专题08阅读理解之记叙文&说明文-2023年中考英语考试研究（无锡专用）

这是一份专题08阅读理解之记叙文&说明文-2023年中考英语考试研究（无锡专用），共57页。
专题08 阅读理解之记叙文&说明文-2023年中考英语考试研究（无锡专用）

无锡市中考英语历年（2019-2022）真题展示
【2019无锡中考】
B
Hobbies let you explore interests outside of your line of work. They let you be creative and try all kinds of new things. Picking a different one can get your creative juices flowing again.
Look at what interests you.
Check what you love doing in your spare time. Do you enjoy reading books? Maybe you want to try your hand at writing your own. Do you like a hot coffee at the end of the day? Maybe your hobby could be trying to make it at home. Turn what you already love into a hobby.
Think about what you value most
Do you value wisdom or courage? Do you admire artists? Let such question guide you when choosing a hobby.
For example, maybe you could volunteer at a library as a hobby because you value education or maybe you could try painting because you admire people who can express themselves with art.
Examine your skills and personality.

Certain hobbies require certain skill
If you don't have much patience, then maybe going fishing isn't something you'd enjoy. However. if you love building things, maybe you should consider a hobby like working on older cars or building furniture.
Play to your strengths.
Pay attention to what excites your 30 .
The way you talk about things can also show what you really like and it can be developed into a hobby.
Think about the topics you go on endlessly about. Ask your friends and family what you seem to talk about all the time. Now think about the subject that you enjoy so much and decide how it can be turned into your hobby.
28. This passage is most probably taken from ______________.
A. a magazine for old people B. a magazine for young people
C. a picture book for children D. a picture book for hobbies
29. This passage mainly shows us __________________.
A. how to find a new hobby B. how to give up old hobbies
C. why you must find a new hobby D. why you must give up old hobbies
30. Which is the most suitable word for 30 ?
A. hobbies B. skills C. topics D. interests
【答案】28-30: BAC
【解析】
（28）B．推断题．根据Hobbies let you explore interests outside of your line of work． 爱好让您探索工作之外的兴趣．由工作可知是写给年轻人的．故选B．
（29）A．主旨大意题．根据Picking a different one can get your creative juices flowing again．Look at what interests you…Think about what you value most…挑选一个不同的兴趣可以让你的创意思绪再次流动．看看你感兴趣的东西…想想你最重视的东西…可知本文主要是在介绍如何寻求一个新的爱好．故选A．
（30）C．推断题．根据Pay attention to your favourite ①． The way you talk about things can also show what you really like and it can be developed into a hobby．注意激发你①的东西． 你谈论事物的方式也可以显示你真正喜欢的东西，它可以发展成为一种爱好．可推知填"topic，话题"合适．故选C．
C
Garrison had been treasuring his last piece. All he had left now was a sheet of the beautiful brown paper Pa had brought back from his last sailing trip.
"You’ve been quiet, " Pa said, "Could I see your picture? "
Garrison handed over his sketch. Pa studied it, then looked at his son. "You’re ten now, eh? " Garrison nodded, hoping Pa wouldn’t say that he was too old to be fooling around with pencils and paper.
"When I was ten, I wanted to work on my father’s ship, " Pa said, "When Thomas was ten, he asked me to let him plant the corn. "
Garrison’s throat (嗓子) tightened. "I know I’m not like either of you. " Pa looked at the drawing again.
"No, you are like both of us. You work hard, like Thomas. And you’re like me, too. I have wandering feet, but you have a wandering mind. We need to see things differently.
Garrison frowned. "I’d rather love the land, like Thomas, or the sea…"
Pa patted his hand. "Thomas cares about our family very much-that’s why he’s worked so hard to bring us food. And my love for the sea makes good money. But there’s more in life than food and money. There’s happiness, for one. Does it make you happy to draw? "
Garrison nodded.
"And it makes me happy to look at your drawings. Not many folks can catch happiness on a piece of paper. Some might say drawing’s a waste of time, but they don’t understand how things are. Why, asking you to stop drawing like asking Thomas to stop farming, or me to stop going to sea. It would be like asking us to stop breathing, wouldn’t it? "
Garrison considered this, then replied, "No, sir. Not quite like breathing. If I couldn’t draw any more, it would be… like someone took away my voice. " He hung his head. In his mind he could hear Thomas laughing, "It’s not like you ever speak up, anyway. "
But Pa patted his shoulder and said, "That would be a pure shame. Your voice is important, Garrison, whether it’s out loud or on paper. And speaking of paper…" Pa smiled. "Take a look in my bag. "
Garrison reached into the bag and found a sketchbook. For a moment he was speechless happiness seemed to fill his body and stick in his throat. Then he managed to find his voice. "Oh, Pa-thank you. "
31. Why did Garrison’s throat tighten?
A. Because he felt thirsty.
B. Because he felt very scared.
C. Because he knew he was not like Pa or Thomas.
D. Because he thought Pa would stop him drawing.
32. When Garrison frowned, he most probably felt _________________.
A. unhappy B. worried C. afraid D. ashamed
33. What can we infer from the passage about Garrison?
A. He lived in a big wealthy family. B. He was his father’s favourite son.
C. He would go on with his drawing. D. He would learn to work on the farm.
【答案】31-33: DBC
【解析】本文介绍了加里森对于绘画的热爱。加里森说“如果他不能画画了，就像有人拿走了他的声音一样。” 最后加里森的父亲支持他画画。
【31】推理判断题。根据"When I was ten, I wanted to work on my father’s ship, " Pa said, "When Thomas was ten, he asked me to let him plant the corn. "“我十岁的时候，我想在我父亲的船上工作，”爸爸说，“托马斯十岁的时候，他让我让他种玉米。”可以推知加里森的喉咙绷紧是因为他认为爸爸会阻止他画画。故选D。
【32】推理判断题。A. unhappy不快乐的；B. worried担心的；C. afraid害怕的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据"No, you are like both of us. You work hard, like Thomas. And you’re like me, too. I have wandering feet, but you have a wandering mind. We need to see things differently. “不，你和我们都一样。你像托马斯一样努力工作。你也和我一样。我有流浪的脚，但你有流浪的心。我们需要以不同的方式看待事情。”可以推知，加里森听到父亲的这些话后，是有点担心的。因此才有了下文的解释（“I’d rather love the land, like Thomas, or the sea…”我更喜欢陆地，像托马斯，或者大海……”）。故选B。
【33】推理判断题。根据Garrison considered this, then replied, "No, sir. Not quite like breathing. If I couldn’t draw any more, it would be… like someone took away my voice. " He hung his head. 加里森考虑了一下，然后回答说：“不，爸爸。和呼吸不一样。如果我再也不能画画了，那就……就像有人拿走了我的声音。可以推知，加里森想继续画画。故选C。
D
In 1845, a deadly disease struck the farms of Ireland, killing all the Lumper potato plants. In another place or time, the death of single crop species (物种) might not have been so important. But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended almost solely on the potato for food. The death of one species caused a terrible famine(饥荒). Now, some scientists are worried that such a famine could happen again, but on a much wider scale.
Over the centuries, farmers have discovered thousands of different species of food crops. Each species has special qualities. Some can be grown in very hot or cold climates. Others are not affected by certain diseases. However, you won’t find many of these species in your local supermarket. To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today are growing only species of plants and farming only species of animals that are easy to produce in large numbers.
For example, in the Philippines, there were once thousands of varieties of rice: now fewer than 100 are grown there. In China, 90 percent of the wheat varieties grown just a century ago have disappeared. Scientists believe that over the past century, we have allowed more than half of the world’s food varieties to disappear.
One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds (种子) as many different plant varieties as we can before they disappear. The idea was first suggested by Russian scientist Nikolay Vavilov. In the 1920s and 1930s, he collected around 400,000 seeds from five contients. More recently, others are continuing the work he began.
In the U.S. state of Iowa, Diane Ott Whealy wanted to protect historic plant varieties, like the seeds her great –grandfather brought to the U.S. from Germany more than a hundred years ago. She and her husband started a place called Heritage Farm, where people can store and trade seeds.
More importantly, the people at Heritage Farm don’t just store the seeds; they plant them. By doing this, they are reintroducing foods into the marketplace that haven’t been grown for years. These food species are not just special in terms of appearance or taste. They also offer farmers food solutions for the future, from the past.
34. What is this passage mainly about?
A. The need to protect different food species.
B. How to increase the number of food species.
C. The fact that many food species are dying out.
D. How to prevent food species from disappearing.
35. Why are some scientists worried that such a famine could happen again?
A. Because people depend on certain species of food crops.
B. Because the same deadly disease may attack crops again.
C. Because the world’s population is larger than that in 1845.
D. Because farmers grow the same potatoes as those in the past.
36. The following sentence would best be placed at the end of _______________.
Meanwhile, thousands of other species are dying out.
A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4
37. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The disease spread very quickly and killed thousands of people in Ireland.
B. Around 80 percent of the rice varieties in the Philippines have disappeared.
C. People have been storing seeds to save plane varieties for less than 100 years.
D. Heritage Farm is the first place in the U.S. for people to store and trade seeds.
【答案】34-37: DABA
【解析】
(34)D 主旨大意题。本文前三段谈到当人们依赖某些食物而这些食物开始消失时会引发饥荒，又由第四段第一句“One solution to this problem…”可知，接下来的几段谈论解决这个问题的方法，故答案为D项。
(35)A细节理解题。由第一段和第二段内容可知，现在为了喂养地球上的70亿人口，大多数农民仅仅种植某种农作物，养殖一些能够很容易大量生产的动物，故科学家们认为这种食物具有单一性，过分依赖某种食物的现象会造成饥荒再次发生。故选择A项。
(36)A 推理判断题，根据In 1845， a deadly disease struck the farms of Ireland， killing all the Lumper potato plants，可知，1845年，一种致命的疾病袭击了爱尔兰的农场，这是一个物种的死亡导致了一场可怕的饥荒，故选A。

【2020无锡中考】
B

NEW word in 2020
Coronavirus is this year’s Children’s Word of the Year. This is very interesting given that the 500 Words competition closed on 27 February 2020, the day before the first case was documented in the UK. This shows the influence of important events around the world on children’s creativity.
Highlights
The word coronavirus appeared for the first time in the 500 Words stories in 2020. It is not a word that has been used before.
The word has been used 459 times in the stories in 2020, with 287 of them as coronavirus, 168 as corona virus, and 4 as corona-virus.
It is amazing that many of the themes young writers explored in fiction soon became a reality with the world in lockdown.
Examples
The nurses came running over. I felt a pain in my neck, I started to gasp for air. My body started shaking I couldn’t control myself. My eyes rolled to the back of my head, a mask covered my mouth, my temperature raised and I have the coronavirus.
(The Ex, girl 13)
A few years later he finally landed on earth ... but when he landed he found out a deadly virus had struck earth, the corona virus ...
(Bob’s Trip Around the Universe boy 10)
28. This passage is most probably part of ________.
A. a language report B. a science report
C. a book review D. a film review
29. The result is based on the findings from ________.
A. a 2019 survey B. a 2020 survey
C. a 2019 competition D. a 2020 competition
30. What can we learn about the word coronavirus?
A. Most children like the word very much. B. Most children use the word very often.
C. Children first used it in stories this year. D. Children first used it in stories years ago.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了今年儿童的年度词汇——Coronavirus。
【28题】
题意：这篇文章很可能是________的一部分。
推理判断题。根据原文Coronavirus is this year’s Children’s Word of the Year可知，本文关注的语言方面的现象，由此可推断本文可能是一份语言报告的一部分。A选项a language report“一份语言报告”符合题意，故选A。
【29题】
题意：得到这个结果是基于________的发现。
细节理解题。根据原文The word coronavirus appeared for the first time in the 500 Words stories in 2020可知，得到这个结果是基于一个在2020年举办的500字故事比赛的发现。D选项a 2020 competition“一个2020年的比赛”符合题意，故选D。
【30题】
题意：关于单词“coronavirus”我们可以知道些什么？
推理判断题。根据原文The word coronavirus appeared for the first time in the 500 Words stories in 2020. It is not a word that has been used before可知，今年孩子们第一次在故事中使用它。C选项Children first used it in stories this year“今年孩子们第一次在故事中使用它”符合题意，故选C。
C
“Look at Amy’s picture!” Mom said, too loud. She does that when she’s excite, because she can’t hear herself. Some kids turned to stare at us and I wanted to hide.
I led my family into my classroom and looked around. Other kids and parents were there, but I didn’t see Evelyn.
Ms. Jennings walked over to us. I introduced her to my family and explained that my parents are deaf.
“Oh,” she said. “Well, how do you say ‘Welcome!’ in sign language?”
“Like this.” I swept my open right hand in toward my body, palm (掌心) up.
She repeated the movement.
“Thank you,” Mom said, smiling. “It’s nice to meet you.”
Ms. Jennings looked surprised. “You speak very well,” she said.
In sign language, I repeated what Ms. Jennings had said in case my parents hadn’t read her lips (嘴唇).
Mom nodded. “I lost my hearing as a child, after I’d learned to talk. Amy’s father was born deaf. He can talk, too, but he’s shy about his voice.”
Dad smiled in agreement.
Some of my classmates were watching us and whispering. Then I noticed Evelyn and her mom standing by the door.
“I sit over there,” I told my family and quickly walked toward my desk.
“Hi, Amy,” Evelyn said suddenly.
I turned around. “Hi.”
“I didn’t know your parents are deaf,” she said.
“Yeah.” I couldn’t think of anything else to say.
“And you can talk to them with your hands? That’s so cool.”
“You think so?” I asked. I exhaled with relief.
Evelyn nodded. “It’s like a secret code. Would you teach me some words sometime?”
I smiled. “Of course.”
“One of my dad’s neighbours uses sign,” she said. “Maybe I can surprise her with a greeting next time I visit my dad.”
“Your dad doesn’t live with you?” I said.
She shook her head. “My parents are separated.”
“Oh, I...” I’d been so worried about my family that I hadn’t thought about Evelyn’s family. “Hey, if you come over tomorrow, we can practice some sign language then.”
1 got my parents’ attention. “Mom, Dad,” I said, signing, “I’d like you to meet my friend Evelyn and her mom.”
31. How is Welcome!’ said in sign language?
A. B. C. D.
32. When Amy exhaled with relief， she most probably felt ________.
A. worried B. proud C. relaxed D. nervous
33. What can we infer from the passage about Amy?
A. She learned sign language by herself. B. She didn’t want her parents to come.
C. She won’t share Evelyn’s family secret. D. She won’t be so shy about her family.
【答案】31. B 32. B 33. D
【解析】本文讲述了艾米曾因为自己的父母听不见而自卑，而当她把父母带到学校见过老师和同学尤其是和伊芙琳交谈后，艾米不会再因为父母害羞，而是以他们为骄傲。
【31题】
细节理解题。根据文中“I swept my open right hand in toward my body, palm (掌心) up.”，可知“welcome”的手语是张开的右手朝向身体，掌心向上，故选B。
【32题】
细节理解题。根据文中“Evelyn nodded. ‘It’s like a secret code. Would you teach me some words sometime?’ I smiled. ‘Of course.’”，可知当伊芙琳让我能教她一些手语时，我的心情应该是从自卑到松口气，因为伊芙琳觉得我能用手语和父母交流很厉害，因此我是觉得骄傲的。故选B。
【33题】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“1 got my parents’ attention. ‘Mom, Dad,’ I said, signing, ‘I’d like you to meet my friend Evelyn and her mom.’ 我引起了我父母的注意。‘妈妈，爸爸，’我打着手势说，‘我想让你见见我的朋友伊芙琳和她的妈妈。’”，可以推断出她将不会因为家人而害羞，故选D。
D

