中考英语完形填空答题技巧及练习

中考英语完形填空答题技巧及练习

一、知己知彼

完形填空命题特点：

1. 多是动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词，伴有少数表明词际关系、句际关系的介词和连词。

2.不再以单纯的语法知识为命题角度，考查词义的辨析和对文章结构的把握以及语篇的综合理解，试题突出语篇、注重语境、强调应用。

题型：

⑴ 上下文直接信息题：

  本类题的设置特点是，四个选项之间不存在词义区别和用法比较。考生应着眼于对上下文信息的捕捉和对上下文暗示的领会。如下列“考题1”中的第7、8、9小题。

⑵ 词、句、文三结合理解题：

  本类题的设置特点是：其中某一个或几个选项代入空白处会使句意不通或严重违背上下句意义的衔接或直接与短文内容不符，考生在做这类题时要对各选项的词义作准确的把握。如下列“考题1”中的第4、5小题。

⑶ 词义辨析题：

  本类题的设置特点是，各选项代入空中后该句的语法都是正确的，但是句子出现了几种不同的含义。在做这类题时，考生要认真比较各词之间的细微差别。如下列“考题1”中的第1、11、15小题。

⑷ 语法知识和固定短语考查题：

  考生在解答本类题时要注意句子的语法结构要正确：如时态、语态等；对固定短语要注意其结构的完整性，如下列“考题1”中的第10小题。

⑸ 行文逻辑和全文中心把握题：

  本类题的设空特点是：把各选项中的对象代入空格中可导致上下文之间出现因果关系、递进关系、转折关系、条件关系等。做本类题时，考生要注意全文的主线或脉络，仔细分析上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而准确地选出正确答案。如下列“考题1”中的第2、13小题。

二、克敌制胜

方法：

1.通读全文，领会大意

  完形填空题不同于单项选择填空题。单项填空题所给的是一个或两个句子，根据本句或前后句就可以判定所选的答案。而完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文，所选的答案处在整段或整篇文章之中。所以在做题前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是绝不可省的一步。

2. 紧扣内容，分析对比备选答案

①捕捉信息，轻松解题

 1)Last summer Mike found a swimming_____near his house. The lessons did not cost very much.

  A. park      B. school      C. farm       D. factory

 2)You shake your head, and people know you are saying______

  A. OK       B. No       C. Well       D. Sorry

②逻辑推理，准确判断(观察语境，切忌臆断)

1)…And they took hold of it, one each side. They walked ______ with the heavy basket, but happily.

 A. weakly   B. quickly   C. slowly    D. quietly

2)Some of us are ______(24) while others are quiet.

 A. outgoing    B. shy    C. serious      D. Silent

3)I was really_____because it was the first time I had taken part in any competition. Thinking that I might be lucky again, I tried joining in other art competitions.

A. sorry      B. active     C. lucky      D. nervous

③辨析用法，谨慎选择

(1) 当遇到一个需要填的词时，首先要考虑这个词在句子中的成分是什么？词性是什么？

(2) 如果需要填的是名词，就要考虑名词的单复数和所有格形式。

(3) 如果需要填的是形容词或副词，就应考虑是用原级或是比较级，还是最高级。

(4) 如果需要填的是动词，则要考虑动词的时态，语态，人称变化，语气以及非谓语动词（不定式和动词-ing形式）的一般式，被动式和完成式等。

(5) 如果需要填空的是介词，则要注意固定搭配的用法。

(6) 如果需要填的是冠词，则要注意是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。

(7) 另外要注意一些固定句型。

1)My mom always 1, “To make progress is important.”

A. says      B. tells      C. speaks       D. asks

2)Building a house is an operation（行为）which costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house, your first step is to find a suitable piece of ______You will probably try to find a sunny place, in a pleasant  situation, near stores and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.

 A. floor      B. place     C. land     D. playground

④借助语法，避免干扰

From that day on, Mrs. Tippett was even more strict with ______ and gave me more help.

