中考英语一轮复习【讲通练透】考点29 阅读理解之说明文

这是一份中考英语一轮复习【讲通练透】考点29 阅读理解之说明文，文件包含考点29阅读理解之说明文-讲通练透教师版docx、考点29阅读理解之说明文-讲通练透学生版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共74页， 欢迎下载使用。

中考英语总复习方法指导
中考英语考点一遍过为了帮助考生更好的冲刺中考英语，从命题趋势、易错警示、方法技巧、跟踪训练、真题再现等几个方面帮孩子更准、更快、更有效的复习。
中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。
通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。我们从双基入手，紧扣中考知识点来组织单元过关。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。
第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体，力求实现基础知识重点化，重点知识网络化，网络知识题型化，题型设计生活化。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。
复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。


【讲通练透】考点29 阅读理解之说明文
＂英语说明文＂，顾名思义，就是一种以＂说明、解释＂为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
说明文阅读理解的特征
一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who → what → when → where → how → why。
1. who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）
2. what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）
3. when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）
4. how：通过什么方式表现出来的？
5. why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？
做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。


A
In the cafeteria at Hengyang No.1 Middle School in Hunan Province, new banners (条幅) are put up: Who knows that each bowl of rice is the fruit of hard toil (谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦)? Clear your plate; refuse to waste food.
This is part of a nationwide campaign to cut down on food waste in China. The cafeteria’s manager told Hengyang News that they used to waste 100kg of food every day. But this amount has dropped by 75percent, as students are encouraged to take just the amount of food they need.
Many restaurants in China are also joining in. They encourage people to order dishes using the “N-1” formula(公式). “N” stands for the number of diners at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes. If people can’t finish their meals, they are encouraged to take the leftovers(剩菜) home.
In fact, food waste has been a big problem for a long time around the world. According to a study by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese restaurants wasted 17 to 18 million tons of food a year from 2013 to 2015. That could feed 30 to 50 million people for a whole year. The UN says there are 820 million people around the world who live in hunger.
By cutting down on food waste, we could help put food on the empty plates of many hungry people.
1．What are the new banners about at Hengyang No.1 Middle School in Hunan Province?
A．About refusing to waste food. B．About ordering their favorite food
C．About improving their grades. D．About making friends with others.
2．How many dishes should you just order if there are eight people at your table?
A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight.
3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
A．820 million people around the world live in hunger at the moment.
B．Chinese restaurants wasted 7 to 8 million tons of food a year.
C．Hengyang No.1 Middle School used to waste 100kg of food every day.
D．Many restaurants in China are also joining in reducing food waste.
4．What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph?
A．We could put saved food on the empty plates by cutting down on food waste.
B．Customers should be encouraged to take the leftovers home.
C．Cutting down on food waste could help many hungry people.
D．Food waste has been a big problem for a long time around the world.
B
There are a large number of search engine apps (搜索引擎应用程序) on the Internet, but some of them are not good for kids. To make a green Internet world for teenagers, Xinhua News Agency and Chinaso made a new search engine app together. It is called Huayang Search. or “Young” in English.
“Young” is China’s first search engine app for teenagers. By using it, kids can look for useful information and find answers to their questions online. The app makes sure that kids will get nothing bad from the Internet. Similar to other search engine apps, it has lots of age-appropriate (适龄内容), such as online lessons, educational videos and interesting cartoons. Kids can choose what they like to watch.
To protect kids’ eyes, the app has screen time rules. So parents don’t need to worry that their children will look at the screen for a very long time.
People started to download (下载) the app before Children’s Day this year. So far, the app has been downloaded more than 10 million times.
5．The app “Young” is made for _________.
A．children                     B．search engines                     C．parents                     D．English students
6．What can users do with Huayang Search?
① Take online classes.                     ② Look for all kinds of information.
③ Watch educational videos and cartoons.    ④Find answers to their questions.
A．①②③④                                B．①②③                                C．①③④                                D．②③④
7．Which word can best describe Huayang Search?
A．Expensive.                          B．Popular.                          C．Similar.                          D．Interesting.
C
China has accepted Western fashion and technology as it has developed these years, but a lot of young people are turning to the past for their clothes choices and putting on traditional “hanfu”.
As the government encourages the renaissance(复兴) of traditional culture, hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. Every year, we can enjoy different hanfu shows around the cities. These shows bring us back to Han Dynasty. We learn more about the history, culture and beauty from them.
Hanfu hasn’t been in the same style since Han Dynasty. However, this kind of clothes has something in common. They all have large soft robes (袍子), with sleeves that hang down to the knees, so the hands can’t be seen.
In modern China, the hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans.
“Clothes are the basic part of culture, so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture,” said Zhang Jun, a famous reporter. “If the people and the country do not even understand our traditional clothes or don’t wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?”
8．Hanfu is getting more and more popular because__________.
A．China has accepted Western fashion B．China has accepted Western technology
C．China has developed in recent years D．the government encourages traditional culture
9．Who are hanfu lovers in China nowadays?
A．History fans. B．Cartoon fans. C．Clothes fans. D．All of the above.
10．What does the underlined word “sleeves” mean?
A．衣领 B．衣袖 C．纽扣 D．拉链
11．According to Zhang Jun, he thinks__________.
A．clothes are not the part of culture
B．it’s not necessary for us to wear hanfu
C．clothes help us understand our culture better
D．hanfu isn’t so important as modern clothes
D
It is Sunday tomorrow. Jimmy plans to go to the science museum with his friends Nick and Danny. Nick’s and Danny’s homes are very close to the science museum, so they will walk there. How should Jimmy go? Here is some advice from his family.
Alice
I know your bike is broken. You can ride my bike to the museum. But you need to be back before 3 p.m. I will go swimming with Louise in the afternoon.
Mum
You can take a bus. The nearest bus stop is 350 meters away from our home. It’s on Fifth Street.
Dad
Well, I am going to a car show tomorrow morning. It’s near the science museum. Do you want me to give you a ride? The science museum opens at 9:00 a.m., but I have to go early, at 7:45 a.m. The car show is from 8:15 a.m. to 10:55 a.m.

