高中英语高考M2 Unit 3 Amazing people(讲)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(教案)

这是一份高中英语高考M2 Unit 3 Amazing people(讲)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)(教案)，共24页。教案主要包含了重点词汇，经典句型等内容，欢迎下载使用。
M2 Unit 3 Amazing people(讲)-2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新高考•江苏)
单元知识清单(词汇、短语和句型)
项目
单词(包括词性变化——语法填空必备)
重点单词
apply vi.申请 vt. 使用，应用→application n.申请，申请表格；应用→applicant n.申请人
breathe v.呼吸→breath n.呼吸，气息
→breathless adj.喘不过气来的，气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的
connection n.联系→connect v.联系
curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心
death n.死亡→die v.死，去世→dying adj.垂死的，渴望的
→dead adj.死的，失去生命的，枯萎的，(与the连用)死人，死者→deadly adj.致命的
desire n.愿望，欲望，渴望 vt.渴望，期望→desirable adj.欲望的，渴望的，可取的，向往的
devotion n.奉献，忠臣，专心→devote v.致力于，奉献
→devoted adj.献身的，忠诚的；深爱的，挚爱的
discourage v.使灰心；劝阻→courage n.勇气→encourage v.鼓励→encouragement n.鼓励
disturb v.打扰，扰乱→disturbing adj.令人不安的→disturbed adj.感到不安的
→disturbance n.干扰，打扰，妨碍，骚乱→disturber n.打扰者，干扰器
Egyptian adj.埃及的，埃及人的 n.埃及人→Egypt n.埃及
entrance n.入口→enter v.进入
explorer n.探险家，探索者→exploration n.探索，勘探→explore v.探索，勘探
female n.& adj.女/性(的)→male n.& adj.男/雄性(的)
fortune n.大笔的钱，财富，运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地
→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→misfortune n.不幸，灾祸
inspire v.启迪，赋予灵感，激励，鼓舞→inspiration n.灵感，激励→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
murder vt. & n.谋杀→murderer n.谋杀者
nationality n.国籍→nation n.国家，民族，国民
→national adj.国家的，民族的，全国的，国有的，国立的，国营的
optimistic adj.乐观的，抱有乐观看法的→optimism n.乐观，乐观主义
→optimist n.乐观主义者；乐天派
organization n.组织，机构→organize v. 组织→organizer n.组织者
preserve v.保护，保存，保持→preservation n.保存，保护
→preserver n.保护人，救助者，保护物，防护用具
punishment n.惩罚→punish v.惩罚
rare adj.稀有的，罕见的→rarely adv.罕有，很少，不常
requirement n.要求，规定→require v.要求
scientific adj.科学的→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家
shortly adv.不久，很快→short adj.短的，矮的，短缺的→shorten v.缩短，使变短
survival n.幸存，存活→survive v.幸存；生存→survivor n.幸存者
various adj.各种各样的→vary v.变化→variety n.种类
warning n.警告→warn v.警告
labour n. &vi.劳动，努力工作
orbit n.轨道 vt.沿轨道运行，围绕……运动 swallow v.吞下，吞咽
signal n.信号，v.发信号，表明 astronaut n.宇航员
companion n.伴侣，陪伴 candidate n.候选人，申请人
coincidence n.巧合，碰巧 content n.内容 adj.满意的
data n. (pl)数据，资料 indeed adv.的确，确实
native本地的，本国的 outgoing adj.爱交际的，友好的，外向的
quality n.品质，质量 status n.地位，身份
virus n.病毒 valley n.山谷，峡谷
voyage n.航行，(尤指)航海，航天 superior n.上级，上司；adj.更好的，更高的
whichever pron.无论哪个，无论哪些
widespread adj.广泛的，普遍的
within prep.在……之内，不超过
(课程标准外的词汇，但是比较重要)curse n.诅咒，咒语v.诅咒，咒骂
识记单词
airplane n.飞机
captain n.船长，飞机机长，队长，海军上校，陆军，空军上尉
clothing n.衣物 north-east n.东北
riddle n.谜 rocket n.火箭
sex n.性别 tomb n.坟墓
重点短语
apply for a job申请一份工作 be curious about对……好奇
breathe in吸进 catch one’s attention引起某人的注意
come across偶然碰到 come into use开始(被)使用
get in touch with与……联系 go down in history载入史册
go out(灯/火)熄灭，外出，出去 look up to sb.尊敬某人
pay off偿清(债务)，得到回报 result in/lead to导致
set sail起航
show ... devotion to对……表现出……的忠诚/专心
win sb. the status of…为某人赢得……的地位
in control of掌管，控制 in connection with关于，与……有关
thanks to多亏，由于
经典句型
1.only+动词不定式句型
【教材原句】He too visited the tomb, only to catch a high fever the next day.(P43)
他也去了陵墓，结果第二天就发高烧。
2.not only…but also句型
【教材原句】They not only studied all the subjects required to be an astronaut but also learnt survival skills and ll about how spaceships and rockets are built.(P58)他们不仅学习成为宇航员所必修的全部科目，还学习生存技巧，以及关于飞船和火箭制造的所有知识。
3.强调句
【教材原句】Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut. (P58)虽然杨利伟并非每项测试都得了最高分，但他各项心理测试所得的高分最终为他赢得了中国首位宇航员的身份。
词汇句型精讲
一、重点词汇
重点词汇-1.curious
【原句呈现】He was bright and curious about the world outside his home town.