Last month, the artist Christo opened his new art sculpture. It is made up of 7,506 colorful barrels (桶) floating on a lake in Hyde Park in London. Christo calls it The London Mastaba. It is his first major outdoor art sculpture in Great Britain. The artwork is in the shape of a mastaba. It looks somewhat like a pyramid with a fat top. The London Mastaba is about 65 feet high, 98 feet wide and 130 feet long, and it weighs about 1.3 million pounds. The metal barrels can be seen from hundreds of feet away.
35
Everyone who looks at it will see something different. Many will think the barrels are barrels of oil in the heart of one of London’s oldest parks. They might wonder if Christo was making an announcement against pollution. Others will see a prism or giant pixels or simply a shape. However, everyone must decide for themselves, the 83-year-old artist said. Christo said he had nothing special in mind when he created The London Mastaba. “There are no messages,” Christo said. “There is something in it to discover yourself. I cannot direct you.”
“A Stairway To The Sky”
“It’s created a giant invitation, like a stairway to the sky,” Christo said. The artist was standing on the banks of the Serpentine Lake in Hyde Park where his artwork floats. Swans are swimming nearby. Some barrels are red with a white candy stripe on the sides. Others are colored blue, purple and red. Their colors will look different as the light changes, Christo said. Their reflection (倒影) in the lake will be like an abstract painting. Abstraction is an artistic style that does not always show something recognizable or realistic.
“Not Really Sure How I Feel About It”
Many people walking in the park were surprised to see the artwork. “It’s very modern, but this place is nature and historical. I don’t like it here,” said Yasmin KocOzcengel, who is a tourist from Turkey. Another person who took a look at the artwork was Anna Andronova. She called The London Mastaba very brave. If it weren’t as brave, it wouldn’t be as amazing, she said. Sheila Seffenson is an American living in London. “I’m just not really sure how I feel about it,” Steffenson said. “Maybe it’s a message about pollution. Who knows?”
34. What can we learn about the artwork?
A. It is a floating pyramid. B. It is made up of empty oil barrels.
C. It is an abstract painting. D. It is considered as different things.
35. Which of the following would be most suitable for________?
A. An Announcement Against Pollution. B. An Announcement Against Pollution?
C. A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park. D. A New Landmark Of The Oldest Park?
36. Which of the following words can best describe The London Mastaba?
A. Romantic. B. Magical. C. Realistic. D. Mysterious.
37. What can most possibly be the artist’s real purpose?
A. To add some more colours to the old park. B. To bring his art career to a new height.
C. To encourage people to discover and think. D. To remind people to care about nature.
【答案】34. D 35. B 36. D 37. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术家克里斯托在伦敦海德公园的湖中央展出的第一件大型户外艺术品《伦敦马斯塔巴》，以及人们对这件作品不同的认识和理解。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Everyone who looks at it will see something different.”可知，每个人都会看到不同的东西，结合选项，故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。空后一段讲的是不同的人对这件作品有不同的认识，根据“They might wonder if Christo was making an announcement against pollution.”可知，有些人想知道克里斯托是不是在为抵制污染发声，由此推断，空出的标题应该是围绕是否为抵制污染发声展开的讨论，结合选项，故选B。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。Romantic浪漫的；空想的；Magical有魔力的；Realistic现实的；逼真的；Mysterious神秘的；难解的。根据“Abstraction is an artistic style that does not always show something recognizable or realistic”（抽象是一种艺术风格，它并不总是表现可识别的或现实的东西）可推断，这件艺术品比较抽象，抽象的东西一般比较难理解，结合选项，故选D。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。本题主要问艺术家的真正目的可能是什么？根据“ Christo said he had nothing special in mind when he created The London Mastaba. “There are no messages,” Christo said. “There is something in it to discover yourself. I cannot direct you.””可推断，克里斯托的真正目的可能是鼓励人们自己发现和思考。故选C。

【2021无锡中考】
C
One wet，rainy April afternoon Miss O' Shay，the principal，sent for NancyLee to stop by her office as school closed.Pupils without umbrellas or raincoats crowded in doorways hoping to make it home between showers.Outside the skies were grey. Nancy Lee's thoughts were suddenly grey，too.
    She did not think she had done anything wrong，yet that tight（紧的） little knot came in her throat just the same as she came near Miss O' Shay's door.Perhaps she had banged her locker too often and too hard.Perhaps the note in French she had written to Sallie half way across the study hall just for fun had never got to Sallie but into Miss O'Shay's hands instead.
    She knocked on Miss O' Shay's door.That familiarly solid and competent voice said， "Come in."
    Miss O'Shay had a way of making you feel welcome，even if you came to be punished.
   "Sit down，Nancy Lee Johnson，" said Miss O' Shay. "I have something to tell you." Nancy Lee sat down."But I must ask you to promise not to tell anyone yet."
    "I won't，Miss O' Shay，" NancyLee said，wondering what on earth the principal had to say to her.
   "You are about to graduate，" Miss O'Shay said. "And we shall miss you.You have been an excellent student，Nancy，and you will not be without honors （荣誉） on the senior list，as I am sure you know."
    At that point there was a light knock on the door.Miss O' Shay called out， "Come in，" and Miss Dietrich entered."May I be part of this，too？" she asked，tall and smiling.
    "Of course，" Miss O' Shay said."I was just telling Nancy Lee what we thought of her.But I hadn't got around to giving her the news.Perhaps，Miss Dietrich，you'd like to tell her yourself."
    Miss Dietrich was always direct."Nancy Lee，" she said， "your picture has won the Artist Club scholarship."
    The brown girl's eyes widened，her heart jumped，then her throat tightened again.She tried to smile，but instead tears came to her eyes.
   "Dear Nancy Lee，"Miss O'Shay said， "we are so happy for you." The elderly white woman took her hand and shook it warmly while Miss Dietrich smiled with pride.
    NancyLee must have danced all the way home.She never remembered quite how she gotthere through the rain.She hoped she had been calm.But certainly she hadn't stopped to tell anybody her secret on the way.Raindrops，smiles，and tears mingled on her brown face.She hoped her mother hadn't yet got home and that the house was empty.
 （31）How did Nancy feel on her way to Miss O' Shay's office？
A.Scared .B.Excited. C.Uncertain. D.Confident.
（32）What can we infer from the passage about Nancy？
A.She was Miss Dietrich's best student. B.She would never tell anyone her secret.
C.She was often punished by the principal. D.She would try to hide feelings at home.
（33）Which is the best title for this story？
A.A New Star. B.The Girl. C.A Young Artist. D.The News.
【答案】ADD
【解析】本文主要讲了一天下午校长叫南希•李去O' Shay老师的办公室，她怀着紧张的心情去办公室，结果老师表扬了她，然后校长进来公布了一个好消息，她获得了艺术家俱乐部奖学金。
（31）A.细节推理题。根据第二段She did not think she had done anything wrong，yet that tight （紧的） little knotcame in her throat just the same as she came near Miss O' Shay's door.她觉得自己没做错什么，但是当她走近O' Shay老师办公室的门口时，心都提到嗓子眼了，据此推断她非常害怕，故选A.
（32）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段Raindrops，smiles，and tears mingled on her brown face.She hoped hermother hadn't yet got home and that the house was empty.雨点、微笑和泪水混杂在她棕色的脸上。她希望妈妈还没有回家，房子里空无一人。据此推断她不想让妈妈看到她的情绪，因此推断她将在家隐藏自己的情绪，故选D。
（33）D.文章标题题。根据第十段Miss Dietrich was always direct."Nancy Lee，" she said， "yourpicture has won the Artist Club scholarship."迪特里希小姐总是直言不讳。"南希•李，"她说，"你的画获得了艺术家俱乐部奖学金。"可知本文主要讲了南希•李去办公室听到一个好消息的故事，因此判断本文最好的标题为一个好消息，故选D。
D
Many ofus stayed at home in January because of COVID﹣19，but a special mom and her two babies took atrip.They were driven a few miles from a breeding center in northeasternArgentina to a 1.7 million﹣acre naturereserve called Gran Ibera Park.There the three jaguars were released into thewild.
    Theirrelease was the first reintroduction of jaguars in that part of Argentina sincethe species（物种）almost died out there 70 years ago.Scientists hopethey can turn things around for this important apex predator，meaning one that is on top of the food chain （链）.Only 200 to 300 jaguars remain in the country.
   "That is the highest level of protection that can be given inArgentina，"says Sebastian Di Martino.He's theconservation director for Rewilding Argentina，which is oneof the organizations helping to restore jaguar populations.
    Thejaguars' journey started in 2018 when the park was built in the IberaWetlands.Several thousand jaguars once lived there，along with other important species.But thejaguars' fur was valuable，so peoplehunted them.Then farmers cleared the land they lived on.With the jaguars gone，the ecosystem was out of balance.
    "Inthe absence of this species，ecosystemsstop working well and may even collapse，" DiMartino says. "The main prey （猎物） of the jaguaris the capybara and the caiman.They are very abundant because of theabsence of the jaguar，which causes imbalances in the ecosystem."
    The parkwas the first step to give jaguars a place to live.Then they needed to breed.Afemale named Mariua mated with a male jaguar from Brazil.Mariua then gave birthto the two baby jaguars.
    Itsounds simple，but the reality is more complicated.Di Martinosaid that jaguars born at breeding centers have to learn how to hunt and mustnot become used to humans.Otherwise，they will nothave success in the wild.
    The people who work at the breeding center stay out of sight.They use video camerasto watch the jaguars from several miles away."We provide live prey for them，without them realizing it comes from people，" Di Martino said.
    Mariua wears a radio collar so researchers can track her and her babies，Karai and Pord. "So far，so good.She's been hunting capybaras and wild pig sand is raising her babies very well，" DiMartino says.
（34）What can we learn about the jaguar？
A.It is found only in Argentina.       B.It is taught to hunt by humans.
C.It is not hunted by any other animal.  D.It is not considered as a rare species.
（35）Which of the following words can best describe Di Martino's job？
A.Exciting.
B.Meaningful.
C.Surprising.
D.Successful.
（36）What does the underlined word "abundant" mean in this passage？
A.More than enough.
B.Less than enough.
C.Getting more powerful.
D.Getting less powerful.
（37）The writer mentioned Mariua   .
A.to give an example of jaguars' life
B.to show the importance of female jaguars
C.to introduce a way of training jaguars
D.to explain the method of rewilding jaguars
【答案】ADAB
【解析】文章主要讲了阿根廷的美洲虎的状况。
（34）A.细节理解题。根据Their release was the first reintroduction ofjaguars in that part of Argentina since the species almost died out there 70years ago.可知自从70年前美洲虎在阿根廷几乎灭绝以来，美洲虎被放归野外是该地区首次重新引入美洲虎。故选A.
（35）D.细节理解题。根据"So far，so good.She'sbeen hunting capybaras and wild pigs and is raising her babies very well，" Di Martino says.可知，迪马蒂诺说："到目前为止，一切都很好。她（雌性美洲虎Mariua）一直在捕猎水豚和野猪，而且把孩子养得很好。"因此可以说迪马蒂诺的研究是成功的。所以"Successful成功"这个词最能描述迪马蒂诺的工作。故选D.
（36）A.词义理解题。根据Di Martino says. "The main prey （猎物） of the jaguar is the capybara and the caiman.Theyare very abundant because of the absence of the jaguar，which causes imbalances in the ecosystem."可知，迪马蒂诺说"美洲虎的主要猎物是水豚和凯门鳄。它们非常丰富，因为没有美洲虎，这导致了生态系统的不平衡。"所以在这篇文章中，带下划线的单词"abundant "是足够多的意思。故选A.
（37）B.推理判断题。根据Then they needed to breed.A female named Mariuamated with a male jaguar from Brazil.Mariua then gave birth to the two babyjaguars.可知，然后它们需要繁殖。一只名叫Mariua 的雌性美洲虎与一只来自巴西的雄性美洲虎交配。Mariua 随后生下了两只美洲虎宝宝。所以作者提到了Mariua 是为了说明雌性美洲虎的重要性。故选B.

