高中英语高考考向15 特殊句式(原卷版)-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题

这是一份高中英语高考考向15 特殊句式(原卷版)-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题，共22页。试卷主要包含了强调句，倒装句，祈使句，感叹句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
强调句知识结构：
强调句型的构成是：It is (was) + 被强调部分+ that (wh) + 句子的其他成分。被强调的部分放在 It is (was) 之后，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，可以由wh代替that。
1. 被强调的成分举例：
原句：Tm fund my pen in the classrm yesterday.
强调主语：It was Tm wh / that fund my pen in the classrm yesterday.
强调宾语：It was my pen that Tm fund in the classrm yesterday.
强调地点状语：It was in the classrm that Tm fund my pen yesterday.
强调时间状语：It was yesterday that Tm fund my pen in the classrm.
2. 强调句型的一般疑问式：
直接把is或was提到it之前即可。如：
Was it Tm that fund yur pen in the classrm yesterday?
3. 强调句型的特殊疑问式：
特殊疑问词+ is (was) it + that +句子的其他成分。特殊疑问词即是被强调的成分。如：
Wh was it that fund yur pen in the classrm yesterday?
4. that (wh) 有时可以省略：
这种强调句型中的that或wh有时可以省略。如：
It was my brther (that / whm) yu saw the ther day.
5. 强调原因状语从句要注意：
若从句由as或since引导，强调时则改为because，这是因为，because引导的原因从句表示的意义非常强烈，符合强调句的目的。例如：
As she gt up late, she missed the first bus. 变为：
It was because she gt up late that she missed the bus.
6. 强调句的否定转移：
有些否定句在变成强调句时，要把否定转移到被强调的词语之前。尤其是nt... until...；句式的强调要特别注意。例如：
He didn’t realize his mistake until the teacher had tld him. 变为：
It wasn’t until the teacher had tld him that he realized his mistake.
【注意】 在强调句式中，虽然nt被提前，但nt... until...句型不要倒装。
高考中强调句型考查热点：
强调句型的基本结构
强调句型It is / was + 被强调的成份 + that + 其他成份；用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成份。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。有时强调的部分比较特殊，如主语从句、状语从句、名词、不定式短语、V-ing的复合结构等。如：
It was in the library that I saw her yesterday. 我昨天正是在图书馆见到她的。
【典例分析】
1.（2018·天津卷·单项填空）It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
A. which B. that
C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强调句，强调句型结构为：It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ wh(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse。故选B。
2.（2016·天津卷·单项填空）Yu are waiting at a wrng place. It is at the htel __________ the cach picks up turists.
A. wh B. which C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。本题考查强调句，强调句型结构是：It is/was+强调部分+that+其余部分，如果强调部分是人，也可以用wh，这句话强调的是地点状语at the htel。故选D。
3. It was the culture, rather than the language, _________made it hard fr him t adapt t the new envirnment abrad
A. where B. why C. that D. what
【答案】C
【解析】这个句子中含有it was，首先要考虑所给题目是不是一个强调句。把It was和横线去掉，发现句意仍然完整清楚，所以说这里就是一个强调句。强调句的基本结构是it is / was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子的其他成分，所以用that，所以选C。句意：是文化，而不是语言，使得他很难适应国外的新的环境。
特殊句式中的强调句型
1. 如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示到底、究竟等语气时，就用如下结构：
特殊疑问词 + is / was + it + that + 该句的其余部分。如：
Hw is it that yu usually g t wrk? 你通常是怎样去上班的?
2. 在强调nt... until结构中由until所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：It + is / was + nt until... + that + 该句的其余部分，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。如：
His father didn’t cme back frm wrk until 12’clck. = It was nt until 12 ’clck that his father came hme frm wrk.
直到12点他的爸爸才下班回家。
【典例分析】
1. Bach died in 1750, but it was nt until the early 19th century ____________ his musical gift was fully recgnized.
A. while B. thugh C. that D. after
【答案】C
【解析】句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被承认。强调句与nt until 连用。It be nt until that … 故选C项。
2. Was it because Jack came late fr schl ____________ Mr. Smith gt angry?
A. why B. wh C. where D. that
【答案】D
【解析】A为什么；B谁；C哪儿；D那个。通过翻译可知本句话意思完整，不缺少成分，由此判断该句是强调句型，被强调部分是because引导的状语从句，故答案选D。句意：是因为杰克上学迟到史密斯先生才生气的吗？
强调句型与时间状语从句、定语从句的判断
强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。试比较：
It was n March 1 that I had my hair cut. (强调句)
It was March 1 when I had my hair cut. (后面是定语从句)
判断是否是强调句，可采用还原法。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成份完整，则是强调句。否则不是。如第一句可还原成：I had my hair cut n March 1.
