牛津译林版英语九年级上册9A Unit 1-8 语法和知识点归纳

牛津译林版九年级上册 9A Unit 1-8语法和知识点

9A U1 语法和知识点复习

语法:
1.and 表示并列关系，用于肯定句中。I like apples and bananas.
2.or表示选择关系 , you can stay at home or go out.
or 在否定句中也表示 并列关系。I don’t like apples or bananas.
3.but 表示转折关系。He is very young ,but he knows a lot.
4.so表示因果关系。He got up late ,so he was late for school.
5. both …and…连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
例如：both Lucy and Lily (study) hard
6. neither…nor….和 either … or…和not only…but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词要和最近的主语保持一致（就近原则） 例如：neither my parents nor she （know)it
知识点：
1. Look at the sign, it “No smoking”. A.speaks B. says C. writes
背诵：在英语中，报纸，杂志，广告等上面“写着”常用动词say，且多用一般现在时态。、
2.make做“使，让”的三种用法： a. make sb +形容词 b. make sb +动词原形。 c. be made to do sth.
例如：it makes them (feel) good to share things with others.
3. Let 做“使，让”时句型：let sb do sth. 4.同意某人的意见=agree with sb
5. 吃光= eat up 6. 使…保持井然有序= keep ….in good order
7.炫耀= show off 8.足够…可以做某事=形容词+enough to do sth
9. 想出注意=come up with 10. 对… 很好奇= be curious about…
11. 容易生气= get angry easily
12. .it is kind you to help me it is terrible me to work without speaking all day long
背诵：It is +形容词+for/of sb to do sth 如果形容词是说明人的品质的，用of;如果形容词是说明事情的用for.
13.背诵：He doesn’t like to talk much, but his work shouts. =他不喜欢讲太多，但是他的作品极具说服力。
14. I am always searching for something different. 我总是在寻找一些不同的东西
15.放弃=give up 用法： a. give up doing sth b. give it up
16. 领先= take the lead 17.落后= fall behind
18. 准备做某事= be ready to do sth 19. 接受新的挑战= take on new challenges
20. 失之毫厘谬以千里= a miss is as good as a mile
21. 我们不能承担任何错误 = we can’t afford to make any mistakes
22. 注意做某事= pay attention to +doing
23.高水准的工作= work to high standards
24.作为医生，你越仔细越好 = as a doctor, you can’t too careful. can’t … too =…越…越…
25.乐意做某事= be willing to do sth
26. 为某人做手术= do operations on sb
27. 把时间都贡献在做某事上=devote +时间to +doing sth
28. 擅长做某事= be good at doing sth=do well in doing sth
29. 下棋= play chess 30.适合= be suitable for
31. 据说= it is said that… 32. 在某些方面= in some ways
33. 害怕做某事=be afraid of doing sth 34.做演讲= make a speech
35.某人花费时间做某事 = sb spend +sometime +(in )doing sth = sb spend +sometime+on sth
36.尽某人最大努力做某事= try one’s best to do sth
37. 上学缺席= be absent from school
38. 推荐某人担任…职务= recommend … as +职务
39. 做某事最合适的人选= the most suitable person to do sth
40. 他帮助其他的学生= he helps other students

