专题 13 阅读理解：推理判断题 --备考高考二轮英语复习讲练测

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备考2023年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--测
（解析版）

考试时间：60分钟
Passage 1 (2022届东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟)
Take a gd lk at the American burying beetle(甲虫)Once fund in 35 states, the insect is assessed by the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature as critically endangered. Like the tiger, the American burying beetle has range and black stripes(条纹); like the tiger, the beetle is declining in number. The tiger is an instantly recgnizable symbl f species preservatin, but mst peple aren’t familiar with the beetle.
This difference is an example f the dminatin f the s-called celebrity species—the fascinating creatures that nnprfits and gvernment agencies use t raise public interest in cnservatin. Mst nnprfit funds fr animal prtectin g t species such as apes, elephants, big cats, rhincerses, and giant pandas. Tigers are ften rated the mst ppular animal—and India, hme t the majrity f these big cats, spent mre than 49 millin n tiger cnservatin alne in 2019. Meanwhile, many lesser knwn species f fish, reptiles, amphibians, and birds weaken in namelessness. Wrldwide, mre than 35, 500 plant and animal species are n the edge f disappearing frever.
This leaves us with a tugh situatin. Cnservatin is underfunded, s hw d we decide which species t save?
One ptential slutin, the debatable idea f cnservatin triage(检伤分类), hlds that experts need t quickly decide which species can be saved while realizing that thers can’t be saved. Cnservatinists have develped analytical tls t apprach the questin in a less emtinal, mre practical way. Fish and Wildlife Service nw uses this knapsack (背包)methd—inspired by a hiker’s need t fit the mst valuable items int a small space—t get the “mst bang fr their buck” in saving species. The methd calculates the mst efficient cnservatin strategies using factrs such as csts t recver a species and its likelihd f ging extinct.
8．What des the first paragraph serve t the whle passage?
A．T prpse a definitinB．T intrduce the tpic
C．T reach a cnclusinD．T present an argument
9．What is the authr’s attitude t the lesser knwn species?
A．Cncerned.B．Unclear.
C．OptimisticD．Indifferent.
10．What des the underlined part in the last paragraph prbably mean?
A．Damage t the envirnment.B．Hard wrk fr a gal.
C．Best value fr mney.D．Mst fun frm the hike.
11．What will the authr prbably talk abut in the fllwing paragraph?
A．Causes f sme animals’ endangerment.
B．Other methds f deciding which species t save.
C．The authrities’ rle in reasnable use f funds.
D．An appeal t save the American burying beetle.
【答案】8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国际自然保护联盟在美国35个州发现了一种昆虫，并将其列为极度濒危物种，并针对如何拯救这些濒危物种进行讨论。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“The tiger is an instantly recgnizable symbl f species preservatin, but mst peple aren’t familiar with the beetle.(老虎是人们一眼就能认出的物种保护的象征，但大多数人对这种甲虫并不熟悉。)”结合本段可知，本段主要是在介绍一种最新发现的濒危动物——甲虫，所以本段是为了引出本文话题。故选B项。
9．推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句“Meanwhile, many lesser knwn species f fish, reptiles, amphibians, and birds weaken in namelessness. Wrldwide, mre than 35, 500 plant and animal species are n the edge f disappearing frever.(与此同时，许多不太为人所知的鱼类、爬行动物、两栖动物和鸟类也因无法命名而变得脆弱。在世界范围内，超过35500种动植物物种正处于永远消失的边缘。)”可推知，作者对于那些不太为人所知的动物是很关心和担忧的。故选A项。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线处前文“inspired by a hiker’s need t fit the mst valuable items int a small space (灵感来自于一个徒步旅行者需要把最有价值的东西放进一个小空间)”可推知，划线处的意思大致为要把价值最大化，最大效益，而C项“Best value fr mney.(物有所值，价值最大化)”与之意思相近。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“Cnservatin is underfunded, s hw d we decide which species t save? (保护资金不足，那么我们如何决定拯救哪些物种呢?)”和最后一段第一句的“One ptential slutin……(一种可能的解决方案……)”可推知，文章接下来会继续介绍其他的决定拯救哪些物种的方法。故选B项。
Passage 2 ( 2023届江西省南昌市高三零模英语试题 )
Tina Levertn was 62 when she bught her first pair f ballet shes. She said putting her feet int the sft leather was very emtinal. She said: “I’ve waited a lng time fr it.”
A few days later, Levertn tk her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It shwed lder wmen dancing in a class near Levertn’s huse. “As I came in the dr, I fund a big smile n my face. Frm the minute I started, I felt like cming hme.”
Levertn had lnged t dance as a child. Sadly, her parents culdn’t affrd ballet classes, fr they were first-generatin Indian immigrants, struggling t make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver n the undergrund in Lndn and her mther held tw cleaning jbs. Nnetheless, she harbured her dream f being a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员).
