重难点39 短文填空之首字母填空-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（全国通用）

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专项五 中考题型
重难点39 短文填空之首字母填空
短文首字母填空题型满分技巧
1. 跳过空格，不看选项，快速地阅读全文，从整体上感知全文，掌握大意，了解全篇的内容和要旨。
快速阅读时宁粗勿细，切忌只盯住一个句子仓促解题，这样势必因胸无全局而误入歧途。快速阅读时，还要注意找出关键词，这些词在文中起支撑骨架的功能，抓住了关键词就抓住了故事的线索。特别是要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。
2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。
把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。如短文难度较大，尤其是难于选词时，从本句的前后观察中一时尚不得要领，就要进一步扩大到上下文中分析。
3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。


首字母填空是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用能力。
典例解析
（2022·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，把所缺单词填写在后面的横线上。
Andy was born in China 15 years ago. In 2021, she m___1___ to the USA with her family. As a high school student she has found many differences b___2___  Chinese and Americans.
For example, many American parents think there is no n___3___ to send their children to an expensive school. H___4___ , it’s different in China. Many Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to expensive schools, a___5___ their family isn’t rich enough.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了中国和美国在教育上的差别。
【答案解析】
1．句意：2021年，她和家人搬到了美国。根据“she … to the USA with her family”及首字母可知，搬到了美国，move“搬”，结合时间状语In 2021可知，动词用过去式，故填(m)oved。
2．句意：作为一名高中生，她发现了中美之间的许多差异。根据“ Chinese and Americans”及首字母可知，此处用between…and表示“在……与……之间”，故填(b)etween。
3．句意：例如，许多美国父母认为没有必要把他们的孩子送到昂贵的学校。根据“there is no …to send their children to an expensive school”及首字母可知，此处用there is no need to do sth表示“没有必要做某事”，故填(n)eed。
4．句意：然而，这在中国是不同的。“many American parents think there is no …to send their children to an expensive school”与“Many Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to expensive schools”是转折关系，however“然而”，故填(H)owever。
5．句意：许多中国父母会不惜一切把孩子送到昂贵的学校，尽管他们的家庭并不富裕。“Many Chinese parents would do anything to send their children to expensive schools”与“their family isn’t rich enough”是让步关系，although引导让步状语从句，故填(a)lthough。


（2022·山东东营·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
“Ugh, meat pie again? I h____1____ meat pie!” Matt shouted. “I won’t eat it!”
Matt’s mom and dad looked at each other. Matt’s angry outbursts (爆发) were always happening this month.
“ Matt, we’re going to let you take over (接管) dinnertime from now on,” Mom said.
“Well, we’re going to eat g___2___ food every night!” Matt answered happily.
The next day, Dad helped Matt make the meal plan. “We’re going to have chicken tonight, and spaghetti tomorrow, ” Matt started.
“Woah, wait a minute,” Dad said. “What else are we going to have with the chicken? We need to have at least one v___3___ with each meal.”
“We can have cabbage,” Matt said.
“Sophia does not like cabbage,” said Dad.
“Well, it’s my choice, s___4___ I’m going to cook it,” Matt replied.
“OK, but she might complain (抱怨) at dinner. Are you ready for that? ” Dad asked.
“Yeah, maybe,” Matt answered.
Almost every time Matt picked something out, his dad would tell him that someone wouldn’t like it. It was very frustrating (令人懊恼的).
“This is impossible!” Matt said angrily.
“Yes, it is hard. Everyone has d___5___ tastes, and sometimes, we just can’t please (使满意) everyone.”
“Fine, we’ll go with this plan this week. Next week I’ll try to make everyone happy,” replied Matt.
It was time for Matt to make his f___6___ meal, so his parents both came to help him. He hadn’t cooked before. It took almost an hour to make dinner. He was tired and hungry, but he was so proud of h___7___—he made dinner!
“Ew, this rice tastes strange,” Sophia said. Matt took a bite. It did taste a little strange. But he’d worked so hard! He felt like he might c___8___.
“I don’t like cabbage,” shouted Sophia. Matt realized then how his parents must feel every time he complained about dinner. It was impossible to make sure e___9___ liked every part of every meal!
“I’m sorry, Sophia. I’m sorry, Mom and Dad. I shouldn’t have shouted at you about dinner all the time. I don’t want to take over dinner anymore, I won’t complain,” Matt said.
“Thank you, Matt,” Mom and Dad said. Dad continued, “We’ll take back dinner responsibilities. You can offer some help if you like!” Matt felt a lot better. He happily finished his dinner and n____10____ complained about a meal again.