12．How will Nick go to the science museum?A．By bike. B．On foot. C．By bus. D．By car.
13．What time does the science museum open?
A．At 9:00 am. B．At 10:45 am. C．At 8:15 am. D．At 7:45.
14．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．It is Sunday today.
B．Jimmy’s mum advises him to ride a bike to the museum.
C．Jimmy’s bike is broken.
D．The car show lasts（持续）for three and a half hours.
E
When traditional Chinese food baozi and the pizza meet together, what will probably happen? These days a kind of new food called “Baozza” is getting popular online. In Beijing, many local people and a number of foreigners are the fans of the food. Why?
The new food has the features of Chinese baozi and Western pizza. It has included the tastes of the two kinds of food. The restaurant, located in Beijing, serves all kinds of tastes of Baozza such as marguerite and BBQ chicken.
The inventors of the food are a few American businessmen. They used to travel to Southern China for business meetings. After they saw and ate baozi made of pork or vegetables many times, they came up with the great idea of creating Baozza.
Alex Cree, one of the inventors, said, “We were talking about the idea of making a kind of special baozi with more traditional Western tastes like that of hamburgers and pizza. And then we called it ‘pizza baozi’.”
“There are a lot of people who only order one or two Baozza for the first time. They worry that the food doesn’t taste so good,” Loren Heinold, another inventor, said. “However, they will ask immediately for more when they turn around.”
15．Who was Baozza invented by?
A．Some local people in Beijing. B．A few Americans in Beijing.
C．Some Chinese people in America. D．A few businessmen in South China.
16．Why do some people only buy one or two Baozza for the first time?
A．Because they have enough money.
B．Because they don’t like the special taste.
C．Because they worry that it isn’t healthy.
D．Because they worry that it isn’t delicious.
17．Which of the following is TRUE about Baozza?
A．It’s exactly a kind of pizza.
B．It’s sold only in South China.
C．It’s loved by more and more customers.
D．It’s made of pork or vegetables.
18．What’s the best title for the passage?
A．A Kind of New Food Called Baozza.
B．American Businessmen in Beijing.
C．The Differences Between baozi and pizza.
D．Delicious Traditional Chinese Food.
F
Are you angry by the noise of your alarm clock every morning? Still feel sleepy after getting up? Now, you can say goodbye to that annoying alarm clock; you needn’t hear its unpleasant noise every morning.
The Glo Pillow(发光枕) can wake you up with soft LED lights. The lights produce the brightness over 40 minutes just like the sunrise.
The pillow is taking the place of the traditional alarm clock. It was designed(设计) by Eoin McNally and lan Walton to be against the pressures of a “24 hour” lifestyle.
The pillow uses a kind of LED material below the surface. It wakes the user up with light. The material can also show the time on the pillow’s surface, and it is perfect for those who sleep with their heads completely buried(埋) face down into the pillow. 40 minutes before the preset(预设) alarm time, the pillow begins to glow and gently brings the user out of sleep. The natural waking process helps to set “body clock” and makes people build a healthy sleep-and-wake habit slowly.
19．The pillow wakes people up with ________
A．smell B．sound C．light D．touch
20．The waking process is helpful to ________.
A．be against the pressures B．bury their faces
C．build a healthy habit fast D．set “body clock”
21．Which is the best title for this passage?
A．Body clock is useful to people B．Glo Pillow brings you out of sleep
C．Two men created a new product D．A new kind of LED lights wakes you up
G
China and Western countries have something different in cultures about certain animals, but when it comes to pigs, we have the same idea—pigs are ugly, lazy and stupid.
Just look at some Chinese sayings such as “Boiling a dead pig.” and “A pig looking in the mirror is still a pig.” And in English, there are some expressions like “Eating like a pig.” and “Pigs might fly.” None of them are complimentary.
However, pigs have some good qualities(品质). They are even as smart as dogs and elephants. They have good memories. And they know whether people treat them well or not.
A UK cartoon, Peppa Pig is a most popular cartoon. The four members in the pig family teach children from all around the world about love, friendship and the value of family. And a Chinese cartoon film, The Adventures of McDull, is also very famous. In the cartoon, the little pig, McDull, has a heart of gold and always works hard towards his dreams. Most people want quick success, but McDull is slow and patient, and not afraid of failing again and again.
Maybe when we talk about pigs next time, we should think of their good qualities.
22．China and western countries have ________ in cultures according to the passage.
A．the same idea towards pigs B．different ideas towards pigs
C．the same idea towards all the animals D．different ideas towards all the animals
23．What does the underlined word “complimentary” mean in Chinese?
A．固执的 B．赞美的 C．负面的 D．诚恳的
24．The writer gives the two examples of cartoons in the passage to show ______
A．pigs have good qualities B．the two cartoons are well-known’s
C．both Chinese and English children like pigs D．pigs have bad qualities
H
“The Chinese Dream” is a very hot topic. Many Chinese young people are inspired by the Chinese Dream, Everyone has their own dreams. They give us courage and confidence to keep us going through difficulties. Here are some pieces of advice on how to realize our beautiful dreams.
Never giving up is the key to make our dreams come true. We may fail from time to time, but we can learn from failure, correct our mistakes and try again until we achieve our goals. Our life is like a long journey which is not all roses. It sometimes has wind and rain. We believe rainbows will appear after storms.
Cooperation is also necessary. Everyone likes a person who is good at cooperating with others. Besides, in our society most problems can’t be solved by one person alone. Cooperation is becoming one of the most important ways for people living in the developing society.
At the same time. we should learn to examine our abilities because it helps us know our advantages and disadvantages as well as get a full control of ourselves. Then we may be confident enough to face challenges.
Follow the suggestions above, and our dreams are sure to come true.
25．What can dream give us?
A．Success. B．Confidence and courage. C．Happiness. D．Rights (权力).
26．How can we achieve our dreams?
A．Work hard. B．Have a long journey. C．Never give up D．Make fewer mistakes.
27．The underlined word “It” in the second paragraph refers to
A．never giving up our dreams B．our life C．a long journey D．learning from failure
28．Which is the best title for this passage?
A．The Chinese Dream B．Cooperation is Necessary
C．Examine Our Abilities D．Advice on How to Realize Our Beautiful Dreams