【2022无锡中考】
C

Lupe Medrano, a shy girl, was a straight-A student. Though Lupe had a sharp mind, she could not, no matter how much she tried, run as fast as the other girls. The truth was that Lupe was no good in sports.
“I’ll never be good at sports.” She felt angry one rainy day as she lay on her bed, looking at the shelf her father had made to hold her awards. “I wish I could win something, anything, even marble(弹珠).”
At the word “marbles”, she sat up. “That’s it. Maybe I could be good at playing marbles, and marbles is a sport.” She rushed out of her room and found the marbles in her brother’s room.
She practiced shooting softly at first. The marble rolled from her thumb(拇指) and clicked against the targeted(作为目标的) marble. But the target wouldn’t budge. She tried again and again, but the power from her thumb made the targeted marble roll only an inch or two.
She realized her thumb was weak and then decided to squeeze(捏) a rubber eraser one hundred times, hoping it would strengthen her thumb.
The weeks passed quickly. Lupe worked so hard that one day, while she was drying dishes, her mother asked why her thumb was swollen(肿胀的).
“It’s muscle,” Lupe explained, “I’ve been practicing for the marbles championship.”
“You, honey?” Her mother, Mrs. Medrano, knew Lupe was no good in sports.
“Yeah, I beat Alfonso, and he’s pretty good.”
When her father, Mr. Medrano, heard this, he was very happy and encouraged Lupe.
Practice, practice, practice. Lupe got better and better. Then the day of the championship came. She beat her first competitor easily, and won one marble, and then one after another. At last, Lupe was in the final to play against a girl in a baseball cap. The girl never even looked at Lupe.
“I don’t know, Dad. She looks tough.”
“You can do it,” her father encouraged. “Just think of the marbles, not the girl, and let your thumb do the work.”
It was a tough fight. But finally Lupe won the most marbles and became the winner!
“I did it!” Lupe said under her breath. She rose from her knees, which hurt from bending all day, and hugged her father.
Back home, in her own bedroom, she was happy. She had always won praise because of her brains, but winning in sports was a new experience. She thanked her tired thumb. “You did it, thumb. You made me champion.” As its reward, Lupe went to the bathroom, filled the bathroom sink with warm water, and let her thumb swim as it pleased. Then she climbed into bed and fell into her sweet dreams.
31. What does the underlined word “budge” mean in this story?
A. Jump. B. Spin. C. Float. D. Move.
32. How did Lupe feel when she saw the girl in a baseball cap?
A. Sad. B. Ashamed. C. Curious. D. Worried.
33. Which is the best title for this story?
A. The Thumb. B. A Sharp Mind.
C. The Marbles. D. A New Experience.
【答案】31. D 32. D 33. C
【解析】本文主要讲述了一个害羞的女孩Lupe Medrano学习弹珠的故事。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“She practiced shooting softly at first. The marble rolled from her thumb(拇指) and clicked against the targeted(作为目标的) marble. But the target wouldn’t budge.”可知，起初，她轻轻地弹。弹珠从她的拇指上滚下来，在目标弹珠上发出咔嗒声。但目标弹珠没有移动。budge此处与move意思一致，表示“移动”。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I don’t know, Dad. She looks tough.”可知，此时Lupe觉得对手有点强，所以应该是有些担忧。故选D。
【33题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了一个害羞的女孩Lupe Medrano学习弹珠的故事。C选项“弹珠”符合题意。故选C。
D

Have you ever watched a show about the wild? A shark (鲨鱼) eats a seal! Lions run down a gazelle! Is all nature like that? All about eating and blood? Or is that just what keeps our eyes glued to the TV screen? Let’s look at sonic living things who work with each other instead of ripping each other apart.
When a lion kills a gazelle, it wants to eat as much as it can and maybe share the rest with its family. There are some living things that will take small pieces of another living thing’s body. Parasitism is when one living thing gets its energy from another living thing, does not give anything back, and hurts the thing it’s taking things from.
Now let’s get a little nicer. Sometimes a living thing will live off the body of another living thing without hurting it. They do not steal anything. They do not bite. Commensalism is when two living things live together and one gets good things out of it while the other is not hurt by it. Have you seen a picture of a whale (鲸) with rocky white things stuck to its skin? Those are barnacles(藤壶). They attach themselves to the whale, so nothing will try to eat them and they can eat things that float by.
Now let’s get really nice. While sharks are biting and lions are fighting, are there any animals that just get along? Yes! Actually, there are many. Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example. Without flowers, bees could not make honey. Without bees, flowers could not make new seeds. It’s win-win for these two. There are lots of animals that get along. Birds will live on the backs of zebras and eat the ticks that are drinking the zebra’s blood. The bird gets food. The zebra gets its ticks taken away. In some of these cases, one animal could not live without the other.
We use the word “Symbiotic (共生的)” for all of these kinds of relationships. Sometimes it’s good for one and bad for the other. Sometimes it’s just good for one. Sometimes it’s even good for both. So, it is nice to know that there are some living things out there that are finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.
34. The writer mentioned a TV show about the wild in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A. tell a story B. solve a mystery
C. Introduce a subject D. discuss a programme
35. Which of the following best describes the relationship between bees and flowers?
A. Neighbours. B. Friends. C. Strangers. D. Partners.
36. How does the writer develop the passage?
A. By showing pictures. B. By giving examples.
C. By presenting reasons. D. By drawing conclusions.
37. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The world of living things remains to be explored.
B. More actions should be taken to protect living things.
C. TV programmes about living things require to be improved.
D. More money will be spent on documentaries about living things.
【答案】34. C 35. D 36. B 37. A
【解析】本文主要讲述了动物界共生的相关知识。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Let’s look at sonic living things who work with each other instead of ripping each other apart.”可知，第一段提及电视节目是为了引出文章主题；故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Mutualism is when two living things work together and both get good things out of it. Bees and flowers are the most common example.”可知，互惠主义是指两个生物一起工作，都从中得到好处；因此花和蜂蜜的关系是一种合作关系；故选D。
【36题详解】
篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，作者一系列例子来阐述共生、寄生的概念；故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据“So, it is nice to know that there are some living things out there that are finding ways to live together. We could pay attention to the animals that do not always make it on TV.”可知，生物世界还有待探索；故选A。

无锡市历年考情解读
知识点名称
考察题型
具体的考察情况
记叙文
阅读理解
记叙文一般考察1-2篇，有时候也可能不涉及到这种体裁。记叙文阅读中细节推断题比较容易考察。
说明文
阅读理解
阅读理解题中说明文体裁考察的篇数占比较大。说明文阅读中猜测词义题、观点态度题和主旨大意题比较容易考察。

考点分析
一）主旨大意题
阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的一孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。
在统览全篇的同时要注意抓住文章的中心大意，捕捉主题句，因为一些显性的答案是可以从主题句中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。
主题句一般具有以下特征：
①概括全段思想。
②一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中，它通常是用单词、短语表达的。
③解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等推理、判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。

主旨题常见的命题形式：
①The main idea of this text may be…….
②This passage is mainly about…….
③The author's purpose in writing this text…….
④Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
⑤ What's the topic of the text?
⑥The passage gives us is…...

二）、推断题
这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。
有时甚至还得联系作者的态度、观点、意图、语气等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，这些题目一般都是深层意义的题目，他们没有明示，大多数属于模糊性的，甚至是模棱两可。
解答这类题时，要求同学予以高度重视注意从话题出发，充分运用自己的逻辑思维能力，从文章的内在含义和字里行间中，从作者的态度和取向中获取信息，做出正确的判断。
应特别注意以下特征：
①吃透文章的表层意思，是推理的前提和基础；
②推理的根据来自于上下文；
③不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点；
④在提问中常用的词有suggest,mean,infer(推断),from the fact,indicate(暗示) conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，according to"等。

推断题常有的命题形式：
① It can be known from the text that ….
②  From the text we know that ….
③ The story implies that ….
④ The paragraph following the passage will most probably be ….
⑤ The writer suggests that….

三）、细节题
首先是直接理解性题目，这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案.
另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。

四）、猜测词义题
这类问题主要考察学生两方面能力。根据上下文推测和判断生词、短语或句子在阅读材料中的含义，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需依靠常识和经验。
猜词的活动是阅读中经常遇到的，阅读理解题目中的作为干扰项出现的错误选项，一般多是学生比较熟悉、想当然的词典意义，或者适应学生习惯的汉语思维方式；而正确的含义往往不只是词典上的，而是要通过上下文内容的提示才能确定的

解这类题时应注意以下特点：
①注意一些过渡词语，如that is, this is, in other words等，它们直接引出了同义解释；
②注意连接词及被猜测的词前后的因果，让步，递进，转折，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。
③注意同义词、近义词、反义词、同位语、定语从句，相似或相反的结构等。
④对于句中首字母或全部是大写的单词,应该猜出可能是专有名词(人名、地名、组织等)，因此拼读有时是最合适的方法。

