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北京中考英语阅读理解专项训练
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这是一份北京中考英语阅读理解专项训练，共22页。
Mst peple wh try drwn-prfing fail. Many f them panic and scream. But sme make it. And they d s because they understand a cunterintuitive (违反直觉的) lessn: the mre yu struggle t keep yur head abve water, the mre likely yu are t sink (下沉).
With yur arms and legs bund, it’s impssible t keep yurself at the surface fr the full five minutes. Even wrse, yur limited effrts t keep yur bdy aflat will nly cause yu t sink faster. The trick t drwn-prfing is t actually let yurself sink t the bttm f the pl. Frm there, yu lightly push yurself ff the pl flr and carry yu back t the surface. Once there, yu can have a quick breath f air and start the whle prcess ver again.
Strangely, surviving drwn-prfing requires n superhuman strength. It desn’t even require that yu knw hw t swim. Hwever, it requires the ability t nt swim. This skill—the ability t let g f cntrl when ne wants it mst—is ne f the mst imprtant skills anyne can develp. And nt just fr SEAL training. Fr life.
Mst peple suppse the relatinship between effrt and reward (回报、奖励) is ne-t-ne. We think that wrking twice as lng will prduce twice the results.
This is almst never true. Mst f the wrld des nt exist n a linear curve. Linear relatinships nly wrk fr mindless r repetitive tasks—driving a car, filling ut paperwrk, cleaning the bathrm, etc. In all f these cases, ding smething fr tw hurs will duble the utput f ding it fr ne hur. But that’s simply because they require n thught r creativity.
Mst activities in life d nt perate alng the linear effrt/reward curve because mst activities in life are nt basic nr mindless. Mst activities are cmplex (复杂的), mentally r emtinally invlved. Therefre, mst activities prduce a diminishing returns curve.
Diminishing returns means that the mre yu experience smething, the less rewarding it becmes. The classic example is mney. The difference between earning $20,000 and $40,000 is life-changing. The difference between $120,000 and $140,000 means yur car has nicer seat heaters. The difference between earning $127,020,000 and $127,040,000 is basically nthing.
Friendship has diminishing returns, as des eating, sleeping, wrking ut at the gym, reading bks, studying fr an exam—the examples are endless.
But there’s anther curve, the inverted curve, where effrt and reward have a negative relatin—the mre effrt yu put int ding smething, the mre yu will fail t d it.
Drwn-prfing exists n an inverted curve. The mre effrt yu put int rising t the surface, the mre likely yu will be t fail at it.
Few things in life wrk n an inverted curve. But the few things that d are imprtant. In fact, the mst imprtant experiences and gals in life all exist n an inverted curve.
Ging after happiness takes yu further away frm it. The lnging fr greater freedm is ften what causes us t feel stuck and trapped. The need t be lved and accepted prevents us frm lving and accepting urselves.
The harder we try t d smething, the less we shall succeed. This is “The Backwards Law”: desiring a psitive experience is itself a negative experience; accepting a negative experience is a psitive experience. The gal is t take yur mind and teach it t stp chasing its wn tail. T stp chasing meaning, freedm and happiness because thse nly serve t mve it further away frm itself. T shw it hw the nly way t reach the surface is by letting itself sink.
Yu lean int the fear and uncertainty, and just when yu think yu’re ging t drwn, just as yu reach the bttm, it will launch yu back t yur salvatin (拯救).
1．The key t survive drwn-prfing is t ________.
A．sink dwn and lift upB．have enugh practice
C．hld yur breath fr lngD．mve smartly underwater
2．What can we knw abut the three curves?
A．Linear curve shws the pssibility f success.
B．Diminishing returns tells us the less the better.
C．Inverted curve wrks when we have spiritual needs.
D．There is n direct link between the actin and the result.
3．Accrding t the three curves, which applicatin is prbably true?
A．The mre friends we have, the happier we will feel.
B．Cleaning wrks better in the first hur than the secnd.
C．Cnfidence increases when we try, and then stps increasing.
D．The mre we want respect frm thers, the less they will respect us.
4．The writer suggests that we shuld ________.
A．build mind pwer t live better
B．shape values fr psitive utcmes
C．give up struggle t gain what we desire
D．accept negativity because we are nt perfect
Once upn a time, there was a girl named Heather. She lved her hme. It was a big, tw-flred huse. She had lived there fr practically her whle life. “Heather, will yu please cme dwnstairs? I need t talk t yu abut smething imprtant.” Her mther said, frm dwnstairs. It was a chilly winter night. “Yes, mther!” Heather said, then came dwnstairs. “What’s up?” She asked her parents, sitting dwn n the sfa, beside them.
“Dear, I want t talk t yu abut smething imprtant. It’s abut this huse. Yu see, mnth by mnth, this place has been hard t repair, because it’s s ld. We have decided t mve huses.” Her mther said. Heather was shcked t hear this. “But, mther, it’s fine! I will dnate my mney t repair this huse! Please! Let’s nt mve!” she said, desperate t change her mther’s mind.
Befre her mther culd reply, she strmed upstairs t her rm. She sat n her bed and cried. “I dn’t want t shift! This huse isn’t all that ld!” After sme time, she lay dwn n her bed and slept.
The next day, at the breakfast, her mther sat dwn acrss frm her. “Heather, I prmise, yu will like yur new hme! Yu’ll be used t it befre yu knw it!” Her mther said, trying t make Heather feel better. “Ok. I hpe yu’re right.” Heather mumbled（咕哝）. “We will mve int an apartment, just 45 minutes away frm this huse. The huse may nt have as many rms which we have here, but it has tw balcnies（阳台）, which have spectacular views!” Her mther said excitedly.
Heather culd see that her mther was excited t mve. “That sunds prmising! Maybe I will like it there!” she said t her mther, trying t sund cheerful. “I’m sure yu will!” Her mther said.
Befre Heather knew it, Sunday had cme. Her packing was dne, and s was her parents’. She lked arund. Her huse was empty. It reminded her f the first time she stepped in it when she was abut 5 years ld. The huse was empty then, t. Nine years later, that mment repeated itself. She didn’t knw why, but this seemingly unimprtant mment was very heart-tuching fr her. She smiled. Heather went t every rm, saying her gdbyes.
“Dear huse, I have enjyed ur time here. But, nw it’s time fr me t leave. Dn’t be sad! We might meet smeday, again. Let us bth await it. I lve yu! Yu have made my life mre special, with just yur presence in it. I hpe yu wrk that magic f yurs n every future resident（住户）t live here. Gdbye!” She said t her huse.
5．Why did Heather’s parents want t mve t a new huse?
A．Because they had enugh mney t live there.
B．Because the ld huse was t ld t be repaired.
C．Because the new huse was clse t the wrk places.
D．Because they wanted t give a better future t Heather.
6．Which f the fllwing statements is true abut the new huse?
A．It had wnderful views with tw balcnies.
B．It was very big and had tw flrs inside.
C．It was nt far away frm Heather’s schl.
D．It was nly 5 years ld and still empty nw.
7．In Heather’s eyes, what is s meaningful in the ld huse?
A．The lng histry.
B．The prmising resident.
C．The unfrgettable mments.
D．The heart-tuching gdbyes.
The basic scientific methd includes the steps scientists use and fllw when trying t slve a prblem r prve r disprve a thery. The methds are used by scientists all ver the wrld.
There are usually fur steps which are a part f the scientific methd. The steps can appear in any rder, but the first step is usually bservatin. An bservatin is the use f ne r mre f the five senses, which include seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and tasting. The five senses are used t learn abut r identify an event r bject the scientist wants t study. Fr example, while bserving a spider, a scientist may bserve the pattern r size f the spider’s web.
The secnd step f the scientific methd is the questin being researched, the hypthesis. It is the questin that is turned int a statement abut an event r bject the scientist wuld like t research. A gd hypthesis includes three things: The explanatin fr the bservatins, it is able t be tested by ther scientists, and it will usually predict new utcmes r cnclusins (结论). The scientist bserving the spider building the web may have a questin abut the strength f the web. An example f the hypthesis might be: The larger the spider, the strnger the web. This hypthesis includes the explanatin fr the bservatin. It can be tested, and new cnclusins may be reached.
The third step f the scientific methd is the experiment. An experiment is a test which will either challenge r supprt the hypthesis. The hypthesis will then be true r false. Using the spider hypthesis, a scientist may experiment by measuring spider webs in relatin t a spider’s size. Often, even when a hypthesis is disprved, much can still be learned during the experiment. Fr example, while measuring the strength f spider webs, the scientist may discver smething new abut them.