At her present age, a grand plie-lwering t the flr with bent knees-seemed t be ut f the questin. It tk her three mnths t master the mve: leaping and landing n ne ft. ”I lve the struggle and the challenge f learning smething new. Peple in their 60s have a lt f self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t d it,’ ‘I’m nt gd enugh.’ And maybe they’re nt gd enugh. But it desn’t matter,” she said.
Ballet has been transfrmative. At a medical appintment a few mnths after Levertn’s first class, a nurse measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thught. She attributes (归因) the difference t imprved psture. Her muscle tne has imprved and her lwer back pain has stpped. Dancing has als brught new friends. She met a grup f lder, mre independent wmen and wrked tgether twards a team award with the Ryal Academy f Dance. And then, f curse, there is the jyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,” said Levertn.
4．Hw did Levertn feel after taking her dance lessn?
A．Tired.B．Cnfused.C．Shcked.D．Thrilled.
5．Why didn’t Levertn learn t dance she was yung?
A．Her family was badly ff.B．She wasn’t able t leap high.
C．Her family laughed at her dream.D．She had t fcus n classes.
6．What did dancing bring t Levertn?
A．A team award.B．Mney and fame.
C．Friendship and jy.D．A medical treatment.
7．What can we learn frm Levertn’s stry?
A．Hard wrk pays ff.B．Never t ld t pursue dreams.
C．Interest is the key t success.D．Mney isn’t everything.
【答案】4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蒂娜·莱弗顿因为年少时家里比较贫穷，所以无法实现她的舞蹈梦。62岁时她开始学习芭蕾舞，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是她坚持了下来，而且芭蕾舞给她带来了很多的变化。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句话“As I came in the dr, I fund a big smile n my face. Frm the minute I started, I felt like cming hme.(当我进门时，我发现脸上露出了笑容。从我开始的那一刻起，我就感觉像回家了)”可推知，莱弗顿上第一节芭蕾舞课时感觉很兴奋。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句话“Sadly, her parents culdn’t affrd ballet classes, fr they were first-generatin Indian immigrants, struggling t making a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver n the undergrund in Lndn and her mther held tw cleaning jbs. (可悲的是，她的父母负担不起芭蕾舞课，因为他们是第一代印度移民，在英国艰难谋生。她的父亲是伦敦地铁的火车司机，母亲做过两份清洁工作)”可知，莱弗顿小时候家境贫寒，父母的收入也不高，所以导致她小时候不能学跳舞。故选A。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段第五句话“Dancing has als brught new friends. (跳舞也带来了新朋友)”以及倒数第二句话“And then, f curse, there is the jyful feeling.(当然，还有快乐的感觉)”可知，芭蕾舞给莱弗顿带来了很多的朋友和乐趣。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，62岁时莱弗顿开始学习跳芭蕾舞，虽然遇到了一些困难，但是她坚持了下来，而且芭蕾舞给她带来了很多的变化。她交了很多新朋友，而且从种获得了很多的乐趣。由此可推知，我们可以从莱弗顿的故事中学到“追求梦想永远不会太老”的道理。故选B。
Passage 3 (2023届粤湘鄂名校联盟高三上学期第一次联考英语试题)
It is lunchtime. At a lng table inside a restaurant, sme yung peple sit tgether ver lunch. There is less cnversatin than yu might expect frm a typical grup f friends: a by seems t talk nly t himself, and a girl lks anxius.
These yung peple met thrugh a prgram rganized by the nnprfit Actinplay, where yung peple with autism wrk tgether t write and stage a musical. Each Sunday, they wrk and have lunch tgether. “Yu meet ther peple just like yu,” says Lexi Spindel. “That was the first time my daughter had a friend,” says Lexi’s father. “That never happened befre Actinplay.”
Fr decades, scientists have suppsed peple with autism dn’t have r need friends. A new research is frcing a rethink f thse lng-held beliefs. Autistic peple reprt they want friends. One significant barrier t friendships is cmmn peple’s pinin that autistic peple are nt interested in cnnecting with them. Appearing uninterested, hwever, is nt always the same as being uninterested. An autistic child lking uninterested in games may in fact be vercme by the nise. And behavirs like clapping hands repeatedly are a way t manage their anxiety and uncertainty, nt a sign f their lw scial interest.
Fr sme autistic peple, friendships develp thrugh experimental prgrams. In a prgram Lerner develped, participants play a game called Gibberish. where teenagers must interpret each ther’s intentins withut using real language. The pint is nt t get it right. but t attend t what the ther persn is ding in a way that creates pprtunities t cnnect.
Lerner’s ideas were inspired by a mment 16 years ag after he established a small camp fr children with autism called Sptlight. On the secnd day an l1-year-ld by ran up and pulled his clthes. “Lerner, Lerner, where did yu find these kids?”
“All ver the place,” Lerner answered. “Everyne wants t cme t camp, just like yu.”
“This is the first nrmal grup f kids I have never met.” the by said.
12．The scene in paragraph 1 is described t ________.