模拟预测（2022年无锡市一模二模）
【无锡江阴市2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B
Wordle: The Game that Quickly Became an Internet Hit
You might have heard of the word game Wordle. Maybe you have even tried the game yourself. The online puzzle has become so popular that some people cannot go a day without it. Many players share their game results on social media.
Wordle is a very simple game. That may be why its popularity spread so quickly and widely. Compared to many other computer games, the design is also very simple. It contains just 30 empty squares appearing under the name “WORDLE.”
Players get six chances to guess a five-letter word that has been chosen by the game for that day. The goal is to guess the word in the least number of tries.
To start, players enter a real word. Then, the letters turn different colors to provide the player clues about the word. A green letter means the letter is in the word and is in the right position. Yellow means the letter appears in the word but is in the wrong place. A gray letter means it does not appear in the word at all.
The game is web-based, not an app. So, users do not need to download it. It is also free to play. Users can play the game once per day.
Wordle was created by Josh Wardle, a New York software engineer. He said he first made it for his partner, who likes playing word games like crossword puzzles. But he decided in October to release it publicly. The game immediately took off.
As Wordle has grown, so has the number of experts offering advice for the best ways to play the game. One language expert, David Sidhu, recently gave his opinion on the best words to start a game with. He lists the most common letters from English words. The top letters he provides are a, r, o, i, and s. Sidhu also came up with a suggestion for the best starting word for Wordle. That word is “soare,” which means a young hawk. It is a British English word that was used commonly in the 1700s, the Collins English Dictionary reports.
28. When you turn on the game, which of the following pictures will appear on your screen?
A. B. C. D.
29. The game becomes so popular because _________.
A. people can’t go a day without playing it
B. it is simply designed and very easy to play
C. players can share their results on social media
D. many people offer advice on how to play the game
30. If you want to play the game, you have to _________.
A. know millions of words B. download it from the Internet first
C. start with a real word D. choose the right color for the letters
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一款非常流行的在线文字游戏——Wordle。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“It contains just 30 empty squares appearing under the name ‘WORDLE.’”可知，当你打开游戏时，你的屏幕上会有30个空白的方块出现在“WORDLE”的下方。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Wordle is a very simple game. That may be why its popularity spread so quickly and widely. Compared to many other computer games, the design is also very simple.”可知，这款游戏设计简单，很容易玩，这使它迅速流行起来。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“To start, players enter a real word.”可知，如果你想玩这个游戏，你必须从一个真实的单词开始。故选C。
C
I began working in journalism(新闻工作) when I was eight. It was my mother’s idea. She wanted me to “make something” of myself, and decided I had better start young if I was to have any chance of keeping up with the competition.
        With my load of magazines, I went to Belleville Avenue. The crowds were there. There were two gas stations on the corner of Belleville and Union. For several hours I made myself highly visible(可见), making sure everyone could see me and the heavy black letters on the bag that said THE SATURDAY EVENING POST. When it was supper time, I walked back home.
         “How many did you sell, my boy?” my mother asked.
         “None.”
         “Where did you go?”
         “The corner of Belleville and Union Avenues.”
         “What did you do?”
         “Stood on the corner waiting for somebody to buy a Saturday Evening Post.”
         “You just stood there?”
         “Didn’t sell a single one.”
         “My God, Russell!”
         Uncle Allen put in, “Well, I’ve decided to take the Post.” I handed him a copy and he paid me a nickle(五分镍币). It was the first nickle I made.
         Afterwards my mother taught me how to be a salesman. I would have to ring doorbells, talk to people with self-confidence, and persuade(劝说) them by saying that no one, no matter how poor, could afford to be without the Saturday Evening Post in the home.
         One day, I told my mother I’d changed my mind. I didn’t want to make a success in the magazine business.
       “If you think you can change your mind like this,” she replied, “you’ll become a good-for-nothing.” She insisted that, as soon as school was over, I should start ringing doorbells, selling magazines. Whenever I said no, she would scold me.
         My mother and I had fought this battle almost as long as I could remember. My mother, dissatisfied with my father’s common workman’s life, made up her mind that I would not grow up like him and his people. But never did she expect that, forty years later, such a successful journalist as me would go back to her husband’s people for true life and love.
31. The boy started his job young because _________.
A. he wanted to be famous in the future B. the job was quite easy for him
C. his mother had high hopes for him D. the competition for the job was serious
32. From the dialogue between the boy and his mother, we learn that the mother was _________.
A. excited B. interested C. doubtful D. dissatisfied
33. Which of the following can be the best title for the story?
A. My Happy Childhood B. My Early Life of A Journalist
C. The First Nickle I Made D. My Early Success of A Journalist
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B
【解析】本文介绍作者很早就参加了工作，在妈妈的帮助和鼓励下，四十年后成为了一名著名的新闻工作者。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“She wanted me to “make something” of myself, and decided I had better start young if I was to have any chance of keeping up with the competition.”可知，妈妈希望作者有所成就，所以对他有很大的期望，故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“‘Didn’t sell a single one.’ ‘My God, Russell!’”和“She insisted that, as soon as school was over, I should start ringing doorbells, selling magazines. Whenever I said no, she would scold me.”可知，作者只是站在那里，一份都没有卖出去，所以妈妈对作者很不满，故选D。
【33题详解】
最佳标题题。本文介绍了作者早期作为一个新闻工作者的生活故事，故选B。
D
The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full activity. The season brings along with its strong winds and snow — an environment that’s never comfortable to be in.
This unpleasant and even frightening part of winter can be often seen in literature. In Shakespeare’s King Lear (1606), the king has given away his kingdom and been driven out by his two ungrateful daughters. He is out in the winter cold, suffering (遭受痛苦) things that are usually saved for the poorest and most unlucky human beings.
The winter is bad enough for Lear, but being driven out by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare’s play, As You Like It (1599), is fitting for this poor old man’s situation: “Blow, blow, thou winter wind/Thou art not so unkind/As man’s ingratitude (忘恩负义)”. Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity (无人性). There aren’t many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.
Once winter became less of a danger to human beings, it became more positive in literary works. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature often has something to do with happy Christmas celebrations.
The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast (对比) to the fun going on indoors
Dickens’ A Christmas Carol (1843) was the start of this, but Christmas is still a common, cheery element (元素) in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (1997) as they sit down for their festive meal：
“Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat, roast turkeys; mountains of roast and boiled potatoes; platters of chipolatas; tureens of buttered peas, silver boats of thick, rich gravy and cranberry sauce.”
It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it.
Although winter still isn’t the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it’s safe to say that writers have surely “warmed up” since Shakespeare’s days.
34. What can we learn from Shakespeare’s works?
A. Winter is compared with the ugly side of humanity.
B. Shakespeare didn’t like winter for its bad weather.
C. It’s in winter when King Lear drove his two daughters off.
D. King Lear was forced to give away his kingdom in a cold winter.
35. The author mentions Charles Dickens in the passage because _________.
A. a lot of his works are related to winter
B. he started a new way of representing winter
C. he is the most popular author of winter stories
D. his works make people feel cheerful in winter
36. The example of Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone is used mainly to show _________.
A. Christmas is still a symbol of joy in modern stories
B. traditional Christmas food makes the winter cheery
C. it’s a pleasure to read Christmas-related books in winter
D. winter has become the happiest season in literary works
37. The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to _________.
A. recommend some winter stories in literature
B. explain what winter is like in literary works
C. describe certain customs that are related to winter
D. tell us why winter is described as unpleasant in literature
【答案】34. A 35. B 36. A 37. B
【解析】本文主要向我们描述了文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的，以及在不同文学作品中冬天的含义。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity.”可知，在莎士比亚的作品中，冬天被比作人类丑陋的一面。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature often has something to do with happy Christmas celebrations.”可推断出，文章提到查尔斯·狄更斯，是因为在他之前的作品对冬天的描述都是残忍的不好的，自他以后，对冬天的描述变得不一样了。故选B。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“but Christmas is still a common, cheery element (元素) in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter...”可知，作者用《哈利波特与魔法石》的例子主要是用来说明，圣诞节仍是现代故事中欢乐的象征。故选A。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要向我们描述了文学作品中的冬天是什么样子的，以及在不同文学作品中冬天的含义。由此推断出作者写这篇文章的目的是：阐述文学作品中的冬天是什么样子。故选B。

【无锡市滨湖区2022年中考英语一模试题】
B
The Beijing Winter Olympics have attracted attention at home and abroad. While people cheered on the athletes, they were also quickly amazed by the behind-the-scenes teamwork. If you turn the camera to the other side, you will see a group of people working hard in logistical (后勤的) support jobs to help the Winter Olympics.
■Success of the opening ceremony

The opening ceremony was highly praised for its creativity. Through teamwork. guided by the famous filmmaker Zhang Yimou, many directors and staff(员工) created the show together. It took them over two years to prepare for this excellent show.
■Heroes behind-the-scenes

They are the cleaning staff on the U-shaped ice rink. They appear after each game. They have good skiing skills and slide back and forth on the track(赛道) with cleaners. They are the food staff who pay attention to every detail for food safety at 3 a.m. every day. They work in the back kitchen to make sure that everything is safe. They are the medical staff. They are on the sidelines to ensure (确保) the first aid of the athletes when an accident happens. If an athlete is seriously hurt, they will immediately send the athlete to the medical station.
■Words from foreign athletes

“The Beijing Winter Olympic Village is a safe place,” says Australian athlete Jakara Anthony, “This allows us to focus (集中) all our energy on the competition and on the snow track.” Her teammate Britt Cox says the work done by China in ensuring the health and safety of all is admirable. Many foreign athletes who have finished the competition and are about to go home say: “I have started to miss it before I leave.”
■Spirits of winning teamwork

Thanks to the efforts of all, Winter Games displayed a more confident China. Those volunteers who have been working hard and trying their best to make this event perfect are also worthy of a medal. Especially at the time when the whole world is attacked by COVID-19, the winning teamwork is particularly important. They are not on the field, but they still shine.
28. How many kinds of support jobs are mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
29. The writer mentioned Jakara Anthony and Britt Cox to show ________.
A. their wish to stay in Beijing B. their advice on preparation work
C. their confidence in winning games D. their praise for the work done by China
30. What does the passage mainly tell us about the Beijing Winter Olympics?
A. People doing different jobs made it successful.
B. China has become more popular because of it.
C. Its opening ceremony influences many people.
D. Athletes from foreign countries thought highly of it.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍北京冬奥会的相关内容。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“They are the cleaning staff on the U-shaped ice rink.”，“They are the food staff who pay attention to every detail for food safety at 3 a.m. every day.”和“They are the medical staff.”可知，本段介绍了三种支持性工作，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The Beijing Winter Olympic Village is a safe place”和“This allows us to focus (集中) all our energy on the competition and on the snow track”可知，作者提到二人的话是为了赞扬中国所做的工作，故选D。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“If you turn the camera to the other side, you will see a group of people working hard in logistical (后勤的) support jobs to help the Winter Olympics.’”可知，文章主要介绍了在人们的共同努力和团队合作下，北京冬奥会得以成功举办。故选A。
C
Atticus was nearly fifty. He was much older than the parents of our classmates, and there was nothing Jem or I could say about him when our classmates said, “My father—”
Our father worked in an office. He didn’t do anything that could possibly win the admiration of anyone. He wore glasses. He was nearly blind in the left eye.
When he gave us our air-rifles (气枪), Atticus wouldn’t teach us to shoot(射击). Uncle Jack said Atticus wasn’t interested in guns. Atticus said to Jem one day, “Don’t point that gun at anybody. Also remember it’s a sin (罪) to kill a mockingbird.”
That was the only time I ever heard Atticus say it was a sin to do something, and I asked Miss Maudie about it.
“Your father’s right,” she said. “Mockingbirds make music for us to enjoy. They don’t eat up people’s gardens. They do nothing but sing their hearts out for us. That’s why it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird.”
“What do you think of my father? Is there anything he’s good at?”
“You’d be surprised if your father was thirty. You’d find he was quite different,” said Miss Maudie, “There’s life in him yet.”
One Saturday, Jem and I decided to go exploring with our air-rifles to see if we could find a rabbit or a squirrel. Suddenly we noticed an old dog. It hunched its shoulders and twitched its torso. “There’s something wrong with it.” We soon ran quickly back to tell Maudie. She quickly shut the wood door behind us. She herself ran outside to tell others.
“Mad dog’s coming! Mad dog’s coming!” Maudie’s message had been received by the neighborhood.
Nothing is more terrible than a deserted(空旷的), waiting street. The trees were still, the mockingbirds were silent. Everybody held their breath.
Atticus drove back quickly and got out.
In a fog, Jem and I watched our father take the gun and walk out into the middle of the street. He walked quickly, but I thought he moved like an underwater swimmer: time had slowed to a nauseating crawl. Atticus rubbed his eyes and chin; we saw him blink(眨眼)hard.
The rifle cracked. The dog fell onto the ground. It didn’t know what hit itself.
Jem was frozen.
“I saw that, One-Shot Finch (神枪手)!” Neighbours cried.
“Forgot to tell you the other day that Atticus Finch was the deadest shot in his time.” Miss Maudie laughed.
When we went home, I told Jem we’d really have something to talk about at school on Monday.
31. According to the passage, Atticus is a ________ man.
A. modest and brave B. weak but friendly
C. energetic and humorous D. gentle but boring
32. Why was Jem frozen when the dog fell onto the ground?
A. He was afraid the dog hadn’t died yet. B. He was surprised Atticus could shoot.
C. He was worried about Atticus’s safety. D. He was afraid of being hurt by the dog.
33. What’s the best title for the passage?
A. An Awful Day B. The Mad Dog
C. Our Perfect Father D. One-Shot Finch
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《杀死一只知更鸟》，讲述主人公和Jem对他们的爸爸觉得没有什么可说的，但是当得知爸爸是一位神枪手时，觉得周一在学校有谈资了。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Forgot to tell you the other day that Atticus Finch was the deadest shot in his time.”可知，Atticus在他的年代是最棒的神枪手，但是现在非常的低调，直到疯狗出现，他才勇敢的站出来射杀疯狗，因此他是谦虚且勇敢的。故选A。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Uncle Jack said Atticus wasn’t interested in guns.”和“I saw that, One-Shot Finch (神枪手)!”可知，Jem一直觉得父亲对枪不感兴趣，没想到他却是个神枪手，所以他很惊讶Atticus会射击，故选B。
【33题详解】
最佳标题题。本文讲述主人公和Jem对他们的爸爸觉得没有什么可说的，但当得知爸爸是一位神枪手时，觉得周一在学校有谈资了。选项D“神枪手”符合主题，故选D。
D


