2022-2023学年河南省南阳市第一中学高二（下）3月月考英语试题含解析

  南阳一中2023年春期高二年级第一次月考

英语试题

第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

What will the man do on Friday?

A. Give a lecture. B. Attend a lecture. C. Work on his novel.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W: Friday’s lecture is supposed to be wonderful. Do you want to go?

M: I’d like to, but I’ve got to write my novel.

2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Why has the man bought the coats?

A. It’ll be a cold winter. B. He’ll have an interview. C. His arm and leg hurt.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W: The forecast says we’ll have a severe winter. Are you prepared?

M: Yes. I’ve bought two very warm coats. They cost me an arm and a leg.

3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

How does the man advise the woman to travel?

A. By car. B. By underground. C. By plane.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W: My car has broken down. Could you give me a ride to the art museum?

M: Henry is using my car now. Why not take the subway?

4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Who is in charge of the Europe department?

A. Mr Brown. B. The man. C. The woman.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M: What are you reading?

W: The year-end report.

M: The report says all departments are making a profit except the Europe department.

W: Well, Mr Brown seems to be the wrong person to head that department.

5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Where are the speakers most probably?

A. At the visitors’ center. B. In a school. C. On the school bus.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W: Let’s go and show the students around the campus.

M: Why?

W: What do you mean?

M: Doesn’t the visitors’ center offer a wonderful bus tour?

第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6. What does the woman think of traveling by plane?

A. It’s inconvenient. B. It’s too expensive. C. It saves money.

7. How are the speakers going to New York?

A. By air. B. By water. C. By land.

【答案】6. B    7. C

【解析】

【原文】W: Honey, how are we going to New York? Have you decided yet?

M: Not yet. Should we fly? It can save us a lot of time.

W: But it’s too costly. What about renting a car?

M: You don’t know how to drive. I’ll get too tired if I drive all the time.

W: Then let’s take the train. We won’ miss the beautiful scenery on the way.

M: It sounds like a good idea.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8. Who are the intended readers for the woman’s book?

A Adolescents. B. Adults. C. The elderly.

9. What’s the man doing?

A. Preparing for an exam.

B. Getting ready for a trip.

C. Planning for an exhibition.

【答案】8. A    9. B

【解析】

【原文】M: Lisa, long time no see. What have you been busy with?

W: Well, my publisher wanted me to write a book for teenagers. I must finish it within three months. So I spend most of my time on it now.

M: Well, have you finished it?

W: Not yet. There is still one month left. And I’ve finished about three fourths of it. So I’m sure I can finish it before due time.

M: Great.

W: So are you busy with anything recently?

M: Not exactly. Actually I’m planning for a trip to New Zealand. But I can’t find anyone to go with me.

W: It’s a pity. I can’t go with you now.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10. Why was the woman late?

A. She went to Mary’s.

B. She had her phone fixed.

C. Her car broke clown.

11. What did Mary do?

A. She got stuck.

B. She tried to help others.

C. She made up a story.

12. What did Mary see on the road?

A. A person. B. An accident. C. An animal.

【答案】10. A    11. B    12. C

【解析】

【原文】M: There you are. I’m getting worried.

W: Why didn’t you just call me?

M: I tried, but I couldn’t get through.

W: Oh, it’s powered off. Sorry, Dad. I ran into Mary and I went to hers and talked with her for a while there. She told me a story.

M: What did she tell you?

W: Well, she was driving home tonight, and she suddenly saw someone on his hands and knees in the middle of the road. She stopped the car and wanted to ask if there was anything she could do. But do you know what happened?

M: What happened?

W: The person suddenly jumped away and disappeared.

M: Wow. That person was really awesome. Did he know Chinese kung fu?

W: Well, Mary later realized it wasn’t a person. It was a deer. She couldn’t help laughing after she realized that.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13. Who told the woman something about the man?

A. Her classmate. B. Her neighbor. C. Her friend.

14. What’s the woman like?

A. Friendly. B. Shy. C. Humorous.

15. What’s the most probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Friends. B. Colleagues. C. Strangers.

16. When did the woman move?

A. About two months ago. B. About two years ago. C. About two days ago.

【答案】13. C    14. A    15. C    16. A

【解析】

【原文】W: Hi, I’m Lily. You’re Owen, right?

M: Yes

W: I heard something about you from my new friend Fanny 3 days ago. She said you’re handsome and have a good sense of humor.

M: Really? I’m really shy and a little nervous when I’m talking to a stranger.

W: So are you nervous now?

M: Yes, a little bit. I haven’t seen you before. Do you live here?

W: Yes. But I moved here just about two months ago. So I don’t really know many people here.

M: I’m sure you’ll make many friends here soon. You’re friendly, outgoing and beautiful.

W: Thanks.

M: By the way, have you heard about the robbery that took place last night?

W: No. Who got robbed?

M: The Smiths. Luckily! they didn’t lose an: valuable things but 500 dollars in cash. Anyway, such things hardly happen here. So don’t worry.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17. What courses does the school mainly offer?

A. Science. B. English. C. Business.

18. Who are the target students of the school?

A. Teenagers. B. Young kids. C. Adults.

19. Where will die exhibition be held?

A. In the school hall.

B. In the English garden.

C. In No.1 Teaching Building.

20. How can you contact the school?

A. By making a call.

B. By sending an email.

C. By writing a letter.

【答案】17. B    18. C    19. C    20. A

【解析】

【原文】Welcome to Central School of English. Thank you for choosing our school and joining the happy Central School of English family which has been helping people improve their English since 1968. We offer a wide range of quality English courses in London to adults, including Everyday English! English for Business, Examination Preparation and English for Specific Purposes. We are so happy that you have taken time off to be with us today. It is with great pleasure that we have prepared some events that we hope will please you.

At 10:00 am, our headmaster will give a welcome speech. This will be in the school hall. Please be seated by 9:45 am. The speech will last for about half an hour. Following the speech is the guided tour of the exhibition at 10:45 am. Here you can see our achievements in the field of English teaching. The exhibition takes place in the classrooms on the ground floor of No. 1 Teaching Building. After the exhibition, you’ll be taken to the English garden. This is where people gather and practice their oral English. You can meet people from different countries there. Lunch will be served at 12:30 pm. We are so happy that you could be with us today. Please contact us if you have any questions or are interested in any of our classes. You can call 0044-207 580 2863.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项

A

Cruising (乘船游览) the Rhine; a family trip

Create family memories during our popular Rhine River cruise!