A．reveal the lack f an interpersnal cnversatin
B．prve the difficulty in reducing teenage anxiety
C．stress the great necessity f frming friendships
D．shw the different behavir f a particular grup
13．What is Actinplay aimed at?
A．Curing yung peple f autism.B．Develping autistic peple’s taste in art.
C．Offering autistic peple a scial platfrm.D．Imprving yung peple’s family relatinship.
14．What can we infer frm paragraph 3?
A．Autistic peple have n intentin t make friends.
B．Nise sets barriers t autistic peple’s views n games.
C．Repetitive mvements make autistic peple feel secure.
D．Cmmn beliefs cause autistic peple’s lw scial interest.
15．What des the underlined sentence imply?
A．He feels at ease with his autistic fellws.
B．He n lnger regards himself as an autistic kid.
C．Lerner’s guidance helps him get ut f autism.
D．Autistic kids dn’t lng t scialize with nrmal nes.
【答案】12．D 13．C 14．C 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了非营利组织Actinplay为自闭症患者提供一个社交平台，来让他们彼此发展友谊。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“It is lunchtime. At a lng table inside a restaurant, sme yung peple sit tgether ver lunch. There is less cnversatin than yu might expect frm a typical grup f friends: a by seems t talk nly t himself, and a girl lks anxius.(午餐时间。餐厅里的一张长桌上，一群年轻人坐在一起吃午饭。在一群典型的朋友中，谈话可能比你想象的要少：男孩似乎只跟自己说话，女孩看起来焦虑不安)”可推知，第1段中的场景被描述是为了展示一个特定群体的不同行为。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段中“These yung peple met thrugh a prgram rganized by the nnprfit Actinplay, where yung peple with autism wrk tgether t write and stage a musical.(这些年轻人是通过非营利组织Actinplay组织的一个项目认识的，在这个项目中，患有自闭症的年轻人一起创作和上演音乐剧)”以及第四段中“Fr sme autistic peple, friendships develp thrugh experimental prgrams. (对一些自闭症患者来说，友谊是通过实验项目发展起来的)”可知，Actinplay的目标是为自闭症患者提供一个社交平台。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段中“And behavirs like clapping hands repeatedly are a way t manage their anxiety and uncertainty, nt a sign f their lw scial interest. (而像反复拍手这样的行为是一种控制他们的焦虑和不确定性的方式，而不是他们社交兴趣低的标志)”可推知，重复的动作让自闭症患者有安全感。故选C。
15．句意猜测题。根据倒数第三段中“Lerner’s ideas were inspired by a mment 16 years ag after he established a small camp fr children with autism called Sptlight.( Lerner的想法是受到16年前一个时刻的启发，当时他为自闭症儿童建立了一个名为“聚焦”的小营地)”以及倒数第二段中“Everyne wants t cme t camp, just like yu. (每个人都想来露营，就像你一样)”可知，营地里都是自闭症儿童，所以小男孩问Lerner在哪里找到这些孩子的，是因为他和这些自闭症伙伴在一起很自在，故画线句表明“他和他的自闭症伙伴在一起很自在”。故选A。
Passage 4 (2023届浙江省杭州第二中学新高三上学期适应性测试英语试题)
Althugh it is a business nt many are aware f, sidewalk rbts are set t becme an industry with annual sales f $Ibn within a decade, reckns IDTechEx, a British firm f analysts. These fur-r six-wheeled autnmus machines, usually the size f a suitcase, are already delivering grceries and ther gds in America, China and Eurpe.
That puts them ahead f many driverless cars, vans and lrries being develped. Thse bigger vehicles are held back nt by technlgy but regulatin, says Zeha Li f IDTechEx. S having a "safety driver" n bard ready t take ver if there is a prblem, which is hardly labr-saving.
Fr these larger cntraptins regulatrs want t see safety systems thrughly prved. But there are legal hurdles, t. In January Britain's Law Cmmissin, which reviews legislatin, recmmended that it shuld nt be the persn in the driver's seat wh faces prsecutin if a vehicle in autnmus mde crashes, but the manufacturer r bdy that sught apprval fr its use.
Meanwhile, sidewalk rbts are getting n with the jb. Amng them, Starship Technlgies, based in San Francisc, reckns it has already clcked up mre than 2.5m deliveries with bts in a number f cities, university campuses and business parks in Eurpe and America. Amazn is carrying ut trials with a similar srt f machine it calls Scut. Kiwibt, a Clmbian startup, is making sidewalk deliveries in Califmia.
Typically, these rbts carry a few bags f grceries using a variety f sensrs, including cameras, radar and GPS t navigate and avid bstacles and peple. Their prgress can be mnitred n a phne app, which als unlcks them fr gds t be retrieved. As they are small. mve slwly(Starship's bts might reach a heady 6kph) and are "telemnitred" by peple in a cntrl rm wh can take ver, authrities seem mre willing t give them a green light.
Such rbts are als becming mre autnmus. In January Serve Rbtics, anther San Franciscan firm whse backers include Uber, a ride-hailing giant, said it had deplyed a new sidewalk bt with "level 4"autnmy, which means it can perate withut telemnitring in sme predesignated areas.