【知识要点】
①curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心
②相关短语、句型：
be curious about sth.对某事好奇 be curious to do sth.很想做某事，渴望做某事
fill/out of curiosity充满/出于好奇 meet/satisfy one’s curiosity满足某人的好奇心
show curiosity about sth.对某事表现出好奇心 give in to curiosity抑制不住好奇心
It is curious that…奇怪的是……
【单句填空】
用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词：
①(2021·江苏高一期中)The children explore the world with great_________.
【答案】curiosity
【解析】根据设空前的形容词great，可知此处要填形容词curious的名词形式curiosity。句意：孩子们以极大的好奇心探索这个世界。
②(2021届江苏英语新高考一轮复习)After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around _________.
【答案】curiously
【解析】修饰动词looking，应用副词curiously作状语，表示“好奇地”。句意：等了半个小时的飞机，我看到几个年轻人走进候机区，好奇地环顾四周。
③(2021·嫩江市高级中学高二期末)He did it _________ of _________.
【答案】out, curiosity
【解析】out of curiosity出于好奇心。句意：他做那件事是出于好奇。
④(2020·广东深圳中学高一期中)Children are always curious _________ everything around them. They are interested in new things and want to know more about them.
【答案】about
【解析】curious about 对……好奇。句意：孩子们总是对周围的一切充满好奇。他们对新事物感兴趣，想了解更多。
【完成句子】
①(2021·全国高一课时练习) 孩子们常常充满好奇，他们对每件事都很感兴趣。
Children ___________________ and they take great interest in everything. 
【答案】are often full of curiosity
②(2021·黑龙江实验中学高二期末)出于好奇，他把机器拆开了。
___________________, he took the machine apart.
【答案】Out of curiosity
③(2021届江苏英语新高考一轮复习)他竟然抑制不住好奇心，未经我的允许就打开了我的手提包。
He should ___________________ and opened my handbag without my permission.
【答案】give in to curiosity
④(2019·全国高一课时练习)我打开盒子来满足自己的好奇心。
I opened the box just __________________________.
【答案】to satisfy my curiosity
⑤(2021届江苏英语新高考一轮复习)从那时起，我就对未来世界充满了好奇。
Since then, I _________________________________.
【答案】have been curious about the future world
重点词汇-2.fortune
【原句呈现】Inside the tombs, he discovered a great fortune in jewels and gold, along with the preserved bodies of dead kings.在那些陵墓里，他发现了大量珠宝、黄金和已故国王们经过处理保存下来的遗体。
【知识要点】
①fortune n.大笔的钱，财富；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地→misfortune n.不幸，灾祸
②相关短语：
make a fortune发财 make one’s fortune发财，碰碰运气
seek one’s fortune寻找出路 try one’s fortune碰运气
【单句填空】
用该词条恰当的形式填空：
①(2021·全国高二课时练习)When I compare myself to you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor
_________ monster that I am!
【答案】unfortunate
【解析】unfortunate不幸的。句意：当我把自己同你比较时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊!
②(2019·广东高二期中)Lucy needs to be back on her feet again and forget the _________.
【答案】misfortune
【解析】misfortune名词：不幸。句意：露西需要重新站起来，忘掉不幸。
③(2020·广东深圳中学高一期中)_________ the old building was destroyed in that terrible earthquake that broke out in 1995.
【答案】Unfortunately
【解析】修饰整个句子用副词。修饰整个句子用副词，再根据句意“不幸的是，那座旧建筑在1995年爆发的那场可怕的地震中被毁了。” 应填为Unfortunately。
④(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高二期中)Bob must have made his _________; otherwise, he would have suffered from stress to pay back the loan.
【答案】fortune
【解析】make one’s fortune发财，碰碰运气。句意：鲍勃一定发了财，否则，他会承受偿还贷款的压力。
⑤(2019·高州市分界中学高二月考)He made a considerable _________ selling waste materials.
【答案】fortune
【解析】make a fortune发财。句意：他靠卖废品赚了一大笔钱。
⑥(2021届江苏英语新高考一轮复习)_________, a teacher impressed on me the value of cooperation.
【答案】Fortunately
【解析】修饰整个句子用副词，再根据句意“幸运的是，一位老师让我认识到合作的价值”，应填为Fortunately。
【完成句子】
①(2020·江苏高三)虽然他发了大财，但他绝不是个快乐的人。
Though ___________________, he is anything but a happy man.
【答案】he has made a big/considerable fortune
②(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高三月考)在中国，给孩子们红包是为了在新年给孩子们带来好运。
In China, children are given money in a red envelope _____________________ in the New Year.
【答案】to bring good fortune
重点词汇-3.preserve
【原句呈现】Inside the tombs, he discovered a great fortune in jewels and gold, along with the preserved bodies
of dead kings.
【知识要点】
①preserve v.保护，保存，保持→preservation n.保存，保护
→preserver n.保护人，救助者，保护物，防护用具
②相关动词短语：preserve...from...保护……免于/受……
protect…from/against…保护……免于/受……
【单句填空】
用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词：
①(2020·天津高三)At minus 130℃, a living cell can _________ for a thousand years.
【答案】be preserved
【解析】在零下130度，一个存活的细胞可以被保存一千年。
②(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)The steamboat was fully furnished with life _________.
The passengers might be saved in case of accidents.
【答案】preservers
【解析】分析句意及句子结构，可知空格处要填一个名词，所给词的名词形式是preserver。句意：这艘汽船配备了全套救生设备。万一发生事故，乘客可能会得救。
③(2021·全国高二课时练习)The old building is in a good state of _________ except for the wooden floors.
【答案】preservation
【解析】介词of后面要用名词，故填preservation。句意：除了木地板外，这幢旧建筑保存得很好。
④(2021·苏州市相城区陆慕高级中学高二期中)The society was set up to preserve endangered species _________ extinction.
