(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解七年级上册Unit 3 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)

这是一份(人教版)中考英语一轮复习词汇整理+语法讲解七年级上册Unit 3 （词汇+语法讲解） (含答案)，共17页。


【单词变形】
【单词变性】
teacher名词变动词___________
help动词变形容词___________
【一词多义】
1. welcme __________________ ___________________
Welcme t ur schl.
It is welcme that spring is cming.
2. bk ________________ __________________
I like reading stry bks.
Yu need t bk the htel ne week befre yu live there.
3. e-mail ________________ __________________
I receive many e-mails frm my friend every year.
If yu are interested, please e-mail us at 234556@qq.cm
4. watch ________________ __________________
My father sent me a watch n my birthday.
I watch the ld men exercising n the grund.
5. abut ________________ __________________
The bk is abut a man wh stayed n an island fr years alne.
Yu can thrw rubbish abut.
6. at ________________ __________________ ________________ __________________ _______________
We can meet at 18:30.
Yu can call me at 3838383.
We will meet at the schl gate.
Yu shuldn't shut at yur mther like that.
I bught the phne at a high price.
7. fr _______________ __________________ ________________ __________________ _______________ _________________ _______________
I want t take a pht fr my family.
It is easy fr me t wrk ut the prblem.
Thank yu fr yur help.
I have read the bk fr a week.
I was late fr schl yesterday mrning.
I bught the phne fr 6,000 yuan.
I want t see the twer fr myself.
8. in _______________ __________________ ________________ __________________ _______________ __________________ _______________
My father said he wuld cme back in a week.
I see yur pencil bx in the schlbag.
The great singer Yiyangqianxi was brn in 2000.
I met a friend n the street in the mrning.
The bss is nt in nw.
Mary is interested in English.
Even the tp student has prblem in slving the prblem.
9. lse _________________ ___________________ __________________
I lst my watch yesterty.
My team lst t his team in yesterday’s basketball cmpetitin.
I lst my way in the frest.
The bk is s interesting that I am lst in it.
10. ring ___________ _______________ _______________
He wears a ring arund his finger.
When it is time fr class, the bell rings.
In the schl, we have ring t remind.
11. find _________________ ______________
I can’t find my watch anywhere.
I find it interesting t learn English.
【词汇用法】
1. must: mdal v./must d sth.
近义词辨析: must vs. have t
must: mdal v./must d sth./mustn’t d
have t: v./have t d/dn’t have t
2. watch: watch sth./watch sb. d/ding sth./watch ut
类似词: see vs. hear
see: see sb. d/ding sth./see sb. ff
hear: hear sb. d/ding sth./hear f sb./hear abut sth./hear frm sb.
3. ask: ask sb. sth./ask sb. fr sth./ask fr sth./ask and answer
4. call:
1) v. call sb. at+number/call at sp./call n sb./call fr help/call ut/call up/call in/call sb. sth.
2) n. make a call t sb.
5. find: find sth./find it adj. t d sth.
近义词辨析: lk fr vs. find vs. find ut vs. discver
lk fr: lk fr sth./sb. 寻找，表示过程
find: find sth. 找到，表示结果
find ut: 发现，表示实验，观察结果
discver: 发现，一直存在，之前未被发现的事物
6. thank: thank yu fr sth./thank sb. fr sth.
相关词辨析: thanks fr vs. thank yu fr vs. thanks t
thanks fr: 因…而感谢
thank yu fr: 因…而感谢
thanks t: 因为，由于
7. help:
1) v. help sb. (t) d sth./can’t help t d sth./can't help ding sth./help sb. with sth.
2) n. with the help f sb./sth./withut the help f sb./sth./with ne’s help
8. lse: lse t sb./be lst in sth./get lst/lse ne’s way/lse sth.
相关词辨析: win vs. lse vs. beat vs. fail
win: vt. /win the prize/win the cmpetitin/win the game
lse: vt./lse t sb./be lst in sth./get lst/lse ne’s way/lse sth.
beat: vt./beat sb.
