I were thriving (茁壮成长). Then, without any reason, it began to show signs of stress. Its leaves kept browning and dropping to the floor. Hannah reminded me that we’d seen houseplants die before, but I couldn’t shake the feeling that the plant had become a symbol of my health. I grew increasingly depressed and fearful.
Looking back, I realized I had wrongly connected my caring of the plant—something I could manage—with my own survival—something I couldn’t. Knowing I couldn’t control my fate (命运), my anxiety actually lessened. I began to search online to figure out how to care for my plant. Following the instructions, I transplanted the tree to a larger pot, giving it room to grow. When it was back in the sunny window, we both began to thrive again. Whenever I look at the plant in its new pot, I make a point to think of those who have cared for and supported me.
24．Why was the author surprised about the plant’s good condition?
A．Because of his recent diagnosis. B．Because of his worsening health.
C．Because of his previous failures. D．Because of his unusual good luck.
25．What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 imply?
A．The author considered himself useless. B．The author felt connected to the plant.
C．The author desired to provide care. D．The author hoped to return to work.
26．Why was the author fearful?
A．Because the plant’s poor health might indicate his death.
B．Because the stress of work would harm his well-being.
C．Because he may have to rely on others from then on.
D．Because he would experience a rather risky operation.
27．How did the author lessen his anxiety?
A．By searching plant knowledge online. B．By thinking of those who supported him.
C．By knowing he will survive in the end. D．By accepting his unavoidable limitation.

【答案】24．C 25．C 26．A 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的经历，作者和妻子每次养室内植物都会失败，后来作者患病后，养了一株竹子，作者也把竹子和自己的健康联系在一起。
24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My wife, Hannah, and I don’t usually keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered, but after my diagnosis (诊断) with brain cancer, I loved the idea of having something green around. (我妻子汉娜和我通常不养室内植物。花盆里的任何东西要么浇水过多，要么浇水不足，但在我被诊断出患有脑癌之后，我喜欢周围有一些绿色的东西。)”可知，作者和妻子每次养室内植物都会失败；再根据第二段“When it didn’t immediately turn yellow or lose leaves, I was pleasantly surprised. (当它没有立即变黄或落叶时，我感到惊喜。)”可知，作者看到竹子没有变黄和落叶时，感到惊喜是因为他和妻子之前养室内植物都失败了。故选C。
25．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“As a family physician, I was used to offering care, not receiving it. (作为一名家庭医生，我习惯于提供照顾，而不是接受照顾。)”可知，作者一直以来都习惯于提供照顾。而根据划线句子前一句“Since my diagnosis, I had to rely on help from other people. (自从我被确诊后，我不得不依靠别人的帮助。)”可知，确诊之后，作者不得不依靠别人的帮助，也就是不能继续给别人提供照顾了。因此，划线句子的隐含意思指的是，给植物浇水又唤起了作者照顾别人的渴望。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Hannah reminded me that we’d seen houseplants die before, but I couldn’t shake the feeling that the plant had become a symbol of my health. I grew increasingly depressed and fearful. (汉娜提醒我，我们以前见过室内植物死去，但我无法摆脱这种感觉，那棵植物已经成为我健康的象征。我变得越来越沮丧和恐惧。)”和最后一段“Looking back, I realized I had wrongly connected my caring of the plant—something I could manage—with my own survival—something I couldn’t.  Knowing I couldn’t control my fate (命运), my anxiety actually lessened. (回想起来，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的照顾——这是我能做到的——和我自己的生存联系起来——这是我不能做到的。)”可知，作者感到恐惧的原因是因为作者把植物的健康和自己的健康联系在一起，所以看到植物开始枯萎，作者就联想到自身的健康，因此感到害怕。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Looking back, I realized I had wrongly connected my caring of the plant—something I could manage—with my own survival—something I couldn’t. Knowing I couldn’t control my fate (命运), my anxiety actually lessened. (回想起来，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的照顾——这是我能做到的——和我自己的生存联系起来——这是我不能做到的。知道自己无法控制自己的命运后，我的焦虑反而减轻了。)”可知，作者接受了自己不可避免的局限性，知道自己无法控制自己命运后，他的焦虑也就减轻了。故选D。
C
You don’t have to brave the crowds at the Tidal Basin to enjoy the glories of cherry blossom (樱花), which always runs for one month. The delicate pink and white blooms decorate the district. Washington-based nonprofit Casey Trees has a detailed map of where to find them.
