【高考二轮重难点复习】2023年高考英语易错点精讲精练学案——专题05 第五讲 完形填空说明文(真题透视最新模拟同类题)（含解析）

这是一份【高考二轮重难点复习】2023年高考英语易错点精讲精练学案——专题05 第五讲 完形填空说明文(真题透视最新模拟同类题)（含解析），共31页。学案主要包含了考点概述，考点观察，解题技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题05 第二讲 说明文
完形填空真题透视+最新模拟同类题演练

目录：
考点概述
考点观察
解题技巧
真题透视
模拟演练
【考点概述】
完形填空说明文通常使用一般现在时，语言简练精确，主题明确，层次分明。高考说明文类完形填空往往在文章的开头就点明说明对象，为考生把握文章主题提供了有利条件。

【考点观察】


【解题技巧】
技巧一 明确说明对象
速度全文，明确作者从什么角度和侧面对哪一个说明对象加以说明。
技巧二 明确段落关系
把握每段的说明重点，理清段落之间的逻辑关系，加深对说明对象的理解。
技巧三 明确说明顺序
说明文通常按照时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序和认知顺序展开说明。结合文章前后的因果关系和语境深入理解全文。
技巧四 明确作者态度
把握体现作者情感态度的关键词句，有利于掌握作者的写作意图。


真题透视
1. （2022年全国·高考真题）
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___1___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___2___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___3___.
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___4___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___5___ research results in child developmental psychology ___6___ that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC．Each ___7___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___8___. We then asked the child if she could ___9___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same _____10_____ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: _____11_____ children said that they couldn’t _____12_____ to her.
A number of _____13_____ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects _____14_____ the questions and knew _____15_____ what was asked of them. Their _____16_____ to the questions reflected their true _____17_____ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply _____18_____ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our _____19_____ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _____20_____ when others use it.
1．A．following B．taking C．escaping D．directing
2．A．clever B．bad C．scared D．quick
3．A．exposed B．examined C．untouched D．imbalanced
4．A．supported B．guaranteed C．imagined D．interpreted
5．A．disappointing B．mixed C．surprising D．desired
6．A．explained B．confirmed C．contradicted D．tested
7．A．parent B．child C．researcher D．doctor
8．A．feet B．nose C．hands D．ears
9．A．see B．help C．reach D．fool
10．A．event B．thing C．action D．accident
11．A．Yet B．Now C．Soon D．Once
12．A．speak B．listen C．turn D．wave
13．A．instructions B．descriptions C．experiments D．assumptions
14．A．comprehended B．predicted C．explored D．ignored
15．A．partly B．honestly C．vaguely D．exactly
16．A．responses B．approaches C．contribution D．sensitivity
17．A．ability B．belief C．identity D．purpose
18．A．hold back B．relate to C．insist on D．make up
19．A．limitations B．requirements C．theories D．findings
20．A．tentative B．impressive C．creative D．effective
2.（2018年上海·统考高考真题）
When 17-year-old Quattro Musser hangs out with friends, they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates. __21__, they stick to G-rated activities such as rock- climbing or talking about books.
They are in good company, according to a new study showing that teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into __22__. The study, published Tuesday in the journal Child Development, found that the percentage of adolescents in the U. S. who have a driver's license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous (急剧的) __23__ in the past decade. The declines appeared across race, geographic, and socioeconomic lines, and in rural, urban, and suburban areas.
To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities, but the __24__ have slimmed considerably. Teens have also reported a steady decline in sexual activity in recent decades, as the portion of high school students who have had sex fell from 54 percent in 1991 to 41 percent in 2015, according to Centers for Disease Control statistics. u People say, 'Oh, it's because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring, ' but they're __25__ the larger trend," said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, which drew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less __26__ in activities such as dating, driving or getting jobs because in today's society, they no longer need to.
According to an evolutionary psychology theory that a person's "life strategy" slows down or speeds up depending on his or her __27__, exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the __28__ effect, the study said. In the first __29__, "You'd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start having kids young, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more __30__and fewer resources, " said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of "iGen： Why Today's Super- Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy-and Completely Unprepared for Adulthood."
In that model a teenage boy might be thinking more __31__ about marriage, and driving a car and working for pay would be important for “ establishing mate value based on procurement of resources," the study said. But America is shifting more toward the __32__model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. uEven in families whose parents didn't have a college education. . . families are smaller, and the idea that children need to be carefully  __33__ has really sunk in. ‘‘ The __34__of 41 adult activities'' could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of time on extracurriculars as they did in the 1990 s (with the exception of community service, which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the __35__, the report said, since the decline began before they were widely available. If the delay is to make room for creative exploration and forming better social and emotional connections, it is a good thing, he said.
21．A．Therefore B．Rather C．Moreover D．Besides
22．A．childhood B．neighborhood C．adolescents D．adulthood
23．A．escapes B．ends C．decreases D．changes
24．A．minorities B．majorities C．masses D．amounts
25．A．taking B．avoiding C．sending D．missing
26．A．interested B．envied C．relieved D．realized
27．A．emotions B．surroundings C．customs D．habits
28．A．wrong B．same C．opposite D．similar
29．A．event B．issue C．case D．occasion
30．A．trouble B．questions C．benefits D．diseases
31．A．respectively B．delicately C．seriously D．considerably
32．A．slower B．better C．smaller D．faster
33．A．emphasized B．related C．organized D．educated
34．A．implement B．postponement C．achievement D．payment
35．A．cause B．impact C．fact D．result

模拟演练
1. （2023年广东高三惠州一中联考练习）
Anxious exam candidates’ problem is the run-up or preparation, not the exam itself.
Exams are always tense and worrying, especially for those of an anxious disposition. The silence of the hall; the ____1____ of the clock; the content expression of the person at the neighbouring desk. It therefore seems ____2____ surprising that those who worry about tests do systematically ____3____ than those who do not. Unexpectedly, according to research in Psychological Science by Maria Theobald, it is not the pressure of the exam which causes the problem. It is the ____4____ pressure.
What Dr Therobald found was that ____5____ on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all. What predicted it was the level of knowledge a student ____6____ in the earlier learning activities and the mock (模拟) exam. Those who ____7____ well in these also did well in the real thing, ____8____ how anxious they were on the day. What actually ____9____ students were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place. The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam, the lower his or her knowledge-gain was during that period, leaving that student with less material to _____10_____ during the exam itself.
This is a positive discovery, for it suggests the anxious might achieve better result by adjusting their _____11_____ when revising. Dr. Theobald notes that test-anxiety is at its worst when students have low_____12_____of success and at the same time know that passing the exam is _____13_____ important. To reduce this anxiety, she proposes a _____14_____ for students to consider as they revise. First, they can raise their belief in their own abilities by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can _____15_____ the significance of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation. It really isn’t.
1．A．clicking B．ticking C．dropping D．ringing
2．A．slightly B．basically C．hardly D．completely
3．A．worse B．better C．less D．higher
4．A．presentation B．memory C．revision D．time
5．A．atmosphere B．expression C．outcome D．anxiety
6．A．prepared B．forgot C．displayed D．increased
7．A．performed B．responded C．behaved D．activated
8．A．because of B．as for C．except for D．regardless of
9．A．took back B．held back C．pushed back D．brought back
10．A．record B．review C．recite D．reproduce
11．A．approach B．view C．preparation D．material
12．A．spirits B．attitude C．expectation D．ideas
13．A．immediately B．anxiously C．approximately D．extremely
14．A．theory B．strategy C．plan D．decision
15．A．decrease B．enhance C．realize D．recognize
2.（2022年河南南阳·高三南阳中学校练习）
In most parts of the world a “good night’s sleep” means more or less eight hours without interruption. However, the____16____ of an eight­hour sleep is fairly recent.