Days 1& 2 — Leave for Zurich, Switzerland

Depart from the US on a flight to Zurich and transfer to Basel to get on MS Amadeus Queens, where each adult and child will receive a special Welcome Package with general information about the cruise. The travel director will be on board to offer suggestions on independent activities. Then the ship will depart from Basel for Strasbourg and the passengers will gather for a welcome party and dinner on the ship.

Day 3 — Strasbourg

Choice 1— Strasbourg Panoramic Tour

This tour shows the most important city of France’s Alsace Region and the capital of the European Union. After the tour, you can enjoy a guided walk through Strasbourg’s historic center and visit Notre Dame Cathedral.

Choice 2 — Culinary Strasbourg

It offers insight into the city’s culinary heritage. Strasbourg is famous for its cooking throughout France. In “Winstubs”, small wine bars, typical of Strasbourg, traditional dishes can be enjoyed.

Day 4 — Speyer/Heidelberg

Choice 1—Technic Museum in Speyer

Explore inside an original huge plane and study the inner workings of a sea rescue boat. You’ll find the largest space flight exhibition in Europe, showing the Russian spacecraft Buran, a real moonstone, spacesuits as well as classic cars, fire trucks, motorcycles, and other exhibits.

Choice 2 — Heidelberg Castle and Town

Explore historic Heidelberg and visit the red-walled castle. See beautiful views of the Neckar Valley and the city below.

Choice 3 — Hike Heidelberg’s Philosopher’s Way

Hike the famous “Philosopher’s Way” for impressive views of Heidelberg Castle and the old town. Take a rest in Philosopher’s Garden while enjoying the view along with snacks and drinks.

21. What does the Welcome Package provide?

A. Tips on independent activities.

B. A guide to MS Amadeus Queens.

C. The introduction to the river cruise.

D. Information about the welcome party.

22. Which route may a food lover enjoy most?

A. Culinary Strasbourg. B. Strasbourg Panoramic Tour.

C. Technic Museum in Speyer. D. Heidelberg Castle and Town.

23. What can tourists do during the tour of Speyer?

A. Travel in classic motor vehicles. B. Get some knowledge of space.

C. Go hiking on a well-known path. D. Explore the historic castle and town.

【答案】21. C    22. A    23. B

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇广告类的应用文。介绍了家庭为单位的乘船游览莱茵河的行程安排。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据Days 1& 2 — Leave for Zurich, Switzerland的第一句“Depart from the US on a flight to Zurich and transfer to Basel to get on MS Amadeus Queens, where each adult and child will receive a special Welcome Package with general information about the cruise. The travel director will be on board to offer suggestions on independent activities. (从美国飞往苏黎世，转乘巴塞尔的MS Amadeus Queens，每个大人和孩子都将收到一个特别的欢迎礼包，上面有邮轮的基本信息。)”可知，这个欢迎环节在MS Amadeus Queens这条船上，欢迎礼包里边有邮轮的基本信息。故选C项。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据Day 3之Choice 2 — Culinary Strasbourg的“It offers insight into the city’s culinary heritage. Strasbourg is famous for its cooking throughout France. In ‘Winstubs’, small wine bars, typical of Strasbourg, traditional dishes can be enjoyed. (它能让你深入了解这座城市的烹饪传统。斯特拉斯堡以烹饪闻名于全法国。在典型的斯特拉斯堡小酒吧Winstubs，可以品尝到传统菜肴。)”可知，美食爱好者最喜欢的线路应该是Culinary Strasbourg。故选A项。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据Day 4 — Speyer/Heidelberg之Choice 1—Technic Museum in Speyer的“Explore inside an original huge plane and study the inner workings of a sea rescue boat. You’ll find the largest space flight exhibition in Europe, showing the Russian spacecraft Buran, a real moonstone, spacesuits as well as classic cars, fire trucks, motorcycles, and other exhibits. (探索原始的巨大飞机内部，研究海上救援船的内部工作原理。你会发现欧洲最大的太空飞行展览，展示俄罗斯的‘布兰’号宇宙飞船、真正的月光石、宇航服以及经典汽车、消防车、摩托车等展品)”可知，在这个环节，游客可以了解一些太空知识。故选B项。

B

Most kids can walk into a library or bookstore and find hundreds of books to read. But it’s not that simple for kids who are blind. They read in a different way. Jenny Lee and other braille (盲文) transcribers take the printed words of a book and change them into a code of raised dots. Blind people can read these dots with their fingers. To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.

When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily. She took a class and practised hard for about six months before she passed the final exam: she had to convert 35 pages of a book into braille. Today, Lee works for a publisher. One of her jobs is to change children’s books into braille.

To do this, Lee first types the story into a computer and then uses a computer program to translate it into the braille code. Next, she looks over the translation several times to make sure it’s mistake-free. After that, a copy of the braille story is printed with a special printer. Then Lee and a proofreader work together to find and correct any mistakes. When a book is ready, many copies of it are printed. Afterwards, some are sold through websites and others are sent to libraries.

Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. That’s when Lee takes a break. Several of Jenny Lee’s co-workers, who are blind, use guide dogs. When the animals aren’t working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them. To her, playing with dogs “is always a pick-me-up in the middle of the day”.

“I love this mission,” Lee says. “Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.”