【答案】from
【解析】preserve...from...保护……免于/受……。句意：这个协会的成立是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
【完成句子】
①(2020·全国高一单元测试)尽管未能挽救每一个濒临灭绝的物种，但是我们可以保护大部分免于灭绝。
Despite the failure to save every endangered species, we may__________________________.
【答案】preserve the majority against/from extinction/dying out
②(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)这些动物通常会去他们在冬天抵御寒冷的地方。
These animals usually go to places where they __________________________ in winter.
【答案】will be protected from the cold
重点词汇-4.present
【原句呈现】Then, a few months after Carter had opened the tomb, Lord Carnarvon, who was also present when the tomb was opened, fell ill with a fever and died in Egypt.　
【知识要点】
①present adj.出席的，在场的(作定语时要后置)，到场的，现在的，目前的
v. 赠予/颁予/授予，呈递/提出/提交，报告，陈述
n.礼物，赠品，现在
→presenter n.节目主持人，演讲人，发言人，(仪式上的)颁奖人，提出者，赠予者
→presentation n.报告/陈述，展示/陈列，介绍，颁发，提交，出示，上演/演出，
仪式/典礼
②相关短语：present sb. with sth.=present sth.to sb.把某物赠予/提交/送给某人
be present at出席 at the present time=at present现在，目前
for the present当前/眼前，暂时 make a presentation做报告
【单句填空】
用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词：
①(2019·河北高二月考)Henry can’t attend the party being held at Tom’s house at ________ because he is preparing tomorrow’s ________.
【答案】present, presentation
【解析】at present现在，目前；受tomorrow’s修饰用名词形式presentation。句意：亨利目前不能参加在汤姆家举行的聚会，因为他正在准备明天的报告。
②(2020-2021学年人教版新课标高一英语专题练)The ________ will give a ________ of how Chinese people fought against the Japanese troops.
【答案】presenter, presentation
【解析】第一空作主语，且又是指人，故用presenter；第二空作give 的宾语用名词，a表明用可数名词单数，故填presentation。句意：主持人会做一个演讲，讲述中国人民是如何反抗日本侵略者的。
③(上海市上海交大附中2018-2019学年高一上学期期末英语试题)The people ________ expressed their anger against the local government’s plans about how to solve the ________ problems.
【答案】present, present
【解析】present作为“在场的/在场的”讲时作定语需后置，people present“在场的人”；作为“现在的/目前的”讲时作定语需前置，present problem“现在的问题”。句意：在场的人对当地政府解关于如何决现在问题的计划表达了愤怒。
④(2019·江苏盐城中学高二期中)________ at the 70th Anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China were some former and current leaders of the Party, and tens of thousands of representatives from all walks of life.
【答案】Present
【解析】present作形容词，意为“出席的”，present位于句首，属于表语提前，主句用倒装。句意：出席中华人民共和国成立70周年庆祝活动的有党的一些前任和现任领导人，以及来自各行各业的数以万计的代表。
⑤(2020·江苏高三期末)As is well known, our success in life depends on our determination to grasp opportunities that are ________ to us.
【答案】presented
【解析】分析句子可知，此处是定语从句谓语动词，that指代opportunities，和present之间是被动关系，由前文的is判断为一般现在时，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故用are presented。句意：众所周知，我们在生活中的成功取决于我们想要抓住呈现在面前机会的决心。
⑥(2019·南师大附中高三期末)How to raise the peasant’s income is the most urgent problem ________
the present. 
【答案】for
【解析】for the present当前/眼前。句意：如何提高农民的收入是当前最迫切的问题。
⑦(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)With time going by, his memory seems to get worse and he often forgets what subject is discussed at ________ present time.
【答案】the
【解析】at the present time=at present现在， 目前。句意：随着时间的流逝，他的记忆力似乎越来越差，他经常忘记现在(眼下)讨论的话题。
⑧(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)Mary bought her husband a ________ and presented it ________ him on his birthday.
【答案】present, to
【解析】第一空present礼物；第二空present sth.to sb.把某物送给某人。句意：玛丽给她丈夫买了一个礼物并在他生日时送给了他。
⑨(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)As servants prepared to leave to visit their families, their employers would present them _________ some gifts.
【答案】with
【解析】present sb. with sth.把某物送给某人。句意：当仆人准备动身回去看望自己的家人时，他们的雇主会送给他们一些礼物。
【完成句子】
用present或 presentation完成下列句子：
①(2021·全国高二课时练习)林教授让我们做一个简短的报告。
Professor Lin asked us to ____________________.
【答案】make a very short presentation
②(2021·全国高二课时练习)在博物馆里，陈列风格是非常重要的。
__________________ is very important in a museum.
【答案】The style of presentation
③(2021·全国高二课时练习)在陈述她的想法时，海伦用了PPT。
__________________ her idea, Helen used PPT.
【答案】While/When presenting
④(2021·全国高二课时练习)观众对中国戏剧的演出评价很高。
The audience thought highly of ___________________.
【答案】the presentation of the Chinese play
⑤(2021·全国高二课时练习)出席他婚礼的一些客人是他的同事。
Some of the guests __________________ were his colleagues.
【答案】present at his wedding
⑥(2021·全国高二课时练习)我们的班长将在下星期六的颁奖仪式上获奖。
Our monitor will receive the prize _______________ next Saturday.
【答案】in the presentation
⑦(2021·全国高二课时练习)这个17岁的男孩因为他的勇敢而获得了大奖。
The17-year-old boy __________________ for his bravery.
【答案】was presented a big prize
重点词汇-5.disturb
【原句呈现】When a tomb is opened, fresh air disturbs the viruses.