____17____, history textbooks only tend to record memorable events. Sleep is so____18____ that it isn‟t mentioned. However, some historians____19____ references to a “first sleep” and a “second sleep” in documents covering several centuries and countries. The first sleep started after sunset and lasted until around midnight. Then people would lie____20____ for a while and chat or pray. Some neighbours ____21____ used to take the opportunity to visit each other between____22____. After a few hours, they would____23____ their second sleep, until dawn.
By the time electric lighting was introduced, the two­sleep pattern had____24____, for most people had lights and could stay up late if they wanted to. It’s a_____25_____ we lost the two­sleep habit because being awake for a period at night is beneficial. It_____26_____ the body’s natural energy and sleep rhythms and is the perfect time to_____27_____ the day and to take it easy.
The two­sleep habit used to be quite widespread, but it wasn’t_____28_____. Sleep patterns vary between different cultures. Some cultures don‟t have a_____29_____ time for sleeping. People sleep for short periods throughout the day or night.
Sleep patterns also vary according to_____30_____.While older adults and pre­teens are_____31_____ happy with early mornings, teenagers have a_____32_____ of staying up late at night and getting up later.
In many modern families, parents are always_____33_____ that teenagers won’t get up in the mornings. Really, it shouldn’t_____34_____. Getting up late isn’t lazy. Maybe we should_____35_____ what our body clock is telling us and sleep when our body says it’s tired.
16．A．character B．end C．result D．concept
17．A．Naturally B．Finally C．Hopefully D．Casually
18．A．practical B．common C．important D．complex
19．A．dropped B．preferred C．understood D．noticed
20．A．asleep B．alone C．awake D．angry
21．A．even B．seldom C．still D．only
22．A．floors B．days C．matches D．sleeps
23．A．limit B．have C．check D．lose
24．A．developed B．returned C．disappeared D．existed
25．A．pity B．blessing C．puzzle D．relief
26．A．evaluates B．follows C．predicts D．proves
27．A．mix with B．belong to C．think about D．wait for
28．A．universal B．interesting C．healthy D．regular
29．A．distinctive B．flexible C．normal D．fixed
30．A．race B．age C．space D．season
31．A．suddenly B．hardly C．generally D．gradually
32．A．fear B．habit C．chance D．measure
33．A．complaining B．persuading C．hearing D．suspecting
34．A．work B．occur C．last D．matter
35．A．guess B．report C．consider D．risk
3.（2023年安徽阜阳·高三统考开学考试）
Many people are volunteering to help others. They are a generally ____36____ group and getting a huge benefit that non-volunteers don’t. Research suggests that volunteers aren’t just helping the communities they ____37____. They actually experience a boost in their mental health.
____38____ with people who don’t volunteer, people who volunteer are more ____39____ with their lives and rate their overall health as better. Also people who volunteer more frequently experience greater ____40____: Those who volunteered at least once a month reported better mental health than those who volunteered ____41____ or not at all.
The researchers also found that people who started to volunteer became happier over time. While it’s ____42____ that happier people spend more time volunteering, studies suggest that you don’t need to already ____43____ happy to benefit from it. In fact, some research suggests that people who ____44____ with lower levels of wellbeing may even get a bigger boost from volunteering.
Why does volunteering _____45_____ mental health? A combination of _____46_____ is likely at play. Volunteering appears to be naturally _____47_____ -when we help others, we tend to experience a “warm glow(喜悦)”. Volunteering is also likely to help boost a sense of _____48_____ connection.
In particular, for older adults, volunteering can be a way to stay connected to others after _____49_____. Finally, volunteering can be a way to _____50_____ professional skills and try out leadership opportunities.
36．A．weather-beaten B．kind-hearted C．nature-loving D．good-looking
37．A．respect B．describe C．analyze D．serve
38．A．Compared B．Honored C．Crowded D．Related
39．A．impressed B．satisfied C．bored D．concerned
40．A．adventures B．operations C．victories D．benefits
41．A．informally B．unavoidably C．infrequently D．unworthily
42．A．simple B．true C．strange D．important
43．A．feel B．sound C．keep D．turn
44．A．put up B．start out C．show off D．run away
45．A．manage B．require C．involve D．support
46．A．standards B．activities C．factors D．patterns
47．A．rewarding B．difficult C．shocking D．suitable
48．A．romantic B．remote C．cultural D．social
49．A．retirement B．graduation C．consultation D．treatment
50．A．recognize B．build C．research D．match
4.（2022年广西柳州桂林十八中练习）
A nonprofit is making their community more inclusive and accessible, one tool at a time.
Many people living in low-income areas don’t have access to the ____51____ they need to make even the most ____52____ home improvements. Most can’t ____53____ to buy pricey tools themselves, nor can they afford to ____54____ someone else to repair their homes. That’s where the Chicago Tool Library comes in!
Tessa Vierk and Jim Benton started the tool library in 2019. It ____55____ exactly like a regular library, except ____56____ books, people can borrow tools they need for home ____57____, woodworking, gardening, cooking, camping, sewing, and more. People ____58____ for a library card, and there’s a pay-what-you-can annual fee with no standard or minimum payments. ____59____ can borrow as many _____60_____ as they can carry for seven days, and renew them if they need more time.
When the library first _____61_____, they had about 150 members. During the pandemic (流行病) when more people were home, their membership increased _____62_____. They now have over 1,500 members from all over the Chicago area and more than 2,500 tools to choose from. In fact, they’re growing so fast that they’ve had to _____63_____ tool donations. So now they’re searching for a _____64_____ building to hold “twice as many tools”. They haven’t found the _____65_____ expansion space yet, but they’re looking for a place that’s easily _____66_____ from the transit (运输) system to make their _____67_____ available to even more people.
What a _____68_____ idea! It is also putting a new twist (转变) on a(n) _____69_____ concept, all to bring more _____70_____ to their community.
51．A．systems B．materials C．methods D．spaces
52．A．basic B．rapid C．obvious D．impressive
53．A．promise B．hesitate C．remember D．afford
54．A．employ B．force C．teach D．persuade
55．A．moves B．changes C．grows D．functions
56．A．regardless of B．instead of C．thanks to D．according to
57．A．games B．repairs C．sales D．furnishings
58．A．dress up B．make up C．clean up D．sign up
59．A．Members B．Professionals C．Volunteers D．Partners
60．A．books B．clothes C．tools D．toys
61．A．showed B．tried C．started D．closed
62．A．slightly B．slowly C．irregularly D．considerably
63．A．turn down B．ask for C．find out D．depend on
64．A．cheaper B．lower C．larger D．warmer
65．A．empty B．perfect C．extra D．secret
66．A．replaceable B．identifiable C．predictable D．accessible
67．A．offerings B．trips C．reports D．inventions
68．A．ridiculous B．clear C．fantastic D．strange
69．A．abstract B．old C．similar D．simple
70．A．balance B．confidence C．pressure D．fairness
5.（2023年山东滨州·高三统考期末）
It’s hard to put into words how much of a sense of freedom I get from being outdoors and in the wilderness. If I’m____71____ by buildings for too long, I get a bit anxious. I need to see a field, a river or a mountain____72____ in front of me.
Spending time outdoors is a wonderful ____73____, I like nothing more than getting to the end of a day spent outdoors and ____74____ the ache in my legs from a long walk. It helps me sleep and is far more ____75____than training in a gym.
There are so many ____76____walks to choose from all over the UK. We live on a tiny island, relatively speaking, but the scenery we have here easily ____77____ some of the most beautiful in the world. We are extremely____78____: on our doorstep we have beaches, rivers, hills and mountains.
Thanks to the light and the weather, the same walk can feel very different ____79____the time of year you do it. But for breathtaking views whatever the _____80_____is, I’d recommend Cow and Calf Rocks on Ilk-ley Moor in West Yorkshire. It’s quite a challenge climbing them, which is why doing so feels more daring than a normal walk and offers _____81_____ that you don’t get from following a gentle path. It’s perfect if you want a workout as well as fresh air and gives you the chance to get up high and_____82_____a view that changes all year round.
