2021-2022学年陕西省西安市临潼区铁路中学高一（下）第二次月考英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2021-2022学年陕西省西安市临潼区铁路中学高一（下）第二次月考英语试卷（含答案解析），共17页。

2021-2022学年陕西省西安市临潼区铁路中学高一（下）第二次月考英语试卷

A
Dining deals：Palm Beaches Restaurant Week
promises discounted menus
The dining promotion（促销） is organized by Discover The Palm Beaches,the tax-funded nonprofit that serves as the county's tourism marketing arm.It has enlisted（招募）some 70 eateries,which will offer specially discounted menus and other deals from Aug.16 to 31.
At lunch and brunch,the special menus start at ﹩25，plus tax and tip.At dinner,menu prices go from ﹩45 to about ﹩75，plus tax and tip.
One of the menus already listed features a ﹩45 three course dinner special at 3800 Ocean restaurant at the Palm Beach Marriott Singer Island Beach Resort.First course options include lobster bisque and panzanella salad.Main course options include seared salmon in a Dijon gremolata crust,smoked pork medallions with sweet potato and plantain puree and herb-marinated chicken breast with a crab and corn relish.For dessert,there's a choice of banana cheesecake and raspberry panna cotta.
Meantime,at the Agency restaurant in suburban Delray Beach,the three-course menu is ﹩29，plus tax and tip,and includes three appetizer options （such as buffalo-style cauliflower bites），three entree options （including The Agency Burger that's topped with bourbon onions） and three options for dessert （such as churros with dulce deleche）.
For more information on participating restaurants and their special menus,visit ThePalmBeaches.com/restaurantweek.
1. Which of the following statements is true？ ______
A. The first Palm Beaches Restaurant Week lasts for 15 days.
B. The first Palm Beaches Restaurant Week is organized by the tax-funded profit organization.
C. At dinner,the special menus start at﹩ 25，plus tax and tip.
D. To 3800 Ocean restaurant and the Agencyrestaurant,thev both have choices for dessert.
2. If you were a customer who'd like to choose a three-course dinner with cheaper price,which restaurant would you like to go？ ______
A. Boca Raton restaurant. B. Jupiter restaurant.
C. 3800 Ocean restaurant. D. The Agency restaurant.
3. What is the passage about？ ______
A. Advertising for restaurants.
B. Introducing tourists to an eating activity.
C. Attracting tourists to enjoy the discounted menus in the activity.
D. Helping tourists to get information about the activity.
B
Neatly trimmed flowers and green plants can be seen in the seven-story residential buildings of Xingjiaqiao community and the surrounding streets are tidy and clean."We have no public attendants.We take care of our home by ourselves," says Huang Yantao,a resident of Xingjiaqiao community in the Liangjiang New Area,astate-level economic development zone in Southwest China's Chongqing municipality.
However,things were wholly different before the renovation（翻新） of the community.Bare wires crawled up walls or hung across streets.The walls of stairways were shabby and worn.Inside,conditions were unlivable,as domestic sewage escaped from aged pipes in both kitchens and bathrooms."I had to hold up an umbrella in the bathroom," says Huang.
Xie Lan,head of the community workers and a resident of Xingjiaqiao,knew she had to help change the situation.In 2017，the local government provided financial support to the renovation of the community.But Xie' s excitement was quickly by unexpected objections.Only 23 percent of residents agreed to the renovation plan.Many residents questioned the point of renovating such an old community.
Despite various barriers,Xie was not defeated.She and her colleagues visited residents,home by home,finally managing to persuade all households to accept the renovation plan and win the trust and admiration of her fellow residents through the down-to-earth working style.In early 2020，residents of Xingjiaqiao moved into their newly renovated apartments.
When the COVID-19 pandemic struck China and the world,Xingjiaqiao's community workers faced immediate challenges including screening for possible infections and locking down the entire community.Xie Lan posted a volunteer recruitment announcement in a WeChat group,unsure whether or not residents would come forward to help.Despite her worries,the group chat was flooded with responses. "I'm ready and will go all out," one message read.Though COVID-19 is largely under control in China,the volunteer team continues to serve the community.Even some are dedicated to
accompanying seniors and helping them deal with loneliness.