fail: vi./fail t d sth./fail in the exam
【攻占语法】
名词
1. 名词的分类: ___________________ ________________________
2. 名词的位置: 名词放在 __________________ 前面或后面，做_________________或 _________________; 名词所有格____________ _____________ _____________ 放在__________________ 的前面
3. 名词的用法:
一、名词的复数
1. 复数的变化规则
2. 发音规则
清清浊浊，元音后浊
3. 复数的使用场景
1) 可数名词前无不定冠词，单数修饰词(this/that)
2) ＞1的数词修饰: tw/three…, many, sme, any
3) 量词修饰: a pair f, a set f
二、名词所有格
1. 名词所有格的形式
1) n.’s, n.s’, n. f n., n. f 名词性物主代词
2. 名词所有格的使用场景
两个名词之间存在所属关系
请在下列两个名词之间存在所属关系的NP(nun phrase) 前打”√”
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
一些，某些
老师，教师
受欢迎的
表，手表
必须
关于
袋，包
(提供电话号码等时使用)按照，根据，在(某处，某时间或某时刻)
棒球
为了，给，对
书
在…里
箱，盒
她的
卡片
他的
教室
(I的宾格)我
计算机，电脑
我的
字典，词典
有些，有的
电子邮件
你的，你们的
橡皮
请求，要求，询问
游戏，运动，比赛
(给...)打电话
图书馆
原谅，宽恕
笔记本
(过去式，过去分词fund)找到，发现
铅笔
(动词lse的过去式)遗失，丢失
戒指
感谢，谢谢
书包
帮助，援助
一套，一副，一组
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
ask
call
excuse
find
lst
thank
help
名词
复数
名词
复数
bag
e-mail
baseball
eraser
bk
game
bx
library
card
ntebk
classrm
pencil
cmputer
ring
dictinary
schlbag
teacher
watch
变化规则
规则
例词
一般情况下
以s,x,sh,ch结尾
以结尾
以辅音字母+y结尾
不规则变化
单复数同形
□she shp
□desk tp
□net bar
□Mary schlbag
□friend pht
□rm Mary’s
□cmputer battery
□knife frk
□keybard muse
【词汇练习】
Christmas is cming sn. Let’s think a ________ the gifts(礼物).
The wman is s amazing that I admire her very much. She can wrk well and take gd care f her baby a ________ the same time.
If yu dn’t knw hw t answer this questin, a ________ yur teacher fr help.
Many bys in ur class like playing b ________. It is a gd sprt.
The b________ are very big. Yu can put many things in it.
My name is Tim Bass, and yu can c ________ me Tim.
Lk at my c ________. It’s tidy and students’ desks are in it.
Many yung peple like playing c________ games.
We can use d ________ t help us when we meet sme new wrds.
Amy is f great h ________. She is always there fr yu when yu are in need.
Jane likes reading bks in the schl l ________.
W ________ t my fruit stre. We have sme great fruit.
There are tw w________ n the table. They can tell yu the time.
We shuld t________ ur parents fr their lve.
The tape player is n the t ________ desk in the classrm.
【语法练习】
I hpe her __________________(neighbr) dn't mind t much.
The WWF warns _______________(leader) at every level that they must wrk tgether t prtect the planet.
Pay attentin t yur advantages, and find ________(activity) that yu enjy.
As the biggest mvie f the year wrldwide, China’s sci-fi mvie The Wandering Earth has wn attentin f the wrld, including Hllywd, in the past tw ____________(mnth).
Maybe, yu’ll realize it has been sme ________(mnth) since yu brrwed it and decide t return it.
Dn’t give yurself a hard time abut it. It’s nt easy t change life ____________(habit) vernight.
It is als the day t hnr great _________________(writer), fr example, William Shakespeare, was brn n that day.
There are millins f peple wh visit ______________(city) all ver the wrld every day.
These ________________(activity) including walking, buying tickets nline, talking public transprtatin and s n.
It takes nly a few ________(secnd) t buckle up(系好) nce yu get in the car, but this simple actin culd save yur life. Why wuldn’t yu?
They dn’t have fixed classrms r regular ________(classmate). Instead, they have mre than 400 curses and 272 schl clubs t chse frm.
Where wuld yu prefer t live? In a big city r in the cuntry? Hwever, wherever yu are, there are always ________(advantage) and disadvantages.
“Thirteen-year-lds dn’t want things that lk like tys; they want adult ________(prduct). But they’ve als gt their special needs,” Mr. Law tld peple why he decided t make the Jurni.
Duck was an interesting name fr such a little dg. But he was my friend frm the mment I culd wrk. He stayed with me in that chair when I read ________(bk).
________________(plant) are green, and withut them the earth wuldn't be such a lvely hme fr us human beings.
【参考答案】
teacher名词变动词teach
help动词变形容词helpful
1. welcme 欢迎 受欢迎的
Welcme t ur schl.
It is welcme that spring is cming.
2. bk 书籍 预定
I like reading stry bks.
Yu need t bk the htel ne week befre yu live there.
3. e-mail 邮件 给…发邮件
I receive many e-mails frm my friend every year.
If yu are interested, please e-mail us at 234556@qq.cm
4. watch 手表 观察，观看
My father sent me a watch n my birthday.
I watch the ld men exercising n the grund.
5. abut 关于，到处，处处
The bk is abut a man wh stayed n an island fr years alne.
Yu can thrw rubbish abut.
6. at 时间 号码 地点 表不好的事情 价格
We can meet at 18:30.
Yu can call me at 3838383.
We will meet at the schl gate.
Yu shuldn't shut at yur mther like that.
I bught the phne at a high price.
7. fr 为了 对于 因为 时间短 迟到 价格 亲自
I want t take a pht fr my family.
It is easy fr me t wrk ut the prblem.
Thank yu fr yur help.
I have read the bk fr a week.
I was late fr schl yesterday mrning.
I bught the phne fr 6,000 yuan.
I want t see the twer fr myself.
8. in 时间段 在…里面 年份 早中晚 在家 对…感兴趣 在…方面
My father said he wuld cme back in a week.
I see yur pencil bx in the schlbag.