24. How does the writer explain what braille feels like?

A. By explaining what braille words look like.

B. By describing how blind people read books.

C. By asking readers to experience it themselves.

D. By giving examples of different braille words.

25. What was Lee’s first reaction to braille?

A. She was excited to get a new skill.

B. She was amazed at the clever idea.

C. She realized she could teach it herself.

D. She believed it would be difficult to learn.

26. What does the underlined word “pick-me-up” in paragraph 4 most probably mean?

A. A discussion to release work stress.

B. Something to improve one’s appetite.

C. Something to help restore one’s spirit.

D. A free ride accompanied with a guide dog.

27. What does Lee think of her job?

A. Profitable and hopeful. B. Tiring but meaningful.

C. Relaxing and helpful. D. Boring but challenging.

【答案】24. C    25. D    26. C    27. B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Jenny Lee和其他盲文转录员成功使用电脑程序将故事文字转换为盲文的经历。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“To know what braille feels like, take a ballpoint pen and press hard onto a piece of paper. Now turn the paper over and touch the raised dot made by the pen point.”要了解盲文的感觉，请拿一支圆珠笔并用力压在一张纸上。现在，将纸张翻转过来，然后触摸笔尖产生的凸起点。可知作者通过让读者亲身感受的方式解释盲文是什么。故选C项。

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中“When Lee first saw the dots of the braille alphabet, she wondered if she’d ever be able to read and write them easily.”当Lee第一次看到盲文字母的点时，她想知道自己是否能够轻松阅读和书写它们。可知意在表明Lee对盲文的第一反应是觉得很难学会。故选D项。

【26题详解】

词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. That’s when Lee takes a break.”有时，一次又一次地重复一个故事会很累。 Lee会休息一下。以及“When the animals aren’t working, Lee likes spending a few minutes with them.”当动物不工作时，Lee喜欢和他们玩几分钟。可推知，对她来说，和狗一起玩一直是中午时段能令人放松的时刻。C项“Something            to help restore one’s spirit.”意为可以帮助恢复精力的东西。切合语境。故选C项。

【27题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Sometimes, going over a story again and again gets tiring. ”有时，一次又一次地重复一个故事会很累。 以及最后一段中“Through my brain power and my fingers, I am putting the dots into some kid’s hands.”通过我的脑力和手指，我将盲文的圆点送到了一些孩子的手中。意在表明作者认为她的工作是累人但有意义的。故选B项。

【点睛】

C

We can recognize our friends’ face. Many social animals can also identify individuals of their own species by their facial features. That’s important, because they need to be able to adjust their behavior depending on who they meet. And research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated(驯养的) animals can even distinguish among different faces by looking at photographs alone.

Scientists have also wondered whether domesticated animals that have coexisted with people for thousands of years can recognize different human faces. Léa Lansade of France’s National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment is one of them. Her experiment on horses provides insight into this.

She and her team first taught the horses how to “choose” between two side-by-side images by touching their noses to a computer screen. The horses were then shown photos of their present keeper alongside face of unfamiliar humans. They had never seen photos of any of the people before. The horses correctly identified their present keeper and ignored the stranger’s face about 75% of the time, significantly better than chance.

What’s more, the horses also preferentially picked photos of their previous keeper—a person they hadn’t seen in six months. In fact, even though the horses didn’t get it right every single time, they were at least as accurate in picking out their previous keeper as they were in identifying their present one. The results suggest that not only can horses distinguish between familiar and unfamiliar human faces, but they know that photographs are two-dimensional representations of real life, without any other cues(提示) like sound. And they’re even better at this than our oldest animal companion, the domestic dog.

So maybe think twice before doing anything at a stable(马厩) that might give a horse a long face. After all, the horse could probably “remember” you.

28. What does the author say about man’s ability to recognize friends’ faces?

A. It’s not unique to man.

B. It’s an inborn ability.

C. It’s man’s most vital ability.

D. It’s superior to that of animals.

29. Why did Léa Lansade and her team do the experiment?

A. To teach horses to recognize human faces.

B. To study horses’ ability to identify human faces.

C. To make horses distinguish between their keepers.

D. To figure out similarities between man and horses.

30. How does the author sound in writing the last paragraph?

A. Academic. B. Dramatic. C. Cautious. D. Humorous.

31. What is the best title for the text?

A. Human Faces Are Familiar to Horses

B. Horses Read Man’s Facial Expressions

C. Horses Recognize Keepers’ Pictures

D. Man’s Sound Helps Horses Select Photos

【答案】28. A    29. B    30. D    31. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究表明，驯养的马通过看照片就可以区分不同的人。

【28题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“We can recognize our friends’ face. Many social animals can also identify individuals of their own species by their facial features.(我们可以认出朋友的脸。许多群居动物还可以通过面部特征来识别同类)”可推断，识别面孔的能力，这不是人类独有的能力。故选A。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Scientists have also wondered whether domesticated animals that have coexisted with people for thousands of years can recognize different human faces. Léa Lansade of France’s National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment is one of them. Her experiment on horses provides insight into this.(科学家们还想知道，与人类共存了数千年的家养动物是否能识别不同的人脸。法国国家农业、食品和环境研究所的Léa Lansade就是其中之一。她在马身上的实验提供了深入的见解)”并结合第三段实验的内容可知，Léa Lansade和她的团队做实验是为了研究马识别人脸的能力。故选B。

【30题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“So maybe think twice before doing anything at a stable(马厩) that might give a horse a long face. After all, the horse could probably “remember” you.(所以，在马厩里做任何可能让马拉长脸的事情之前，也许要三思。毕竟，马可能会“记得”你)”可推断，作者在最后一段使用了比较幽默的口吻来行文。故选D。

【31题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“And research has shown that some species of monkeys, birds, and domesticated(驯养的) animals can even distinguish among different faces by looking at photographs alone.(研究表明，一些种类的猴子、鸟类和家养动物甚至可以仅通过看照片来区分不同的面孔)”、 最后一段“So maybe think twice before doing anything at a stable(马厩) that might give a horse a long face. After all, the horse could probably “remember” you.(所以，在马厩里做任何可能让马拉长脸的事情之前，也许要三思。毕竟，马可能会“记得”你)”及全文可知，文章主要讲的是研究发现驯养的马通过看照片就可以认出自己的饲养者。所以“Horses Recognize Keepers’ Pictures(马能认出饲养员的照片)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。

D

A NASA-funded study used satellite to search for penguin poops (粪便) in Antarctica: funny at first sight though, it resulted in unique insights on the Adelie penguin’s diet and its future as the climate changes. The findings published recently unlocked the secrets about the species that can provide an early-warning of threats to Antarctica’s delicate ecosystem.

