2022-2023学年北京市怀柔区高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年北京市怀柔区高一（上）期末英语试卷(含答案解析)，共18页。试卷主要包含了  A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年北京市怀柔区高一（上）期末英语试卷

When I look back at the first half of the year，I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through.But the biggest one was definitely my high school graduation(1).
When I first arrived in the Czech Republic（捷克） four years ago，I was just a normal exchange(2)who spoke only English.Then at the end of the year- long exchange program，I came up with the idea of(3)my high school studies there.
At that time，I was only sixteen and delighted by my new future.But I didn't realize the(4)of completing school in the Czech language，which is considered to be one of the most popular(5)in the world.As I lacked（缺少）(6)of certain subjects，I received the worst marks and people around doubted whether I could graduate.However，I practiced all the time.Gradually，I could communicate with others fluently and my(7)grew.
The final exam day came.Thinking about everyone who had helped and supported me along my journey，I felt(8)and confident.
In May，I received notice that I had(9)the exam.At my graduation ceremony，my Czech teacher said very proudly in front of everyone." One student，she is from China with only three years of learning Czech，she(10)."
My journey through high school was finally finished.Though the journey of University is just about to begin，I think I am ready.
1.  A. speech B. exam C. present D. custom
2.  A. teacher B. expert C. engineer D. student
3.  A. finishing B. canceling C. examining D. preparing
4.  A. value B. ability C. challenge D. benefit
5.  A. places B. music C. songs D. languages
6.  A. knowledge B. letter C. luck D. magazine
7.  A. money B. fear C. confidence D. worry
8.  A. sad B. troubled C. terrible D. encouraged
9.  A. passed B. failed C. avoided D. missed
10.  A. got away B. broke down C. made it D. calm down
11. A
My husband was looking (1) our two little daughters.They started crying when my husband cooked lunch.He ran into the room and (2) （ see）a small scorpion（蝎子），so my husband picked it up.The older girl said，" Girls can't deal with it."My husband told her，"You never have to be afraid of something only because you're a girl.You are as smart and strong as any boy." He held the scorpion's tail with his (3) （ finger）.The girl asked to hold it.So my husband put it on her hands while he held the tail.She was so proud of (4) （ her） that she talked about it until she went to sleep.
B
Yoga（瑜伽） makes you feel (1) （ relax） and you feel all " at one " with your body.Smith Farm is now offering people the chance (2) （ do） their daily yoga with goats.In fact，the goats don't actually take part in the yoga.They are more for moral（精神上的） support，preventing you from getting bored."It is a wonderful experience，"says Smith，"It may sound silly but it's truly getting outside in nature with beautiful scenery and lovely animals around you.Animals can (3) （real） help humans deal with stress，illness or sadness."
C
It is easy and very powerful to be kind to those who are kind to you.Yet，to experience the full power of your sincere kindness，offer it to people (1) are careless and rude to you.Sure，it is difficult to forgive（原谅） those who are hurtful to you.But the way to stop the hurt is by refusing to participate in it.Forgiveness gives you the upper hand.Be the one who is strong，and who (2) （ stop） the rudeness，Put the power of kindness (3) forgiveness to work for you and your world.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
C
For some of us， the excitement of seeing a performance at a European opera house is just not enough． Fortunately， opera houses throughout Europe open their backstage doors to the public． Take advantage of these opportunities to look behind the scenes of some of the world's great opera houses．
Teatro alla Scala Opera House Tours-Milan
Discover the activities within the opera house on a backstage tour of the La Scala theater in Milan． The tour also includes an overview of the history of the theater and guides you through the auditorium（观众席） and the theater boxes．
Paris Opera House Tours-Paris
While it is possible to walk around the public areas of the beautiful Paris Opera House on your own， guided tours are also offered and are led by an English-speaking guide． During the 90- minute tour， you will learn about the theater's history and its architecture． You will also have an opportunity to visit the grand staircase．
Royal Opera House Tours-London
It is one of the most comprehensive of the opera house tours in Europe． The guide at the Royal Opera House takes you through sections of the backstage area to the props （道具） room， where workers build the sets， the costume shop and the ballet studios． There's a chance that you will even catch the ballet dancers backstage in practice in their big ballet studio．
La Fenice Opera House Tours-Venice
Teatro La Fenice in Venice offers a couple of options for visitors． A self-guided tour of the beautiful halls and grounds with a voice guide is available at the box office． Guided tours are also available with an expert that will explain the history of the opera house from its origins to its rebuilding．
12. In which opera house might you be able to see a costume shop backstage？ ______
A. The Teatro alla Scala Opera House
B. The Paris Opera House
C. The Royal Opera House
D. The La Fenice Opera House
