专题03 句型（知识梳理+专题过关）-2023-2024学年九年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲（人教版）

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专题03 句型（1-7单元）
【知识梳理】
Unit 1
1. “by+doing形式”表示方式、方法
语法结构
by+doing形式，“通过做...的方式”
I learn Chinese by listening to tapes。
提问方式
by+doing结构常用来回答How do you...？
或How can I...?这类句型
-How can I turn on the light?
-By turning this button.
拓展：介词by的其他用法：
1）by+交通工具，“乘/坐...” by bus
2）by+地点，“在...的旁边；靠近...” by the lake
3）by+时间，“截止到...；不迟于...” by ten
4）辨析by、with、in，“用”
by
侧重“用”某种手段、交通工具、传递方式或媒介等
with
侧重“用”有形工具、材料、内容等
in
侧重“用”语言、语调、笔墨、颜色等
2. conversion，“交谈；谈话”。与动词have/hold连用时，须加不定冠词，但与动词make连用时，不加不定冠词。常用短语有：
have/hold a conversion with...“与...交谈/谈话”；
make conversion“闲谈；搭讪” be in a conversion with...“与...在谈话”
3. 辨析
aloud
adv，“大声地；出声地”，多指使别人听到的意味，常与read连用。
loud
adj、adv。作adv时，“高声地；响亮地；大声地”，常放于speak、talk、laugh、sing之后，多用比较级。
loudly
“高声地”，有时与loud通用。但含有“喧闹”的意味。在用与比较级或最高级时，通常用loud而不用loudly。
4. It’s too hard to understand spoken English.
1）It+be+adj+for/of sb+ to do sth.
Eg. It’s dangerous for children to play with fire.
2）too...to...“太...而不能...”. Eg. He is too young to join the party.
注意：not...enough to.../ so...that...
5. finish“完成”，后加名词、代词、动名词。
Eg. I finished doing my homework half an hour ago.
拓展：后加动名词的动词及短语：
enjoy/practice/finish/mind doing sth keep (on) doing sth
be busy (in) doing sth have fun doing sth feel like doing sth
look forward to doing sth can’t help doing sth
6. The more you read, the faster you’ll be.
“the+比较级...，the+比较级...”，意为“越...越...”
Eg. The more you smile, the happier you will feel.
拓展：“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越...”
Eg. The weather becomes colder and colder.
7. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?(P3)为什么魏芬发现学习英语很那？
find+it+adj+to do sth“发现做某事...”
Eg. I find it very interesting to learn English.
8. But I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation.
1）be afraid to do sth“害怕做某事” eg. I’m afraid to travel by plane.
拓展：2）be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 be afraid of sth/sb害怕某人/某物
3）I’m afraid that从句，恐怕...
9. 辨析：discover/invent
discover
指“发现”原本存在但一直不为人知的东西
练习：Recently they _____ gold in this area.
Edison ______ the electric light bulb.
Columbus ______America.
invent
“发明”出的新的，原本并不存在的东西
10. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a better understanding of English movies.
so that引导目的状语从句，“以便；为了”，相当于in order that...结构。其从句中谓语动词常和can、may、should等情态动词及be able to连用。
Eg. My father bought me a bicycle so that I can go to school quickly.
辨析：so that与so...that
so that
引导目的状语从句，“以便；为了”；还可引导结果状语从句，“因此；所以”
so...that
引导结果状语从句，“如此...以至于”
So…that…&such…that… 区别与联系
such…that的句型结构可分以下三种：
1) such＋a(an)＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that+从句
他非常聪明，大家都非常喜欢他。
2)such＋adj.＋复数可数名词＋that+从句
这些小说非常有趣，我想再读一遍。
3)such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that+从句
他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很满意。
如果such后边的名词前由many、much、few、little等词所修饰的话，则不用 such而用so。例如：
我有许多作业要做以至于我不知道该做什么了
他是如此小的一个男孩以至于大家都很喜欢他
so…that也作“如此…以致”解，连接一个表示结果的状语从句
1）so＋adj.／adv.＋that…clause（so的后面跟形容词或副词）
他跑的如此之快 以至于没有人能够赶得上他
2）so + adj+ a/an + 可数名词单数
她是如此漂亮的女孩，以至于他很喜欢她
3)so +　many／much／few／little＋名词＋that
11. I don’t know how to increase my reading speed.
1）how to increase my reading speed是“疑问词+to do”结构，作know的宾语。疑问词what、who、which、when、where、how、why等可以与to do一起构成“疑问词+to do”结果，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或宾补等成分。
Eg. I really don’t know what to write about.
2）increase“增加；增长”常构成短语：
①increase to...“增加到...” eg. The population in this city will increase to 1,000,000.
②increase by...“增加/增长了...” eg. The price of petrol increased by 5%.
3）speed“速度”，at a/the speed of“以...的速度”；at full speed“全速地”；with great speed“快速地”。 Eg. Please drive at a speed of sixty miles an hour.
12. Even if you learn something well, you will forget it unless you use it.
1）even if“即使；纵然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，有退一步的意味，相当于even though。
Eg. I’ll help you, even if I must stay up the whole night.