What would naturalist Charles Darwin, author of 1859’s the Origin of Species, think of today’s pioneering evolutionary (进化的) development? Scientists at the University of Vermont (UVM) have just “designed” a living robot made of living cells on a supercomputer, called “xenobots”.
Unlike traditional robots, an xenobot is a very small robot. Its size is currently smaller than a grain of salt. It’s not made of metal, plastic, or other synthetic(人造的) materials. Rather, it is made from living cells taken from an African frog(青蛙). These robots cure themselves after being cut and they are ALIVE! They are living robots!
The purpose of inventing xenobots is to make them improve our lives, especially we want them to solve problems troubling our planet. There are some future uses of xenobots that have been proposed. Let’s look at some of them!
In the future, scientists may develop xenobots to detect and fight cancer. They are tiny and can go through human bodies. When something is wrong with human bodies, they could receive the order to find the problems in the human body and fight diseases or cancers. With these usages, xenobots would become a revolutionary element in the medical field.
These xenobots aren’t just limited to the medical field. They could also become the saviors of our planet! Due to increased industrial activity over the past few decades, the oceans and other water bodies of the planet are being badly polluted, as waste materials from industries and factories are being recklessly poured into the oceans and nearby water bodies. Thus, water bodies are littered with microplastics, which cannot be easily recycled. Xenobots could help. They could collect or even break down(分解) these microplastics in the oceans and other water bodies. They could clean radioactive material in dangerous places.
The technology of such kind of robots improves amazingly with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). However, some people are worrying about the challenges that xenobots would bring. If this technology could maybe be used in a wrong way? What would happen if the technology was used against the international law? Would xenobots finally take place of human beings? While we still don’t have the answer connected to this brand-new technology, one thing is sure: it is here to help us, and it works!
34. What does the underlined word “detect” in Paragraph 4 mean in this passage?
A. Avoid. B. Discover. C. Record. D. Control.
35. Which of the following are mentioned in the passage?
① What xenobots are. ② Why scientists invent xenobots.
③ How xenebots could help ④ What disasters xenobots bring.
A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④
36. What can we learn about xenobots?
A. They are shaped like African frogs. B. They could cure patients of their cancers.
C. They are designed with the help of Darwin. D. They could help fight against water pollution.
37. The writer feels ________ about the future of xenobots.
A. confident B. crazy C. uncertain D. worried
【答案】34 B 35. A 36. D 37. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍xenobot这种机器人。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“In the future, scientists may develop xenobots to detect and fight cancer.”可知，在未来，科学家可能会开发异种机器人来检测和对抗癌症。此处“detect”的意思是检测，故选B。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“one thing is sure: it is here to help us, and it works!”及文章内容可知，没有提到机器人会带来什么灾难，故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Xenobots could help. They could collect or even break down(分解) these microplastics in the oceans and other water bodies. They could clean radioactive material in dangerous places.”可知，Xenobots会有所帮助，它们甚至可以收集或分解这些在海洋等水体中的塑料微粒，可以在危险的地方清理放射性物质。所以它们可以帮助对抗水污染，故选D。
【37题详解】
观点态度题。根据“one thing is sure: it is here to help us, and it works!”可知，作者认为xenobots是有帮助的，好处很多，所以对xenobots的未来持自信的态度，故选A。

【无锡市华庄中学2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B
Are you the person sitting in the corner of the classroom during the break time hoping no one will come up and talk to you? If this sounds like you, you are not alone. If you want to become more socially confident follow the advice.
Accept your personality. Many people happen to be introverted, meaning that you’re more comfortable spending time alone. If this sounds like you, don’t force yourself to completely become an outgoing, social person. Doing so can lead to stress, worry, and even heart disease. Instead, spend time in social situations you already enjoy and try to have meaningful conversations. By accepting your introverted nature, you can focus on the quality of your social communications.
Understand the importance of confidence. You can become socially confident by attracting other people in a way that interests them and makes them feel heard. These skills are known as social ability. Practicing social ability can create chances for yourself to get close to others.
Avoid negative (消极的) thoughts. If you don’t see yourself as socially confident, it can be easy to look for things that confirms your thoughts. Catch yourself thinking negative thoughts, and ask yourself what you see or hear can prove the thought. For example, imagine you’re thinking, “I know everyone here thinks I’m boring because I have nothing interesting to say.” Stop thinking that and ask yourself what proves the negative thought.
28. What is the passage mainly about?
A. How to accept your personality. B. How to avoid negative thoughts.
C. How to be more socially confident. D. How to know the importance of confidence.
29. The underlined word introverted in Paragraph 2 means _________.
A. 活泼的 B. 孤独的 C. 内向的 D. 勇敢的
30. Where can you find this passage?
A. In a storybook. B. In someone’s diary.
C. In a local newspaper. D. In a school magazine.
【答案】28. C 29. C 30. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了怎样在社交上变得更加自信，并且给出了建议。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“If you want to become more socially confident follow the advice.”可知这篇文章主要是关于怎样在社交上变得更加自信，并且给出了建议。故选C。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“…meaning that you’re more comfortable spending time alone.”这意味着你更愿意花时间独处，可猜测出“introverted”表示“内向的”。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Are you the person sitting in the corner of the classroom during the break time hoping no one will come up and talk to you?”可知提到了教室，所以推断是写给学生的，可最可能出现在学校杂志上。故选D。
C
I know I’m not an ordinary (普通的) ten-year-old kid. I mean, sure, I do ordinary thing. I eat ice cream. I ride my bike. I play ball. I play video games. Things like that make me ordinary, I guess. Also, I feel ordinary inside. But I know ordinary kids don’t make other ordinary kids run away screaming in playgrounds. I know ordinary kids don’t get stared at (盯着) wherever they go.
If I found a magic lamp and I could have one wish, I would wish that I had a common face that no one ever noticed at all. I would wish that I could walk down the street without people seeing me and then doing that look-away thing.
But I’m kind of used to how I look by now. I know how to pretend (假装) I don’t see the faces people make when they see me. We’ve all gotten pretty good at that kind of thing: Mom and Dad my elder sister Via, and me. Actually, I should take that hack: Via is not so good at it. She can get really angry when people do something rude to me. Like, for example, one time in the playground, some older kids saw me and made some noises. I don’t even know what the noises were exactly because I didn’t hear them myself, but Via heard them and she just started shouting at those kids. That’s the way she is. I’m not that way.
Via doesn’t see me as ordinary. She says she does, but I know that if I were ordinary, she wouldn’t feel like she needs to protect me that much. Mom and Dad don’t see me as ordinary, either. They see me as special. I think the only person in the world who realizes how ordinary I am is me.
My name is August, by the way. I won’t describe what I look like to you. Whatever you’re thinking, it’s probably worse.
31. Why does August think he is not ordinary from Paragraph 1?
A. Because he eats ice cream just like other children.
B. Because he likes riding a bike on his way home.
C. Because he often plays video games at school.
D. Because he makes other kids run away screaming.
32.What kind of person do you think Via is according to the passage?
A. Via is rude and often shouts to others. B. Via is kind and loves her brother very much.
C. Via is impatient and always gets angry easily. D. Via is silly and not good at getting on with others.
33. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A. No one knows what August looks like. B. August is not good at describing things.
C. August is a shy boy and likes staying alone. D. August may have a very special appearance.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为自己的外貌而遭遇异样的眼光，表达了作者想要成为一个正常孩子的渴望。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But I know ordinary kids don’t make other ordinary kids run away screaming in playgrounds.”可知，其他孩子看到作者就尖叫着跑掉，由此作者意识到自己并不是普通孩子。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She can get really angry when people do something rude to me.”以及第四段中“Via doesn’t see me as ordinary. She says she does...needs to protect me that much.”可知，作者的姐姐很善良并且很爱作者。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I won’t describe what I look like to you. Whatever you’re thinking, it’s probably worse.”以及第二段中“...I would wish that I had a common face that no one ever noticed at all.”可知，作者的外貌应该是与常人不同。故选D。
D
Today, our children spend more and more time online. Many children spend a lot of their free time playing games on the Internet, on video game systems or on their mobile phones. In the UK, 99% of teen kids aged 8 to 15 play video games every week, and children as young as five play video games regularly (有规律地). This information tells that the advantages and dangers of video games must be carefully considered.
For many people, ________ They have bright lights, funny cartoons and exciting stories. Video games also make you think in a creative way and you have to move your hands and eyes quickly. This can improve the way that a child’s brain works. Video games also make children use their imagination (想象力). The player has to do many creative things, like drawing and building things. Video games are also a good way to teach children about technology because they can learn how computers and other devices (设备) work while they play.
However, a recent study suggests that video games can also be bad for children. First, children can download (下载) many games for free. They don’t need money, so they don’t need to ask their parents if they can download the games. This means that parents often don’t know if their children are playing violent (暴力的) or scary games. Second, many children spend too much time playing games on computers, smartphones and iPads and this can lead to health problems – children who spend too much time on the computer and don’t exercise can become overweight. Third, if children spend too much time playing games instead of doing homework, they can have problems at school and get bad grades. Finally, video games can affect children’s social skills, they might not learn how to play with their friends.
In conclusion, it seems clear that video games have some advantages and disadvantages. On the one hand, they are fun and educational. On the other hand, they can cause problems with children’s health and social skills.It is up to parents to know what games their children are playing and how much time they spend on them. Parents should also make sure their children get enough exercise and spend time with other children.
34. What does Paragraph 1 really want to tell us?
A. Many children have fun playing video games recently.
B. Children at a very young age play video games regularly.
C. Playing video games has so many dangers that we don’t know.
D. The advantages and dangers of video games must be fully considered.
35. Which of the following would be most suitable for _________ in Paragraph 2?
A. video games may hurt their eyes. B. video games can cost lots of money.
C. video games are fun and educational. D. video games are as important as their lives.
36. Which is one of the disadvantages of video games?
A. Playing games too much may make children lazy and sleepy.
B. Some improper games may be downloaded by children for free.
C. Playing games may lead children to make too many friends online.
D. Video games can make the relationship between children and parents worse.
37. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. All roads lead to Rome.
C. Every coin has two sides. D. Reading makes a full man.
【答案】34. D 35. C 36. B 37. C
【解析】本文讲述了玩视频游戏对青少年儿童的好处和坏处，以及优缺点的具体内容。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This information tells that the advantages and dangers of video games must be carefully considered.”可知第一段想告诉我们必须充分考虑视频游戏的优点和危险。故选D。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They have bright lights, funny cartoons and exciting stories…Video games are also a good way to teach children about technology because they can learn how computers and other devices (设备) work while they play.”可知这段主要大意是玩视频游戏的优点，C项“视频游戏既有趣又有教育意义”符合语境。故选C。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“First, children can download (下载) many games for free. They don’t need money, so they don’t need to ask their parents if they can download the games. This means that parents often don’t know if their children are playing violent (暴力的) or scary games.”可知，因为免费下载，孩子们可能下载暴力或恐怖的游戏。这就是玩视频游戏的缺点之一。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据“In conclusion, it seems clear that video games have some advantages and disadvantages.”总之，似乎很明显，视频游戏有一些优点和缺点。可知推理出任何事物都有两面性。故选C。