4. What's the author's purpose by writing Paragraph 2？ ______
A. To introduce the community's history.
B. To compare the present with the past.
C. To show poor housing conditions.
D. To draw people's wide attention.
5. What does the underlined word "dampened" in Paragraph 3 mean？ ______
A. Weakened. B. Washed. C. Wetted. D. Aroused.
6. Which of the following best describes Xie Lan？ ______
A. Stubborn and devoted. B. Smart and cautious.
C. Determined and reliable. D. Energetic and brave.
7. What can we infer about today's Xingjiaqiao community？ ______
A. It's traditional and classic. B. It's beautiful and harmonious.
C. It's new and developing. D. It's modern and convenient.
C
    Scientists who study glacier (冰川) ice have found viruses nearly 15,000 years old in two ice samples taken from the Tibetan Plateau in China. Most of those viruses, which survived because they had remained frozen, are unlike any viruses that have been listed to date.
    The findings published recently could help scientists understand how viruses have developed over centuries. For this study, the scientists also created a new, ultra-clean method of analyzing microbes and viruses in ice without polluting it.
    The researchers analyzed ice cores taken in 2015 from the Guliya ice cap in western China. The cores are collected at high altitudes—the peak of Guliya, where this ice originated, is 22,000 feet above sea level. The ice cores contain layers of ice that accumulate year after year, trapping whatever was in the atmosphere around them at the time each layer froze. Those layers create a timeline of sorts, which scientists have used to understand more about climate change, microbes, viruses and gases throughout history.
    Researchers determined that the ice was nearly 15,000 years old using a combination of traditional and new, novel techniques to date this ice core. When they analyzed the ice, they found genetic codes for 33 viruses. Four of those viruses have already been identified by the scientific community. But at least 28 of them are novel. About half of them seemed to have survived at the time they were frozen not in spite of the ice, but because of it.
    "These viruses have signatures of genes that help them infect cells in cold environments—just surreal genetic signatures for how a virus is able to survive in extreme conditions. These are not easy signatures to pull out, and the method that Zhi-Ping developed to remove harmful substances from the cores and to study microbes and viruses in ice could help us search for these genetic order in other extreme icy environments—Mars, for example, the moon, or closer to home in Earth's Atacama Desert." said Matthew Sullivan, co-author of the study.
8. What is special about this study?
A. Scientists have found the oldest viruses.
B. The ice cores are from high altitudes on earth.
C. The viruses are not polluted in the analysis.
D. A new way of analyzing the results is adopted.
9. How do the scientists learn about the viruses in the history?
A. By watching the process of ice accumulation.
B. By studying the layer of the ice samples.
C. By collecting whatever was in the atmosphere.
D. By creating a timeline of climate change.
10. What is the significance of the study?
A. It tells the cause of climate changes.
B. It warns people of the old viruses.
C. It proves a way to remove viruses.
D. It benefits virus study on the moon.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. Newly-found old viruses in the glacier.
B. Genetic codes of old viruses in the glacier.
C. Novel techniques to date old viruses.
D. Study of old viruses on the Mars.
D
Reading skills have actually improved in the pandemic,with children reportedly picking up more challenging books and getting lost in fiction to fight with lockdown,a study from the UK has shown.
With schools often closed,many more pupils began to enjoy reading again—with 56 percent of young people saying they enjoyed reading either very much （24 percent）or quite a lot （32 percent）.
During the first British lockdown,Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban by J.K.Rowling was ranked favourite book by high school and primary school pupils.
A major study analyzed the reading habits of more than 1.1 million pupils across the UK and the Republic of Ireland,including 46，722 Scottish youngsters.The study showed reading skills have improved over lockdown periods,with many children picking up longer books of greater difficulty.
The National Literacy Trust's Annual Literacy Survey of 4，141 pupils across the UK found reading for pleasure dropped at the beginning of 2020，and recorded its lowest level of self-reported reading enjoyment since 2005 （48 percent of children）.
But changed greatly with three in five children saying reading made them feel better during the lockdown.More than a third also said reading helped them when they felt sad because they could not see friends or family.Primary school children,in particular,improved on their reading levels by focusing on more difficult texts.
Professor Topping,from the University of Dundee's School of Education and Social Work,said, "During the lockdown,pupils were tending to read longer books of greater difficulty."
Learning director John Moore said, "Lockdown has been difficult for many children,especially when schools were closed and they could not access school libraries or see their friends.Knowing that reading really helped younger children to feel better throughout the pandemic is very encouraging."
"It's promising to see that when pupils had a choice of books to hand,many chose a more challenging book,and one that perhaps allows us to escape from reality." John added.