9A U2 语法和知识点复习
语法：宾语从句
1. 宾语从句常放在动词后面。
2.宾语从句的连接词有三类： a . that b. if / whether c. 特殊疑问词。
3. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序，即：主语+谓语+其它
4. 宾语从句的时态：宾语从句的时态和主句的时态有关，如果主句的时态是现在时态，那么宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如果主句的时态是过去时态，那么宾语从句的时态也要用过去的某种形式。注意：如果从句是客观真理，那就用一般现在时态。
知识点：
1. “穿”的几种表达：a. be dressed in /wear/be in...表状态。 b.put on 表"穿"的动作c. dress sb= " 给某人穿衣”
2. 女孩的颜色= a girl's colour
3.某物没有什么大碍=there's nothing wrong with sth.
4.某物穿在某人身上好看= sth looks good on sb
5.某人穿某物好看=sb looks good in sth
6. 你知道彩虹有多少种颜色吗?=do you know how many colours there are in a rainbow?
7.你最喜欢的颜色是哪一个?=which is your favourite colour?
8. what colour...= how about...后都跟动词的现在分词形式。 例如：what about (go) swimming?
9.感到瞌睡/放松/有压力=feel sleepy/relaxed/stressed
10. 给身心带来和平=bring peace to mind and body
11. 代表忧伤/快乐= represent sadness/joy
12. 在婚礼当天= on their wedding day
13. prefer的几点用法：
a.prefer doing sth to doing sth = 喜欢做什么胜过做什么
b. prefer to do sth rather than do sth = 比较喜欢做什么胜过做什么
c. would rather do sth than do sth = 宁愿做什么也不愿做什么
14. 让某人振作起来= cheer sb up
15.remind 的两点用法： a. 提醒某人想起某事= remind sb of sth b. 提醒某人去做某事= remind sb to do sth
16. 希望成功= hope for success
17. succeed(v.)--success(n.)--successful(adj.) ---successfully(adv.)
18.成功做某事 = succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth
19.妒忌的，眼红的= green with envy
20. 对...有帮助= be of help to sb = be helpful to sb
21.动词放句首做主语时，常变成动名词，而且谓语动词常用单数。
例如：(wear) red (make) it easier to take action
22. 采取行动做某事= take action to do sth
23.做某事有困难= have difficulty (in) doing sth = have problems with sth= have trouble ( in ) doing sth
24. 决定做某事 = decide to do sth = make a decision to do sth
25. 取决于= depend on
26. 由...制成... a. be made of ...(能看出原材料） b. be made from...(不能看出原材料）
27. instead与instead of : A:instead 常放句子开头或结尾。 B:instead of 常放中间，后跟动名词。
28. 答应做某事= promise to do sth 29. 取回，拿回= get... back
30. 镇静= calm down 31. 感到一点点压力= feel a little bit stressed
32. 红白搭配很好= red and white are a good match 33 试穿= try on (记住，代词要放中间）。
34. such as 与for example的区别：
（1）for example作“例如”讲时，用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中。for example后接完整的句子。
（2）such as也作“例如”讲，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。such as 后只能接名词或名词性短语。