Researchers from Stony Brook University used satellite images to see if the Adelie penguin’s diet has been changing in response to Antarctica’s changing climate. Adelie penguin population has dropped greatly in some areas even as the global population increases. The satellite images cannot show the penguins individually, but their presence can be detected by the stain (污渍) left on the ice by their waste, called guano.

Male and female penguins take turns incubating (孵化) in the nest. The guano builds up in the same areas occupied by the nests. Heather Lynch, associate professor at Stony Brook, along with his team, used the area of the colony as defined by the guano stain to work back to the number of pairs. A global survey for Adelie penguins turned up 3.8 million breeding pairs. Also, the satellite data can detect the color of the penguin guano, ranging from white to pink to dark red. White guano is from eating mostly fish; pink and red would be from eating mostly krill (磷虾). The team found that while the Adelie penguin’s diet did show changes from year to year, no consistent pattern was obvious.

“This was a big surprise, since the abundance and distribution of Adelie penguins has changed dramatically over the last 40 years and scientists had assumed that a change in diet might have played a role,” said Casey Young flesh, a graduate student from the university. However, continued changes in the physical environment and a growing krill fishery in the region are likely to have an influence on penguin prey (猎物) and penguin population itself. “Tools like this will be important for the management of the Antarctic ecosystem, which is often considered among the most primitive areas in the world,” said Young flesh.

32. What concerned scientists most according to paragraph 1?

A. The climate change. B. The Adelie penguin’s diet.

C. The Antarctica’s ecosystem. D. The secret of penguin poops.

33 How did scientists carry out the study?

A. By doing experiments. B. By conducting surveys.

C. By making observations. D. By collecting documents.

34. Which of the following would Lynch agree with?

A. The Adelie penguin population was 3.8 million worldwide.

B. Guano colors reflected the health condition of the penguin.

C. The Adelie penguin’s diet stayed the same most of the time.

D. Adelie penguin waste helped estimate the penguin population.

35. What did Young flesh’s words suggest?

A More Adelie penguins have appeared over the last 40 years.

B. There was not an obvious changing pattern of penguin’s diet.

C. Diet changes didn’t actually affect penguin population as assumed.

D. Fishery was important for the management of the Antarctic ecosystem.

【答案】32. C    33. C    34. D    35. C

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家对南极企鹅物种生态的研究，展现了近年来物种数量、饮食结构等各方面的变化。

【32题详解】

细节理解题。根据原文第一段“The findings published recently unlocked the secrets about the species that can provide an early-warning of threats to Antarctica’s delicate ecosystem.”这些近期发表的研究成果解锁了企鹅物种的秘密，提供了南极洲脆弱生态系统风险信息的早期预警。“an early-warning of threats to”与题干中的“concerned scientists most”呼应，科学家研究随着气候变化而导致的企鹅饮食结构的改变，但最关心、最要紧的是这背后所预警的南极生态系统风险，故选C。

【33题详解】

细节理解题。根据原文第二段“Researchers from Stony Brook University used satellite images to see…The satellite images cannot show the penguins individually, but their presence can be detected by the stain left on the ice by their waste, called guano.”并结合全文内容，与主题相关的这些研究，科学家们都是通过卫星图像（satellite images）进行的，观察、分析、解读图像并得出结论或推测，因此他们使用的是观察法（观察卫星图像）。注意排除干扰项B，文中虽出现了“A global survey for Adelie penguins turned up 3.8 million breeding pairs.”但这只是行文过程中涉及到对其他研究的介绍，属于背景介绍，而非本文中南极洲企鹅的相关研究。综上，故选C。

【34题详解】

推理判断题。本题要求推测Lynch会同意的观点，根据文中第三段“Heather Lynch, associate professor at Stony Brook, along with his team, used the area of the colony as defined by the guano stain to work back to the number of pairs.”Lynch的团队通过“the guano stain”来反推区域企鹅种群的数量，并结合第二段末尾对guano的解释“the stain (污渍) left on the ice by their waste, called guano”因它们的排泄物而在冰面上留下的污渍叫guano，所以D选项“阿德利企鹅的排泄物帮助（科学家）估计企鹅数量”正确，故选D。

【35题详解】

细节理解题。本题要求对Young flesh的话做出解读，根据其所处的最后一段 “‘This was a big surprise, since the abundance and distribution of Adelie penguins has changed dramatically over the last 40 years and scientists had assumed that a change in diet might have played a role,’ said Casey Young flesh…However, continued changes in the physical environment and a growing krill fishery in the region are likely to have an influence on penguin prey (猎物) and penguin population itself.”可知，在过去40年企鹅数量各方面发生急剧变化，科学家原来已经假设是饮食的变化发挥作用，然而，外部物理环境的变化和这一地区不断扩张的鳞虾养殖很可能对企鹅的猎物（数量）产生影响，进而影响到企鹅自身的数量，故C项“饮食的改变并不像原先设想的那样，真正影响了企鹅的数量”正确，故选C。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A traditional curriculum (课程) is the most widely accepted form of education. It refers to a teacher-centered style of education which requires students to passively receive information taught by teachers. ___36___, based on what they think will be useful for the next generation in their academic and social lives.

Different from a traditional curriculum, a progressive curriculum presents a different approach to education. ___37___. Teachers cease to be the authorities that are spreading knowledge, but rather only facilitate students’ research and development. School is no longer preparation for life, but rather a part of life, a process of learning and discovering that will last throughout the life of every student. Basically, it’s a reform of traditional education. ___38___, although it is becoming increasingly popular in many schools across the world.

___39___. Usually, classes in schools supporting a progressive curriculum are smaller than in those supporting a traditional one. This is to ensure that students get as much attention from teachers as possible. Besides, a traditional system is mostly theoretical—knowledge is taught through lectures, worksheets, notes, and textbooks, without much practical involvement. ___40___. It encourages direct experience, play, and social interaction. Furthermore, a traditional system supports knowledge in many areas, subjects and classes, while a progressive system focuses on the main interests of students and gives very deep and detailed information about those subjects, focusing the education on those subjects that are most interesting to the students at hand.

