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2022-2023学年甘肃省定西一中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)
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这是一份2022-2023学年甘肃省定西一中高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共17页。
2022-2023学年甘肃省定西一中高一（上）期末英语试卷
A
Famous Modern Chinese Buildings
Beijing International Airport
The first place most visitors see when they arrive in China is Beijing International Airport.The airport was constructed in the 1950s.It has an indoor garden，a children's playground，and over 70 food businesses in Terminal 3 alone.
Shanghai World Financial Center
Completed in 2008，SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and construction delays.Since its completion，it has won countless architectural awards.
Tourists are welcome at SWFC's viewing platform，which at 474 meters above ground is the worlds highest closed viewing platform.
The Water Cube
It was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics.Now visitors can express surprise at the architecture of the building.They can enjoy the indoor atmosphere as well.
Among the offerings of the Water Cube are a restaurant and bar，a shopping area，and Water World，a family water park
The Bird's Nest，Beijing
It was designed mainly for the 2008 Summer Olympics.It can hold up to 80，000 people and has been used for a winter theme park.Nowadays，its main income is as a tourist attraction.It draws more than 20，000 tourists every day.
National Center for the Performing Arts
It was completed in 2007.The building is surrounded by a man-made lake，requiring guests to enter via an underground hallway.It is home to an Opera Hall，Music Hall，and Theater.
1. Which of the following buildings was first constructed？ ______
A. Beijing International Airport. B. Shanghai World Financial Center.
C. The Water Cube. D. The Birds Nest，Beijing.
2. Why was the construction of Shanghai World Financial Center delayed？ ______
A. It needed more construction workers.
B. It was short of money.
C. It added an extra viewing-platform.
D. It faced too much terrible weather.
3. How does the bird's Nest operate daily？ ______
A. By renting the winter theme park.
B. By increasing its opening time.
C. By charging tourists for admission fees.
D. By giving some live concerts.
4. What can you do in National Center for the Performing Art？ ______
A. Enjoy sports events. B. Play musical instruments.
C. Attend science lectures. D. Watch different performances.
B
An old man lived in a certain part of London，and he would wake up every morning and go to the subway．He would get the train right to Central London，and then sit at the street corner and beg．He would do this every single day of his life．He sat at the same street corner and begged for almost 20years．
His house was dirty，and the bad smell coming out of the house was horrible．The neighbors could not stand the smell any more，so they asked the police officers to clear the place．The officers knocked down the door and cleaned the house．There were small bags of money all over the house that he had collected over the years．
The police counted the money，and they soon realized that the old man was a millionaire （百万富翁）．They waited outside his house expecting to share the good news with him．When the old man arrived home that evening，one of the officers told him that there was no need for him to beg any more as he was a rich man now，a millionaire．
But the old man said nothing at all； he went into his house and locked the door．The next morning he woke up as usual，went to the subway，got into the train and sat at the street corner and continued to beg．
Clearly，this old man had no great plans，dreams or anything significant for his life．We learn nothing from this story other than staying focused on the things we enjoy doing．What makes us happy is what matters in the end，not what we acquire．
5. Why did the police officers clear the old man's house？ ______
A. Because the old man had no time to clear it himself．
B. Because the neighbors of the old man asked them to do．
C. Because they couldn't stand the terrible smell．
D. Because the police officers were kind-hearted．
6. The police officers stood outside the old man's house in order to ______ ．
A. Tell the old man that they knocked down his door
B. Ask the old man to clean his dirty house
C. Make the old man count the money in small bags．
D. Tell the old man that he was a millionaire．
7. What did the old man do after the police officer told him the news？ ______
A. He did what he usually did the next day．
B. He stayed at home doing nothing．
C. He locked the door and went to the subway at once．
D. He sat in front of his house and continued to beg．
8. From the story we can infer that ______ ．
A. the old man cared about nothing but money
B. the old man wanted to do what he enjoyed doing
C. the policemen would take away all the money．
D. the old man would not beg any more．
C
If you live near a deep forest，you might have come across some wildlife animals hiding in your backyard，but nothing beats the surprise this woman got when she found three baby deer hiding in her house to wait out the storm.
The woman then posted several photos of the baby deer taking refuge （避难） in one of her rooms on her Imgur account "Amscolie".She wrote that it was a very stormy day and a rainstorm was coming so she left her back door open just in case some animals wanted to take refuge in her house.In the meantime，she went out in the storm to check whether there were any animals that were stuck in the bad weather，especially a number of deer.However，she could not find any of them so she went back to her home.
Surprisingly，she found that the deer had already made their way inside her house!
Like many other animals，deer too can predict stormy weather and know when it is best to find a shelter from the dangerous weather.As the back door was opened，she did not notice when the deer entered her house.The three lovely baby deer made their way inside but there was no sight of their parents.The woman did try to find if there was any deer nearby her house but .The woman thought that the baby deer might have lost their parents so she welcomed them with open arms.
"I raise orphaned（孤儿的） wildlife.Recently，the back door was open as a storm was coming.The deer were nowhere to be found.I went inside，only to see them next to an end table in the living room.I told them they could sleep in the house for the night because the weather was going to be terrible，" the woman wrote on Little Things.com.
9. How did the baby deer enter the woman's house？ ______
A. The woman invited them in.
B. The woman led them in.
C. They entered through the back door.
D. They entered through the window.
10. What do we know about the woman from paragraph 2 ？ ______
A. She raises deer in her own house.
B. She lost her deer on a stormy night.
C. she is devoted to protecting wildlife.
D. She hardly came across wild animals.
11. Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase "to no avail" in paragraph 4 ？ ______
A. Failed B. Resigned C. Missed. D. Disappeared.
12. Why were the deer found in the woman's living room？ ______
A. They were hungry
B. Their parents lost them on purpose
C. They were being hunted
D. Bad weather forced them to find a shelter
D
A warmer global climate will certainly mean more than just more sweat!It may，for example，change wind and rain patterns and it may lead to rising sea levels.These changes will affect plant and animal life as well as human health.The future climate will be determined partly by how many greenhouse gases are emitted（散发）.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） has identified（识别） how much we can expect the climate to change.According to the IPCC，if we don't take action to limit emissions of greenhouse gases，by 2100 we can expect the mean surface temperature to increase by （1.4-58 C） compared to 1990 the sea level to rise between 9 and 88 cm 5-20% more rain and snow.
The reason why scientists do not know whether the temperature will increase by a little more than one degree or up to six degrees is that，first，they do not know how many greenhouse gases will be emitted in the future，and second it is still uncertain how sensitive （敏感的） the climate on Earth is to emissions of greenhouse gases
Moreover，the above figures are averages （平均值）for the entire planet.This means that some places may become much warmer，while others may change little，or even become cooler.But the degree of climate change that a certain country faces has little to do with how many greenhouses gases have been emitted.Greenhouse gases are well mixed with the other gases in the air.After they are emitted，they do not stay in the same place，but spread throughout the atmosphere.Once they are there they stay a long time.This is why it is not true that the biggest emitters will suffer the biggest climate changes.The most serious results of an increased greenhouse effect are just as likely to show up in places far away from where the emissions began.