9A U3语法和知识点复习

1. 宾语从句的引导词/连接词;
A. 宾语从句为陈述句连词用that:
B.宾语从句为一般疑问句连词用if或whether;
C宾语从句为特殊疑问句连词用特殊疑问词
2.宾语从句的语序:用陈述语序.
3.时态详解
A.主现从需：主句是现在的时态（包括一般 现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态根据实际情况需要而定。例：I know she lives here. I know she lived here ten years ago.
B.主过从过：主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 例：I knew who lived here.
C.客观 真理或规律，从句一般现在时。例：Our teacher told us that the earth ________ (move) round the sun.
4.改写宾语从句：
A.确定连接词(根据从句的句式)
B.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句)
C.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)
D.确定从句的人称（根据句意）
表示建议的句子：
Why not do …? =Why don’t you do…?
What / How about doing…?
Let’s do…
Shall we do…?
Perhaps you should do…
It’s a good idea to do…
1. get fat =变胖
2. too much+后加不可数名词 too many+后加可数名词复数
much too+后加形容词和副词
3.what's the matter?= what is wrong?=怎么了？+with sb
4. 提建议的句型：
a. why not+v...=why don't you +v...?
b.what about+doing sth=how about +doing sth?
c. you had better (not ) +do sth
5. 少吃多锻炼= eat less and exercise more
6. enough "足够的”与名词连用，enough books。
与形容词连用放其后， good enough。
结构：形容词+enough to do sth= 足够怎么样可以做 ...
7. 有足够时间做某事=have enough time to do sth
8. 让某人发疯= drive sb mad
9. （电视）开着=be on
10.感到孤独/瞌睡= feel lonely/sleepy
11. 他们没有时间陪我= they don't have time for me
12.处理=deal with= do with,
deal with 常与how连用，do with 常与what 连用
13. 除此做某事，别无选择=have no choice but to do
14. 发现做某事....样= find it +形容词+to do sth
15.熬夜熬到很晚=stay up late
16.保持清醒= stay awake 按时= on time
17. 想象做某事= imagine doing sth
18. 按时完成所有的的家庭作业很重要
= it is important to finish all the homework on time.
19.我几乎没有任何空闲时间从事我的爱好
= I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies.
20. 某人花费多长时间做某事
= sb spend +sometime on sth
= sb spend sometime in doing sth
21. 值得做某事=be worth doing sth
22. 梦想做某事= dream of doing sth
23. so that... =以至于....其后的句子常含有情态动词。
例如：I dream of a long holiday so that I could have more time for my hobbies.
24. 给某人提供某物=offer sb sth=offer sth to sb
25.建议（名词）：
a. advice 是不可数名词，没有复数。
b. suggestion 是可数名词，复数为suggestions
26.hope的两点用法：
a. hope that +从句 b.hope to do sth
27. 收到某人的来信=hear from sb
28. 对... 痴迷= be crazy about...
29. 我对足球的喜爱= my love of football
30. 担心某人= worry about sb = be worried about sb
31. 陷入麻烦= get into trouble
32. 允许某人做某事= allow sb to do sth
33.对某人严格=be strict with sb
对某事严格=be strict in sth
34. 在外面待到很晚=stay out late
35. 期望做某事=look forward to doing
36.没有取得进步=make little progress
37.复习=go over. .
38. 尽可能经常= as often as possible= as often as sb can.
39. 大声读英语= read English aloud
40. 尽量做某事= try to do sth
41. 对thank you的回答：
a. you're welcome b. not at all c. that's all right d. it 's a pleasure e. my pleasure.
42. 注意= pay attention to +doing sth
43. 和某人分享某物= share sth with sb
44. 许多我们同龄的学生都有这个问题
= many students of our age have this problem

9A U4语法和知识点复习

语法：时间状语从句
before /after / when /while/ since /till /until/ as soon as /whenever
用法：
1.before /after/ when/while既可以做连词，后跟句子，又可以做介词，后跟动名词。
例如:We should wash hands before having dinner.
2. when和while 的区别：while后只能跟延续性动词。When后既可以跟延续的又可以跟短暂的。
例如：I was washing when the bell rang.
3. till 与until的区别：a .与not连用时只能用until.
b. until 可以放在句首也可以放在句 子中间，till只放在句子中间
4.since自从…以来,主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 例如： He has lived here since I met him.
注意：在时间状语从句中，时态必须保持一致。通常是：主句用过去，从句用过去。主句用现在，从句用现在。
主句用将来，从句用现在。
知识点：
1. 挂在心上=on one’s mind 2. 成长= grow up
3.喊醒某人= . wake sb up 4. 大量信息= a great deal of information
5. 参加…的选拔= try out for 6. 拒绝做某事= refuse to do sth
7. 失去信心= lose heart 8.从那时起= From then on
9. because of +doing sth = 因为…. 10.练习做某事= practise doing sth.
11. 让某人做某事= get sb to do sth 12. 让某人惊讶的是= to one’s surprise
13. 他有一颗充满爱的心= he has a heart full of love 14. 继续去某事= go on to do sth
15. 多于= more than = over 16.被命名=be named
17.邀请某人做某事=invite sb to do sth 18.决定做某事=decide to do sth=make a decision to do sth
19.导致=lead to
20.结果=as a result
21. 被迫做某事= be forced to do sth
22. 注意= take notice of
23. 他最骄傲的那一刻是在1998年= his proudest moment came in 1998.
24.通过努力，他证明身高体重都不重要，只要你从不放弃，你就能做任何事情= Through hard work ,he proved that size and body type doesn’t matter- --you can do almost anything if you never give up.
25.为生命安全担忧=in fear of one’s life
26.改变某人的主意=change one’s mind
27.爆发=break out
抛锚，精神崩溃=break down
闯入= break into
中断=break off
分开，裂开=break up
28.令某人吃惊的是=to one’s surprise
29.远离=get away from
30.躲藏起来= go into hiding
31. die of =死于(内因)； die from =死于（外因)
32. 在某人多少岁时= in +one’s +年龄的复数
33. 乐意做某事= be ready to do sth = be willing to do sth
34. 关心= care for
35. 需要中= in need
36. 足够做某事= be enough to do sth