A
（2021·湖南郴州市·中考真题）
There are many beautiful train lines around the world. Here are three that are worth travelling.

Qinghai-Tibet Railway, China
It is the highest railway in the world, climbing 5,000 meters above sea level. From Xining to Lhasa, the railway crosses many mountains and rivers. It also passes through the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve(可可西里自然保护区), the home to many wild animals.

Kumamon Train, Japan
Japan is famous for its train travel industry. Its trains often feature popular cartoon, game or mascot (吉祥物) characters. A good example is the Kumamon Train. It has the face of Kumamon on its front and back. You can see beautiful views (景色) of the ocean from this train.

Rocky Mountaineer, Canada
Rocky Mountaineer offers beautiful mountain and river scenery. Passengers can choose the glass-dome (玻璃顶的) cars. The cars have two floors. Passengers can go to the top floor to get 360-degree views of the scenery outside. Dining rooms are downstairs. There is also an outdoor viewing platform (平台) where you can go outside to enjoy fresh air.
1．Which train line runs from Xining to Lhasa?______
A．Qinghai-Tibet Railway. B．Kumamon Train. C．Rocky Mountaineer.
2．What can you do on the Kumamon Train?______
A．See many wild animals.
B．See beautiful views of the ocean.
C．Go outside to enjoy fresh air.
3．Where can you get 360-degree views of the scenery outside on the glass-dome cars?______
A．On the first floor. B．On the top floor. C．On the outdoor viewing platform.
B
（2021·湖南郴州市·中考真题）
Computers, smartphones, and other machines are the perfect servants. They always do what they are “told”. We usually “tell” them to do things by using a mouse or keyboard. But what if we could just talk to them normally and tell them what to do?
This type of technology, known as voice control or voice recognition (识别), has been shown in films and TV shows since the 1960s. The TV show Star Trek showed some spaceships which could reply to human voice commands (命令). The film 2001: A Space Odyssey showed a computer that human astronauts could talk to. It was mainly used to play chess and repair the astronauts’ spaceship.
On the other hand, real-world voice recognition is used for more everyday tasks. For example, Apple and Amazon made two pieces of voice recognition software (软件). They can be asked to do many things, such as setting alarms and playing music and so on.
One of the nice things about voice recognition is that it can be used when we’re on the go. When you’re driving a car or walking down the street, it’s not convenient or even dangerous to pick up your smartphone and type away on the keyboard. Voice recognition allows you to focus on whatever you’re doing at the moment while still doing other tasks.
Speech recognition software is also helpful to deaf people. It can be used to “listen” to spoken words and turn them into text that deaf people can read. Some speech recognition software can even hear words spoken in one language and then translate them into another language.
4．According to Paragraph 1, how do we usually control machines in daily life?______
A．By using body language.
B．By talking to them.
C．By using a mouse or keyboard.
5．When was voice recognition first shown in films and TV shows?______
A．In the 1980s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1960s.
6．How does voice recognition help to keep you safe while driving a car?______
A．It helps you to focus on what you are doing.
B．It allows you to type on the keyboard more conveniently.
C．It can control your car for a short while.
7．In the last paragraph, what can we infer about the speech recognition software?______
A．It can hear words spoken in English and then translate them into Chinese.
B．It can turn text into spoken words for the blind.
C．It can help you do anything that you want to do.
8．Where do you probably read the passage?______
A．In a movie ad.
B．In a science magazine.
C．In a sports magazine.
C
（2021·辽宁中考真题）
Have you ever heard of “Who knows that each bowl of rice is the fruit of hard toil (苦工)?’’ It tells us not to waste food.
As we all know, every bit of food we eat comes from hard work. It’s not easy to turn a seed (种子) into the food you can eat. Recently, to help students better understand this, the No. 4 Middle School in Huzhou, Zhejiang held an activity. Under the hot sun, hundreds of students went to a field to experience farming. With the help of others, they learned how to grow rice and pick vegetables. After the activity, they better understood how hard farming was.
Many countries are facing the food-shortage problem now. According to the UN, there are 820 million people living in hunger today. Our country used to face this problem, too. In the 1960s, because there wasn’t much food, many people even died from hunger. In 1973, Yuan Longping and his team succeeded in the development of hybrid (杂交) rice. They made great progress in solving our food-shortage problem. Many scientists like Yuan are always going out of their way to solve this problem now.
When we waste food, we waste not only food but also resources (资源) for growing, transporting and cooking the food. These all take energy, time and water. Wasting food also creates greenhouse gas. So food waste is bad for the environment, too.
Please value what you’re eating.
9．The poem tells us not to ______.
A．throw food B．waste food C．pollute food D．hate food
10．Students from Huzhou ______ on the farm.
A．sold seeds B．grew vegetables
C．understood each other D．experienced farming
11．Chinese people ______ in the 1960s.
A．had a hard life B．died from illnesses
C．had much food D．ate a new kind of rice
12．Saving food is ______ for the environment.
A．good B．bad C．safe D．meaningless
13．The main idea of this passage is ______.
A．how we should save food
B．why we should value food
C．where we can experience farming
D．how we should protect the environment
D
（2021·辽宁锦州市·中考真题）
Champion （冠军）of the cold
Arctic tern
北极燕鸥
Size: About 35 cm long Food: Fish and shells （贝类）
Skill: We spend summer in the Arctic. When it is winter in the Arctic, we fly to Antarctica （南极）. We hold the record for the longest migration （迁徙）of any animal in the world!
Lemming
旅鼠
Size: 15 cm long Food: Grass
Skill: We grow hard “shells” on our claws （爪子）. We can dig holes easily in the hard and icy land.
Polar bear
北极熊
Size: 2. 5 to 3 m long Food: Seals and fish
Skill: Our thick and waterproof fur （防水毛皮）coat keeps us warm and dry after swimming. Under our fur, we have black skin （皮肤）. This helps us take in the sun's heat.
Arctic fox
北极狐
Size: 45 to 100 cm from head to tail Food: Lemmings, fish and birds
Skill: We can change the color of our fur. Usually, we are white in winter and brown in summer.
Harp seal
格陵兰海豹
Size: 1. 5 to 1. 8 m long Food: Fish
Skill: Our thick fur and fat keep our body temperature at 40°C．We can stay warm!