【无锡市惠山区八校2022年中考英语一模试题】
B
Traveling around the world is cool but paying for it is not pleasing. There is a choice—doing house-sitting jobs, including walking a dog, cleaning kitty litter and milking cows. It’s a win-win situation, says Maureen Murphy, who spends 95 percent of her time staying in other people’s houses.
Although she has a mailbox in Texas, Murphy is rarely there. She is a professor at the University of Maryland, College Park but she teaches online.
“My life is a big adventure,” Murphy said. “I never stay anywhere too long. I am going to my next learning experience, and meet the wonderful people of the world.”
Murphy began her travel in 2010 and has done many house-sitting jobs. She milked a cow in the Blue Mountains. She saw the penguins on Phillip Island and took a helicopter tour above the Twelve Apostles. She also watched the fireworks from a boat in the harbor near the Opera House on New Year’s Eve in Sydney. “In Fiji I took a trip to Mantaray Island Resort where I swam with a manta. It was the most unforgettable experience of my lifetime,” she says.
Some homeowners need sitters to care for only their houses, do simple tasks like collecting mail and watering plants. Others want people to live in their homes to make it easier to take care of their pets. So traveling by doing house-sitting jobs has become a trend.
Trusted Housesitters has members in more than 130 countries. New sitters are encouraged to start out locally, because it gives them the chance to explore a new part of their local area, spokesman Liam Beauchamp-Jones says.
And for the sitters, the advantages are numerous. Murphy adds, “Go to new places, try new food, explore and tour and of course, meet new people!”
48. Which is the most unforgettable experience for Murphy?
A. Milking a cow in the Blue Mountains.
B. Seeing the penguins on Philip Island.
C. Swimming with a manta at Mantaray Island Resort.
D. Watching fireworks from a boat in Sydney.
49. What does Murphy think of her house-sitting jobs?
A. They improve her social skills. B. They make online teaching popular.
C. They make a difference to her life. D. They give her the most unforgettable experience.
50. What can we infer from Paragraph 5?
A. Sitters are really required. B. Sitters prefer to walk dogs.
C. Traveling has enjoyed popularity. D. People don’t like strangers living with them.
【答案】48. C 49. C 50. A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要以Murphy的经历展示了用从事临时保姆的工作来换取免费旅游的双赢做法。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据““In Fiji I took a trip to Mantaray Island Resort where I swam with a manta. It was the most unforgettable experience of my lifetime,” she says.”可知，与蝠鲼游泳是最难忘的经历。故选C。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据“My life is a big adventure,” Murphy said. “I never stay anywhere too long. I am going to my next learning experience, and meet the wonderful people of the world.”和第一段“It’s a win-win situation”可知，临时保姆的工作对她的生活有很大影响。故选C。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Some homeowners need ... Others want people to ...”可知，房主们需要雇人来做各种各样的工作，由此可推断保姆是一个需求很大的工作。故选A。
C
David, a policeman, came to a small wooden house about two miles up the mountain to get Cal Richards, an armed and dangerous killer. Through a broken window, he saw an old man watching him closely. When he stepped into the house, he found the old man was holding a gun in his hand.
“Government man, aren’t you?” said the old man.
“Yes,” David replied with a friendly smile. “You must be a Pappy Richards.”
“Sure I’m Cal’s pa. And you’re not going to get him.” The gun pointed at David.
David looked around the house and didn’t see any sign of Cal. “I’ve been to do it,” he said. “But I can see he isn’t here today. I guess I’ll have to come again.” Just the he caught sight of a violin hanging on the wall. “Who plays the violin?” he asked.
For a moment there was silence. In fact, Cal’s pa played the violin best in the area, but he did not answer, with his gun still pointing at David.
David crossed the room to the instrument and felt sweat on his forehead, but he took the violin from the wall as calmly as if he were a welcome visitor. He began to play the violin, one tune（曲子） after another. He was playing better than he had ever played in his life.
The old man stood there, attracted. The hatred in his eyes was giving way to a look of wonder. The gun was now pointed towards the floor. He began to beat time, tapping one foot on the dirt floor. When the final notes of the tune died away, the old man placed the gun in a corner.
“Well, stranger,” the old man said,“ you play the violin excellently. Maybe you’ll stay for dinner and play some more for me.”
After they had eaten, they sat in the spring sunshine outside the house. They talked about violin tunes. Not a word was said about Cal Richards.
About two hours later, David stood up and said, “Sorry! I must be getting back to the town.”
The old man sat, deep in thought. At last, he said, “I like the way you talk, and I like the way you play the violin. I guess you’re a good guy.” He paused as if it were hard to go on. Then, he said in a thick voice, “I—well, I’ll have a talk with Cal. I think he might give himself up tomorrow. You should be at the police station at noon.”
The next day, as the town clock struck twelve, an old man came up the street towards the police station. With him was a young fellow whose appearance told of many days in hiding.
51. In which order did the following things happen in the story?
a. David had a dinner with Cal’s pa.
b. Cal’s pa pointed a gun at David.
c. David saw a violin hanging on the wall.
d. David came to arrest Cal.
e. David played the violin, one tune after another.
A. a-c-d-b-e B. c-a-d-e-b C. d-b-e-c-a D. d-b-c-e-a
52. Why did David feel sweat on his forehead when he crossed the room to the violin?
A. The house was too hot. B. He was quite nervous.
C. He was in poor health. D. He looked very scary.
53. How do you understand “Music is power” according to the story?
A. Music is the good medicine for a broken heart.
B. Music can help policemen to save themselves.
C. Music makes people better understand each other.
D. Music can stop people from doing criminal things.
【答案】51. D 52. B 53. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了David去追捕一个杀人犯，却被一个老人用枪指着，David冷静地弹起了小提琴，最终在音乐的力量下，杀手和他的父亲去了警察局自首。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sure. I’m Cal’s pa. And you’re not going to get him.”；“The gun pointed at David.”；“Just the he caught sight of a violin hanging on the wall.”；“He began to play the violin, one tune（曲子） after another. ”和“Maybe you’ll stay for dinner and play some more for me.”可知，d-b-c-e-a符合句意。故选D。
【52题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“but he took the violin from the wall as calmly as if he were a welcome visitor.”可知，他平静地从墙上拿起小提琴，好像他是一位受欢迎的客人，与前句是转折关系，因此“felt sweat on his forehead”意为“他很紧张”。故选B。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，老人在听了David弹了小提琴之后，带着躲藏很久的犯人去警察局自首，由此可见音乐对人的影响是多么的大，能够帮助彼此更好地了解对方。故选C。
D
In 2018, Science Magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time remembering facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows more powerful, students can get knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?
Civilizations (文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When societies industrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines help us to get most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?
Researchers have realized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have biases (偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective (客观的), but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process (过程). In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.
Another problem relates to the ease (容易) of getting information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.
In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence (智慧), we can easily get to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The collapse of any of the networks of relations our health depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.
We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps they’re not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we slowly but unquestionably become strangers to future people.
54. Smart machines are likely to increase our biases because ________.
A. they go off course in testing and scoring B. we control the training process on them
C. we offer them too much information D. they overuse the provided answers
55. The ease of getting information from the Internet ________.
A. frees us from making efforts to learn new skills
B. prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speed
C. misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledge
D. separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines
56. The underlined word “collapse” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”.
A. a sudden failure B. the basic rule
C. an unhappy start D. the slow development
57. The writer’s main purpose in writing this passage is to ________.
A. question about the standards of information storage
B. discuss our problems of communication with machines
C. stress the importance of improving our remembering ability
D. remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember
【答案】54. B 55. C 56. A 57. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖科技，但这也带来了许多不利之处。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective (客观的), but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process (过程). In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.”可知，机器在训练的过程中，人类仍然决定正确的答案，因此会增加我们的偏见。故选B。。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. This can lead to the mistaken belief—the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.”可知，互联网会误导我们认为我们已经知道了这些知识。故选C。
【56题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“The collapse of any of the networks of relations our health depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results.”可知，网络崩溃会产生可怕的后果，因此“collapse”意为“a sudden failure”。故选A。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文和“n a new civilization rich in machine intelligence (智慧), we can easily get to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily.”可知，在一个新文明中，我们可以很容易地接触到存储信息的智能记忆网络。但对网络的依赖意味着很容易受到伤害。可见作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒我们依赖机器记忆的风险。故选D。

【无锡市蠡园中学2022年中考英语二模试卷】
C
“Breakfast’s on!” Mom called. I put on my sweater. My blue jeans had holes on the knees, like badges(徽章) of courage. My shirt was red. My socks were white and my shoes were black. My mom was color-blind, and my dad had no idea what was fashion. So I was all right.
It’s funny, sometimes, when you look at the people who brought you into this world and you see yourself so clearly in them. You realize that every person in the world is a compromise(妥协) of nature. I had my mother’s small-boned frame and her dark brown hair, but my father had given me his blue eyes and his sharp-bridged nose.
Sometimes I got nervous talking to people so I stayed quiet. In my fantasies, though, I walked along with the cowboys and detectives who parade past us on the television, and out in the woods that came up behind our house.
One thing I do know I got from my grandpa Jaybird, his curiosity about the world. Although he was seventy-six years old, he brought home things that made Grandma Sarah often shout, snake-skins and animals he’d found dead. One time he hung up a dead toad(蟾蜍) from a tree and invited me to watch the flies eat it. Maybe he was crazy. Maybe crazy is what they call anybody who’s got magic in them after they’re no longer a child.
On that morning before the sun, as I sat eating my breakfast with Dad and Mom in our house, the year was 1964. All I knew at that moment was that I needed another glass of orange juice.
So when breakfast was over and the dishes were cleared, after I had gone out into the cold to say good morning to Rebel and feed him. Mom kissed both Dad and me, I put on my jacket and got my schoolbooks and we went off in the old truck.
And there was Zephyr town before us, the town quiet in its dreaming, the moon in the sky.
31. The following sentence should be put at the end of __________.
But grandpa lit a candle of wonder in me and by that light I could see a long way beyond Zephyr town.
A. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5
32. What do you think of the writer’s grandpa?
A. Curious and energetic. B. Curious but impolite.
C. Strange but friendly. D. Creative and confident.
33. What can we infer from the passage about the writer?
A. He had a pet cat called Rebel.
B. He was a brave and outgoing boy.
C. He loved his grandpa but thought he was crazy.
D. He studied in Zephyr town which is far away from his home.
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D
【解析】本文介绍了作者一家人的情况、家庭生活以及从家人身上作者体会到的一些东西。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据“One thing I do know I got from my grandpa Jaybird...Maybe he was crazy.”可知，第四段说的是作者的爷爷的情况，所以题干中的句子“但爷爷在我心中点燃了一根神奇的蜡烛，借着这盏灯，我可以看到西风镇之外很远的地方。”应该放在第四段，故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“One thing I do know I got from my grandpa Jaybird, his curiosity about the world...Maybe he was crazy. Maybe crazy is what they call anybody who’s got magic in them after they’re no longer a child.”可知，作者的爷爷是好奇的，且充满活力的，故选A。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“I put on my jacket and got my schoolbooks and we went off in the old truck. And there was Zephyr town before us, the town quiet in its dreaming, the moon in the sky.”可知，作者在离家很远的西风镇学习，故选D。
D

The government is working to encourage larger families. To provide nursery(托儿所) care services has become the latest focal point in China’s push to raise the birthrate, according to official documents and experts.
Song Jian, deputy director of the Population Development Studies Centre at Renmin University of China in Beijing, said last year’s work report mainly pointed out the importance of the need to adjust(调整) family planning policies and make them more complete, while the 2022 report laid out real measures(措施). “The next step is to ensure implementation(落实),” Song said. “Developing nursery care services is an important measure to provide service support. It can help solve the problem of who looks after the kids before the baby reaches the age to get into a kindergarten.”
Nursery care services are widely considered to be a useful way of helping to raise the birthrate. That’s because such services can help women to achieve a balance between career and family, according to Wang Gewei and Zhao Yaohui, researchers at Peking University in Beijing. “Although high-income families can afford to hire nannies(保姆) or ask grandparents to look after the kids so the parents can return to the workplace, low-income families may not be able to do so because they cannot afford nannies, and the grandparents cannot give up their work to care for the kids.” they wrote in an article published in the journal Fudan Finance Review in January. The authors said providing high-quality, affordable nursery care services is the key to reducing or preventing the disadvantages that women face once they become mothers, such as being paid less because they work fewer hours.
However, lots of parents find it really difficult to find a suitable nursery care centre. A nursery worker Casey in Wuxi, Jiangsu province, said the Child Care Centre she works for costs about 2,500 yuan ($395) per baby per month. “Nearly all the parents are requiring us to adjust the price.” she said. As a frontline worker, she said that it is necessary for the Centre to be considerate and meet reasonable needs from parents. “For example, even though the official opening hour for the centre is around 8:30 a.m., parents can drop their kids off earlier, at 7:50 a.m., so they can go straight to work afterwards,” she said, “Besides, we have both traditional Chinese nursery care methods and Montessori education—a system developed by an Italian physician, so their children will receive good-quality care, and they will see rapid improvements in their children’s habits and cognitive(认知) skills.”
34. What does the word “focal” mean in Paragraph 1?
A. 重要的 B. 病灶的 C. 优先的 D. 反面的
35. Nursery care services can bring many advantages EXCEPT __________
A. They can help raise the birthrate.
B. They can help mothers to work fewer hours.
C. They can help mothers to take care of the kids.
D. They can help women to achieve a balance between career and family.
36. What can we learn from the passage?
A. China has paid more attention to raising the birthrate.
B. High-income families do not need nursery care services.
C. The government laid out real measures to raise birthrate in 2021.
D. Providing nursery care services are the only way to raise the birthrate.
37. The last paragraph mainly wants to tell us that _________
A. The nursery care centre costs too much money.
B. The nursery care centre should adjust their official opening hours.
C.A high level of education can be provided by the nursery care centre now.
D. There’s still a long way to provide people with suitable nursery care services.
【答案】34. A 35. B 36. A 37. D
【解析】本文介绍了提供托儿所服务已成为中国提高出生率的最新重点，但很难找到一个合适的托儿所的现状。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“To provide nursery(托儿所) care services has become the latest focal point in China’s push to raise the birthrate”可知，提供托儿所服务已成为中国提高出生率的最新重点，所以单词“focal”指的是“重要的”，故选A。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The authors said providing high-quality, affordable nursery care services is the key to reducing or preventing the disadvantages that women face once they become mothers, such as being paid less because they work fewer hours.”可知，提供高质量、负担得起的托儿服务是减少或防止女性成为母亲后所面临的不利条件的关键，比如因为工作时间短而工资低。故选B。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The government is working to encourage larger families. To provide nursery(托儿所) care services has become the latest focal point in China’s push to raise the birthrate, according to official documents and experts.”可知，提供托儿所服务已成为中国提高出生率的最新焦点，即中国更加重视提高出生率，故选A。
【37题详解】
段落大意题。根据“lots of parents find it really difficult to find a suitable nursery care centre.”以及整段的理解可知，本段主要是说很难找到一个合适的托儿所，即提供合适的托儿所服务还有很长的路要走，故选D。