Rbtic versins which perate n rads but have n driver's cab are als appearing. Nur, a Silicn Valley firm, makes ne abut the size f a small car that can carry 24 bags f grceries. It has chilled and heated cmpartments fr fd and drinks. Further alng the rad in earning their keep, these delivery bts are helping t pave the way fr the time when bigger autnmus vehicles can jin them.
8．What can we learn frm paragraph ne?
A．Sidewalk rbts are prtable like a suitcase.
B．In the past decade, Ibn dllars have been invested int industry.
C．The delivery industries f the US, China and Eurpe are dependent n sidewalk rbts.
D．The industry f sidewalk rbt is expanding unknwingly.
9．Accrding t the passage, wh shuld be respnsible fr autmatic driving car accidents?
A．Safety drivers seated in the driver's seat.
B．Every passenger except the driver.
C．Organizatins supprtive f autnmus mde.
D．Manufacturers and bdies seeking apprval fr using safety drivers.
10．What des the underlined phrase in paragraph fur mean?
A．reachedB．designed
C．bughtD．invented
11．Which f the fllwing statements is NOT true accrding t the passage?
A．Amazn is using Scut t deliver grceries fr peple.
B．If grceries are wrngly delivered, rbts can take them back.
C．Sme rbts may deliver grceries with n ne telemnitring them.
D．Bth cld and ht fd can be preserved inside a sidewalk rbt develped by Nur.
【答案】8．D 9．C 10．A 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人行道上的自动用货机器人的应用、发展以及意义。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话“Althugh it is a business nt many are aware f, sidewalk rbts are set t becme an industry with annual sales f $Ibn within a decade, reckns IDTechEx, a British firm f analysts. （英国分析公司IDTechEx估计，尽管人行道机器人是一个没有多少人意识到的行业，但它将在十年内成为一个年销售额为10亿美元的行业。）”可推知，人行道机器人这个行业在没有人过多关注的情况下不断的扩张。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段第三句话“In January Britain's Law Cmmissin, which reviews legislatin, recmmended that it shuld nt be the persn in the driver's seat wh faces prsecutin if a vehicle in autnmus mde crashes, but the manufacturer r bdy that sught apprval fr its use.（今年1月，负责审查立法的英国法律委员会建议，如果自动驾驶模式下的车辆发生碰撞，将面临起诉的不应是驾驶座上的人，而应是寻求批准其使用的制造商或机构。）”可知，如果自动驾驶模式下发生车祸，那么负责人的应该是寻求批准其使用的制造商或机构。故选C。
10．短语猜测题。根据划线短语后面的部分“mre than 2.5m deliveries with bts in a number f cities, university campuses and business parks in Eurpe and America（在欧洲、美国的一些城市、大学校园和商业园区多于250万辆机器人被交付使用）”可知，其中，总部位于旧金山的星际科技公司估计，在欧洲、美国的一些城市、大学校园和商业园区，已经有超过250万辆机器人被交付使用。所以clcked up的意思为“达到”。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句话“Amazn is carrying ut trials with a similar srt f machine it calls Scut. （亚马逊正在使用一种类似的机器进行试验，该机器被称为Scut。）”可推知，Scut正在实验阶段，并没有投入使用。所以A项“亚马逊正在使用Scut为人们提供食品杂货。”表述错误。故选A。
Passage 5 （北京市第八十中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题）
When Kirk Alexander went missing fr 11 days, an unlikely savir came t his rescue: his neighbrhd pizza stre.
Almst every night fr mre than ten years, Kirk Alexander, 48, f Salem, Oregn rdered a late dinner frm his lcal Dmin’s pizza stre. He had n signature rder. Smetimes he wuld call fr a salad, smetimes a pie, smetimes chicken wings. The nly sure thing fr the staff f the Silvertn Rad Dmin’s was that they wuld see Alexander’s name shw up n their nline rdering site smetime between 11 p. m. and midnight several times a week.
Until suddenly, fr nearly tw weeks at the end f April 2016, they didn’t.
It was a slw Saturday night n May 7th when Dmin’s general manager Sarah Fuller felt she culd n lnger ignre Alexander’s recent absence.
“I went and lked up t see hw lng it had been since he last rdered,” Fuller tld KATU. cm. “It was 11 days, which was nt like him at all.”
Fuller knew Alexander wrked frm hme, and neighbrs said he rarely left. She als knew that he had suffered sme health issues in the past. Smething, Fuller wrried, was wrng.
Arund 1 a. m. n Sunday, May 8, Fuller sent lngtime delivery driver Tracey Hamblen t stp in at Alexander’s hme. Hamblen apprached Alexander’s dr as he had cuntless times befre and kncked. He culd plainly see that Alexander’s TV set was n, as were his lights; but after several minutes, Alexander still didn’t answer the dr.
Hamblen rushed back t the stre t relay the upsetting develpments t Fuller. She encuraged Hamblen t dial 911. Sn, fficers were n their way.