Using the map’s explanation, you can check out a neighborhood’s list of trees. The map is color-coded by a variety of cherry blossom, and there are several: Yoshino, Okame, Oshi-ma, and Sour Cherry, just to name a few.
Michaila Musman, the Geographic Information Systems manager at Casey Trees. suggests tracking down the Sargent Cherry, which develops pinkish white blossoms and is called the “cream” of flowering cherries by the Arbor Day Foundation. “They can also support bird species around the city, which is a wonderful bonus.” says Musman.
The map is an annual tradition at Casey Trees. The organization plans to use it to help protect Washington’s trees. To build the map, staff and volunteers walked into the city’s parks to identify and measure every tree they came across. “We can do better advocacy and tree protection if we know what our trees across the city look like.” said Musman.
Other data points for the map come from DDOT’s Urban Forestry Division and from cherry trees that Casey Trees has planted. Most of the trees on the map are located on public land. So if your yard or your neighbor’s yard is the proud home of a cherry tree, it may not appear (considering it as your own secret garden).
And if you miss the cherries this time around, the organization also maintains a separate map of all the flowering trees in the city. Musman recommends checking out the Eastern Red bud. “They are native to this area and they have very beautiful blossoms.” she says, “it seems as though they came right out of a Dr. Seuss’ book.”
28．What can the map be used to do?
A．Research bird species. B．Decorate some districts.
C．Locate cherry blossom. D．Identify the type of flowers.
29．Why does Casey Trees develop the map?
A．To know the city better. B．To protect the local trees.
C．To build the city’s parks. D．To use public land efficiently.
30．What can we know from the last two paragraphs?
A．The map comes out of a Dr. Seuss’ book.
B．The map is the only product of Casey Trees.
C．Casey Trees has planted many trees across the USA．
D．Casey Trees takes individual privacy into consideration.
31．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Casey Trees likes cherry blossom B．Casey Trees will introduce a new map
C．You should protect the city’s cherry trees D．You needn’t bother to find cherry blossom

【答案】28．C 29．B 30．D 31．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了非营利组织Casey Trees开发了一张地图，可以显示樱花的位置。文章解释了开发这种地图的目的以及其它关于地图的信息。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Washington-based nonprofit Casey Trees has a detailed map of where to find them.(总部位于华盛顿的非营利组织Casey Trees有一张详细的地图，上面有找到樱花的地方)”可知，地图可以用来找到樱花。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“The map is an annual tradition at Casey Trees. The organization plans to use it to help protect Washington’s trees.(这张地图是Casey Trees的年度传统。该组织计划用它来帮助保护华盛顿的树木)”可知，Casey Trees开发这张地图是为了保护当地的树木。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Most of the trees on the map are located on public land. So if your yard or your neighbor’s yard is the proud home of a cherry tree, it may not appear (considering it as your own secret garden).(地图上的大部分树木都位于公共土地上。因此，如果你的院子或你邻居的院子里有一棵樱桃树，它可能不会出现（考虑到它是你自己的秘密花园）)”可知，Casey Trees考虑到个人隐私。故选D。
31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“You don’t have to brave the crowds at the Tidal Basin to enjoy the glories of cherry blossom (樱花), which always runs for one month. The delicate pink and white blooms decorate the district. Washington-based nonprofit Casey Trees has a detailed map of where to find them.(在潮汐盆地，你不必冒着拥挤的人群去欣赏樱花盛开的美景，樱花盛开的时间通常长达一个月。娇嫩的粉白色花朵点缀着这个地区。总部位于华盛顿的非营利组织Casey Trees有一张详细的地图，上面有找到它们的地方)”结合文章主要说明了非营利组织Casey Trees开发了一张地图，可以显示樱花的位置。文章解释了开发这种地图的目的以及其它关于地图的信息。可知，D选项“你不必费心去找樱花了”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
In today’s motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated. Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett-“Fail again. Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success, a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory.
However, psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively. In other words, we fail to “fail forward”. We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere and reach our goals. This phenomenon is known as the “sour-grape effect”, which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad.
Sjastad explains that “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism. “Most of us picture ourselves as competent people, so when external feedback (反馈) suggests otherwise, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says. “The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the external signal, so we can reduce the inconsistency and preserve a positive sense of self. We do this even without noticing.”
If you have one bad interview for your dream job, you might convince yourself that you don’t really want it at all, and stop applying for similar positions. The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial, or if a publisher rejects the first submission of your manuscript (手稿).“We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’,” Sjastad says.
It doesn’t mean we should persevere in goals all the time. It can be healthy to change ambitions if the process is no longer making us happy. But the “sour-grape effect“ may lead us to come to this decision prematurely, rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve.
Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, you may find it easier to achieve your goals.
32．Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in paragraph 1?
A．To offer an example to handle failure.
B．To describe a shallow understanding of failure.
C．To introduce a common attitude towards failure.
D．To emphasize the importance of experiencing failure.
33．What can we learn from the paragraph 3 about the “sour-grape effect”?
A．It protects us from false feedback.
B．It pictures us as competitive people.
C．It poses a severe threat to self-image.
D．It denies negative feedback to ourselves.
34．What does the underlined word “prematurely” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Unhappily. B．Mistakenly. C．Hurriedly. D．Carelessly.
35．Which statement would the author most probably agree with?
A．Don’t escape when our self-image is broken.
B．Don’t quit when goals no longer make you happy.
C．Never hesitate to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”.
D．Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self.

【答案】32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了正确的失败观——相比于仅仅把失败当作一种幸运，更多地是要有建设性地“失败”，勇敢面对失望，并从中学习到经验。作者警示我们要警惕“酸葡萄效应”，不要企图通过逃避失败的方式，来避免失败和失望。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“However, psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively. In other words, we fail to “fail forward”. We find ways to devalue the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere and reach our goals. (然而，心理学研究发现，我们大多数人都难以做到建设性地处理失败。换句话说，我们没有“向前失败”。我们想办法贬低我们失败的任务，降低坚持和实现目标的动力。)”可知，第一段提出了一个看似正确但实则肤浅的观点，以便后文提出作者自已的见解：仅仅把失败当作一种幸运是肤浅的，而要有建设性地“失败”，从中学习经验。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Sjastad explains that “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism. “Most of us picture ourselves as competent people, so when external feedback (反馈) suggests otherwise, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says. (Sjastad解释说，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制。“我们大多数人都认为自己是有能力的人，所以当外部反馈不是这样时，它会对自我形象构成严重威胁，”他说。)”可知，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，会否认外界对于我们的负面反馈。故选D。
34．词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve (而不是坚持一小会，再看看是否可以从中学习和提高)”可推知，prematurely意思与“hanging on a little”相反，意为“提前地，过早地”。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened, you may find it easier to achieve your goals. (失败是不可避免的。学会面对失望，而不是贬低失望的重要性，假装什么都没发生，你可能会发现实现目标更容易。)”可知，作者通过全文的讨论，呼吁大家树立正确的失败观，警惕“酸葡萄效应”。当我们完美的自我形象受外界负面反馈的影响时，不要逃避，不要贬低失败的价值，而是要勇敢的面对，并从中得到学习和提高。故选A。
第二节 (其5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What a comedian can teach you about managing stress
We often accept stress as part of the cost of modern life, but it really doesn’t have to be. We all know that laughter is the best medicine. ____36____ People who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger. Here is what a comedian says about coping with stress.