【短文大意】
本文讲述了每次吃饭时，马特都抱怨饭菜不好吃，而当他亲自做了一次饭后，听着别人的抱怨，想到自己的辛苦付出，他感到特别不是滋味。他也体会到了每次做饭的父母的不易，于是再也不抢着做饭，再也不抱怨了。
【答案解析】
1．句意：我讨厌肉馅饼。根据“I won’t eat it!”可知，猜测指的是“讨厌肉饼”，陈述事实，用一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形hate“讨厌”，故填(h)ate。
2．句意：我们每天晚上都要吃好东西！根据“we’re going to let you take over (接管) dinnertime from now on”可知，自己要接管晚餐时间了，可以做自己喜欢的食物了，即“好吃的食物”，用形容词good作定语，故填(g)ood。
3．句意：每顿饭至少要吃一种蔬菜。根据“We can have cabbage”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“蔬菜”，空前有one修饰，名词应用单数形式，故填(v)egetable。
4．句意：这是我的选择，所以我要做它。根据首字母提示及前后句之间的关系可知，因为是自己选择的，所以要去烹饪，此处应用so连接，故填(s)o。
5．句意：每个人的口味都不一样。根据首字母提示及“and sometimes, we just can’t please (使满意) everyone.”可知，人人都有不同的口味，此处用形容词different修饰其后的名词，故填(d)ifferent。
6．句意：马特该做他的第一顿饭了，所以他的父母都来帮他。根据“He hadn’t cooked before.”及首字母提示可知，这是他第一次做饭，此处应用序数词first表示，故填(f)irst。
7．句意：他又累又饿，但他为自己感到骄傲——他做了晚餐！根据“he made dinner!”及首字母提示可知，他为自己感到自豪，此处用反身代词himself，作为介词of的宾语，故填(h)imself。
8．句意：他觉得自己快要哭出来了。根据“Ew, this rice tastes strange”以及“It did taste a little strange. But he’d worked so hard!”以及“I don’t like cabbage”及首字母提示可知，自己辛苦做的晚饭，家人都不满意，自己觉得很委屈要哭了，情态动词might后接动词原形，故填(c)ry。
9．句意：要确保每个人都喜欢每顿饭的每一部分是不可能的！根据“Ew, this rice tastes strange,” Sophia said. Matt took a bite. It did taste a little strange. But he’d worked so hard! He felt like he might...“I don’t like cabbage,” shouted Sophia.”以及“Matt realized then how his parents must feel every time he complained about dinner.”及首字母提示可知，要保证人人都喜欢每顿饭的任何部分是不可能的，此处应用不定代词everyone/everybody“每个人，人人”作主语，(e)verybody/(e)veryone。
10．句意：他愉快地吃完晚饭，再也没有抱怨过任何一顿饭。根据“I shouldn’t have shouted at you about dinner all the time. I don’t want to take over dinner anymore, I won’t complain”及首字母提示可知，从那之后，马特再也不对每顿饭抱怨了，此处用副词never表示否定，故填(n)ever。
（2022·上海·统考中考真题）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。
Which would you rather spend your money on, an outing with friends or a pair of expensive shoes? It is my opinion that spending money on experiences brings greater happiness.
My first r___11___ is that experiences make us different as we grow. We are not the result of the things we’ve bought. Instead, we are the result of everything we’ve seen and done. For example, getting expensive clothes didn’t c___12___ me as a person, but the camping trip last summer certainly did. It made me more independent.
In addition, I p___13___ experiences because they bring people together. Sharing a new experience develops stronger relationships and creates long-lasting memories. Three years ago I met some teenagers on a study trip and now I am s___14___ in touch with them, but I hardly remember what I bought during the trip.
My final point is that, although some people say it is a great j___15___ to own things, I think using the things you own is more pleasant. For example, I spend most of my spare money on new parts for my old mountain bike, but I love the experience of c___16___, not owning bike parts!
To sum up, experiences make us who we are and develop stronger relationships. So next time before you pay for something, give it some s___17___ thought. Ask yourself, “Which will I spend my money on, an outing or a pair of shoes?”

【短文大意】
本文是一篇议论文，作者谈了自己对于人生经历的看法。
【答案解析】
11．句意：我的第一个原因是，随着我们的成长，经历使我们变得不同。根据下文“In addition, I prefer experiences because … My final point is that …”可知，此处是在阐述作者的第一个理由，结合所给首字母“r”可拼写出名词reason，意为“理由”，符合句意，故填(r)eason。
12．句意：例如，买昂贵的衣服并没有改变我的个性，但去年夏天的露营旅行确实改变了我。根据下文“It made me more independent”提示，去年夏天的露营旅行改变了作者的个性，此处指的是“改变”，结合所给首字母“c”可拼写出动词change，空格前为助动词“didn’t”，故此处change应用动词原形。故填(c)hange。
13．句意：此外，我更喜欢经历，因为它们能把人们聚在一起。根据上文“Which would you rather spend your money on, an outing with friends or a pair of expensive shoes?”可知，作者在文章一开头就拿拥有某个物品与拥有一段经历进行对比，故此处指的是“更喜欢”，结合所给首字母“p”可拼写出动词prefer，根据语境及主语“I”可知，此处prefer应用动词原形。故填(p)refer。
14．句意：三年前，我在一次学习旅行中遇到了一些青少年，现在我仍然与他们保持联系，但我几乎不记得我在旅行中买了什么。根据下文“but I hardly remember what I bought during the trip”可知，此处存在转折关系，故上文指的是仍然与那些青少年保持着联系，结合所给首字母“s”可拼写出副词still，意为“仍然”，符合句意，故填(s)till。
15．句意：我的最后一点理由是，虽然有些人说拥有某些物品是一种极大的快乐，但我认为使用自己拥有的东西更令人愉快。根据下文“I think using the things you own is more pleasant”可知，此处指的是拥有某些物品是一种极大的快乐，结合所给首字母“j”可拼写出名词joy，空格前有“a”，故joy应用单数形式，故填(j)oy。
16．句意：例如，我把大部分余钱花在旧山地自行车的新零件上，但我喜欢的是骑车的体验，而不是拥有自行车零件！根据上文“although some people say it is a great joy to own things, I think using the things you own is more pleasant”可知，此处指的是喜欢的是骑车的体验，结合所给首字母“c”可拼写出名词cycling，意为“骑行自行车”，符合句意，故填(c)ycling。
17．句意：所以，下次你付钱之前，请认真考虑一下。根据下文“Ask yourself, ‘Which will I spend my money on, an outing or a pair of shoes?’”可知，下次你付钱之前，要认真考虑一下，结合所给首字母“s”可拼写出形容词serious，意为“认真的”，符合句意，故填(s)erious。
（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。

I grew up in the countryside. At around 10 years old, I began to learn cooking. The first skill I mastered was making dough（面团）. Since my parents often came home l____18____, a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner. I thought it would be e____19____ because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right? Not quite! It turned out to be a m____20____ for a while. First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f____21____ in love with cooking. It’s a good way to relax. More importantly, thanks to my cooking skill, I live better d____22____ the COVID-19 pandemic. Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout. It s___23___ money and I don’t have to wait for delivery drivers to feed me.
Besides cooking, I did a lot of f____24____ work in my childhood. I got to know how to plant vegetables. T___25___ it was hard work, the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don’t know. For example, the part of a potato that has sprouts（芽）can be planted as a seed. I once discussed this with my friends from the city. They thought it was a p____26____ that they didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives.
Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can’t compare to the j____27____ of learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look at the world.