考向二 倒装句
全部倒装
把谓语全部提到主语前面，叫全部倒装。主要有：
1.there be 句型：
可以用在这类句型中的动词除be外，还可用 live，happen，exist，remain，stand等等作这类句型的谓语。如：
There are many students in the classrm. 教室里有许多学生。
Lng, lng ag there lived a king wh lved hrses very much.
很久很久以前，有一位国王，他非常喜欢马。
There happened t be nbdy in the bedrm when the fire brke ut.
起火的时候，碰巧房间里面没有人。
【典例分析】
1. Jhn pened the dr. There _________ he had never seen befre.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl std
C. did a girl stand D. std a girl
【答案】D
【解析】考查倒装。表示存在关系的句子，将表地点的副词或介词短语提至句首时，若主语为名词，应采用完全倒装语序。此题中将表地点的副词。there提到了句首，而且主语为名词a girl，所以要采用完全倒装语序，所以选D项。
2.Here/There/Nw＋vi.（常为cme, g）＋主语（必须是名词）
此句型中here/there用来唤起注意意思是＂喂，注意了＂。如：
Here cmes Mary. → I can see Mary cming. 玛丽来了。
There ges the bell. 铃响了。→I can hear the bell ringing.
Here cmes the bus. 汽车来了。
There he cmes. 他来了。
这种句型不能用现在进行时。
here句中也可用系动词。如：
Here are sme stry bks I want. →Here is what yu asked fr, r yu are lking fr. 这就是我要的故事书。（我找了好久）
Here we are. This is the statin.咱们到了，这就是火车站。
＂Give me sme paper.＂ ＂Here yu are.＂＂给我点纸。＂ ＂给你。＂
3.then引起谓语为 cme，fllw的句子。如：
Then came a new difficulty. 然后产生了一个新的困难。
Then fllwed eight years f the Anti-Japanese War. 接着是八年抗战。
4.ut，in，up, dwn，away之类的副词作状语放在句首，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词，谓语为不及物动词cme， g，run，rush，etc。句式为：副词＋ vi.＋主语（必须是名词）。如：
Out rushed the tiger frm amng the bushes. 老虎从灌木丛里冲了出来。
In came the rse fragrance thrugh the windws. 玫瑰花香透过窗户飘了进来。
5.介词短语作状语放在句首，谓语为不及物动词，主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为：介词短语＋vi.＋主语（必须是名词）。如：
In the middle f ur schl stands a high building.在学校中央有一座高楼。
【典例分析】
At the meeting place f the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ________, ne f the ten largest cities in China.
A. lies ChngqingB. Chngqing lies
C. des lie ChngqingD. des Chngqing lie
【答案】A
【解析】考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。
6.表语放在句首，表语常为形容词、分词、副词、介词短语。要求主语比较长，也就是说主语不能是很短的人称代词。句式为：表语＋系动词＋主语（必须是名词）。
Gne are the days when the teachers were lked dwn upn.
老师地位低下的年代一去不复返了。
On the bth sides f the street are beautiful flwers. 街道两旁有美丽的花。
Suth f city are tw big lakes. 城市的两边有两个大湖。
7.直接引语中间或后面，表示某人说这意思的插入语（特别是谓语较短时）。
＂They must be in the fields nw,＂ thught Xia Lin.＂他们准是下地了。＂小林想道。
＂Help! Help!＂ cried the little girl.小姑娘叫道：＂救命！救命！＂
如果主语不比谓语长，或是它后面有宾语，主语就仍然多放在前面。
＂Take yur seats，gentlemen,＂ Wilsn shuted.威尔逊嚷道：＂先生们坐好。＂
部分倒装
只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：
1.＂nly＋副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从句＂开头的句子。如：
Only then did I realize the imprtance f English.
直到那时我才意识到英语的重要性。
Only in this way can yu make prgress in yur English.
只有通过这种方式你学英语才会取得进步。
注意：
１）在nly＋状语从句＋主句结构中，主句用倒装结构但从句用正常语序。
２）nly修饰主语，不倒装。
【典例分析】
Only after talking t tw students ________ that having strng mtivatin is ne f the biggest factrs in reaching gals.