You can try to find a different perspective. ____37____ Once a friend of mine fell asleep in the middle of a class. His teacher decided to make fun of him by inviting students to applaud, wondering whether my friend would applaud along when he woke up. He did and the whole class burst outlaughing. After learning everything, he was both embarrassed and ashamed of course but after a while, my friend laughed. “If this had happened to someone else, it would have been amusing. So it’s no less funny, just because it happened to me. “
____38____ There’s no doubt that we all experience great stress now and then. We’ve all been personally affected, in some way. You might not have felt like laughing at the time But now, looking back, you could consider all of the strange aspects of the experience and all of the things you did to keep active or simply stay sane (神志正常的) .
When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth. ____39____ Take the exact same story and change the focus from “feel sorry for me” to “laugh with me”. Keep in mind that we’re all in this together, that we all share the same ridiculous experiences, and that we can laugh together at whatever life throws at us. ____40____
A．Always share a good story.
B．Why not do what comedians do?
C．You can also look again and laugh.
D．But laughter does more than cheer you up.
E．Then you are able to make a simple choice.
F．In this way. you will say goodbye to stress forever.
G．If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring.

【答案】36．D 37．G 38．C 39．B 40．E
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了笑能帮助我们级解压力，生活中要笑对困境，看向事物积极的一面。
36．前文提到“We all know that laughter is the best medicine.”（我们都知道笑容是最好的良药），后文提到“People who can laugh at their own misfortunes bounce back faster and stronger.”（能对自己的不幸一笑置之的人能更快更坚强地振作起来。）由此判断，笑容还能让人更快地恢复过来。D项“But laughter does more than cheer you up.”（但是笑不仅仅是让你开心。）旨在说明笑不只是让人心情好起来，它还有后文提到的“Here is what a comedian says about coping with stress.”（以下是一位喜剧演员对应对压力的看法。）减少压力的作用。D项符合文意，故选D。
37．第二段第一句提到“You can try to find a different perspective. ”（你可以尝试换个角度）。下文作者讲了朋友的一个故事，旨在证明只要找到了好笑的点，就可以把一件尴尬的事情变成一件好笑的事情。而读者可以从这个故事里获得灵感，受到鼓舞。从上下文可以得知，这个角度实际上指的是看到事情的有趣的地方，找到好笑的点。G项“If you have trouble seeing the funny side, you may find the following inspiring.”（如果你很难看到有趣的一面，你可能会发现下面的故事很鼓舞人心。）该项与后文的故事为解释例证关系。G项符合文意，故选G。
38．空处位于段首，由此判断该句应为该段的主题句，后文提到“You might not have felt like laughing at the time But now, looking back, you could consider all of the strange aspects of the experience and all of the things you did to keep active or simply stay sane (神志正常的) .”（当时你可能不想笑，但现在，回头看，你可以考虑所有奇怪的方面的经验和所有的事情，你做了保持活跃或只是保持理智。）每个人都会经历压力并受到影响，当时也许笑不出来，但是回头看看，想起做过的奇怪的事情，也许就会笑了。C项“You can also look again and laugh.”（你可以回过头看看，然后大笑一场） 该项符合文意，故选C。
39．前文提到“When you share stories with your friends, you can choose to share stories of trauma (创伤) and pain, or you can choose to lift their spirits with stories of hope and growth.”（当你和朋友分享故事时，你可以选择分享创伤和痛苦的故事，也可以选择用希望和成长的故事来鼓舞他们的精神。）后文提到“Take the exact same story and change the focus from “feel sorry for me” to “laugh with me”. ”（以同样的故事为例，把重点从“为我感到难过”转变为“和我一起笑”。）由此判断，该段说明可以把难过的事情转换成另外一个方面去吸收。结合文章标题“What a comedian can teach you about managing stress”（喜剧演员可以教你如何管理压力）可知，喜剧演员会让观众一起笑起来。B项“Why not do what comedians do?”（为什么不学学喜剧演员呢?）B项符合文意，故选B。
40．前文提到“Keep in mind that we’re all in this together, that we all share the same ridiculous experiences, and that we can laugh together at whatever life throws at us. ”（请记住，我们都在一起，我们都有同样荒谬的经历，我们可以一起嘲笑生活给我们的任何东西。），此空前面建议人们要认识到每个人都会经历不好的事情，无论经历什么，我们都可以发笑。所以此空应该是这么做的好处。E项“Then you are able to make a simple choice.”（然后你就可以做一个简单的选择。）E项符合文意，故选E。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was 40, with two adorable children and a caring husband. And I’m enjoying a challenging but ____41____ career. Although this is “success”, sometimes I feel my heart asking if this is who I truly am.