【短文大意】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在乡下长大的经历让他受益颇深，一方面从小练习的烹饪让他在疫情期间过的更好，也节省了钱。另一方面，小时候做的农活教会了他许多知识，也带给了他许多城市朋友没有机会体验到快乐。
【答案解析】
18．句意：因为我的父母经常回家晚，一个准备好的面团可以帮助我的家人早点吃晚饭。根据“a prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner”可推测出，我的父母回家晚，“晚，迟”结合首字母可知，其英文表达为late，根据“Since my parents often came home”可知，空格处应用副词原级，即late。故填(l)ate。
19．句意：我以为这很容易，因为我经常看到我妈妈做——只是把水和面粉混合，对吗？根据“because I often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right”可知，我认为很简单，根据“it would be”可知，空格处为形容词，故“简单的”easy。故填(e)asy。
20．句意：结果一会儿之后是一团糟。根据“First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard”可知，并不如想象中那么简单，故可推测出，结果是一团糟，由“a”可知，空格处为一个名词，结合首字母m，可推测出为mess“杂乱，混乱局面”。故填(m)ess。
21．句意：后来，我做了炸菜和饺子之类的东西，我爱上了烹饪。根据“It’s a good way to relax”和“in love with”可知，我爱上了烹饪，“爱上”fall in love with，根据“cooked”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故此处应用fall的过去式fell。故填(f)ell。
22．句意：更重要的是，多亏了我的厨艺，我在新冠病毒疫情流行期间生活得更好了。根据“I live better”和“the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，是在新冠病毒疫情期间，我过的更好了，“在……期间”结合所给首字母d可知，其英文表达为during。故填(d)uring。
23．句意：这样既省钱又不用等送货员来给我送食物。根据“I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout”和“money”可知，每顿饭我都自己做而不是叫外卖，故可以省钱，“节约，节省”save，根据“don’t”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，由“It”可知，句子主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用save的三单形式saves。故填(s)aves。
24．句意：除了做饭，我小时候还干过很多农活。结合后文和“I got to know how to plant vegetables”可知，我还干过很多农活。“农活”的英文表达为farm work，故空格处应填farm。故填(f)arm。
25．句意：尽管工作很辛苦，但这段经历教会了我许多朋友至今仍不知道的东西。根据“it was hard work”和“the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don’t know”可知，空格处为一个让步状语从句，此时常用although或though引导，结合所给首字母T，故此处应用Though。故填(T)hough。
26．句意：他们认为这是一个遗憾，他们没有机会在他们的生活中学习这些东西。根据“a”可知，空格处应用一个名词，由“they didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives”可推测出，他们为此而觉得遗憾，“遗憾”pity。故填(p)ity。
27．句意：但它无法与亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐相比。根据“the”和“of”可知，空格处应用一个名词，根据“Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But”可知，空格所在句子想表达“亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐”，“快乐”joy。故填(j)oy
（2022·江苏南通·统考中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
Eat Your Greens!
I have never been a fan of vegetables. But my best friend loves them. “Eat your greens!” he always says. So I decide to learn something more about them.
Plants are a very important part of our diet. Because of the c____28____ their leaves vegetables are often called “greens”. They p____29____ all kinds of nutrition(营养) that are very important for our bodies. For example, vitamin C gives us healthy skin, and calcium(钙) keeps our bones s____30____. Others help to keep our hearts, blood and muscles healthy Eating vegetables does not make us f____31____ because they are low in calories.
It’s said that there are over 80,000 different kinds of plants which can be eaten on Earth. However, 90 percent of the foods we eat c____32____ from just 30 plants. This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the e____33____ to grow.
It is suggested to eat at least five different vegetables every day. It’s a good h____34____ to make vegetables a main part of each meal. However, some people think that vegetables are not so popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are served together with meat, they often c____35____meat instead of vegetables. Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way, making them not d____36____.
In order to help me have a healthy diet, my friend gives me good a____37____ on how to cook tasty vegetables. I am on my way to a healthier lifestyle.