A. However, it’s not universally accepted yet

B. Which curriculum is more efficient is an open question

C. The information to be taught is decided on by the adults

D. A progressive system is quite the opposite in that regard

E. These two educational systems are fundamentally different

F. This curriculum changes the focus onto students instead of teachers

G. Parents would become actively involved in a progressive curriculum

【答案】36. C    37. F    38. A    39. E    40. D

【解析】

【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了传统课程与渐进课程的概念及区别。

【详解】1.根据设空处后面的“based on what they think will be useful for the next generation in their academic and social lives. (基于他们认为对下一代在学术和社会生活中有用的东西。)”可推知设空处应解释they指代谁，以及他们认为的基于对下一代学术和社会生活有用的事情。由此可知C项“The information to be taught is decided on by the adults (要教的知识是由成年人决定的)”符合语境，其中they指代C项中的adults。故选C。
 

2.第一段介绍了传统课程是以老师为中心的，第二段首句“Different from a traditional curriculum, a progressive curriculum presents a different approach to education. (与传统课程不同，渐进式课程呈现出不同的教育方式。)”指出渐进课程与传统课程不同。再结合设空处后面的“Teachers cease to be the authorities that are spreading knowledge, but rather only facilitate students’ research and development. (教师不再是传播知识的权威，而只是促进学生的研究和发展。)”可知，渐进课程不再是以老师为中心，而是以学生为中心，由此可推知，空处应该承上启下，指出课程的中心由教师转到学生身上，故可知 F项“This curriculum changes the focus onto students instead of teachers (这个课程把焦点从教师转移到学生身上)”正确。故选F。

3.根据设空处后面的“although it is becoming increasingly popular in many schools across the world ( 尽管它在世界各地的许多学校越来越受欢迎。)”可知，渐进课程在世界各地的许多学校中越来越流行，其中的although提示设空处应表达与此相反的含义，故 A 项“However, it’s not universally accepted yet (然而渐进课程还没有被普遍接受)”符合语境，故选A。

4.通读设空处所在段落尤其是下文“Usually, classes in schools supporting a progressive curriculum are smaller than in those supporting a traditional one. This is to ensure that students get as much attention from teachers as possible. Besides, a traditional system is mostly theoretical—knowledge is taught through lectures, worksheets, notes, and textbooks, without much practical involvement. (通常，支持渐进式课程的学校的班级比支持传统课程的学校的班级小。这是为了确保学生得到老师尽可能多的关注。此外，传统的系统大多是理论性的——知识是通过讲座、练习单、笔记和教科书传授的，没有太多的实际参与。)”可知，本段从课堂容量、授课方式以及课程内容等方面对比了传统课程和渐进课程的区别，E 项“These two educational systems are fundamentally different (这两种教育体系从根本上是不同的)”概括了整段内容，符合语境。故选E。

5.设空处前面“Besides, a traditional system is mostly theoretical—knowledge is taught through lectures, worksheets, notes, and textbooks, without much practical involvement. (此外，传统的系统大多是理论性的——知识是通过讲座、练习单、笔记和教科书传授的，没有太多的实际参与。)”指出传统的教学体系大多是理论性的—知识是通过讲座、活页练习册、笔记和课本传授的，没有太多的实际参与。设空处后面“It encourages direct experience, play, and social interaction. (它鼓励直接的经验，游戏和社会互动。)”继续这一话题，指出渐进的教育体系鼓励直接体验、游戏和社交互动，这与传统教学体系完全相反，故D项“A progressive system is quite the opposite in that regard (在这方面，进步的体制恰恰相反)”符合语境。D项为过渡句，起承上启下的作用。故选D。

第三部分英语知识运用

第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

After 21 years of marriage, my wife wanted me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie. The other woman was my ___41___. She had been a widow for 19 years. The way of my work made it possible to visit her occasionally. That night, I called to invite her to go out for dinner. “What’s wrong? Are you well?” she asked. My mother is the type of woman who believes that a late night call or a sudden invitation is a(n) ___42___ of bad news. But thinking about it for a moment, she ___43___ said. “I would like that very much.” That Friday after work, I drove over to pick her up.

We went to a restaurant that, although not ___44___, was very nice and cozy. My mother took my arm ___45___ she were the First Lady. During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation—nothing ___46___ but catching up on recent ___47___ of each other’s life. We talked so much that we missed the ___48___. As we arrived at her house later, she said, “I’ll go out with you again, but only if you let me ___49___ you.” I agreed.

A few days later, my mother died of a heart attack. It happened so _____50_____ that I didn’t have a chance to do anything for her. Some time later, I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant _____51_____ from the same place where mother and I had dined. An _____52_____ note said: “I paid this bill _____53_____. I wasn’t sure that I _____54_____ be there; but I still paid for two plates—one for you and the other for your _____55_____. You will never know what that night _____56_____ for me. I love you, son.”

At that moment, I _____57_____ the importance of saying in time: “I LOVE YOU” and to give time to our family. _____58_____ in life is more important than your family. Give them the time they _____59_____, because these things cannot be _____60_____ till “some other time.”

41. A. aunt B. grandmother C. mother D. daughter

42. A. sign B. signal C. explanation D. sigh

43. A. sadly B. quickly C. hardly D. ultimately

44. A. grand B. comfortable C. shabby D. fragile

45. A. even if B. as though C. so that D. in case

46. A. unbelievable B. attractive C. interesting D. extraordinary

47. A. accidents B. events C. coincidences D. conditions

48. A. bus B. appointment C. movie D. time

49. A. accompany B. order C. satisfy D. invite

50. A. immediately B. abruptly C. absolutely D. awfully

51. A. receipt B. bill C. reception D. notice

52. A. extra B. additional C. attached D. approved

53. A. by chance B. on purpose C. for myself D. in advance

54. A. might B. should C. could D. would

55. A. son B. wife C. friend D. colleague

56. A. meant B. paid C. provided D. made

57. A. advocated B. appreciated C. admired D. applauded

58. A. Something B. Anything C. Everything D. Nothing

59. A. demand B. need C. deserve D. desire

60. A. put off B. called off C. taken off D. turned off

【答案】41. C    42. A    43. D    44. A    45. B    46. D    47. B    48. C    49. D    50. B    51. A    52. C    53. D    54. C    55. B    56. A    57. B    58. D    59. C    60. A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者和母亲去吃饭的一次经历和母亲的突然离世来告诉人们要多花些时间和亲人在一起，这比什么都重要。而不要等到子欲养而亲不待，让人抱憾终身。