14．Which animal holds the record for the longest migration of any animal in the world?______
A．Lemming. B．Harp seal. C．Arctic fox. D．Arctic tem.
15．What color is Arctic foxes’ fur in summer?______
A．Brown. B．Black. C．White. D．Yellow.
16．How many kinds of animals in the passage eat fish?______
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
17．According to the passage, the followings are true EXCEPT ______.
A．Lemmings can dig holes easily in the hard and icy land
B．Polar bears have black skin under their fur
C．Arctic foxes’ size is from 45 to 100 cm from head to tail
D．Harp seals’ thin fur and fat keep their body temperature at 40°C
18．The passage probably comes from the ______ column （栏目）of a magazine.
A．art B．animal C．health D．sports

E
（2021·辽宁锦州市·中考真题）
Parents are often surprised at their children’s ability to use technology. A five-year-old child may easily find and use apps on a smart phone. A ten-year-old child can move up through the levels of a video game easily. Their parents may think their children were born geniuses （天 才）！
Natural geniuses, however, are not common. But your parents are right if they think you are smarter than them. Most children are born smarter than their parents. This has been proved（证明）on IQ tests around the world recently. These tests have shown that over the last 100 years, each new generation （一代人）has become smarter than the older ones. In other words, you are smarter than your parents and your parents are smarter than your grandparents.
This increase in intelligence is called the “Flynn Effect（效应）”. It was named after James Flynn. Flynn is a university professor （教授）in New Zealand. He first noticed this in 1980. According to his research, with each new generation, average （平均的）IQ scores would increase by twenty percent.
But why are people getting smarter? Flynn and many other researchers believe this has something to do with technology. New technologies have further developed our brains. They have made us think better. So we may be better at completing the missing parts of a puzzle than our parents.
But being smart doesn’t make you wise. Wisdom （智慧）comes with age and experience. A high score on a computer game will not help you solve the everyday problems of life. For that, a smart kid will turn to the wisdom of his parents and grandparents.
19．How do parents often feel about their children’s ability to use technology?______
A．Surprised. B．Worried. C．Nervous. D．Embarrassed.
20．What has been proved on IQ tests around the world these days?______
A．Children easily use apps on smart phones.
B．Most children play video games better than their parents.
C．Children are born with a high IQ.
D．Most children are born smarter than their parents.
21．What caused the “Flynn Effect” according to the passage?______
A．Better education. B．New technologies.
C．A better environment. D．New experiences.
22．The underlined word “puzzle” in the passage means ______ in Chinese.
A．拼图 B．困境 C．迷惑 D．阻碍
23．The following facts are the “Flynn Effect” EXCEPT ______.
A．A child may easily find apps on a smart phone
B．A child may be good at completing the missing parts of a puzzle
C．A high score on a video game won’t help solve the problems in life
D．A ten-year-old child can move up through the levels of a video game easily
F
（2021·辽宁中考真题）