When deputies frm the Marin Cunty Sheriff’s ffice arrived at Alexander’s huse, they heard a man calling fr help frm inside the residence, deputies said. They brke the dr dwn, and fund Alexander n the flr in need f immediate medical attentin. One day later, and they might have been t late.
Alexander was rushed t Salem Hspital, where he was listed in stable cnditin shrtly after the dramatic rescue. In the fllwing weeks, Fuller, Hamblen, and ther stre emplyees went t visit him with flwers and cards, nting that Alexander greeted them with knwing smiles.
24．Hw did Fuller sense that smething was wrng?
A．She knew Alexander had serius health prblems.
B．Alexander hadn’t rdered chicken wings fr nearly 2 weeks.
C．Alexander had never befre brken his rutine in the stre fr 10 years.
D．Alexander had disappeared frm the stre’s rdering system fr abut 2 weeks.
25．What can yu infer frm the underlined sentence?
A．Hamblen was fnd f kncking at Alexander’s dr.
B．Hamblen was mre than an acquaintance t Alexander.
C．Every time Hamblen arrived at Alexander’s huse, he wuld knck first.
D．When Hamblen had enugh time in the past, he wuld g t Alexander’s huse.
26．The saying we can learn frm the stry is________.
A．Better late than never
B．Brn in distress, die in peace
C．Details determine success r failure
D．Even the wise are nt always free frm errr
【答案】24．D 25．B 26．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了细心周到的外卖店经理通过观察到常客Kirk Alexander打破了每天订餐的习惯，派人上门了解情况，发现Kirk患病在家，及时报警，从而救了Kirk性命的经过。
24．细节理解题。由第二段中的“The nly sure thing fr the staff f the Silvertn Rad Dmin’s was that they wuld see Alexander’s name shw up n their nline rdering site smetime between 11 p. m. and midnight several times a week. (对于Silvertn Rad Dmin的员工来说，唯一可以肯定的是，他们每周会在晚上11点到午夜的某个时候看到Alexander的名字出现在他们的在线订购网站上好几次)”和第五段““I went and lked up t see hw lng it had been since he last rdered,” Fuller tld KATU. cm. “It was 11 days, which was nt like him at all.”(Fuller告诉KATU. cm：“我抬头看了看，他上次点单是多久以前的事，发现是11天前的事了，这完全不是他的风格。”)”可知，Fuller通过发现Kirk最近已经有11天（差不多两周）没在外卖店下单了，感到不对劲。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。由第二段中的“The nly sure thing fr the staff f the Silvertn Rad Dmin’s was that they wuld see Alexander’s name shw up n their nline rdering site smetime between 11 p. m. and midnight several times a week. (对于Silvertn Rad Dmin的员工来说，唯一可以肯定的是，他们每周会在晚上11点到午夜的某个时候看到Alexander的名字出现在他们的在线订购网站上好几次)”和第七段中的“Arund 1 a. m. n Sunday, May 8, Fuller sent lngtime delivery driver Tracey Hamblen t stp in at Alexander’s hme. Hamblen apprached Alexander’s dr as he had cuntless times befre and kncked. (5月8日星期日凌晨1点左右，Fuller派了长期送货司机特蕾西·汉布伦到亚历山大的家中停留。汉布伦像以前无数次一样，走近亚历山大的门，敲门)”可知，Alexander经常点外卖，而Tracey Hamblen是派送员，从画线句推断出为二人十分相熟。故选B项。
26．推理判断题。由第四段“It was a slw Saturday night n May 7th when Dmin’s general manager Sarah Fuller felt she culd n lnger ignre Alexander’s recent absence. (5月7日是一个缓慢的周六晚上，Dmin的总经理Sarah Fuller觉得她再也不能忽视Alexander最近的缺席了)”可知，外卖店经理通过细心观察，察觉到了顾客Kirk点餐习惯发生的变化，最后救了Kirk的命，告诉了我们“细节决定成败”的道理。故选C项。
Passage 6 (甘肃省武威市凉州区部分校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次诊断)
The first time that I met a blind scientist. I wrked in a prgram fr disabled students interested in pursuing STEM (Science, Technlgy, Engineering, Maths) research. Until that pint, it had never ccurred t me hw blind students were prevented frm receiving science educatin. My daily experience in classrms cnsisted f prfessrs drawing and writing n the bard with the assumptin that students in the class culd see. But what abut thse students wh cannt see r suffer frm visin prblems?
A recent paper frm Baylr University, led by Katelyn Baumer and Bryan Shaw, was inspired by exactly this prblem.They designed a study t assess whether peple culd learn t recgnize 3D mdels, like thse ften used t teach science, with their muths instead f with their eyes.
A 202l paper in Nature fund that primates(灵长类动物)shwed the same brain circuit activatin(激活)when grasping bjects with their hands and when mving an bject with their tngues.This indicates that there may be underlying similarities f physical manipulatins(操纵)f the hand and the muth.