A. I did discverB. did I discverC. I discveredD. discvered
【答案】B
【解析】此处Only作副词放句首修饰时间状语after talking t tw students，主句要进行部分倒装。部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词d, des或did，并将其置于主语之前。句意：在和两个学生交谈之后我才意识到，拥有强烈的动机是达到目标的最大因素。故选B。
特别提示：
副词nly置于句首， 强调方式状语、 条件状语、 地点状语、 时间状语等状语时， 主句要进行部分倒装。 但若位于句首的不是nly+状语，而是nly+宾语等，通常则无需倒装。
►Only after being asked three times did he cme t the meeting.在被邀请了三次之后，他才出席会议。
►Only in this way can yu master English.只有用这种方式你才能掌握英语。
►Only when he returned did we find ut the truth.只有当他返回时，我们才能发现真相。
2. 否定词（短语）开头的句子要用部分倒装。
表示否定的副词never，nr，neither，表示半否定意义的副词hardly，few，seldm，little，含有n和nt的词组by n means（决不），in n time（很快），at n time（在任何时候都不），（在任何情况下都不）nt until，nt als，n ＝
即＂否定词＋助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他＂。如：
Never have I been in this city. 我从没到过这座城市。
Little/Seldm d I watch TV. 我很少看电视。
Nt until I began t wrk did I realize hw much time I had wasted.
直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。
注意：
1)关联词的搭配。
2)前一分句倒装，后一分句不倒装。
【典例分析】
1. （2019 • 天津卷 • 单项填空）The prfessr warned tie students that n n accunt _____________ use mbile phnes in his class.
A. shuld theyB. they shuld
C. dare theyD. they dare
【答案】A
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。n n accunt决不，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，应该做shuld d，敢于做dare d，根据句意表示＂应该＂，故选A。
2.（2016·江苏卷）Nt until recently ________ the develpment f turist-related activities in the rural areas.
A. they had encuragedB. had they encuraged
C. did they encurageD. they encuraged
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。当nt until所引导的时间状语放在句首的时候，主句要使用部分倒装句。排除A、D项；上下文中并没有体现出过去的过去时间，B项为过去完成时，排除B项。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。故选C。
3. I’ve tried very hard t imprve my English. But by n means_________ with my prgress.
A. the teacher is nt satisfied B. is the teacher nt satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied
【答案】D
【解析】by n means意为 ＂绝不＂，放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。因此D项正确。B项多了nt一词。
3. 以s开头，用 ＂s＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＂表示前面叙述的情况也适合于另一个人或物，意为＂也，同样，也如此＂。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物，用＂neither/nr＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语＂。
Sciety has changed and s have the peple in it. 社会变了，人也变了。
注意：
1)当s表示对前句内容的肯定、符合，或进一步强调前面所说的情况，或者赞同前面的说法时，应用自然语序。意为 ＂的确，正是＂。
—Tm wrks hard. 汤姆工作很卖力。
—S he des and s d yu. 的确如此，你也是。
2）倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致。
If yu dn’t g, neither/nr shall I.（If yu dn’t g, I shall nt g.）你不去，我也不去。
注意：表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及到不同类型的动词时可用：It is the same with sth./sb.或 S it is with sth./sb.句型。
She des well in English, but is pr in maths. S it is with Lucy.
她英语学得好，但数学学得差，露茜也是如此。
【典例分析】
—Why, this is nthing but cmmn vegetable sup!
—________, madam. It’s ur sup f the day.
A. Let me see B. S it is
C. Dn’t mentin it D. Neither d I
【答案】B
【解析】答语意为：是这样的，女士。这就是我们今天的汤。根据答语可知，第二个人同意第一个人说的话，因此用＂S＋主语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词＂结构，意为＂的确如此＂。
4.由as引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置。句式为：表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语＋其他。如：
Clever as he is，he desn’t study well.
虽然他很聪明，但他学习不好。
Child as he is， he knws a lt.
虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得不少事情。
Much as I like it，I wn’t buy it.
虽然我非常喜欢它，但我不买。
Try as she might， she failed.
虽然她试过了，但还是失败了。
注意：表语前的名词无形容词修饰时冠词要省略
【典例分析】
________, his idea was accepted by all the peple at the meeting.
A. Strange as might it sundB. As it might sund strange
C. As strange it might sundD. Strange as it might sund
【答案】D
【解析】as引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序, 其结构为：adj. /adv. /n.+ as + 主语 + 句子其他部分，因此D项正确。
5. 在从句中，如果s＋adj./adv.放在句首，其主句要倒装。
S ludly did he speak that everyne culd hear him.