9A U5语法和知识点复习

语法：原因状语从句（在复合句中表示主句动作发生的原因）
Because “因为”，引导原因状语从句，表示动作发生的直接原因，语气很强，常用来回答why 引导的疑问句。汉语里我们习惯说“因为……所以……”，但英语中不能将because 与so 连用。
如：I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill. I was ill, so I didn’t go to school.
Since 与as“既然；由于；因为，”也可引导原因状语从句，和because相比语气稍弱。表示已知的、显然的理由，多位于句首。 如：Since/As it is raining, you ‘d better take a taxi.
知识点：
1.Something pleasant“令人愉快的事” 形容词修饰不定代词放于不定代词后
pleasant-adj.令人愉快的（修饰事物）；pleased-adj.满意的，愉快的（修饰人）；pleasure-n.愉快，高兴，乐事
please-v.使……愉快
[考点点拨]: a pleasant trip 一次令人愉快的旅行
pleased (adj.)高兴的，愉快的；be pleased to do sth．乐意做某事；be pleased with sth对某事／物感到满意。
如：The teacher was pleased with the students' performance.
pleasure (n.)令人高兴的事情，乐事；乐趣；with pleasure愉快地，乐意地。如：I did the work with pleasure.
2.What art form do you like?你喜欢什么艺术形式？
3.What kind of music do you like best?你喜欢什么类型的音乐？
4. prefer A to B 与B 比起更喜欢A
prefer doing A to doing B 与做B比起更喜欢做A
prefer to do A rather than do B更喜欢做A,而不愿做B
5.present sb with sth. =present sth to sb给某人颁发某物 sth be presented to sb某物被颁发给某人
6. Show an interest in……=be interested in……对……感兴趣
7.go on doing sth 继续做某事 go on to do sth 接下来做另一件事
8. be known /famous for 因……而著名
9. win an Oscar/ award for…… 因……获奥斯卡奖/奖
10.Music (n. 音乐） musical(adj. 音乐的） musician(n. 音乐家）
11.succeed(v.成功） success（n. 成功） successful(adj. 成功的） successfully(adv. 成功地）
12. in a western style 用西方的风格
13. one of his works 他的其中一部作品
14. choose sb to do sth 选择某人做某事 be chosen to do sth 被选中做某事
have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事
15. speak /think highly of 高度赞扬
16. be open to 对……开放
17. plan to do sth 计划做某事
18. after a while 过了一会
19. out of breath 气喘吁吁 上气不接下
20. Hurry into 匆忙进入
21. have a lasting value 有永久的价值 be of great value 有巨大的价值
22. make up 编造
23.What do you think of……?=How do you like……? 你认为……怎么样？
24.praise sb for sth. 因……赞扬某人
25. have a real gift for 在……方面有天赋
26.as usual 像往常一样
27. mix ……with……把……和……混合在一起
28. ran in all directions 跑向四面八方
29. encourage……to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 30. keep doing sth 一直做某事