13. Global warming will lead to ______
A. higher sea levels B. a good harvest
C. a changeable economy D. greenhouse gases
14. The reason for not knowing an accurate change in the temperature is that ______ .
A. the scientists haven't found a way to measure it
B. the temperature is so changeable that we can not measure it
C. the scientists are not sure about the number of the greenhouse gases that will be emitted
D. there have been few changes in recent years
15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. The whole planet will become warmer and warmer
B. The mixed air will stay in the same place
C. The biggest changes always happen in the cities which are the biggest emitters
D. It is possible that greenhouse gases will have effects on faraway places
How to Raise Money for Your Favorite Charity At the end of the year， we are often inspired to do more for people in need． (1) Don't worry． Here's a quick and easy tip-list to make such a worthy act successful．
• (2) You need to make sure that both you and your participants enjoy the event． So keep it simple and make sure that you add some fun， whether it's special decoration， a bag for each participant or guest， or a special theme．
• Get team support． (3) Teamwork may give you some new ideas and help give a unique feature to your event． Make sure that you break down the work among your team．
• Plan for the "what-ifs？" If you are planning to hold an event outdoors， or if you are relying on a famous person as a guest of honor， make sure you think of a few possible alternatives． (4) This is the key to successful event planning．
• Timing is everything． Check your community calendar to make sure there are no important community events on the day when you are planning your event． You might need to check with other communities or non-profit organizations nearby． (5)
• Check out your favorite charity's website for ideas． Many websites offer advice on how to raise money． For example， the human rights charity Amnesty International lists events and ideas on its website．
A． Tell the charity about the event．
B． Keep it fun and simple．
C． Turn to your teammates for some creative ideas．
D． Have no idea of where to begin？
E． Try to pick the date that will bring in the best attendance．
F． Remember to thank anyone who has donated．
G． What if it starts raining or if your honored guest doesn't show up？
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
I think that sleeping is the most wonderful thing in the world.While asleep，I do nothing but close my eyes，(21) all my work behind.In fact，I have to get up early (22) every morning.
My classes begin at 8：00，but the teacher asks us to arrive before 7：15，so we have (23) time to prepare for the class.If you are late，you will (24) one point.And when you reach 10 points， (25) visit to school will be demanded. (26) I think it's silly，I still don't want to lose any point.
One morning，my alarm clock (27) .I woke up and found that it was already 7：00.Even worse I lost six points in a (28)， that is to say，I was late every day that week.My teacher said that he now (29) me to be late again.My friends joked that my (30) was coming soon.I finally (31) to do something.I bought a new alarm clock.It sings songs for five minutes before I shut it (32) .
It's perfect for a (33) cat like me.The first time I used it I (34) got up at 6：00 the next morning. (35) of myself，I took a deep breath and found that the early morning air is surprisingly (36) .I did some reading， (37) that English is really beautiful.
I hadn't (38) before that the morning was so wonderful.
From that I've learned sometimes we should break our (39) .You may find that a new way can (40) things for the better.
21. A. having B. leaving C. falling D. putting
22. A. always B. only C. almost D. especially
23. A. enough B. plenty C. no D. any
24. A. forget B. lose C. win D. give
25. A. students' B. friends' C. teachers' D. parents'
26. A. As B. When C. If D. Though
27. A. failed B. lied C. sounded D. knocked
28. A. class B. day C. week D. line
29. A. hoped B. expected C. agreed D. told
30. A. exam B. mistake C. duty D. day
31. A. decided B. stopped C. offered D. tried
32. A. up B. off C. on D. away
33. A. lazy B. busy C. beautiful D. clever
34. A. early B. really C. successfully D. suddenly
35. A. Tired B. Helpful C. Proud D. Pleased
36. A. cool B. warm C. dull D. fresh
37. A. finding B. thinking C. wondering D. making
38. A. got B. done C. realized D. organized
39. A. habits B. promise C. dream D. life
40. A. cause B. change C. introduce D. turn
41. Once there lived a rich man (1) wanted to do something for the people of his town.But first he wanted to find out (2) they deserved his help.
In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed a very large stone.Then he hid behind a tree and waited.Soon (3) old man came along with his cow.
"Who put this stone in the centre of the road？" said the old man，but he did not try (4) （remove） the stone.Instead，although he had some (5) （ difficult） in passing around the stone ，he passed and continued on his way.Another man came along and did the same thing；then another came，and another.All of them complained (6) （ angry） about the stone but not tried to remove it .Late in the afternoon a young man came along.He saw the stone，saying to (7) （ he） The night will be very dark.If some neighbors come along later in the dark，they (8) （ influence） by the stone."
Then he began to move the stone.He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it. (9)
great his surprise was at last!Under the stone，he found a bag of money.On the bag were some words：Here is the gift (10) （ belong） to a kind person.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 注意：（ 1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Alice is my best friend，that is a hardworking and caring girl.She devotes many energy to her lessons.She is always one of the top student in our class.She loves music so very much that she made it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time.Alice is always helping others，and she often helps us with our lessons.Like a volunteer，she has successful organized some voluntary activities.We paid a visit a nursing home last month，so we picked up rubbish near our school.That we did was warmly welcomed.Win honor for our school，Alice is well known to our classmates.
(1)
(2)
43. 假定你是李华，得知你校招聘新闻广播员（newsreader），你有意应聘，请按下面要点给学校负责人刘老师写一封申请信。
（1）表示感兴趣。
（2）说明优势：普通话（standard Chinese），知识面，合作精神，相关经历；
（3）希望得到回复。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】A、B、C、D