他讲话声音足够大，以至于每个人都能听得见。
【典例分析】
________ abut wild plants that they decided t make a trip t Madagascar fr further research.
A. S curius the cuple wasB. S curius were the cuple
C. Hw curius the cuple wereD. The cuple was such curius
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这对夫妇对于野生植物是那样的好奇；以致于他们决定去马达加斯加进一步研究。主语是cuple, 所以谓语用复数形式；该句子用部分倒装， s修饰的形容词或副词提到句首。
6. 如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were，shuld ，were可以把if省略而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。
If it hadn’t been fr their help, we culdn’t have finished the wrk n time.
＝Hadn’t it been fr their help, we culdn’t have finished the wrk n time.
要不是由于他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那项工作。
If there shuld be a fld, what wuld we d?
＝Shuld there be a fld, what wuld we d?
要是发了洪水，我们该怎么办呢？
【典例分析】
________ the mrning train, he wuld nt have been late fr the meeting.
A. Did he catch B. shuld be catch
C. has he caught D. Had he caught
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果他赶上了早班火车，开会就不会迟到了。主句的谓语动词是wuld nt have been，说明此句表述的事情与过去事实相反，从句可以用if he had caught the mrning train；当if从句中有were, had或者shuld 时，可以省略if，把were, had或者shuld放在句首构成倒装结构。本句中含有had，就变成了Had he caught the mrning train。故选D。
7. 频度副词及短语ften, always, nw and then, many a time, every ther day等放在句首时有时也倒装。
Many a time has he cme t cmfrt me.他来安慰了我好多次。
Often did he warn them nt t d s.他经常告诫他们不要那样去做。
8. 某些表示祝愿句子也用倒装语序。
May yu succeed. 祝你成功！
Lng live the Cmmunist Party f China!中国共产党万岁！
考向三 祈使句
一、祈使句的句式特征
祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语yu。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep ff the grass! 勿踩踏草地！
Put the bxes in the small rm. 把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。
二、祈使句的肯定句式
祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型：
1. 行为动词原形+其他成分。
Make sentences after the mdel. 根据例句造句。
2. Be动词+其他成分（形容词、名词或介词短语等）。
Be careful when crssing the street. 过马路时要小心。
3. Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他成分。
Let him g back nw. 让他现在回去吧。
【典例分析】
1. （2018·北京卷·单项填空）In any unsafe situatin, simply _________ the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.
A. press B. t press C. pressing D. pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。
2. Always _________ in mind that yur main task is t get this cmpany running smthly.
A. t keepB. t have keptC. keepD. have kept
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子，而that引导的是宾语从句，因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句意：永远记住，你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
【名师点睛】祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第—、三人称祈使句两大类。祈使句用于两个重要句型中：①＂祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句＂用来叙述肯定的条件；②＂祈使句+r(else)+表结果的陈述句＂用来叙述否定的条件，r(else)表示＂否则＂；句首以动词原形开头。从本题的成分来判断，可以看出是考查祈使句。
三、祈使句的否定句式
祈使句的否定句式，通常情况下在句首加上Dn’t或Never，一般分为以下四种类型：
1. 在祈使句的肯定句式前加Dn’t，构成＂Dn’t+行为动词原形+其他成分＂。
Dn’t say that again! 别再那样说了！
2. 在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Dn’t，构成＂Dn’t be+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)＂。
Dn’t be careless. 不要粗心。
注意：在这种句型中be不能省略；否定副词nt不可置于be之后。
3. Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种：(1)Let开头的祈使句，如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格，可在Let前加Dn’t，也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加nt。(2)如果以Let’s开头的祈使句，必须在Let’s后加nt。
Dn’t let me g with her tmrrw. =Let me nt g with her tmrrw. 不要让我明天跟她一起去。
Let’s nt tell her the truth whenever we meet her. 无论什么时候我们碰到她，都不要告诉她真相。
4. 在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用＂N+名词/V-ing形式＂结构，表示＂禁止做某事＂。
NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照!