【无锡市梁溪区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B
You change into your pajamas, turn off the lights, and get yourself ready to sleep. How do you prefer to sleep, on the back or on your side? Here are some interesting sleeping positions.
▸ Starfish Position
Starfish is when you lie on your back and sleep with your arms lifted near your head. Sleep scientist Idzikowski says starfish sleepers value friendship, and that while they prefer not to be the center of attention, people who sleep in this position are good listeners and quick to help others.
Fetal Position◂
The fetal position gets its name from the shape of a baby in the womb. People who sleep in the fetal position tend towards worry and anxiety. They are often shy and sensitive. In the fetal position, a sleeper’s body is essentially curled up into a ball as they lie on one side with legs and arms bent.
▸ Soldier Position
This sleeping position is kind of strange, but common. It’s when you sleep on your back with your arms down and very close to your body. Studies have shown that people who sleep like this may not like to make a big deal out of things. It is actually a good sleeping position, as it helps keep your spine in a straight line.
Freefall Position ◂
If this sleeping position is not familiar to you, you should know that at least 7% of the world’s population sleep that way. In this position, you have your hands on or around your pillow, with your head turned to one side. But it may create a twist in the neck. Some studies suggest that generally you’re a social person if you like to sleep in this position.
28. Which of the following pictures is most likely Fetal Position?
A. B. C. D.
29. If someone likes to sleep in the Freefall Position， he might like ________.
A. staying home alone
B. giving a helping hand
C. planning everything carefully
D. communicating with others
30. The passage can usually be read in the ________ part of the newspaper.
A. business B. travel
C. life D. sports
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C
【解析】本文介绍了几种睡姿和对应的人的性格。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The fetal position gets its name from the shape of a baby in the womb.”可知，该睡姿得名于子宫中婴儿的形状。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Freefall Position...generally you’re a social person if you like to sleep in this position.”可知，该睡姿的人擅长社交，也就是擅长与他人交流。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了几种睡姿和对应的人的性格，这与人的生活相关，因此是在报纸的生活版块。故选C。
C
One day Nils was studying at home when suddenly he fell asleep. When he woke up, he saw in the mirror— a tiny Nils! He had become only a little thumb toy figure!
But once he opened the door, he found all of swans circling around them. They chased him. They pinched (掐) him and laughed and said, “Now it is time for you to fear us!”
Then the wild swans flew in and saw their ancestors and said, “Hey, come on! Let us all go to beautiful Switzerland!”
A male swan named Max heard the wild swans, so he scooped up high into the sky. Nils found this good chance to experience new things and held on tight to Max’s neck. They both flew high above into the sky. Nils was very scared, so he didn’t open his eyes at first. At last, he got the courage to open his eyes and look down. He saw the white clouds high up the air and saw the black earth under the ground.
Max’s energy left him behind, so he fell behind the group. Max flapped his wings quickly and quickly, but he still felt down and down. Nils was very worried, so at first, he said, “Don’t worry, Max. You rest for a while and let’s go home!” Max liked his comfort, so he quickly caught up with the group.
The leader of the swans whose name was Oscar saw Nils and asked him, “Who are you?” Nils stood up and said: “My name is Nils. I was a human yesterday, but this morning…” Before Nils could finish his words, all the wild swans took a few steps back. Humans had been the swan’s enemy for centuries! No matter how hard Max tried to let Oscar agree to let Nils stay with them, Oscar still agreed to just let him stay with them for one night.
When they all slept snugly that night, a fox crept out behind a tree. He had kept his eyes on the wild swans for a while, and still thought of their delicious meat even as they slept. Oscar sensed this and told all the swans to get up and fly away to a safer place.
But Max left too quickly and dropped Nils down on the ground. Nils did not get hurt, but he did see the fox carrying the swan between his jaws. Nils shouted to him, “Hey, put the swan down!” He quickly grabbed the fox’s tail and pinched it with all his strength. This move allowed the fox to scream and so dropped the swan out of his mouth. Oscar said to Nils, “You are the first person to do good to a swan. So, you can stay with us for the rest of the journey.”
31. Which of the following can best describe Nils’ personality according to this story?
A. brave and curious B. kind and humorous
C. naughty but confident D. impolite but hard-working
32. What can we infer from the story?
A. Nils, who became tinier after sleep, is popular among the swans as usual.
B. Oscar, which is the leader of the swans, met Nils for the first time.
C. Max, which is good at flying, didn’t arrive in Switzerland finally.
D. The fox, which hid behind a tree, succeeded in catching the swan as its meal.
33. Which is the best title for the story?
A. Nils’s Dream B. Nils’s Enemies
C. Nils’s Adventure D. Nils’s Friends
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. C
【解析】本文是《骑鹅历险记》的节选内容。主要讲述了一个名叫尼尔斯的小男孩，非常淘气，一天他变成了拇指般大的小人儿，他骑在自家的大白鹅背上，跟着一群野鹅出发长途旅行，在旅行中他救了一鹅，野鹅答应让他和它们一起旅行。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Nils found this good chance to experience new things and held on tight to Max’s neck.”可知，他想要体验新事物，说明他很好奇；根据“He quickly grabbed the fox’s tail and pinched it with all his strength. This move allowed the fox to scream and so dropped the swan out of his mouth.”可知，他救了一只野鹅，说明他很勇敢。故选A。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The leader of the swans whose name was Oscar saw Nils and asked him, ‘Who are you?’”可知，野鹅的首领奥斯卡是第一次见尼尔斯。故选B。
【33题详解】
标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了尼尔斯变小之后和一群野鹅去探险的故事，所以选项C“尼尔斯的冒险”适合作为本文标题。故选C。
D

The Amazon rainforest is moving toward a “tipping point” past which trees will start to die off in large numbers, researchers have said.
The study, published in the Joumal of Natural Climate Change, was conducted by scholars from the University of Exeter, the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) and the Technical University of Munich. They used satellite data from 1991 to 2016 to examine trends in deforestation.
They calculated that 75 percent of the rainforest is now at risk of being unable to recover when experiencing droughts, which are also increasingly more common because of global warming.
“Deforestation and climate change are likely to be the main drivers of this decline,” Niklas Boers of PIK and the Technical University of Munich told the BBC. The study has predicted that it is only a matter of decades until a “significant chunk” of the Amazon is changed from rainforest into savannah (大草原).
What would the world be like without the Amazon rainforest?
The destruction of the Amazon rainforest, in some ways caused by global warming, will also speed up this process. “The Amazon stores lots of carbon and all of that would be released into the atmosphere, which would then further contribute to increasing temperatures and have future effects on global mean temperatures,” Professor Boulton of the University of Exeter told the BBC.
This worrying snowball effect means that the destruction of the Amazon will make the much larger battle against global warming more difficult.
The destruction of the Amazon would also have a huge influence on the ecology of the Earth. The Amazon rainforest is home to more than 30,000 species of plants, 2.5 million species of insects, 2,500 fish, over 1,500 bird species, 550 reptiles, and 500 mammals, according to the Wildlife Conservation Society. A savannah, a grassland environment that lacks a large variety of plant life, would be unable to host the large and varied ecosystems that currently exist in the rainforest. It is likely that many animals would become endangered or even die out, as they would be unable to adjust to this new ecosystem.
34. What does the underlined phrase “tipping point” mean in this passage?
A. return to zero B. begin to become less
C. remain unchanged D. begin to become more
35. How is the last paragraph developed?
A. By listing numbers. B. By analyzing causes.
C. By comparing ideas. D. By describing details.
36. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Researchers used satellite data to check trends in deforestation for more than 30 years.
B. Deforestation and climate change are surely the main factors of the decline of the rainforest.
C. The process of destruction of the rainforest will slow down because action has been taken.
D. It is highly possible that the ecology of the Earth will become out of control.
37. The writer wrote this passage ________.
A. to describe a lot of endangered species B. to predict the special life in the future
C. to explain the way to protect the environment D. to make us pay attention to the rainforest
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. D 37. D
【解析】本文主要讲述了亚马逊雨林在逐渐消失，并讲述了亚马逊雨林消失的危害。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“The Amazon rainforest is moving toward a “tipping point” past which trees will start to die off in large numbers”可知亚马逊雨林的树木在大量减少，故此处划线部分意为“开始变少”。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The Amazon rainforest is home to more than 30,000 species of plants, 2.5 million species of insects, 2,500 fish, over 1,500 bird species, 550 reptiles, and 500 mammals, according to the Wildlife Conservation Society”可知最后一段是通过列数字来描述雨林的重要性。故选A。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The destruction of the Amazon would also have a huge influence on the ecology of the Earth...It is likely that many animals would become endangered or even die out, as they would be unable to adjust to this new ecosystem.”可知亚马逊雨林的破坏会让很多动物灭绝，可能会让地球的生态系统失去控制。故选D。
【37题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了亚马逊雨林在逐渐消失，并讲述了亚马逊雨林消失的危害，故作者写这篇文章是为了让人们关注雨林。故选D。

【无锡市天一实验学校2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B

The Enigma is a small hotel that has just 12 rooms (1-12). On one particular night, half the rooms were occupied (居住). Those in residence that night were three married couples-Mr and Mrs Haller (German), Mr and Mrs Dupont (French), and Mr and Mrs Davies (English)-and three people on their own-Ms Silver (American), Mrs Holgrove (English) and Mr Conti (Italian).
Can you say who was staying in which room from the information given below?
A. Only two even-numbered (偶数) rooms were in use.
B. The two odd numbers (奇数) not in use add up to 16, as do the two even numbers that were in use.
C. A married couple was in Room 11.
D. Room 6 was empty.
E. Residents (房客) of the same nationality were in Rooms 3 and 5.
F. Room 4 was occupied by one person only.
G. Although they had not planned a joint visit, the French couple knew the couple in Room 11 before.
H. The American had to borrow some coffee from the resident of Room 4 when she got no answer at the door of Room 1.
I. The numbers of the rooms occupied by married couples added up to 17.
Problem-solving and Thinking Skills Resources for Able and Talented Children 81
© Barry Teare (Network Continuum Education, 2006)
28. Which part of the book does this page belong to?
A. Problem Solving B. Logical Thinking C. Prediction D. Wordplay
29. Who may stay in Room 4?
A. Mr and Mrs Haller. B. Mr and Mrs Davies. C. Ms Silver. D. Mr Conti.
30. Which of the following is TRUE according to the page?
A. The residents come from six different countries.
B. Enigma is the owner of the hotel.
C. The page is from a book designed for children.
D. Only two rooms were in use that night.
【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C
【解析】本文是一篇思维逻辑推理文章，主要讲述了房间对应的人物。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据图片内容“Logical thinking”可知，这篇文章属于思维逻辑类型的；故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Room 4 was occupied by one person only.”可知，4号房间只有一人，排除选项A、B；再者根据“The American had to borrow some coffee from the resident of Room 4 when she got no answer at the door of Room 1.”可知，那个美国人在1号房间门口没有人应声，只好向4号房间的住客借咖啡，而美国人是“Ms Silver”；因此4号房间是Mr Conti；故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Problem-solving and Thinking Skills Resources for Able and Talented Children 81”可知，这篇文章是为儿童设计的，故选C。
C
That night we cooked goat’s meat on the fire and drank wine from the Hispaniola. I was happy to be with my friends again. Long John Silver smiled and poured wine for everyone.
The next morning, we started to move the treasure from the cave to the Hispaniola. We didn’t see the mutineers (叛变者). It took two days to get all that treasure onto the ship, but finally it was done. On the third day we left some food, guns, and medicines on the beach for the three pirates. We had decided to leave them on the island, it wasn’t safe to take them with us on the ship.
We then went on board the Hispaniola and sailed out of the northern harbour. We sailed to the nearest port in South America. When we arrived on land, we were welcomed by the friendly, smiling people. They sold us fruit and vegetables and showed us the town.
The streets were full of light and music! So different from the miserable (痛苦的) island we had just left. We spent the night in the town, leaving Ben Gunn to guard the ship. When we returned the next morning, Ben said, “Silver’s gone! He escaped (逃跑) on a boat last night. He took a bag of coins with him. I’m not sorry! We weren’t safe with Long John Silver on board!”
The next day we hired some sailors from the town and set sail for England. We each got a part of the treasure. I went back to the Admiral Benbow and lived happily with my mother. We hired some people to help us in the inn so we don’t have to work so hard any more. The squire is living well on his part of the treasure in our old village near Bristol. Gray used his money well! He studied his profession and became first mate on a fine ship. He is now married and the father of a family. Ben Gunn got one thousand pounds and spent it in nineteen days. The squire hired him to work in his great house in the village. The people in the village laugh at him because he spent all that money so quickly, but he doesn’t care. He’s happy working for the squire, and he sings in the village church.
I never heard anything more of Long John Silver. That one-legged sailor disappeared from my life. No doubt he is living happily somewhere with his wife and his parrot Captain Flint. I hope he is enjoying this life, because his possibilities of comfort in the next life are very small.
—Excerpted from Treasure Island
31. How might they feel when they leave the island?
A. Joyful. B. Unsatisfied. C. Regretful. D. Surprised.
32. Which of the following shows the correct route of their trip?
A. England – South America – The cave – The northern harbour
B. The northern harbour – The cave – South America – England
C. The cave – The northern harbour– England – South America
D. The cave – The northern harbour – South America – England
33. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The three pirates were left on the island and would die soon.
B. People getting a part of the treasure all spent it in a satisfying way.
C. Long John ran away because he didn’t get as much treasure as he wanted.
D. Gray got married and became a father as soon as he returned to England.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B
【解析】本文主要讲述了从金银岛回来之后的生活。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，他们把宝藏都搬到船上，且没有看到反叛者，可见离开岛屿时，他们应该会很开心；故选A。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The next morning, we started to move the treasure from the cave to the Hispaniola.”；“We then went on board the Hispaniola and sailed out of the northern harbour.”；“We sailed to the nearest port in South America. ”和“The next day we hired some sailors from the town and set sail for England.”可知，正确的路线是The cave – The northern harbour – South America – England；故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，每个人都得到了一部分宝藏，都用自己满意的方式花费宝藏；故选B。
D