【知识要点】
disturb v.打扰，扰乱，妨碍→disturbing adj.令人不安的(事物的特征)→disturbed adj.感到不安的(心理感受)→disturbance n.打扰，干扰，妨碍，骚乱→disturber n.打扰者，干扰器
【单句填空】
用该词条恰当的形式填空：
①(2021·万宁市民族中学高二期末)The ________ problem has been making him hard to sleep every night.
【答案】disturbing
【解析】disturbing令人不安的(事物的特征)。句意：这个令人不安的问题使他每晚都难以入睡。修饰后文名词problem，表示“令人不安的”，应用-ing结尾形容词disturbing，作定语。故填disturbing。
②(2021·长春市榆树高级中学高三期末)All the families were completely ________ by the ________ news.
【答案】disturbed, disturbing
【解析】第一空与前面的were构成被动语态。第二空disturbing 令人不安的(事物的特征)。句意：所有的家庭都被这个令人不安的消息搅得心烦意乱。
③(2020-2021学年牛津译林新版高一英语专题练)Neighbors should do all they can to avoid ________ other people, but there are times when some level of ________ is unavoidable.
【答案】disturbing, disturbance
【解析】第一空作avoid的宾语用动名词disturbing；第二空组介词of的宾语用名词disturbance。
句意：邻居们应该尽量避免干扰他人，但有时一定程度的干扰是不可避免的。
④(原创)A troubler who disquiets or interferes with peace and quiet is called a ________.
【答案】disturber
【解析】根据句意“扰乱或干扰和平与安宁的人被称为扰乱者。”填disturber。
【完成句子】
①(2020·全国高一广东期末)那时，饥饿在农村的许多地方是一个令人令人不安的问题。
At that time, ____________________ in many parts of the countryside.
【答案】hunger was a disturbing problem
②(2020·安徽高三)当我们在空中打电话时，飞机上的无线电可能会受到干扰。
When we speak on our phones in the air, the aircraft’s radios ________________.
【答案】can be disturbed
重点词汇-6.breathe
【原句呈现】If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.
【知识要点】
①breathe v.呼吸→breath n.呼吸，气息→breathless adj.喘不过气来的，气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的
②相关短语：breathe in/out吸气/呼气 hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
Take/make a deep breath深吸一口气
take one’s breath away使某人惊叹，使某人惊羡不已
out of breath上气不接下气
【单句填空】
用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词：
①(2020·赤峰二中高三月考)My parents like climbing the mountain behind my home in the morning, because the mountainous air is so good ________.
【答案】to breathe
【解析】表示品质的形容词good后加不定式，且用主动形式表被动意义，故填to breathe。句意：我的父母喜欢在早上爬我家后面的山，因为山上的空气利于呼吸。
②(2020·江西南昌二中高二月考)Simon is so unfit—he gets ________ just from walking up the stairs to the second floor.
【答案】breathless
【解析】breathless气喘吁吁的。句意：西蒙身体状态那么差——他爬到二楼就气喘吁吁。
③(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高一月考)Sorry to interrupt, but I was wondering whether the chemical could cause severe ________ problems.
【答案】breathing
【解析】breathing problems呼吸问题。句意：抱歉打断一下，但我想知道这种化学物质是否会导致严重的呼吸问题。
④(2019·全国高二课时练习)As the music began, I ________ a deep ________ and tried to calm down.
【答案】took/made, breath
【解析】take/make a deep breath深呼吸；与“tried”作并列谓语，故用took/made。句意：音乐响起时，我深吸了一口气，努力平静下来。
⑤(2018·湖南高一期末)There is a lot of poisonous gases in the hall. If ________ ________, they can result in illness and even death.
【答案】breathed in
【解析】主句的主语they指代 poisonous gases，和breathe之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，完整的句子为if they are breathed in，省略they are，因此用过去分词；又breath in“吸入”。句意：大厅里有许多有毒气体。如果被呼吸进人体，它们会导致疾病甚至死亡。
⑥(2019·全国高二课时练习) We ________ ________ ________ when Mr. Evans read the exam outcomes.
【答案】held our breath
【解析】hold one’s breath屏住呼吸；结合语境可知，应是一般过去时，且与主语“we”相呼应，“one’s”应是“our”。句意：埃文斯先生宣读考试结果时，我们都屏住了呼吸。
⑦(2020·黑龙江鹤岗一中高二期中)They reached the company ________ of ________  only to be told 
they were fired. 
【答案】out, breath
【解析】out of breath上气不接下气。句意：他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，不料却被告知他们被开除了。
⑧(2019·全国高二课时练习)15．My first sight at the sky through a telescope took my breath ________.
【答案】away
【解析】take one’s breath away使某人惊羡不已。句意：我透过望远镜第一眼看到天空时，惊羡不已。
【完成句子】
①(原创)日复一日地吸入这些有害物质将会影响你的健康。
__________________________, these harmful substances will affect your health.
【答案】When/If breathed in day after day
②(2020·广东执信中学高一期末)累的上气不接下气，我们到达山顶停下来欣赏美丽的风景。
______________________, we reached the top of the mountains and stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.
【答案】Tired and out of breath
重点词汇-7.result
【原句呈现】If breathed in, they can result in illness or even death.
【知识要点】
①result in的同义语：lead to/contribute to/cause
②相关短语：
result from ...由……造成，因……而产生 as a result结果
as a result of ...由于……的结果 without result没有结果，白费(in vain徒劳的)
with the result that ...其结果是……，因此
【单句填空】
填上恰当的词：
①(2019·全国高二课时练习)His laziness resulted ________ his failure; that is to say, his failure resulted ________ his laziness.