四、祈使句的反意问句
祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分。通常有以下三种形式：
1. 祈使句为肯定句式，其反意疑问句表示请求时，通常用will yu；表示邀请、劝说时，用wn’t yu。
Be sure t write t us, will yu? 你一定要给我们写信，好吗？
Cme t have dinner with us this evening, wn’t yu? 今晚来和我们一起吃饭，好吗？
2. 祈使句为否定句式，其反意疑问句通常只用will yu。
Dn’t smke in the meeting rm, will yu? 不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？
3. Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除Let’s用shall we外，其他均用will yu。
Let the by g first, will yu? 让个那男孩先走，好吗？
Let’s take a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后我们去散步，好吗？
【典例分析】
1. We frgt t bring ur tickets, but please let us enter, _________?
A.d yuB. can weC. will yuD. shall we
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will yu, 意思是＂好吗, 可以吗＂。
2. I’m sure yu’d rather she went t schl by bus, __________?
A. hadn’t yu B. wuldn’t yuC. aren’t I D. didn’t she
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】在反意疑问句中，如果主句的谓语动词是think, suppse, believe, imagine, be sure等，且主语为第一人称，简略问句仅有肯定或否定是与主句相对应，而主语和时态要与宾语从句一致。
五、祈使句的回答
祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或wn’t。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：一是＂形式一致＂，即Yes与will保持一致；N与wn’t保持一致。二是＂意思相反＂，即Yes是＂不＂的意思；N是＂是＂的意思。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。
—Dn’t g ut, please. It’s raining heavily utside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。
—Yes, I will. I have t meet my brther at the airprt. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。
六、祈使句与陈述句的并列使用
祈使句后接陈述句时，须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时，要用并列连词and来连接；如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时，要用并列连词r来连接。
Leave it with me and I will see what I can d. 把它留给我吧，我想想有没有办法。
Hurry up, r we’ll be late. 快点，否则我们要迟到了。
七、祈使句与条件状语从句的连用
祈使句与条件状语从句连用时，条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。
Tell him t make a phne call t me if he cmes here tmrrw. 如果他明天来这儿的话，叫他给我来个电话。
八、祈使句的强调形式
祈使句的强调形式通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词D(D在句中无意义)。
D shut up! 快住口！
九、特殊形式的祈使句
在英语中，有些祈使句不是以动词原形来引起一个祈使句，而是以一个名词短语来充当，且后接一个带有并列连接词的分句。实际上，这个充当祈使句的名词短语相当于一个条件状语从句。
Mre water and the yung trees culdn’t have died. =If yu had given them mre water, the yung trees culdn’t have died. 如果你给那些小树多浇点水的话，它们就不会死了。
【典例分析】
__________ and I’ll get the wrk finished.
A. Have ne mre hurB. One mre hur
C. Given ne mre hurD. If I have ne mre hur
【参考答案】B
【答案解析】本题考查＂祈使句+and+简单句＂的用法。其中祈使句可转换成名词短语，如One mre wrd and I’ll beat yu flat.因此B项正确。如果选C、D两项，要去掉and。
十、运用祈使句的误区
祈使句往往容易与不定式、分词或条件状语从句相混淆。在平时的练习或测试中，如果稍不留神，就会出错。因此，要认真审题，认真分析句子结构，并根据上下文语境，作出正确判断。
【典例分析】
__________ yur cmpsitin carefully, sme spelling mistakes can be avided.
A. Having checkedB. CheckC. If yu checkD. T check
【参考答案】C
【答案解析】如果空白处选填B项，则视为祈使句，但后一分句前没有并列连接词and连接；如选A或D项（分词或不定式），句中逻辑主语sme spelling mistakes又不能执行这个动作，故均不符合句子结构。因此，只有C项（条件状语从句）符合句子结构及句意。
考向四 感叹句
感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由what和hw引导，其句型结构为＂What(或Hw)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!＂。也有少量其他形式的感叹句，现一并归纳如下：
(1)What 引导的感叹句
What用作定语，修饰名词，其引导的感叹句句型结构为：
①What+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如：What an rphan he is!他是个多么可怜的孤儿啊!
②What+a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如：What a beautiful vice she has!她的声音多美啊!
③What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!如：What kind dctrs they are!他们是多好的医生啊!
④What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如：What gd news it is!
(2)Hw引起的感叹句
Hw用作状语，修饰形容词、副词和动词，其引导的感叹句句型结构为：
①Hw+形容词+主语+谓语! Hw clever yu are!
②Hw+副词+主语+谓语! Hw well she dances!
③Hw +形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如： Hw gd a student he is!
④Hw+主语+谓语!如： Hw the teachers wrked!教师们工作多么努力啊!
⑤Hw+many(few)+可数名词的复数+主语+谓语!如： Hw many bks yu have read!
⑥Hw much(little)+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如： Hw little mney the cat cst!