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段Beijing International Airport-The airport was constructed in the 1950s. 北京国际机场修建于20世纪50年代；Shanghai World Financial Center-Completed in 2008.上海世贸中心完工于2008年；The Water Cube-It was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics.水立方是为北京2008年夏季奥运会建造的；The Bird's Nest，Beijing- It was designed mainly for the 2008 Summer Olympics.它主要是为2008年夏季奥运会设计的；National Center for the Performing Arts- It was completed in 2007.它完工于2007年。可知，修建于20世纪50年代的北京国际机场是最早的建筑，故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段Shanghai World Financial Center 介绍内容Completed in 2008 ，SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and construction delays. 该金融中心大厦于2008年完工，由于资金短缺和施工延误，SWFC用了10年多的时间才完工。可知，由于资金短缺Shanghai World Financial Center 的建设拖延，故选B。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第四段The Bird's Nest ，Beijing介绍内容Nowadays，its main income is as a tourist attraction. 可知，鸟巢向游客收取入场费来维持日常运作，故选C。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段National Center for the Performing Arts 介绍内容It is home to an Opera Hall ，Music Hall ，and Theater. 它是歌剧院、音乐厅和剧院的所在地。可知，在国家表演艺术中心人们可以观看不同的演出，故选D。
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了五个著名现代中国建筑，分别说明了其特点和作用。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
5~8.【答案】B、D、A、B
【解析】28．B．细节推理题．根据第二段His house was dirty，and the bad smell coming out of the house was horrible．The neighbors could not stand the smell any more，so they asked the police officers to clear theplace．可知老人的房子又脏有味，邻居无法忍受所以让警察来清理，故选B．
29．D．细节推理题． 根据第三段They waited outside his house expecting to share the good news with him．可知警察等老人回来是为了告诉他不用再去乞讨，他是百万富翁．故选D．
30．A．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段But the old man said nothing at all； he went into his house and lockedthe door．The next morning he woke up as usual，went to the subway，got into the train and sat at the street corner and continued to beg．可知老人毫无改变，依然去乞讨．故选A．
31．B．根据文章最后一段We learn nothing from this story other than staying focused on the things we enjoy doing．What makes us happy is what matters in the end，not what we acquire．可知老人在乎的不是钱，而是做喜欢做的事．故选B．
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了一个乞讨的老人整天忙于乞讨，结果却是自己是百万富翁．但老人知道后毫无改变依旧每天去乞讨．
考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
9~12.【答案】C、C、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段She wrote that it was a very stormy day and a rainstorm was coming so she left her back door open just in case some animals wanted to take refuge in her house.（她写道，那天暴风雨很大，暴风雨就要来了，所以她把后门开着，以防有动物想在她的房子里避难。）可知小鹿从后门进入了女人的房子。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据s第二段中的She wrote that it was a very stormy day and a rainstorm was coming so she left her back door open just in case some animals wanted to take refuge in her house.In the meantime，she went out in the storm to check whether there were any animals that were stuck in the bad weather，especially a number of deer.（她写道，那天暴风雨很大，暴风雨就要来了，所以她把后门开着，以防有动物想在她的房子里避难。与此同时，她在暴风雨中出去查看是否有动物被困在恶劣的天气里，特别是一些鹿。）可知她致力于保护野生动物。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的The three lovely baby deer made their way inside but there was no sight of their parents.The woman did try to find if there was any deer nearby her house but .（三只可爱的小鹿走了进去，但没有看到它们的父母。这名妇女确实试图寻找她家附近是否有鹿，但无济于事。）可知划线部分表达的意思是"无济于事"，结合选项A.Failed失败，未能做到；B.Resigned辞职；C.Missed想念，错过；D.Disappeared消失。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I went inside，only to see them next to an end table in the living room.（我走进房里，看见它们在客厅桌子旁边。）可推测出鹿被发现在女人的客厅里，因为他们饿了。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个女人致力于保护野生动物的故事，在暴风雨即将来临的时候，她发现三只小鹿躲进了她的屋子里，她拍下照片并上传至网络引发大家关注。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
13~15.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段A warmer global climate will certainly mean more than just more sweat!It may，for example，change wind and rain patterns and it may lead to rising sea levels.（全球气候变暖当然不仅仅意味着更多的汗水！例如，它可能改变风和雨的模式，并可能导致海平面上升。）可知，全球变暖将导致较高的海平面。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The reason why scientists do not know whether the temperature will increase by a little more than one degree or up to six degrees is that，first，they do not know how many greenhouse gases will be emitted in the future，and second it is still uncertain how sensitive the climate on Earth is to emissions of greenhouse gases. （科学家们之所以不知道气温会上升一度多一点还是高达六度，是因为，首先，他们不知道未来会排放多少温室气体，其次，还不确定地球上的气候对温室气体的排放有多敏感。）可知，不知道温度准确变化的原因是科学家们不确定未来会排放多少温室气体。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段The most serious results of an increased greenhouse effect are just as likely to show up in places far away from where the emissions began.（温室效应加剧的最严重后果同样可能出现在远离排放源的地方。）可知，温室气体带来的后果可能会影响远离排放源的地方，即温室气体可能会对遥远的地方产生影响。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了温室气体的排放对气候及整个星球的影响。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】D、B、C、G、E
【解析】1-5 DBCGE
1．D．细节理解题．根据"At the end of the year， we are often inspired to do more for people in need．在年底，我们常常受到鼓舞，为需要帮助的人做更多的事情．"可知此处应填"不知道从哪里开始"．故选D．
2．B．细节理解题．根据"You need to make sure that both you and your participants enjoy the event你需要确保你和你的参与者都喜欢这个活动"可知此处应填"你可能需要与附近的其他社区或非营利组织联系"．故选B．
3．C．推理判断题．根据"Get team support．得到团队的支持"可知此处应填"向你的队友寻求一些创造性的想法．"．故选C．
4．G．推理判断题．根据"This is the key to successful event planning．这是成功事件计划的关键．"可知此处应填"如果天下起雨来，或者你的贵宾没有出现怎么办"．故选G．
5．E．推理判断题．根据"You might need to check with other communities or non-profit organizations nearby你可能需要与附近的其他社区或非营利组织联系"可知此处应填"试着选择一个能吸引最多观众的日期"．故选E．
本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了在年底，我们常常受到鼓舞，为需要帮助的人做更多的事情．不知道从哪里开始？别担心．这里有一个快速而简单的提示列表，让这样一个有价值的行为成功．
阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
21~40.【答案】B、C、A、B、D、D、A、C、B、D、A、B、A、C、C、D、A、C、A、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.having有；B.leaving留下；C.falling下降；D.putting放。句意：睡觉时，我什么也不做，只闭上眼睛，把所有的工作都抛在脑后。根据下文"all my work behind"可知，此处表示将所有工作都抛下，leave behind表示"抛下"。故选B项。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.always总是；B.only只有；C.almost几乎；D.especially尤其。句意：事实上，我几乎每天早上都要早起。根据下文"My classes begin at 8：00，but the teacher asks us to arrive before 7：15，so we have（3）time to prepare for the class."可知是每天都要早起。故选C项。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.enough足够的；B.plenty足够的；C.no没有的；D.any任何。句意：我8点开始上课，但老师要求我们在7点15分之前到达，所以我们有足够的时间为课程做准备。根据上文"My classes begin at 8：00，but the teacher asks us to arrive before 7：15"可知有足够的时间，enough time表示"足够的时间"，plenty of time表示"足够的时间"。故选A项。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.forget忘记；B.lose失去；C.win赢得；D.give给。句意：如果你迟到了，你将失去一分。根据上文"If you are late，"可知是"失去"。故选B项。
（5）考查名词所有格及语境理解。A.students'学生的；B.friends'朋友的；C.teachers'教师的；D.parents'父母的。句意：当你达到10分时，家长会被要求去学校。根据上文"If you are late，you will（4）one point.And when you reach 10 points，"家长会被要求去学校。故选D项。