The final step in the scientific methd is the cnclusin. The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt. If the results supprt the hypthesis, a cnclusin can be written. If it des nt supprt the hypthesis, the scientist may chse t change the hypthesis r write a new ne based n what was learned during the experiment. In the example, if the scientist prves that larger spiders build strnger webs, then that is the cnclusin. If it was nt prven, the scientist may change the hypthesis t: The size f a spider des has n bearing n the strength f its web.
The scientific methd is used fr simple experiments. Students may d in the classrm r difficult experiments being dne all ver the wrld. The spider experiment may be dne by any scientist in the wrld.
In summary, the scientific methd includes the steps scientists use t slve a prblem r t prve r disprve a thery. There are fur basic steps invlved with the scientific methd. The usual steps include bservatin, hypthesis, experiment, and cnclusin. The steps may nt always be cmpleted in the same rder. Fllwing the fur steps, the results f the experiment will either supprt the hypthesis r will nt supprt the hypthesis. Scientists are always free t change r write a new hypthesis and start the fur steps all ver again. The scientific methd is used fr simple experiments r fr mre difficult experiments.
8．Which f the steps in the scientific methd wuld a scientist use fr seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and tasting?
A．Cnclusin.B．Observatin.C．Experiment.D．Hypthesis.
9．Accrding t Paragraph 4, which f the fllwing statements is true?
A．Spiders and their webs are supplies in scientific experiments.
B．Measuring the size f spiders is the first step f the experiment.
C．Scientists are likely t discver smething new frm disprved hypthesis.
D．Hypthesis plays an imprtant rle in perfrming the experiment.
10．The underlined wrd “bearing” in Paragraph 5 prbably means ________.
A．relatinB．directinC．agreementD．cnditin
11．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Scientific methd shuld be used in fixed rder fr experiments.
B．Observatin can help scientists get ready fr new cnclusin.
C．Experiments are perfrmed in rder t prve the hypthesis is right.
D．Cnclusin includes the results f the experiment r new hypthesis.
Tips fr Hw t Wrk Tgether
There are many times in schl and beynd when yu will need t wrk with ther peple. Yu may be wrking tgether t cmplete a prject, make a decisin, discuss a bk, r achieve a gal.
N matter the situatin, there are fur wrds that will make yur experience f wrking tgether the best it can be: prepare, listen, respect, and respnd. Here are sme guidelines t get yu started.
12．Accrding t the passage, yu may be wrking tgether t ________.
A．play a gameB．take a trip
C．discuss a bkD．attend a class
13．If yu want t get prepared, yu shuld ________.
A．have an pen mindB．express yur views clearly
C．lk at peple as they speakD．research yur tpic
14．When yu give yur cwrker a thumbs up, yu ________.
A．respect thers’ cmmentsB．use encuraging bdy language
C．knw yur rle in the grupD．have sme questins t ask
Clse yur eyes. Try t bring back a memry f taking an exam in yur wrst subject with yur strictest teacher. Prbably yu remember lking at the paper, feeling yu didn’t knw any f the answers. Yur heart was beating surprisingly, yu think f that experience as all bad, a lng-lasting discmfrt.
But maybe it didn’t have t be that way. A paper in Nature reprts that a ne-time nline mindset exercise（思维模式训练）imprved the way yung peple thught abut stressful events and their uncmfrtable respnses（反应）. The exercise is based n tw mindsets: first, ability is nt fixed but can be imprved with effrt and supprt; secnd, bdy respnses t stress can be helpful. As students wrk thrugh the exercise themselves, they read infrmatin abut hw the brain builds n experience and hw the bdy uses stress——a fast-beating heart sends mre bld t the brain t help yu think. The exercise als suggests ways t succeed in stressful situatins, and it asks students t write abut what they might d differently next time.
Researchers invited thusands f high schl and cllege students t take the exercise. The findings shw that this exercise appears t be able t change ur understanding f the wrld arund us and ur respnses t it. Cmpared with thse wh didn’t take the exercise, students wh tk part thught abut stress differently, turning it int a way f energizing the mtivatin（激活动力）t achieve a gal. What’s mre, the exercise changed their bdy respnses fr the better, preparing the bdy t respnd t events as a challenge rather than a threat（威胁）.
“Difficulty and struggle are yur friends,” says Christpher Bryan, a scial psychlgist and ne f the researchers. “Thse experiences dn’t feel gd in the mment, but it’s the path anyne wh became truly excellent at anything had t travel.”
The exercise culd be put int further use. It culd be specially made fr athletes r ffice wrkers in the future. Once it has been fully tested, the exercise culd be ready fr use in high schls and clleges natinwide.
The researchers dn’t just want yung peple t rethink abut stress; they want adults t rethink abut yung peple. “Our studies suggest that we might nt teach yung peple that they are t weak t get ver difficulties, but that we might, instead, prvide them with resurces and guidance s that yung peple can shw their skills and creativity in dealing with big prblems,” they write in the paper.
15．Accrding t Paragraph 2, the mindset exercise may help yu ________.
A．frget abut yur stressful mments
B．find ways t slw dwn yur heartbeat
C．recrd what yu have been thrugh befre
D．understand hw the brain builds n experience
16．What can we learn abut the exercise?
A．It is nw helping teenagers natinwide.
B．It is especially helpful t ffice wrkers.
C．It aims t help teenagers get better grades.
D．It can change students’ respnses t events.
17．The writer wuld prbably agree that ________.
A．difficulties are part f grwth fr yung peple
B．mtivatin plays the key rle in achieving a gal
C．teenagers are t weak t get thrugh difficulties
D．adults shuld shw their skills and creativity first
18．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T questin the influence f stress.
B．T explain the imprtance f stress.
C．T intrduce a way t lk at stress.
D．T cmpare tw mindsets abut stress.
Last fall, I signed up fr a fur-mnth prgram fr teenagers in Muntain High Schl. I went there because hikes, art, and fields f crn sunded fun t me.
When I set ut in August, I hugged my parents’ gdbye. “See yu in December!” I said.
My parents ndded. They were wrried — I culd tell. It was because they knew me s well. They knew that I had truble reaching ut. They knew that I was shy and I made friends slwly.
My dad lked wrriedly at me and my mm’s vice shk as she said, “Yu’re ging t be just fine, baby girl.”
The first tw weeks were difficult. I made half-hearted small talks at meals, and I cried in the shwer. Fr me, being arund peple all the time was mre tiring than a five-mile race. I was ut f my cmfrt zne, and I culdn’t g back.
One day during the third week, I spent tw hurs cllecting crn with ne f my classmates. My feelings matched the darkening sky. I wanted t be alne. After a while, she asked, “Where are yu frm again?” Half an hur passed, “Hw many brthers r sisters d yu have?”
Finally, my classmate said the three magic wrds in the English language: I LOVE READING. Sn I fund myself talking abut bks I enjyed reading. I started t relax. A few bricks (砖) fell dwn frm my wall f shyness.
A few mre fell. I started t reach ut. The bricks fell and fell and fell. By the end f the prgram, I was ttally different. I ran thrugh the dining hall, I jumped n the chairs, I sang, and I made friends.
That was the wnderful thing abut a cmfrt zne: nce yu are ut f it, it desn’t take lng t find a new nrmal. When I arrived, peple tired me. When I left, I culdn’t stand leaving them.
19．The writer’s parents wrried abut her because ________.
A．she disliked the prgramB．she was always a shy girl
C．she feared t leave hmeD．she was a very slw reader.
20．The writer started t relax after ________.
A．calling her parents
B．running a hard race
C．talking abut bks
D．crying in the shwer
21．Frm her experience, the writer learned abut ________.
A．the benefits f living by neself
B．the jy f leaving a cmfrt zne
C．the value f having a new hbby
D．the imprtance f making friends
Frm ftball t vlleyball, “ball” is part f the sprt’s name in many cases. Hwever, if yu watch an ice hckey game fr the first time, yu will prbably ntice that, unlike many sprts, there’s n ball.
In ice hckey, it’s all abut the puck: the little rund black bject that flies arund the ice. As tw teams skate rapidly n the ice, they fight with sticks t get the puck int the net. They skate s fast and sht the puck with such frce that it’s almst impssible t keep track f it.
Hckey pucks are flat and rund. Made f black rubber, they are abut 7.62 centimeters acrss and 2.54 centimeters thick. Each puck weighs abut 170 grams. Have yu ever seen a hckey puck up clse? If s, yu’ve prbably nticed that there are raised patterns n the edge f the puck. A cmpletely smth puck wuld be hard t sht. The raised patterns give the hckey stick smething t hld nt when a player takes a sht.
The hckey puck first appeared in 1875, thugh it’s unclear wh actually invented it. Experts believe the first hckey puck was likely just a rubber ball cut in half. This prvided players with an bject with a flat side that wuld slide（滑行）acrss the ice.
