2021乐山高二下学期期末英语试题含解析

这是一份2021乐山高二下学期期末英语试题含解析，文件包含四川省乐山市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末英语试题含解析docx、四川省乐山市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末英语试题无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。

乐山市高中2023届教学质量检测
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后面有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18.
答案是B。
1. Why is the man’s phone broken?
A. The battery died. B. It has water damage. C. He dropped it on the ground.
2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student.
3. What is the weather like now?
A. It’s raining. B. It’s cloudy. C. It’s sunny.
4. Who did the car washing?
A. The garage. B. Tom and Peter. C. The man.
5. How docs the man feel about Mary’s test result?
A. Worried. B. Confused. C. Sorry.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman make the phone call?
A. To book a table. B. To make an order. C. To apply for a part-time job.
7. What will the woman do at 2:30 in the afternoon?
A. Attend a class. B. Meet the manager. C. Work in a restaurant.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where was the boy that morning?
A. In the classroom. B. In the art museum. C. At Ms. Green’s house.
9. What did Ms. Green think about the boy’s painting?
A. It was boring. B. It was strange. C. It was pleasing.
10. What is the topic of the conversation?
A. An oil painting. B. A famous artist. C. An art lesson.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How did Jane get interested in boxing?
A. She once saw it on TV.
B. Her parents encouraged her to do it.
C. Her teacher said it could help keep fit.
12. What is the most important as a top boxer according to Jane?
A. Pretty good skills.
B. Great physical condition.
C A very quick brain.
13. When will Jane have her next fight?
A. At the end of May. B. In early April. C. In late February.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What does the woman do over the phone?
A. Complain about the hotel service.
B. Arrange an important meeting.
C. Order a full English breakfast.
15. How does the man feel?
A. Apologetic. B. Angry. C. Uninterested.
16. What will the man probably do next?
A. Eat his breakfast. B. Go to the kitchen. C. Wait by the phone.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When docs the speaker usually go to a movie with friends?
A. On weekends. B. On weekdays. C. During holidays.
18. How docs the speaker learn about a movie?
A. By seeing it herself.
B. By cheeking the film reviews.
C. By talking to her friends.
19. What might the speaker do if the tickets are sold out?
A. Steal in without a ticket.
B. Go back home and watch TV.
C. Buy a ticket for the next show.
20. What does the speaker like to do while watching a movie?
A. Eat popcorn. B. Talk to others. C. Put her feet up.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Hit the Sauna (桑拿) Instead of the Gym
A Coventry University study reports that sitting in a sauna for at least 30 minutes three times a week is as beneficial as hiking or riding a bike. It raises your body temperature, increases your heart rate, and helps keep your blood sugar at normal levels. Over time, this may lower your risk of type 2 diabetes, dementia, and heart disease.
Lower Stress with the Help of a Friend
According to a University of Illinois study, women are likely to turn to a caring female friend to talk about a problem, which successfully lowers their stress. And this strategy can help man as well. So the next time you feel stressed, call a friend. It might help you feel better, short-term and long.
Tai Chi reduces belly fat
A Hong Kong study found that Tai Chi (太极) reduces belly fat as effectively as conventional exercise. Since excess belly fat is linked to heart disease and type 2 diabetes, doing Tai chi can have some important health benefits.
Exercise builds bones and protects against cancer
A British study has found that people who suffer from osteoporosis — a condition that causes bones to become delicate and break easily could benefit from exercising more. Exercising accelerates (加快) the formation of new bone cell tissue and removal of old. Many hospitals recommend exercise for up to 150 minutes a week, as it increases energy and strength while reducing pain and anxiety.