（6）考查连词及语境理解。A.As随着；B.When当……时；C.If如果；D.Though虽然。句意：虽然我觉得这很愚蠢，但我仍然不想失去任何一分。根据下文"I think it's silly，I still don't want to lose any point."可知是"虽然"。故选D项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.failed出故障；B.lied说谎；C.sounded听起来；D.knocked敲。句意：一天早上，我的闹钟坏了。根据下文"I woke up and found that it was already 7：00."可推知，闹钟出故障了。故选A项。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.class课；B.day天；C.week周；D.line线。句意：更糟糕的是，我在一周内丢了六分，也就是说，那一周我每天都迟到。根据下文"that is to say，I was late every day that week."可知是"一周"。故选C项。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.hoped希望；B.expected预期；C.agreed同意；D.told告诉。句意：我的老师说他现在预计我会再次迟到。根据下文"me to be late again."是"预期"。故选B项。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.exam考试；B.mistake错误；C.duty职责；D.day重大日子。句意：我的朋友开玩笑说我的日子很快就要到了。根据上文"And when you reach 10 points， （5）visit to school will be demanded."以及"Even worse，I lost six points in a （8），that is to say，I was late every day that week."可知，此处表示作者的朋友开玩笑说作者的家长来学校的日子很快就要到了。故选D项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.decided决定；B.stopped停止；C.offered提供；D.tried尝试。句意：我终于决定做点什么。根据下文"I bought a new alarm clock."可知，作者决定做些什么。故选A项。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.up向上；B.off关掉；C.on穿着；D.away向远处。句意：它响了五分钟歌，然后我把它关了。根据上文"It sings songs for five minutes before I shut it"可知，此处表示作者关闭了闹钟，shut sth.off表示"关闭某物"。故选B项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.lazy懒惰的；B.busy忙的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.clever聪明的。句意：这对我这样的懒猫来说是完美的。根据上文"I think that sleeping is the most wonderful thing in the world.While asleep，I do nothing but close my eyes， （1）all my work behind."可知是"懒的"。故选A项。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.early早地；B.really真地；C.successfully成功地；D.suddenly突然地。句意：我第一次使用它时，第二天早上6点就成功起床了。根据下文"got up at 6：00 the next morning. （15）of myself，I took a deep breath and found that the early morning air is surprisingly（16）."可知是"成功地"。故选C项。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.Tired疲惫的；B.Helpful有帮助的；C.Proud骄傲的；D.Pleased高兴的。句意：我为自己感到骄傲，深吸了一口气，发现清晨的空气出奇地清新。根据上文"The first time I used it I（14）got up at 6：00 the next morning."可知，作者为自己感到骄傲。故选C项。
（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cool冷的；B.warm温暖的；C.dull迟钝的；D.fresh清新的。句意：我为自己感到骄傲，深吸了一口气，发现清晨的空气出奇地清新。根据上文"I took a deep breath and found that the early morning air is surprisingly"可知，清晨的空气很清新。故选D项。
（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.finding发现；B.thinking思考；C.wondering想知道；D.making制作。句意：我读了一些书，发现英语真的很美。根据下文"that English is really beautiful."可知作者发现英语真的很美。故选A项。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.got得到；B.done做；C.realized意识到；D.organized组织。句意：我以前没有意识到早晨是如此美好。根据下文"before that the morning was so wonderful."可知是"意识到"。故选C项。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.habits习惯；B.promise承诺；C.dream梦想；D.life生活。句意：从中我了解到，有时我们应该打破习惯。根据上文"From that I've learned sometimes we should break our"可知作者打破迟到的习惯。故选A项。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.cause导致；B.change改变；C.introduce介绍；D.turn转动。句意：你可能会发现，一种新的方式可以让事情变得更好。根据下文"things for the better"可知，此处表示改变事情，让事情变得更好。故选B项。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的闹钟坏了，因害怕迟到被叫家长，所以买了新的闹钟，从而发现了早上的美好，并爱上了读英语的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】who
【小题2】whether/if
【小题3】an
【小题4】to remove
【小题5】difficulty
【小题6】angrily
【小题7】himself
【小题8】will be influenced
【小题9】How
【小题10】belonging
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：从前，有一个富人，他想为镇上的人做些事。分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为man，在从句中作主语，故填who。
（2）考查宾语从句。句意：但首先他想弄清楚他们是否值得他的帮助。根据句意和结构可知，此处引导find out的宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，表示"是否"，应用if或whether引导，故填whether/if。
（3）考查冠词。句意：不久，一位老人牵着他的牛走了过来。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，old以元音音素开头，故填an。
（4）考查动词不定式。句意："谁把这块石头放在路中央的？"老人说，但他并没有试图移开石头。try to do sth表示"试图做某事"符合句意，故填to remove。
（5）考查固定短语。句意：相反，尽管他在绕过石头时遇到了一些困难，但他还是过去了，继续前行。have difficulty in doing sth表示"做某事有困难"，其中difficulty是不可数名词。故填difficulty。
（6）考查副词。句意：他们都愤怒地抱怨石头，但没有试图把它移走。此处用副词作状语修饰动词complained。故填angrily。
（7）考查反身代词。句意：他看到了石头，对自己说："晚上会很黑。"结合句意可知，此处表示"对自己说"，故用反身代词，故填himself。
（8）考查时态和语态。句意：如果一些邻居在黑暗中晚些时候来，他们会受到石头的影响。结合句意可知，此处在讲述将来的事情，故用一般将来时，动词influence和主语they之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be influenced。
（9）考查感叹句。句意：最后他感到多么惊讶啊！感叹句中修饰形容词great应用副词how。句首字母大写，故填How。
（10）考查现在分词。句意：这是属于好心人的礼物。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，gift与belong之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填belonging。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个富人检验人们是否值得帮助的故事。他把石头放在路中央，石头下放了钱，好心的人想要搬走石头，免得危害他人，就能得到石头下面的钱。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】【小题1】Alice is my best friend， is a hardworking and caring girl.She devotes energy to her lessons.She is always one of the top in our class.She loves music so very much that she made it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time.Alice is always helping others，and she often helps us with our lessons. a volunteer，she has organized some voluntary activities.We paid a visit∧ a nursing home last month， we picked up rubbish near our school. we did was warmly welcomed. honor for our school，Alice is well known to our classmates.
详解：
1.考查定语从句关系词。句意：爱丽丝是我的好朋友，她是一个学习努力且关心他人的女孩。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是my best friend，指人，在从句中作主语，故应使用关系代词who，故that改为who。
2.考查形容词。句意：她把大量的精力投入学习中。energy"能量"是不可数名词，应用形容词much修饰，many修饰可数名词复数，故many改为much。
3.考查可数名词复数。句意：她总是我们班上名列前茅的学生之一。student"学生"是可数名词，one of…表示"……之一"，其后应用可数名词复数形式，故student改为students。
4.考查固定句型。句意：她非常热爱音乐以致于形成了在闲暇时间听音乐的习惯。分析可知，句子使用了so...that..."如此……以致于……" 这一固定句型，其中副词so修饰much，very多余，故删除very。
5.考查介词。句意：作为一名志愿者，她已经成功组织了许多次志愿者活动。根据句意表示"作为"应用介词as，like作介词时，意为"像"，不符合题意，故Like改为As。
6.考查副词。句意：作为一名志愿者，她已经成功组织了许多次志愿者活动。分析可知，此处需使用副词作状语，修饰动词organized，故successful改为successfully。
7.考查介词。句意：上个月我们去了敬老院，并且在学校周边捡拾垃圾。pay a visit to...表示"参观......"，固定搭配，故visit后加to。
8.考查连词。句意：上个月我们去了敬老院，并且在学校周边捡拾垃圾。根据句意可知，前后文之间是并列关系，而非因果关系，故so改为and。
9.考查主语从句连接词。句意：我们所做的事情受到了热烈的欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，意为"......的事情"，故应用连接代词what引导该主语从句。故That改为What。
10.考查现在分词。句意：因为为学校获得了荣誉，爱丽丝在我们班知名度很高。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，win与其逻辑主语Alice之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作状语，故Win改为Winning。
【小题2】略
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者介绍了自己的好朋友爱丽丝并讲述了上个月爱丽丝和作者去敬老院做志愿者并在学校周边捡拾垃圾的事情。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Dear Mr.Liu，
I am Li Hua，a student in Grade 2.I have read the notice that our school radio stations needs a newsreader，so I'm writing to introduce myself.（表示感兴趣）
First of all，I am greatly interested in broadcasting.I have received some professional training in my spare time and can speak standard Mandarin，hoping that I can work as a newsreader in the future.【高分句型一】Now I would like to put what I have learned into practice and gain some experience.【高分句型二】Besides，I am good at English，especially spoken English.I won first prize in the English Speech Competition last year and have relevant experience.So I think I am highly qualified for the job.If I am admitted，I will try my best to serve the students.I sincerely hope that you can give me a chance to work for the school radio station.（自身优势）
I am looking forward to your early reply.（希望得到回复）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I have received some professional training in my spare time and can speak standard Mandarin，hoping that I can work as a newsreader in the future.
翻译：我在业余时间接受了一些专业培训，会说标准普通话，希望将来能做新闻播报员。
分析：本句使用了现在分词短语hoping that I can work as a newsreader in the future作状语。
高分句型二：Now I would like to put what I have learned into practice and gain some experience.