12. What do we know about Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban？ ______
A. It was first published during the first British lockdown.
B. It was written to fight with lockdown.
C. Both high school and primary school pupils liked it best.
D. J.K.Rowling wrote it for primary school pupils.
13. Why have the children's reading skills improved during the lockdown？ ______
A. Because schools were closed and they could not see their friends.
B. Because they could be more focused at home.
C. Because they could not access school libraries.
D. Because many children reading longer,more difficult books
14. How does the author introduce the problem of the students？ ______
A. By presenting some statistics. B. By making classifications.
C. By making a comparison. D. By setting up general rules.
15. In which section of a newspaper may the text appear？ ______
A. Education. B. Science. C. Health. D. Entertainment.
It's reported that only about 9% of plastic waste in the world is recycled and that millions and millions of tons of plastic waste ends up in landfills（垃圾填埋场） and ocean environments such as rivers and oceans.Can we do anything about all this？ (1)
Make a list of the plastics in your home.
Before you can cut back on plastic,it helps to understand how much you're using.Do it now.Take out a pen and make a list of various kinds of plastics in your apartment：chip bags,condiment bottles（调料瓶），etc. (2) Check out your local recycling program,and see which of those plastics can actually be recycled.
(3)
Look at the items on your plastic list and ask yourself, "What can I replace the plastic with？" You can start with carrying reusable water bottle and chopsticks to the office instead of using one-off ones.And Every time you go to the local store,bring your own containers to avoid using the plastic bags provided.
Make some "noise"
A lot of plastic packaging that's created and used today can't be recycled.If you bring home a product you like but its package isn't recyclable, (4) Use the comment section on a company's website or its social media accounts.Tell them "I like your product,but I'm worried about this package.Is it recyclable？"Ask them.Wait for an answer.
Don't be too hard on yourself.
Personally,you are not going to solve the plastic waste problem,but you're not alone in wanting to do so.A lot of people are also making decisions based on their concerns.If you join them in adopting some of the small changes we've discussed here,it could add up to something meaningful. (5)

A.tell companies how you feel.
B.So just do the best that you can.
C.Look for sustainable "swaps".
D.Replace old items with new ones.
E.Many people come up with a lot of solutions.
F.Once you have your list,do a little more homework.
G.The following is something we can do to be part of the solution.
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
On the side of love
I woke up at midnight and was unable to get back to sleep.Then I(21)the living room to watch a little television.The news on TV didn't(22)me at all.So I(23)a book and tried to read but could feel my eyelids getting heavier and heavier.A short(24) would be just what I needed
After a while I(25) something awaking me from my sleep.It was warm(26)hitting me right in the face.I slowly(27)my eyes and saw a long,sweet looking(28)covered in white and gold fur.Its pink nose was breathing on me and its big,brown eyes were looking at me with(29).I smiled and said,"Hello Fluffy".(30)my face was covered in dog (31)while his curled tail wagged joyfully.I(32)his neck,petted his head,scratched his belly,and laughed as he continued to(33)me with his love.I thought to myself： "If only we humans could love each other as purely and unconditionally as our(34) love us,what a(35)world this would be."
Dogs are our best friends and greatest(36)of love.We should not(37)the lessons they teach.We should live our lives on the side of love.We should spend our days creating(38)and making this world a (39)place.We should see everyone(40) how they look or what they believe as our brothers and sisters.We should love ourselves and everyone else.
21.  A. went into B. looked through C. left out D. turned to
22.  A. touch B. interest C. bother D. surprise
23.  A. looked for B. put down C. brought in D. picked up
24.  A. pause B. story C. sleep D. rest
25.  A. felt B. noticed C. heard D. prevented
26.  A. wind B. breath C. sunshine D. rain
27.  A. shut B. raised C. opened D. cleaned
28.  A. nose B. guy C. picture D. face
29.  A. pity B. fear C. curiosity D. love
30.  A. Suddenly B. Gradually C. Occasionally D. Actually
31.  A. food B. hair C. kisses D. scratches
32.  A. pushed B. hugged C. controlled D. tied
33.  A. shower B. provide C. impress D. greet
34.  A. dogs B. friends C. parents D. kids
35.  A. small B. wonderful C. incredible D. crazy
36.  A. victims B. teachers C. beginners D. pursuers
37.  A. take B. admire C. ignore D. learn
38.  A. changes B. chances C. wealth D. happiness
39.  A. richer B. larger C. better D. stronger
40.  A. apart from B. as for C. according to D. no matter
41. An old Chinese man's traditional carpentry（木工手艺） skills are delighting millions of viewers on the Internet as he creates delicate (1) （ toy） for his grandson out of nothing more than a single piece of wood.
Wang Dewen, (2) （know） as Grandpa Amu on the Internet,has been considered as a modern-day Lu Ban—the famous woodworker credited in China with the invention of the saw and other tools, (3) today is regarded as the god of builders.
Wang's most popular works include (4) apple-shaped interlocking（连锁） puzzle.His young grandson's favourite is a walking Peppa Pig.