1. What’s the benefit of turning to a friend?
A. Lowering the risk of diabetes. B. Reducing heart attack.
C. Keeping blood pressure. D. Relieving anxious emotions.
2. How does exercise help build bones?
A. By growing new bone cell tissue.
B. By increasing energy and reducing anxiety.
C. By breaking down the old and fragile bones.
D. By speeding up the turnover of old and new cells.
3. What are the four mini paragraphs about?
A. New treatment options for certain diseases. B. Major breakthroughs in medicine.
C. New findings in how to keep healthy. D. Advice on the frequency of exercise.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍保持身心健康的四个新发现。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“According to a University of Illinois study, women are likely to turn to a caring female friend to talk about a problem, which successfully lowers their stress.”(根据伊利诺伊大学的研究，女性往往会向女性知心朋友求助，探讨问题，这么做能够减缓她们的压力。)可知，向朋友求助有利于减缓压力，也就是缓解焦虑的情绪。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“Exercising accelerates (加快) the formation of new bone cell tissue and removal of old.”(运动加快形成新的骨组织和清除旧的骨组织。)可知，运动主要是通过加快细胞的更新来促进骨骼生长的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。结合全文，以及四个小标题“Hit the Sauna (桑拿) Instead of the Gym”(去桑拿馆而非健身房)、“Lower Stress with the Help of a Friend”(在朋友的帮助下减压)、“Tai Chi reduces belly fat”(太极减少腹部脂肪)和“Exercise builds bones and protects against cancer”(运动促进骨骼生长和预防癌症)可知，本文分别讲了保持健康的四个新发现，这四个发现分别来自考文垂大学的研究、伊利诺伊大学的研究、香港的一项研究以及英国的一项研究。故选C项。
B
Two “stolen” notebooks written by Charles Darwin were returned to Cambridge University, nearly 22 years after they went missing. The notebooks included the scientist’s famous Tree of Life sketch(草图) and were believed to have been taken in November 2000. Both notebooks were returned to the library in their original file boxes, and included a printed message which read, “Librarian — Happy Easter... X”.
Speaking to the BBC, Cambridge University’s librarian Dr Jessica Gardner said she felt “joyous” at their return. Initially, librarians had thought the notebooks had been misplaced by staff. After various checks through the years, head librarian Dr Gardner eventually reported the notebooks as stolen to the police in 2020.
Dr Gardner was also worried that the notebooks might have taken a lifetime or longer to come back. “I thought it might take years. My sense of relief at the notebooks’ safe return is profound and almost impossible to adequately express. I was heartbroken to learn of their loss and my joy at their return is immense.”
“There have been tears,” she added. “And I think there still will be, because we are not over the emotional roller coaster. It means so much to us to have these home.”
According to Dr Gardner, Cambridge University Libraries will be pulling the notebooks on display this summer, as part of the upcoming exhibition Darwin In Conversation, which opens oil July 9.
4. Who “stole” the notebooks?
A. A library staff member. B. A scientist researching Darwin.
C. Dr Jessica Gardner. D. Someone we don’t know.
5. We can learn from the first paragraph that ______.
A. the police found the “thief” from the message
B. the notebooks were damaged to some degree
C. the notebooks are very valuable documents
D. the notebooks were “stolen” during the Easter
6. What does Dr Gardner think of the return of the notebooks?
A. It’s thrilling and risky. B. It’s hard but worthwhile.
C. It’s unexpected while joyful. D. It’s sceptical and unbelievable.
7. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Notebooks that Reflects Charles Darwin’s Genius
B. Darwin’s Notebooks Found in Cambridge University
C. Charles Darwin’ Notebooks Returned after 22 Years
D. Darwin In Conversation, an Exhibition You Can’t Miss
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述消失22年的达尔文笔记本被归还给剑桥大学。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Both notebooks were returned to the library in their original file boxes, and included a printed message which read, ‘Librarian — Happy Easter... X’.(这两本笔记本都被放回了原来的文件箱，里面印着一条信息，上面写着：‘馆长，复活节快乐……X’)”可知，文章没有提及归还者的姓名，所以不知道是谁盗走了笔记本。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“The notebooks included the scientist’s famous Tree of Life sketch(草图) and were believed to have been taken in November 2000.(这些笔记本包括这位科学家著名的《生命进化树》草图，据说是在2000年11月盗走的)”可知，被盗的笔记本是非常宝贵的文件。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Speaking to the BBC, Cambridge University’s librarian Dr Jessica Gardner said she felt ‘joyous’ at their return.(剑桥大学图书管理员essica Gardner博士在接受BBC采访时表示，她对它们的回归感到‘高兴’)”及第三段中“Dr Gardner was also worried that the notebooks might have taken a lifetime or longer to come back.(Gardner博士还担心，这些笔记本可能要花上一辈子甚至更长的时间才能找回来)”可知，Gardner博士对于笔记本的回归感到高兴又意外。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“Two ‘stolen’ notebooks written by Charles Darwin were returned to Cambridge University, nearly 22 years after they went missing.(查尔斯·达尔文的两本‘被盗’笔记本在失踪近22年后被归还剑桥大学)”可知，本文主要讲述消失22年的达尔文笔记本被归还给剑桥大学。故选C项。
C
The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day (室外运动会) in elementary school.
Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special shame of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different.