Tday, hckey pucks are nly made in fur cuntries: Canada, Russia, China, and the Czech Republic. At large factries, wrkers mix rubber with a special material first. Next, they add carbn black t the mixture. Then, they pur the mixture int a mld（模具）and press it. After that, special lgs can be added t each side thrugh a step called silk screening. Abut 5,000 lged pucks can be made in a week.
Hckey pucks are really cl. They are kept frzen s that they slide n the ice and dn’t bunce（弹跳）arund. Once the players tie their ice skates, they’re ff running after the puck, which can reach speeds f up t 160 kilmeters per hur r mre!
22．The expressin “keep track f” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A．fllwB．cllectC．leadD．crss
23．What can we learn frm the passage? ________
A．It takes fur steps t prduce a lged puck.
B．The first hckey puck was a rund rubber ball.
C．The pucks are kept frzen t bunce arund the ice.
D．Raised patterns make it hard fr players t take shts.
24．Which f the fllwing culd be the best title f the passage? ________
A．Slide n the Ice with Pucks
B．Get t Knw All abut Pucks
C．Have Fun Playing Ice Hckey
D．Take a Clse Lk at Ice Hckey
Are yu interested in helping yur kids take up a new hbby? Here are sme ideas fr yu.
25．Gardening ________ .A．requires a private garden
B．prvides a gd way t wrk ut
C．teaches kids t save mney
D．helps kids keep their hands clean
26．What can imprve kids’ creative thinking skills? ________
A．Gardening.B．Bread-making.
C．Calligraphy.D．Paper-flding.
27．The passage is written fr________.
A．teachersB．studentsC．parentsD．visitrs
Yu shuld time yur meals, because a full stmach can be the reasn why yu can’t get t sleep at night. A light snack at bedtime can prmte (提升) sleep, but t much fd can cause digestive (消化的) discmfrt that leads t wakefulness. Mrever, yu’d better nt drink cffee r tea in the evenings. Any fd r drink that cntains caffeine can disturb (扰乱) sleep, especially if yu are sensitive t caffeine.
Peple’s bdy is easily influenced by light and darkness. Dctrs strngly suggest darkening the bedrm befre yu g t sleep. S, start frm turning dwn the lights in yur bedrm. Turn ff laptps, TVs and ther surces f light in ur bedrm. These things send ut blue light which can cause wakefulness at night and break up the bdy’s natural inclinatin t sleep. Mrever, clse yur curtains (窗帘) and blinds at night, s yu will be able t sleep calmly.
It’s imprtant t change yur sleep cycle gradually in rder t avid stress and different sleep disrders. The mst suitable way is t d it in 15-minute amunt f increase. If yu have t wake up earlier, try t fall asleep 15 minutes earlier each evening. It may be difficult t fall asleep at nce, take sme relaxing activities like a bubble bath. I think a few nights will be enugh fr yu t feel cmfrtable with the new schedule (时间表). Yu shuld stick t the same sleep and wake up schedule. Dn’t frget abut weekends! It is allwed t have an extra hur n Saturday, but yu are t be back n track fr Sunday. It will help yur bdy get used t this new rutine.
If yu have dne all pssible things t fall asleep and yu are still tssing and turning, yu shuld get up and start ding things yu have n time t d during the day. Dn’t trture (折磨) yurself! D smething lw-stress and bring until yu discver that yu are tired. As a rule, 30 minutes f bring activities will be enugh t bring yu back t bed. A gd night’s sleep is an indispensable (不可或缺的) part f yur life. It can refresh and restre yur bdy. I hpe these tips will help yu change yur sleep schedule.
28．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Sme bring activities can make it difficult t fall int sleep.
B．The blue light in the bedrm is helpful t get t sleep easily.
C．The sleep schedule shuld be changed accrding t wrk time.
D．Eating a light snack befre ging t bed culd be gd fr sleep.
29．What des the writer mainly tell us in the passage?
A．The advantages f carrying ut the sleep schedule every day.
B．Sme effective suggestins that can help t fall asleep in bed.
C．Several kinds f relaxing sprts shuld be taken befre sleep.
D．A few practical methds t save electrical energy in bedrms.
30．The phrase “inclinatin t sleep” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A．state f being eager fr sleepB．steps f frming a sleep cycle
C．prcess f falling int sleepD．cnditins f sleeping in bed
31．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T discuss the relatinship between sleep and health.
B．T intrduce the bad effects caused by sleep disrders.
C．T advise n hw t drive wakefulness away frm sleep.
D．T intrduce a suitable diet fr a gd night’s sleep.
The Pwer f Dream
As Tny walked with his family alng the river, he saw a man playing the saxphne (萨克斯管) by the river. The man was wearing a hat with a leather strap (皮带) arund his neck. At the same time, he was dancing with the beautiful music frm his saxphne. There was a large crwd f peple arund him. When Tny’s family had already walked n up the river, he still lst his thught in the dream f playing the saxphne ne day.
Tw weeks later, it was Tny’s birthday. When he pened his present frm his parents, he was glad t find it was a saxphne! He blew the muth f the saxphne and tried t play it, but the saxphne wuldn’t make a sund. Then his dad tld him t read the instrument bk t learn what t d. After abut 15 minutes, he raised it slwly t his lips (嘴唇) as his family watched. But still there was n sund. He blew and blew but he culdn’t get the saxphne t wrk. He was almst crying when suddenly the saxphne made the mst beautiful sund which made him think f the music f the man by the river. He blew again, he mved his fingers n the saxphne and he made mre sunds. Sme f them were lud and clear but many f them weren’t. He was happy because he was playing very interesting sunds. But he wasn’t able t play music with his saxphne.
Then he began t take lessns. His teacher taught him hw t play it. When he was learning, he always remembered the man playing the saxphne by the river. His skills f playing musical instrument were gradually imprved and at last he culd play music with his saxphne. Nw Tny is in the TV studi (播放室) with his saxphne strapped t his neck and his hat n his head. He is waiting t be called t the stage t play his first saxphne sl (独奏曲) n TV.
32．Tny’s attentin was drawn t ________ when he walked alng the river.
A．the singing f birds in the treesB．the ducks in the river
C．the hat n the man’s headD．the music frm the saxphne
33．On Tny’s birthday, ________ gave him a saxphne as a present.
A．a famus musicianB．his parents
C．the man by the riverD．ne f his teachers
34．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．Tny had dreamt f becming a music teacher ne day.
B．Tny learned t play the saxphne by himself at hme.
C．Tny was influenced by the man playing the saxphne.
D．Tny ften remembered the life staying with his parents.