Baumer and Shaw fund that there was cmparable tuch recgnitin with hands t muth manipulatin recgnitin when using these mdels. 365 cllege students and 31 primary schl students participated in the study. The participants were blindflded and then divided int tw grups, ne assigned t manipulate bjects by hand, and ne t manipulate the bjects with nly their muths. Each participant was given a single mdel prtein t study. They then were asked t identify whether each f a set f eight ther prtein mdels matched the riginal they were given.
The research team saw that bth age grups f students were able t successfully distinguish between mdels. Mrever, the accuracy f recalling the structures was higher in peple wh nly assessed the mdels thrugh muth manipulatin.
Althugh this study did nt invlve blind r lw-visin students, it sets the basis fr expanding int them next. It may ffer a way t have science becme mre accessible, which is the ultimate gal.
8．Wh will mst prbably benefit frm Baumer and Shaw’s study?
A．Prfessrs.B．Cllege students.
C．Primary schl students.D．Blind and lw-visin students.
9．What des the authr intend t d in paragraph 3?
A．Explain a cncept t readers.B．Prvide supprting infrmatin.
C．Summarize the previus paragraphs.D．Intrduce a new tpic fr discussin.
10．What methd is used in the study?
A．Making cmparisns.B．Ding surveys.
C．Cnducting interviews.D．Reviewing papers.
11．What is the text mainly abut?
A．A recent paper abut STEM educatin.
B．A prtein mdel used in science teaching.
C．A ptential way fr disabled students t learn science.
D．An academic prgram fr blind scientists t d research.
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容是：科学家发现人们用嘴学习可以达到和眼、手一样的效果，从而为盲人或弱视人群参与科学学习提供了一种解决办法。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“But what abut thse students wh cannt see r suffer frm visin prblems?(但是那些看不见或有视力问题的学生怎么办呢？)”和第二段中“A recent paper frm Baylr University, led by Katelyn Baumer and Bryan Shaw, was inspired by exactly this prblem.(由凯特琳·鲍默和布莱恩·肖为主的贝勒大学最近的一篇论文正是受到了这个问题的启发)”可知，盲人和弱视学生最有可能从该项研究中受益。故选D项。
2.推理判断题。文章第三段内容主要“A 202l paper in Nature fund that primates(灵长类动物)shwed the same brain circuit activatin(激活)when grasping bjects with their hands and when mving an bject with their tngues.This indicates that there may be underlying similarities f physical manipulatins(操纵)f the hand and the muth.(2021年刊登在《自然》上的一篇论文发现灵长类动物用手抓握物体和用舌头移动物体时会显示同样的大脑回路激活机制。这说明手和嘴的物理操纵方面存在潜在的相似性。)”由此可知，本段主要为研究提供支持信息。故选B项。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段内容“The participants were blindflded and then divided int tw grups, ne assigned t manipulate bjects by hand, and ne t manipulate the bjects with nly their muths. Each participant was given a single mdel prtein t study. They then were asked t identify whether each f a set f eight ther prtein mdels matched the riginal they were given.(参与者被蒙上眼睛，然后分成两组，一组被分配用手操作物体，另一组只用嘴操作物体。每个参与者给予一个单一的模型蛋白质进行研究。然后，他们被要求确定另外八种蛋白质模型中的每一种是否与给他们的原始蛋白质模型相匹配。)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究者把受试人员分为两组，分别用手和用嘴操纵物体，每位受试者先学习一个蛋白质模型，然后让他们辨认一组八个模型中哪一个符合他们学习的模型，对比结果得出结论，因此主要采用了对比研究方法。故选A项。
4.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了科学家研究发现人们用嘴学习可以达到和眼、手一样的效果，从而为盲人或弱视人群参与科学学习提供了一种潜在的解决办法。故选C项。
Passage 7 (河北省衡水市部分学校2022-2023学年高三上学期9月月考)
When she was just 9 years ld, Hilde Lysiak became famus acrss the United States fr reprting n difficult news stries. Nw Hilde has written a bk telling her wn stry, and sharing sme f the challenges she faced.
Hilde Kate Lysiak’s father was a reprter fr the New Yrk Daily News. When she was yung, he ften tk her t wrk with him, and she develped a strng interest in news stries and reprting. When she was 8, Hilde started her wn newspaper, called the Orange Street News (OSN). Her family lived n Orange Street. Hilde did the writing, her sister Izzy tk pictures, and her father helped her rganize and print the newspaper. Fllwing the rules her father had taught her, she researched and reprted stries in her mnthly newspaper.
OSN suddenly became famus when a murder happened in twn, and 9-year-ld Hilde was the first persn t reprt it. Sn, news rganizatins arund the cuntry were ding stries n Hilde. Sme peple criticized her parents fr allwing her t reprt n smething as unpleasant as a murder. Others criticized Hilde fr “pretending t be a reprter”. Sme peple even suggested she shuld be playing with dlls.