In the Softball Throw (女子棒球) event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. I put it down to my first coach, my father. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.
Once I got to sixth grade, the entire students were assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, increasing my competitive fever. However, in girls’ sports games at my school. I was no star. During the weekends at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did.
Magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercise every day, a sweaty body building practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym. So, though it shocked some of our friends, the early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, which was considered essential even on vacation.
I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m considered, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.
8. What does the author mean by saying “being picked last for various gym teams” in paragraph 2?
A. She seemed to have little talent in gym games. B. She had to interest in sports.
C. She joined various groups. D. She was tired of competition.
9. Which is closest in meaning to “put it down to” in paragraph 3?
A. Owe it to. B. Pass it on to.
C. Hand it over to. D. Show it off to.
10. What can we infer from paragraph 4&5?
A. She developed an interest in reading magazine.
B. Sports gradually became part of her life.
C. Sports game had influenced her marriage a lot.
D. She didn’t like competitive sports.
11. Which of the following statements would the author agree?
A. Reading comes second to Sports. B. Life’s foundation all lies in sports.
C. Girls’ sports are not competitive. D. Sports enriches life as well as books.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者在第一次尝到体育比赛胜利的滋味后爱上了运动，运动成为其生活的一部分，丰富了自己的生活。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句“Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special shame of being picked last for various gym teams.”（因为我年纪小，而且我更多是一个书虫，而非运动爱好者，所以我遭受了特别的侮辱，即我是各类体育队挑剩的。）可知，作者在各种体育队中最后被选中，说明她似乎在体育方面没有什么天赋。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。A. Owe it to归功于；B. Pass it on to传递给；C. Hand it over to交给；D. Show it off to向……炫耀。划线短语的前文“In the Softball Throw (女子棒球) event, I got my first taste of sporting victory.”（女子棒球比赛中，我第一次尝到了体育比赛胜利的滋味。）提到作者取得了棒球比赛的胜利；后文“He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch.”（他给我们所有人买了棒球手套和棒球帽，在温暖的日子里，我们一起玩接球游戏。）讲的是作者父亲曾给作者及家里人买了棒球装备并一起玩棒球，由此推测，作者棒球比赛取得胜利主要归功于父亲带着作者他们玩棒球，所以“put it down to”的意思与“owe it to”的意思最为接近。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的最后一句“So, though it shocked some of our friends, the early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, which was considered essential even on vacation.”（所以，尽管这让一些朋友感到震惊，但是我早期打下的体育基础逐渐发展为注重体育健身，即使度假时仍然十分重要。）可知，即使在度假期间，体育健身也十分重要，说明体育逐渐成为了她生活中的一部分。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的最后一句“So, though it shocked some of our friends, the early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, which was considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m considered, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.”（所以，尽管这让一些朋友感到震惊，但是我早期打下的体育基础逐渐发展为注重体育健身，即使度假时仍然十分重要。）和第六段“I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I’m considered, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.”（我仍旧喜欢阅读和艺术。我觉得能够同时涉足这两个领域能够让我的生活过得最为多姿多彩。）可知，作者觉得同时涉足阅读和艺术与运动两大领域是能够让生活过得丰富多彩的，说明作者会认为，运动和书籍一样，能够丰富自己的生活。故选D项。
D
Scientists have discovered a common household item is the perfect host for bacteria: the kitchen sponge (海绵块). According to the new research, a sponge is a better habitat for diverse bacterial communities than a laboratory petri dish.
Some bacteria prefer living with a collection of microbial species, while others prefer solitude. “Bacteria are just like people living through the pandemic — some find it difficult being set apart while others thrive (繁育),” says study co author Lingchong You, a professor of biomedical engineering at Duke, in a statement.
In their study, researchers distributed different strains of E. coli (大肠杆菌菌株) onto plates with different numbers of wells, which functioned as physical separation. The large wells allowed microbial species to mix freely, while the small wells let species keep to themselves. After 30 hours, they looked at the number and types of bacterial on each plate, which had anywhere from six to 1, 536 wells. The scientists found that a moderate level of physical separation, similar to the structure of a kitchen sponge, allowed both kinds of bacteria — those that live in groups and those that live alone — to thrive.
After the researchers ran their initial experiments, they recreated the experiment on a sponge. They found that the bacterial community growing on a kitchen sponge was more diverse than those produced in laboratory petri dishes, which are designed to host bacteria. “Sponges are not really well-suited for kitchen cleanness.” says Markus Egert, a microbiologist at Furtwangen University. “There’s hardly any sterile surface at home, but the kitchen sponge is probably the most thickly populated item at home.”