(3)＂What+a(an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!＂句型可转换为＂Hw+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!＂句型。如：What a clever by he is! Hw clever a by he is!
(4)感叹句常将主语和谓语动词省略，以＂What+名词!＂或＂Hw+形容词!＂的形式构成。如：
What a fine student! What muntains! Hw wnderful! Hw brave!
(5)其他形式的感叹句
有时候，可不用what和hw来表示感叹，而用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句，甚至一个词或词组来表示感叹。如：She is such a nice girl!她是一个多好的姑娘啊!(陈述句) Wh d yu think yu are!你算老几!(疑问句) ＂Stp the train! Stp the train!＂(祈使句) Wnderful!(一个词) Happy New Year!(词组)
【检测训练】
1. Was it in Tianjin ________ yu spent yur childhd?
A. whenB. whichC. thatD. why
2. Hearing the cat cming, away ________.
A. ran all the miceB. running all the time
C. all the mice ranD. did all the mice run
3. — Were yu wrried abut him last night?
— Yes. It was________.
A. until he returned that I went t bed
B. until he returned that I slept well
C. nt until he returned that I went t bed
D. nt until did he return that I went t sleep
4. I wnder why yu wn’t d it as ________ and it’s the third time yu have dne s.
A. tld yuB. be tldC. tld tD. yu tld
5. It was 80 years befre Christpher Clumbus crssed the Atlantic ________Zheng sailed t East Africa
A. whenB. thatC. afterD. since
6. Only when he reached the tea huse ________ it was the same place he'd been in last year.
A. he realizedB. realized heC. did he realizeD. he did realize
7. It was with great jy________ he fund his lst daughter.
A. whichB. becauseC. thatD. since
8. Have yu ever dreamed f ________ such a gd chance fr further educatin abrad?
A. there isB. there t beC. there will beD. there being
9. It is the mass media and gvernment white papers _______ play an imprtant part in the spread f freign wrds.
A. thatB. whichC. whatD. wh
10. When entering the ffice, ________.
A. Winifred was fund sitting at a deskB. we fund Winifred seated at a desk
C. Winifred was fund sat at a deskD. it was we wh fund Winifred seat at a desk
11. ________ t the gift was a nte n which he expressed his gratitude fr ur receptin during his stay here.
A. T attachB. AttachingC. AttachedD. Having attached
12. I am glad t find that n tp f the muntain __________ frm the time f the Rman Empire.
A. lies ancient ruinsB. lie ancient ruinsC. des ancient ruins lieD. d ancient ruins lie
13. Thugh ________ up in a big city, the by preferred t live in the cuntryside.
A. was brughtB. brughtC. bringingD. having brught
14. Under n circumstances________ I met s many prblems.
A. I wuld expectB. expected I
C. had I expectedD. I had expected
15. It is the develped cuntries ________ use the mst energy in the wrld.
A. whichB. whereC. whenD. that
16. He said befre the whle class that nly if we put ur heart int ur lessns _________ great prgress.
A. we had madeB. we culd make
C. culd we makeD. have we made
17. On the cean flr________. Hwever, t bring them t the surface requires expensive equipment and trained peple.
A. d sme sunken ship lieB. sme sunken ships d lie
C. lie sme sunken shipsD. sme sunken ships lie
18. There is n denying that it was drug use________ badly damaged Hustn's vice and ruined her life.
A. whichB. thatC. whatD. /
19. I firmly believe that the prject, if________ accrding t the plan, will definitely wrk ut well.
A. carrying utB. being carried ut
C. carried utD. t be carried ut
20. It’s nt ding the things we like, but liking the things we have t d_______ makes life happy.
A. whatB. hwC. thatD. it
21. The headmaster will nt permit the change in the curse, nr________ it a thught.
A. des he giveB. will he giveC. he givesD. he will give
22. Despite the widely shared desire t give mre cmpliments t a friend wh has handles a tense situatin at wrk, when ________ with the decisin t actually send the cmpliments, peple still ften hesitate t engage in this behavir.
A. facingB. facedC. being facedD. having faced
23. Althugh ________ abut fatness，she still has cnfidence in her perfrmance f daily life.
A. teasedB. teasingC. teaseD. t tease
24. It was his laziness________led t his failure.
A. whichB. thatC. whD. whm
25. Thugh ________ natural resurces, the area was well develped.
A. lacking frB. lackingC. lacked inD. lacked f
26. ________ the catastrphe happened that the lcal gvernment realized the imprtance f substantial develpment.