2） forget/remember
辨析：remember/forget to do和remember/forget doing
3） unless“除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，相当于if...not。
Eg. Don’t come unless I call you.
13. But whether or not you can do this well depend on your learning habits.
1）whether or not“是否”，whether引导主语从句，不能与if替换。
Eg. Whether she will come or not is still a problem.
2)depend on“视...而定；取决于；依靠”，后加名词、代词、动名词。不能用于进行时态和被动语态。
Eg. We depend on the newspaper for daily news. You may depend on his coming.
14. Studies show that if you are interested in something, your brain is more active and it is also easier for you to pay attention to it for a long time.
1）active形容词，“活跃的；积极的”，take an active part in“积极参加”。
Eg. Although he is over 80, he is still very active.
active-activity-actively
2） pay attention to (doing) sth“注意；关注”
Eg. You’d better pay attention to this word in the English exam last time.
15. Everyone is born with the ability to learn.
1）be born“出生；天生”，为被动语态，be动词常用was/were，born是bear是过去分词。
Eg. I was born in a small village.
2）ability，不可数名词，“能力”。常用短语：have the ability to do sth“有做某事的能力”。
Eg. Man has the ability to speak.
Unit 2
1. I wonder if it’s similar to the Water Festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.
be similar to...与……相似
2. Chinese people have been celebrating Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries.
1）enjoy常用作及物动词，意思是“喜欢，享受……的乐趣”。现将其用法简述如下：
①　 enjoy后接名词或代词 Do you enjoy the film?
②　 enjoy后接动词-ing形式 I enjoy listening to light music.
2）enjoy后接反身代词oneself，构成固定搭配，意为“过得愉快，玩得高兴”，相当于have a good time.
--Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
---I enjoyed myself very much at the party.
3.Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to the moon every night.
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导表示结果的状语从句。so是副词，用以修饰其后的形容词或副词，说明其程度的大小。
She is so lucky that she always wins at cards.
“so...that...”句型中的that在口语中常可以省略，其意思不变。
The story was so funny that it made everybody laugh.
该句型中的“so+adj./adv.”可以提至句首，以加强语气，但要注意用倒装语气。
4. Not only do people spread them around in different hiding places for an egg hunt, but they also give out these treats as gifts.
1）not only...but also...是一个并列连词，在句中连接两个并列对等的成分。
She not only plays well ,but (also) writes music.
We go there not only in winter, but also in summer.
2）在使用not only...but also...时还应注意以下几点：
①　 当not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其临近的主语保持一致。---Not only you but also he is wrong.
②　 为了强调，可将not only置于句首，此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装形式。
Not only do they need clothes, but they are also short of water.
5. What a great day!
多么美好的一天！
5.1.感叹句句型结构
（1） what引导的感叹句的中心词时名词。该名词前常有形容词修饰，句中的主语和谓语一般可省去。句型结构为：what(+a/an)+形容词+名词（主语+谓语）！
What a cold day(it is) today! What delicious food(it is)!
What引导感叹句中的名词若为单数可数名词，要用不定冠词a/an，而不用the；若为复数或不可数名词，则不用冠词。
（2） how引导的感叹句的中心词时形容词或副词。其句型结构为：how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！或how+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！
How cold it is today! How happy the children are!
5.2.陈述句改为感叹句常使用“一断二加三换位”的方法：
(1)“一断”，即在谓语动词后边断开，把句子分成两部分
She is~a beautiful girl. He works ~hard.
(2) “二加”，即如果第二部分的第一个词为形容词、副词，就加上how；如果是名词（词组），就加上what。
She is~（what）a beautiful girl. He works ~(how) hard.
(3) “三换位”，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹句。
What a beautiful girl she is! How hard he works!
Unit 3
1. 表示请求时可用can,could,may,might表达，它们没有时态上的差别，只是could比can，might比may在语气上要客气。用can或could表示“请求”比较普遍，但在正式、庄重的场合用may或might为宜。Could/Can you lend me some money,please?
对could you please...?句型回答时，肯定回答可用sure./certainly./of course.等；否定回答可用sorry,I can’t./sorry,I’m afraid not.等。
—Could you please open the window?
—Of course. /Sorry, I can’t.Because the windows are locked on the train.
2. interested,interest和interesting
①　 interested是形容词，有被动意味，意味“感兴趣的”，主语通常是人，多用于be/get/feel/become interested in结构中。
I’m interested in history.
②　 interest用作名词时意为“兴趣，趣味”；用作动词时意为“使（人）产生兴趣”，其主语多为事物。American football doesn’t interest me at all.
③　 interesting是形容词，有主动意味，意为“有趣的”。作表语时，主语通常是物。作定语时，既可修饰人，也可修饰物。
That’s an interesting storybook for children.
拓展：-ing & -ed区别
英语中不少动词加 ing 或ed 都变成形容词，但词意却大不相同，前于表示客观存的感觉，后者表示主观的感觉。
Unit 4
1. 辨析：
used to do sth. 过去常常做…
get/be used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于…
　 be used to do 　被用于做…（被动语态）
be used by 由(被)…使用（被动语态）
be used as … 被当做…使用（被动语态）
be used for doing　被用于做…（被动语态）
例: I used to go to work by bus. Now I take a taxi.