To keep bacterial growth to a minimum (最小量), Markus recommends microwaving your kitchen sponge for one to two minutes, keeping it away from raw meat, and replacing it every couple of weeks.
12. What does the underlined word “solitude” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Being alone. B. Growing in the soil.
C. Being in air. D. Living in groups
13. Why is a sponge a better host for bacteria according to paragraph 3?
A. It mixes microbial species to a different level.
B. Its moderate holey structure maintains both kinds of bacteria.
C. It offers a high level of nutrients to bacteria.
D. It allows bacteria communities to keep to themselves.
14. What can we learn from Markus Egert’s words?
A. Raw meat is a major source of bacteria.
B. The sponge is a necessity in every kitchen.
C. The sponge should be removed from the kitchen.
D. Bacteria can grow on almost every item at home.
15 What’s the purpose of writing the passage?
A. To urgently call for kitchen cleanness.
B. I o explain how we easily fall victim to bacteria.
C. To call on people to abandon kitchen sponges.
D. To report kitchen sponge is a better home for bacteria.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述研究表明，厨房用品海绵是细菌的完美宿主。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词所在句中的while表示对比，结合划线词前“Some bacteria prefer living with a collection of microbial species(有些细菌喜欢与一群微生物物种生活在一起)”可知，有些细菌喜欢与一群微生物物种生活在一起，结合画线单词所在句子中while可知，前后是对比关系，有些细菌喜欢与一群微生物物种生活在一起，然而其他的喜欢独处，所以划线单词solitude意为“独处”。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The scientists found that a moderate level of physical separation, similar to the structure of a kitchen sponge, allowed both kinds of bacteria—those that live in groups and those that live alone—to thrive.(科学家们发现，适度的物理隔离，类似于厨房海绵的结构，可以让两种细菌——群居和独居的细菌——茁壮成长)”可知，海绵是细菌更好的宿主，是因为其适度的孔洞结构使两种细菌都能生存。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中Markus Egert说的话“There’s hardly any sterile surface at home(家里几乎没有无菌的表面)”可知，细菌几乎可以在家里的每一件物品上生长，故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“Scientists have discovered a common household item is the perfect host for bacteria: the kitchen sponge(海绵块).”可知，文章主要讲述了一项研究结果，厨房用品海绵是细菌的完美宿主，文章目的是阐述这一信息。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Resilience means “doing well in the face of risk or adversity (逆境)”. Being resilient isn’t about avoiding misfortune, but rather how we respond to it. Even if you consider yourself resilient, you may need some guidance in especially hard times. ____16____.
Develop relationships. Connecting with empathetic (用同理心的) and understanding people can remind you that you’re not alone in the midst of difficulties. ____17____. When adversity strikes, a supportive friend with good listening skills can make a big difference. And if you want your friends and family to support your resilience, remember to support theirs too.
____18____. It’s hard to be positive when life isn’t going your way. An optimistic view empowers you to expect that good things will happen to you. Try imagining what you want, rather than worrying about what you fear. Along the way, note any subtle ways in which you start to feel better as you deal with difficult situations.
Move toward your goals. ____19____. Even if it seems like a small accomplishment, it enables you to move toward the things you want to accomplish. Instead of focusing on tasks that seem unachievable, ask yourself, “What’s one thing I know I can accomplish today that helps me move in the direction I want to go?”
Don’t try to ban misfortune completely. ____20____. But our reactions to big problems may be informed partly by the many smaller setbacks we face in daily life. Everyday stress probably helps us learn how to handle bigger challenges and gradually improve our adaptive systems.