【答案】in, from
【解析】result in导致；result from起因于。句意：他的懒惰导致了他的失败;也就是说，他的失败是由于他的懒惰。
②(2021·金昌市第一中学高一期中)As ________ result, he missed the only opportunity to go abroad.
【答案】a
【解析】as a result结果。句意：结果，他错过了出国的唯一机会。
③(2021·河南高一期末)The company suffered a heavy loss as ________ result ________ the mistake.
【答案】a, of
【解析】as a result of ...由于……的结果。句意：由于这次错误，公司遭受了严重的损失。
④(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)I was in the bath, ________ ________ result that I did not hear 
the telephone. 
【答案】with, the
【解析】with the result that ...因此。句意：那时我正在洗澡，因此没有听到电话铃响。
⑤(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)They went over every process again, but ________ result. 
【答案】without
【解析】without result没有结果。句意：他们把每道工序又检查了一遍，却仍没有结果。
【完成句子】
①2020-2021学年人教版新课标高二英语专题练)树被砍掉了，导致了这座城市被沙尘掩埋。
Trees were cut down, ________________________ the city being buried by sand.
【答案】resulting in/which resulted in
②(2020·江苏省如东高级中学高一月考)他承认自己做错了。结果我也原谅了他。
He admitted having done wrong. _____________________________.
He admitted having done wrong, _____________________________.
【答案】As a result, I forgave him I forgave him
With the result that
重点词汇-8.apply
【原句呈现】①Only experience that is in connection with the job being applied for is listed
②In 1998, he applied to be a member of Project 921, which is now called Shenzhu.
【知识要点】
①apply vi.申请 vt. 使用，应用→application n.申请，申请表格，应用→applicant n.申请人
②相关短语：apply…to将……运用到…… apply for申请得到
apply to do sth申请做某事 apply to...for向……申请(得到)
apply oneself to/apply one’s mind to专心/致力于，专心从事
【单句填空】
用该词条恰当的形式填空或填上恰当的词：
①(2020·黑龙江哈师大附中高二月考)________(apply)yourself to the job in hand, you’ll soon finish it.
________(apply)to the job in hand, you’ll soon finish it.
【答案】Applying
Applied
【解析】applying yourself to=applied to句意：专心干手头的工作，你很快就会完成的。
②(2019·全国高二课时练习)He applied ________ the position as a senior administrator of the department, but his ________(apply)was not approved.
【答案】for, application
【解析】apply for申请得到，第一空填for；第二个空处为主语，应用名词形式，application。句意：他申请部门高级管理员职位，但申请未获批准。
③(2020·黑龙江哈九中高三期末)To apply for the post, ________ are supposed to meet the following requirements.
【答案】applicants
【解析】空处作主语，表示“申请人”应用名词applicant，结合后文are可知应用复数。句意：申请该职位，申请人应具备以下条件。
④(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)She said she would apply ________ the department ________ a
computer. 
【答案】to, for
【解析】apply to...for向……申请(得到)。句意：她说她会向系里申请要部电脑。
⑤(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)While you are at work, apply your ________  to your work. 
【答案】mind
【解析】apply one’s mind to专心/致力于，专心从事。句意：在你上班时，要专心于你的工作。
【完成句子】
①(2020·邹平市长山中学高三开学考试)你不应该向公司申请这个职位。
You shouldn’t ______________________________________.
【答案】apply to the company for the position
②(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高一期末)我们老师被鼓励把现代科技应用到课堂教学中去。
We teachers are encouraged ________________________.
【答案】to apply/adapt modern technology to classroom teaching
③(2020·黑龙江牡丹江一中高二月考)如果你不专心致志工作，你总有一天会被甩在后面。
If you don’t __________________, you will be left behind one day.
【答案】apply/devote(yourself) to work/apply your mind to work
重点词汇-9. desire
【原句呈现】He always had a strong desire to learn how to fly.
【知识要点】
①desire n.愿望，欲望，渴望；vt.渴望，期望→desirable adj.欲望的，渴望的，可取的，向往的
②相关短语和句型：
desire sth.=wish for渴望/希望得到某物
desire to do sth.渴望做某事 desire sb. to do sth.渴望/想要某人做某事
have a strong desire to do sth.迫切想要做某事 have a strong desire for sth.急于想得到某物
desire后接that从句时，谓语通常用“should+动词原形”和It is desirable that sb.(should)do sth.
【单句填空】
用所给词的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词：
①(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)It is most ________(desire)that she ________(attend)
the conference. 
【答案】desirable, (should)attend
【解析】most修饰形容词，故填desirable；It is desirable that sb.(should)do sth.的句型。句意：她能出席参加这次会议，是最好不过的了。
②(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)The people trapped in the ruins desire that rescue teams ________
(send)here without delay.
【答案】(should)be sent
【解析】desire后接that从句时，谓语通常用“should+动词原形”。句型：被困在废墟中的人们希望立即派救援队到这里来。
③(2020·江苏扬州中学高二开学考试)—The hillside village remains primitive and unspoiled.
—That explains why people desire to _________(explore)such a remote place.
【答案】explore
【解析】desire to do sth.渴望做某事。句意：“山坡上的这个村庄依然原始而又自然。”“这就解释了为什么人们都想去这么远的地方探索了。”
④(2020年高考一轮复习——周末培优《每日一题》)If you wish your child to have ________ strong desire ________(learn), you must first have him understand that he has the ability to gain a sense of achievement through learning.
【答案】a, to learn
【解析】have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事。句意：如果你希望你的孩子有强烈的学习欲望，你必须要先让他明白他有能力从学习中获得成就感。
⑤(2020·全国高一课时练习)She has a strong desire ________ knowledge and wants to go to college very much.