Otley Chevin in West Yorkshire is another _____83_____ climb that offers beautiful views. And like Cow and Calf Rocks, it is within easy_____84_____of the nearby town. But being Cambrian, my heart will always belong to the Lake District. I grew up walking those fells in all weathers and seasons, and I think there is nothing more _____85_____than a big hill walk that gets your lungs burning and brings you to a    view you’ve never seen before.
71．A．crowded B．surrounded C．impressed D．involved
72．A．disappearing B．revealing C．emerging D．floating
73．A．experience B．expectation C．arrangement D．ambition
74．A．doubting B．curing C．feeling D．removing
75．A．harmful B．beneficial C．graceful D．pitiful
76．A．powerful B．grateful C．confusing D．amazing
77．A．rivals B．highlights C．escapes D．explores
78．A．lucky B．tense C．certain D．tough
79．A．picking up B．depending on C．contrasting with D．getting over
80．A．season B．custom C．emotion D．response
81．A．curiosity B．excitement C．encouragement D．indication
82．A．put on B．give off C．take in D．set up
83．A．challenging B．exhausting C．moving D．annoying
84．A．limit B．center C．reach D．distance
85．A．regular B．remote C．obvious D．special
6.（2022年辽宁·校联考模拟预测）
On my 16th birthday, I ran into my bedroom, closed the door and cried for an hour. I thought I had turned 16 and had not____86____anything in my life.
The feeling of not achieving adequately is____87____: Even the most successful people can feel like____88____at times. Goals and desires to achieve something great are____89____things. However, if we regularly become____90____by such feelings, this can lead to unhealthy thoughts.
As for me,____91____, through experience and an attitude change, I have been able to keep negative feelings under control and____92____.
Often we____93____our successes and we probably have achieved more than we____94____. A visual reminder of what you’ve done can work wonders for one to be_____95_____. Write down the small achievements, like graduating from high school. Another way is to have your life_____96_____. You may have friends and family that may be the hard-to-please types. This may be a huge_____97_____of your feelings of inadequacy. So what’s important is to_____98_____at least one friend that is your cheerleader. We all need that person who will always see the silver lining instead of the dark cloud.
Life is not a_____99_____though some people will have you believe that. It can be a lifelong process to keep you from thinking you are not doing_____100_____in your life.
86．A．created B．learned C．found D．achieved
87．A．different B．right C．common D．confusing
88．A．strangers B．advocates C．victims D．failures
89．A．positive B．necessary C．amusing D．simple
90．A．consumed B．defined C．judged D．attracted
91．A．suddenly B．fortunately C．occasionally D．effortlessly
92．A．turn around B．go away C．move forward D．give in
93．A．forget B．celebrate C．measure D．guarantee
94．A．get B．promise C．realize D．express
95．A．confident B．faithful C．independent D．ambitious
96．A．coaches B．caretakers C．advisors D．cheerleaders
97．A．reflection B．source C．result D．description
98．A．tell B．have C．call D．invite
99．A．journey B．dream C．story D．competition
100．A．early B．enough C．firmly D．fast

答案
1.
1．C    2．B    3．A    4．D    5．C    6．C    7．B    8．D    9．A    10．B    11．B    12．A    13．C    14．A    15．D    16．A    17．B    18．C    19．D    20．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随；B. taking取走；C. escaping避开；D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.”（全球的孩子们享受玩捉迷藏的游戏）可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的；B. bad不擅长的；C. scared害怕的；D. quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”（他们通常只是用手盖住自己的眼睛，身体的其他部分露在外面）可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的；B. examined已检查过的；C. untouched未受影响的；D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies” （他们通常只是用手盖住自己的眼睛，身体的其他部分露在外面）可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持；B. guaranteed保证；C. imagined想象；D. interpreted解释。根据本句中的that从句内容“evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”并结合上文语境可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. disappointing令人失望的；B. mixed混合的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. desired渴望的。根据下文“Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism.”（我们的19 建议当一个孩子用毯子盖住头来隐藏时，这并不是自我中心的结果）可知，研究结果与之前孩子们自我中心的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释；B. confirmed证实；C. contradicted相矛盾；D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”（我们的19 建议当一个孩子用毯子盖住头来隐藏时，这并不是自我中心的结果）可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent父母亲；B. child儿童；C. researcher研究员；D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”（我们把一些2到4岁的孩子带到我们在USC的思维发展实验室）可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚；B. nose鼻子；C. hands手；D. ears耳朵。根据下文“We then asked the child if she could 　　9　　 or or hear the adult”（我们之后问孩子是否能或者听到大人的声音）可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见；B. help帮助；C. reach到达；D. fool欺骗。根据上文“Each 　　7　　 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 　　8　　.”（每个孩子和遮住了眼睛和耳朵的大人坐在一起）可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事；B. thing事情；C. action行动；D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they couldn’t _12_ to her.” (此刻孩子们说他们不能和她_12_)可知，发生了与前面孩子们不能看见大人类似的事情，即孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B项。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet然而；B. Now此刻；C. Soon很快；D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，此刻孩子们说不能和成年人说话了，强调当下。故选B项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说；B. listen听；C. turn转；D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own mouth” (大人的嘴巴被盖住了)可知，由于盖住的是嘴巴，因此同样的事情则是孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选A项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令；B. descriptions说明；C. experiments实验；D. assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解；B. predicted预测；C. explored探索；D. ignored忽略。根据下文“ and knew _15_ what was asked of them”（我们年轻的主人公们理解了问题并且知道自己被问了什么）可知，只有先理解了才能能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. partly部分地；B. honestly诚实地；C. vaguely含糊地；D. exactly确切地。根据下文“Their 16 to the questions reflected their true _17_ ”(他们的 16 反映了他们真实的_17_)可知，只有确切地知道自己被问了什么，才能说他们的答案反映他们真实的看法。故选D项。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. responses回答；B. approaches方法；C. contribution贡献；D. sensitivity敏感性。根据上文可知，正是通过对孩子们进行提问来进行的，孩子们自然要对问题做出回答和回应可知，此处指孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. ability能力；B. belief看法；C. identity身份；D. purpose目的。根据上下文可知这个在思维实验室进行的实验的目的正是为了研究孩子们的思维方式，通过回答与大人的互动有关的问题，他们的回答反映的他们的真正的看法。故选B项。
18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止；B. relate to有关联；C. insist on坚持；D. make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me, too.”（只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你）可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A. limitations限制；B. requirements必要条件；C. theories理论；D. findings检验发现。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC.”（我们把一些2到4岁的孩子带到我们在USC的思维发展实验室）可知，结合前文讲了实验的一些经过可知，此处表示实验的研究发现，故选D项。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实验性的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. creative创造性的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 18 mutual recognition and regard.”（他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重）可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，他们自己使用这种方法，所以当其他人也使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。
2.