What are the cultural differences between China and the West? You might be able to find the answer in Cao Siyu’s comics（漫画）. Cao, 32, was born in Beijing, but left home at 20 and has studied and lived in the US, the UK, and France for 12 years. Having seen so many cultures, Cao wanted to use her drawing sills to show the differences she has experienced. So she created the cartoon series Tiny Eyes Comics.
“My experience shows that although travel is much easier and faster today, the distance（距离） between cultures hasn’t shortened,” Cao said. She hopes to build bridges and break down misunderstandings between different cultures. One of her cartoons shows water forms in different countries. Three glasses of water are shown. The glass of water from the US has ice; the one from France is full of sparkling water（气泡水）; the one from China is steaming（冒热气的）.
Cao also uses her cartoons to show different ways of thinking and social customs. During the COVID﹣19 pandemic, she used her comics to explain why Chinese people prefer to wear masks while western people don’t. “Her simple pictures have played a big part in reflecting Chinese culture,” Italian magazine Grazia reported.
Many foreign readers say that Cao’s comics help them understand China, while Chinese living abroad have felt that they are seen and understood.
She said that this voice has been the biggest motivation （动力） for her to keep creating.
24．Cao Siyu shows people the cultural differences by ______.
A．living abroad B．creating comics C．writing for an Italian magazine D．talking about her experience
25．Cao’s comic ideas come from her studies and life in ______ countries.
A．3 B．12 C．20 D．32
26．The underlined word “misunderstandings” means ______.
A．融合 B．交流 C．差异 D．误解
27．We can infer from the passage that ______ is more popular in China.
A．cold water B．ice water C．sparkling water D．hot water
28．The best title of the passage is “ ______”.
A．Travel is much easier and faster today
B．Comics show us how we are different
C．School life abroad is busy and lonely
D．Different ways of thinking and behaving
G
（2021·辽宁中考真题）
Asked about the foods that sell best in the whole world, do you often hear about CocaCola and McDonald’s Big Macs from America? But think again, because the most successful worldwide food is instant noodles （方便面）.
A new book called Noodle Stories that was written 55 years after the birth of the instant noodles in Japan, mentioned that there were more than 100 billion cups of instant noodles worldwide in 2012—that’s about 14 cups for every person on Earth. As for noodles themselves, they were invented more than 2,000 years ago to become a worldwide staple（主食）.
______ The oldest historical mention of noodles appeared in the third century AD in China. The earliest Chinese noodles were little pieces of dough （面团） thrown into boiling water. This kind of noodles, called mianpian, are still eaten in China today. Another early mention of noodles appeared in the fifth century AD in Jerusalem.
Momofuku Ando invented instant noodles in Japan in 1958. Few people know that instant noodles play an important role in hunger and disaster （灾害） relief. It’s well-known that they are regarded as junk food, but they are a real “hunger killer”. According to an online news report, the fat in instant noodles that is mixed with the delicious soup keeps one feeling full for longer. And that helps explain why “ramen”, as they are called in Japanese, have become a staple on the world’s food aid （援助） lists.
29．Among the worldwide foods, the best seller is ______.
A．soup B．Big Macs C．instant noodles D．mianpian
30．According to the passage, noodles have a history of more than ______ years.
A．55 B．100 C．1,958 D．2,000
31．Which of the following can be put in “ ______” in the third paragraph?
A．What do people eat except noodles? B．Where were the earliest noodles from?
C．How did people cook noodles in Japan? D．Why are noodles a kind of staple today?
32．From the passage, we can know that instant noodles were invented in ______.
A．Japan B．China C．America D．Jerusalem
33．Which of the following is TRUE?______
A．Every person eats at least 14 cups of instant noodles every year.
B．As a healthy staple, instant noodles are popular around the world.
C．Ramen was another name of mianpian in Japanese 2,000 years ago.
D．People in disaster areas may get instant noodles from food aid groups.
H
（2021·辽宁丹东市·中考真题）
Tony and George were painting freely. Each of them had a bottle of blue paint(油漆) and a bottle of yellow paint.
Suddenly George said, “Look, Tony, I made green!”
“How did you do it?” asked Tony.
“I put yellow paint on top of my blue paint — yellow and blue put together make green!” shouted George. Other children came around to watch and wanted to do it themselves.
This is an example of discovery learning or hands—on learning.
People remember things better when they learn them by doing. Here is an example. How will you learn to play football?
Buy a book and read about how to play football or buy a video about football? Or go to the playground and ask a person to teach you?
Which way will help you learn the game best? Learning on the playground is the best way for most people because they try the game and learn the rules as they play. They learn in a hands—on way.
Hands—on learning is good for children. The learner takes an active part in it instead of just sitting and listening. This is the way that we want our children to learn. In order to learn best, children must take an active part in hands—on activities every day. Some good examples of hands—on activities are working puzzles, painting, playing simple board games together and so on.
34．George was ______ when he noticed the change of colors.
A．angry B．disappointed C．excited D．peaceful
35．The other children came up to George in order to ______.
A．get another two bottles of paint
B．watch and want to have a try
C．find out what happened to Tony
D．ask George to paint a picture for them
36．“Hands—on learning” is probably a kind of ______.
A．learning method B．learning result
C．learning plan D．learning activity
37．If you want to learn to swim, you’d better ______ according to the passage.
A．read a book about swimming B．think about it by yourself at home
C．learn it by watching online videos D．learn from someone in a swimming pool
38．What’s the main idea of the passage?______
A．we can play football in many different ways.
B．Games can help people stay in touch with others.
C．A person should learn how to find out the fact.
D．Hands—on learning can help learn something new better.