翻译：现在我想把学到的东西付诸实践，获得一些经验。
分析：本句使用了what引导的宾语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
2022-2023学年甘肃省定西一中高一（上）期末英语试卷
A
Famous Modern Chinese Buildings
Beijing International Airport
The first place most visitors see when they arrive in China is Beijing International Airport.The airport was constructed in the 1950s.It has an indoor garden，a children's playground，and over 70 food businesses in Terminal 3 alone.
Shanghai World Financial Center
Completed in 2008，SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and construction delays.Since its completion，it has won countless architectural awards.
Tourists are welcome at SWFC's viewing platform，which at 474 meters above ground is the worlds highest closed viewing platform.
The Water Cube
It was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics.Now visitors can express surprise at the architecture of the building.They can enjoy the indoor atmosphere as well.
Among the offerings of the Water Cube are a restaurant and bar，a shopping area，and Water World，a family water park
The Bird's Nest，Beijing
It was designed mainly for the 2008 Summer Olympics.It can hold up to 80，000 people and has been used for a winter theme park.Nowadays，its main income is as a tourist attraction.It draws more than 20，000 tourists every day.
National Center for the Performing Arts
It was completed in 2007.The building is surrounded by a man-made lake，requiring guests to enter via an underground hallway.It is home to an Opera Hall，Music Hall，and Theater.
1. Which of the following buildings was first constructed？ ______
A. Beijing International Airport. B. Shanghai World Financial Center.
C. The Water Cube. D. The Birds Nest，Beijing.
2. Why was the construction of Shanghai World Financial Center delayed？ ______
A. It needed more construction workers.
B. It was short of money.
C. It added an extra viewing-platform.
D. It faced too much terrible weather.
3. How does the bird's Nest operate daily？ ______
A. By renting the winter theme park.
B. By increasing its opening time.
C. By charging tourists for admission fees.
D. By giving some live concerts.
4. What can you do in National Center for the Performing Art？ ______
A. Enjoy sports events. B. Play musical instruments.
C. Attend science lectures. D. Watch different performances.
B
An old man lived in a certain part of London，and he would wake up every morning and go to the subway．He would get the train right to Central London，and then sit at the street corner and beg．He would do this every single day of his life．He sat at the same street corner and begged for almost 20years．
His house was dirty，and the bad smell coming out of the house was horrible．The neighbors could not stand the smell any more，so they asked the police officers to clear the place．The officers knocked down the door and cleaned the house．There were small bags of money all over the house that he had collected over the years．
The police counted the money，and they soon realized that the old man was a millionaire （百万富翁）．They waited outside his house expecting to share the good news with him．When the old man arrived home that evening，one of the officers told him that there was no need for him to beg any more as he was a rich man now，a millionaire．
But the old man said nothing at all； he went into his house and locked the door．The next morning he woke up as usual，went to the subway，got into the train and sat at the street corner and continued to beg．
Clearly，this old man had no great plans，dreams or anything significant for his life．We learn nothing from this story other than staying focused on the things we enjoy doing．What makes us happy is what matters in the end，not what we acquire．
5. Why did the police officers clear the old man's house？ ______
A. Because the old man had no time to clear it himself．
B. Because the neighbors of the old man asked them to do．
C. Because they couldn't stand the terrible smell．
D. Because the police officers were kind-hearted．
6. The police officers stood outside the old man's house in order to ______ ．
A. Tell the old man that they knocked down his door
B. Ask the old man to clean his dirty house
C. Make the old man count the money in small bags．
D. Tell the old man that he was a millionaire．
7. What did the old man do after the police officer told him the news？ ______
A. He did what he usually did the next day．
B. He stayed at home doing nothing．
C. He locked the door and went to the subway at once．
D. He sat in front of his house and continued to beg．
8. From the story we can infer that ______ ．
A. the old man cared about nothing but money
B. the old man wanted to do what he enjoyed doing
C. the policemen would take away all the money．
D. the old man would not beg any more．
C
If you live near a deep forest，you might have come across some wildlife animals hiding in your backyard，but nothing beats the surprise this woman got when she found three baby deer hiding in her house to wait out the storm.
The woman then posted several photos of the baby deer taking refuge （避难） in one of her rooms on her Imgur account "Amscolie".She wrote that it was a very stormy day and a rainstorm was coming so she left her back door open just in case some animals wanted to take refuge in her house.In the meantime，she went out in the storm to check whether there were any animals that were stuck in the bad weather，especially a number of deer.However，she could not find any of them so she went back to her home.
Surprisingly，she found that the deer had already made their way inside her house!
Like many other animals，deer too can predict stormy weather and know when it is best to find a shelter from the dangerous weather.As the back door was opened，she did not notice when the deer entered her house.The three lovely baby deer made their way inside but there was no sight of their parents.The woman did try to find if there was any deer nearby her house but .The woman thought that the baby deer might have lost their parents so she welcomed them with open arms.
"I raise orphaned（孤儿的） wildlife.Recently，the back door was open as a storm was coming.The deer were nowhere to be found.I went inside，only to see them next to an end table in the living room.I told them they could sleep in the house for the night because the weather was going to be terrible，" the woman wrote on Little Things.com.
9. How did the baby deer enter the woman's house？ ______
A. The woman invited them in.
B. The woman led them in.
C. They entered through the back door.
D. They entered through the window.
10. What do we know about the woman from paragraph 2 ？ ______
A. She raises deer in her own house.
B. She lost her deer on a stormy night.
C. she is devoted to protecting wildlife.
D. She hardly came across wild animals.
11. Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase "to no avail" in paragraph 4 ？ ______
A. Failed B. Resigned C. Missed. D. Disappeared.
12. Why were the deer found in the woman's living room？ ______
A. They were hungry
B. Their parents lost them on purpose
C. They were being hunted
D. Bad weather forced them to find a shelter
D
A warmer global climate will certainly mean more than just more sweat!It may，for example，change wind and rain patterns and it may lead to rising sea levels.These changes will affect plant and animal life as well as human health.The future climate will be determined partly by how many greenhouse gases are emitted（散发）.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） has identified（识别） how much we can expect the climate to change.According to the IPCC，if we don't take action to limit emissions of greenhouse gases，by 2100 we can expect the mean surface temperature to increase by （1.4-58 C） compared to 1990 the sea level to rise between 9 and 88 cm 5-20% more rain and snow.
The reason why scientists do not know whether the temperature will increase by a little more than one degree or up to six degrees is that，first，they do not know how many greenhouse gases will be emitted in the future，and second it is still uncertain how sensitive （敏感的） the climate on Earth is to emissions of greenhouse gases
Moreover，the above figures are averages （平均值）for the entire planet.This means that some places may become much warmer，while others may change little，or even become cooler.But the degree of climate change that a certain country faces has little to do with how many greenhouses gases have been emitted.Greenhouse gases are well mixed with the other gases in the air.After they are emitted，they do not stay in the same place，but spread throughout the atmosphere.Once they are there they stay a long time.This is why it is not true that the biggest emitters will suffer the biggest climate changes.The most serious results of an increased greenhouse effect are just as likely to show up in places far away from where the emissions began.