The chaos of the family kitchen was ____42____: the noise of the kettle, pots and dishes, and the conversation ____43____ while I’m making breakfast. I escaped ____44____ to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the self that is ____45____ from the children and wonder who that person might be.
So, I journeyed, for the first time in a decade, without my husband or kids. I went with a friend to ____46____ in Iceland. I hoped the consideration of walking would help me better ____47____ who I wanted to be. For 6 days, I was absorbed in wild scenery and real weather. The mountains in Iceland rise black and tall into the heavens against the white snow. Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there’s no decision to make ____48____ the soul. Climbing a mountain against sheets of rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal ____49____ me how little I actually needed and how strong I felt _____50_____ uncomfortable.
I found _____51_____ in Iceland, and time to consider “the me” outside career and kids as I shared stories with strangers with no _____52_____ past and no expected future. When I stopped talking and just listened, I was surprised at how my _____53_____ changed—I became more generous. I learned generosity can _____54_____ more space and more warmth _____55_____ when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.
I came home to _____56_____, chaos and love. I know the answer isn’t waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head, however _____57_____ I try to hear; and it isn’t in conversations with other seeking souls. The answer is in front of me with every step on my own life’s _____58_____.
I’m not finding myself, but I’m creating myself. I need the storm as much as I need the quietness. _____59_____ is built under a heavy load. I’m expecting to pick up all of my loads and travel _____60_____.
41．A．disastrous B．fun C．dull D．tough
42．A．comforting B．approving C．disturbing D．appealing
43．A．demands B．solutions C．assumptions D．references
44．A．originally B．apparently C．potentially D．briefly
45．A．separate B．accessible C．different D．mixed
46．A．volunteer B．hike C．settle D．wander
47．A．understand B．picture C．suppose D．question
48．A．trapped B．replaced C．freed D．drove
49．A．warned B．reminded C．consulted D．promised
50．A．as if B．even though C．so D．when
51．A．confidence B．value C．silence D．happiness
52．A．shared B．painful C．troubled D．glorious
53．A．concern B．attitude C．life D．appearance
54．A．advocate B．shoulder C．launch D．create
55．A．indeed B．just C．only D．even
56．A．doubt B．noise C．peace D．experience
57．A．specifically B．casually C．hard D．randomly
58．A．design B．pattern C．path D．belief
59．A．Pleasure B．Strength C．Spirit D．Pressure
60．A．aside B．off C．back D．on

【答案】
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．A 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．D 56．B 57．C 58．C 59．B 60．D
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述一个40岁的女士，因为家庭烦杂的家务和家人的嘈杂使得她想逃离，于是她就为了更好的去了解自己想做什么样的人，就和朋友一起去徒步旅行。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很喜欢这份有挑战又有趣的工作。A. disastrous灾难的；B. fun有趣的；C. dull枯燥的；D. tough艰难的。根据上文“I’m enjoying a challenging but”可知，下文要用和challenging相反的意思的形容词来描述作者对她的工作的态度，作者很喜欢的工作，应该是很有趣的。故选B。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：家庭厨房的混乱令人不安：水壶、锅碗瓢盆的声音，以及我做早餐时的谈话要求。A. comforting令人安慰的；B. approving支持的；C. disturbing令人不安的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据下文“I escaped 　　44　　 to my bedroom. Only in silence do I bear the self that is 　　45　　 from the children and wonder who that person might be.”