【答案】for
【解析】have a strong desire for sth.意为对……有强烈的渴望，故填for。句意：她对知识有很强烈的渴望，很想上大学。短语
【完成句子】
①(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)他希望你放学后去接他。
He desired __________________________.
【答案】that you (should)go to pick him up after school
②(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)在我看来，你特别喜欢拍照，总是有为环境做点事情的愿望。
As far as I am concerned, particularly keen on taking photos, you ______________________________
something for the environment.
【答案】are always having the desire to do
重点词汇-10. pay off
【原句呈现】All my years of training as an explorer finally paid off.
【知识要点】
①pay off得到回报，还清(债务)(pay...off)
②相关短语：
pay sb. off (付清工资后)解雇某人 pay back偿还，偿付，报复
pay for付/花/出钱买，赔偿(损失)，为……付出代价
pay some money for sth.付/花/出些钱买某东西
pay attention to(doing)sth.注意(做)某事
pay a visit to sb./sp.探望，参观，拜访某人/某处
【单句填空】
填上恰当的词：
①(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)They kept trying, and their efforts finally paid ________. They got enough money to pay ________ their debt.
【答案】off, back
【解析】pay off得到回报；pay back偿还。句意：他们继续努力，他的努力最终得到回报，他们有足够的钱来偿还债务了。
②(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)I am sorry for breaking your car. I will pay ________ the damage. 
【答案】for
【解析】pay for赔偿(损失)。句意：对不起我撞坏了你的车，我会赔偿损失的。
③(2020·江苏高三)—Dad, I don’t think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.
—I see. I will go right away and pay him ________.
【答案】off
【解析】pay sb. off (付清工资后)解雇某人。句意：“爸爸，我认为奧利弗是不适合这份工作的那种人。”“我知道，我马上付清工资后让他走人。”
④(2021·江苏高二期中)He is always seeking excuses for the debt, but I'd rather he paid it ________ as early as possible.
【答案】off
【解析】pay ... off还清(债务)。句意：他总是在为债务找借口，但我宁愿他尽早还清。
⑤(百度翻译)If they value these data, let them pay ________  them. 
【答案】for
【解析】pay for为……付/花/出钱买。句意：他们要是看重这些数据，就让他们出钱买。
⑥(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)What the teacher said should be paid special attention ________ .
【答案】to
【解析】pay attention to注意……。句意：老师说的话应该要给予特别注意。
⑦(2019·全国高二课时练习)In the summer holiday, we travelled to Qingdao and paid ________  visit to my uncle there.
【答案】a
【解析】pay a visit to sb.拜访某人。句意：暑假里，我们去了青岛，拜访了我的叔叔。
【完成句子】
①(2021·天津高三期末)我保证到下个月底把我欠你的钱都还了。
I promise I ___________________________________ by the end of next month.
【答案】will have paid back all the money I owe you
②(2021·天津高二期末)中国排球队再次获得奥运会冠军，他们的努力得到了回报。
The Chinese volleyball team won Olympic champion again._______________________.
【答案】Their efforts paid off
③(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)在加快工程进度的同时，必须注意质量。
While speeding up work on the project, we _______________________________ its quality. 
【答案】must pay attention to ensuring
④(2019·全国高二课时练习)我花了五千元买的这台电脑是在深圳生产的。
The computer ____________________ 5,000 yuan was made in Shenzhen.
【答案】for which I paid
重点词汇-11. come across
【原句呈现】There, they came across the tomb of King Tutankhamun.
【知识要点】
①come across穿过，越过，偶然遇见/碰到
②相关短语：come about发生，产生 come back回来
come down下来，下落，崩塌 come into being产生，诞生，形成，开始存在
come into use开始(被)使用 come out出版，开花，发芽
come over过来，顺便来访 come to达到，总计，苏醒，谈到
come true变成现实，实现，成为现实
come up提出，想出(加with后面才可以跟宾语)
【单句填空】
填上恰当的词：
①(2021·江西高一月考)Many a quarrel has come ________ through a misunderstanding.
【答案】about
【解析】come about发生，产生。句意：许多争吵是由于误会而产生的。
②(2020·全国高一单元测试)She came ________ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
【答案】across
【解析】come across偶然遇见/碰到。句意：昨天在百货商店购物时，她遇上了她的老朋友。
③(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)When a new system comes into ________, the old one is abolished.
【答案】being
【解析】come into being形成。句意：当一个新制度形成时，旧制度就被废除了。
④(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)To come ________ before Sunday, I have made a few minor
adjustments to the schedule of my trip.
【答案】back
【解析】come back回来。句意：为了在星期天之前赶回来，我对我的旅行计划做了几处调整。
⑤(2020·天津高三月考)Do you feel delighted when it comes ________ learning English songs?
【答案】to
【解析】句型It comes to sth./ doing…当谈到……，当说到……，当提及……。句意：当说到学习英语歌曲时，你会感到高兴吗？
⑥(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高二期中)Have any new novels about solving murder cases come ________
up to the present?
【答案】out
【解析】come out出版。句意：到目前为止，有没有新的破案小说上市？
⑦(2018·天津一中高一期末)The talk failed because no one could come up ________ a solution accepted by both sides.
【答案】with
【解析】come up with提出，想出。句意：会谈失败了，因为没有人能提出接受双方的解决方案。
⑧(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)He was delighted that his wishes had come ________.
【答案】true
【解析】come true成为现实。句意：他很高兴他的愿望真的实现了。
⑨(2018·江苏高三期末)After several days of heavy rain the roof came ________ with a loud noise, crashing onto the ground.