A（2022·上海徐汇·一模）

1．This text mainly tells the readers how to ________.
A．enjoy a road trip B．plan a road trip
C．keep road trips safe D．prepare a road trip
2．To make road trips safe and fun, people can follow ________ suggested tips.
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5
3．To drivers, ________ is considered worse than complaints about a long journey.
A．feeling exhausted B．travelling with hungry passengers
C．getting lost D．looking for cool places
4．________ may be the right thing to take for kids to kill the time on the road.
A．Desktops B．Medicine C．Games D．Fruits
5．Tips ________ mentioned above can promise you a safe road trip.
A．①③ B．①④ C．③④ D．②③
6．Which of the following can be the best missing slogan（标语）?
A．YOU ARE GOOD TO GO！
B．THE POWER OF PREPARATION！
C．TO BEAN INDEPENDENT MAN！
D．WE’LL BE THERE FOR YOU！
B（2022·上海杨浦·一模）
Meet Techno-Boy
1. Harry Hunker looks like an ordinary boy. He goes to school with ordinary children, but they don’t know who he really is: In the daytime, Harry works hard at school. At night, he’s “Techno-Boy”.
2. Techno-Boy is half-boy and half-computer. Scientists created him. They put a micro-computer inside his brain, and taught him to save the world. Every night, Techno-Boy chases villains and protects the city. He doesn’t need to sleep, and he’s got some amazing super-powers. He can see in the dark, and he can catch a bullet in his hand. He wears a white Techno-Boy suit and special rocket shoes. When Harry becomes Techno-Boy, he has red eyes and he doesn’t wear his glasses.
3. Techno-Boy is very intelligent. He builds tiny robots, and he uses them to fight his enemies. He also designs super-fast cars, jet planes and motor boats. These are very useful when he’s chasing villains. They never escape.
4. Techno-Boy can run fast, and he often leaps between high buildings when he’s in a hurry. He can’t fly, but he can levitate with his special rocket shoes. This is much quicker than climbing the stairs! Techno-Boy has also got a special ‘thought reader’ in his head, he can understand what his enemies are thinking.
5. When Harry Hunker isn’t Techno-Boy, he feels very lonely. Harry has some amazing adventures but his friends don’t know his secret. Sometimes he just wants to be ordinary.
7．The scene of Picture One is set ________.
A．at home B．at a cinema C．at school D．at a lab
8．The underlined word “villains” in Picture Two means “ ________”.
A．heroes B．criminals C．the rich D．the innocent
9．Techno-Boy is lonely because ________.
A．he looks different from others B．he has lost his beloved families
C．nobody in his school knows him D．his friends don’t know his secret
10．Techno-Boy is catching a bullet in Picture ________.
A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four
11．Which of the following powers is NOT mentioned?
A．Lifting heavy objects. B．Making machines.
C．Reading people’s minds. D．Seeing things in the dark.
12．The theme（主题）of the story is ________.
A．strength vs. brain B．peace and war C．good vs. evil D．courage and fear
C（2022·上海浦东新·一模）