9A U6语法和知识点复习

语法：条件状语从句（在复合句中表示主句动作发生的条件）
1.If“如果，假如”，引导条件状语从句，表示在某种条件下某事 很可能发生。You will get good grades if you study hard.
可以主句在前，if从句在后；也可以if从句在前，主句在后，中间用逗点隔开。
If you study hard， you will get good grades .
无论主句用一般将来时、情态动词、还是祈使句，从句均用一般现 在时。
If you ask him, he will help you.
If it is fine tomorrow, we can go and fly the kite.
Don’t miss the programme if you like music.
注意：if翻译成“是否”引导宾语从句，按照宾语从句语法规则对待。
2. unless“除非，如果不”，相当于“if…not”,引导条件状语从句
You will be late unless you leave at once.=You will be late if you don’t leave at once.
无论主句用一般将来时、情态动词、还是祈使句，从句均用一般现 在时。
The game will be played unless it rains.
He can’t see clearly unless he wears glasses.
Don’t touch the machine unless the teacher allows you to.
知识点：
1.get bored with sth/doing sth 对……感到厌烦
2. have something/nothing to do有某事要做/无事可做
3.A dog’s work is never done.狗的工作永远做不完
4. What type of programmes do you like? 你喜欢什么类型的节目？
5. take part in +活动 =join in +活动 “参加某种活动” join +组织/人“加入某个组织/加入某人的行列”
6. There are always famous people on these shows talking about their lives.
There be sb doing sth “有某人在做某事”
7.win a big prize 获得一项大奖
8.a weekly round-up of “一周……的摘要
9. a number of+名词复数；许多，大量 做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
the number of +名词复数“……的数量” 做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
如：The number of the students in this school is over 2000,a number of them are girls.
10.be coverd live 现场直播
11.vote online for……在线为……投票 12.send text message to……发送短信至……
13. direct (v.导演） director(n.导演） 14. be found dead(adj.) 被发现死亡
15. be full of ……=be filled with……“充满、装满……” 16. get scared easily 容易害怕
17.take a close look at……近距离的观察
18.stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情 stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事
19.hunt sth for……因……而猎杀某物
20.Interview sb =have an interview with sb “采访某人”
21. a waste of time 浪费时间
22.last:  v 持续 last for 3 days ‚ last month “上个月” ƒ at last “最后”
23. murder :  vt.谋杀 ‚ n. 谋杀案 murderer (n.) 谋杀者
24. die of 死于自身原因 die from 死于外部原因
25. receive a message from sb 收到来自某人的信息
26. ask sb for help 向某人寻求帮助
27.stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 =prevent sb.(from) doing sth.
=keep sb. from doing sth.（注意这里的from不能去掉， 去掉就变了意思了）
28. catch one’s attention 引起某人的注意

9A U7语法和知识点复习
Grammar :状语从句
让步状语从句：连词有though/although.一定记住：在让步状语从句中，though/although不能与but连用。
结果状语从句：连词有so…that../such…that…
so…that…的用法： 1.so +形容词/副词+that+句子 2.so+many/much/few/little+that+句子
such…that…的用法：1. such+a/an+形容词+that+句子 2.Such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that+句子
目的状语从句：连词有 so that/in order that, 这两个连词引导的从句中，常含有情态动词。例如：Hepburn spent her last few years working so that she could help poor children in different parts of the world.
知识点：
1.明日的超级明星=tomorrow’s superstar
2.你做梦=in your dreams
3.适合= be suitable for
4.Instead与instead of的区别：instead常放句末或句首。 Instead of放句中，后跟动名词。
5.宁愿做某事= would rather +do sth
6.One of的用法 one of +the +(形容词最高级）+名词复数
7.一位美人的损失= the loss of a beauty
loss n. 丧失，损失；失败 …的失去 the loss of v. 输、失败、失去.lose—lost—lost (v) 失去某人的生命 lose one’s life
lost adj 迷失的，迷路的 ①迷路 get lost= lose one’s way ②那个走丢的男孩 the lost boy
8.梦想做某事= dream of doing sth
9.吸引某人的注意= catch one’s attention
10. insist + that … 坚持认为… eg:She insisted she was right.
insist + on sth. /doing sth. 坚持… eg：He insisted on seeing us home . He insisted on his decision.
11.以…为基础= base…on/upon be based upon/on 以…为基础
12.标志着…开始= mark the beginning of
13.扮演….主角= play the lead role of …
14.被选为做…= be chosen to be= be chosen as
15.充满=be full of
16.事实上= in fact.
17.因为…赢得…= win …for…
18.最后一次露面= make one’s final appearance
appear v. 出现 disappear appearance n.出现、外表 disappearance
19.超出，超过= go beyond
20.more与another的用法：与数字连用时 数字+more= another+数字 +名词
21. in the +1970s= 在20世纪70年代
22.因为他的努力= because of his efforts.
23. 患癌症= have cancer
24. 平静地去世= pass away peacefully
25.爱上某人= fall in love with
26.mistake sb. for … 将某人误以为… mistake--mistook—mistaken
mistake作名词时，意为“错误”。 make a mistake意为 “犯错”。 Eg: It's natural that a learner makes such mistakes.
by mistake“由于失误” Eg: I took your pen by mistake.由于失误我拿了你的钢笔。
27.你认为…怎么样？= what do you think about….
= what do you think of …= how do you like …?
28.“ so/neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”的用法：当上文所说的情况适合另一个人和物时，就用此结构。
例如： Lucy likes apples, so do I . Lucy doesn’t like apples, neither do I .