A. It was untilB. Nt until
C. UntilD. It was nt until
27. It might have been Jhn________ bught a present fr Mary yesterday.
A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which
28. It is nt what we d nce in a while ________ shapes ur lives, ________ what we d cnsistently.
A. which; butB. that; butC. as; andD. that; that
29. ---I can’t stand peple killing s many endangered animals fr mney.
---________ I think we shuld prtect them instead.
A. S can I.B. Neither I can.C. S I can.D. Neither can I.
30. I have always been hnest, and it desn’t matter________ that I’m talking t.
A. wh is itB. wh it isC. it is whD. it is whm
31. Under n circumstances________ in such a meaningless discussin.
A. he participatedB. he did participate
C. did he participateD. participated he
32. Yu’d netter wear a pair f sneakers while________.
A. yu wrking utB. are wrking utC. being wrked utD. wrking ut
33. Thugh ________ experience, he managed t finish the prject.
A. lackedB. lacking fC. lackingD. lacked in
34. The rganizatin brke n rules, but ________ had it acted respnsibly.
A. neitherB. sC. eitherD. bth
35. — The by said he culd lift the heavy stne.
—________ is n dubt abut that.
A. ThereB. ItC. ThisD. What
36. It was annunced that nly when the fire was under cntrl ________ permitted t return t their hmes.
A. wuld villagers beB. villagers wuld be
C. shuld villagers beD. villagers shuld be
37. _________many times, he still repeated the same mistake when ________the experiment.
A. Having tld; dingB. Telling; having dne
C. Having been tld; dingD. T tell; having been dne
38. In sme cases , it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins _____ are raising cncerns，nt n-set .
A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what
39. Nt nly ________ his wn wrk, but he helped thers.
A. he finished B. he had finished C. had he finished D. did he finish
40. It is ______ his help that we culd have finished the task.
A. except frB. instead fC. thanks tD. rather than
41. When _______ what is the mst efficient way t prtect neself frm COVID-19, the expert says n dubt it is wearing a mask.
A. askingB. askedC. t askD. having asked
42. It is in this very twn, ________ Mary was brn 30 years ag, ________ she will build a new schl, ________ excites everyne in the twn.
A. that; that; whichB. where; that; which
C. where; when; thatD. that; where; that
43. He desn’t have mney nw, _______, he wuld lend it t yu.
A. if smeB. if anyC. if ntD. if s
44. _________, she talked a lt abut her favrite mvie star t us.
A. Quiet a girl as she isB. A quiet as she is
C. A girl as she is quietD. Quiet girl as she is
45. It was nt until I gt hme _______ I fund that I had left my keys in the ffice.
A. befreB. whenC. thatD. then
46. If yu g t Munt Tai, yu will find it mre magnificent than cmmnly _______.
A. suppsingB. suppsedC. t suppseD. suppse
47. The dr pened and _______ an ld lady _______ an expensive fur cat.
A. came in; inB. in came; inC. came in; nD. in came; n
48. Nt until midnight when____________ all dne____________ t bed exhausted.
A. was the wrk; did she gB. the wrk was; did she g
C. was the wrk; that she wentD. the wrk was; that she went
49. It is nt ____________ ding the things we like, but liking the things we have t d _____ makes life wrth it.
A. by; thatB. nly; whichC. /; thatD. until; which
50. —____________ that he didn’t dare t mve an inch.
—S____________, and s ____________ yu, were yu in the dark.
A. S frightened was he; was he; wuldB. He was s frightened; he was; were
C. S frightened was he; he was; wuldD. S frightened he was; was he; were
51. It was frm the few supplies ________ she had bught frm in the village ________ the hstess cked such a nice dinner.
A. that; whereB. which; thatC. that; thatD. that; which
52. Thugh very tired, the manager kept n wrking in the ffice.
A. feelingB. feelC. have feltD. felt
53. Of all the traditinal festivals, it is the harvest festival can be fund in almst every culture.
A. thatB. whC. whichD. where
54. There ____neither gas nr electricity at hme, we had t g t the nearest restaurant t have lunch.
A. had beenB. wasC. beingD. has been
强调句型
注意点
例 句
It is (was) +
被强调部分+that(wh)…
为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语或状语），常用强调结构：It is(was) +被强调部分+that(wh)…；
表示强调的it在这种结构的句子中作主句的主语，it本身没有词义。
一般讲，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来各种时态，用It is…that (wh)…；如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则用It was… that(wh)…。
原句：Last night I saw a film in the Yuth Palace.