A. them      B. her        C. I       D. me

⑤瞻前顾后，寻找线索

短文中每个空白处的正确答案和气上下文在意思上和结构上都有这样或那样的必然联系。一般说来，所选答案只有和上下文和结构上都吻合的时候，才是正确答案。因此，

1. 必须注意上下的参照，连贯思考。如果答案一时确定不下来，可暂放一边，待其他答案选好之后，再回过头来仔细推敲。
2. 试题所提供的短文可以说是一个整体，空白处所需要选的答案只是整体中的一部分。有时候，所选答案从局部看是可行的，但从整体看，不见的是最佳的答案。这时就要局部服从整体，从短文的整体内容出发，重新选择答案。对于那些拿不定主意或未能选答的空白，不要仅局限在与上下文的对照上，要把视野扩大到全文。有时一旦和整篇短文联系起来，就可豁然开朗，很容易选出正确答案。

【例题解析】

    “Ring… ring…” the telephone suddenly rang. Sam got up to   1   the call. It was his aunt. “Sam,      __2___are you still at home?” she asked surprisingly. Sam 1ooked at the clock. It was already 7:30 a. m. “Oh, my goodness! There’s an important   3   today,” Sam shouted out.

      He hurried to wash his face and get   4  . When he was going to leave the house, he  5   that he had not put away his books. He ran quickly to the   6   and put them into the bag. He then went to the bus stop to go to school as   7   as he could. When he got into the classroom, his classmates were   8   writing. “Why are you so   9  ?” asked the teacher . “I’m sorry, sir,” Sam answered, afraid of looking   10  . “It was my clock. It   11    to wake me up this morning and ....” “Don't say anything about it,” his teacher   12   him. “Don’t try to come late next time!” Sam said yes and walked to his   13   quickly. But when he tried to do the paper, he could not   14  in a right way. He put his head on the desk and said, “What a   15  day it has been for me!”

 (    ) 1.  A. find          B. give             C. put             D. answer

 (    ) 2.  A. why          B. how             C. when           D. where

 (    ) 3.  A. talk           B. party            C. exam           D. meeting

 (    ) 4.  A. tired          B. lost              C. dressed         D. rested

 (    ) 5.  A. forgot         B. remembered      C. understood      D. thought

 (    ) 6.  A. classroom      B. desk            C. bus             D. door

 (    ) 7.  A. carefully       B. quietly          C. early            D. fast

 (    ) 8.  A. worried        B. free             C. busy             D. careful

 (    ) 9.  A. 1ate           B. ill              C. lonely           D. ready

 (    )10. A. down          B. up              C. out              D. back

 (    )11. A. happened       B. stopped         C. failed            D. pointed

 (    )12. A. helped         B. knew            C. followed          D. stopped

 (    ) 13. A. room          B. table            C. seat              D. teacher

 (    ) 14. A. think          B. sit              C. turn               D. speak

 (    ) 15. A. short          B. bad             C. happy             D. usual

【课堂训练】

 Jack is an English teacher at a college．He moved to New York City with __1__family．Jack is an excellent teacher．So we all missed him very much since he__2__．Two weeks ago, Jack came back to North Carolina for a short visit．The teachers and students held a small __3__or him．

At the party．I certainly would not__4__that good chance to learn English．So I tried to think of all kinds of topics to talk __5__Grace，another English teacher．

 Suddenly I heard Jack say to others__6__，“I dig New York!”I immediately asked Grace，“Is it really difficult to find a job in New York?” Why does Jack__7__ do heavy work since he is such a good teacher?’’

“Why do you think that?”Grace asked me．

 ‘‘Haven’t you heard him__8__that he is digging New York? Is he building an underground passage?”I asked．

When she finally realized what I meant，Grace laughed to tears．She then asked us__9__we knew the meaning of“I dig New York．”All of us shook our__10__.So Grace asked Jack to explain it.

 It turns out that“I dig New York”means“I love New York”in American slang(俚语)．

(    )1. A. he           B. his              C. himself

(    )2. A. left          B. leaves            C. leave

(    )3. A. meeting      B. party             C. lecture

(    )4. A. look up       B. call up           C. give up

(    )5. A.  with        B. at               C. of

(    )6. A. angrily       B. sadly             C. loudly

(    )7. A. have to       B. had to            C. has to

(    )8. A. talk          B. say              C. speak

(    )9. A. that          B. whether           C. what

(    )10. A. hands        B. arms            C. heads