A. Find a sense of purpose
B. Maintain a hopeful outlook
C. Develop some realistic goals and do something regularly
D. How you think can play a significant part in how you feel
E. To build resilience, the experts suggest the following
F. Set up and maintain a support network before you need it
G. Resilience usually refers to how we handle serious adversity
【答案】16. E 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了韧性的作用以及如何建立韧性。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Being resilient isn’t about avoiding misfortune, but rather how we respond to it. Even if you consider yourself resilient, you may need some guidance in especially hard times.” (韧性意味着在风险或困难面前做得很好。有韧性不是避免不幸，而是我们如何应对它。即便你认为自己有韧性，在特别困难的时候，你可能也需要更强大的力量。)”可知，上文提到了什么是韧性，韧性是关于我们如何应对困难的，即使我们有韧性，在特别困难的时候也需要一些引导，结合后文介绍了建立韧性的方法，故E项“为了建立韧性，专家们提出了以下建议”符合语境，承上启下。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据本段主旨句“Develop relationships.(发展人际关系)”以及“上文Connecting with empathetic(用同理心的) and understanding people can remind you that you’re not alone in the midst of difficulties. (与有同理心的和通情达理的人交往可以提醒你，在困难中你并不孤单。)”可知，本段的主旨建立人际关系，通过朋友来建立韧性，与有同理心的和通情达理的人在一起可以让你感觉面对困难不孤单，F选项中“Set up and maintain a support network”对应上文中“Connecting with empathetic(用同理心的) and understanding people”。故F项“在你需要它之前，建立和维护一个支持性的网络”符合语境。故选F。
【18题详解】
空处为段落标题。根据下文“It’s hard to be positive when life isn’t going your way. An optimistic view empowers you to expect that good things will happen to you. Try imagining what you want, rather than worrying about what you fear. Along the way, note any subtle ways in which you start to feel better as you deal with difficult situations.(当生活不顺的时候，你很难保持乐观。乐观的观点让你期待好事会发生在你身上。试着想象你想要什么，而不是担心你害怕什么。在这个过程中，当你处理困难的情况时，注意任何微妙让你开始感觉更好的方式。 )”可推断，本段建议在很难保持乐观的情况下，保持积极的展望，注意让自己感觉好一点的方法，因此本段应是建议保持充满希望的展望。故B项“保持充满希望的展望”符合语境。故选B。
【19题详解】
根据段落标题“Move toward your goals.(朝着目标前进)”可知，本段讲述与目标有关，下文“Even if it seems like a small accomplishment, it enables you to move toward the things you want to accomplish. Instead of focusing on tasks that seem unachievable, ask yourself, ‘What’s one thing I know I can accomplish today that helps me move in the direction I want to go?’(即使它看起来是一个小成就，它能让你朝着你想要完成的事情前进。与其把注意力集中在那些看起来无法完成的任务上，不如问问自己：“我知道今天我能完成的一件事能帮助我朝着我想要的方向前进的事情是什么?”)”讲述要把注意力放在可以向着你的目标前进的小事情上，不要把注意力集中在无法完成的不切实际的事情上，C项“realistic goals”呼应下文，因此推断C项“制定一些现实的目标，并定期做一些事情”符合语境，故选C。
20题详解】
根据下文“But our reactions to big problems may be informed partly by the many smaller setbacks we face in daily life. Everyday stress probably helps us learn how to handle bigger challenges and gradually improve our adaptive systems.(然而，我们对大问题的反应可能部分取决于我们在日常生活中面临的许多小挫折。每天的压力可能会帮助我们学习如何应对更大的挑战，并逐步改善我们的适应系统。)”中的but可知，空处与后文构成转折关系，后文讲述我们在日常生活中每天面临的是一些小挫折，因此推断空处讲述韧性通常指的是我们如何处理严重的逆境。故G项“韧性通常指的是我们如何处理严重的逆境”符合语境，故选G。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have seen the extraordinary impact volunteers have on patient care. They go about their work quietly, but often we ____21____ how important they are, forgetting there is a ____22____ aspect just as important as biological’s.
I remember an elderly woman who broke her hip, ____23____ to walk. Yet what ____24____ her most was her dog at home, alone, without any food. From a medical perspective, this wasn’t a ____25____. Yet for the ____26____, she wouldn’t have been able to ____27____ on getting better until she knew her dog was looked after. Then the volunteer ____28____ in the sickroom and reassured that he would ____29____ everything. He checked on the dog, fed him and ____30____ to find a foster home (寄养家庭) for it. It allowed the patient ____31____ of mind on physical recovery.
When I was 18 and had just started ____32____ school, I too volunteered. I had volunteered thinking that I would help others but ____33____, it helped me. On my first day I met an elderly woman who had just been ____34____ with terminal cancer. I’d never met anyone who was dying and didn’t know what to say or how to ____35____. But over the ____36____ of many weeks, we ____37____ a close friendship. In the later six months, she taught me more about life and ____38____ than six years at medical school ever could.
At such a young age, she had a ____39____ impact on me. Yes, it was sad when she died. But more than anything, it was a heart warming, uplifting and fulfilling ____40____, which changed me for the better.