【短文大意】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍绿色蔬菜对人们的好处，建议人们多吃蔬菜。
【答案解析】
28．句意：由于其叶子的颜色，蔬菜常被称为“绿色蔬菜”。根据“Because of the c...leaves vegetables are often called “greens”.”可知，被称为绿色蔬菜是因为叶子的颜色，color/colour“颜色”符合语境，故填(c)olor/(c)olour。
29．句意：它们提供各种对我们的身体非常重要的营养。根据“They p...all kinds of nutrition(营养) that are very important for our bodies.”可知，蔬菜提供各种营养，provide“提供”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(p)rovide。
30．句意：例如，维生素C使我们的皮肤健康，钙使我们的骨骼强壮。根据“calcium(钙) keeps our bones s...”可知，钙使我们的骨骼强壮，strong“强壮的”，作宾语补足语，故填(s)trong。
31．句意：吃蔬菜不会使我们发胖，因为它们热量低。根据“Eating vegetables does not make us f...because they are low in calories.”可知，蔬菜热量低，不会让人发胖，fat“胖的”，作宾语补足语，故填(f)at。
32．句意：然而，我们吃的90%的食物只来自30种植物。根据“90 percent of the foods we eat c...from just 30 plants”可知，很多食物只来自30种植物，come from“来自”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(c)ome。
33．句意：这并不是因为它们最有营养，而是因为它们最容易生长。根据“This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the e...to grow.”可知，这些蔬菜最容易生长，easy“容易的”，此前有the修饰，用形容词最高级，故填(e)asiest。
34．句意：把蔬菜作为每顿饭的主要部分是一个好习惯。根据“It’s a good h...to make vegetables a main part of each meal.”可知，把蔬菜作为每顿饭的主要部分是一个好习惯，habit“习惯”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(h)abit。
35．句意：然而，有些人认为蔬菜不如肉类那么受欢迎，所以当蔬菜和肉一起吃的时候，他们往往会选择肉类而不是蔬菜。根据“However, some people think that vegetables are not so popular compared with meat, so when vegetables are served together with meat, they often c...meat instead of vegetables.”可知，肉比蔬菜受欢迎，所以吃的时候会选肉，choose“选择”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，故填(c)hoose。
36．句意：另一些人认为蔬菜的烹饪方法不熟练，使它们不好吃。根据“Others think vegetables are cooked in an unskillful way, making them not d...”可知，蔬菜有的时候做出来不好吃，delicious“美味的”，作宾语补足语，故填(d)elicious。
37．句意：为了帮助我有一个健康的饮食，我的朋友给我很好的关于如何烹饪美味的蔬菜建议。根据“my friend gives me good a... on how to cook tasty vegetables”可知，给如何烹饪美味的蔬菜建议，advice“建议”，不可数名词，故填(a)dvice。
（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China. But f____38____ people know he once wrote a martial arts novel called Jin Guo Ying Xiong.
Recently, a Sina Weibo user m____39____ this novel written by Zhou more than a century ago. Many young people showed a strong i____40____ in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China. Another user posted the first page of the novel which Zhou wrote at the a____41____ of 16. It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914. However, the novel was never completed, but it can be found a____42____. The Early Works of Zhou Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.
A____43____ many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history. One wrote “The novel was stopped but Premier Zhou went on to s____44____ the Chinese nation out of danger!” Another added, “He gave up a novel, but he wrote a history of m____45____ China.” A 29-year-old computer engineer said, “The pioneers of China are spiritual leaders for me. Remembering them helped me build up the r____46____ values. When I face problems in life, I am always reminded not to f____47____ the lives of those pioneers. The difficulties I face now are nothing compared with what they experienced.”

【短文大意】
本文讲述了周恩来总理曾写过一部小说《金国英雄》，虽然小说没有写完，但是他在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色，创造了一部中国近代史。
【答案解析】
38．句意：但很少有人知道他曾经写过一部武侠小说《金国英雄》。根据“To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China”以及“but”对比可知，此处指的是few“几乎没有”，故填(f)ew。
39．句意：最近，一位新浪微博用户提到了周恩来一个多世纪前写的这部小说。根据“a Sina Weibo user...this novel”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是mention“提到”，是动词，结合上下文可知，此处应用过去式，故填(m)entioned。
40．句意：许多年轻人对它表现出浓厚的兴趣，对中国早期的先驱者表示钦佩。根据“Many young people showed a strong...in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是interest“兴趣”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nterest。
41．句意：另一位用户发布了周恩来16岁时写的小说的第一页。根据“at the...of 16”及首字母提示可知，此处是at the age of“在……岁时”，故填(a)ge。
42．句意：然而，小说从未完成，但却能在其中找到它。根据“ It was published under Zhou’s pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914...the novel was never completed, but it can be found...The Early Works of Zhou Enlai published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“在之前发表的杂志中可以找到”，此处应用among“在……中”，故填(a)mong。
43．句意：尽管许多年轻人对周恩来未能继续创作这部小说表示遗憾，但他们表示，周恩来在中国历史上扮演着更重要的角色。根据“many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history.”及首字母提示可知，此处应用although“虽然”引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthough。
44．句意：有人写道：“小说被叫停了，但周总理继续把中华民族从危险中拯救出来！”根据“The novel was stopped but”及首字母提示可知，此处在说“周总理继续拯救中华民族”，故填(s)ave。
45．句意：另一个补充道：“他放弃了一部小说，但他写了一部中国近代史。”根据“wrote a history of...China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“创造了一部中国近代史”，modern“现代的”，故填(m)odern。
46．句意：记住它们帮助我建立正确的价值观。根据首字母提示及“When I face problems in life, I am always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”可知，此处指的是right/real“正确的/真的”价值观，故填(r)ight/(r)eal。
47．句意：当我面对生活中的问题时，我总是被提醒不要忘记那些开拓者的生活。根据“I am always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“不会忘记……”，forget“忘记”，故填(f)orget。
（2022·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
When people meet strangers, they often have small talks. These talks are a good way for people to s____48____ hello. The talks cover many topics, such as weather, films, sports, TV shows o____49____ the latest news. But we should always keep it in mind that p____50____ subjects about money, age, and weight should be avoided. Besides, it’s better to ask open-ended questions. If you ask, “Do you like our city?” They may say s____51____, “Yes”. If you ask, “What do you think of our city?” They will have more freedom in answering. This type of question also shows that you are interested in them. If you seem interested in w____52____ people are saying, they will feel more comfortable talking with you.