强调主语：It was I that (r: wh) saw a film in the Yuth Palace last night.
强调宾语：It was a film that I saw in the Yuth Palace last night.
强调地点状语：It was in the Yuth Palace that I saw a film last night.
强调时间状语：It was last night that I saw a film in the Yuth Palace.
谓语动词的强调
It is/ was … that …结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，要用助动词d/des或did。
注意：
①d用于对肯定的祈使句的强调以及对实义动词一般现在时肯定句（除主语是第三人称单数）的强调；
②des用于对实义动词一般现在时肯定句主语是第三人称单数的强调；
③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。
①D be careful when yu crss the street.
过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！
They d wrk hard at maths.
他们对数学的学习确实很努力。
②He des send an email t me every day.
他确实每天都给我发电子邮件。
③He did d his hmewrk yesterday.
昨天他确实做了家庭作业。
It is (was) +被强调部分+that(wh)…句型的变式
It is (was) +
被强调部分+that(wh)…
句式基本特征：
Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that…；
或情态动词+ it + be + 被强调部分 + that…
①Was it in 1969 ________ the American astrnauts succeeded _______ landing n the mn ?
A. when; n B. that; n C. when; in D. that; in
②Culd it be in the restaurant in _______ yu had dinner with me yesterday _______ yu lst yur handbag?
A. that; which B. which; that
C. where; that D. that; where
特殊疑问句形式
句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？或特殊疑问词 + 情态动词 + it + be + 被强调部分 + that…
—_______ is it _______ has made Peter _______ he is tday?
—Determinatin.
A. What; that; that B. That; that; what
C. What; what; that D. What; that; what
反意疑问句形式
句式基本特征：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？
It was Alice and her byfriend wh sent the ld man t the hspital, _______?
A. d they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it
强调句与其它句型的结合
与名词从句的结合句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。
①I’ve already frgtten _________ yu put the dictinary.
A. that it was there B. where was it that [来源:学.科.网][来源:学&科&网]
C. that where it was D. where it was that
【解析】D。本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。
第一步：复原→It was n the desk that I put the dictinary.
第二步：对划线部分提问→Where was it that yu put the dictinary?
第三步：变为陈述语序，将其用作frgtten的宾语从句则变为：I’ve already frgtten where it was that yu put the dictinary.
②It was at the very beginning _______ Mr. Fx made the decisin _______ we shuld send mre firefighters there.
A. when; which B. where; what [来源:Zxxk.Cm]
C. then; s D. that; that
【解析】D。 第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明the decisin的内容。
与定语从句的结合句式特征为：在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句。
①It was in the small huse _______ was built with stnes by his father _______ he spent his childhd.
A. which; that B. that; where
C. which; which D. that; which
【解析】A。本题含义为＂是在这间小房子里他度过了童年＂，the small huse作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that，故答案选A。
②Is _______ three hurs _______ the by _______ family is pr t cme t schl n ft?
A. it; that; whse B. it; that it takes; whse
C. it fr; that it takes; whse D. it; when; that;
【解析】B。本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式It takes sb. sme time t d sth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：
第一步：基本句式It takes the by three hurs t cme t schl n ft.
第二步：以the by为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：
It takes the by whse family is pr three hurs t cme t schl n ft.
第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：It is three hurs that it takes the by whse family is pr t cme t schl n ft.
第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句可知答案。
强调句型的省略形式
句式特征为：在一定的上下文中，强调句型的that(wh)及其后面的部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。
①—Wh is making s much nise in the garden?
—________ the children.
A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are
【解析】答案为A。强调句型在具体的语境中的省略，其完整形式应是：It is the children wh are making s much nise in the garden.。
②—He was nearly drwned nce.
—When was that?
—_______ was in 1998 he was in middle schl.
A. That; that B. it; when C. This; that D. It; that
【解析】B。强调句的一种省略，完整形式是：It was in 1998 when he was in middle schl that he was nearly drwned.
方法技巧点拨
1. 考前应认真研读高考题目，了解命题人的意图，对高考方向有所把握。
2. 倒装句在句式上考生不是很习惯，故考生得从多方面入手，熟悉各种倒装句式，以不变应万变。
3. 要注意倒装句中的主谓一致、时态一致及人称一致等问题。
4. 加强理解分析能力，切忌机械记忆，注意知识间的交叉，分清句子成分。
5. 在平时的学习中尽最大努力运用所学知识，达到熟能生巧的目的。