He used to be a problem boy. She used to be very shy.
I’m used to drinking a cup of water after meal.
He’s been used to living in the dormitory.
A hammer is used to drive nails.
This machine is used to clean the floor.
The girl is being used as a servant in the house.
A knife can be used for cutting bread.
2. It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.   
 基本用法：
1）本句中“It’s / It has been + 一段时间 + since + 时间状语从句”中，主句的谓语动词用一般现在时或
  2）现在完成时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。当从句的谓语动词是终止性动词时，译作“自从…以来，已经…(时间)了”。 
 -- It’s / has been three months since he moved to this city. 
  3）注：若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作或状态结束时算起”。
  --- It is half a month since he was a League member.
  3. “you have to be prepared to give up your normal life.”  
 基本用法：
1.be prepared to do sth.准备做某事
---  The two teams prepared to debate about the given topic. 
 2. give up sth./doing sth. 放弃某事/做某事
  He was not prepared to give up that easily. 
 4. afford（支付得起）的用法：afford sth 买得起…… afford to do sth 有足够的…去做…
--His mother couldn’t afford to pay for her child’s education.
--They did not consider whether they could afford the time or not.
--We can’t afford to pay such a price.
5. take pride in sth/ sb = be proud of sth/ sb 为…感到自豪
--He was watching me and take pride in everything good I do.
--I take pride in my child. =I’m proud of my child.
注：He take pride in everything good I do. 这是一个定语从句。省略了关系代词that。先行词为不定代词时，关系代词只能用that。
6. To Li Wen’s surprise, their conversation changed his life.   
基本用法：
  to one’s surprise意为“让某人吃惊的是……”，to前可以用much来修饰，表示程度。
  类似的表达方式还有：
  To her great joy, her daughter was finally saved by the doctors.
  Much to my disappointment, the football team didn't win the match.
  To people's shock, he was a thief 20 years ago. 
 7. the+序数词+最高级+N 第几（大/长/高…）
One of the/形容词性物主代词+Ns 谓语用三单
---He is now one of the best students in his class
One of my best friends is a doctor.
One of his most expensive pens has been lost.
The yellow river is the second largest river in china.
8. His parents’ love has made him feel good about himself.  
基本用法：
  本句中包含了使役动词make的用法，make接宾语时，后接不加to的动词不定式，也就是make sb. do sth. （让某人做某事），有相同用法的词还有：have, let, help。help可以用help sb to do sth，也可以用
  help sb do sth。
  The talk show on TV is very popular. It often makes people laugh.
  Let Tim get the chair for you.
  My mother often has me finish my homework before 10 o'clock.
  Can you help me (to) clean up the house? 
Unit 5
1. It takes several weeks to complete everything.  
基本用法：
  It takes (sb.) some times to do sth.意为“做某事花费（某人）……时间。”。如：
  It takes me two hours to finish the task.
· 知识拓展---“花费”辨析
  1. spend 的主语经常是人 ， 用来表示人花钱买东西或花时间做某事，常用的句型有：
  spend...on sth/in doing sth 
  I spend 5 yuan on the book.
  The boy spent 10 minutes drawing a dog.
  2. take 也可表“花费时间和金钱”，（一般只指花费时间）
  其常用结构为：It +take(各种时态)+time/money+to do sth.
  It took me three hours to finish the work.
  3. pay “支付，花费”，主语只能是人 且只用于花费金钱
  其结构是: pay + sb + some money + for sth. “为……付给某人多少钱” ，其中的人、钱、事，可以根据具体情况取舍。
  I paid (him)5 yuan.      I paid  him 5 yuan for the book.     
  I paid him for the book.   I paid for the book.
  4. cost 指某东西“值……钱”； “需要花费……钱/ 精力”等，它的主语一般为表示东西的名词，不能为表示人的名词，作及物动词和名词。可接双宾语，无被动语态。如：
  I’ll bet that dress cost a thousand dollars.
  The chair cost me thirty yuan.
2. 辨析：be made of 由...制作/制造(材料)：在成品中能看出原材料
be made from由...制造/制成(材料)：在成品中看不出原材料
be made in在...制作/制造 (产地) Made in China.中国制造
例：The desk is made of wood. Bread is made of flour.
The paper is made from wood. Wine is made of grapes.
This kind of plane is made in China.
3. be famous for 以...闻名;为人知晓  be known for因...而闻名
be famous as作为...而闻名 be known as作为...而闻名
---Jingdezhen is famous for china.
---China is famous for its tourism.
---Mo Yan is very famous as a writer.
4. allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 allow doing sth
be allowed to do sth
--Please allow me to come in.
--My boss doesn't allow me to use the telephone.
--We were not allowed to talk in class.
--They allowed smoking in this room only.
注意：allow只可搭配动名词短语作宾语，不可直接搭用动词不定式作宾补，即只可说allow doing sth，不可说allow to do sth.
5. These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life 
  and beauty.  