21. A. overlook B. suggest C. realize D. compare
22. A. cultural B. physical C. social D. financial
23. A. unsure B. unable C. unwilling D. unlikely
24. A. touched B. impressed C. pleased D. depressed
25. A. concern B. promise C. doubt D. risk
26. A. patient B. nurse C. doctor D. assistant
27. A. depend B. focus C. take D. hold
28. A. relaxed B. waited C. stepped D. lived
29. A. cover B. repair C. clean D. sold
30. A. needed B. managed C. seemed D. hoped
31. A. silence B. mess C. struggle D. peace
32. A. public B. official C. medical D. special
33. A. actually B. totally C. personally D. originally
34. A. associated B. blamed C. replaced D. diagnosed
35. A. avoid B. act C. follow D. contact
36. A. study B. exercise C. course D. interview
37. A. gave up B. failed in C. knocked on D. struck up
38. A. faith B. death C. regret D. devotion
39. A. general B. serious C. profound D. temporary
40. A. lesson B. effort C. trial D. experience
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了作者对于志愿者工作的看法以及自己从事志愿者的经历和体会。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们安静地工作，但我们经常忽略他们的重要性，忘记了他们在社交方面和生理方面一样重要。A. overlook忽视；B. suggest建议；C. realize意识到；D. compare比较。根据后文“how important they are, forgetting there is a”可知指忽略志愿者的重要性。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们安静地工作，但我们经常忽略他们的重要性，忘记了他们在社交方面和生理方面一样重要。A. cultural文化的；B. physical身体的；C. social社交的；D. financial经济的。根据后文“aspect just as important as biological’s”可知，志愿者对病人的重要性和作用，除了体现在生理方面，应该还体现在社交方面，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我记得一位老妇人髋部骨折，无法行走。A. unsure不确定的；B. unable不能的；C. unwilling不情愿的；D. unlikely不可能的。根据上文“an elderly woman who broke her hip”可知，一位老妇人髋部骨折，无法行走。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，最让她沮丧的是她的狗独自在家，没有任何食物。A. touched触动；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. pleased取悦；D. depressed使沮丧。根据后文“her most was her dog at home, alone, without any food”可知，她的狗独自在家，没有任何食物，因为担心，这最让她沮丧。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从医学角度来看，这不是重要的事情。A. concern（对人、组织等）重要的事情；B. promise承诺；C. doubt怀疑；D. risk风险。老妇人担心她的狗，所以从医学角度来看，于疾病而言，这不是重要的事情。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于这位病人来说，直到她知道她的狗被照顾好了，她才能够专注于好转。A. patient病人；B. nurse护士；C. doctor医生；D. assistant助手。根据上文“an elderly woman who broke her hip”可知老妇人是病人。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，对于这位病人来说，直到她知道她的狗被照顾好了，她才能够专注于好转。A. depend取决于；B. focus集中；C. take带走；D. hold持有。根据后文“on getting better”和“physical recovery”可知，指老妇人专注于养病，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后这位志愿者走进病房，保证他会处理好一切。A. relaxed放松；B. waited等；C. stepped踏；D. lived居住。根据后文“in the sickroom”可推知，此处指志愿者走进病房。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后这位志愿者走进病房，保证他会处理好一切。A. cover覆盖；B. repair修理；C. clean清理；D. sold出售。根据后文“He checked on the dog, fed him”可知，志愿者保证他会处理好狗的一切，cover everything表示“面面俱到”。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他检查了那只狗，喂它，并设法为它找到了一个寄养家庭。A. needed需要；B. managed设法；C. seemed似乎；D. hoped希望。根据后文“to find a foster home for it”指设法为狗找到寄养家庭，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它让病人在身体恢复的时候安心。A. silence沉默；B. mess混乱；C. struggle挣扎；D. peace平静，和平。根据前文“老妇人担心她的狗”和后文“of mind on physical recovery”可知，志愿者的行为让病人在身体恢复的时候安心。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我18岁刚上医学院的时候，我也做过志愿者。A. public公众的；B. official官方的；C. medical医学的；D. special特别的。结合后文“at medical school ever could”可知作者是学医的。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我曾经想过我会帮助别人，但实际上，它帮助了我。 A. actually实际上；B. totally完全；C. personally个人；D. originally起初。根据后文“it helped me”可知，帮助别人的行为实际上帮助了作者。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来的第一天，我遇到了一位刚刚被诊断为癌症晚期的老太太。A. associated联系；B. blamed责备；C. replaced取代；D. diagnosed诊断。根据后文“with terminal cancer”指被诊断为癌症晚期。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未遇到过这样快死去的人，却不知道该说什么，该怎么做。A. avoid避免；B. act行动；C. follow跟随；D. contact联系。根据上文“didn’t know what to say or how to”指作者没有遇见过这种情况，不知道该说什么，该怎么做。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但几个星期过去了，我们建立起了亲密友谊。A. study学习；B. exercise锻炼；C. course课程，过程；D. interview采访。根据后文“of many weeks”此处指许多星期的相处过程，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但几个星期过去了，我们建立起了亲密的友谊。A. gave up放弃；B. failed in失败；C. knocked on敲击；D. struck up建立。根据后文“a close friendship”指建立起了友谊。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在后来的六个月里，她教给我的关于生与死的知识比在医学院六年学到的还要多。A. faith信念；B. death死亡；C. regret后悔；D. devotion奉献。根据上文“life and”此处指生与死，故选B。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我如此年轻时候，她对我产生了深远的影响。