参考答案：
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么生活中最美好的东西都是向后的，并介绍了三种曲线。
1．细节理解题。根据“The trick t drwn-prfing is t actually let yurself sink t the bttm f the pl. Frm there, yu lightly push yurself ff the pl flr and carry yu back t the surface”可知，防溺水的诀窍就是让自己沉到泳池底部。从那里，你轻轻地把自己推离池底，然后把自己带回到水面。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“Ging after happiness takes yu further away frm need t be lved and accepted prevents us frm lving and accepting urselves”可推测出，当我们有精神需求时，倒曲线起作用。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“This is ‘The Backwards Law’: desiring a psitive experience is itself a negative experience; accepting a negative experience is a psitive experience”可知，这就是“逆向法则”：渴望积极体验本身就是消极体验；接受消极的经历就是积极的经历，由此可推测出，我们越想得到别人的尊重，别人就越不会尊重我们。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据“T shw it hw the nly way t reach the surface is by letting itself sink”和“Yu lean int the fear and uncertainty, and just when yu think yu’re ging t drwn, just as yu reach the bttm, it will launch yu back t yur salvatin (拯救)”可推测出，作者建议放弃这种为了得到我们渴望的东西而进行的努力和挣扎。故选C。
5．B
6．A
7．C
【导语】本文讲述了希瑟与她从小在那长大的房子道别，表达了依依不舍的惜别之情。
5．细节理解题。根据“Yu see, mnth by mnth, this place has been hard t repair, because it’s s ld. We have decided t mve huses.”可知，房子年久失修，因此他们决定搬家。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“The huse may nt have as many rms which we have here, but it has tw balcnies（阳台）, which have spectacular views!”可知，新房子有两个阳台，可以看到美丽的景色。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据“Dear huse, I have enjyed ur time here.”和“Yu have made my life mre special, with just yur presence in it.”可知，希瑟在房子里度过了美好时光，她觉得房子的存在让她的生活变得更加特别。也就是说，在她眼中，在房子里度过的那些难忘时光让她觉得非常有意义。故选C。
8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。
8．细节理解题。根据“An bservatin is the use f ne r mre f the five senses, which include seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and tasting”可知，观察是使用五种感官中的一种或多种，包括视觉、听觉、感觉、嗅觉和味觉。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据“Often, even when a hypthesis is disprved, much can still be learned during the experiment”可知，通常，即使假设被证明是错误的，在实验过程中仍然可以学到很多东西，故可推测出，科学家很可能从被推翻的假设中发现新的东西。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据“Using the spider hypthesis, a scientist may experiment by measuring spider webs in relatin t a spider’s size”和“If it was nt prven, the scientist may change the hypthesis t: The size f a spider des has n”以及“n the strength f its web”可知，此处表示，如果没有得到证实，科学家可能会把这个假设改为：蜘蛛的大小与它的网的强度没有关系，故此处的bearing表示“关系，关联”。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据“The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt. If the results supprt the hypthesis, a cnclusin can be written. If it des nt supprt the hypthesis, the scientist may chse t change the hypthesis r write a new ne based n what was learned during the experiment”可知，结论要么清楚地支持假设，要么不支持。如果结果支持假设，就可以写出结论。如果它不支持假设，科学家可能会选择改变假设，或者根据在实验中了解到的知识编写一个新的假设，故可推测出，结论包括实验结果或新的假设。故选D。
12．C
13．D
14．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何一起工作的技巧，重点在四个词，分别是准备、倾听、尊重和回应。
12．细节理解题。根据“Yu may be wrking tgether t cmplete a prject, make a decisin, discuss a bk, r achieve a gal”可知，你们可能在一起完成一个项目，做一个决定，讨论一本书，或者实现一个目标。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“Prepare”和“Research yur tpic”可知，如果你想有所准备，你应该研究一下你的主题。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据“ mst f the time I give them a thumbs up”和“Use encuraging bdy languages”可推测出，当你给他们点赞时，你在使用鼓励的肢体语言。故选B。
15．D
16．D
17．A
18．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种看待压力的方法。
15．细节理解题。根据“As students wrk thrugh the exercise themselves, they read infrmatin abut hw the brain builds n experience and hw the bdy uses stress——a fast-beating heart sends mre bld t the brain t help yu think”可知，当学生们自己做练习的时候，他们会读到关于大脑是如何建立在经验的基础上，以及身体如何利用压力的信息——快速跳动的心脏会向大脑输送更多的血液来帮助你思考。故可知，心态练习可以帮助你理解大脑是如何建立在经验之上的。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“The findings shw that this exercise appears t be able t change ur understanding f the wrld arund us and ur respnses t it”和“What’s mre, the exercise changed their bdy respnses fr the better, preparing the bdy t respnd t events as a challenge rather than a threat（威胁）”可知，这种练习似乎能够改变我们对周围世界的理解和我们对它的反应，并且这项运动使他们的身体反应变得更好，让身体做好应对挑战而不是威胁的准备。故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据“‘Difficulty and struggle are yur friends,’...‘Thse experiences dn’t feel gd in the mment, but it’s the path anyne wh became truly excellent at anything had t travel.’”可知，困难和奋斗是你的朋友并且这些经历在当时感觉并不好，但这是任何真正在任何领域变得优秀的人必须走过的道路，故可推测出，作者赞成困难是年轻人成长的一部分。故选A。
18．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种看待压力的方法。故选C。
19．B
20．C
21．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要说的是作者参加了山区高中为期四个月的青少年项目后的变化。
19．细节理解题。根据第三段“They knew that I was shy and I made friends slwly.”可知，他们知道我很害羞，我交朋友慢。父母之所以担心作者是因为她很害羞。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Sn I fund myself talking abut bks I enjyed reading. I started t relax.”可知，很快我发现自己在谈论我喜欢读的书。我开始放松。作者开始放松是在谈论喜欢读的书后。故选C。
21．推理判断题。根据最后一段“That was the wnderful thing abut a cmfrt zne: nce yu are ut f it, it desn’t take lng t find a new nrmal.”可知，这是舒适区的美妙之处：一旦你走出舒适区，很快就会找到新的常态。从她的经历中，作者了解了离开舒适区的喜悦。故选B。
22．A
23．A
24．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于冰球的历史、制作方式以及冰球的规则等。
22．词义猜测题。根据“They skate s fast and sht the puck with such frce”可知，他们滑得那么快，投冰球的力量如此之大。因此可以推测，几乎不可能跟上它。所以“keep track f”的意思相当于“fllw”。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“At large factries, wrkers mix rubber with a special material first. Next, they add carbn black t the mixture. Then, they pur the mixture int a mld（模具）and press it. After that, special lgs can be added t each side thrugh a step called silk screening.”可知，在大型工厂，工人们首先将橡胶与一种特殊材料混合。接下来，他们在混合物中加入炭黑。然后，他们将混合物倒入模具模具，并进行挤压。之后，通过一个叫做丝印的步骤，可以在每一面添加特殊的标识。可见，制作一个有标识的冰球需要四个步骤。选项A“制作有标志的冰球需要四个步骤。”表述是正确的。故选A。
24．标题归纳题。根据“Hwever, if yu watch an ice hckey game fr the first time, yu will prbably ntice that, unlike many sprts, there’s n ball.”可知，然而，如果你第一次观看冰球比赛，你可能会注意到，与许多其他运动不同的是，冰球没有球。以及下文对冰球的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了关于冰球的情况。选项B“了解冰球的一切”符合题意。故选B。
25．B
26．D
27．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要向家长介绍了帮助孩子培养新的爱好的方法，并给出了一些建议。
25．细节理解题。根据第一个格“It can prvide a gd way t wrk ut.”可知，它可以提供一种很好的锻炼方式。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一个格“Paper-flding is special. It helps t imprve yur kids’ hand-cntrlling and creative thinking skills.”可知，折纸是特别的。它有助于提高你的孩子的手控制和创造性思维能力。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“Are yu interested in helping yur kids take up a new hbby?”可知，你有兴趣帮助你的孩子培养新的爱好吗？这篇文章是写给家长的。故选C。
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．C
【导语】本文给出了一些改善睡眠的建议。
28．推理判断题。根据“Dn’t frget abut weekends! It is allwed t have an extra hur n Saturday, but yu are t be back n track fr Sunday. It will help yur bdy get used t this new rutine.”可知周六可以晚睡一小时，但周日需要回归正常，由此推出应该根据工作时间来调整睡眠时间。故选C。
29．主旨大意题。根据“I hpe these tips will help yu change yur sleep schedule.”及全文内容可知本文主要给出了一些改善睡眠的建议。故选B。
30．词义猜测题。根据“Turn ff laptps, TVs and ther surces f light in ur bedrm. These things send ut blue light which can cause wakefulness at night and break up the bdy’s natural inclinatin t sleep.”可知发出蓝光的东西耀光雕，是因为蓝光会破坏身体想要睡眠的强项，由此可知inclinatin t sleep意为“急于睡觉的状态”。故选A。
31．写作目的题。根据“I hpe these tips will help yu change yur sleep schedule.”及全文内容可知本文主要给出了一些改善睡眠的建议，由此推出作者写本文的目的是建议如何将清醒从睡眠中驱除。故选C。
32．D
33．B
34．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了托尼一直梦想着有一天会演奏萨克斯管，后来在他生日的时候他家人送给他萨克斯管作为生日礼物，他认真学习，最后可以在电视上演奏萨克斯管。
32．细节理解题。根据“As Tny walked with his family alng the river, he saw a man playing the saxphne by the river.”可知托尼沿着河边走的时候，他的注意力被萨克斯管的音乐吸引住了。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据“When he pened his present frm his parents, he was glad t find it was a saxphne!”可知托尼生日那天，他的父母送给他一个萨克斯管作为礼物。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据“When Tny’s family had already walked n up the river, he still lst his thught in the dream f playing the saxphne ne day.”及全文内容可知托尼受到了吹萨克斯管的人的影响，有了演奏萨卡斯管的梦想。故选C。
Gardening
Gardening nt nly allws yur kids t get their hands dirty but als makes them quiet. It can prvide a gd way t wrk ut.Yu dn’t even need t have an utdr space f yur wn, because cmmunity gardens will wrk just fine.
Bread-making
Bread-making is a hands-n activity. Kids get excited t make smething they like. Als, they learn sme simple cking skills. Mst imprtantly, yu get clser t yur kids while spending time ding smething fun.
Calligraphy书法
Chinese calligraphy is beautiful handwriting. It is dne with a special brush r pen. This hbby will imprve yur kids’ handwriting, hand-cntrlling skills and help them fcus better.
Paper-flding
Paper-flding is special. It helps t imprve yur kids’ hand-cntrlling and creative thinking skills. It als saves mney because there are a lt f vides nline t teach yur kids fr free.