 基本用法：
  本句中the love是show的宾语，that all Chinese people have是定语从句，修饰先行词the love，关系 代词that 在这里指物。
Unit 6
1. invent (v.)发明；创造
invent 指发明创造出自然界本来不存在的东西，如工具、方法、手段、汽车、电器、合成材料等。
Bell invented the telephone.
Smith invented a new teaching method.
拓展 discover, find, create
1.discover是“发现”的意思，是指发现原来就有而一直没被发现，如发现电、煤、石油等矿藏及新星、星系或科学真理等。
Columbus discovered America in 1492.
Recently they have discovered a comet.
2.find的意思是“寻找”，强调找的结果，并不指发现。
I've tried to find another copy but couldn't find one. 
3.create指有目的地把原材料制成新产品，也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物。
Man creates himself.
A novelist creates characters and a plot.
2. pleasure n. 高兴，愉快；
常用于口语中；it’s my pleasure. With pleasure.
It’s my pleasure to help you look after your pet cat.
拓展 please, pleased, pleasure, pleasant 的区别
一、please
1.表请求或要求的语气。是动词（及物动词）。
-Come in, please.（或Pease come in）
-Sit down, please.（或Please sit down）
2.表“讨好，讨人喜欢；喜欢”（不及物动词）或者“使···高兴，使···满意，使···喜欢”（及物动词）
-Go where you please.
-What pleases you best?
二、pleased形容词。表示“高兴的，喜欢的，满意的”。它指的是人主观上感到的满足心理
-I'm pleased to see you!
常用句型有：be pleased to do sth.
be pleased at/about/with/by 对···感到满意/高兴
be pleased that从句 对··· 感到满意/高兴
三、pleasant形容词。表示“令人愉快的”“让人感到满意”。主语一般为物。
The walk was very pleasant.
四、pleasure名词 表示“满足；乐趣；消遣、娱乐”
It's a pleasure to read this book.
3. by mistake 错误地
by mistake 是介词短语，意为“错误地；无意地；不小心地”，指由于错误的判断而千百万的失误，常在句中作状语。
I took your bag instead of mine by mistake. 
Susan forgot her key and locked herself out by mistake. 
拓展 mistake...for…把……错认为, 错把……当作
She mistook him for the professor.
4. In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660.
此句是由until引导的时间状语从句。not.. until 意为“只到…才…”。
--She didn’t leave until I felt better.
 拓展 until的用法
until常用作介词或连词，用来引导介词短语或从句在句子中作时间状语。
1. 在肯定句中，until与延续性、持续性动词连用，表示“直到……为止”。
I worked until late in the afternoon.
2. 在否定句中，until常与瞬间动词、短暂性动词连用，表示“直到……才……”，“不到……不……”。
The rain didn’t stop until midnight.
I won’t leave until you promise to help me.
5. It is believed that the first basketball game in history was played on December 21st, 1891。
本句中的It is believed that... 相当于people believe that...是“人们相信/认为“的意思，that引导的是主语从句。
It is believed that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.(=People believe that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.)
拓展 类似的结构：
It is reported that… 据报道……It is supposed/thought that… 人们认为……
It’s known that…众所周知……
Unit 7
1. be worried about为......担心”，与worry about 同义
Mothers are always worried about their children. =Mothers always worry about their children.
safety不可数名词，意为“安全;安全性”，其反义词是danger
For your own safety, please do not smoke inside the plane.
2. stop doing sth 和 stop to do sth.
1. stop to do sth 意为“停下来去做某事”。 强调停下手中正在做的事。如： The students stop to listen to their teacher.
 2.stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”。强调停下手中正做的事。
如： The students stopped talking.
与它们相反的句式是：go on to do sth “继续做某事（与刚才一事不同）”和 go on doing sth “继续做某事（与刚才同一件事）”。
-- He finishes his homework and goes on to study English.
--They went on playing games.
3. across和through的区别：两个词都表示“穿过”,但用法有区别：
1.through 强调从人群或物体中间穿过,该动作在三维空间进行.
eg.The sun goes through the window.
The stream runs through th forest.
2.across 指在某一空间从一段到另一端或呈十字交叉穿过,该动作在物体表面进行.
eg.She went across the street to do some shopping.
Can you swim across the river?
4. get in the way of固定短语，意为“妨碍”get可以换成be动词
--Her social life got in the way of her studies
5. against是介词，意为“反对”，可接名词、代词、宾语从句；接动词时要用动词ing形式。
（1）靠着
He stood against the wall.
（2）“撞着，碰着”
The crazy man hit his head against the wall.
（3）以……对抗
Which team will you play against.

【专题过关】
评卷人
得分



一、单项选择
1．When you visit a museum, you should ________ the instructions and don’t be against them.
A．look after B．look forward C．pay attention to D．try your best to
【答案】C
【详解】句意: 当你去参观博物馆的时候，你应该关注注意事项并且不要违反它们。
考查短语辨析。look after照顾；look forward期望；pay attention to关注，注意；try your best to尽你最大努力；根据“When you visit a museum”以及“don’t be against them”可知，是要关注博物馆内的注意事项，故选C。
2．This man makes a living by ________. He can draw very well.