21．B    22．D    23．C    24．B    25．D    26．A    27．B    28．C    29．C    30．D    31．C    32．A    33．D    34．B    35．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么在美国现在越来越少的青少年推迟那些长期被视为成人仪式的活动，主要的原因还是在于生活模式的不同。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们坚持做G级活动，如攀岩或谈论书籍。A. Therefore因此；B. Rather相反；C. Moreover而且；D. Besides另外。此处参加G级活动“攀岩或谈论书籍”与前文“they don't drink beer or cruise around in cars with their dates（他们不会喝啤酒，也不会和约会对象开着车到处兜风）”前后转折。故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究显示，青少年越来越推迟那些长期以来被视为成年仪式的活动。A. childhood童年；B. neighborhood邻居；C. adolescents青少年；D. adulthood成年。根据下文“The  ___14___ of “ adult activities”” 可知，此处为“成年仪式的活动”。故选D项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：周二发表在《儿童发展》杂志上的研究发现，自1976年以来，美国青少年中有驾照、试过酒、约会和打工的比例急剧下降，在过去十年中降幅最大。A. escapes逃跑；B. ends结束；C. decreases减少；下降；D. changes变化。根据下文“The declines appeared”可知，此处为“比例下降”。故选C项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：可以肯定的是，超过一半的青少年仍在从事这些活动，但大多数人已大幅减少。A. minorities少数；B. majorities多数；C. masses大量；D. amounts金额。根据空前“To be sure, more than half of teens still engage in these activities（可以肯定的是，超过一半的青少年仍然从事这些活动）”，在结合“but”可知，前后为转折关系，可以推断，此处应指“大多数”已经大幅减少了。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们说，“哦，这是因为青少年更负责任、更懒惰、更无聊”，但是他们没有看到这个更大的趋势。A. taking采用；B. avoiding避免；C. sending发送；D. missing错过。根据后文指明更大趋势是“because in today's society, they no longer need to（因为在今天的社会，他们不再需要这样做了）”可知，此空前后都是分析原因，故此处为人们“忽略”了更大趋势。故选D项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，她说，孩子们可能对约会、开车或找工作等活动不太感兴趣，因为在当今社会，他们不再需要这样做。A. interested感兴趣的；B. envied羡慕的；C. relieved解除；D. realized实现。根据前文“the percentage of adolescents in the U. S. who have a driver's license, who have tried alcohol, who date, and who work for pay has plummeted since 1976, with the most precipitous decreases in the past decade.（自1976年以来，美国青少年中有驾照、试过酒、约会和打工的比例直线下降，在过去十年中降幅最大。）”可以推断，此处应为“青少年可能对约会、开车或找工作等活动不太感兴趣”，且“be interested in”意为“对……感兴趣”，是固定搭配。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据进化心理学理论研究称，一个人的“生活策略”会根据他或她的环境放慢或加快，暴露在“恶劣和不可预测的”环境中会导致更快的发展，而资源更丰富和安全的环境则会产生相反的效果。A. emotions情绪；B. surroundings周围环境；C. customs风俗；D. habits习惯。根据后文“exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development（暴露在“严酷和不可预测的”环境中会导致更快的发展）”可以推断，此处为“一个人的“生活策略”会根据他或她的环境放慢或加快”。故选B项。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据进化心理学理论研究称，一个人的“生活策略”会根据他或她的环境放慢或加快，暴露在“恶劣和不可预测的”环境中会导致更快的发展，而资源更丰富和安全的环境则会产生相反的效果。A. wrong错误的；B. same相同的；C. opposite对面的；D. similar类似的。前文“a "harsh and unpredictable" environment（“严酷和不可预测的”环境）”与“ a more resource-rich and secure environment （资源更丰富和安全的环境）”形成对比，可以推断，此处为“产生相反的效果”。故选C项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在第一种情况下，你会有很多孩子，处于生存模式中。A. event事件；B. issue发行；C.  case案例，情况；D. occasion场合。根据后文“fewer resources（更少的资源）”可知，此句是对第一种情况“恶劣和不可预测的环境”的举例，故此处应指“第一种情况”。故选C项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：会有更多的疾病和更少的资源。A. trouble麻烦；B. questions问题；C. benefits好处；D. diseases疾病。此处是对第一种情况“恶劣和不可预测的环境发展”的举例，应与“fewer resources（更少的资源）”并列，突出环境的恶劣和不可预测，可以推断，此处为“更多的疾病”。故选D项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这种模式下，十几岁的男孩可能会更认真地考虑结婚问题，研究称，开车和打工对于“在获取资源的基础上建立配偶价值”很重要。A. respectively分别；B. delicately精致地；C. seriously认真地；D. considerably相当大。根据前文“exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development（暴露在“严酷和不可预测的”环境中会导致更快的发展）”，且此处为在恶劣和不可预测环境的情况，可以推断，此处应为“更认真地考虑结婚问题”。故选C项。
32．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：特温格说，但美国正在更多地转向较慢的经济模式，而且这种变化在各个社会经济阶层都很明显。A. slower慢一点；B. better更好；C. smaller较小；D. faster更快。上文是发展快的例子，结合空前“But America is shifting more toward”可知，美国人开始转变了，前后转折，与上文“发展快”是相反的情况，可以推断，此处为“美国正在更多地转向较慢的经济模式”。故选A项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：家庭变小了，孩子需要被仔细教育的观念已经深入人心。A. emphasized强调；B. related相关；C. organized组织；D. educated教育。根据前文“Even in families whose parents didn't have a college education（即使是在父母没有接受过大学教育的家庭）”可以推断，此处应表示“即使在父母没有接受过大学教育的家庭里，仍然重视教育”。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“成人活动”的推迟不能归因于更多的作业或课外活动。A. implement实施；B. postponement延期；C. achievement 成就；D. payment付款。根据前文“teenagers are increasingly delaying activities that had long been seen as rites of passage into adulthood.（青少年越来越推迟那些长期以来被视为成年仪式的活动。）”可以推断，此处为“成人活动的推迟”。故选B项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：报告称，智能手机和互联网的使用也不完全是原因，因为智能手机和互联网的使用在普及之前就已经开始减少了。A. cause原因；B. impact影响；C. fact事实；D. result结果。根据前文“could not be attributed to”可知，此处讲的是“成人活动推迟的原因”。故选A项。
【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第7小题，根据后文“exposure to a "harsh and unpredictable" environment leads to faster development（暴露在“严酷和不可预测的”环境中会导致更快的发展）”可以推断，此处为“一个人的“生活策略”会根据他或她的环境放慢或加快”。故选B项。
模拟演练
1.1．B    2．C    3．A    4．C    5．D    6．C    7．A    8．D    9．B    10．D    11．A    12．C    13．D    14．B    15．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了考试前的严重焦虑会影响测试结果，并提供了减少焦虑的方法和策略。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大厅里的寂静；时钟的滴答声；邻桌人的内容表达。A. clicking点击；B. ticking钟滴答行走；C. dropping掉落；D. ringing响铃。根据前文“those of an anxious disposition”及“the clock”可知，钟的滴答声会让考生紧张。故选B项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，那些担心考试的人比那些不担心考试的人表现得更差似乎不足为奇。A. slightly稍微；B. basically基本上；C. hardly几乎不；D. completely完全地。根据“that those who worry about tests do systematically ____3____ than those who do not.”可知，越是担心考试的人越考得不好，这是不足为奇的，hardly表示否定，符合此处语境。故选C项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. worse更糟糕的；B. better更好的；C. less更少的；D. higher更高的。根据“that those who worry about tests do systematically ____3____ than those who do not.”可知，担心考试的人会比不担心的人表现更糟糕。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：是复习压力。A. presentation颁发；B. memory记忆；C. revision修订、复习；D. time时间、次数。根据前文“it is not the pressure of the exam which causes the problem”并结合下文“in the earlier learning activities and the mock exam”可知，不是考试本身压力，而是复习压力会导致这些问题。故选C项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：塞洛博尔德博士发现，考试当天的焦虑程度根本不能预测考试成绩。A. atmosphere氛围、气氛；B. expression表达；C. outcome结果；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“Those who ____7____ well in these also did well in the real thing, ____8____ how anxious they were on the day.”可知，考试当天的焦虑程度不能预测考试成绩。故选D项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：预测结果的是学生在早期学习活动和模拟考试中展示的知识水平。A. prepared准备；B. forgot忘记；C. displayed展示；D. increased增加。根据“What predicted it was the level of knowledge”及“in the earlier learning activities and the mock exam.”可知，学生在早期学习活动和模拟考试中展示的知识水平对于预测学生成绩很重要。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些在这些测试中表现好的人在真实测试中也表现得很好，不管他们当天有多焦虑。A. performed（成绩、学业）表现；B. responded回应；C. behaved（行为举止）表现；D. activated激活。根据“Those who ____7____ well in these also did well in the real thing”可知，在早期和模拟测试中表现好的人在真实测试中也表现得很好。此处指的是学业上的表现。故选A项。
8．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意同上。A. because of因为；B. as for关于；C. except for除了……外；D. regardless of不管、无论。根据“how anxious they were on the day”可知，无论如何焦虑，之前的学业成绩好，真实测试中也会表现好。故选D项。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：真正阻碍学生考试的是考试前几周的高度焦虑。A. took back取回；B. held back隐瞒、阻碍；C. pushed back推回；D. brought back使……恢复。根据“high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place”可知，考前高度焦虑才是真正阻碍学生发挥的因素。故选B项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个学生在考试前几天越焦虑，他或她在考试期间获得的知识就越少，在考试期间可以再现的材料就越少。A. record记录；B. review回顾、复习；C. recite背诵；D. reproduce复制、繁殖、再现。根据“during the exam itself”可知，学生考前越是焦虑，在考前复习获得的知识越少，从而在脑海中可以再现的知识材料就越少。故选D项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个积极的发现，因为它表明焦虑者在复习时通过调整他们的方法可能会获得更好的结果。A. approach方法；B. view观点；C. preparation准备；D. material材料。根据“adjusting their ____11____ when revising”可知，上文的发现，可以通过调整方法获得结果的改善。故选A项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：塞洛博尔德博士指出，当学生对成功的期望很低，同时又知道通过考试是极其重要的时候，考试焦虑是最严重的。A. spirits精神；B. attitude态度；C. expectation期待；D. ideas主意。根据“test-anxiety is at its worst”可知，当学生对成功的期望很低时，学生会十分焦虑。故选C项。
13．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. immediately立即；B. anxiously焦急地；C. approximately大约；D. extremely极其地。根据“test-anxiety is at its worst”并结合上一空语境可知，当期望很低，而考试又极其重要时，是最焦虑的时候。故选D项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了减少这种焦虑，她提出了一种策略供学生在复习时考虑。A. theory原理；B. strategy策略；C. plan计划；D. decision决定。根据下文“First, Second,”可知，此处Dr. Theobald提出了一种策略，帮助学生考试时缓解焦虑。故选B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其次，他们可以通过提醒自己，虽然这很重要，但这不是生死攸关的情况，来降低测试的重要性。A. decrease减少；B. enhance增强；C. realize意识到、实现；D. recognize认出、辨别出。根据“while it is important, it is not a life or death situation. It really isn’t.”可知，Dr. Theobald建议学生们减少看待考试的重要性来减少焦虑。故选A项。
2.