Hilde was upset by the cmplaints. She respnded with a Yu Tube vide. “I never began my newspaper s that peple wuld think I was cute,” she said. “I want t be taken seriusly. I’m sure ther kids d, t.” That wasn’t the last time Hilde had truble getting peple t take her seriusly. Smetimes, it was because f her age. Other times, it was because she was a girl. But she never let that stp her. Hilde cntinued reprting.
Hilde’s activities as a reprter have made her famus, and she has earned several awards. With her father, Hilde has written a series f bks fr yung peple, called Hilde Cracks the Case. The bks are based lsely n stries that Hilde wrte. The bks have nw been turned int a TV shw called Hme Befre Dark.
4．What caused Hilde t be interested in news reprting?
A．Her unusual writing skills.B．Her experience with her father at wrk.
C．Her mther’s encuragement.D．Her passin fr reading newspapers.
5．What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A．Hilde tk pride in the Orange Street News.
B．All the media misunderstd Hilde’s behaviur.
C．Nt everyne was happy abut Hilde’s effrts.
D．Unpleasant stries were prhibited frm being reprted.
6．Which f the fllwing can be used t describe Hilde?
A．Determined.B．Adaptable.
C．Awkward.D．Reliable.
7．What is prbably the best title fr the text?
A．Challenges Hilde Faced When She Was Yung
B．A Bigraphical Nvel Written by Hilde Lysiak
C．The Orange Street News: a Ppular Newspaper
D．Hilde Lysiak: Yung Reprter Tells Her Own Stry
【答案】4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了当只有9岁的Hilde Lysiak因报道困难的新闻故事而闻名于美国。现在，希尔德写了一本书，讲述了她自己的故事，并分享了她面临的一些挑战。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Hilde Kate Lysiak’s father was a reprter fr the New Yrk Daily News. When she was yung, he ften tk her t wrk with him, and she develped a strng interest in news stries and reprting. (Hilde Kate Lysiak的父亲是《纽约每日新闻》的记者。在她年轻的时候，他经常带她一起工作，她对新闻报道产生了浓厚的兴趣)”可知，Hilde Lysiak对新闻报道感兴趣是因为跟着她的父亲去上班的经历。故选B项。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段内容“OSN suddenly became famus when a murder happened in twn, and 9-year-ld Hilde was the first persn t reprt it. Sn, news rganizatins arund the cuntry were ding stries n Hilde. Sme peple criticized her parents fr allwing her t reprt n smething as unpleasant as a murder. Others criticized Hilde fr “pretending t be a reprter”. Sme peple even suggested she shuld be playing with dlls. (OSN突然出名是因为镇上发生了一起谋杀案，9岁的Hilde是第一个报道的人。很快，全国各地的新闻机构都在报道Hilde。一些人批评她的父母允许她报道像谋杀案这样令人不快的事情。还有人批评Hilde“假装记者”。有些人甚至建议她应该玩洋娃娃)”可判断，不是所有的人对Hilde做出的努力都认可。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容“But she never let that stp her. Hilde cntinued reprting. (但她从未让这阻止她。Hilde继续报道)”可判断，人们的抱怨指责没有阻止Hilde Lysiak继续报道，说明Hilde Lysiak是一个有决心的人。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。本篇文章是一篇新闻报道。文章的第一段总括文章内容，是新闻报道的标志语，讲述了当只有9岁的Hilde Lysiak因报道困难的新闻故事而闻名于美国。现在，Hilde Lysiak写了一本书，讲述了她自己的故事，并分享了她面临的一些挑战。由此可知，短文的最佳标题为“Hilde Lysiak:年轻记者讲述自己的故事”故选D项。
Passage 8 (河南省南阳市第一中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考)
Just like happiness and sadness, anxiety is part f everyne's lived experience-but it’s nt always tlerated as such. “Peple ften spend t much time and effrt trying t rid anxiety,” says Dr Jel Minden, a clinical psychlgist. “I encurage them t remember that anxiety is a nrmal emtinal respnse.”
If yu try t banish anxiety, all yu're ding is putting it mre at the frefrnt f yur mind. But if yu accept anxiety as part f life, yu can learn t relate t it with self-pity r even with humur. This is a crnerstne f acceptance and cmmitment therapy (ACT), which has been gaining clinical validatin, including by the American Psychlgical Assciatin. ACT guides peple t see their unpleasant emtins as just feelings and t accept that hardship is an indispensable part f life. Sufferers are encuraged t begin a dialgue with anxius thughts, examining their causes while als keeping in mind their persnal gals and values.
This way f relating t anxiety has been a pwerful strategy fr Jhn Bateman, the 52-year-ld hst f the pdcast Our Anxiety Stries. When negative thughts arise, he acknwledges them but desn’t let them drive his decisins. Over the years, Bateman has nticed that if he submits t his thughts, they dn’t g away but dramatically increase. But if he recgnizes them fr what they are, just a passing thught and nt a fact that needs t be acted n, they gradually g away.