【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了当人们遇到陌生人时，针对不同群体如何进行简短的交谈。
【答案解析】
48．句意：这些谈话是人们打招呼的好方式。根据“These talks are a good way for people to...hello”结合首字母提示可知，此处是指打招呼，say hello符合语境，空前有不定式，动词用原形，故填(s)ay。
49．句意：谈话涉及很多话题，如天气、电影、体育、电视节目或最新的新闻。根据“such as weather, films, sports, TV shows...the latest news.”结合首字母可知，此处是在表示列举，or符合语境，故填(o)r。
50．句意：但是我们应该记住，关于金钱、年龄和体重的私人话题应该避免。根据“money, age, and weight should be avoided”可知金钱、年龄和体重都是隐私，private“私人的”，形容词作定语，故填(p)rivate。
51．句意：他们可能会简单地说：“是的”。分析结构可知空处应用副词修饰动词，结合首字母提示应填simply“仅仅”符合语境，故填(s)imply。
52．句意：如果你对别人说的话感兴趣，他们会觉得和你交谈更舒服。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，连接词在从句中作宾语，what符合，故填(w)hat。
（2022·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺（请在答题卡上写出完整单词）。

It was a beautiful fall day. I was out riding my bicycle. I guessed I rode over a hole in the road. All of a sudden, WHAM(砰)! I fell off my bicycle. My right side really h__53__!
My head hit the ground h__54__. I lay there for a few minutes. I tried to get up, b__55__ I failed! “There must be s__56__ wrong with me,” I thought. I felt so t__57__ that I had to still lie there. Then I saw b__58__ on my shoe. My hand and knee were bleeding.
As I lay there, I took off my helmet. There was a sharp rock sticking out of it. I looked at it in f__59__. Thank goodness I wore my helmet!
I shouted for help. At that time, a truck went by. The driver s__60__ his truck and came to help me. He put my bicycle in the back of his truck and drove me to the hospital.
When my mother got to the hospital, she gave me a big hug(拥抱). “I’m so glad you were wearing your helmet. The helmet saved your life,” she said. She knew I was c__61__ before and did not always wear my helmet. “Mum, it was not the helmet i__62__ that saved my life, but safety awareness did. I’ll ride my bicycle with great care later on!”

【短文大意】
本文讲述了作者在骑车时重重的摔倒，安全意识救了他的命的故事。
【答案解析】
53．句意：我的右侧真的很痛！根据“I fell off my bicycle.”和首字母可知，此处是指受伤了。hurt“受伤”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，hurt的过去式还是hurt。故填(h)urt。
54．句意：我的头重重地撞在地上。根据“I lay there for a few minutes.”和首字母可知，此处是指重重地摔在地下。heavily“重重地”，副词修饰动词。故填(h)eavily。
55．句意：我想站起来，但我失败了！根据“I failed!”可知，句子前后是转折关系，结合首字母可知是连词but“但是”。故填(b)ut。
56．句意：我一定有什么问题。根据“There must be...wrong with me,”可知，作者的脑袋重重地摔在地上且站不起来，结合首字母可知应是something“一些东西”。固定短语there is something wrong with sb.“某人出了……问题”。故填(s)omething。
57．句意：我感到非常糟糕，以至于不得不仍然躺在那里。根据“I had to still lie there.”和首字母可知，作者摔在地上且站不起来，这是很糟糕的。terrible“糟糕的”，形容词。故填(t)errible。
58．句意：然后我看到我的鞋上有血。根据“My hand and knee were bleeding.”可知，此处是看到鞋子上的血。应用名词形式blood“血”，作动词的宾语。故填(b)lood。
59．句意：我害怕地看着它。根据“There was a sharp rock sticking out of it.”和首字母可知，作者很害怕。固定短语in fear“害怕地，恐惧地”。故填(f)ear。
60．句意：司机停下他的卡车来帮助我。根据“came to help me.”和首字母可知，司机是停下了车。stop“停止”，动词；本文主体时态为一般过去时，stop的过去式为stopped。故填(s)topped。
61．句意：她知道我以前粗心，并不总是戴头盔。根据“did not always wear my helmet.”和首字母可知，作者不总戴头盔，应是粗心的。careless“粗心的”，形容词。故填(c)areless。
62．句意：妈妈，救我的不是头盔本身，而是安全意识。根据“safety awareness did.”和首字母可知，此处是指头盔本身。应用“the helmet”对应的反身代词itself“它自己”。故填(i)tself。
（2022·广东广州·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。答卷时，要求写出完整单词。
Dunbuang is a historic city in Gansu. In ancient times, Dunhuang was an important c ___63___ of trade. As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway to the world. Here, different cultures met and influenced each other. People from f ___64___ countries did business and communicated with the local people.
If you v ___65___ Dunhuang, you will be able to see the Mogao Caves（莫高窟）. If you walk i ___66___ , you will discover some of the wonderful artworks. There are over 45,000 square metres of beautiful paintings on the cave walls, as well as thousands of statues.
Over the years, China has made great efforts to protect the Mogao Caves. Today, you can also find high-quality photos of the artworks on the Internet. People all over the world now have a c ___67___ to see Dunhuang’s treasures online.