可知，作者不喜欢这样的生活状况，所以厨房里的混乱令她不安。故选C。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A. demands需求，要求；B. solutions解决；C. assumptions假设；D. references参考。根据下文“Only in silence do I bear the self”可知，作者想要安静，说明她平时得不到安静，所以她生活中应该是对谈话有要求。故选A。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只能短时间地逃到我的卧室。A. originally原始地；B. apparently明显地；C. potentially潜在地；D. briefly短时间地。根据下文“to my bedroom”可知，作者逃到她的卧室来远离令人不安的家庭琐事只是暂时的行为。故选D。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有在沉默中，我才能承受与孩子们分离的自我，并想知道那个人可能是谁。A. separate分离的；B. accessible可到达的；C. different不同的；D. mixed混合的。根据下文“wonder who that person might be”可知，此处是指脱离孩子们作者是一个什么样的人。故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和一个朋友去冰岛徒步旅行。A. volunteer自愿；B. hike徒步；C. settle定居；D. wander漫步。根据下文“I hoped the consideration of walking would help me”可知，作者是在那里徒步旅行。故选B。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望对走路的考虑能帮助我更好地了解我想成为什么样的人。A. understand了解，理解；B. picture描绘；C. suppose假设；D. question问题。根据上文“wonder who that person might be”可知，作者一直想知道自己离开了家人会成为什么样的人，所以在外旅游期间就可以好好的思考并了解一下。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看着外面的狂风暴雨，并知道不需要做决定，我的灵魂得到了释放。A. trapped设陷阱；B. replaced代替；C. freed释放；D. drove开车。根据上文“Looking outside at wild wind and rain and knowing there’s no decision to make”可知，作者的状态是很放松的，所以是释放了灵魂，让灵魂自由了。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：顶着大雨爬山，回到帐篷里吃一顿简单的饭，提醒我，我实际上需要的是多么的少，当我不舒服的时候，我感觉自己多么的强大。A. warned警告；B. reminded提醒；C. consulted咨询；D. promised承诺。根据下文“how little I actually needed and how strong I felt 　　50　　 uncomfortable.”可知，这是作者意识到的内容，就好像是在提醒她自己。故选B。
50．考查连词词义辨析。句意：见第9题详解。A. as if好像；B. even though尽管；C. so因此；D. when当……时候。根据上文“how strong I felt”可知，这是作者在她自己不舒服的时候的感受。故选D。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在冰岛找到了宁静，有时间去思考除了事业和孩子之外的“我”，与没有共同过去和未来的陌生人分享故事。A. confidence自信；B. value价值；C. silence沉默，寂静；D. happiness快乐。根据上文“Only in silence do I bear the self that is 　　45　　 from the children and.”可知，作者一直想要寻找的就是这份安静。故选C。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. shared分享的；B. painful痛苦的；C. troubled有麻烦的；D. glorious荣耀的。根据上文“shared stories with strangers”可知，作者和陌生人之间是没有共同可分享的过去的。故选A。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我不说话，仅仅听的时候，我吃惊的发现我的态度改变了——我变得更加的大方了。A. concern关心；B. attitude态度；C. life生活；D. appearance出现，外貌。根据下文“I became more generous”可知，这是作者的态度改变了。故选B。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我了解到，大方可以创造更多的空间和温暖，甚至是第一眼看上去似乎不够的时候。A. advocate倡导；B. shoulder承担；C. launch发射；D. create创造。根据下文“more space and more warmth 　　55　　 when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.”可知，更多的空间和温暖是大方创造出来的。故选D。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. indeed确实；B. just仅仅；C. only仅仅；D. even甚至。根据下文“when there may not seem enough to go around at first glance.”可知，这句话是和上文是递进的关系。故选D。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回到嘈杂，混乱和爱的家。A. doubt怀疑；B. noise嘈杂；C. peace使和平；D. experience经历。根据上文“The chaos of the family kitchen was 　　42　　: the noise of the kettle, pots and dishes, and the conversation 　　43　　 while I’m making breakfast.”可知，作者的家里充满了嘈杂，混乱和爱。故选B。
57．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道，无论我多么努力的去听，答案不是在山顶上等待，也不是在我的脑海里等待。A. specifically确切地说；B. casually随意地；C. hard努力；D. randomly随机地。根据上文“I know the answer isn’t waiting out there on the top of a mountain or inside my head,”可知，作者无论多么努力地去听，答案都不在那些地方。故选C。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：答案就在我面前自己走的人生路的每一步。A. design设计；B. pattern类型；C. path路；D. belief信念。根据上文“in front of me with every step”可知，这是指作者走的人生路上的每一步。故选C。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：力量在重担下被创造。A. Pleasure快乐；B. Strength力量；C. Spirit精神；D. Pressure压力。根据下文“is built under a heavy load.”可知，在负重的情况下被创造的应该是力量。故选B。