13. What do the above four opera houses have in common？ ______
A. They all offer free guided tours．
B. They all open their backstage areas to the public．
C. They are all free to the public．
D. They are all located in France．
14. Where can we most probably find this text？ ______
A. In a sports magazine B. In an adventure novel
C. In a history book D. On a culture website
D
My family lives in Texas．I was born and brought up in Texas and I am a graduate of the University of Texas．However，around my second year in law school，I wanted to make a great change，which was almost unheard of for Texans：I wanted to leave!
I realized this after completing my first-year internship（实习期）．I knew I wanted something different and my chance came during the 2011 Super Bowl（橄榄球超级大赛） in Dallas．A snowstorm blanketed the entire city in snow and thousands of people were gathered．I overheard that StubHub，a big company from a great city，San Francisco，was throwing a party next door to my hotel．I thought if I could get an internship，I could leave for the summer and at least see what it was like．Yes，it was a huge leap．I told myself I was ready．
There was just one problem：I wasn't invited to the StubHub party．But you know I'm the type of person who goes for something she wants．Needless to say，I crashed the party and found my way to the president．I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program．Guess what？They accepted my request to be a legal intern，even though no such program existed．
The legal department didn't have a position for me．However，I got many other chances to be a legal intern in other companies．That experience has shaped my life．Working for a great company in San Francisco，I'm incredibly happy for making my decision to leave Texas．
By leaving Texas，I learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the unfamiliar than to stay in the comfort zone．Exploring the unfamiliar is how you'll understand what fits your life．I say，dive in headfirst．
15. The author was able to leave Texas because ______ .
A. she dropped out of the University of Texas
B. she watched the 2011 Super Bowl in Dallas
C. a snowstorm blanketed the entire city in snow
D. she introduced herself to the president of StubHub
16. In the fourth paragraph，what does the underlined word "permanent" mean？ ______
A. suitable B. important C. long-lasting D. high-respected
17. Which of the following words best describe the author？ ______
A. Patient and honest. B. Smart and humorous.
C. Determined and positive. D. Supportive and energetic.
18. What does the author want to tell us through her experience？ ______
A. You must choose a career that you like.
B. Jumping out of your comfort zone is rewarding.
C. Accepting who you are makes you realize your strengths.
D. You should listen to your family to learn about your potential.
E
A few weeks ago， I sat with a California farmer named Dave Ribeiro． I asked him what he wished to know about farmers． He smiled and said， "That we walk among you． We look like you and talk like you． We have advanced degrees and hobbies， just like you．"
Take Dave for example： He's a young man with a music degree． And if you walked past him on the street， you'd never think， "There goes a farmer．"
Is someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer？ Probably not． I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls（工作服）． I can tell you， that does not represent Dave or any of the many other farmers I have gotten to know．
Not only do we have to throw out our previous impression of farmers， but farming as a whole doesn't look much like it used to either． We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like， and they found farmers to be completely different from our usual ideas about them and also came across them in some unexpected places．
In a parking lot in a neighborhood of Brooklyn， they met a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical（垂直的） farms． In a Florida field under the fight path of an airport， they discovered farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars． And in a modern farm in California， they observed how farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals．
These farmers all spend their days in very different ways-none of them looks like the previous farmer we have in our mind-but they're all working on new ways to feed our planet． Not only do we need to change our idea of what farming looks like， but we also need to change our view of where solutions can come from． Feeding all of us is going to take all of us working together．
19. How does Dave describe today's farmers？ ______
A. They often walk on the street．
B. They are leading a very busy life．
C. They are similar to ordinary people．
D. They have little time to make friends．
20. How does the author think most people see farmers？ ______
A. They usually wear overalls．
B. They have interesting hobbies．
C. They are skilled at growing crops．
D. They know modern farming practices．
21. What was the purpose of the team？ ______
A. To deepen connections among farmers．
B. To study different technologies in farming．
C. To find the new developments of modern farming．
D. To encourage farmers to use new farming method．
22. What do the farmers mentioned in Paragraph 5 have in common？ ______
A. They all work in the city．
B. They all use high technology．
C. They all do hard physical work．
D. They all work with universities．
F
Enjoy the challenge of a new term