【短文大意】
本文讲述敦煌在古代是贸易中心，讲述在敦煌可以看到莫高窟和很多艺术作品，讲述现在人们可以在网上看到敦煌的财宝。
【答案解析】
63．句意：在古代，敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。根据“an”可知用单数名词作表语。根据“As the Silk Road developed, Dunhuang became China’s western gateway to the world”及首字母提示，可知，句子讲述敦煌古代是贸易中心，用名词“center”或“centre”。故填(c)entre/(c)enter。
64．句意：外国的人和当地的人经商和交流。名词“countries”前用形容词修饰，根据“different cultures”及首字母提示，可知句子表达外国的人，用形容词“foreign”。故填(f)oreign。
65．句意：如果你参观敦煌，你能看到莫高窟。这是“if”引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句是一般现在时表示将来。根据“you will be able to see the Mogao Caves”及首字母提示，可知句子表达参观敦煌，主语是“you”，动词用“visit”。故填(v)isit。
66．句意：如果你走进去，你会发现一些完美的艺术作品。动词“walk”用副词修饰，根据“discover some of the wonderful artworks”及首字母提示，可知句子表达走进去，用“walk inside”。故填(i)nside。
67．句意：全世界的人现在有机会在网上看到敦煌的财宝。动词“have”后缺宾语，根据“a”可知是单数名词。根据“to see Dunhuang’s treasures online” 及首字母提示，可知句子表达有机会，用“have a chance to do”。故填(c)hance。
（2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给出。
Erie Green has always wondered about things that live in the ocean. When he was y____68____ , he loved to swim. He liked to watch all kinds of underwater animals and plants through his mask (潜水面罩). When he grew up, he wanted to l____69____ for new things in the ocean.
Today, Mr. Green is a marine ecologist (海洋生态学家). He studies how underwater animals and plants connect with each other and need each other to stay a____70____.
Mr. Green studies coral reefs (珊瑚) in the Pacific Ocean. A coral reef is like a big underwater t____71____. Thousands of animals and plants live there. They compete for food and space there. As a result, the beautiful coral reefs get i____72____ easily.
Mr. Green also studies how people’s actions can change coral reefs. Sometimes people pollute the water or overfish, so the w____73____ that all the living things are joined together has been changed. If coral reefs get hurt, many animals have to find new homes. Some animals’ n____74____ drop low, and some animals just disappear. Mr. Green wants to p____75____ this from happening.
Mr. Green believes that all living things in a coral reef should be k____76____ safe. “Underwater ecosystems are like airplanes,” Mr. Green says. “They need all of their parts to work correctly.” “To take better care of marine homes, we first must k____77____ them. Only through that, can we understand the great influence humans have on these places.” Mr. Green says.

【短文大意】
本文主要讲述了海洋生态学家格林先生意识到珊瑚礁所面临的问题以及它们的重要性，呼吁人们要先了解它们并保护它们。
【答案解析】
68．句意：当他年轻的时候，他喜欢游泳。was后接形容词作表语，根据“When he grew up”及首字母可知，年轻的时候喜欢游泳，young“年轻的”符合，故填(y)oung。
69．句意：当他长大后，他想在海洋中寻找新的东西。根据“he wanted to … for new things in the ocean”及首字母可知，此处指在海洋中寻找新东西，look for“寻找”，want to do sth“想要做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填(l)ook。
70．句意：他研究水下的动物和植物是如何相互联系、相互需要以维持生存的。根据“underwater animals and plants connect with each other and need each other to stay”及首字母可知，水下的动植物相互维持生存，alive“活着的”，形容词作表语，故填(a)live。
71．句意：珊瑚礁就像一个巨大的水下小镇。根据“A coral reef is like a big underwater”及首字母可知，把珊瑚礁比喻成一个巨大的小镇，town“城镇”，a修饰名词的单数形式，故填(t)own。
72．句意：因此，美丽的珊瑚礁很容易受伤。根据“They compete for food and space there”可知，因为食物和生存的空间相互竞争，导致珊瑚礁受伤，get injured“受伤”，故填(i)njured。
73．句意：有时人们污染水或过度捕捞，所以所有生物的连接方式已经改变。根据“the …that all the living things are joined together has been changed”及首字母可知，连接方式改变了，way“方式”。根据has可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(w)ay。
74．句意：有些动物的数量下降了，有些动物就消失了。根据“Some animals’ … drop low, some animals just disappear”可知，有些数量少了，有些消失了，number“数量”，句子是一般现在时，drop是动词原形，故此空应填名词复数形式，故填(n)umbers。
75．句意：格林先生想阻止这种事情发生。根据“Mr. Green wants to … this from happening”及首字母可知，想阻止这一切发生，prevent…from doing sth“阻止某事发生”，want to do sth“想要做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填(p)revent。
76．句意：格林先生认为珊瑚礁里的所有生物都应该保护好。根据“They need all of their parts to work correctly”可知，珊瑚礁里的每一部分都需要正常工作，所以它们应该被保护起来，keep“保持”，be与过去分词构成被动语态结构，故填(k)ept。
77．句意：要更好地照顾海洋家园，我们首先必须了解它们。根据“we first must…them”及“can we understand the great influence humans have on these places”可知，只有先了解珊瑚礁，才能理解人类对这些地方的巨大影响，know“了解”，情态动词must后接动词原形，故填(k)now。
（2022·天津·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
In the small villages of Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, most kids want to read books. But no roads go to their homes, only miles and miles of sand. Cars and trucks are not useful, s____78____ library books arrive on the backs of camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the books. Two camels, a camel driver, and a librarian (图书管理员) w____79____ to the villages together. One camel carries about 180 kilos of books, and the other carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shows the b____80____ to the kids inside. Two weeks later, the camels c____81____ back with new books.
Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand (泰国) get books in a d____82____ way. Their “l____83____” are carried by elephants. These animals can handle the difficult journey. Because they are large, they can carry many books in metal cases (金属箱). The metal protects the books from the heavy rains that f____84____ in the area.
Indonesia (印度尼西亚) has its own difficulties. The country has over 17,000 islands. Most people t____85____ by boat and they also carry their books by boat. A library boat holds(容纳) about 500 books in boxes. Boxes of books are left in villages and are traded (交换) for new books a few weeks l____86____.
For people who live far and can’t get to a library, a library that comes to them brings more than books. It brings a whole w_____87_____ of information.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了一些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。
【答案解析】
78．句意：汽车和卡车没有用处，所以图书馆的书是骑在骆驼背上的。根据“Cars and trucks are not useful...library books arrive on the backs of camels”以及首字母可知前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so引导。故填(s)o。
79．句意：两只骆驼、一个骆驼司机和一个图书管理员一起步行到村庄。根据“Two camels, a camel driver, and a librarian”以及首字母并结合上文可知汽车和卡车没有用，所以他们是步行，walk“步行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)alk。
80．句意：在每个村庄，图书管理员都会搭起帐篷，向里面的孩子们展示书籍。根据“the librarian sets up the tent and shows the...to the kids inside”以及首字母可知图书管理员给孩子展示书籍，表泛指用名词复数books“书”。故填(b)ooks。
81．句意：两周后，骆驼带着新书回来了。根据“back with new books”以及首字母可知是带着新书回来，come back“回来”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(c)ome。
82．句意：泰国北部山区的一些人以不同的方式获取书籍。根据“Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand(泰国) get books in”以及首字母并结合下文可知泰国人获取书籍的方式也不同，修饰名词用形容词different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。
83．句意：他们的“图书馆”由大象携带。根据“are carried by elephants”以及首字母可知此处指图书馆，library“图书馆”，根据are可知主语用名词复数。故填(l)ibraries。
84．句意：金属保护书籍免受该地区的大雨影响。根据“The metal protects the books from the heavy rains”以及首字母可知是下雨，fall“落下”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(f)all。
85．句意：大多数人乘船旅行，他们也乘船携带书籍。根据“by boat and they also carry their books by boat.”以及首字母可知是乘船旅行，travel“旅行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(t)ravel。
86．句意：成箱的书留在村子里，几周后被换成新书。根据“Boxes of books are left in villages and are traded(交换) for new books a few weeks”以及首字母可知是几周后换新书，later“之后”。故填(l)ater。
87．句意：它带来了很多信息。根据“It brings a whole...of information”以及首字母可知是很多信息，a world of“很多”。故填(w)orld。
（2022·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）