60．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我打算带上所有的东西继续旅行。A. aside一边；B. off离开；C. back回来；D. on继续。根据上文“I’m expecting to pick up all of my loads and travel”可知，作者期待的是带上所有的东西继续旅行。故选D。
第二节 ( 共10小题:每小题1.5分, 满分15分 )
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
What is culture? Culture is the shared characteristics and knowledge of a group of people, ____61____ (include) their language, religion, food, social habits. music and arts. The word “culture” has its root from the Latin “culture”, which is related _________(62) the meaning of “growth”.
A number of historical events ____63____ (help) shape Western culture in the past 2,500 years. The fall of Rome cleared the way for the establishment of a series of states in Europe. The Black Death of the 1300 cut the population of Europe by one-third, ____64____ remade the society. Gradually, Christianity became the ____65____ (strong) of all religions in Europe. Then the trade between East and West allowed Europeans to explore North and South America.
Eastern culture generally refers to the traditions in Asian ____66____ (country). Like the West, Eastern culture was heavily influenced by religion during its early development, but later it ____67____ (influence) by the agricultural development significantly.
____68____ culture differs from area to area, one thing is for certain: Cultures change. “Culture plays ____69____ important role in our interconnected world,” De Rossi said. “But it is no longer fixed. Culture is ____70____ (constant) moving and essentially fluid.”

【答案】
61．including 62．to 63．have helped 64．which 65．strongest 66．countries 67．was influenced 68．Although/Though 69．an 70．constantly
【详解】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了文化的内涵及历史。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：文化是什么?文化是一群人共有的特征和知识，包括他们的语言、宗教、饮食、社会习惯、音乐和艺术　. (include) their language, religion, food, social habits. music and arts. 是非谓语动词作状语，include与其逻辑主语Culture之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故填including。
2.考查形容词短语。be related to“与…有关”。故填to。
3.考查时态和语态。句意：在过去2500年里，大量的历史事件帮助塑造了西方文化。根据此句的时间状语“in the past 2,500 years”可知，需要用现在完成时，且此处为主动语态，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填have helped。
4.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：14世纪的黑死病导致欧洲的人口减少了三分之一，这重塑了整个社会。此处为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，需填入关系代词which指代整个主句内容，故填which。
5.考查形容词的最高级。句意：基督教逐渐变成欧洲最大的宗教。根据“of all religions in Europe”可知，此处是形容词的最高级，故填strongest。
6.考查名词复数。句意：总的来说，东方文化指的是亚洲共有的传统。country是可数名词，此空处上文是Asian “亚洲的”，所以该处需要填名词复数，故填countries。
7.考查时态和语态。句意：与西方一样，东方文化在发展初期受到宗教的影响较大，但在发展后期又受到农业发展的影响较大。此处为but并列句的谓语，描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；“它”和“影响”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故填was influenced。
8.考查状语从句。句意：虽然不同地区的文化有所不同，但有一件事情是确定的，那就是文化一直处于变化之中。此处需要填入让步状语从句的连接词，表示“尽管”，故填Although/Though。
9. 考查固定短语。句意：德罗西说：“文化在我们这个相互联系的世界中扮演着重要的角色。”固定短语“play a role in”译为：扮演着……的角色，形容词important是以元音音素开头的词，需要填不定冠词an，故填an。
10.考查副词。 句意：文化从本质上来说是流动的，而且一直在变化。此处需要用副词修饰动词moving，故填constantly。

第四部分 写作 (共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71．假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
How time flies! I have hard had time to enjoy the warmth of my home while it's time go back to school. This winter I spent ten days study math, chemistry and physics, none of them was easy for me.