Mst peple wh try drwn-prfing fail. Many f them panic and scream. But sme make it. And they d s because they understand a cunterintuitive (违反直觉的) lessn: the mre yu struggle t keep yur head abve water, the mre likely yu are t sink (下沉).
With yur arms and legs bund, it’s impssible t keep yurself at the surface fr the full five minutes. Even wrse, yur limited effrts t keep yur bdy aflat will nly cause yu t sink faster. The trick t drwn-prfing is t actually let yurself sink t the bttm f the pl. Frm there, yu lightly push yurself ff the pl flr and carry yu back t the surface. Once there, yu can have a quick breath f air and start the whle prcess ver again.
Strangely, surviving drwn-prfing requires n superhuman strength. It desn’t even require that yu knw hw t swim. Hwever, it requires the ability t nt swim. This skill—the ability t let g f cntrl when ne wants it mst—is ne f the mst imprtant skills anyne can develp. And nt just fr SEAL training. Fr life.
Mst peple suppse the relatinship between effrt and reward (回报、奖励) is ne-t-ne. We think that wrking twice as lng will prduce twice the results.
This is almst never true. Mst f the wrld des nt exist n a linear curve. Linear relatinships nly wrk fr mindless r repetitive tasks—driving a car, filling ut paperwrk, cleaning the bathrm, etc. In all f these cases, ding smething fr tw hurs will duble the utput f ding it fr ne hur. But that’s simply because they require n thught r creativity.
Mst activities in life d nt perate alng the linear effrt/reward curve because mst activities in life are nt basic nr mindless. Mst activities are cmplex (复杂的), mentally r emtinally invlved. Therefre, mst activities prduce a diminishing returns curve.
Diminishing returns means that the mre yu experience smething, the less rewarding it becmes. The classic example is mney. The difference between earning $20,000 and $40,000 is life-changing. The difference between $120,000 and $140,000 means yur car has nicer seat heaters. The difference between earning $127,020,000 and $127,040,000 is basically nthing.
Friendship has diminishing returns, as des eating, sleeping, wrking ut at the gym, reading bks, studying fr an exam—the examples are endless.
But there’s anther curve, the inverted curve, where effrt and reward have a negative relatin—the mre effrt yu put int ding smething, the mre yu will fail t d it.
Drwn-prfing exists n an inverted curve. The mre effrt yu put int rising t the surface, the mre likely yu will be t fail at it.
Few things in life wrk n an inverted curve. But the few things that d are imprtant. In fact, the mst imprtant experiences and gals in life all exist n an inverted curve.
Ging after happiness takes yu further away frm it. The lnging fr greater freedm is ften what causes us t feel stuck and trapped. The need t be lved and accepted prevents us frm lving and accepting urselves.
The harder we try t d smething, the less we shall succeed. This is “The Backwards Law”: desiring a psitive experience is itself a negative experience; accepting a negative experience is a psitive experience. The gal is t take yur mind and teach it t stp chasing its wn tail. T stp chasing meaning, freedm and happiness because thse nly serve t mve it further away frm itself. T shw it hw the nly way t reach the surface is by letting itself sink.
Yu lean int the fear and uncertainty, and just when yu think yu’re ging t drwn, just as yu reach the bttm, it will launch yu back t yur salvatin (拯救).
1．The key t survive drwn-prfing is t ________.
A．sink dwn and lift upB．have enugh practice
C．hld yur breath fr lngD．mve smartly underwater
2．What can we knw abut the three curves?
A．Linear curve shws the pssibility f success.
B．Diminishing returns tells us the less the better.
C．Inverted curve wrks when we have spiritual needs.
D．There is n direct link between the actin and the result.
3．Accrding t the three curves, which applicatin is prbably true?
A．The mre friends we have, the happier we will feel.
B．Cleaning wrks better in the first hur than the secnd.
C．Cnfidence increases when we try, and then stps increasing.
D．The mre we want respect frm thers, the less they will respect us.
4．The writer suggests that we shuld ________.
A．build mind pwer t live better
B．shape values fr psitive utcmes
C．give up struggle t gain what we desire
D．accept negativity because we are nt perfect
Once upn a time, there was a girl named Heather. She lved her hme. It was a big, tw-flred huse. She had lived there fr practically her whle life. “Heather, will yu please cme dwnstairs? I need t talk t yu abut smething imprtant.” Her mther said, frm dwnstairs. It was a chilly winter night. “Yes, mther!” Heather said, then came dwnstairs. “What’s up?” She asked her parents, sitting dwn n the sfa, beside them.
“Dear, I want t talk t yu abut smething imprtant. It’s abut this huse. Yu see, mnth by mnth, this place has been hard t repair, because it’s s ld. We have decided t mve huses.” Her mther said. Heather was shcked t hear this. “But, mther, it’s fine! I will dnate my mney t repair this huse! Please! Let’s nt mve!” she said, desperate t change her mther’s mind.
Befre her mther culd reply, she strmed upstairs t her rm. She sat n her bed and cried. “I dn’t want t shift! This huse isn’t all that ld!” After sme time, she lay dwn n her bed and slept.
The next day, at the breakfast, her mther sat dwn acrss frm her. “Heather, I prmise, yu will like yur new hme! Yu’ll be used t it befre yu knw it!” Her mther said, trying t make Heather feel better. “Ok. I hpe yu’re right.” Heather mumbled（咕哝）. “We will mve int an apartment, just 45 minutes away frm this huse. The huse may nt have as many rms which we have here, but it has tw balcnies（阳台）, which have spectacular views!” Her mther said excitedly.
Heather culd see that her mther was excited t mve. “That sunds prmising! Maybe I will like it there!” she said t her mther, trying t sund cheerful. “I’m sure yu will!” Her mther said.
Befre Heather knew it, Sunday had cme. Her packing was dne, and s was her parents’. She lked arund. Her huse was empty. It reminded her f the first time she stepped in it when she was abut 5 years ld. The huse was empty then, t. Nine years later, that mment repeated itself. She didn’t knw why, but this seemingly unimprtant mment was very heart-tuching fr her. She smiled. Heather went t every rm, saying her gdbyes.
“Dear huse, I have enjyed ur time here. But, nw it’s time fr me t leave. Dn’t be sad! We might meet smeday, again. Let us bth await it. I lve yu! Yu have made my life mre special, with just yur presence in it. I hpe yu wrk that magic f yurs n every future resident（住户）t live here. Gdbye!” She said t her huse.
5．Why did Heather’s parents want t mve t a new huse?
A．Because they had enugh mney t live there.
B．Because the ld huse was t ld t be repaired.
C．Because the new huse was clse t the wrk places.
D．Because they wanted t give a better future t Heather.
6．Which f the fllwing statements is true abut the new huse?
A．It had wnderful views with tw balcnies.
B．It was very big and had tw flrs inside.
C．It was nt far away frm Heather’s schl.
D．It was nly 5 years ld and still empty nw.
7．In Heather’s eyes, what is s meaningful in the ld huse?
A．The lng histry.
B．The prmising resident.
C．The unfrgettable mments.
D．The heart-tuching gdbyes.
The basic scientific methd includes the steps scientists use and fllw when trying t slve a prblem r prve r disprve a thery. The methds are used by scientists all ver the wrld.
There are usually fur steps which are a part f the scientific methd. The steps can appear in any rder, but the first step is usually bservatin. An bservatin is the use f ne r mre f the five senses, which include seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and tasting. The five senses are used t learn abut r identify an event r bject the scientist wants t study. Fr example, while bserving a spider, a scientist may bserve the pattern r size f the spider’s web.
The secnd step f the scientific methd is the questin being researched, the hypthesis. It is the questin that is turned int a statement abut an event r bject the scientist wuld like t research. A gd hypthesis includes three things: The explanatin fr the bservatins, it is able t be tested by ther scientists, and it will usually predict new utcmes r cnclusins (结论). The scientist bserving the spider building the web may have a questin abut the strength f the web. An example f the hypthesis might be: The larger the spider, the strnger the web. This hypthesis includes the explanatin fr the bservatin. It can be tested, and new cnclusins may be reached.
The third step f the scientific methd is the experiment. An experiment is a test which will either challenge r supprt the hypthesis. The hypthesis will then be true r false. Using the spider hypthesis, a scientist may experiment by measuring spider webs in relatin t a spider’s size. Often, even when a hypthesis is disprved, much can still be learned during the experiment. Fr example, while measuring the strength f spider webs, the scientist may discver smething new abut them.
The final step in the scientific methd is the cnclusin. The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt. If the results supprt the hypthesis, a cnclusin can be written. If it des nt supprt the hypthesis, the scientist may chse t change the hypthesis r write a new ne based n what was learned during the experiment. In the example, if the scientist prves that larger spiders build strnger webs, then that is the cnclusin. If it was nt prven, the scientist may change the hypthesis t: The size f a spider des has n bearing n the strength f its web.