9A U8语法和知识点复习

1. 概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
The girl who is standing there is Mary.
2. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。
3. 关系词：引导定语从句的词。
4. 结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子
5. 注意: 从句必须紧跟在先行词后。 关系代词做主语时，动词单复数必须与先行词一致。
eg: The girls who are standing there is Mary.
关系代词
指人
指物
主语
宾
语
that




which




who




whom




难点(1)：区分who, whom
1. The man _____ talked to you just now is a worker.
2. The foreigner ________ visited our class yesterday is from Canada.
3. I’d like to see the boy ______ you talked about .
4. The girl _________ we saw yesterday is John’s sister.
难点(2) :关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略，作主语则不可。
1. Did you read the book ________ I lend to you ? A. whose B. / C. who D. what
2. Did you read the book _______was popular at the moment. A. that B. / C. who D. what
关系词只能用that的情况：
A.先行词里同时含有人或物时 I can remember the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
B. 当先行词为all， everything， anything， the one等不定代词时
  Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？
C. 当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时
Return all the books that you borrowed from the library.
D. 先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last等词修饰时 This is the same bike that I lost.
E. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰  He was the first person that passed the exam.
F. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost?
关系词只能用which的情况：①非限定性定语从句中，即逗号之后； ②介词后面不能用that，只能用which。
This is the village ,which we visited last summer. 这是我们去年夏天参观的乡村。
Is this the bookshop from which you bought the book?这是你买这本书的书店吗？
关系代词只能用who的情况：
1. 当先行词是those, someone , anyone, 等词时，关系代词只能用who
Those who want to go to the Great Wall are our friends.
Is there anyone who wants to go there?
2. 在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词只能用who
There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.

知识点：
1.穿着= be dressed in…
2. 寻找重要事情的线索= look for clues to something important
3. 相当严重=much more serious
4. 丢失= go missing
5. 做笔录= make notes on
6. 讲实话= tell the truth
7. 中等身高= of medium height
8. 看见某人做了某事= see sb do sth
9. 某人被看见做了某事= be seen to do sth
10. 看见某人正在做某事= see sb doing sth
11. 某人被看见正在做某事=be seen doing sth
(和see用法相似的有hear, watch,notice)
12. 发生= take place= happen(没有被动语态）
13. 查出（真相）= find out..
14.别的某个地方=somewhere else
15. 带到某地= bring to sp
16.一些非同寻常的事情= something unusual
17.要求某人做某事= ask sb to do sth
18.被…弄伤= be wounded with
19. 流血而死= bleed to death
20.结果= as a result
21.破案= solve the case
22. 一份工资很高的工作= a well-paid job
23.根据= according to
24. 犯有…罪行= be guilty of
25. 被控告…= be charged with
26.破门闯入= break into
27. 树敌= make sb some enemies
28. so far=到目前为止（是现在完成时态的标志词）
29. 呼吸严重= breathe heavily
30. 提供… 奖赏= offer a reward of…
31. 导致= lead to
32. 破案高手= a master at solving crimes
33. 结果是= turn out
34.坐牢= in prison
35. 和… 无关= have nothing to do with.
36. 匆忙做某事= be in a hurry to do sth
37. 一个富有的人= a wealthy man= a man of wealth
38.防范，提防某事= guard against sth
39.保护…免遭...= protect…. from…
40.最好(不）做某事=had better （not）do sth
41.做事情谋生= do sth for a living
42.与…和睦相处= get…along /on with