The International Climate Champions (ICC) project began in 2007. It gives young people of school age a chance to speak publicly on climate change and to encourage action to reduce its effects. Each country involved selects three teenagers to be Climate Champions, who take part in local and international activities.
Climate Champion Irene Sanna lives on the Italian island of Sardinia. Irene is interested in solar energy, and also believes that Sardinia should use the waves around its coast to produce electricity. That would reduce the need to import oil and gas for lighting, heating and cooking. “Energy conservation is our future. We must make plans to save our coast, which still has no pollution. We must protect the animals, birds and fish in danger from global warming. And we must recycle.”
Chinese student Ding Yinghan is the Beijing Climate Champion. Ding feels it is unfair to say that just one country-his own-is causing climate change. He says the air pollution that leads to global warming comes from many parts of the world, including poorer countries that are now growing more quickly. He believes the only way to prevent the situation getting even worse is for rich and poor countries to work together.
Sophia Angelis, a junior student in Lake Arrowhead, California, is a US Champion. She’s against young people’s general lack of interest in politics and feels they need to discuss the problems that really matter to their generation. She has written about the need for action on poverty and her articles have been published in her local newspaper. Sophia strongly believes that climate change is an important issue for her generation. For her, changes in the way teenagers behave are an important way of influencing choices that are made by parents.
In 2008, the Climate Champions attended the International Conference of Environment Ministers in the Japanese city of Kobe. At present, 13 countries are involved in the ICC, and more countries are expected to join soon.
13．Different Climate Champions are mentioned in this article except the one from ________.
A．China B．Japan C．Italy D．America
14．What does Irene say about the sea?
A．The water near the island is now dirty. B．Many types of fish have disappeared.
C．There is oil and gas under the water. D．It can provide power for the island.
15．What does Ding believe about the climate change?
A．It is certain to get much worse. B．Air pollution does not cause it.
C．It is wrong to blame China for it. D．It is caused only by rich countries.
16．Sophia thinks that young people should ________.
A．publish their own newspapers B．change old people’s habits
C．follow the example of their parents D．avoid talking about politics
17．In which section of the newspaper can we most probably find this article?
A．Health B．Environment C．Fashion D．News
18．What is the writer’s main purpose in this article?
A．To give details about how to become a Climate Champion.
B．To explain why the Earth’s climate is changing so quickly.
C．To say what some people are doing about climate change.
D．To tell people what they can do to prevent climate change.
D（2022·上海普陀·一模）
① It is common to surf the Internet at home now. However, a recent survey showed over 90% of parents are not clear what websites their children visit. I strongly believe that a training project should be started to help parents to improve their internet and computer skills. Then they can better monitor and guide their children.
② Providing training would get parents to pay more attention to their children’s online activities. This is one advantage. If parents had a better understanding of the internet and websites, they would see the need to make sure that their children use it properly and responsibly.
③ Providing training to parents would allow parents to help their children with their schoolwork as well. These days, some homework of online courses needs to be done on computer. If parents have poor computer skills, they will be of little or no help with the homework. That can make parents very upset. Some people argue that it is good that students can work independently on computers. However, it is clear that students, especially young students often need this kind of home support.
④ Improving parents’ Internet and computer skills might also be a good way for parents to improve their relationships with their children. These days, children spend a lot of their free time on computers. If parents want to be part of their free time, they need to see that playing on computers can be a fun family activity. Joining their children can help parents bridge the gap between them and their children.
⑤ Most people believe that children need to be helped and guided to use the Internet in a proper and responsible way. Therefore, training is extremely important.
— By Peter Ball
19．In the passage, the writer __________.
A．advises children not to spend a lot of their free time on computers
B．thinks parents should improve their Internet and computer skills
C．tries to help children find online courses and finish the homework
D．explains why parents should pay more attention to their children
20．According to the passage, the survey tells us that many parents _________.
A．seldom help their children design websites
B．never tell their children how to surf the internet
C．don’t know what websites their children visit
D．never limit their children’s time on internet use
21．The underline word That in Paragraph 3 refers to _________.
A．Being helpless with the schoolwork
B．There aren’t enough online courses
C．There is no computer at home
D．Giving their children too much stress
22．“... help parents bridge the gap between them and their children” in Paragraph 4 probably means _________.
A．let parents often argue with their children
B．advise parents to pay attention to their children
C．ask parents to keep off from their children
D．connect parents and their children closely
23．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?
A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤
C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤
24．The passage is probably from the _________ section in a newspaper.
A．sports and fitness B．health and diet
C．cultural exchange D．education guide
E（2021·广西河池·模拟预测）
阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。
These years people show all kinds of things on the Internet—good food, nice clothes, wonderful vacations and so on. Now showing the number of steps is becoming popular, too. Why?
People are finding it important to be in good health. To keep healthy, many people go to work on foot. When they start walking, they open the step counter app in their phones to record how many steps they walk that day. After a day’s walk, some people show the number on WeChat or Weibo. This can make them learn from each other and keep exercising.
“This helps me to exercise much and keep a good habit,” Miss Liu said. “I can also talk about how to keep healthy with my friends on WeChat. We are in the same group to encourage each other to keep exercising.”
Mr. Wu likes to exercise. But in the past he was kind of lazy and didn’t want to exercise every day. “After I use the step counter app, everything is different. It’s great to exercise with my friends. Sometimes there are prizes for those who walk more steps. I really like it,” he said.
Walking is a relaxing and useful way to exercise. Both the old and the young like it. Recording the steps helps people develop a good habit of walking and showing the number can make people more interested in walking. But don’t take the number too seriously.
25．Now, _________ on the Internet is also becoming popular.
A．showing the number of steps B．showing wonderful vacations
C．showing good food and nice clothes D．showing nice clothes
26．To keep healthy, many people _________ to work.
A．walk B．ride a bike C．take a subway D．take a bus
27．We can’t know _________ from the second paragraph.
A．the use of the step counter app B．why they show the number online
C．people who walk more steps get prizes D．people are finding it important to be in good health
28．_________ is TRUE according to the passage.
A．More people go to work on foot to save money
B．Many people don’t go to work on foot
C．People usually show the number of steps in the morning
D．Miss Liu and Mr. Wu like to exercise with their friends
29．What does the writer think of showing the number of steps?
A．It can make people lazy.
B．It can make people drive cars.
C．It can’t make people develop a good habit of walking.
D．It can make people more interested in walking.
F（2021·安徽利辛·三模）
Save lives and help slow the spread of coronavirus（冠状病毒）
Stay home●You should avoid leaving your house for any non-essential activity.
◎Don’t leave home unless you have to.
◎Don’t invite family or friends into your home.
●Stay at home unless you are:
◎going to work or education（if you are unable to do so at home）
◎shopping for necessary things（return home without delay）
◎going out for personal exercise in the neighbourhood, on your own or with one other person
●Medical services, supermarkets, banks, petrol stations, post offices and home delivery services remain open.
Stay safe
●Always practise good habits, wash your hands for 20 seconds with soap and water, cover your coughs, avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth.
●Keep social distance of at least 1.5 metres when outside your home.
●Avoid（避免）body greetings such as handshaking, hugs and kisses
●Use online-pay instead of cash.
●Travel at quiet times and avoid crowds.
●Only use trusted official information
Stay connected
●Check in on family and friends by phone or online.
●Volunteer organizations and charities can provide services to people who need them most.