The scientific methd is used fr simple experiments. Students may d in the classrm r difficult experiments being dne all ver the wrld. The spider experiment may be dne by any scientist in the wrld.
In summary, the scientific methd includes the steps scientists use t slve a prblem r t prve r disprve a thery. There are fur basic steps invlved with the scientific methd. The usual steps include bservatin, hypthesis, experiment, and cnclusin. The steps may nt always be cmpleted in the same rder. Fllwing the fur steps, the results f the experiment will either supprt the hypthesis r will nt supprt the hypthesis. Scientists are always free t change r write a new hypthesis and start the fur steps all ver again. The scientific methd is used fr simple experiments r fr mre difficult experiments.
8．Which f the steps in the scientific methd wuld a scientist use fr seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and tasting?
A．Cnclusin.B．Observatin.C．Experiment.D．Hypthesis.
9．Accrding t Paragraph 4, which f the fllwing statements is true?
A．Spiders and their webs are supplies in scientific experiments.
B．Measuring the size f spiders is the first step f the experiment.
C．Scientists are likely t discver smething new frm disprved hypthesis.
D．Hypthesis plays an imprtant rle in perfrming the experiment.
10．The underlined wrd “bearing” in Paragraph 5 prbably means ________.
A．relatinB．directinC．agreementD．cnditin
11．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Scientific methd shuld be used in fixed rder fr experiments.
B．Observatin can help scientists get ready fr new cnclusin.
C．Experiments are perfrmed in rder t prve the hypthesis is right.
D．Cnclusin includes the results f the experiment r new hypthesis.
Tips fr Hw t Wrk Tgether
There are many times in schl and beynd when yu will need t wrk with ther peple. Yu may be wrking tgether t cmplete a prject, make a decisin, discuss a bk, r achieve a gal.
N matter the situatin, there are fur wrds that will make yur experience f wrking tgether the best it can be: prepare, listen, respect, and respnd. Here are sme guidelines t get yu started.
12．Accrding t the passage, yu may be wrking tgether t ________.
A．play a gameB．take a trip
C．discuss a bkD．attend a class
13．If yu want t get prepared, yu shuld ________.
A．have an pen mindB．express yur views clearly
C．lk at peple as they speakD．research yur tpic
14．When yu give yur cwrker a thumbs up, yu ________.
A．respect thers’ cmmentsB．use encuraging bdy language
C．knw yur rle in the grupD．have sme questins t ask
Clse yur eyes. Try t bring back a memry f taking an exam in yur wrst subject with yur strictest teacher. Prbably yu remember lking at the paper, feeling yu didn’t knw any f the answers. Yur heart was beating surprisingly, yu think f that experience as all bad, a lng-lasting discmfrt.
But maybe it didn’t have t be that way. A paper in Nature reprts that a ne-time nline mindset exercise（思维模式训练）imprved the way yung peple thught abut stressful events and their uncmfrtable respnses（反应）. The exercise is based n tw mindsets: first, ability is nt fixed but can be imprved with effrt and supprt; secnd, bdy respnses t stress can be helpful. As students wrk thrugh the exercise themselves, they read infrmatin abut hw the brain builds n experience and hw the bdy uses stress——a fast-beating heart sends mre bld t the brain t help yu think. The exercise als suggests ways t succeed in stressful situatins, and it asks students t write abut what they might d differently next time.
Researchers invited thusands f high schl and cllege students t take the exercise. The findings shw that this exercise appears t be able t change ur understanding f the wrld arund us and ur respnses t it. Cmpared with thse wh didn’t take the exercise, students wh tk part thught abut stress differently, turning it int a way f energizing the mtivatin（激活动力）t achieve a gal. What’s mre, the exercise changed their bdy respnses fr the better, preparing the bdy t respnd t events as a challenge rather than a threat（威胁）.
“Difficulty and struggle are yur friends,” says Christpher Bryan, a scial psychlgist and ne f the researchers. “Thse experiences dn’t feel gd in the mment, but it’s the path anyne wh became truly excellent at anything had t travel.”
The exercise culd be put int further use. It culd be specially made fr athletes r ffice wrkers in the future. Once it has been fully tested, the exercise culd be ready fr use in high schls and clleges natinwide.
The researchers dn’t just want yung peple t rethink abut stress; they want adults t rethink abut yung peple. “Our studies suggest that we might nt teach yung peple that they are t weak t get ver difficulties, but that we might, instead, prvide them with resurces and guidance s that yung peple can shw their skills and creativity in dealing with big prblems,” they write in the paper.
15．Accrding t Paragraph 2, the mindset exercise may help yu ________.
A．frget abut yur stressful mments
B．find ways t slw dwn yur heartbeat
C．recrd what yu have been thrugh befre
D．understand hw the brain builds n experience
16．What can we learn abut the exercise?
A．It is nw helping teenagers natinwide.
B．It is especially helpful t ffice wrkers.
C．It aims t help teenagers get better grades.
D．It can change students’ respnses t events.
17．The writer wuld prbably agree that ________.
A．difficulties are part f grwth fr yung peple
B．mtivatin plays the key rle in achieving a gal
C．teenagers are t weak t get thrugh difficulties
D．adults shuld shw their skills and creativity first
18．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T questin the influence f stress.
B．T explain the imprtance f stress.
C．T intrduce a way t lk at stress.
D．T cmpare tw mindsets abut stress.
Last fall, I signed up fr a fur-mnth prgram fr teenagers in Muntain High Schl. I went there because hikes, art, and fields f crn sunded fun t me.
When I set ut in August, I hugged my parents’ gdbye. “See yu in December!” I said.
My parents ndded. They were wrried — I culd tell. It was because they knew me s well. They knew that I had truble reaching ut. They knew that I was shy and I made friends slwly.
My dad lked wrriedly at me and my mm’s vice shk as she said, “Yu’re ging t be just fine, baby girl.”
The first tw weeks were difficult. I made half-hearted small talks at meals, and I cried in the shwer. Fr me, being arund peple all the time was mre tiring than a five-mile race. I was ut f my cmfrt zne, and I culdn’t g back.
One day during the third week, I spent tw hurs cllecting crn with ne f my classmates. My feelings matched the darkening sky. I wanted t be alne. After a while, she asked, “Where are yu frm again?” Half an hur passed, “Hw many brthers r sisters d yu have?”
Finally, my classmate said the three magic wrds in the English language: I LOVE READING. Sn I fund myself talking abut bks I enjyed reading. I started t relax. A few bricks (砖) fell dwn frm my wall f shyness.
A few mre fell. I started t reach ut. The bricks fell and fell and fell. By the end f the prgram, I was ttally different. I ran thrugh the dining hall, I jumped n the chairs, I sang, and I made friends.
That was the wnderful thing abut a cmfrt zne: nce yu are ut f it, it desn’t take lng t find a new nrmal. When I arrived, peple tired me. When I left, I culdn’t stand leaving them.
19．The writer’s parents wrried abut her because ________.
A．she disliked the prgramB．she was always a shy girl
C．she feared t leave hmeD．she was a very slw reader.
20．The writer started t relax after ________.
A．calling her parents
B．running a hard race
C．talking abut bks
D．crying in the shwer
21．Frm her experience, the writer learned abut ________.
A．the benefits f living by neself
B．the jy f leaving a cmfrt zne
C．the value f having a new hbby
D．the imprtance f making friends
Frm ftball t vlleyball, “ball” is part f the sprt’s name in many cases. Hwever, if yu watch an ice hckey game fr the first time, yu will prbably ntice that, unlike many sprts, there’s n ball.
In ice hckey, it’s all abut the puck: the little rund black bject that flies arund the ice. As tw teams skate rapidly n the ice, they fight with sticks t get the puck int the net. They skate s fast and sht the puck with such frce that it’s almst impssible t keep track f it.
Hckey pucks are flat and rund. Made f black rubber, they are abut 7.62 centimeters acrss and 2.54 centimeters thick. Each puck weighs abut 170 grams. Have yu ever seen a hckey puck up clse? If s, yu’ve prbably nticed that there are raised patterns n the edge f the puck. A cmpletely smth puck wuld be hard t sht. The raised patterns give the hckey stick smething t hld nt when a player takes a sht.
The hckey puck first appeared in 1875, thugh it’s unclear wh actually invented it. Experts believe the first hckey puck was likely just a rubber ball cut in half. This prvided players with an bject with a flat side that wuld slide（滑行）acrss the ice.