【41题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个女人是我母亲。A．aunt 阿姨； B．grandmother 祖母； C．mother妈妈；D．daughter 女儿。根据“My mother is the type of woman who believes that a late night call or a sudden invitation is a(n) ___2___ of bad news.”可知，作者是带自己的妈妈出去吃饭。故选C。

【42题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲是那种认为深夜电话或突然邀请是坏消息的征兆的女人。A. sign迹象；B. signal信号；C. explanation解释；D. sigh叹气。根据““What’s wrong? Are you well?” she asked.”可知，只要有点坏消息的迹象，母亲就会感到担忧。故选A。

【43题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：但想了一会儿，她最终说，“我非常愿意。”A．sadly悲哀地；B．quickly迅速地；C．hardly 几乎不；D．ultimately最后。根据“But thinking about it for a moment,”可知，母亲终于最后说，她非常喜欢一起吃饭。故选D。

【44题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们去了一家餐厅，虽然不算豪华，但很温馨舒适。A. grand 宏伟的，豪华的；B. comfortable 舒服的；C. shabby破旧的；D. fragile易碎的；纤弱的。根据“was very nice and cozy.”中的nice和cozy以及前面的否定意义可以判断，指饭店不是很豪华。故选A。

【45题详解】

考查连词词义辨析。句意：母亲挽着我的胳膊，就好像她是第一夫人一样。A. even if即使；B. as though 仿佛，好像；C. so that为了；D. in case万一。根据“she were the First Lady.”可知，母亲和儿子在一起感觉非常骄傲，就仿佛和第一夫人一般，此处是一种假设语气。故选B。

【46题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吃饭时，我们聊得很愉快——没什么特别的事，只是聊了聊彼此生活中最近发生的事情。A. unbelievable 让人难以置信的；B. attractive 迷人的；C. interesting有趣的；D. extraordinary非凡的。根据“but catching up on recent ___7___ of each other’s life.”转折可知，儿子和母亲的聊天没有什么大事，只是很随意的。故选D。

【47题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：吃饭时，我们聊得很愉快——没什么特别的事，只是聊了聊彼此生活中最近发生的事情。A. accidents 事故；B. events 事件；C. coincidences 巧合；D. conditions状况；状态；条件；(居住、工作的)环境，境况。根据“of each other’s life.”可知，母子的谈话只是涉及到彼此生活中发生的事情。故选B。

【48题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们谈得太多，以致错过了电影。A. bus 汽车；B. appointment 约会；C. movie电影；D. time时间。根据第一段“my wife wanted me to take another woman out to dinner and a movie.”可知，作者当天的安排是吃饭和看电影，吃饭聊天时太投机所以错过了电影。故选C。

【49题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我们到了她家，她说:“我还会再和你出去的，但前提是你得让我邀请你。”A. accompany陪伴；B. order预定；C. satisfy使满意；D. invite邀请。根据“I’ll go out with you again,”可知，母亲说如果你接受我的邀请，我会和你出去的。故选D。

【50题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：事情发生得太突然了，我没有机会为她做任何事情。A. immediately立即，马上；B. abruptly突然地；C. absolutely绝对地；D. awfully可怕地，十分。根据“I didn’t have a chance to do anything for her.”可知，事情发生的非常突然，作者都没来得及做些什么。故选B。

【51题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一段时间，我收到一个信封，里面有一张餐馆收据的复印件，是我和母亲吃饭的那家餐馆寄来的。A. receipt 收据；B. bill账单；C. reception 接待；D. notice注意。根据“I paid this bill ____13____.”可知，母亲已经提前支付了费用，由此判断信封里面装的是收据。故选A。

【52题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：附页上写着:“我已经提前付了这笔账。我不确定我能不能去；但我还是付了两个盘子的钱——一个给你，另一个给你妻子。你永远不会知道那晚对我意味着什么。我爱你，儿子。”A. extra额外的；B. additional附加的，额外的；C. attached 所附的；附属于；依恋的； D. approved被认可的；经过检验的。根据“I received an envelope with a copy of a restaurant ____11____ from the same place where mother and I had dined.”可知，在收据上附带着一张便条来说明情况。故选C。

【53题详解】

考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：附页上写着:“我已经提前付了这笔账。我不确定我能不能去；但我还是付了两个盘子的钱——一个给你，另一个给你妻子。你永远不会知道那晚对我意味着什么。我爱你，儿子。”A. by chance 偶然；B. on purpose故意；C. for myself 为自己；D. in advance提前。根据“I wasn’t sure that I ____14____ be there; but I still paid for two plates”可知，母亲没等到和作者一起去吃饭，是提前支付了费用。故选D。

【54题详解】

考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：附页上写着:“我已经提前付了这笔账。我不确定我能不能去；但我还是付了两个盘子的钱——一个给你，另一个给你妻子。你永远不会知道那晚对我意味着什么。我爱你，儿子。”A. might 可能；B. should 应该；C. could 能够，可能；D. would将。根据“I wasn’t sure”可知，母亲不确定自己是否能够再次和儿子一起吃饭。故选C。

【55题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：附页上写着:“我已经提前付了这笔账。我不确定我能不能去；但我还是付了两个盘子的钱——一个给你，另一个给你妻子。你永远不会知道那晚对我意味着什么。我爱你，儿子。”A. son儿子；B. wife妻子；C. friend朋友；D. colleague同事。根据“but I still paid for two plates”可知，母亲不确定自己是否能够到场，但还是付了两个人的钱，由此判断她计划给作者和他的妻子预定。故选B。

【56题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：附页上写着:“我已经提前付了这笔账。我不确定我能不能去；但我还是付了两个盘子的钱——一个给你，另一个给你妻子。你永远不会知道那晚对我意味着什么。我爱你，儿子。”A. meant 意味着，意思是；B. paid 付款；C. provided 提供；D. made制作。根据第二段“During the dinner, we had an agreeable conversation—nothing ___6___ but catching up on recent ___7___ of each other’s life.”可知，母亲对上次和儿子在一起吃饭感到特别开心，感觉那顿饭对她意味着很多。故选A。