The new term is finally here，which means，of course，it's time to return to school.
For many students across China，that also means having to leave home for the next several months and move into a school dormitory.
Being away from our family for a long time，however，often leads to homesickness，a feeling that most students have experienced at some point.
A study by the UK's National Union of Students found that up to 70 percent of UK students living away from home experience homesickness within their first few weeks of being away.
But homesickness isn't just a feeling of sadness that happens in our mind；it can also affect us physically.
"You feel homesickness in your stomach—it's an unease in which you feel uncomfortable，nervous，stressed because you're in a place or situation that's not familiar，" Joshua Klapow，a professor of public heath at the University of Alabama，us，told HuffPost.
According to Klapow，the body reacts physically when it's placed in an unknown situation such as being separated from one's familiar surroundings for a long time.
"It's an evolutionary（进化的） thing that makes us protect ourselves from danger when something is unknown，"he told the HuffPost.
"When we think about home，we know that the sense of unknown…is not happening there，so we want to return."
So how can we overcome these physical reactions？
Ruth Hardy of the Guardian offered advice for students who are feeling the effects of being away from the safety of home.
"Try and establish routines（常规） quickly.This can make your new environment feel more stable and will hopefully make you feel more settled，"she wrote.
Making friends with others who are in your situation is also a great way to feel less homesick，according to Hardy.
The most important thing to remember，however，is that homesickness is completely normal and is nothing to be ashamed of.
And once it's gone，you're free to enjoy the adventures and challenges of a brand new school year.


23. The study by the UK's National Union of Students is mentioned to ______ .
A. show how homesickness causes harm to students
B. prove it's common for students to feel homesick
C. introduce some causes of homesickness
D. show how all young people are troubled by homesickness
24. What can we learn about homesickness？ ______
A. It's only a feeling in our mind.
B. It usually disappears after a few weeks.
C. It has a physical influence on our body.
D. It always happens once we visit an unfamiliar place.
25. How does Hardy suggest people deal with homesickness？ ______
A. Take part in as many activities as possible.
B. Talk about your problems with your friends.
C. Get into a routine as early as possible.
D. Avoid seeing things related to your home life.
How old is "old"？

How old is "old"？ (1) More than two hundred years ago，you were old at 35.That was the average life then.At the turn of the 20th century，as medical knowledge advanced，the average life span（长度） increased to 45.In 1950，70-year-olds were really old.Today，a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.
So，how old is old？The answer is one you've heard many times，from all sorts of people. "You are as old or young as you feel!" The calendar（日历）simply tells you how many years you have lived. (2)
Once an unknown author wrote，"Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.Nobody grows old by living a number of years. (3) "
(4) Alice Brophy，when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging，said，"It upsets me when people say，'Gee，you look young for your age!' What does that mean？Is there some model that you're supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85？You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80."
There are many wrong ideas about aging. (5) Here are some of the more common ones.For example，most older people are in poor health，or older people are unable to change.

A.Old is a point of view.
B.It's extremely terrible to be grown old.
C.The answer has changed over the years.
D.Your body tells you how well you've lived.
E.Older people are stubborn，unable to change.
F.People grow old by giving up their goals.
G.These ideas stereotype（固化）people on the basis of age.

26.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
27.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
28.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
29.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
30.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
31. Most cultures have a festival of light. Each culture celebrates this festival in a different way. There is one thing that is the same, however, and this is the wish for peace and happiness in the world.
The Jewish Festival of Light is called Hanukkah. Hanukkah usually takes place in December. The story of why Hanukkah is celebrated is very old. It is told that a very long time ago, Jewish people called the Macabees were at war with a country called Syria. On the day that the Macabees won the war, they cleaned up their holy place, which is called a temple, because the Syrian people had been living there. They wanted to light their holy lamps to say thank you for the end of the war, but found only a very small amount of oil left over to do that. The Macabees lit the lamps anyway, thinking that they would soon go out. The lamps kept burning for eight days! The Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah every year by lighting a candlestick that has eight candleholders. Every night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eight candles stand together. Presents are given at this time and money is given to the poor.
Lanterns are another form of light. In China, lanterns are famous works of art. The Lantern Festival goes back more than 2                  ，000 years to the Qin Dynasty. It takes place on the 15th day of the Chinese New Year,bringing the New Year season to a close. During the festival,parks become a sea of lanterns. Sometimes streets are blocked off and lanterns are put down on each side to make a hallway of lanterns. People also hang lanterns in their gardens, outside their houses or on boats. The lanterns are made in many shapes, sizes and colours. They are usually made from silk, paper and plastic. Some are even made from ice. It is believed that these lanterns will guide visitors and the spirits of ancestors to the celebrations. The Lantern Festival is a time for families, young and old to spend together. Every New Year the wish is the same -peace and happiness to all.
(1) What's the same with the festivals of light in different cultures          ？（不超过 11 个单词） ______
(2) Why do the Jewish light a new candle every night during the festival            ？（不超过 12 个单词） ______
(3) What festival brings an end to the new year season         ？（不超过 5 个单词） ______
(4) What is the purpose of this article      ？（不超过 8 个单词） ______
32. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim计划今年来中国过春节，发邮件向你询问有关春节的习俗。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；
2.介绍春节的习俗（大扫除、看春晚、吃饺子、收红包等）；
3.建议他准备保暖衣物。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案和解析