Tday, hckey pucks are nly made in fur cuntries: Canada, Russia, China, and the Czech Republic. At large factries, wrkers mix rubber with a special material first. Next, they add carbn black t the mixture. Then, they pur the mixture int a mld（模具）and press it. After that, special lgs can be added t each side thrugh a step called silk screening. Abut 5,000 lged pucks can be made in a week.
Hckey pucks are really cl. They are kept frzen s that they slide n the ice and dn’t bunce（弹跳）arund. Once the players tie their ice skates, they’re ff running after the puck, which can reach speeds f up t 160 kilmeters per hur r mre!
22．The expressin “keep track f” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A．fllwB．cllectC．leadD．crss
23．What can we learn frm the passage? ________
A．It takes fur steps t prduce a lged puck.
B．The first hckey puck was a rund rubber ball.
C．The pucks are kept frzen t bunce arund the ice.
D．Raised patterns make it hard fr players t take shts.
24．Which f the fllwing culd be the best title f the passage? ________
A．Slide n the Ice with Pucks
B．Get t Knw All abut Pucks
C．Have Fun Playing Ice Hckey
D．Take a Clse Lk at Ice Hckey
Are yu interested in helping yur kids take up a new hbby? Here are sme ideas fr yu.
25．Gardening ________ .A．requires a private garden
B．prvides a gd way t wrk ut
C．teaches kids t save mney
D．helps kids keep their hands clean
26．What can imprve kids’ creative thinking skills? ________
A．Gardening.B．Bread-making.
C．Calligraphy.D．Paper-flding.
27．The passage is written fr________.
A．teachersB．studentsC．parentsD．visitrs
Yu shuld time yur meals, because a full stmach can be the reasn why yu can’t get t sleep at night. A light snack at bedtime can prmte (提升) sleep, but t much fd can cause digestive (消化的) discmfrt that leads t wakefulness. Mrever, yu’d better nt drink cffee r tea in the evenings. Any fd r drink that cntains caffeine can disturb (扰乱) sleep, especially if yu are sensitive t caffeine.
Peple’s bdy is easily influenced by light and darkness. Dctrs strngly suggest darkening the bedrm befre yu g t sleep. S, start frm turning dwn the lights in yur bedrm. Turn ff laptps, TVs and ther surces f light in ur bedrm. These things send ut blue light which can cause wakefulness at night and break up the bdy’s natural inclinatin t sleep. Mrever, clse yur curtains (窗帘) and blinds at night, s yu will be able t sleep calmly.
It’s imprtant t change yur sleep cycle gradually in rder t avid stress and different sleep disrders. The mst suitable way is t d it in 15-minute amunt f increase. If yu have t wake up earlier, try t fall asleep 15 minutes earlier each evening. It may be difficult t fall asleep at nce, take sme relaxing activities like a bubble bath. I think a few nights will be enugh fr yu t feel cmfrtable with the new schedule (时间表). Yu shuld stick t the same sleep and wake up schedule. Dn’t frget abut weekends! It is allwed t have an extra hur n Saturday, but yu are t be back n track fr Sunday. It will help yur bdy get used t this new rutine.
If yu have dne all pssible things t fall asleep and yu are still tssing and turning, yu shuld get up and start ding things yu have n time t d during the day. Dn’t trture (折磨) yurself! D smething lw-stress and bring until yu discver that yu are tired. As a rule, 30 minutes f bring activities will be enugh t bring yu back t bed. A gd night’s sleep is an indispensable (不可或缺的) part f yur life. It can refresh and restre yur bdy. I hpe these tips will help yu change yur sleep schedule.
28．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Sme bring activities can make it difficult t fall int sleep.
B．The blue light in the bedrm is helpful t get t sleep easily.
C．The sleep schedule shuld be changed accrding t wrk time.
D．Eating a light snack befre ging t bed culd be gd fr sleep.
29．What des the writer mainly tell us in the passage?
A．The advantages f carrying ut the sleep schedule every day.
B．Sme effective suggestins that can help t fall asleep in bed.
C．Several kinds f relaxing sprts shuld be taken befre sleep.
D．A few practical methds t save electrical energy in bedrms.
30．The phrase “inclinatin t sleep” in Paragraph 2 prbably means “________”.
A．state f being eager fr sleepB．steps f frming a sleep cycle
C．prcess f falling int sleepD．cnditins f sleeping in bed
31．What is the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T discuss the relatinship between sleep and health.
B．T intrduce the bad effects caused by sleep disrders.
C．T advise n hw t drive wakefulness away frm sleep.
D．T intrduce a suitable diet fr a gd night’s sleep.
The Pwer f Dream
As Tny walked with his family alng the river, he saw a man playing the saxphne (萨克斯管) by the river. The man was wearing a hat with a leather strap (皮带) arund his neck. At the same time, he was dancing with the beautiful music frm his saxphne. There was a large crwd f peple arund him. When Tny’s family had already walked n up the river, he still lst his thught in the dream f playing the saxphne ne day.
Tw weeks later, it was Tny’s birthday. When he pened his present frm his parents, he was glad t find it was a saxphne! He blew the muth f the saxphne and tried t play it, but the saxphne wuldn’t make a sund. Then his dad tld him t read the instrument bk t learn what t d. After abut 15 minutes, he raised it slwly t his lips (嘴唇) as his family watched. But still there was n sund. He blew and blew but he culdn’t get the saxphne t wrk. He was almst crying when suddenly the saxphne made the mst beautiful sund which made him think f the music f the man by the river. He blew again, he mved his fingers n the saxphne and he made mre sunds. Sme f them were lud and clear but many f them weren’t. He was happy because he was playing very interesting sunds. But he wasn’t able t play music with his saxphne.
Then he began t take lessns. His teacher taught him hw t play it. When he was learning, he always remembered the man playing the saxphne by the river. His skills f playing musical instrument were gradually imprved and at last he culd play music with his saxphne. Nw Tny is in the TV studi (播放室) with his saxphne strapped t his neck and his hat n his head. He is waiting t be called t the stage t play his first saxphne sl (独奏曲) n TV.
32．Tny’s attentin was drawn t ________ when he walked alng the river.
A．the singing f birds in the treesB．the ducks in the river
C．the hat n the man’s headD．the music frm the saxphne
33．On Tny’s birthday, ________ gave him a saxphne as a present.
A．a famus musicianB．his parents
C．the man by the riverD．ne f his teachers
34．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．Tny had dreamt f becming a music teacher ne day.
B．Tny learned t play the saxphne by himself at hme.
C．Tny was influenced by the man playing the saxphne.
D．Tny ften remembered the life staying with his parents.