16．D    17．A    18．B    19．D    20．C    21．A    22．D    23．B    24．C    25．A    26．B    27．C    28．A    29．D    30．B    31．C    32．B    33．A    34．D    35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同时期、不同文化和不同年龄的人们的睡眠类型以及影响睡眠类型的因素。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，八小时睡眠的概念是最近才出现的。A. character特点；品质；B. end终结；结局；C. result结果；D. concept概念。由下段中对古人每天睡两觉的习惯的介绍可知，八小时睡眠的概念是近来才有的。concept意为“概念”，符合语境。故选D。
17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然，历史教科书只倾向于记录令人难忘的事件。A. Naturally理所当然地；B. Finally最后；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Casually漫不经心地。根据下文“Sleep is so　　3　　 that it isn’t mentioned.”可知，史书记载的自然是那些值得纪念的事。故选A。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：睡眠是如此普通，以至于没有人提及。A. practical实际的；B. common普通的；C. important重要的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“　　2　　, history textbooks only tend to record memorable events.”以及下文“isn’t mentioned”可知，睡觉实在是太“常见”了 ，因此没有被记载。故选B。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些历史学家注意到，在涉及几个世纪和国家的文献中提到了“第一次睡眠”和“第二次睡眠”。A. dropped落下；B. preferred更喜欢；C. understood明白；D. noticed注意。根据下文对“first sleep”和“second sleep”的描述可知，一些历史学家注意到了“第一次睡眠”和“第二次睡眠”。故选D。
20．考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：然后人们会醒着躺一会儿，聊天或祈祷。A. asleep睡着的；B. alone独自的；C. awake醒着的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“and chat or pray”可知，人们躺在床上，没有睡觉。故选C。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一些邻居甚至习惯于趁着两次睡眠之间的时间互相拜访。A. even甚至；B. seldom很少；C. still仍然；D. only仅仅。根据上文“Then people would lie　　5　　 for a while and chat or pray.”以及下文“take the opportunity to visit each other”可知，人们不只是聊天或祈祷，还会趁着两次睡眠之间的时间互相拜访，这是递进关系。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. floors地板；B. days天；C. matches比赛；D. sleeps睡眠。根据上文的“first sleep”和“second sleep”以及下文“their second sleep”可知，一些邻居甚至习惯于趁着两次睡眠之间的时间互相拜访。故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，他们将进入第二次睡眠，直到天亮。A. limit限制；B. have有；进行；C. check检查；D. lose失去。have a sleep意为“睡觉”，符合语境。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当引入电灯时，一晚睡两觉的睡眠模式已经消失了，因为大多数人都有灯，如果愿意的话可以熬夜。A. developed发展；B. returned返回；C. disappeared消失；D. existed存在。根据下文“we lost the two­sleep habit”可知，随着电灯的引入，一晚睡两觉的睡眠模式已经消失了。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很遗憾，我们失去了双睡眠的习惯，因为晚上醒来一段时间是有益的。A. pity遗憾；B. blessing祝福；C. puzzle谜；D. relief宽慰。根据下文“because being awake for a period at night is beneficial”可知，我们失去了双睡眠的习惯是很遗憾的事。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它遵循身体的自然能量和睡眠节奏，是思考一天并放松心情的最佳时间。A. evaluates评估；B. follows跟随；遵循；C. predicts预测；D. proves证明。根据语境，此处指遵循身体的自然能量和睡眠节奏。故选B。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. mix with与……混合；B. belong to属于；C. think about思考；D. wait for等待。think about the day意为“考虑白天的生活”，符合语境。故选C。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一晚睡两觉的睡眠习惯曾经很常见，但并不是全世界通行。A. universal全世界的，通用的；B. interesting有趣的；C. healthy健康的；D. regular定期的。根据下文“Sleep patterns vary between different cultures”可知，睡眠习惯因文化而异，一晚睡两觉的睡眠习惯并不是全世界通行。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些文化没有固定的睡眠时间。A. distinctive特别的；B. flexible灵活的；C. normal正常的；D. fixed固定的。根据下文“People sleep for short periods throughout the day or night.”可知，有些人没有固定的睡眠时间。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：睡眠模式也因年龄而异。A. race种族；B. age年龄；C. space空间；D. season季节。根据下文“While older adults and pre­teens are　　16　　 happy with early mornings, teenagers have a　　17　　 of staying up late at night and getting up later.”可知，睡眠模式也因年龄而异。故选B。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然老年人和十几岁以下的人通常喜欢早起，但青少年有熬夜晚起的习惯。A. suddenly突然；B. hardly几乎不；C. generally通常地；D. gradually逐渐地。根据句中的让步关系以及下文“teenagers have a　　17　　 of staying up late at night and getting up later”可知，此处指虽然老年人和十几岁以下的人通常喜欢早起，但青少年有熬夜晚起的习惯。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fear害怕；B. habit习惯；C. chance机会；D. measure措施。根据下文“teenagers won’t get up in the mornings”可知，此处指青少年有晚睡晚起的习惯。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多现代家庭中，父母总是抱怨青少年早上不起床。A. complaining抱怨；B. persuading劝说；C. hearing听见；D. suspecting怀疑。根据下文“teenagers won’t get up in the mornings”可知，此处指青少年有晚睡晚起的习惯。根据下文“parents are always　　18　　 that teenagers won’t get up in the mornings”可知，父母总是抱怨青少年早上不起床。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：真的，这不要紧。A. work工作；B. occur发生；C. last持续；D. matter要紧。根据下文“Getting up late isn’t lazy.”可知，青少年们早上起得晚并非一件要紧的事。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许我们应该考虑一下我们的生物钟在告诉我们什么，当我们的身体说累了就睡觉。A. guess猜测；B. report报道；C. consider考虑；D. risk冒险。根据下文“what our body clock is telling us and sleep when our body says it’s tired”可知，我们应该考虑一下我们的生物钟在告诉我们该做的事情。故选C。
3.