A．paint B．painted C．painting D．paints
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个人以绘画为生。他画得很好。
考查动名词。根据搭配“by doing sth”“通过做某事”可知，应该使用动名词。故选C。
3．You must pay attention ________ your eyes.
A．to protect B．to protecting C．protect D．protecting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你必须注意保护眼睛。
考查非谓语。此处是pay attention to doing sth“注意做某事”，to是介词，后接doing形式，故选B。
4．The electric bike can reach the ________ of 35km per hour.
A．width B．length C．speed D．height
【答案】C
【详解】句意：电动自行车的时速可达35公里。
考查名词辨析。width宽度；length长度；speed速度；height高度。根据“35km per hour”可知，此处指速度，应用speed。故选C。
5．What’s your new ________? I want to send postcards to you during my traveling in Yunnan.
A．expression B．secret C．address D．direction
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你的新地址是什么？我想在云南旅行期间给你寄明信片。
考查名词辨析。expression表达；secret秘密；address地址；direction方向。根据“I want to send postcards to you during my traveling in Yunnan.”可知，要寄明信片应该需要知道地址。故选C。
6．When I ________, I saw Sue playing baseball on the playground.
A．passed by B．fell asleep C．went off D．went down
【答案】A
【详解】句意：当我路过时，我看见苏在操场上打棒球。
考查动词短语。passed by通过；fell asleep睡着了；went off 爆炸，变质，消失；went down下跌。根据“When I …, I saw Sue playing baseball on the playground.”和选项可知，看见苏在操场上打棒球应该是路过时发生的事情，故选A。
7．The music is too ________, so I have to speak ________ .
A．loud; loud B．aloud; loud C．loudly; loudly D．loud; aloud
【答案】A
【详解】句意：音乐太吵了，所以我不得不大声说话。
考查形容词以及副词辨析。loud响亮的，大声的，是形容词；大声地，喧闹地，是副词；aloud出声地，副词；loudly大声地，副词。第一空在is后，应填形容词loud作表语，排除B和C选项。speak loud“大声说话”，speak aloud“说出声”，此处表示要大声地说话，故选A。
8．—What’s the book about?
—It says Franklin ________ electricity and Edison ________ the electric light bulb.
A．found; discovered B．invented; discovered C．discovered; invented D．discovered; found
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这本书是关于什么的？——它说富兰克林发现了电，爱迪生发明了电灯泡。
考查动词辨析。found找到；discovered发现，强调新的、重大的、科学上的发现，发现本来就存在的事物；invented发明，创造出一个原本没有的新事物。根据常识可知，电是自然界原本就存在的，故第一个空应填discovered；电灯是之前没有的东西，故第二个空填invented。故选C。
9．________ exciting race it was! Many people watched it.
A．What a B．What an C．How D．How a
【答案】B
【详解】句意：多么激动人心的比赛啊！很多人都看了。
考查感叹句。这里是感叹句what a/an+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！或者how +形容词/副词 +名词+主语+谓语！本题的中心词race为名词，应该用what引导；又因为exciting的第一个发音为元音，因此用冠词an。故选B。
10．— Jim, can I borrow your bike?
— Sorry, I ________ it to Rose.
A．lent B．have lent C．lend D．had lent
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——吉姆，我能借一下你的自行车吗？——不好意思，我把它借给罗斯了。
考查现在完成时。lent借给，lend的过去分词；have lent借给，现在完成时态；lend借给，动词原形；had lent借给，过去完成时态。考查现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响。他已经把自行车借给别人了，所以借不了。故选B。
11．— Oh, you look so worried. What’s ________ your mind?
— I’m wondering ________ to end my present plan or not.
A．in; whether B．in; if C．on; whether D．on; if
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——哦，你看起来很担心。你心里在想什么？——我想知道是否结束我目前的计划。
考查介词和连接词。in one’s mind在脑海中；on one’s mind在某人心里。根据“Oh, you look so worried. What’s …your mind?”可知，此处询问心里想什么，使用介词on；根据“to end my present plan or not”可知，空后为or not，使用whether。故选C。
12．—I wonder ________ if I park my car here.
—Of course it does, you need to find a safer place.
A．that it minds B．how it matters C．whether it matters D．if it works
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我想知道我把车停在这里是否有关系。——当然有关系，你得找个更安全的地方。
考查宾语从句。wonder后面的宾语从句是疑问句，排除A项。根据“Of course it does, you need to find a safer place.”可知，此处宾语从句是一般疑问句，询问我在这里停车是否有关系，故选C。
13．After the war, her father collected her diary and had it ________.
A．publish B．to publish C．published D．publishing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在战争过后，她的父亲收集了她的日记，并将其出版。
考查动词过去分词用法。“publish”意为“出版”，根据句意，此处表示“让日记被出版”，“have sth. done”表“让某事被做”，故需用“publish”的过去分词形式。故选C。
14．Andy asked whether ________ after he finished his task.