His extraordinary woodworking skills developed as a means of supporting his family in the remote countryside.Wang's first piece was a (5) （cook） pot cover he made for his mother soon after his father died.
Two years ago,Wang (6) （decide） to live with his children.It was a (7) （nature） step to turn his skills into a chance to make toys for his grandson, (8) it was not long before his son decided to video Wang's efforts.
"We came up (9) the idea of making the videos because we wanted to bring our rural culture to others and let people (10) （ learn） about these ancient Chinese techniques." said his son.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
On June 7，my cousin takes the college entrance examination.The whole family were anxious and pretended to be calm.As soon as the important examination came to end,my cousin took part in a big party with his classmates.It seemed that a big burden was removed.Then was followed a long wait for the results.At the night of the announcement of the results,nobody seemed to be restless.Checked the score online,he held his breath and closed his eyes for several second.To his relief,he did good in the exam.Happy,he has been admitted to a famous university.
43. 你校英语俱乐部征稿，主题：如何度过假期。请你写一篇题为How to Have an Efficient and Meaningful Vacation的文章投稿。内容包括：
1.你的做法；
2.你的建议。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.标题已给出。
How to Have an Efficient and Meaningful Vacation__________________
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、D、C
【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第三段中的For dessert,there's a choice of banana cheesecake and raspberry panna cotta.（甜点有香蕉芝士蛋糕和覆盆子意式奶冻可供选择。）以及第四段中的and three options for dessert （such as churros with dulce deleche）（还有三种甜点可供选择（如加了杜尔斯德莱什的 churros））可知者两个餐馆都提供了超过一种以上可选择的甜点，故选D。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段中的One of the menus already listed features a ＄45 three course dinner special at 3800 Ocean restaurant at the Palm Beach Marriott Singer Island Beach Resort. （已经列出的菜单之一是在棕榈滩辛格岛万豪度假酒店3800海洋餐厅提供的一份45美元的三道菜晚餐特价）；以及第四段中的Meantime,at the Agency restaurant in suburban Delray Beach,the three-course menu is ＄29，plus tax and tip。（与此同时，在德雷海滩郊区的代理餐厅，三道菜的菜单是29美元，外加税和小费）可知两家的three-course的价格相比较，还是the Agency restaurant要便宜些，故选D。
（3）C.主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了在棕榈滩餐馆活动周内承诺的折扣菜单，从而来吸引游客，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了棕榈滩餐厅活动周所承诺的折扣菜单。
做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

4~7.【答案】B、A、C、B
【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段中的Neatly trimmed flowers and green plants can be seen in the seven-story residential build ings of Xingjiaqiao community and the surrounding streets are tidy and clean.（邢家桥小区的七层住宅楼，修剪整齐的鲜花和绿色植物随处可见，周边街道整洁干净）以及第二段中的However,things were wholly different before the renovation（翻新）of the community.Bare wires crawled up walls or hung across streets.The walls of stairways were shabby and worn.Inside,co nditions were unlivable,as domestic sewage escaped from aged pipes in both kitchens and bathrooms.（然而，在社区改造之前，情况完全不同。裸线爬上墙壁或挂在街道上。楼梯的墙壁破旧不堪。室内条件恶劣，厨房和浴室的陈旧管道中都流出了生活污水。）描述了小区翻新前的情况。可推断作者写第二段的目的是对翻新前后的小区作比较，故选B。