30．What does the underline word “non-essential” mean?A．非常重要的 B．非必需的 C．不寻常的 D．无聊的
31．Which place is probably closed?
A．Supermarkets B．Banks C．Clubs. D．Hospitals
32．According to this passage, what is the right thing to do?
A．Invite some friends to have a party at home. B．Cough in the open air without covering.
C．Do exercise alone at home. D．Shake hands with people outside
33．Which part of a newspaper can this passage be taken from?
A．Health B．Sports. C．Education D．Travel.
G（2021·安徽利辛·三模）
“How are you?” is a nice question. It’s a friendly way that people in the USA greet each other. But “How are you?” is also a very unusual question. It’s a question that often doesn’t need an answer. The person who asks “How are you?” hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if the person’s friend isn’t fine. The reason is that “How are you?” isn’t really a question and “Fine” isn’t really an answer. They are simply other ways of saying “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes, people don’t say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks “Do you agree?” the other person might think, “No, I disagree. I think you’re wrong…” But it isn’t very polite to disagree so strongly, so the other person might say “I’m not sure.” It’s a nicer way to say that you don’t agree with someone.
People don’t say exactly what they are thinking when they want to finish talking with other people. For example, many talks over the phone finish when one person says “I’ve to go now.” Often, the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse: “Someone’s at the door.” “Something is burning on the stove.” The excuses might be real or not. Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesn’t want to talk any more, but it isn’t polite to say that. The excuse is more polite, and it doesn’t hurt the other person.
Whether they are greeting each other, talking about an idea, or finishing a talk, people don’t say exactly what they are thinking. It’s an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and it’s part of the game of language.
34．When a person disagrees with someone, it is polite to say “________”
A．You are wrong. I disagree. B．I’m not sure.
C．I’m sure I disagree. D．I don’t agree with you.
35．A polite way to finish a talk is to say “________”
A．You have to go now. B．I want to hang up.
C．I have to go now. D．I don’t want to talk any more.
36．When a person says “I’ve got to go now. Someone’s at the door.” the person may be ________.
A．giving an excuse B．hurting someone’s feelings
C．talking to a person at the door D．going to another place
37．The rule of the game of language is probably ________.
A．“Always say what you mean.” B．“Don’t disagree with people.”
C．“Never say exactly what you’re thinking.” D．“Be nice to each other.”
H（2021·福建省惠安荷山中学模拟预测）

Earth is about 75% water. But most of that water is salty. Only about 2.5% of Earth’s water is fresh water — the kind we can drink and that plants need to grow. Much of Earth’s fresh water is locked up in ice caps. In all, just 1% of Earth’s water can be used for washing, drinking, cooking, and watering crops.
In some countries, people don’t usually worry about having enough clean, fresh water. People just turn on a faucet(水龙头) and there it is. In some countries, though, water is scarce(稀缺的). People in Africa, Asia, and Latin America have serious water shortages.
What causes water shortages? In some places, well water is being used faster than wells can refill. In other places, droughts — long periods without enough rain—mean there is not enough water. Some parts of the United States are now having water problems because of drought. Evaporation(蒸发) is a big problem in some parts of the world. When the sun shines on water, the water turns into vapor(水蒸气) and rises into the air. The water is gone before it can do any good. The ground becomes dry. Nothing can grow. Not all fresh water is safe to drink. Water in wells, lakes, and rivers may have bad things that cause illness. When water is dirty, it can be dangerous to drink. Dirty water is making children sick. It is dangerous to get a drink or even wash your hands.
But the news isn’t all bad. Mansoor Ali, who works for the United Nations, says water problems can be solved. Kids and adults are learning how to protect water and how to use it wisely.
38．How much of Earth’s water can be used for washing, drinking, cooking, and watering crops?
A．1%. B．2.5%. C．25%. D．75%.
39．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Water problems can’t be solved.
B．All of the fresh water is safe to drink.
C．People in America have serious water shortages.
D．Evaporation is one of the reasons for water shortages.
40．What will happen if the ground becomes dry?
A．Crops can’t grow. B．Vapor will rise into the air.
C．Water will become dirty. D．Wells can refill.
41．According to the text, washing your hands with the dirty water is ________.
A．acceptable B．meaningless C．harmful D．special
42．What can we learn from the text?
A．We should stop using the fresh water.
B．There is too much water to be used up.
C．Everyone should protect water and use it wisely.
D．Only a few places in the world face water shortages.
I（2021·广西河池·模拟预测）
短文，根据短文内容，从下面各小题所给的四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。
Three-Two-One, Fire!

At the moment of 9:43 a. m, on Tuesday, June 23rd, 2020, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (卫星发射中心) in Sichuan Province, the last satellite of the third-generation network (第三代导航系统) was sent into space. It is the 55th member in the family of BeiDou. It belongs to China’s Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS北斗卫星导航系统). So far, 59 satellites, including the first four test ones, have been launched from Xichang. With the development of China, we have already owned three other famous satellite launch centers—Jiuquan, Taiyuan and Wenchang.
After a period of tests in space, this new satellite has started to work with other Beidou satellites together. It is designed to work for at least 12 years. So far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS. It was a new milestone in the nation’s space research work. The launch showed our country has completed our largest space-based system. It’s one of four global navigation networks, including the United States’ GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the European Union’s Galileo.
BDS has been widely used as public resources in our daily life. It has been shared by the whole world. It will offer more services around the world. BDS is the common wealth of the development of human beings.
43．When was the last satellite of the third-generation network (第三代导航系统) sent into space?
A．On May 21st, 2019. B．On June 23rd, 2020.
C．On July 22cd, 2020. D．On September 23rd, 2020.
44．How many members are there in the family of Beidou?
A．50. B．55. C．59. D．114.
45．What does the underlined word “milestone” mean in Chinese?
A．记录 B．事业 C．里程碑 D．起点
46．The global navigation network—GLONASS belongs to _________.
A．China B．the United States C．Russia D．the European Union
47．According to the passage, what can we know?
A．The last satellite of BDS was launched at 9:43 p.m. June 23rd, 2020.
B．The new satellite is designed to work for at most 12 years.
C．BDS is shared only by China as public resources.
D．So far, China has completed the third-generation network of China’s BDS.