A．can he go to the cinema B．he can go to the cinema
C．he could go to the cinema D．could he go to the cinema
【答案】C
【详解】句意：安迪问他完成任务后是否可以去看电影。
考查宾语从句的时态和语序。该句是whether引导的宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，从句使用过去时态，语序应该是陈述语序，故选C。
15．I don’t know ________ Kate will go to the park ________ it is rainy tomorrow.
A．whether; whether B．how; whether C．if; whether D．whether; if
【答案】D
【详解】句意：如果明天下雨，我不知道凯特是否会去公园。
考查宾语从句和条件状语从句。whether是否；how如何；if是否，如果。第一空前是动词，后接宾语从句，是指“凯特是否会去公园”，whether和if都可以；第二空后是表示条件，应用if引导条件状语从句，故选D。
16．In the film, a woman was found ________ in her house one morning.
A．dies B．dead C．to die D．died
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在电影中，一天早上，一个女人被发现死在自己的房子里。
考查形容词作宾补。dies死亡，动词第三人称单数；dead死的，形容词；to die死亡，动词不定式；died死亡，过去式。根据“ a woman was found ... in her house one morning.”可知，此处指发现人是死的这种状态，应用形容词作宾语补足语。故选B。
17．— What about some coffee?
— No, I am not thirsty and recent studies ________ people ________ drinking it too much.
A．warn; of B．warn; / C．warn; against D．warn; to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——来点咖啡怎么样？——不，我不渴，最近的研究也警告人们不要喝太多咖啡。
考查动词短语。warn sb. of sth. 警告(通知)某人会有某情况；warn sb. doing sth.表述错误；warn sb. against doing sth.告诫某人不要做某事；warn sb. (not) to do sth. 告诫某人(不)要做某事，其中to为不定式符号，后面接动词原形，可排除D项。根据“No, I am not thirsty”以及“drinking it too much.”可推知，研究是警告人们不要喝太多咖啡。故选C。
18．—Do you tell me ________?
—Of course.
A．where’s there a good place to eat
B．where there’s a good place to eat
C．where is a good place to eat
D．where a good place is to eat
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我哪里有吃的好地方吗？——当然。
考查宾语从句。本题tell后跟宾语从句，因此从句要用陈述句语序，A和C是疑问句，故排除A、C；选项D是没有逻辑的句子，因此也排除，故选B。
19．Have you decided ________?
A．to go with who B．who to go with C．who go with D．whom to go with
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你决定和谁一起去了吗？
考查疑问词+不定式的用法。根据“Have you decided ...”可知，此处要用“疑问词+不定式”作“decide”的宾语，排除AC；再根据此处疑问词要做不定式“to go with”的宾语，with是介词，介词后用宾格whom。故选D。
20．The boy is crying because he doesn’t know _________ his parents are.
A．what B．that C．why D．where
【答案】D
【详解】句意：男孩在哭，因为他不知道他的父母在哪里。
考查宾语从句引导词。what什么；that无实际意义；why什么；where在哪里。根据“The boy is crying ”结合选项可知男孩哭的原因是不知道他的父母在哪里。故选D。
21．If your answer is ________, the machine will give the mark to you ________.
A．correct, correct B．correct, correctly C．correctly, correctly D．correctly, correct
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果你的答案正确，机器会给你正确的分数。
考查形容词和副词。correct正确的，形容词；correctly正确地，副词。第一个空在is后作表语，需用形容词，排除C/D；第二个空修饰动词give，需用副词。故选B。
22．________, do you know the way to the museum?
A．By the way B．In the way C．On the way D．At the way
【答案】A
【详解】句意：顺便问一下，你知道去博物馆的路吗？
考查介词短语辨析。By the way顺便说一下；In the way挡道；On the way在途中；At the way形式错误。根据语境可知是顺带问一下去博物馆的路。故选A。
23．This problem is ________ me. I’ m afraid I can’ t work it out.
A．beyond B．beside C．behind D．in
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这个问题超出我的能力。恐怕我解决不了。
考查介词辨析。beyond超出；beside在……旁边；behind在……后边；in在……里边。根据“I’ m afraid I can’ t work it out.”可知问题对我来说难，已超出我的能力。故选A。
24．I can hardly know _________ so complex a matter in such a case.
A．how to do with B．what to do with C．what to deal with D．how dealing with
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在这种情况下，我几乎不知道怎么处理如此复杂的事情。
考查“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。句中的“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，做know的宾语，排除D项。deal with“处理”，通常与how搭配使用；do with“处理”，常与what搭配使用。故选B。
25．—Song Xiaobao is ________ Chinese people as a comedy actor.
—We can see his show on TV this evening.
A．known as B．proud of C．well-­known to D．famous for
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——宋小宝是中国人熟知的喜剧演员。——今晚我们可以在电视上看到他的节目。
考查形容词短语。be known as作为……而出名；be proud of以……自豪；be well-known to对……而出名；be famous for因……而著名，根据“Chinese people as a comedy actor”可知，对于中国人来说，宋小宝作为喜剧演员很出名，故选C。
26．—Many students don’ t know how to ________ stress and become worried.
—I think they’ d better ask their teachers for help.