36．B    37．D    38．A    39．B    40．D    41．C    42．B    43．A    44．B    45．D    46．C    47．A    48．D    49．A    50．B
【原文】本文是说明文。文章说明了做志愿服务让人更快乐、心理更健康并解释了这种现象的原因。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常是一个心地善良的群体，并且可以比不做志愿者的人得到更大的益处。A. weather-beaten饱经风霜的；B. kind-hearted心地善良的；C. nature-loving热爱自然的；D. good-looking好看的。根据上文“Many people are volunteering to help others.”可知，许多人愿意帮助他人，说明他们普遍是心地善良的群体。故选B项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究者表明志愿者并不仅仅帮助他们为之服务的团体。A. respect尊重；B. describe描述；C. analyze分析；D. serve服务。根据常识，志愿者参加的都是非营利性组织或团体，他们为这些组织团体服务。故选D项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对比不做志愿者的人，做志愿者的人更加满意于他们的生活并且评估他们的整体健康水平更好。A. Compared对比；B. Honored执行；C. Crowded拥挤；D. Related关联。 根据后文“people who volunteer are more ____4____ with their lives and rate their overall health as better.”可知，做志愿者的人有更多的益处，这个结论是和不做志愿者的人进行对比得出的。故选A项。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对比不做志愿者的人，做志愿者的人更加满意于他们的生活并且评估他们的整体健康水平更好。A. impressed留下印象；B. satisfied满足；C. bored无聊；D. concerned联系。根据后文“The researchers also found that people who started to volunteer became happier over time.”，做志愿者的人随着时间的推移更加幸福，推断出他们对自己的生活更加满意。故选B项。
40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些经常做志愿者的人感受更多的益处：据报道那些至少每个月做一次志愿者的人精神更健康，超过那些不经常做或不做志愿者的人。A. adventure冒险；B. operations操作；C. victories胜利；D. benefits益处。根据后文“Those who volunteered at least once a month reported better mental health”可知，那些做志愿者的人精神更健康，说明做志愿者的人受益更多。故选D项。
41．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那些经常做志愿者的人感受更多的益处：据报道那些至少每个月做一次志愿者的人精神更健康，超过那些不经常做或不做志愿者的人。A. informally非正式地；B. unavoidably不可避免地；C. infrequently稀少地；D. unworthily无价值地。根据前文“Those who volunteered at least once a month”和“than”推断出，此处要把至少每个月做一次志愿者的人和不做或少做志愿者的人进行对比。故选C项。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实是更幸福的人会花更多的时间做志愿活动，研究表明你不需要已经感到快乐才能从志愿服务中受益。A. simple简单的；B. true真的；C. strange奇怪的；D. important重要的。根据后文“happier people spend more time volunteering”可知，更幸福的人花更多时间做志愿者活动是客观事实，“真实的”符合题意。故选B项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，更幸福的人会花更多的时间做志愿活动，研究表明你不需要已经感到快乐才能从志愿服务中受益。A. feel感觉；B. sound听起来；C. keep保持；D. turn转向。根据常识，幸福是一种感觉，应用动词feel表示感受。故选A项。
44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上某项研究指出开始幸福感低的人可能从志愿活动中得到更好的幸福感的提升。A. put up提供；B. start out开始；C. show off炫耀；D. run away逃跑。根据前文“The researchers also found that people who started to volunteer became happier over time.”可知，研究者发现做志愿者的人们随着时间的推移会更幸福，推断出开始幸福感很低的人也会幸福感提升，start out意为“开始”，符合语境。故选B项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为什么志愿活动有助于精神健康？ A. manage经营；B. require要求；C. involve参与；D. support有助于。根据前文“Those who volunteered at least once a month reported better mental health”可知，志愿者活动让志愿者有更好的心理状态，推断出志愿者活动有助于心理健康。故选D项。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：各种因素的结合起到了一定作用。A. standards水平；B. activities活动；C. factors因素；D. patterns方式。根据后文“Volunteering appears to be naturally ____12____ -when we help others, we tend to experience a “warm glow(喜悦)”. Volunteering is also likely to help boost a sense of ____13____ connection.”可知，志愿者不仅活动有回报也可以帮助促进社交，说明志愿者活动有益处是因为各种因素的促进作用。故选C项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：志愿者活动是自然而然有回报的——当我们帮助他人我们趋向于经历“温暖的喜悦”。A. rewarding有回报的；B. difficult困难的；C. shocking震惊的；D. suitable合适的。根据后文“when we help others, we tend to experience a “warm glow(喜悦)”.”可知，我们在帮助他人时会经历温暖的喜悦感，这就是一种回报。 故选A项。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：志愿者活动也有可能帮助促进社交联系。A. romantic浪漫的；B. remote遥远的；    C. cultural文化的；D. social社交的。根据后文“In particular, for older adults, volunteering can be a way to stay connected to others after ____14____.”可知，对于老年退休者志愿者活动能让他们保持和他人的联系，推断出志愿者活动可以促进社交联系。故选D项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尤其对于老年人来说，志愿者活动是他们退休后和他人保持联系的一种方式。A. retirement退休；B. graduation毕业；C. consultation答问录；D. treatment治疗。根据常识可知，老年人在退休后有可能脱离社会和个人，“退休”符合题意。故选A项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，志愿者活动是一个帮助建立专业技巧和尝试领导能力的机会的一种方式。A. recognize意识到；B. build建立；C. research研究；D. match匹配。根据后文“and try out leadership opportunities”可知，志愿者活动给人们机会尝试全新的东西比如领导能力，推断出专业技巧也是可以通过志愿者活动建立起来。故选B项。
4.