【57题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我意识到及时说“我爱你”和给我们的家庭时间的重要性。A. advocated 提倡；B. appreciated感激；欣赏；理解，领悟，意识到；C. admired羡慕；D. applauded鼓掌；赞许。根据“A few days later, my mother died of a heart attack.”可知，从母亲的话和母亲的去世作者意识到了和家人在一起的重要性。故选B。

【58题详解】

考查代词词义辨析。句意：生活中没有什么比你的家庭更重要。A. Something某事；B. Anything 任何事；C. Everything 一切；D. Nothing没什么。根据“in life is more important than your family.”可知，此处表达了作者清楚地认识到：没有什么会比你的家人更重要。故选D。

【59题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：给他们应得的时间，因为这些事情不能推迟到“其他时间”。A. demand要求；B. need 需要；C. deserve 值得；应得；D. desire渴望。根据“because these things cannot be ____20____ till “some other time.””可知，家人是最重要的人，他们应该得到我们更多的关注，得到更多的时间。故选C。

60题详解】

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：给他们应得的时间，因为这些事情不能推迟到“其他时间”。A. put off 推迟；B. called off 取消；C. taken off 起飞，脱掉；D. turned off关掉。根据全文可知作者懂得了及时说“我爱你”的重要性，他也提醒读者“没有比你的家人更重要的了”所以不要推迟与他们共度的时光到其他时刻。故选A。

第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In many parts of Europe, summer 2022 has been terrible: long periods of drought combined with record high temperatures. Heat waves, water shortages and forest fires are particularly affecting southern, western and central Europe. Such weather extremes affect a wide range of sectors and systems.

___61___ the researchers show, the effects of simultaneous heat and drought are not limited to just their individual direct effects on different areas. “We identified ___62___ interconnected (互相关联的) web of sectors that interact in direct and indirect ways, which causes additional loss and damage in several other sectors,” says PhD candidate Niggli.

It is this interconnection ___63___ makes the risks of extreme events so complex and critical. The negative effects spread across numerous sectors and can have far-reaching consequences for essential systems.

The ___64___(analyze) also shows that adaptation measures taken___65___ extreme heat and drought events sometimes have negative effects on other sectors. “___66___(support) the planning of adaptive and reactive measures, these effects need to be ___67___(whole) analyzed,” says UZH professor of geography Christian Huggel.

As the climate gets ___68___(warm), extreme heat and drought events___69___(happen) more and more often, be more intense and last longer in the years to come. In order to reduce this growing risk for society, in addition to ___70___(step) up efforts and investments in adapting to weather extremes, cross-sector and increasingly international cooperation will be required.

【答案】61. As    62. an   

63. that    64. analysis   

65. against   

66. To support   

67. wholly    68. warmer   

69. will happen   

70. stepping

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在欧洲的许多地区，2022年的夏季非常糟糕：长期干旱加上破纪录的高温。这些极端天气给社会的方方面面带来严重的影响。

【61题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：如研究人员所示，热旱同时发生效应并不仅仅限于对不同地区的个体直接影响。分析句子结构，这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，空白处指代整个主句表达的含义，应使用as引导定语从句，故填As。

【62题详解】

考查冠词。句意：我们发现了以直接或间接方式相互影响的一个互相关联的行业网络。分析句子结构，根据名词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词表示“一个”含义，因此名词web of sectors前需使用不定冠词，又因空白处后面的interconnected第一个发音音素为元音，故填an。

【63题详解】

考查强调句。句意：就是这种互相关联性才使得极端事件的风险如此复杂和严重。分析句子结构，这是一个强调句结构，被强调部分为this interconnection，根据强调句的用法，强调句的基本结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子的其他部分，因被强调部分不指人，故填that。

【64题详解】

考查名词。句意：这项分析显示：应对极高温和干旱事件所采取的应对性措施有时候对其他行业有消极影响。根据空白处前面的定冠词the可知空白处应填名词形式，故填analysis。

【65题详解】

考查介词。句意：同上。根据下文“extreme heat and drought events(极高温和干旱事件)”可知空白处应填表示“应对”含义的介词，故填against。

【66题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：为了对适应性和反应性措施的计划作出支持，这些影响需要整体进行分析。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中不作谓语，应使用非谓语动词形式，再根据句意，空白处句子表达的是一种目的，应使用动词不定式，故填To support。

【67题详解】

考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处应使用副词作状语修饰后面的过去分词analyzed，故填wholly。

【68题详解】

考查形容词比较级。句意：随着气候变暖，极端高温和干旱事件将在未来几年发生得越来越频繁，强度越来越大，持续时间也越来越长。根据下文的“more and more often, be more intense and last longer in the years to come(在未来的几年里越来越频繁，更强烈持续时间更长)”可知，此处应使用形容词比较级，故填warmer。

【69题详解】

考查时态。句意：同上。根据时间状语in the years to come可知，此处应用一般将来时，故填will happen。

【70题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减少社会面临的这一日益增长的风险，除了加大努力和投资以适应极端天气外，还需要跨部门和日益国际化的合作。介词短语in addition to的含义为：除了，to是介词，后接动名词，作宾语。故填stepping。

第三节(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)单句语法填空

71. He can’t tolerate _______ (laugh) at in public. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】being laughed

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他不能容忍在公共场合被嘲笑。tolerate doing sth.表示“容忍做某事”，且结合语意，他不能容忍的是被嘲笑，所以空处应用动名词的被动式being laughed，作动词tolerate的宾语。故填being laughed。

72. —May I smoke here? —If you _______, choose a seat in the smoking section.(用适当的词填空)

【答案】must

【解析】

【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我可以在这里抽烟吗？——如果你非要抽，请选择吸烟区的座位。根据句意，此处指“如果你非要/一定要抽烟的话，请去吸烟区”，must可以表示“非要，偏一定要”。故填must。

73. The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and _________ (remain) around that level since. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】has remained

【解析】

【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到18所，此后一直保持在这一水平。remain是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，the number of…短语作主语，谓语用单数，since暗示用现在完成时。故填has remained。

74. High school girls in the country _______ (forbid) to wear long hair at that time, which you may think quite strange. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】were forbidden