The great singer Yiyangqianxi was brn in 2000.
I met a friend n the street in the mrning.
The bss is nt in nw.
Mary is interested in English.
Even the tp student has prblem in slving the prblem.
9. lse 失去 输给 迷路 沉迷
I lst my watch yesterty.
My team lst t his team in yesterday’s basketball cmpetitin.
I lst my way in the frest.
The bk is s interesting that I am lst in it.
10. ring 戒指 铃响 铃
He wears a ring arund his finger.
When it is time fr class, the bell rings.
In the schl, we have ring t remind.
11. find 找到 觉得
I can’t find my watch anywhere.
I find it interesting t learn English.
1. 名词的分类: 可数名词 不可数名词
2. 名词的位置: 名词放在 动词/介词 前面或后面，做主语或 宾语名词所有格’s s’ f 放在名词 的前面
3. 名词的用法:
一、名词的复数
1. 复数的变化规则
2. 发音规则
清清浊浊，元音后浊
3. 复数的使用场景
1) 可数名词前无不定冠词，单数修饰词(this/that)
2) ＞1的数词修饰: tw/three…, many, sme, any
3) 量词修饰: a pair f, a set f
二、名词所有格
1. 名词所有格的形式
1) n.’s, n.s’, n. f n., n. f 名词性物主代词
2. 名词所有格的使用场景
两个名词之间存在所属关系
请在下列两个名词之间存在所属关系的NP(nun phrase) 前打”√”
意思
单词
词性
意思
单词
词性
一些，某些
sme
adj.
老师，教师
teacher
n.
受欢迎的
welcme
adj.
表，手表
watch
n.
必须
must
mdal v.
关于
abut
prep.
袋，包
bag
n.
(提供电话号码等时使用)按照，根据，在(某处，某时间或某时刻)
at
prep.
棒球
baseball
n.
为了，给，对
fr
prep.
书
bk
n.
在…里
in
prep.
箱，盒
bx
n.
她的
hers
prn.
卡片
card
n.
他的
his
prn.
教室
classrm
n.
(I的宾格)我
me
prn.
计算机，电脑
cmputer
n.
我的
mine
prn.
字典，词典
dictinary
n.
有些，有的
sme
prn.
电子邮件
e-mail
n.
你的，你们的
yurs
prn.
橡皮
eraser
n.
请求，要求，询问
ask
v.
游戏，运动，比赛
game
n.
(给...)打电话
call
v.
图书馆
library
n.
原谅，宽恕
excuse
v.
笔记本
ntebk
n.
(过去式，过去分词fund)找到，发现
find
v.
铅笔
pencil
n.
(动词lse的过去式)遗失，丢失
lst
v.
戒指
ring
n.
感谢，谢谢
thank
v.
书包
schlbag
n.
帮助，援助
help
v.&n.
一套，一副，一组
set
n.
单词
三单
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
ask
asks
asked
asked
asking
call
calls
called
called
calling
excuse
excuses
excused
excused
excusing
find
finds
fund
fund
finding
lse
lses
lst
lst
lsing
thank
thanks
thanked
thanked
thanking
help
helps
helped
helped
helping
名词
复数
名词
复数
bag
bags
e-mail
e-mails
baseball
baseballs
eraser
erasers
bk
bks
game
games
bx
bxes
library
libraries
card
cards
ntebk
ntebks
classrm
classrms
pencil
pencils
cmputer
cmputers
ring
rings
dictinary
dictinaries
schlbag
schlbags
teacher
teachers
watch
watches
变化规则
规则
例词
一般情况下
+s
Bk cup bttle cmputer
以s,x,sh,ch结尾
+es
Fish church
以结尾
偶数字母数+es, 其他+s
Ptat pht
以辅音字母+y结尾
把y改成i+es
Dictinary
不规则变化
Child—children muse----mice man----men wman----wmen
单复数同形
Sheep----sheep deer---deer Japanese----Japanese Chinese----Chinese
□she shp
□desk tp
□net bar
√Mary schlbag
√friend pht
√rm Mary’s
√cmputer battery
□knife frk
□keybard muse
【词汇练习】
Abut at ask baseball bxes call classrm cmputer dictinaries help library Welcme watches thank teacher’s
【语法练习】
Neighbrs 从谓语dn’t 可以看出her neighbrs主语为复数
Leaders 判断方式有两种，1. leader为可数名词，无任何修饰词时需为复数，2. 后置定语at every level 可表明不止一个leader，所以用复数
Activities activity为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数
Mnths 有数词tw表示多个，所以用复数
Mnths 有数量词sme 修饰，所以用复数
Habits habit为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数
Writers writer 为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数
Cities city 为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数
Activities activity 为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数
Secnds 有a few 修饰，为复数
Classmates 判断方式有两种，1. classmate为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数 2. Classmate为可数名词，r并列形式，为复数
Advantage判断方式有两种1.advantage为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数 2. advantage为可数名词，and并列形式，为复数
Prducts prduct为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数
Bks bk为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数
Plants plant为可数名词，无修饰词时用复数