13. Global warming will lead to ______
A. higher sea levels B. a good harvest
C. a changeable economy D. greenhouse gases
14. The reason for not knowing an accurate change in the temperature is that ______ .
A. the scientists haven't found a way to measure it
B. the temperature is so changeable that we can not measure it
C. the scientists are not sure about the number of the greenhouse gases that will be emitted
D. there have been few changes in recent years
15. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ______
A. The whole planet will become warmer and warmer
B. The mixed air will stay in the same place
C. The biggest changes always happen in the cities which are the biggest emitters
D. It is possible that greenhouse gases will have effects on faraway places
How to Raise Money for Your Favorite Charity At the end of the year， we are often inspired to do more for people in need． (1) Don't worry． Here's a quick and easy tip-list to make such a worthy act successful．
• (2) You need to make sure that both you and your participants enjoy the event． So keep it simple and make sure that you add some fun， whether it's special decoration， a bag for each participant or guest， or a special theme．
• Get team support． (3) Teamwork may give you some new ideas and help give a unique feature to your event． Make sure that you break down the work among your team．
• Plan for the "what-ifs？" If you are planning to hold an event outdoors， or if you are relying on a famous person as a guest of honor， make sure you think of a few possible alternatives． (4) This is the key to successful event planning．
• Timing is everything． Check your community calendar to make sure there are no important community events on the day when you are planning your event． You might need to check with other communities or non-profit organizations nearby． (5)
• Check out your favorite charity's website for ideas． Many websites offer advice on how to raise money． For example， the human rights charity Amnesty International lists events and ideas on its website．
A． Tell the charity about the event．
B． Keep it fun and simple．
C． Turn to your teammates for some creative ideas．
D． Have no idea of where to begin？
E． Try to pick the date that will bring in the best attendance．
F． Remember to thank anyone who has donated．
G． What if it starts raining or if your honored guest doesn't show up？
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
I think that sleeping is the most wonderful thing in the world.While asleep，I do nothing but close my eyes，(21) all my work behind.In fact，I have to get up early (22) every morning.
My classes begin at 8：00，but the teacher asks us to arrive before 7：15，so we have (23) time to prepare for the class.If you are late，you will (24) one point.And when you reach 10 points， (25) visit to school will be demanded. (26) I think it's silly，I still don't want to lose any point.
One morning，my alarm clock (27) .I woke up and found that it was already 7：00.Even worse I lost six points in a (28)， that is to say，I was late every day that week.My teacher said that he now (29) me to be late again.My friends joked that my (30) was coming soon.I finally (31) to do something.I bought a new alarm clock.It sings songs for five minutes before I shut it (32) .
It's perfect for a (33) cat like me.The first time I used it I (34) got up at 6：00 the next morning. (35) of myself，I took a deep breath and found that the early morning air is surprisingly (36) .I did some reading， (37) that English is really beautiful.
I hadn't (38) before that the morning was so wonderful.
From that I've learned sometimes we should break our (39) .You may find that a new way can (40) things for the better.
21. A. having B. leaving C. falling D. putting
22. A. always B. only C. almost D. especially
23. A. enough B. plenty C. no D. any
24. A. forget B. lose C. win D. give
25. A. students' B. friends' C. teachers' D. parents'
26. A. As B. When C. If D. Though
27. A. failed B. lied C. sounded D. knocked
28. A. class B. day C. week D. line
29. A. hoped B. expected C. agreed D. told
30. A. exam B. mistake C. duty D. day
31. A. decided B. stopped C. offered D. tried
32. A. up B. off C. on D. away
33. A. lazy B. busy C. beautiful D. clever
34. A. early B. really C. successfully D. suddenly
35. A. Tired B. Helpful C. Proud D. Pleased
36. A. cool B. warm C. dull D. fresh
37. A. finding B. thinking C. wondering D. making
38. A. got B. done C. realized D. organized
39. A. habits B. promise C. dream D. life
40. A. cause B. change C. introduce D. turn
41. Once there lived a rich man (1) wanted to do something for the people of his town.But first he wanted to find out (2) they deserved his help.
In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed a very large stone.Then he hid behind a tree and waited.Soon (3) old man came along with his cow.
"Who put this stone in the centre of the road？" said the old man，but he did not try (4) （remove） the stone.Instead，although he had some (5) （ difficult） in passing around the stone ，he passed and continued on his way.Another man came along and did the same thing；then another came，and another.All of them complained (6) （ angry） about the stone but not tried to remove it .Late in the afternoon a young man came along.He saw the stone，saying to (7) （ he） The night will be very dark.If some neighbors come along later in the dark，they (8) （ influence） by the stone."
Then he began to move the stone.He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it. (9)
great his surprise was at last!Under the stone，he found a bag of money.On the bag were some words：Here is the gift (10) （ belong） to a kind person.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42. 注意：（ 1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Alice is my best friend，that is a hardworking and caring girl.She devotes many energy to her lessons.She is always one of the top student in our class.She loves music so very much that she made it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time.Alice is always helping others，and she often helps us with our lessons.Like a volunteer，she has successful organized some voluntary activities.We paid a visit a nursing home last month，so we picked up rubbish near our school.That we did was warmly welcomed.Win honor for our school，Alice is well known to our classmates.
(1)
(2)
43. 假定你是李华，得知你校招聘新闻广播员（newsreader），你有意应聘，请按下面要点给学校负责人刘老师写一封申请信。
（1）表示感兴趣。
（2）说明优势：普通话（standard Chinese），知识面，合作精神，相关经历；
（3）希望得到回复。
注意：
（1）词数100左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______
答案和解析
1~4.【答案】A、B、C、D