（2）A.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子But Xie's excitement was quickly         by unexpected objections.Only 23 percento fresidents agreed to the renovation plan.Many residents questioned the point of renovating such an old community.（但谢的兴奋很快被意料之外的反对意见所打消。只有23%的居民同意改造计划。许多居民质疑修复这样一个老社区的意义。）可推断dampened是"抑制，削弱"的意思，A.Weakened削弱；B.Washed洗；C.Wetted弄湿；D.Aroused引起。故选A。
（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段中的Despite various barriers,Xie was not defeated.She and her colleagues visited residents,home by home,finally managing to persuade all households to accept the renovation plan and win the trust and admiration of her fellow residents through the down-to-earth working style.（尽管有各种障碍，谢兰并没有被击败。她和同事们挨家挨户走访了居民，最终说服了所有家庭接受改造计划，并通过脚踏实地的工作作风赢得了其他居民的信任和钦佩。）可推知谢兰是一个坚定实干值得信赖的人，A.Stubborn and devoted固执的和忠诚的；B.Smart and cautious聪明的和谨慎的；C.Determined and reliable有决心的和可依赖的；D.Energetic and brave精力充沛的和勇敢的。故选C。
（4）B.推理判断题。纵观全文可知，在邢家桥社区的七层住宅楼里，可以看到修剪整齐的鲜花和绿色植物，周围的街道整齐干净，这一切都没有公共服务人员而是社区的居民自发建设的，并且当新冠肺炎袭击中国和世界时，邢家桥社区工作者虽面临紧迫的挑战，但在谢兰及社区工作者的努力下，社区问题得到了解决，并且现在志愿者团队仍在继续为社区服务，可推断今天的邢家桥社区既美丽又和谐，故选B。
本题是一篇说明文，重庆市国家级经济开发区两江新区的邢家桥社区曾经破败不堪，在社区工作者负责人谢兰坚持不懈的努力下，居民接受了当地政府为社区制订的改造计划。如今的邢家桥社区干净整洁，美丽和谐。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

8~11.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了科学家们用一种新的研究方法在西藏冰川中发现了15000年前的病毒，且大多数病毒以前不为人类所知。
1. 根据第二段中的For this study, the scientists also created a new, ultra-clean method of analyzing microbes and viruses in ice without polluting it.可知，病毒在分析中没有被污染。故选C。

2. 根据第三段中的Those layers create a timeline of sorts, which scientists have used to understand more about climate change, microbes, viruses and gases throughout history.（这些冰层创造了一系列的时间线，科学家们利用这些时间线在历史上对气候变化、微生物、病毒和气体有了更多的了解。）可知科学家们通过研究冰川沉积层来了解病毒的演变历史，故选B。

3. 根据最后一段中的and the method that Zhi-Ping...closer to home in Earth's Atacama Desert.可知，Zhi-Ping开发出的从冰芯中去除有害物质并研究冰中微生物和病毒的方法，可以帮助我们在其他极端的冰环境中寻找这些基因序列——例如火星、月球，或者地球上阿塔卡马沙漠中离家较近的地方。由此可知此项研究用到的方法有助于寻找极寒地区中这些病毒的基因序列，火星，月球都属于极寒地区之一，故选D。

4. 通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的Most of those viruses, which survived because they had remained frozen, are unlike any viruses that have been listed to date.（这些病毒中的大多数都是由于冷冻而存活下来的，它们与迄今为止所列的任何病毒都不同。）可知本文介绍了在冰川中发现了一些不为人知的古老病毒，故选A。

12~15.【答案】C、D、A、A
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第三段During the first British lockdown,Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban by J.K.Rowling was ranked favourite book by high school and primary school pupils.（在第一次英国封锁期间，J.K.罗琳的《哈利•波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒》被高中生和小学生评为最受欢迎的书。）可知，在第一次英国封闭管理期间，J.K.罗琳的《哈利波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒》被高中生和小学生评为最受欢迎的书。故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第四段The study showed reading skills have improved over lockdown periods,with many children picking up longer books of greater difficulty（研究表明，在禁闭期，阅读技能有所提高，许多孩子捡起了难度更大的较长书籍。）可知，研究表明，在封闭管理期间，许多孩子去读篇幅更长、难度更大的书，所以阅读技能有所提高。故选D。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据第四段A major study analyzed the reading habits of more than 1.1 million pupils across the UK and the Republic of Ireland,including 46，722 Scottish youngsters（一项主要研究分析了英国和爱尔兰共和国110多万名学生的阅读习惯，其中包括46722名苏格兰青少年。）可知作者通过展示一些统计数据表明英国中小学生在疫情封闭管理期间倾向于去读篇幅更长、难度更大的书，使得他们的阅读技能得到大幅提升。故选A。