A．argue with B．deal with C．do with D．come up with
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——许多学生不知道如何处理压力，变得担心。——我认为他们最好向老师寻求帮助。
考查动词短语。argue with和……争吵；deal with处理；do with对付，处理；come up with想出。根据“Many students don’ t know how to ... stress and become worried. ”可知学生不会处理压力才会担心，又根据how可知与它搭配的“处理”应用deal with。故选B。
27．The girl won the ________. We’re all ________ of her.
A．prize; proud B．proud; prize C．pride; proud D．prize; pride
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这个女孩得了奖。我们都为她感到骄傲。
考查名词和形容词辨析。prize奖；pride骄傲；proud自豪的。根据“win”可知，应该使用“prize”，表示“获奖”；根据“be proud of”“以……为傲”可知，应该使用“proud”。故选A。
28．Our English teacher says learning English ________ action, or we will get nothing.
A．reduces B．refuses C．requires D．realizes
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们的英语老师说学习英语需要行动，否则我们将一无所获。
考查动词辨析。reduces减少；refuses拒绝；requires需要；realizes意识到。根据“Our English teacher says learning English …action”可知，行动是英语学习的条件，即就是需要行动。故选C。
29．Half of the full basket of apples ________ to Xiao Ming and the rest ________ for you.
A．is given; is B．give; are C．are given; are D．will be given; are
【答案】C
【详解】句意：一篮子苹果的一半给小明，其余的给你。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据情境可知，应该使用一般现在时；根据“Half of the full basket of apples”可知，主语为复数，且和“give”之间构成被动，故第一个空使用一般现在时的被动语态be done；根据情境可知，“the rest”为“剩余的苹果”，是复数，be动词用are。故选C。
30．—What do you think of the woman?
—I find ________ difficult to work with her.
A．its B．that C．this D．it
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你认为这个女人怎么样？——我发现很难和她一起工作。
考查形式宾语。根据“find”可知，空处作宾语；且根据句意可知，真正的宾语是“to work with her”，所以空处用it作形式宾语，故选D。
31．Our parents are strict ________ us. Playing computer games ________.
A．with; isn’t allowed B．with; doesn’t allowed C．in; aren’t allowed D．in; don’t allow
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们的父母对我们很严格。玩电脑游戏是不允许的。
考查形容词短语和一般现在时的被动语态。be strict with sb对某人严格；be strict in sth对某事严格。根据“us”可知，第一处用with，排除CD。第二处主语是动作的承受者，需用被动语态。故选A。
32．When you ________, pay no attention to those people and be proud of your schoolwork.
A．laughing B．laugh at C．are laughed D．are laughed at
【答案】D
【详解】句意：当你被嘲笑时，不要理会那些人，要为你的学业感到骄傲。
考查被动语态。主语you和laugh at之间是被动关系，应用被动语态：be done，同时at不能丢，故选D。
33．I can finish the work if I ________ another two days.
A．offer B．am offered C．will offer D．will be offered
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果再给我两天时间，我就能完成这项工作。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“I can finish the work”可知，从句是一般现在时。从句主语“I”和谓语动词“offer”之间是被动关系，因此这里是一般现在时的被动语态，结构是“be done”。故选B。
34．Hong Kong ________ to be a good place for eating today.
A．knows B．knew C．is well-known D．was known
【答案】C
【详解】句意：众所周知，香港是当今饮食的好地方。
考查被动语态。主语“Hong Kong”和谓语know之间是被动关系，根据“today”可知句子使用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选C。
35．Two years later, he ________ the governor.
A．is chosen to be B．chose to be
C．was chosen to be D．chooses to be
【答案】C
【详解】句意：两年后，他被选为州长。
考查被动语态。主语和动词之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，此处指过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
36．Many bridges and houses ________ in the flood last month.
A．is destroyed B．are destroyed C．was destroyed D．were destroyed
【答案】D
【详解】句意：上个月许多桥梁和房子在洪水中被毁坏了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last month”可知应用一般过去时，而主语Many bridges and houses和谓语动词destroy“毁坏”是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，而一般过去时的被动语态的谓语结构为“was/were+done”，主语不是第三人称单数，be动词应用were，故选D。
37．Do you know when the Jackie Chan Charitable Foundation _______?
A．will be set up B．set up
C．was set up D．sets up
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你知道成龙慈善基金会是什么时候创建的吗？
考查一般过去时的被动语态。 set up创建，建立，固定短语；分析句子可知，此句为宾语从句，从句主语the Jackie Chan Charitable Foundation是谓语set up的承受者，应使用被动语态；成龙慈善基金会的创建，发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+动词的过去分词。故选C。
38．—The project my father put his effort into ________ highly of.
—He sets a good example for you!
A．are thought B．thinking C．has thought D．was thought
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我爸爸投入了很多努力的那个项目受到了高度评价。 ——他为你树立了一个好榜样。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据对句子结构的分析可知，my father put his effort into在句子中作定语，修饰前面的主语The project，think hightly of“高度评价”，在句子中作谓语，The project与谓语think highly of之间为被动关系，故排除B，C选项；根据定语从句的谓语“put”可知，这件事情已发生，所以主句谓语需用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
39．—Where do you think ________?
—I guess they took it in Suzhou.