A. general普遍的；B. serious严肃的；C. profound深刻的；D. temporary暂时的。老太太教会了作者很多关于生与死的知识，对作者影响深远。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是，这是一个温暖的心、令人振奋和充实的经历，它改变了我，让我变得更好。A. lesson课程；B. effort努力；C. trial试验；D. experience经历。照顾这位老太太是作者的一次志愿者经历。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Apart from athletes, a grand sports event is hard to hold ____41____(smooth) without volunteers. More than 19.000 volunteers are on duty ____42____(serve) the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games, who ____43____(honor) as “heroes behind the scenes.” The Beijing Winter Olympics are ____44____ world’s first multi-sport event to be held as scheduled since the outbreak of COV1D-19, so the organization and operation of the Games required highly ____45____(profession) “heroes” behind the scenes.
During the thrilling events, many warm and friendly interactions between volunteers and athletes have been shared ____46____ international social media platforms. One example is a video posted by US athlete Tessa Maud, in which she said she was moved to ____47____(tear) by a volunteer who greeted her at the opening ceremony of the Olympics. The video has been widely spreading online and ____48____(receive) over 90,000 views on Sina Weibo.
Since the opening of the Beijing Olympic Winter Games, many stories like this have passed on warmth, friendship and solidarity. Many of the athletes said that they really enjoyed and appreciated ____49____ they had experienced in China and that the thing they loved most was counting the ____50____(smile) volunteers who waved at them. Let us give these volunteers a thumbs-up and a round of applause.
【答案】41. smoothly
42. to serve
43. are honored
44. the 45. professional
46. on 47. tears
48. has received
49. what 50. smiling
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了2022年背景冬奥会的幕后英雄——志愿者。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：除了运动员，一场盛大的体育赛事如果没有志愿者就很难顺利举行。修饰动词hold应用副词形式。故填smoothly。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：超过1.9万名志愿者为北京2022年冬奥会服务，他们被誉为“幕后英雄”。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to serve。
【43题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：超过1.9万名志愿者为北京2022年冬奥会服务，他们被誉为“幕后英雄”。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，who引导定语从句，who替代先行词volunteers在从句中作主语，表示复数意义，且和动词honor之间是被动关系，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用are。故填are honored。
【44题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：北京冬奥会是新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来世界上第一个如期举办的多项目赛事，因此，奥运会的组织和运营需要高度专业的幕后“英雄”。空后有序数词first，此处应用定冠词，故填the。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：北京冬奥会是新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来世界上第一个如期举办的多项目赛事，因此，奥运会的组织和运营需要高度专业的幕后“英雄”。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词heroes，professional专业的。故填professional。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：在激动人心的比赛过程中，志愿者和运动员之间的许多热情友好的互动在国际社交媒体平台上被分享。“在社交媒体平台”用介词on，固定搭配，故填on。
【47题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：其中一个例子是美国运动员Tessa Maud发布的一段视频，她在视频中说，在奥运会开幕式上，一名志愿者向她打招呼，她被感动得流下了眼泪。be moved to tears“感动得流泪”，固定短语，故填tears。
【48题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这段视频在网上广泛传播，在新浪微博上获得了超过9万的阅读量。此处是and连接的并列谓语动词，前一个谓语动词使用的是现在完成进行时，结合句意可知此处指“在新浪微博上已经获得了超过9万的阅读量”，此处用现在完成时，主语主语The video是名词单数，助动词用has，故填has received。
【49题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：许多运动员表示，他们非常享受和感激在中国的经历，他们最喜欢的事情是数那些微笑着向他们挥手的志愿者。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“在中国经历的事情”，应用what引导。故填what。
【50题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：许多运动员表示，他们非常享受和感激在中国的经历，他们最喜欢的事情是数那些微笑着向他们挥手的志愿者。动词smile和volunteers之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填smiling。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（˄），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均只限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last weekend, our class went to Guangming Nursing Home and do some voluntary work. Upon our arrive, we were warmly welcomed by the elderly people. At first, we presented them to flowers and fruits. Then, we started working at once, cleaning the windows or sweeping the floor. Everything done, we sat in the yard chat with the elderly people. When it was time for us to leave, the elderly people thanked us for their kindness. They said it was so a beautiful day that they would remember it forever.