Are you interested in the idea of space travel? More than ever before, it is becoming a reality.
In July 2021, Richard Branson, the founder of Virgin Galactic, and Jeff Bezos, the founder of space company Blue Origin, flew into space aboard spacecraft developed by their own respective companies.
When explaining the importance of space travel, Branson told Daily Mail that many people are not “fully educated as to what space does for Earth”. He said that “we need more rocketships going into space because they can help us to know more about things like climate change”.
“We have to build a road to space so that the younger generation and their kids can build a future,” Bezos told MSNBC. He added that space tourism is the first step toward moving people (and heavy industry) into space to prevent an energy crisis on Earth.
But some people have different opinions. They think it is part of the so-called “billionaire space race”, which offers what’s seen by some as “joyrides” for the super-wealthy.
According to Forbes, one open seat on the Blue Origin rocket was sold for $28 million (181 million yuan) at auction (拍卖会) in June.
“A lot of people believe there is a market for space tourism, but right now it’s at the very high end,” Howard McCurdy, a space policy expert at American University in the US, told the website Technology Review. “If we’re going into space, who’s the ‘we’? Is it just the top 1 percent of the top 1 percent?”
So with the sky-high prices, should ordinary people give up their dream of space exploration?
Maybe not. US flight engineer Bobak Ferdowsi said that we are at the point at which space tourism is a privilege (特权) preserved for the super-rich, but that doesn’t mean the trend will last forever. He predicts that the price will come down. “Maybe in 10 to 15 years, it’s a decision between do I buy a new car, or do I go into space? We should invest (投资) in a future that allows us to live somewhere else.”
34. What does the underlined word “crisis” mean in this passage?
A. A big chance. B. A bad situation. C. A special type. D. A power station.
35. What do Branson and Bezos think of space tourism?
A. It is too dangerous for humans.
B. It is meaningful to the future generations.
C. It is a privilege for the super-wealthy.
D. It may cause problems like climate change.
36. If there will be, what might be the next timeline according to the passage?
A. 2030s Space tourism: Joyrides for all.
B. 2020s Space tourism: Joyrides for private citizens.
C. 2030s Not only super-rich went into space.
D. 2020s The public enjoyed space exploration.
37. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. The first non-government astronaut from the US went into space in the late 20th century.
B. People with different opinions think the market for space tourism is at the very high end.
C. Blue Origin plans to cut down the price so that ordinary people can go into space.
D. Virgin Galactic and Blue Origin sent their founders into space with their own spacecraft.
【答案】34. B 35. B 36. C 37. C
【解析】本文主要介绍了太空旅行的现状及一些人对太空旅行的看法。
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“He added that space tourism is the first step toward moving people (and heavy industry) into space to prevent an energy crisis on Earth.”可知把人类和重工业转移到太空是为了阻止能源危机，crisis在此处指“一个很糟糕的情况”。故选B。
【35题详解】
观点态度题。根据“When explaining the importance of space travel, Branson told Daily Mail that many people are not ‘fully educated as to what space does for Earth’. He said that ‘we need more rocketships going into space because they can help us to know more about things like climate change’. ‘We have to build a road to space so that the younger generation and their kids can build a future,’ Bezos told MSNBC.”可知Branson认为我们需要更多的火箭进入太空，因为它们可以帮助我们更多地了解气候变化等问题，而Bezos认为我们必须建造一条通往太空的道路，这样年轻一代和他们的孩子就可以建设一个未来。由此推出他们对太空旅行的看法是这对后代是有意义的。故选B。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“He predicts that the price will come down. ‘Maybe in 10 to 15 years, it’s a decision between do I buy a new car, or do I go into space? We should invest in a future that allows us to live somewhere else.’ ”可知Bobak Ferdowsi指出太空旅行的价格将会在10至15年后降下来，下一个时间轴可能是“21世纪三十年代不仅仅是超级富豪进入了太空”。故选C。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据“According to Forbes, one open seat on the Blue Origin rocket was sold for $28 million (181 million yuan) at auction in June.”可知蓝色起源并没有计划降价，C项错误。故选C。

【无锡市外国语学校2022年中考英语二模试卷】
B
I had failed again. It was the day of the big marathon. I had decided three years ago to train for the half-marathon event and take home a medal. There I sat, in front of my TV, while I watched others cross the finish line. It was just another in a long string (串) of failures. I had never met a single weight loss or fitness goal and I was majoring in the art of failing.
We are a family of exploration and often plan active vacations. It seemed that on every vacation I was the one who couldn’t go the distance. Each time I urged (催促) my family, “Go without me. Bring me lots of pictures and videos. I’ll be fine just sitting here taking in the view. I lied. Sick of being blind, I decided that it would never happen again. Surely I was in my 50s, but surely there was still hope for me. I always spent weeks walking to prepare for our active vacations. I had lost weight many times. I just always seemed to fail to get where I needed to be.
But this time I would do something different. I was going to walk a half marathon. Surely I would lose weight and get in shape if I could complete over 12 miles in four hours. Besides, this would be training. Training sounded cooler than diet and exercise. I was revved up and ready to go. I bought the proper gear (装备), checked out what type of drinks would be handed out at the marathon and prepared a lot. I had a plan!
Now two years later, there I sat, watching thousands of people of all ages succeed where I had failed. I walked out, angry with myself, sat down and had myself a pity party. I was a master at the art of pity parties, having a great deal of experience in holding them. What was my problem? Where was I going wrong? I stopped and considered each failure, one by one. I made some very interesting discoveries.
I had failed to climb to the top of that Mayan pyramid, but I did climb it and stood on those ancient stones.1 had failed to meet a single weight loss goal and yet I had lost 43 pounds. I couldn’t walk 12 miles in four hours, but I could walk 12 miles.
All my failures were sounding like a success story. This time was giving thanks. I was thankful that I had been given the spirit of failure because failure meant that I was trying, that I didn’t give up. I decided that I would be crossing the finish line next year.
28. What can you learn from the passage?
A. The writer didn’t lose any weight in the end.
B. The writer didn’t climb the Mayan pyramid.
C. The writer didn’t take part in the big marathon.
D. The writer didn’t have holidays with his family.
29. What does the underlined sentence “I was revved up.” probably mean?
A. I got excited. B. I felt moved. C. I was pushed. D. I was chosen.
30. Which words can best describe the writer in the passage?
A. Clever and friendly. B. Interesting and proud.
C. Humorous and hopeful. D. Kind and strong-willed.
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C
【解析】本文主要讲述了作者参加半程马拉松，虽然作者每次的计划都失败了，但是从某种意义上来说，每次失败都有新的收获和进步。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据“It was the day of the big marathon. I had decided three years ago to train for the half-marathon event and take home a medal. There I sat, in front of my TV, while I watched others cross the finish line.”可知作者是坐在电视机前看着别人通过终点线，由此可推知作者没有参加马拉松。故选C。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“Training sounded cooler than diet and exercise. I was revved up and ready to go”可知训练听起来比饮食和锻炼更酷，所以作者很兴奋，故此句意为“我很兴奋”。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者通篇以幽默的口吻对自己没能参加马拉松，没能爬上玛雅金字塔等一事无成的表现进行调侃，但是在结尾处又表明不会放弃并觉得继续尝试，由此可知作者很有幽默感并满怀希望。故选C。
C
Oliver Twist was born in a workhouse, and when he arrived in this hard world, it was very doubtful whether he would live beyond the first three minutes. He lay on a hard little bed and tried hard to start breathing.
Oliver had his first fight without much help from the two people present at his birth. One was an old woman, who was nearly always drunk, and the other was a busy local doctor, who was not paid enough to be very interested in Oliver’s survival. _______.
However, Oliver finally drew his first breath, and then announced his arrival to the rest of the workhouse by crying loudly. His mother raised her pale young face from the pillow(枕头) and said, “Let me see the child, and die.”
The doctor turned away from the fire, where he had been warming his hands. “You must not talk about dying yet,” he said to her kindly. He gave her the child to hold. Lovingly, she kissed the baby with her cold white lips, then looked wildly around the room, fell back—and died. “Poor dear!” said the nurse, hurriedly putting a green glass bottle back in the pocket of her long skirt.
The doctor began to put on his coat. “The baby is weak and will probably be in danger,” he said. “If so, give it a little milk to keep it quiet.” Then he looked at the dead woman. “The mother was a good-looking girl. Where did she come from?”
“ She was brought here last night,” replied the old woman. “She was found lying in the street. She’d walked some distance, Her shoes were worn to pieces. Where she came from, where she was going to, or what her name was, nobody knows.”
The doctor lifted the girl’s left hand. “The old story,” he said sadly, shaking his head. “No wedding ring, I see. Ah! Good night.”
And so Oliver was left with only the drunken nurse. Without clothes, under his first blanket, he could have been the child of a king or a beggar (乞丐). But when the woman dressed him later in hard cotton clothes, yellow with age, he looked exactly what he was—an orphan (孤儿) in a workhouse, ready for a life of sadness, hunger, and neglect (忽略).
Oliver cried loudly. If he could have known that he was a workhouse orphan, perhaps he would have cried even more loudly.
31. According to the passage, a workhouse was where ________.
A. workers helped each other B. many women died unexpectedly
C. the poor and homeless lived D. people were only interested in money
32. Which sentence is most suitable for the blank in Paragraph 2?
A. Being afraid of the two, he started to cry.
B. Therefore, he felt very lonely in the world.
C. In fact, the world was privileged to have him in it.
D. After all, death was a common event in the workhouse.
33. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Oliver was born into the world on a cold day.
B. The children in the baby farm were taken good care of.
C. Doctors were usually paid too little for the work they did.
D. Many people， especially women, drank heavily at that time.
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. A
【解析】文章大意：叙述了Oliver Twist的出生及悲惨的童年。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文意可知Oliver的母亲晕倒街头被带到workhouse(济贫院)，在这里生下了Oliver，文中对workhouse艰苦简陋的条件可知这是穷人和无家可归者住的地方，故选C。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。本段讲了Oliver Twist出生时的情况：现场一个是几乎喝醉了的老护士，另一个是繁忙的当地医生，由于没有给足够的钱所以对Oliver的存活并不感兴趣。C. After all, death was a common event in the workhouse.“毕竟在济贫院死亡是常有的事”符合文意，故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段The doctor turned away from the fire, where he had been warming his hands.可推断天气很冷，A正确；B、C项文中未提到；根据without the inconvenience of too much food or too much clothing.和 frequent beatings by Mrs Mann可知孩子们的生活饥饿、悲惨，D项错误。故选A。
D
Many of us listen to music while we work, thinking that it will help us to concentrate (集中) the task at hand. And in fact, recent research has found that music can have beneficial effects (有益效果) on creativity. When it comes to other areas of performance, however, the influence of background music is more complicated (复杂的).
The idea that listening to music when working is beneficial is probably based on the so-called “Mozart effect”. Put simply, this is the finding that spatial rotation (空间旋转) perfornance is increased immediately after listening to the music of Mozart, compared to no sound at all.
How sound affects performance has been the topic of research for over 40 years, and is observed through a fact called the irrelevant sound effect (无关声音效应). To study irrelevant sound effect, volunteers in the research are asked to complete a simple task which requires them to recall a series of numbers or letters in the exact order in which they saw them. The tricky thing is being able to do this while ignoring (忽视) any background noise.
Two key characteristics of the irrelevant sound effect are required for its observation. First, the task must require the person to use their rehearsal (复述) abilities; and second, the sound must include acoustical (声学的) change. Where the sound does not change much, the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions.
The irrelevant sound effect itself comes from trying to deal with two sources of ordered information at the same time — one from the task and one from the sound. Unfortunately, only the former is required to successfully perform the recall task, and the effort in making sure that irrelevant order information from the sound is not dealt with actually prevents this ability.
A similar conflict is also seen when reading while in the presence of lyrical music. In this situation, the two sources of words — from the task and the sound — are in conflict. The cost is poorer performance of the task in the presence of music with lyrics.
What this all means is that whether having music playing in the background helps or prevents performance depends on the task and on the type of music, and only understanding this relationship will help people maximize their productivity levels.
34. “Mozart effect” is mentioned to ________.
A. explain how music can relax people B. show music can improve performance
C. advise people to listen to Mozart music D. stress Mozart music gains wide attention
35. It can be inferred that volunteers in the research ________.
A. have improved their rehearsal ability B. perform better in the quiet conditions
C. ignore the background noise successfully D. prefer the music with great sound change
36. Paragraph 6 is written to ________.
A. support an idea B. make a comparison C. introduce a topic D. describe a fact
37. What is the best title for the passage?
A.Music shapes your life. B. Music develops your creativity.
C. Choose quiet music for your work. D. Does music make you concentrate?
【答案】34. B 35. B 36. A 37. D
【解析】本文主要介绍了听音乐与人们工作生产力和创造力之间的关系。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Put simply, this is the finding that spatial rotation perfornance is increased immediately after listening to the music of Mozart, compared to no sound at all.”可知提到莫扎特效应是为了表明音乐可以改善人们的表现。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Where the sound does not change much, the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions.”可知在声音变化不大的情况下，任务的表现更接近安静条件下的观察结果，由此推出参与研究的志愿者在安静的环境下表现更好。故选B。
【36题详解】
段落大意题。通读第六段内容可知这段话主要是为了说明“听有歌词的音乐时任务表现更差”这个观点。故选A。
【37题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文内容可知本文主要介绍了听音乐与人们工作生产力和创造力之间的关系，用“Does music make you concentrate?”做标题最合适。故选D。