The Grand Canal（大运河）is a man-made waterway that runs north and south in eastern China. Dating back 2,500 years and stretching 1,794 kilometers, it is among the world’s oldest and l___88___ canals. Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is located on the bank of the ancient Grand Canal in Yangzhou, one of the eight c___89___ in Jiangsu province sitting along the Grand Canal.
The museum o___90___ its doors to the public on June 16,2021. It covers an area of some 80,000 square meters. It has two structures: a four-story building in the s___91___ of a giant ship waiting to set sail, and a 100-meter-tall Tang-Dynasty-style tower.
The museum has 11 themed exhibitions（展览）. They are telling the h___92___ of the Sui-Tang Grand Canal built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties（581-907）, the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the East Zhejiang Canal. These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions w___93___ they continue to be used for transport, irrigation（灌溉）and flood control. The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c___94___ by many as the “treasure of the museum”.
So far, the museum has over 10,000 exhibits（展品）, including 20 groups of large ones, making it the best collection to show the grandness of the canal and h___95___ people changed nature.
Passing t___96___ the exhibition hall and into the antiquated（老式的）streets, visitors can see restaurants and shops along the street, as if walking in the water village on the canal during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m____97____ which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself?

【短文大意】
本文讲述扬州中国运河博物馆的修建，结构和它的独特之处。
【答案解析】
88．句意：2500年之前建造，延伸1794千米的大运河跻身世界最古老和最长的运河。根据“oldest and”可知，用形容词最高级形成并列。根据首字母提示，可知表达最长的，用最高级“longest”。故填(l)ongest。
89．句意：扬州中国运河博物馆位于扬州古代大运河的岸边，扬州是江苏省沿着大运河的八大城市之一。句子用“one of 复数名词”的结构，表达“最……之一”。根据“Yangzhou”，“in Jiangsu province”及首字母提示，可知表达城市，用复数名词“cities”。故填(c)ities。
90．句意：博物馆在2021年6月16日向大众开放。句子缺谓语动词，根据“June 16,2021”可知是一般过去时，动词用过去式。根据“its doors to the public”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达打开大门，用过去式“opened”。故填(o)pened。
91．句意：它有两部分结构，像一艘等着航行的大船的四层的建筑，和一座100米高的唐代的塔。根据“of a giant ship waiting to set sail”及首字母提示，可知，句子表达建筑的形状，用“in the shape of”。故填(s)hape。
92．句意：它们讲述了隋朝和唐朝建造的隋唐大运河，北京到杭州的大运河和东部浙江运河的历史。定冠词“the”后用名词。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions”可知，句子表达讲述了运河的历史北京，根据首字母提示可知用名词“history”。故填(h)istory。
93．句意：这些运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点，同时它们继续被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。根据“These canals offer a wealth of historic and cultural attractions...they continue to be used for transport, irrigation and flood control.”可知，前后句的动作是同时发生的，运河提供了丰富的历史和文化景点的同时，运河也被用于运输、灌溉和防洪。用连词while表示“与……同时”。故填(w)hile。
94．句意：长25.7米，高8米的古汴河段被许多人认为是“博物馆的瑰宝”。句子缺谓语动词，根据“by”可知是被动结构，根据首字母提示可知句子用“be considered as”表达“被看作是……”。故填(c)onsidered。
95．句意：到目前为止，博物馆包含了一万种展品，包括二十组大型的展品，使得它成为最好的收藏品，展示了大运河的宏大和人们怎样改变大自然。根据“people changed nature”可知后面是宾语从句，根据首字母提示，可知句子表达“怎样人们改变大自然”，用疑问词“how”引导从句。故填(h)ow。
96．句意：穿过展览馆，进入老式的街道，游客可以看到街道两边的餐馆和商店，好像走在明清时期运河上的水村里。根据“Passing”及“the exhibition hall”可知，句子表达从展览馆内部穿过，用短语“pass through”。故填(t)hrough。
97．句意：扬州大运河博物馆以中国的大运河为主题，和所有其他的博物馆是不同的。根据“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum”及“which are themed on the Grand Canal”可知，此处是指其它博物馆，且需用复数形式“museums”。故填(m)useums。
（2022·江苏连云港·统考中考真题）根据短文意思和首字母提示，写出一个完整正确的单词。