51．B    52．A    53．D    54．A    55．D    56．B    57．B    58．D    59．A    60．C    61．C    62．D    63．A    64．C    65．B    66．D    67．A    68．C    69．B    70．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了芝加哥的一家专门为低收入人群提供日常工具出借服务的工具图书馆。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多生活在低收入地区的人无法获得所需的甚至是最基本的家庭装修材料。A. systems系统；B. materials材料；C. methods方法；D. spaces空白。根据下文“they need to make even the most  ____2____  home improvements.”可知，此处表示他们所需的家庭装修材料。故选B项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多生活在低收入地区的人无法获得所需的甚至是最基本的家庭装修材料。A. basic基本的；B. rapid快速的；C. obvious明显的；D. impressive给人印象深刻的。根据上文“Many people living in low-income areas don’t have access to the  ____1____  they need to make even the most”以及下文“Most can’t  ____3____  to buy pricey tools themselves, nor can they afford to  ____4____  someone else to repair their homes.”可知，许多生活在低收入地区的人无法获得甚至是最基本的家庭装修材料。故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人自己负担不起买昂贵的工具，也负担不起雇佣别人来修理他们的房子。A. promise承诺；B. hesitate犹豫；C. remember记住；D. afford负担得起。根据下文“to buy pricey tools themselves, nor can they afford to  ____4____  someone else to repair their homes.”可知，此处表示大多数人负担不起买昂贵的工具。故选D项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数人自己负担不起买昂贵的工具，也负担不起雇佣别人来修理他们的房子。A. employ雇佣；B. force强迫；C. teach教；D. persuade劝说。根据下文“someone else to repair their homes”可知，此处表示雇佣别人来修理房子。故选A项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它就像普通图书馆一样起作用，除了不是借书以外，人们可以借他们需要的有关房屋修理、木工、园艺、烹饪、露营、缝纫以及更多的工具。A. moves移动；B. changes改变；C. grows生长；D. functions起作用。根据下文“exactly like a regular library, except  ____6____  books, people can borrow tools they need for home  ____7____ , woodworking, gardening, cooking, camping, sewing, and more.”可知，此处表示工具图书馆像普通图书馆一样起作用。故选D项。
56．考查介词短语辨析。句意：它就像普通图书馆一样起作用，除了不是借书以外，人们可以借他们需要的有关房屋修理、木工、园艺、烹饪、露营、缝纫以及更多的工具。A. regardless of不考虑；B. instead of而不是；C. thanks to幸亏；D. according to根据。根据上文“It  ____5____  exactly like a regular library, except”以及语境可知，工具图书馆与普通图书馆一样起作用，但是人们借的是工具而不是书。故选B项。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它就像普通图书馆一样起作用，除了不是借书以外，人们可以借他们需要的有关房屋修理、木工、园艺、烹饪、露营、缝纫以及更多的工具。A. games游戏；B. repairs修理；C. sales销售；D. furnishings家具。根据下文“woodworking, gardening, cooking, camping, sewing, and more”以及语境可知，此处表示有关房屋修理的工具。故选B项。
58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们注册一张图书馆卡，而且这里的年费没有支付标准，也没有最低限额。A. dress up打扮；B. make up组成；C. clean up清理；D. sign up注册。根据下文“for a library card, and there’s a pay-what-you-can annual fee with no standard or minimum payments.”可知，此处表示人们注册图书馆卡。故选D项。
59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：会员可以借尽可能多的工具，并持有七天，如果需要更多时间，可以延长期限。A. Members成员；B. Professionals专业人员；C. Volunteers志愿者；D. Partners合作伙伴。根据上文“People  ____8____  for a library card,”可知，此处表示人们注册图书馆卡成为会员后，可以借工具。故选A项。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：会员可以借尽可能多的工具，并持有七天，如果需要更多时间，可以延长期限。A. books书；B. clothes衣服；C. tools工具；D. toys玩具。根据上文“people can borrow tools they need for home  ____7____ , woodworking, gardening, cooking, camping, sewing, and more.”可知，此处表示会员可以借尽可能多的工具。故选C项。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当图书馆开始启动时，他们有大约150名成员。A. showed显示；B. tried尝试；C. started启动；D. closed关闭。根据上文“first”以及下文“During the pandemic (流行病) when more people were home, their membership increased ____12____ .”可知，此处表示当工具图书馆开始启动时。故选C项。
62．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在大流行病期间，当更多的人在家时，他们的会员数量大幅增加。A. slightly轻微地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. irregularly不规则地；D. considerably非常。根据下文“They now have over 1,500 members from all over the Chicago area”可知，大流行病期间，会员数量大幅增加。故选D项。
63．考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，他们的发展速度如此之快，以至于不得不拒绝工具捐赠。A. turn down拒绝；B. ask for要求；C. find out找出；D. depend on依靠。根据上文“and more than 2,500 tools to choose from. In fact, they’re growing so fast that they’ve had to”可知，此处表示他们发展速度很快，不得不拒绝工具捐赠。故选A项。
64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以现在他们正在寻找一座更大的建筑来容纳“两倍多的工具”。A. cheaper更便宜的；B. lower更低的；C. larger更大的；D. warmer更暖和的。根据下文“building to hold “twice as many tools””可知，他们要寻找更大的建筑物来容纳更多的工具。故选C项。
65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们还没有找到完美的扩张空间，但他们正在寻找一个从交通系统很容易到达的地方，让更多的人可以使用他们的产品。A. empty空的；B. perfect完美的；C. extra额外的；D. secret秘密的。根据下文“expansion space yet”以及转折关系可知，此处表示他们还没找到完美的扩张空间。故选B项。
66．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们还没有找到完美的扩张空间，但他们正在寻找一个从交通系统很容易到达的地方，让更多的人可以使用他们的产品。A. replaceable可替换的；B. identifiable可识别的；C. predictable可预测的；D. accessible可到达的，易接近的。根据下文“to make their  ____17____  available to even more people.”可知，此处表示寻找交通系统容易到达的地方。故选D项。
67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还没有找到完美的扩张空间，但他们正在寻找一个从交通系统很容易到达的地方，让更多的人可以使用他们的产品。A. offerings产品；B. trips旅行；C. reports报告；D. inventions发明。根据上文“people can borrow tools they need for home  ____7____ , woodworking, gardening, cooking, camping, sewing, and more.”可知，人们可以从工具图书馆借工具，这是工具图书馆为人们提供的产品。故选A项。
68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多好的一个想法啊！A. ridiculous荒唐的；B. clear清楚的；C. fantastic极好的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“It is also putting a new twist (转变) on a(n)  ____19____  concept, all to bring more  ____20____  to their community.”可知，这是一个很好的想法。故选C项。
69．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这也是对旧概念的一个新的转变，所有这些都是为了给他们的社区带来更多的公平。A. abstract抽象的；B. old旧的；C. similar类似的；D. simple简单的。根据上文“It is also putting a new twist”可知，此处表示对旧的概念的一个新的改变。故选B项。
70．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是对旧概念的一个新的转变，所有这些都是为了给他们的社区带来更多的公平。A. balance平衡；B. confidence自信；C. pressure压力；D. fairness公平。根据上文“Most can’t  ____3____  to buy pricey tools themselves, nor can they afford to  ____4____  someone else to repair their homes. That’s where the Chicago Tool Library comes in!”以及语境可知，工具图书馆为负担不起工具的人带去便利，为社区带来更多公平。故选D项。
5.
71．B    72．C    73．A    74．C    75．B    76．D    77．A    78．A    79．B    80．A    81．B    82．C    83．A    84．C    85．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者喜欢在户外徒步行走，而自己的家乡景色优美，有很多可供选择的路线。文章主要介绍了作者家乡的一些美丽景色。
71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我被建筑物包围太久，我会有点焦虑。A. crowded拥挤；B. surrounded围绕；C. impressed使留下深刻印象；D. involved涉及；卷入。上文“It’s hard to put into words how much of a sense of freedom I get from being outdoors and in the wilderness.”和下文“by buildings for too long, I get a bit anxious.”可知，作者喜欢从户外和荒野中获得的自由感，所以当被建筑物包围时，会感到焦虑，故选B。
72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要看到一片田野，一条河流或一座山出现在我面前。A. disappearing消失；B. revealing揭示；C. emerging出现；D. floating漂浮。由上文“I need to see a field, a river or a mountain”以及上面提到作者被大楼包围时，会感到焦虑，所以作者需要看到一片田野，一条河流或一座山出现在面前，故选C。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在户外度过一天是一种美妙的体验，我最喜欢的就是在户外度过一天的最后时刻，感受一次长途步行带来的腿部疼痛。A. experience经验；体验；B. expectation期望；C. arrangement安排；D. ambition雄心。由上文“Spending time outdoors is a wonderful”可知，作者认为在户外度过一天是一种很好的体验，故选A。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在户外度过一天是一种美妙的体验，我最喜欢的就是在户外度过一天的最后时刻，感受一次长途步行带来的腿部疼痛。A. doubting怀疑；B. curing治愈；C. feeling感觉；感受；D. removing移除。由上文“getting to the end of a day spent outdoors”和下文“the ache in my legs from a long walk”可知，作者喜欢在户外度过一天后感受长途步行带来的腿部疼痛，故选C。