参考答案：
1．A
2．C
3．D
4．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么生活中最美好的东西都是向后的，并介绍了三种曲线。
1．细节理解题。根据“The trick t drwn-prfing is t actually let yurself sink t the bttm f the pl. Frm there, yu lightly push yurself ff the pl flr and carry yu back t the surface”可知，防溺水的诀窍就是让自己沉到泳池底部。从那里，你轻轻地把自己推离池底，然后把自己带回到水面。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“Ging after happiness takes yu further away frm need t be lved and accepted prevents us frm lving and accepting urselves”可推测出，当我们有精神需求时，倒曲线起作用。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“This is ‘The Backwards Law’: desiring a psitive experience is itself a negative experience; accepting a negative experience is a psitive experience”可知，这就是“逆向法则”：渴望积极体验本身就是消极体验；接受消极的经历就是积极的经历，由此可推测出，我们越想得到别人的尊重，别人就越不会尊重我们。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据“T shw it hw the nly way t reach the surface is by letting itself sink”和“Yu lean int the fear and uncertainty, and just when yu think yu’re ging t drwn, just as yu reach the bttm, it will launch yu back t yur salvatin (拯救)”可推测出，作者建议放弃这种为了得到我们渴望的东西而进行的努力和挣扎。故选C。
5．B
6．A
7．C
【导语】本文讲述了希瑟与她从小在那长大的房子道别，表达了依依不舍的惜别之情。
5．细节理解题。根据“Yu see, mnth by mnth, this place has been hard t repair, because it’s s ld. We have decided t mve huses.”可知，房子年久失修，因此他们决定搬家。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“The huse may nt have as many rms which we have here, but it has tw balcnies（阳台）, which have spectacular views!”可知，新房子有两个阳台，可以看到美丽的景色。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据“Dear huse, I have enjyed ur time here.”和“Yu have made my life mre special, with just yur presence in it.”可知，希瑟在房子里度过了美好时光，她觉得房子的存在让她的生活变得更加特别。也就是说，在她眼中，在房子里度过的那些难忘时光让她觉得非常有意义。故选C。
8．B
9．C
10．A
11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。
8．细节理解题。根据“An bservatin is the use f ne r mre f the five senses, which include seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, and tasting”可知，观察是使用五种感官中的一种或多种，包括视觉、听觉、感觉、嗅觉和味觉。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据“Often, even when a hypthesis is disprved, much can still be learned during the experiment”可知，通常，即使假设被证明是错误的，在实验过程中仍然可以学到很多东西，故可推测出，科学家很可能从被推翻的假设中发现新的东西。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据“Using the spider hypthesis, a scientist may experiment by measuring spider webs in relatin t a spider’s size”和“If it was nt prven, the scientist may change the hypthesis t: The size f a spider des has n”以及“n the strength f its web”可知，此处表示，如果没有得到证实，科学家可能会把这个假设改为：蜘蛛的大小与它的网的强度没有关系，故此处的bearing表示“关系，关联”。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据“The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt. If the results supprt the hypthesis, a cnclusin can be written. If it des nt supprt the hypthesis, the scientist may chse t change the hypthesis r write a new ne based n what was learned during the experiment”可知，结论要么清楚地支持假设，要么不支持。如果结果支持假设，就可以写出结论。如果它不支持假设，科学家可能会选择改变假设，或者根据在实验中了解到的知识编写一个新的假设，故可推测出，结论包括实验结果或新的假设。故选D。
12．C
13．D
14．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何一起工作的技巧，重点在四个词，分别是准备、倾听、尊重和回应。
12．细节理解题。根据“Yu may be wrking tgether t cmplete a prject, make a decisin, discuss a bk, r achieve a gal”可知，你们可能在一起完成一个项目，做一个决定，讨论一本书，或者实现一个目标。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据“Prepare”和“Research yur tpic”可知，如果你想有所准备，你应该研究一下你的主题。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据“ mst f the time I give them a thumbs up”和“Use encuraging bdy languages”可推测出，当你给他们点赞时，你在使用鼓励的肢体语言。故选B。
15．D
16．D
17．A
18．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种看待压力的方法。
15．细节理解题。根据“As students wrk thrugh the exercise themselves, they read infrmatin abut hw the brain builds n experience and hw the bdy uses stress——a fast-beating heart sends mre bld t the brain t help yu think”可知，当学生们自己做练习的时候，他们会读到关于大脑是如何建立在经验的基础上，以及身体如何利用压力的信息——快速跳动的心脏会向大脑输送更多的血液来帮助你思考。故可知，心态练习可以帮助你理解大脑是如何建立在经验之上的。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“The findings shw that this exercise appears t be able t change ur understanding f the wrld arund us and ur respnses t it”和“What’s mre, the exercise changed their bdy respnses fr the better, preparing the bdy t respnd t events as a challenge rather than a threat（威胁）”可知，这种练习似乎能够改变我们对周围世界的理解和我们对它的反应，并且这项运动使他们的身体反应变得更好，让身体做好应对挑战而不是威胁的准备。故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据“‘Difficulty and struggle are yur friends,’...‘Thse experiences dn’t feel gd in the mment, but it’s the path anyne wh became truly excellent at anything had t travel.’”可知，困难和奋斗是你的朋友并且这些经历在当时感觉并不好，但这是任何真正在任何领域变得优秀的人必须走过的道路，故可推测出，作者赞成困难是年轻人成长的一部分。故选A。
18．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种看待压力的方法。故选C。
19．B
20．C
21．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要说的是作者参加了山区高中为期四个月的青少年项目后的变化。
19．细节理解题。根据第三段“They knew that I was shy and I made friends slwly.”可知，他们知道我很害羞，我交朋友慢。父母之所以担心作者是因为她很害羞。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Sn I fund myself talking abut bks I enjyed reading. I started t relax.”可知，很快我发现自己在谈论我喜欢读的书。我开始放松。作者开始放松是在谈论喜欢读的书后。故选C。
21．推理判断题。根据最后一段“That was the wnderful thing abut a cmfrt zne: nce yu are ut f it, it desn’t take lng t find a new nrmal.”可知，这是舒适区的美妙之处：一旦你走出舒适区，很快就会找到新的常态。从她的经历中，作者了解了离开舒适区的喜悦。故选B。
22．A
23．A
24．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了关于冰球的历史、制作方式以及冰球的规则等。
22．词义猜测题。根据“They skate s fast and sht the puck with such frce”可知，他们滑得那么快，投冰球的力量如此之大。因此可以推测，几乎不可能跟上它。所以“keep track f”的意思相当于“fllw”。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“At large factries, wrkers mix rubber with a special material first. Next, they add carbn black t the mixture. Then, they pur the mixture int a mld（模具）and press it. After that, special lgs can be added t each side thrugh a step called silk screening.”可知，在大型工厂，工人们首先将橡胶与一种特殊材料混合。接下来，他们在混合物中加入炭黑。然后，他们将混合物倒入模具模具，并进行挤压。之后，通过一个叫做丝印的步骤，可以在每一面添加特殊的标识。可见，制作一个有标识的冰球需要四个步骤。选项A“制作有标志的冰球需要四个步骤。”表述是正确的。故选A。
24．标题归纳题。根据“Hwever, if yu watch an ice hckey game fr the first time, yu will prbably ntice that, unlike many sprts, there’s n ball.”可知，然而，如果你第一次观看冰球比赛，你可能会注意到，与许多其他运动不同的是，冰球没有球。以及下文对冰球的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了关于冰球的情况。选项B“了解冰球的一切”符合题意。故选B。
25．B
26．D
27．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要向家长介绍了帮助孩子培养新的爱好的方法，并给出了一些建议。
25．细节理解题。根据第一个格“It can prvide a gd way t wrk ut.”可知，它可以提供一种很好的锻炼方式。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据最后一个格“Paper-flding is special. It helps t imprve yur kids’ hand-cntrlling and creative thinking skills.”可知，折纸是特别的。它有助于提高你的孩子的手控制和创造性思维能力。故选D。
27．推理判断题。根据“Are yu interested in helping yur kids take up a new hbby?”可知，你有兴趣帮助你的孩子培养新的爱好吗？这篇文章是写给家长的。故选C。
28．C
29．B
30．A
31．C
【导语】本文给出了一些改善睡眠的建议。
28．推理判断题。根据“Dn’t frget abut weekends! It is allwed t have an extra hur n Saturday, but yu are t be back n track fr Sunday. It will help yur bdy get used t this new rutine.”可知周六可以晚睡一小时，但周日需要回归正常，由此推出应该根据工作时间来调整睡眠时间。故选C。
29．主旨大意题。根据“I hpe these tips will help yu change yur sleep schedule.”及全文内容可知本文主要给出了一些改善睡眠的建议。故选B。
30．词义猜测题。根据“Turn ff laptps, TVs and ther surces f light in ur bedrm. These things send ut blue light which can cause wakefulness at night and break up the bdy’s natural inclinatin t sleep.”可知发出蓝光的东西耀光雕，是因为蓝光会破坏身体想要睡眠的强项，由此可知inclinatin t sleep意为“急于睡觉的状态”。故选A。
31．写作目的题。根据“I hpe these tips will help yu change yur sleep schedule.”及全文内容可知本文主要给出了一些改善睡眠的建议，由此推出作者写本文的目的是建议如何将清醒从睡眠中驱除。故选C。
32．D
33．B
34．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了托尼一直梦想着有一天会演奏萨克斯管，后来在他生日的时候他家人送给他萨克斯管作为生日礼物，他认真学习，最后可以在电视上演奏萨克斯管。
32．细节理解题。根据“As Tny walked with his family alng the river, he saw a man playing the saxphne by the river.”可知托尼沿着河边走的时候，他的注意力被萨克斯管的音乐吸引住了。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据“When he pened his present frm his parents, he was glad t find it was a saxphne!”可知托尼生日那天，他的父母送给他一个萨克斯管作为礼物。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据“When Tny’s family had already walked n up the river, he still lst his thught in the dream f playing the saxphne ne day.”及全文内容可知托尼受到了吹萨克斯管的人的影响，有了演奏萨卡斯管的梦想。故选C。
Gardening
Gardening nt nly allws yur kids t get their hands dirty but als makes them quiet. It can prvide a gd way t wrk ut.Yu dn’t even need t have an utdr space f yur wn, because cmmunity gardens will wrk just fine.
Bread-making
Bread-making is a hands-n activity. Kids get excited t make smething they like. Als, they learn sme simple cking skills. Mst imprtantly, yu get clser t yur kids while spending time ding smething fun.
Calligraphy书法
Chinese calligraphy is beautiful handwriting. It is dne with a special brush r pen. This hbby will imprve yur kids’ handwriting, hand-cntrlling skills and help them fcus better.
Paper-flding
Paper-flding is special. It helps t imprve yur kids’ hand-cntrlling and creative thinking skills. It als saves mney because there are a lt f vides nline t teach yur kids fr free.
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