Erhu is one of the most important Chinese instruments. It has a history of o____98____ 1,000 years. It is said that Erhu did not get its name u____99____ the late Qing Dynasty. It has been improved gradually since it appeared. It is also c____100____ the Chinese violin because its tone is as soft and bright as the violin’s. There are many w____101____ pieces of music played by Erhu, such as The Moon Reflected on the Er-quan Spring. You can go and e____102____ the charm of them. I hope you’ll love them.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了二胡的发展历史。
【答案解析】
98．句意：它有一千多年的历史。根据“ It has a history of … 1,000 years”可知，此处指1000多年的历史，over“超过”，故填(o)ver。
99．句意：据说二胡直到清末才得名。 根据“It is said that Erhu did not get its name … the late Qing Dynasty.”可知，此处用not…until表示“直到……才”，故填(u)ntil。
100．句意：它也被称为中国小提琴，因为它的音调和小提琴一样柔和明亮。根据“It is also c… the Chinese violin”及首字母可知，二胡也被称为中国小提琴，call“称呼”，主语it与动词call之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态be done的结构，空格前已有is，故此空填过去分词，故填(c)alled。
101．句意：用二胡演奏了许多美妙/著名的乐曲。根据“pieces of music”及首字母可知，此处指美妙的或者是著名的乐曲，wonderful“美妙的”，world-famous“著名的”，故填(w)onderful/(w)orld-famous。
102．句意：你可以去欣赏/体验它们的魅力。此空与go构成并列关系，故此空也应填入一个动词原形，根据“the charm of them”及首字母可知，欣赏它们的魅力，enjoy“欣赏”，experience“体验”，故填(e)njoy/(e)xperience。
（2022·江苏南京·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在相应位置上。

Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their h___103___ was to perform one act of random (任意的) kindness. His students did not understand the assignment (任务), but the professor would not answer their questions. He e___104___ his students to find it out for themselves.
One week later, the students entered the classroom, excited to s___105___ their stories. One student told of distributing blankets to the homeless, another had contacted a long, lost friend, and another student r___106___ that he had helped a dog to find its owner. Students were energized (激励) by the homework assignment and wanted other people to be kind too. W___107___ the support of local businesses, the students made stickers to put on cars that invited people to do something k___108___ for others. They sold the stickers and decided to donate the money to a center for the blind—not surprising as Professor Wall is blind.
Since then, s___109___ kindness activities have been organized in schools all over the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, a___110___ November 13, to celebrate World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform d___111___ kind acts, such as making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service, or raising money for a charity. Students learn to c____112____ other people and think about how small actions can make the world a better place.

【短文大意】
本文主要介绍了由一个老师布置的家庭作业而引起的一项全国性的慈善活动。
【答案解析】
103．句意：有一天，他走进教室，告诉学生们他们的作业是做一个随意的善举。根据“was to perform one act of random (任意的) kindness”以及首字母可知这是学生们的作业，homework“作业”，不可数名词。故填(h)omework。
104．句意：他鼓励他的学生自己去发现。根据“his students to find it out for themselves”以及首字母可知老师没有回答学生的问题，只是鼓励学生自己去发现，encourage“发现”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(e)ncouraged。
105．句意：一周后，学生们走进教室，兴奋地分享他们的故事。根据“their stories”可知是分享他们的故事，share“分享”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(s)hare。
106．句意：另一名学生报告说，他帮助一只狗找到了主人。根据“that he had helped a dog to find its owner”以及首字母可知这是学生报告的他做的好事，report“报告”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(r)eported。
107．句意：在当地企业的支持下，学生们制作贴纸，贴在汽车上，邀请人们为他人做些好事。根据“the support of local businesses”以及首字母可知是在当地企业的支持下，with the support of“在……的支持下”。故填(W)ith。
108．句意：在当地企业的支持下，学生们制作贴纸，贴在汽车上，邀请人们为他人做些好事。根据“do something...for others”以及首字母可知是做一些好事，kind“友善的”。故填(k)ind。
109．句意：此后，世界各地的学校都组织了类似的慈善活动。根据“kindness activities have been organized in schools all over the world”以及首字母可知是相似的活动，similar“相似的”。故填(s)imilar。
110．句意：许多学校在11月13日左右组织了一个随机慈善行为周，以庆祝世界慈善日。根据“November 13”以及首字母可知是11月13号左右，around“大约”。故填(a)round。
111．句意：一些学校利用“随机慈善行为周”的每一天进行不同的慈善行为。根据“kind acts”以及首字母可知是不同的慈善行为，different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。
112．句意：学生们学会为他人着想，思考小小的行动如何让世界变得更美好。根据“other people”以及首字母可知，做好事能让学生学会为他人考虑，consider“考虑”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(c)onsider。