A．was the photo taken B．the photo was taken
C．did the photo take D．the photo took
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你认为照片是在哪里拍的？——我想他们是在苏州拍的。
考查宾语从句。本题动词“think”后跟宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，故排除A、C；从句主语“the photo”与谓语动词“take”之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，故选B。
40．The 2022 Winter Olympics will ________ in Beijing, making the Chinese capital the first city to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.
A．take up B．take place C．take part D．take on
【答案】B
【详解】句意：2022年冬奥会将在北京举行，这将使中国首都成为第一个同时举办过夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。
考查动词短语。take up开始从事；take place举行；take part参加；take on呈现。句子主语为“The 2022 Winter Olympics”，赛事通常搭配的是“举行”，故选B。
41．Mrs. Brown is a teacher of _________, and her daughter is _________ girl.
A．40 years old; a 8-year-old B．40-years-old; a 8 years old
C．40 years old; an 8-year-old D．40-year-old; an 8 years old
【答案】C
【详解】句意：布朗女士是一名40岁的教师，她的女儿是一个8岁的女孩。
考查年龄的表达。a teacher of 40 years old意为“一名40岁的教师”；8-year-old意为“8岁的”，是复合形容词，可修饰名词；eight以元音音素开头，其前冠词用an。故选C。

42．Great changes have taken place since China ________ WTO.
A．has entered into B．entered into
C．has entered D．entered
【答案】D
【详解】句意：自从中国加入世贸组织以来，发生了巨大的变化。
考查时态和动词。since后用一般过去时；enter+组织，表示“加入某组织”；enter into“开始”。故选D。
43．—Mr Wu, I don’t have enough sleep and I feel sleepy in class every day.
—Perhaps you should ________ your time better and go to bed earlier.
A．spend B．make C．manage D．have
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——吴老师，我睡眠不足，每天上课都很困。——也许你应该更好地管理你的时间，早点睡觉。
考查动词辨析。spend花费；make制造；manage管理；have有。根据“Perhaps you should...your time better and go to bed earlier.”可知，是更好地管理时间，故选C。
44．—We are in trouble now. I have no idea ________.
—Neither do I. We have to ask for help.
A．how can the problem be solved B．how the problem can be solved
C．how can we solve the problem D．how the problem can solve
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我们现在有麻烦了。我不知道如何解决这个问题。——我也不知道。我们必须寻求帮助。
考查宾语从句。本题“I have no idea”后接的是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，故排除A、C；问题应该是被解决的，从句主语“the problem”和谓语动词“solve”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
45．—Staying in that kind of environment for ________ hours will influence one’s health.
— ________. Let’s move out.
A．a number of; I agree B．a number of; Certainly not
C．the number of; Good idea D．the number of; Don’t worry
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——在这种环境中待上几个小时会影响一个人的健康。——我同意。我们搬出去吧。
考查形容词短语和情景交际。a number of许多的；the number of……的数目；I agree我同意； Certainly not当然不行；Good idea好主意；Don’t worry别担心。根据“Staying in that kind of environment for …hours will, influence one’s health.”可知，此处指几个小时，使用a number of；根据“Let’s move out.”可知，此处对于上述建议观点表示同意，故选A。
46．The doctors ________ my father to do sports for an hour every day.
A．advice B．advise C．suggest D．support
【答案】B
【详解】句意：医生建议我父亲每天做一小时的运动。
考查词义辨析。advice建议，名词；advise建议，动词；suggest建议，动词；support支持，动词。分析句子结构可知，此空缺少动词作谓语，排除A选项。根据“The doctors … my father to do sports for an hour every day”可知，医生建议父亲每天做运动，排除D选项。advise sb to do sth“建议某人去做某事”，suggest后面不能接动词不定式，故选B。
47．Her grandfather was ill yesterday. She went to ________ him immediately.
A．take away B．keep away from C．take care of D．keep out
【答案】C
【详解】句意：她祖父昨天病了。她立刻去照顾他。
考查动词短语辨析。take away拿走；keep away from远离；take care of照顾；keep out阻止进入。根据“Her grandfather was ill yesterday.”可知，祖父生病了，所以要照顾他，故选C。
48．We shouldn’t ________ aliens.
A．be controlled by B．is controlled by C．are controlled by D．be control by
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们不应该被外星人控制。
考查被动语态。根据“shouldn’t”可知，其后跟动词原形，因此排除BC选项；被动语态的形式为“be done by”，因此“control”应用其过去分词形式“controlled”。故选A。
49．He looks ________. We should do something to cheer him up.
A．down B．excited C．interested D．relaxed
【答案】A
【详解】句意：他看起来很悲伤。 我们应该做点什么让他振作起来。
考查形容词辨析。down低落的，悲伤的；excited兴奋的；interested感兴趣的；relaxed放松的。根据“We should do something to cheer him up”可知我们要让他振作起来，因为他很悲伤。故选A。
50．It’s bad to throw paper everywhere. We must avoid ________ that.
A．do B．doing C．did D．to do
【答案】B
【详解】句意：到处乱扔纸是不好的。 我们必须避免这样做。
考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选B。