【答案】down
【解析】come down崩塌。句意：连续几天大雨后，随着一声巨响，屋顶塌了下来，坠毁在地上。
⑩(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)That method has only recently come into ________. 
【答案】use
【解析】come into use开始(被)使用。句意：那种方法只是最近才开始使用的。
【完成句子】
①(2019·全国高二课时练习)我相信你想成为科学家的梦想总有一天会实现的。
I am sure your dream of becoming a scientist _____________________________ some day.
【答案】will come true/will be realized
②(2021·上海市金山中学高一期中)不管会遇到什么困难，我们都要一起战胜它们。
_______________________, we’ll work together to overcome them.
【答案】Whatever difficulties we may come across
重点词汇-12.refer to
【原句呈现】Sometimes we use a different suffix, usually—ess, when referring to a woman.
【知识要点】
①refer to涉及，提及，指的是，参考，查阅
②相关短语：
refer to...as...把……当做/看作…… refer…to…把……介绍/引荐给/提交给……
make a reference to提到/提及/谈到/参考 make no reference没有提到/提及/谈到/参考
for… reference供……参考 in/with reference to关于，就……而论
【单句填空】
用所给词的恰当形式填空或填上恰当的词：
①(2021·全国高一课时练习)Here is a notebook for your ________(refer)when you answer the phones.
【答案】reference
【解析】分析句子，该空需要一个名词作介词for的宾语，所给词refer为动词，其派生名词形式reference符合题意。句意：给你一本笔记本，你接听电话时可以参考。
②(2020·江苏海安高级中学高二月考)The way referred to ________(solve)the problem sounds
reasonable.
【答案】to solve/of solving
【解析】分析句子结构可知 referred to是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰the way。the way to do/of doing是固定搭配，意为：做某事的方法，其中 to do是不定式作后置定语修饰the way，doing是动名词作介词of的宾语，构成所属结构，共同修饰he way。故填to solve/of solving。句意：被提及的解决这个问题的方法听起来有道理。
③(2021·江苏省天一中学高一期中)It’s requested that the experiment referred to ________(conduct)in the newly built scientific center.
【答案】(should)be conducted
【解析】referred to 是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰experiment。动词request意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句中要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可以省略。宾语从句主语the experiment与谓语动词conduct为动宾关系，故应用被动语态。故填(should) be conducted。句意：要求提到的实验必须在新建的科学中心进行。
④(2021·全国高二课时练习)Topics which can be discussed freely within a culture are referred to ________“small talk”. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】根据句意可知，此处为固定短语refer to...as...“把……看作……”的被动形式，be referred to as“被看作”。句意：在一种文化中可以自由讨论的话题被称为“闲聊”。
⑤(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)The shopping assistant referred me ________ the sales manager, who listened to my angry arguments but remained unmoved.
【答案】to
【解析】refer…to…把……介绍/引荐给……。句意：那个售货员引荐我去找销售经理，销售经理听取了我充满愤怒的辩辞，但却无动于衷。
⑥(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)________ reference ________ investing in this project, we must hold a general meeting of shareholders.
【答案】In/With, to
【解析】in/with reference to关于，就……而论。句意：关于投资这一工程之事，我们必须召开一次全体股东会议。
⑦(2020·江苏省石庄高级中学高二期中)WHO said it chose a name that doesn’t make ________
________ to a location, animals or a group of people.
【答案】a, reference
【解析】make a reference to提及，参考。句意：世卫组织说他们选择的名字没有提及某个地点、动物或一群人。
【完成句子】
①(2020·深圳市高级中学高一期中)他的自传里没有提到他的第一次婚姻。
His autobiography ____________________________________ his first marriage.
【答案】makes no reference to/doesn’t refer to
②(2021·江苏扬州中学高一开学考试) 这份报告中的有关项目将提交委员会讨论。
The relative items in this report __________________ the committee for discussion.
【答案】will be referred to
③(2020-2021学年高一英语外研版下学期期末专项复习) 考试时不要查笔记或字典。
__________________________ when taking a test.
【答案】Don’t refer to your notes or dictionary
重点词汇-13. in control of
【原句呈现】Yang was described by his superiors as hard­working and always in control of himself.
【知识要点】
①in control of控制……，对比：in the control of在……控制之下，由/被……控制
②相关短语：keep control of控制住 lose control of失去对……的控制
have/bring... under control使……得到控制
take/gain control of得到/取得对……的控制
beyond control无法控制 beyond one’s control超出某人的控制范围
out of control失去控制 under control被控制住，得到控制
under the control of在……控制之下
【单句填空】
填上恰当的词：
①(2020·江苏高三月考)Since COVID-19 has largely been brought ________ control, people in China are returning to their work in an orderly manner.
【答案】under
【解析】bring ... under control使……得到控制。句意：新冠肺炎疫情基本得到了控制，在中国人们正在有序复工。
②(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)The enemy ________ control of the city. In other words, all the city was _________ the control of the enemy.
【答案】took/gained, under
【解析】take/gain control of得到/取得对……的控制；under the control of在……控制之下。句意：敌人控制了这个城市，换句话说，整个城市在敌人的控制之下。
③(2020·天津一中高三月考)The growth of economy is influenced by a number of factors, most of which are ________ our control.
【答案】beyond
【解析】beyond one’s control超出某人的控制范围。句意：经济的增长受到很多因素的影响，它们中大多数都不受我们的掌控。
④(2021·成都七中实验学校高一月考)Concentrating on what we can do instead of what is ________ control can be of great benefit.
【答案】beyond
【解析】beyond control无法控制。句意：专注于我们能做的事，而不是无法控制的事，会有很大的好处。
⑤(2019·全国高二课时练习)He has got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to ________ control of the plan.