Learning t live with anxiety is an individual prcess and ne that requires trial and errr t get just right. While acceptance is the first and mst imprtant step t take, sme lifestyle changes have been prven t take the edge ff as well. Since tiredness, increased tensin and stress leave us much easier t fall int anxiety, a well-balanced diet, sufficient rest and, especially, regular exercise can help us manage it better.
12．What may Dr Jel Minden agree abut anxiety?
A．It ges hand in hand with jy.B．It shuld be seriusly taken.
C．It is easily-earned experience.D．It is ften imprperly treated.
13．What can explain the underlined wrd “banish” in Paragraph 2?
A．Recgnize.B．Fcus.C．Hide.D．Eliminate.
14．Why des the authr mentin Jhn Bateman in Paragraph 3?
A．T define.B．T infrm.C．T illustrate.D．T educate.
15．What is advised t deal with anxiety in the last part?
A．Cncentrating n the prcess.B．Making lifestyle adjustments.
C．Aviding expsure t pressure.D．Learning t get things in place.
【答案】12．D 13．D 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。临床心理学家认为焦虑经常被不恰当的处理，如果你接受焦虑是生活的一部分，你就可以学会用自怜甚至幽默的方式来对待它。文章介绍了ACT疗法以及应对焦虑的建议。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“‘Peple ften spend t much time and effrt trying t rid anxiety,’ says Dr Jel Minden, a clinical psychlgist. ‘I encurage them t remember that anxiety is a nrmal emtinal respnse.’ (临床心理学家Jel Minden医生说：‘人们通常会花太多的时间和精力来摆脱焦虑。我鼓励他们记住，焦虑是一种正常的情绪反应。’)”可知，Jel Minden医生对焦虑的看法是它经常被不恰当的处理。故选D项。
13．词句猜测题。根据第二段“If yu try t banish anxiety, all yu’re ding is putting it mre at the frefrnt f yur mind. But if yu accept anxiety as part f life, yu can learn t relate t it with self-pity r even with humur. (如果你试图banish焦虑，你所做的只是把它放在你脑海中最重要的位置。但如果你接受焦虑是生活的一部分，你可以学会把它与自怜甚至幽默联系起来。)”可知，后文提到了“接受焦虑”的情况，根据but可知，上下文为转折关系，可知画线词所在句应表达处理焦虑的另一种情况，根据上文“Peple ften spend t much time and effrt trying t rid anxiety (人们经常花费太多的时间和精力试图摆脱焦虑)”可知，人们想摆脱焦虑，这时就会当它当回事去处理，所以你所做的只是把它放在你脑海中最重要的位置。A.Recgnize认出，识别；B. Fcus关注，聚焦；C. Hide隐藏；D.Eliminate剔除，根除。D项Eliminate与划线词意思相近，故选D项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段“ACT guides peple t see their unpleasant emtins as just feelings and t accept that hardship is an indispensable part f life. Sufferers are encuraged t begin a dialgue with anxius thughts, examining their causes while als keeping in mind their persnal gals and values. (ACT引导人们把不愉快的情绪看作只是感觉，并接受困难是生活不可缺少的一部分。我们鼓励患者与焦虑的想法展开对话，检查他们焦虑的原因，同时记住他们的个人目标和价值观。)”可知，此处为ACT疗法的原理；第三段“This way f relating t anxiety has been a pwerful strategy fr Jhn Bateman, the 52-year-ld hst f the pdcast Our Anxiety Stries. When negative thughts arise, he acknwledges them but desn't let them drive his decisins. Over the years, Bateman has nticed that if he submits t his thughts, they dn't g away but dramatically increase. But if he recgnizes them fr what they are, just a passing thught and nt a fact that needs t be acted n, they gradually g away. (对播客‘我们的焦虑故事’的主持人，52岁的约翰·贝特曼来说，这种与焦虑相关的方式一直是一种强有力的策略。当消极的想法出现时，他承认它们，但不让它们驱动他的决定。多年来，贝特曼注意到，如果他顺从自己的想法，这些想法非但不会消失，反而会急剧增加。但如果他认识到它们的本质，它们只是一个短暂的想法，而不是需要采取行动的事实，它们就会逐渐消失。)”可知，this way指代上文的ACT疗法，Jhn Bateman是“患者”之一，该段后文详细讲述了他是怎样成功运用ACT疗法的，由此可推知，通过提及Bateman这个成功案例来阐明（illustrate）ACT疗法是一个强有力的干预焦虑的策略。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While acceptance is the first and mst imprtant step t take, sme lifestyle changes have been prven t take the edge ff as well. Since tiredness, increased tensin and stress leave us much easier t fall int anxiety, a well-balanced diet, sufficient rest and, especially, regular exercise can help us manage it better.(虽然接受是第一步，也是最重要的一步，但一些生活方式的改变也被证明可以减轻压力。由于疲劳、紧张和压力的增加会让我们更容易陷入焦虑，一个均衡的饮食、充足的休息，尤其是定期锻炼，可以帮助我们更好地应对焦虑)”可知，面对焦虑，建议对生活方式进行调整，故选B项。