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段Beijing International Airport-The airport was constructed in the 1950s. 北京国际机场修建于20世纪50年代；Shanghai World Financial Center-Completed in 2008.上海世贸中心完工于2008年；The Water Cube-It was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics.水立方是为北京2008年夏季奥运会建造的；The Bird's Nest，Beijing- It was designed mainly for the 2008 Summer Olympics.它主要是为2008年夏季奥运会设计的；National Center for the Performing Arts- It was completed in 2007.它完工于2007年。可知，修建于20世纪50年代的北京国际机场是最早的建筑，故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段Shanghai World Financial Center 介绍内容Completed in 2008 ，SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and construction delays. 该金融中心大厦于2008年完工，由于资金短缺和施工延误，SWFC用了10年多的时间才完工。可知，由于资金短缺Shanghai World Financial Center 的建设拖延，故选B。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第四段The Bird's Nest ，Beijing介绍内容Nowadays，its main income is as a tourist attraction. 可知，鸟巢向游客收取入场费来维持日常运作，故选C。
（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段National Center for the Performing Arts 介绍内容It is home to an Opera Hall ，Music Hall ，and Theater. 它是歌剧院、音乐厅和剧院的所在地。可知，在国家表演艺术中心人们可以观看不同的演出，故选D。
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了五个著名现代中国建筑，分别说明了其特点和作用。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
5~8.【答案】B、D、A、B
【解析】28．B．细节推理题．根据第二段His house was dirty，and the bad smell coming out of the house was horrible．The neighbors could not stand the smell any more，so they asked the police officers to clear theplace．可知老人的房子又脏有味，邻居无法忍受所以让警察来清理，故选B．
29．D．细节推理题． 根据第三段They waited outside his house expecting to share the good news with him．可知警察等老人回来是为了告诉他不用再去乞讨，他是百万富翁．故选D．
30．A．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段But the old man said nothing at all； he went into his house and lockedthe door．The next morning he woke up as usual，went to the subway，got into the train and sat at the street corner and continued to beg．可知老人毫无改变，依然去乞讨．故选A．
31．B．根据文章最后一段We learn nothing from this story other than staying focused on the things we enjoy doing．What makes us happy is what matters in the end，not what we acquire．可知老人在乎的不是钱，而是做喜欢做的事．故选B．
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了一个乞讨的老人整天忙于乞讨，结果却是自己是百万富翁．但老人知道后毫无改变依旧每天去乞讨．
考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
9~12.【答案】C、C、A、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段She wrote that it was a very stormy day and a rainstorm was coming so she left her back door open just in case some animals wanted to take refuge in her house.（她写道，那天暴风雨很大，暴风雨就要来了，所以她把后门开着，以防有动物想在她的房子里避难。）可知小鹿从后门进入了女人的房子。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据s第二段中的She wrote that it was a very stormy day and a rainstorm was coming so she left her back door open just in case some animals wanted to take refuge in her house.In the meantime，she went out in the storm to check whether there were any animals that were stuck in the bad weather，especially a number of deer.（她写道，那天暴风雨很大，暴风雨就要来了，所以她把后门开着，以防有动物想在她的房子里避难。与此同时，她在暴风雨中出去查看是否有动物被困在恶劣的天气里，特别是一些鹿。）可知她致力于保护野生动物。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的The three lovely baby deer made their way inside but there was no sight of their parents.The woman did try to find if there was any deer nearby her house but .（三只可爱的小鹿走了进去，但没有看到它们的父母。这名妇女确实试图寻找她家附近是否有鹿，但无济于事。）可知划线部分表达的意思是"无济于事"，结合选项A.Failed失败，未能做到；B.Resigned辞职；C.Missed想念，错过；D.Disappeared消失。故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I went inside，only to see them next to an end table in the living room.（我走进房里，看见它们在客厅桌子旁边。）可推测出鹿被发现在女人的客厅里，因为他们饿了。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个女人致力于保护野生动物的故事，在暴风雨即将来临的时候，她发现三只小鹿躲进了她的屋子里，她拍下照片并上传至网络引发大家关注。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
13~15.【答案】A、C、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段A warmer global climate will certainly mean more than just more sweat!It may，for example，change wind and rain patterns and it may lead to rising sea levels.（全球气候变暖当然不仅仅意味着更多的汗水！例如，它可能改变风和雨的模式，并可能导致海平面上升。）可知，全球变暖将导致较高的海平面。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The reason why scientists do not know whether the temperature will increase by a little more than one degree or up to six degrees is that，first，they do not know how many greenhouse gases will be emitted in the future，and second it is still uncertain how sensitive the climate on Earth is to emissions of greenhouse gases. （科学家们之所以不知道气温会上升一度多一点还是高达六度，是因为，首先，他们不知道未来会排放多少温室气体，其次，还不确定地球上的气候对温室气体的排放有多敏感。）可知，不知道温度准确变化的原因是科学家们不确定未来会排放多少温室气体。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段The most serious results of an increased greenhouse effect are just as likely to show up in places far away from where the emissions began.（温室效应加剧的最严重后果同样可能出现在远离排放源的地方。）可知，温室气体带来的后果可能会影响远离排放源的地方，即温室气体可能会对遥远的地方产生影响。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了温室气体的排放对气候及整个星球的影响。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~20.【答案】D、B、C、G、E
【解析】1-5 DBCGE
1．D．细节理解题．根据"At the end of the year， we are often inspired to do more for people in need．在年底，我们常常受到鼓舞，为需要帮助的人做更多的事情．"可知此处应填"不知道从哪里开始"．故选D．
2．B．细节理解题．根据"You need to make sure that both you and your participants enjoy the event你需要确保你和你的参与者都喜欢这个活动"可知此处应填"你可能需要与附近的其他社区或非营利组织联系"．故选B．
3．C．推理判断题．根据"Get team support．得到团队的支持"可知此处应填"向你的队友寻求一些创造性的想法．"．故选C．
4．G．推理判断题．根据"This is the key to successful event planning．这是成功事件计划的关键．"可知此处应填"如果天下起雨来，或者你的贵宾没有出现怎么办"．故选G．
5．E．推理判断题．根据"You might need to check with other communities or non-profit organizations nearby你可能需要与附近的其他社区或非营利组织联系"可知此处应填"试着选择一个能吸引最多观众的日期"．故选E．
本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了在年底，我们常常受到鼓舞，为需要帮助的人做更多的事情．不知道从哪里开始？别担心．这里有一个快速而简单的提示列表，让这样一个有价值的行为成功．
阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
21~40.【答案】B、C、A、B、D、D、A、C、B、D、A、B、A、C、C、D、A、C、A、B
【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.having有；B.leaving留下；C.falling下降；D.putting放。句意：睡觉时，我什么也不做，只闭上眼睛，把所有的工作都抛在脑后。根据下文"all my work behind"可知，此处表示将所有工作都抛下，leave behind表示"抛下"。故选B项。
（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.always总是；B.only只有；C.almost几乎；D.especially尤其。句意：事实上，我几乎每天早上都要早起。根据下文"My classes begin at 8：00，but the teacher asks us to arrive before 7：15，so we have（3）time to prepare for the class."可知是每天都要早起。故选C项。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.enough足够的；B.plenty足够的；C.no没有的；D.any任何。句意：我8点开始上课，但老师要求我们在7点15分之前到达，所以我们有足够的时间为课程做准备。根据上文"My classes begin at 8：00，but the teacher asks us to arrive before 7：15"可知有足够的时间，enough time表示"足够的时间"，plenty of time表示"足够的时间"。故选A项。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.forget忘记；B.lose失去；C.win赢得；D.give给。句意：如果你迟到了，你将失去一分。根据上文"If you are late，"可知是"失去"。故选B项。
（5）考查名词所有格及语境理解。A.students'学生的；B.friends'朋友的；C.teachers'教师的；D.parents'父母的。句意：当你达到10分时，家长会被要求去学校。根据上文"If you are late，you will（4）one point.And when you reach 10 points，"家长会被要求去学校。故选D项。
（6）考查连词及语境理解。A.As随着；B.When当……时；C.If如果；D.Though虽然。句意：虽然我觉得这很愚蠢，但我仍然不想失去任何一分。根据下文"I think it's silly，I still don't want to lose any point."可知是"虽然"。故选D项。
（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.failed出故障；B.lied说谎；C.sounded听起来；D.knocked敲。句意：一天早上，我的闹钟坏了。根据下文"I woke up and found that it was already 7：00."可推知，闹钟出故障了。故选A项。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.class课；B.day天；C.week周；D.line线。句意：更糟糕的是，我在一周内丢了六分，也就是说，那一周我每天都迟到。根据下文"that is to say，I was late every day that week."可知是"一周"。故选C项。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.hoped希望；B.expected预期；C.agreed同意；D.told告诉。句意：我的老师说他现在预计我会再次迟到。根据下文"me to be late again."是"预期"。故选B项。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.exam考试；B.mistake错误；C.duty职责；D.day重大日子。句意：我的朋友开玩笑说我的日子很快就要到了。根据上文"And when you reach 10 points， （5）visit to school will be demanded."以及"Even worse，I lost six points in a （8），that is to say，I was late every day that week."可知，此处表示作者的朋友开玩笑说作者的家长来学校的日子很快就要到了。故选D项。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.decided决定；B.stopped停止；C.offered提供；D.tried尝试。句意：我终于决定做点什么。根据下文"I bought a new alarm clock."可知，作者决定做些什么。故选A项。