Tiring as we were. we thought it was meaningful and unforgettable experience. What we did brought joy to others and enriched our own lives as well as.
【答案】1.do→did
2.arrive→arrival/arriving
3.to→with
4.or→and
5.chat→chatting
6.their→our
7.so→such
8.Tiring→Tired
9.在meaningful前加a
10.删除as
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者的班级上周末去敬老院做志愿工作的经历。
【详解】1.考查一般过去时。句意：上周末，我们班去光明敬老院做一些志愿工作。根据时间状语Last weekend可知，此处是讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故将do改为did。
2.考查名词/动名词。句意：我们一到，就受到老年人的热烈欢迎。upon是介词，应用名词arrival作宾语，也可用动名词作介词宾语，our是动名词的逻辑主语，故将arrive改为arrival/arriving。
3.考查介词。句意：首先，我们送给他们鲜花和水果。present sb with sth把某物送给某人，固定搭配，故将to改为with。
4.考查连词。句意：然后，我们马上开始工作，擦窗户并扫地。cleaning the windows和sweeping the floor是并列关系，不是选择关系，应用and连接，故将or改为and。
5.考查现在分词。句意：一切都做好了，我们坐在院子里和老人聊天。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词sat，chat应用非谓语形式，chat和逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故将chat改为chatting。
6.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：当我们要离开的时候，老人感谢我们的善良。结合句意可知，此处指“老人感谢我们的善良”，应用形容词性物主代词our，故将their改为our。
7.考查结果状语从句。句意：他们说这是如此美好的一天，他们将永远记住。a beautiful day是名词短语，应用such修饰，so是副词，修饰形容词，故将so改为such。
8.考查形容词。句意：虽然我们很累，但我们认为这是一次有意义的和难忘的经历。此处是让步状语从句的倒装结构，主语we指人，应用tired作表语，tiring修饰物，不符合题意。故将Tiring改为Tired。
9.考查不定冠词。句意：虽然我们很累，但我们认为这是一次有意义的和难忘的经历。experience在此处作可数名词，此处泛指“一次有意义的和难忘的经历”，应用不定冠词，故在meaningful前加a。
10.考查固定短语。句意：我们所做的给别人带来了快乐，也丰富了我们自己的生活，此处指“也”，用固定短语as well，as well as意为“和，以及”，用于连接并列成分。故删除as。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 假定你是李华，是你校某学生社团负责人。最近，外国友人将参观你校，希望了解你校学生社团活动情况。请你准备一段本社团的简要介绍，内容包括：
1. 你负责社团的基本信息；
2. 该社团发展情况；
3. 该社团开展的活动。
注意：1. 词数100词左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Let me introduce our English club , which takes learning and using English as the carrier to learn music and learn to play.Our club was founded in 1990 and expanded from 30 members to 300 members .
Our English club provides us with the following activities,such as, early reading class,English corner and competitions.By talking with foreign teachers, students can exchange feelings, experience different tastes, experience foreign customs, and improve English communication level. Besides,you can learn funny and humorous performances, improve your stage performance.We will also regularly play movies for members to learn English in a relaxing and pleasant atmosphere. Students are fond of it and it is popular with students.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国友人介绍你校学生社团活动情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
把……当作是……： take...as→regard...as/treat...as
此外：besides → what’s more
比赛：competition→match
喜欢：be fond of→ be attached to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Students are fond of it and it is popular with students.
拓展句：Students are so fond of it that it is popular with students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
Let me introduce our English club , which takes learning and using English as the carrier to learn music and learn to play.Our club was founded in 1990 and expanded from 30 members to 300 members .（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We will regularly play movies for members to learn English in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语）
听力答案：1-5 B A B A C 6-10 C A B A C 11-15 A B C A A 16-20 B A B C A