（4）A.文章出处题。根据文章大意可知，此调查报告主要讲述了英国中小学生在疫情封闭管理期间倾向于去读篇幅更长，难度更大的书，使得他们的阅读技能得到大幅提升。由此可知，文章应该出现在教育版块，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个调查报告，该报告显示：英国中小学生在疫情封闭管理期间倾向于去读篇幅更长、难度更大的书，使得他们的阅读技能得到大幅提升。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16~20.【答案】G、F、D、A、B
【解析】（1）G.推理判断题。根据下一句Can we do anything about all this？（我们能做些什么吗？）可知此处说的是我们能做些事情来减少塑料的污染。所以G.The following is something we can do to be part of the solution.（以下是我们可以做的事情，以成为解决方案的一部分。）符合语境。故选G。
（2）F.推理判断题。根据本段标题Make a list of the plastics in your home.（列出你家里的塑料清单。）可知此处说的是列出你家里的塑料清单。所以F.Once you have your list,do a little more homework.（一旦你有了清单，再做一点家庭作业。）符合语境。故选F。
（3）D.标题归纳题。根据下一句Look at the items on your plastic list and ask yourself, "What can I replace the plastic with？" （看看你的塑料清单上的项目，问问自己："我可以用什么来代替塑料？"）可知此处说的是替换家里的塑料物品。所以D.Replace old items with new ones.（用新项目替换旧项目。）符合语境。故选D。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据下一句Use the comment section on a company's website or its social media accounts.Tell them "I like your product,but I'm worried about this package.Is it recyclable？"Ask them.Wait for an answer.（使用公司网站或其社交媒体账户上的评论部分。告诉他们"我喜欢你的产品，但我担心这个包装。它可以回收吗？"询问他们。）可知此处说的是说出自己的感受。所以A.tell companies how you feel.（告诉公司你的感受。）符合语境。故选A。
（5）B.推理判断题。根据本段标题Don't be too hard on yourself.（不要对自己太苛刻。）可知此处说的是不要对自己太苛刻。所以B.So just do the best that you can.（所以尽你所能吧。）符合语境。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了减少塑料污染的方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~40.【答案】A、B、D、C、A、B、C、D、D、A、C、B、A、A、B、B、C、D、C、D
【解析】（1）A.考查动词短语与语境理解。A.went into进入；B.looked through浏览；C.left out 遗漏；D.turned to求助于。句意：然后我来到客厅看了一会儿电视。根据本句中to watch a little television.可知，是进入客厅看电视。故选A。
（2）B.考查动词与语境理解。A.touch触摸；B.interest使感兴趣；C.bother打扰；D.surprise 使（某人）吃惊。句意：电视上的新闻一点都没有吸引到我。根据下文So I（3）____a book and tried to read but could feel my eyelids getting heavier and heavier.可知，作者对电视上的新闻没有任何兴趣。故选B。
（3）D.考查动词短语与语境理解。A.looked for寻找；B.put down放下；C.brought in带来；D.picked up捡起。句意：所以我拿起一本书，试着阅读，但感觉我的眼皮越来越重。根据句意可知，作者对新闻不感兴趣，所以拿起一本书去阅读。故选D。
（4）C.考查名词与语境理解。A.pause暂停；B.story故事；C.sleep睡觉；D.rest休息。句意：短暂的睡眠正是我所需要的。根据本文第一句I woke up at midnight and was unable to get back to sleep.以及下文something awaking me from my sleep.可知，此处指作者需要睡觉。故选C。
（5）A.考查动词与语境理解。A.felt感觉；B.noticed注意到；C.heard听到；D.prevented预防。句意：过了一会儿，我感觉有什么东西把我从睡梦中唤醒。根据下文It was warm（6）____ hitting me right in the face.可知，作者感觉有什么东西把她从睡梦中唤醒。故选A。
（6）B.考查名词与语境理解。A.wind风；B.breath呼吸；C.sunshine阳光；D.rain雨。句意：温暖的气息扑面而来。根据下文内容Its pink nose was breathing on me可知，是狗的气息打在作者的脸上。故选B。
（7）C.考查动词与语境理解。A.shut 关闭；B.raised举起；C.opened打开；D.cleaned打扫。句意：我慢慢地睁开眼睛，看见了一张又长又可爱的脸，上面覆盖着白色和金色的毛。结合上文something awaking me from my sleep.以及本句中的saw可知，此处指作者缓慢地睁开了眼睛。故选C。