【解析】

【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当时该国的高中女生被禁止留长发，你可能会觉得这很奇怪。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语动词，根据时间状语at that time可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，且forbid与主语High school girls之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语High school girls是复数，be动词应用were。故填were forbidden。

75. William started off on the wrong foot by having an _______ (argue) with the manager on his first day at work. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】argument

【解析】

【详解】考查名词。句意：威廉第一天上班就和经理发生了争执，这使他一开始就陷入了困境。此处应用名词作have的宾语，由an可知，应用单数，故填argument。

76. He made an appeal to the villagers for money _______ (build) the bridge. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】to build

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他向村民们呼吁捐钱建桥。用不定式在句中作目的状语。根据句意，故填to build。

77. He was _______ (shame) of cheating in the exam and determined never to do that again. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】ashamed

【解析】

【详解】考查形容词。句意：他为考试作弊感到羞愧，决心再也不作弊了。分析句子结构可知，空处需填形容词ashamed作表语，be ashamed of“对……感到羞愧”。故填ashamed。

78. The museum is reported to _______ (build) for the public to understand the brand’s culture in 2000. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】have been built

【解析】

【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据悉，该博物馆于2000年建成，旨在让公众了解该品牌的文化。根据句中时间状语 in 2000，表示动作已经完成，所以用不定式的完成式。根据句意，故填have been built。

79. Much_______ I like it, I won’t buy it. .(用适当的词填空)

【答案】as##though

【解析】

【详解】考查连词和倒装。句意：尽管我非常喜欢它，但我不会买。空处引导让步状语从句，且从句中副词much置于句首，故应用连词as/though；as/though引导让步状语从句时，要部分倒装，结构为adj./adv./v/n+as/though+主语+谓语+其他。故填as/though。

80. The parade of people who _______ (continue) marched through Yoshiko’s young life became a part of the world she created. (所给词的适当形式填空)

【答案】continuously

【解析】

【详解】考查副词。句意：在吉子年轻的生活中不断游行的人们成为了她创造的世界的一部分。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词作状语，修饰动词marched。故填continuously。

第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

81. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Money is vital in everyday life. Is it the people earning lots of money which are successful? In some people’s eyes, being rich is equal to be successful. They say we live a materialistic world where everything including relationships is defined by money. To be successful, that is essential to acquire a good education and it came from money. Success and money are close related to each other.

However, there are many people who have huge amounts of money, and in no case can they be said to be successful. Being successful means being satisfying with whatever things we have. Money cannot buy satisfaction or happiness, and a person who without such feeling cannot be called a success.

【答案】1.which→that/who

2.be→being

3.live后加in

4.that→it

5.came→comes

6.close→closely

7.and→but

8.satisfying→satisfied

9.去掉a person后的who

10.feeling→feelings

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。钱在日常生活中很重要。然而，有许多人拥有大量的钱，在任何情况下都不能说他们是成功的。因为金钱买不到满足和幸福，一个没有这种感觉的人不能被称为成功人士。

【详解】1.考查强调句。句意：是那些赚很多钱的人成功了吗?本句是强调句的一般疑问句形式，被强调部分是people，是人，用that或who。故which改为that/who。

2.考查动名词。句意：在一些人眼里，有钱就等于成功。be equal to doing表示“等同于做某事”，介词后用动名词。故be改为being。

3.考查介词。句意：他们说我们生活在一个物质主义的世界，包括关系在内的一切都是由金钱定义的。live in表示“生活在……”，缺少介词in。故在live后加in。

4.考查代词。句意：要想成功，获得良好的教育是必不可少的，它来自于金钱。此处为固定句型：it be+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，动词不定式作真正的主语，it作形式主语。故that改为it。

5.考查动词时态。句意：要想成功，获得良好的教育是必不可少的，它来自于金钱。根据前面的is可知，这是一般现在时。主语为it，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故came改为comes。

6.考查副词。句意：成功和金钱是密切相关的。副词修饰形容词related，作状语，表示“密切地”应用closely。故close改为closely。

7.考查连词。句意：然而，有许多人拥有大量的钱，但是在任何情况下都不能说他们是成功的。上下句为转折关系，用转折连词but。故and改为but。

8.考查形容词。句意：成功意味着对我们所拥有的一切感到满足。“对某物满意”用be satisfied with。故satisfying改为satisfied。

9.考查句子结构。句意：金钱买不到满足和幸福，一个没有这种感觉的人不能被称为成功人士。without such feelings是介词短语作定语，不需要连接词who。故去掉a person后的who。

10.考查名词的数。句意：金钱买不到满足和幸福，一个没有这种感觉的人不能被称为成功人士。名词feeling指代前面的满足和幸福，用复数形式。故feeling改为feelings。

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

82. 假定你是学校心理社（psychology club)社长，你校上周三开展了一次名为“Mental Health Day”的交流活动，帮助学生们交流，减缓学习压力，请你根据活动情况写一则报道，内容包括：

1.心理社简介；

2.活动内容；

3.活动的影响。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】                                                                           A Communication Activity
      In order to help students communicate with each other and reduce their study pressure , our school held a communication activity called “Mental Health Day” last Wednesday.The activity was organized by the psychology club of our school.Psychology club club is a special association which was set up by our school to help students deal with various psychological problems. The activity included consulting external psychologists and interaction among students.After this activity, students got effective advice to deal with the study pressure.At the same time, the common psychological problems existing in students were exposed.This activity received high praise of the whole school.

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为学校上周三开展的一次名为“Mental Health Day”的交流活动写一则报道，内容包括心理社简介、活动内容、活动的影响。

【详解】1.词汇积累

压力：pressure→stress

举办：hold → host

与此同时：at the same time→meanwhile

普遍的：common→ popular

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：At the same time, the common psychological problems existing in students were exposed.

拓展句：At the same time, the common psychological problems which existed in students were exposed.

【点睛】【高分句型1】In order to help students communicate with each other and reduce their study pressure , our school held a communication activity called “Mental Health Day” last Wednesday(运用了不定式作目的状语)

【高分句型2】Psychological club is a special association which was set up by our school to help students deal with various psychological problems.(运用了which引导的定语从句)