75．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我入睡，比在健身房训练有益得多。A. harmful有害的；B. beneficial有益的；C. graceful感激的；D. pitiful遗憾的。由上文“It helps me sleep”可知，长途步行带来的腿部疼痛让作者入睡，说明对于作者来说，这是有好处的，所以此处指这要比在健身房训练有益得多，故选B。
76．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在英国有很多令人惊叹的步行路线可供选择。A. powerful强大的；B. grateful感激的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. amazing惊人的；令人惊叹的。上文提到作者喜欢在户外长途步行，所以此处指可供选择的这些步行路线是令人惊叹的，故选D。
77．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相对而言，我们生活在一个小岛上，但我们这里的风景可以轻松媲美世界上最美的一些景色。A. rivals比得上；B. highlights强调；C. escapes逃脱；D. explores探索。此处是将作者家乡的景色和世界上最美的风景相比，作者认为这里的风景可以轻松媲美世界上最美的一些景色，故选A。
78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们非常幸运: 在我们家门口，我们有海滩，河流，山丘和高山。A. lucky幸运的；B. tense紧张的；C. certain确定的；D. tough艰难的。由下文“on our doorstep we have beaches,rivers, hills and mountains.”和上文提到作者家乡的风景可以轻松媲美世界上最美的一些景色可知，作者在家门口就能欣赏到这些美景，所以感到很幸运，故选A。
79．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：由于光线和天气，同样的步行在一年内的不同时间的感受是非常不同的。A. picking up拾起来；B. depending on依靠；取决于；C. contrasting with与……形成对比；D. getting over克服。由下文“the time of year you do it”可知，一年内不同的时间决定了同样的步行旅途的感受是非常不同的，故选B。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是无论是什么季节，我都会推荐西约克郡Ilk-ley沼泽地上的Cow and Calf Rocks。A. season季节；B. custom习俗；C. emotion感情；D. response回应。上文提到季节不同人们旅行时的感受是不同的，结合but可知，前后是转折关系，此处指无论是什么季节，作者都会推荐西约克郡Ilk-ley沼泽地上的Cow and Calf Rocks，故选A。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：攀登这些岩石是一个相当大的挑战，这就是为什么攀登岩石感觉比正常的步行更大胆，因为这让你兴奋，从沿着好走的道路步行你是不会有这种感受的。A. curiosity好奇心；B. excitement兴奋；C. encouragement鼓励；D. indication指示。由上文“It’s quite a challenge climbing them, which is why doing so feels more daring than a normal walk”和下文“that you don’t get from following a gentle path”可知，攀登岩石与走一条好走的小路是不一样的，因为攀登岩石这会让你感觉更大胆，更兴奋，故选B。
82．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果你想锻炼，以及呼吸新鲜的空气，让你有机会获得登高，且看到一年四季都在变化的景色，那么这是完美的选择。A. put on穿上；B. give off发出；C. take in吸收；接受；一眼看清；D. set up建立。由上文“It’s perfect if you want a workout as well as fresh air and gives you the chance to get up high and”可知，此处指看到一年四季都在变化的的景色，故选C。
83．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：位于西约克郡的Otley Chevin是另一个具有挑战性的攀登，它提供了美丽的风景。A. challenging有挑战性的；B. exhausting使人筋疲力尽的；C. moving令人感到的；D. annoying令人恼怒的。由上文“It’s quite a challenge climbing them”和下文“like Cow and Calf Rocks”可知，上文介绍了攀登Cow and Calf Rocks是具有挑战性的，此处是介绍像Cow and Calf Rocks一样具有挑战性的另外一个攀岩，故选A。
84．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像Cow and Calf Rocks一样，它离附近的小镇很近。A. limit限制；B. center中心；C. reach伸手可及的距离；D. distance距离。由上文“within easy”和下文“of the nearby town”可知，此处指Otley Chevin离附近的小镇很近，within reach固定搭配，意为“在附近”，故选C。
85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从小就在这些山上走，无论什么天气，什么季节，我觉得没有什么比在大山上走是更特别的了，它能让你的肺部燃烧，让你看到一个你从未见过的景色。A. regular有规律的；B. remote遥远的；C. obvious显然的；D. special特别的。由下文“than a big hill walk that gets your lungs burning and brings you to a       view you’ve never seen before.”可知，在山上行走，能让你的肺部燃烧，让你看到一个你从未见过的景色，这是很特别的，故选D。
6.
86．D    87．C    88．D    89．A    90．A    91．B    92．C    93．A    94．C    95．A    96．D    97．B    98．B    99．D    100．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种心理现象：总觉得自己没有什么作为，并提出了应对方法。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为我已经16岁了，这辈子什么都没有成就。A. created创造；B. learned学习；C. found发现；D. achieved实现。根据下文“The feeling of not achieving adequately is　　2　　”可知，此处说的是作者觉得自己已经16岁了，却一事无成。故选D项。
87．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有充分实现的感觉是很常见的：即使是最成功的人，有时也会觉得自己是个失败者。A. different不同的；B. right正确的；C. common常见的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据下文“Even the most successful people can feel like　　3　　at times.”可知，甚至最成功的人也可能会觉得自己是失败者，所以这种一无所成的感觉很普遍。故选C项。
88．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第2题详解。A. strangers陌生人；B. advocates拥护者；C. victims遇难者；D. failures失败者。根据上文“Even”可知，此处为进一步说明：即使成功人士也会觉得自己有时是失败者。故选D项。
89．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目标和愿望是积极的。A. positive积极的；B. necessary必要的；C. amusing令人高兴的；D. simple简单的。根据上文“Goals and desires to achieve something great”可知，这里指目标和想成就一些大事的欲望，它们应该是积极的。故选A项。
90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果我们经常被这种感觉所影响，这会导致不健康的思想。A. consumed消耗；B. defined下定义；C. judged评判；D. attracted吸引。根据下文“this can lead to unhealthy thoughts”可知，如果我们经常被这样的感觉所影响，就会产生不健康的想法。be consumed by...意为“被....影响，充满....”，符合句意。故选A项。
91．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，幸运的是，通过经验和态度的改变，我能够控制负面情绪并向前迈进。A. suddenly突然；B. fortunately幸运地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. effortlessly毫不费力地。根据下文“through experience and an attitude change, I have been able to keep negative feelings under control”可知，作者身上发生了积极的改变，这对作者来说是幸运的事情。故选B项。
92．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. turn around转身；B. go away走开；C. move forward前进；D. give in屈服。根据上文“and”可知，这里表示并列或顺承，因此and之后应为与keep negative feelings under control意义类似或顺承的短语，move forward前进，符合语境。故选C项。
93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们常常忘记我们的成功，我们可能取得了比我们意识到的更多的成就。A. forget忘记；B. celebrate庆祝；C. measure测量；D. guarantee确保。根据下文“reminder”可知，我们经常忘记自己的成功。故选A项。
94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第8题详解。A. get得到；B. promise承诺；C. realize意识到；D. express表达。根据下文“Write down the small achievements”可知，这里指很可能我们达成的成就比自己意识到的更多。故选C项。
95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对你所做的事情的视觉提醒可以产生奇迹，让你自信。A. confident自信的；B. faithful忠实的；C. independent独立的；D. ambitious有抱负的。根据上文“A visual reminder of what you’ve done can work wonders”可知，原本我们觉得自己没什么成就，因此感到沮丧，现在提醒自己有所成就，就会感觉自信。故选A项。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种方法是拥有你的生活啦啦队队长。A. coaches教练；B. caretakers管理员；C. advisors顾问；D. cheerleaders啦啦队队长。根据下文“So what’s important is to　　13　　at least one friend that is your cheerleader.”可知，要有一个为你欢呼鼓劲的人。故选D项。
97．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也许是你缺乏信心的源头。A. reflection反射；B. source来源；C. result结果；D. description描述。根据上文“You may have friends and family that may be the hard-to-please types.”可知，那种很难取悦的类型的朋友或者家人是缺乏信心的源头。故选B项。
98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，最重要的是，至少要有一个朋友是你的啦啦队队长。A. tell告诉；B. have有；C. call喊叫；D. invite邀请。根据上文“Another way is to have your life　　11　　.”和下文“We all need that person who will always see the silver lining instead of the dark cloud.”可知，这里指至少要有一个朋友是为你加油鼓劲的人。故选B项。
99．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活不是一场竞争，尽管有些人会让你相信这一点。A. journey旅行；B. dream梦想；C. story故事；D. competition竞争。根据下文“It can be a lifelong process”可知，生活可以是一个终生的过程，所以它不是一场竞赛。故选D项。
100．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这可能是一个终生的过程，让你不会认为自己在生活中做得不够。A. early早地；B. enough足够地；C. firmly牢固地；D. fast快地。根据上文“The feeling of not achieving adequately”可知，这里指生活可以是一个终生的过程，所以在这个过程中，你就不会认为自己在生活中做得不够。故选B项。