（8）D.考查名词与语境理解。A.nose鼻子；B.guy家伙；C.picture图画；D.face脸。句意：我慢慢地睁开眼睛，看见了一张又长又可爱的脸，上面覆盖着白色和金色的毛。结合下文its pink nose以及its big,brown eyes 可知，此处指作者看到狗的脸。故选D。
（9）D.考查名词与语境理解。A.pity遗憾；B.fear害怕；C.curiosity好奇；D.love爱。句意：它粉红色的鼻子对着我呼吸，棕色的大眼睛充满爱意地看着我。结合下文he continued to（13）_____ me with his love.可知，狗是带着爱意看着作者的。故选D。
（10）A.考查副词与语境理解。A.Suddenly突然；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Occasionally偶尔；D.Actually事实上。句意：突然，我的脸上满是狗狗的亲吻，它卷曲的尾巴高兴地摇摆着。结合情境可知，狗是在作者打完招呼后突然亲吻作者的。故选A。
（11）C.考查名词与语境理解。A.food食物；B.hair 头发；C.kisses吻；D.scratches抓，挠。句意：突然，我的脸上满是狗狗的亲吻，它卷曲的尾巴高兴地摇摆着。结合情境可知，此处指狗亲吻作者来表达爱意。故选C。
（12）B.考查动词与语境理解。A.pushed推；B.hugged拥抱；C.controlled控制；D.tied系，扎。句意：我拥抱他的脖子，抚摸他的头，挠他的肚子，当他继续用他的爱沐浴着我时，我笑了。结合下文的petted his head,scratched his belly可知，此处是作者拥抱狗的脖子来表达对狗的喜爱。故选B。
（13）A.考查动词与语境理解。A.shower淋浴；B.provide提供；C.impress使钦佩，使留下深刻印象；D.greet打招呼。句意：我拥抱他的脖子，抚摸他的头，挠他的肚子，当他继续用他的爱沐浴着我时，我笑了。结合语境可知，狗给了作者满满的爱。shower...with可表示"大量给予"。故选A。
（14）A.考查名词与语境理解。A.dogs狗；B.friends朋友；C.parents父母；D.kids孩子。句意：要是我们人类也能像狗狗爱我们那样纯洁、无条件地爱对方，世界该有多美好啊!根据上文内容以及下文Dogs are our best friends and greatest（16）_____ of love.可知，狗狗是无条件的爱人类的。故选A。
（15）B.考查形容词与语境理解。A.small 小的；B.wonderful美妙的；C.incredible难以置信的；D.crazy疯狂的。句意：要是我们人类也能像狗狗爱我们那样纯洁、无条件地爱对方，世界该有多美好啊!结合句意可知，充满爱的世界会很美好。故选B。
（16）B.考查名词与语境理解。A.victims 受害者，牺牲者；B.teachers老师；C.beginners 初学者；D.pursuers 追求者。结合下文We should not ignore the lessons they teach.可知，此处指狗是最伟大的老师。故选B。
（17）C.考查动词与语境理解。A.take 携带，拿走；B.admire 钦佩，仰慕；C.ignore忽视，对……不予理会；D.learn学习，学会。句意：我们不应该忽视他们教给我们的经验。根据空前的should not以及空后the lessons they teach.可知，本句指不应该忽视狗所教给我们的经验。故选C。
（18）D.考查名词与语境理解。A.changes变化；B.chances机会；C.wealth财富；D.happiness幸福。句意：我们应该花时间去创造幸福，让这个世界变得更美好。我们应该把每个人都当成我们的兄弟姐妹，不管他们长得怎样，信仰如何。我们应该爱自己，爱别人。根据文中的关键词love可知，要用爱去创造幸福。故选D。
（19）C.考查形容词比较级与语境理解。A.richer更富有的；B.larger更大的；C.better 更好的；D.stronger更强壮的。句意：我们应该花时间去创造幸福，让这个世界变得更美好。我们应该把每个人都当成我们的兄弟姐妹，不管他们长得怎样，信仰如何。我们应该爱自己，爱别人。根据句意可知，我们应该花时间去创造幸福，让这个世界变得更美好。故选C。
（20）D.考查固定短语与语境理解。A.apart from 远离，除……之外；B.as for 关于，至于；C.according to据……所说，根据……；D.no matter不论怎样。句意：我们应该花时间去创造幸福，让这个世界变得更美好。我们应该把每个人都当成我们的兄弟姐妹，不管他们长得怎样，信仰如何。我们应该爱自己，爱别人。根据句意可知，我们应该不管别人的长相与信仰，去爱他人。故选D。
本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了狗对作者的爱，并告诉我们要带着爱活着，爱自己，也要爱他人。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

41.【答案】【小题1】toys
【小题2】known
【小题3】who
【小题4】an
【小题5】cooking
【小题6】decided
【小题7】natural
【小题8】and
【小题9】with
【小题10】learn
【解析】（1）toys.考查可数名词的复数形式。句意：一位中国老人用一块木头为孙子制作精致的玩具，他的传统木工技艺在互联网上为数百万观众带来了快乐。Toy为可数名词，所以此处需考虑其复数形式。故填toys。
（2）known.考查过去分词。句意：王德文在网络上被称为阿木爷爷，他被认为是现代的鲁班。分析句子成分可知，此处是非谓语作状语，known as为固定搭配，意为"以……而著称"。故填known。
（3）who.考查定语从句。句意：王德文在网络上被称为阿木爷爷，他被认为是现代的鲁班--中国著名的木匠，被认为是发明了锯子和其他工具，今天他仍被视为建筑者之神。分析句子可知，此句是定语从句。先行词为Lu Ban,且从句缺少主语，故填who。
（4）an.考查冠词。句意：王最受欢迎的作品包括一个苹果形状的连锁拼图。此处指"个苹果形状的连锁拼图"，apple又是原因读音开头，故填an。
（5）cooking.考查定语。句意：王的第一件作品是父亲去世后不久为母亲制作的锅盖。此处缺少定语修饰pot cover,故填cooking。
（6）decided.考查一般过去时。句意：两年前，王决定和孩子们住在一起。分析句子成分可知，此空在句中作谓语成分，再结合时间词Two years ago可知，用一般过去时。故填decided。
（7）natural.考查形容词作定语。句意：很自然地，他把自己的技能变成了给孙子做玩具的机会，没过多久，他的儿子就决定把他的努力拍下来。分析句子成分可知，step前缺少定语成分，所以用形容词作定语。故填natural。
（8）and.考查连词。句意：很自然地，他把自己的技能变成了给孙子做玩具的机会，没过多久，他的儿子就决定把他的努力拍下来。分析句子可知，空格前后都为完整的句子，不缺任何成分，所以用and连接，表递进。故填and。