（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.up向上；B.off关掉；C.on穿着；D.away向远处。句意：它响了五分钟歌，然后我把它关了。根据上文"It sings songs for five minutes before I shut it"可知，此处表示作者关闭了闹钟，shut sth.off表示"关闭某物"。故选B项。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.lazy懒惰的；B.busy忙的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.clever聪明的。句意：这对我这样的懒猫来说是完美的。根据上文"I think that sleeping is the most wonderful thing in the world.While asleep，I do nothing but close my eyes， （1）all my work behind."可知是"懒的"。故选A项。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.early早地；B.really真地；C.successfully成功地；D.suddenly突然地。句意：我第一次使用它时，第二天早上6点就成功起床了。根据下文"got up at 6：00 the next morning. （15）of myself，I took a deep breath and found that the early morning air is surprisingly（16）."可知是"成功地"。故选C项。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.Tired疲惫的；B.Helpful有帮助的；C.Proud骄傲的；D.Pleased高兴的。句意：我为自己感到骄傲，深吸了一口气，发现清晨的空气出奇地清新。根据上文"The first time I used it I（14）got up at 6：00 the next morning."可知，作者为自己感到骄傲。故选C项。
（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cool冷的；B.warm温暖的；C.dull迟钝的；D.fresh清新的。句意：我为自己感到骄傲，深吸了一口气，发现清晨的空气出奇地清新。根据上文"I took a deep breath and found that the early morning air is surprisingly"可知，清晨的空气很清新。故选D项。
（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.finding发现；B.thinking思考；C.wondering想知道；D.making制作。句意：我读了一些书，发现英语真的很美。根据下文"that English is really beautiful."可知作者发现英语真的很美。故选A项。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.got得到；B.done做；C.realized意识到；D.organized组织。句意：我以前没有意识到早晨是如此美好。根据下文"before that the morning was so wonderful."可知是"意识到"。故选C项。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.habits习惯；B.promise承诺；C.dream梦想；D.life生活。句意：从中我了解到，有时我们应该打破习惯。根据上文"From that I've learned sometimes we should break our"可知作者打破迟到的习惯。故选A项。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.cause导致；B.change改变；C.introduce介绍；D.turn转动。句意：你可能会发现，一种新的方式可以让事情变得更好。根据下文"things for the better"可知，此处表示改变事情，让事情变得更好。故选B项。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的闹钟坏了，因害怕迟到被叫家长，所以买了新的闹钟，从而发现了早上的美好，并爱上了读英语的故事。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
41.【答案】【小题1】who
【小题2】whether/if
【小题3】an
【小题4】to remove
【小题5】difficulty
【小题6】angrily
【小题7】himself
【小题8】will be influenced
【小题9】How
【小题10】belonging
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：从前，有一个富人，他想为镇上的人做些事。分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为man，在从句中作主语，故填who。
（2）考查宾语从句。句意：但首先他想弄清楚他们是否值得他的帮助。根据句意和结构可知，此处引导find out的宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，表示"是否"，应用if或whether引导，故填whether/if。
（3）考查冠词。句意：不久，一位老人牵着他的牛走了过来。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，old以元音音素开头，故填an。
（4）考查动词不定式。句意："谁把这块石头放在路中央的？"老人说，但他并没有试图移开石头。try to do sth表示"试图做某事"符合句意，故填to remove。
（5）考查固定短语。句意：相反，尽管他在绕过石头时遇到了一些困难，但他还是过去了，继续前行。have difficulty in doing sth表示"做某事有困难"，其中difficulty是不可数名词。故填difficulty。
（6）考查副词。句意：他们都愤怒地抱怨石头，但没有试图把它移走。此处用副词作状语修饰动词complained。故填angrily。
（7）考查反身代词。句意：他看到了石头，对自己说："晚上会很黑。"结合句意可知，此处表示"对自己说"，故用反身代词，故填himself。
（8）考查时态和语态。句意：如果一些邻居在黑暗中晚些时候来，他们会受到石头的影响。结合句意可知，此处在讲述将来的事情，故用一般将来时，动词influence和主语they之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be influenced。
（9）考查感叹句。句意：最后他感到多么惊讶啊！感叹句中修饰形容词great应用副词how。句首字母大写，故填How。
（10）考查现在分词。句意：这是属于好心人的礼物。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，gift与belong之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，故填belonging。
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个富人检验人们是否值得帮助的故事。他把石头放在路中央，石头下放了钱，好心的人想要搬走石头，免得危害他人，就能得到石头下面的钱。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】【小题1】Alice is my best friend， is a hardworking and caring girl.She devotes energy to her lessons.She is always one of the top in our class.She loves music so very much that she made it a rule to enjoy songs in her spare time.Alice is always helping others，and she often helps us with our lessons. a volunteer，she has organized some voluntary activities.We paid a visit∧ a nursing home last month， we picked up rubbish near our school. we did was warmly welcomed. honor for our school，Alice is well known to our classmates.
详解：
1.考查定语从句关系词。句意：爱丽丝是我的好朋友，她是一个学习努力且关心他人的女孩。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是my best friend，指人，在从句中作主语，故应使用关系代词who，故that改为who。
2.考查形容词。句意：她把大量的精力投入学习中。energy"能量"是不可数名词，应用形容词much修饰，many修饰可数名词复数，故many改为much。
3.考查可数名词复数。句意：她总是我们班上名列前茅的学生之一。student"学生"是可数名词，one of…表示"……之一"，其后应用可数名词复数形式，故student改为students。
4.考查固定句型。句意：她非常热爱音乐以致于形成了在闲暇时间听音乐的习惯。分析可知，句子使用了so...that..."如此……以致于……" 这一固定句型，其中副词so修饰much，very多余，故删除very。
5.考查介词。句意：作为一名志愿者，她已经成功组织了许多次志愿者活动。根据句意表示"作为"应用介词as，like作介词时，意为"像"，不符合题意，故Like改为As。
6.考查副词。句意：作为一名志愿者，她已经成功组织了许多次志愿者活动。分析可知，此处需使用副词作状语，修饰动词organized，故successful改为successfully。
7.考查介词。句意：上个月我们去了敬老院，并且在学校周边捡拾垃圾。pay a visit to...表示"参观......"，固定搭配，故visit后加to。
8.考查连词。句意：上个月我们去了敬老院，并且在学校周边捡拾垃圾。根据句意可知，前后文之间是并列关系，而非因果关系，故so改为and。
9.考查主语从句连接词。句意：我们所做的事情受到了热烈的欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，意为"......的事情"，故应用连接代词what引导该主语从句。故That改为What。
10.考查现在分词。句意：因为为学校获得了荣誉，爱丽丝在我们班知名度很高。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，win与其逻辑主语Alice之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作状语，故Win改为Winning。
【小题2】略
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者介绍了自己的好朋友爱丽丝并讲述了上个月爱丽丝和作者去敬老院做志愿者并在学校周边捡拾垃圾的事情。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Dear Mr.Liu，
I am Li Hua，a student in Grade 2.I have read the notice that our school radio stations needs a newsreader，so I'm writing to introduce myself.（表示感兴趣）
First of all，I am greatly interested in broadcasting.I have received some professional training in my spare time and can speak standard Mandarin，hoping that I can work as a newsreader in the future.【高分句型一】Now I would like to put what I have learned into practice and gain some experience.【高分句型二】Besides，I am good at English，especially spoken English.I won first prize in the English Speech Competition last year and have relevant experience.So I think I am highly qualified for the job.If I am admitted，I will try my best to serve the students.I sincerely hope that you can give me a chance to work for the school radio station.（自身优势）
I am looking forward to your early reply.（希望得到回复）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：I have received some professional training in my spare time and can speak standard Mandarin，hoping that I can work as a newsreader in the future.
翻译：我在业余时间接受了一些专业培训，会说标准普通话，希望将来能做新闻播报员。
分析：本句使用了现在分词短语hoping that I can work as a newsreader in the future作状语。
高分句型二：Now I would like to put what I have learned into practice and gain some experience.
翻译：现在我想把学到的东西付诸实践，获得一些经验。
分析：本句使用了what引导的宾语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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