【答案】lose
【解析】lose control of失去对……的控制。句意：他已经陷入了一个危险的境地，他有可能失去了对这项计划的控制。
⑥(2020-2021学年外研版高二英语专题练)It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets ________ of control.
【答案】out
【解析】out of control失去控制。句意：在问题失去控制之前解决它是有意义的。
【完成句子】
①(2021年高考英语一轮复习讲练测)他父亲去世后，他掌控着公司。我的意思是说，现在公司由他掌控着。
After his father died, he is ______________ the company. I mean now the company is ___________ him.
【答案】in control of/taking control of, in the control of/being taken control of
②(2020·上海交大附中高一期中)无论是计划课程学习还是选择专业，你都应该掌控自己的生活。
You should _______________________ whether it is planning coursework or picking a major.
【答案】take control of your life/be in control of your life
二、经典句型
1. only+动词不定式句型
【原句呈现】He too visited the tomb, only to catch a high fever the next day.
【知识要点】
“only+不定式(短语)或现在分词(短语)”和“(thus)+现在分词(短语)”：这两个结构在句中都可以用
来表示结果。但有区别：后接现在分词往往表示一种自然而然的合乎逻辑的结果(意料之中的结果)，
而后接不定式往往表示一种出乎意料的或令人失望的结果。
【完成句子】
①(2021·全国高一课时练习)他搬起石头结果砸到了自己的脚。
He lifted a rock only _________________________.
【答案】to drop it on his own feet
②(2020·内蒙古高二期中)记者们到了机场，却被告知那位流行歌星已经走了。
The reporters got to the airport, _____________________ the pop star had gone.
【答案】only to be told
③(2020·江苏省天一中学高二期中)很多自然灾害在这个国家到处发生，给人们的生命和财产带来了严重的损失。
Many natural disasters took place across the country, _____________________ people’s life and property.
【答案】only/(thus)bringing severe losses on
2. not only…but also句型
【原句呈现】They not only studied all the subjects required to be an astronaut but also learnt survival skills and
all about how spaceships and rockets are built.
【知识要点】
not only/not merely… but also(but+主语+also)意为“不仅……而且……”，通常连接两个并列结构，且在连接两个主语时，谓语动词应同相邻的主语在人称和数上保持-致。“Not only +分句，but also +分句”句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。但not only...but also...连接主语时，不倒装。
注意：not only...but also...连接主语时，不倒装：Not only the mother but also the children are sick.
【完成句子】
①(2021·全国高一课时练习)他不仅忘了关厨房的灯,还忘了锁前门。
Not only ____________________, he also forgot to lock the front door.
【答案】did he forget to turn off the lights in the kitchen
②(2021·全国高一课时练习)英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。
The Americans and the British not only speak the same language ____________________.
【答案】but also share a large number of social customs
③(2020·全国高一课时练习)总之，阅读经典文学作品不仅重要而且必要。
In a word , reading classic works of literature is ____________________________ (固定搭配)
【答案】not only/merely important but also necessary.
④(2021·全国高一课时练习)不仅我而且简和玛丽也厌倦了一个接一个的考试。
_______________________________ having one exam after another.
【答案】Not only/merely I but also Jane and Mary are tired of
⑤(2021·全国高一课时练习)她不仅弹奏一手好乐器，而且歌也唱得非常好。
She not only plays well, __________________.
【答案】but she also sings very well
3.强调句
【原句呈现】Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test, it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China’s first astronaut.
【知识要点】
此句中使用了强调句，强调的是his high scores on the psychological tests。对强调句式的判别。强调句被强调的部分一般是主语、表语、宾语、状语等。
强调句的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。
强调句一般疑问句式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？
强调句的特殊疑问句式：疑问代词/疑问副词＋is/was it＋that＋其他部分？
【完成句子】
①(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中高三期末)经过几十年的努力，中国发展到了一个新阶段。
_______________________ China has progressed to a new stage.
【答案】It is through decades of hard work that
②(2021·黑龙江牡丹江市·牡丹江一中高三期末)就在那个他长大的老房子的花园里，他挖出了一罐金子。
_______________________________________ he dug up a pot of gold.
【答案】It was in the garden of his old house where he grew up that
③(2021·浙江高三月考)正是因为失败是成功之母，我们才不应放弃希望。
_________________________________ we should not give up hope
【答案】It is because failure is the mother of success that
④(2020·全国高三专题练习)直到灾难发生，当地政府才意识到大力发展的重要性。
__________________________________ the local government realized the importance of substantial development.
【答案】It was not until the catastrophe/disaster happened that
⑤(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈九中高三月考)正是在今年夏天他去的上海世博园(World Expo Park)遇到了很多外国人吗？
________________________________________________ he met lots of foreigners?
【答案】Was it at the Shanghai World Expo Park where he went this summer that
⑥(2020·全国高三专题练习)“你认为是什么使得全世界关注中国？”“当然是快速而稳定的经济增长。”
—_____________________________ has brought worldwide attention to China?
—Rapid and steady economic growth, of course.
【答案】What do you think it is that
⑦(2020·全国高三专题练习)是他话里的意思而不是他说的话把我惹恼了。
________________________________________annoyed me.
【答案】It was what he meant rather than what he said that
⑧(2020·全国高三专题练习)是谁捉弄了新来的英语教师？
________________ played a trick on the new English teacher?
【答案】Who was it that
⑨(2020·江苏省前黄高级中学高三月考)这一系列交通事故的罪魁祸首不是结冰路面，而是司机吗？
________________________________________ was to blame for the series of traffic accidents?
【答案】Wasn’t it the icy road rather than the drivers that