（9）with.考查介词。句意：他的儿子说："我们想到制作这些视频，是因为我们想把我们的农村文化带给其他人，让人们了解这些古老的中国技术。"come up with是固定短语，意为"提出，想出"，故填with。
（10）learn.考查动词不定式。句意：他的儿子说："我们想到制作这些视频，是因为我们想把我们的农村文化带给其他人，让人们了解这些古老的中国技术。"由let sb.do sth.结构可知，此处填省to的不定式结构，故填learn。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位拥有超高木工手艺的中国老人，他的传统木工技艺在互联网上为数百万观众带来了快乐。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

42.【答案】On June 7，my cousin         the college entrance examination.The whole family were anxious         pretended  to be calm.As soon as the important examination came to ∧end,my cousin took part in a big party with his classmates.It seemed that a big burden was removed.Then was followed a long wait for the results.        the night of the announcement of  the results,        seemed to be restless.        the score online,he held his breath and closed his eyes for several        .To his relief,he did         in the exam.       ，he has been admitted to a famous university.
详解：
1.takes改为took.考查动词时态。句意：6月7日，我表弟参加高考。结合上下文可知，文章是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故takes改为took。
2.and改为but.考查连词。句意：全家都很焦虑，但都假装很平静。根据句意可知，这里应用but表转折含义。故and改为but。
3.end前加an.考查冠词。句意：重要的考试一结束，表弟就和同学们一起参加了一个盛大的聚会。come to an end"结束"，固定短语。故end前加an。
4.删除was.考查语态。句意：然后是漫长的等待结果。follow在这里表示"在…后发生"，是不及物动词，没有被动语态。故删除was。
5.At改为On.考查介词。句意：在公布结果的当晚，每个人都感到不安。具体到某一天的晚上应用介词on。故At改为On。
6.nobody改为everybody.考查代词。句意：在公布结果的当晚，每个人都感到不安。根据句意可知，此处是指"每个人"，故应用everybody,nobody"没有人"不符合语境。故nobody改为everybody。
7.Checked改为Checking.考查现在分词。句意：在网上查看分数时，他屏住呼吸，甚至闭上了眼睛几秒钟。分析可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，且check与且逻辑主语he为主谓关系，故应用现在分词做状语。故Checked改为Checking。
8.second改为seconds.考查可数名词复数。句意：在网上查看分数时，他屏住呼吸，甚至闭上了眼睛几秒钟。分析可知，second在这里意为"秒"是可数名词，结合前文修饰词several可知，此处应用其复数形式。故second改为seconds。
9.good改为well.考查副词。句意：令他宽慰的是，他考试考得很好。修饰动词did应用副词作状语。故good改为well。
10.Happy改为Happily.考查副词。句意：很高兴，他被一所著名的大学录取了。分析可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故Happy改为Happily。
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的表弟高考期间家人及表弟的一系列行为及心理活动。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。

43.【答案】How to Have an Efficient and Meaningful Vacation
With the winter vacation approaching,I plan to have an efficient and meaningful vacation.Here are some details as follows：（话题）
First and foremost,I will do sports such as playing table tennis,which is good for my health. 【高分句型一】In addition,it is essential for me to read four great books to improve myself.After that,I' ll enjoy an interesting sight for two weeks. （你的做法）Last but not least,I suggest you participate in some social practice including being a volunteer to help old people in an old people's home in my city,do some cooking,washing and so on.（你的建议）
 I believe that I' ll have a fantastic time during the vacation.【高分句型二】（总结）
【解析】高分句型一：First and foremost,I will do sports such as playing table tennis,which is good for my health.
译文：首先，我会做一些运动，比如打乒乓球，这对我的健康有好处。
分析：这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：I believe that I' ll have a fantastic time during the vacation.
译文：我相信假期里我会过得很愉快。
分析：这句话使用了that引导的宾语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。