And I still had some fun during the Spring Festival. I had attended my uncle's wedding and my new aunt was very beautiful. To my disappoiting, I didn't get many lucky money as I had expected. I also went to the cinema with several classmates. We played jokes on each other and had a big meal in a restaurant calling "Red Lobster". The food there was very delicious and we all really enjoyed us.
【答案】1.hard→hardly
2.go前面加to
3.study→studying
4.them→which
5.And→ But
6.删除 had
7.disappoining→disappointment
8.many→much
9. calling→called
10.us→ourselves
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己寒假的经历。
【详解】1.考查副词。句意：时间飞逝．我刚一享受到家庭的温暖，开学的时间就到了。Hardly“几乎不”将hard改为hardly。
2.考查不定式。句意：又该回到学校了。根据固定句型：it's time to do sth. （该到做某事的时间了）可知，go前面加不定式符号to。故在go前面加to。
3.考查固定短语。句意：这个寒假，我花了十天时间学习数学，化学，物理，对我来说这些科目都能很困难。Spend …doing…故将study改为studying。
4.考查关系代词。句意：对我来说这些科目都能很困难。根据 none of them之前的逗号可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是math, chemistry and physics，因此要用none of which引导。故将them该为which。
5.考查连词。句意：但是春节期间，我仍然有一些乐趣。上段在讲学习的困难。本段在讲一些趣事，因此是转折关系，故将And改为 But。
6.考查时态。句意：我参加了舅舅的婚礼，我的舅妈很漂亮。这一段在讲寒假的经历，因此要用一般过去时，故将 had删除。
7.考查名词。句意：令我失望的是，我没有得到我期待的那么多的压岁钱。根据固定结构：“to one’s +n”(令某人怎样)可知，这里用名词disappointment。故将disappoining改为disappointment。
8.考查代词。句意：我没有得到我期待的那么多的压岁钱。Money是不可数名词，要用much修饰，故将many改为much。
9.考查过去分词。句意：我们彼此开玩笑，然后在一个叫做“红龙虾”的餐馆聚餐。call前面是一个完整的句子，因此call只能是非谓语，由于call与它修饰的词restaurant是被动关系，因此要用过去分词。故将calling改为called。
10.考查反身代词。句意：食物很好吃。我们都过得很愉快。主语是we，因此我们都过得很愉快，用英语enjoyed ourselves。故将us改为ourselves。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72．每个班级中，都有一些为集体默默做出自己贡献的人。请你以“A devoted classmate”为题，写一篇短文向学校报社投稿，内容包括：
1. 他/她为班级做出的贡献；
2. 你对他/她的评价；
注意：1. 词数100左右。2. 题目已为你写好。3. 不要透露个人真实信息。
A devoted classmate
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Li Ming is our monitor. He is tall, healthy and lively, and does well in all subjects. He makes a great contribution to our class. For example, he helps to maintain the discipline when our head teacher is not in. He is modest and always ready to help the classmates who are in trouble. Once I was ill, Li Ming not only took notes for me,but also helped me with my study with great patience. With the leadship of Li Ming, our class is united and everyone is friendly. I think Li Ming sets a fine example for all the students.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“A devoted classmate”为题，写一篇短文，向学校报社投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在……某方面干得好：do well in→be good at
致力于，做出贡献：make a great contribution to→devote oneself to
谦虚的：modest→inobtrusive
在困难中：be in trouble→get into trouble
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：He is tall, healthy and lively, and does well in all subjects.
拓展句：He is a tall, healthy and lively boy who does well in all subjects.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
For example, he helps to maintain the discipline when our head teacher is not in.(运用了连接副词when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]
He is modest and always ready to help the classmates who are in trouble. (运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句)