1~10.【答案】B、D、A、C、D、A、C、D、A、C
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.speech演讲；B.exam考试；C.present礼物；D.custom习俗。句意：但最大的一次考试肯定是我的高中毕业考试。根据上文I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through"和下文"In May，I received notice that I had （9）the exam."可知，作者最大的挑战是毕业考试。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.teacher老师；B.expert专家；C.engineer工程师；D.student学生。句意：四年前，当我第一次来到捷克共和国时，我只是一个只会说英语的普通交换生。根据下文"I came up with the idea of（3）my high school studies there."可知，作者是个学生。故选D。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.finishing完成；B.canceling取消；C，examining检查；D.preparing准备。句意：在为期一年的交换项目结束时，我萌生了在那里完成高中学业的想法。根据下文"But I didn't realize the（4）of completing school in the Czech language"可知，作者想要在那里完成高中学业。故选A。
（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.value价值；B.ability能力；C.challenge挑战；D.benefit益处。句意：但我没有意识到用捷克语完成学业的挑战，捷克语被认为是世界上最流行的语言之一。根据上文"I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through."可知，此处是信息词challenge的词汇复现。故选C。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.places地点；B.music音乐；C.songs歌曲；D.languages语言。句意：但我没有意识到用捷克语完成学业的挑战，捷克语被认为是世界上最流行的语言之一。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代Czech language，此处表示捷克语被认为是世界上最流行的语言之一。故选D。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.knowledge知识；B.letter信；C.luck运气；D.magazine杂志。句意：由于我缺乏某些学科的知识，我得到了最差的分数，周围的人怀疑我是否能毕业。根据下文"I received the worst marks and people around doubted whether I could graduate."可知，作者由于缺乏某些学科知识，导致成绩差，不知能否毕业。故选A。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.money钱；B.fear害怕；C.confidence自信；D.worry担心。句意：渐渐地，我可以流利地与人交流，我的信心也增加了。根据上文"However，I practiced all he time."和下文"Gradually I could communicate with others fluently"可知，作者的自信心加强了。故选C。
（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sad难过的；B.troubled麻烦的；C.terrible可怕的；D.encouraged感到鼓舞的。句意：想到一路上帮助和支持我的每一个人，我感到鼓舞和自信。根据上文"Thinking about everyone who had helped and supported me along my journey"可知，作者受到许多支持者、帮助者的鼓舞。故选D。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.passed通过；B.failed失败；C.avoided避免；D.missed错过，思念。句意：在五月，我收到通知，我已经通过了考试。根据下文"At my graduation ceremony，my Czech teacher said very proudly in front of everyone."可知，作者收到考试通过的通知。故选A。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.got away离开；B.broke down分解，出故障；C.made it获得成功；D.calmed down冷静。句意："有一个学生，她来自中国，只学了三年捷克语，她成功了。"根据上文"In May，I received notice that I had（9）the exam."可知，作者最终通过了考试，获得了成功。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在捷克努力学习，通过考试的故事。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。

11.【答案】【小题1】after
【小题2】saw
【小题3】fingers
【小题4】herself
【解析】（1）考查固定短语。句意：我丈夫正在照顾我们的两个小侄女。look after"照顾"，是固定短语，故填after。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：他跑进房间，看见一只小蝎子，所以我丈夫把它捡了起来。see和ran into是并列的谓语动词，因此应该使用一般过去时，故填saw。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：他用手指握住蝎子的尾巴。丈夫用手握住蝎子的尾巴，应该是使用不止一只手指，因此finger要使用复数形式，故填fingers。
（4）考查反身代词。句意：她为自己感到自豪，一直谈论到睡觉。指主语本身，所以用用反身代词，故填herself。
（1）考查形容词。句意：瑜伽会让你感觉到放松。feel是联系动词，所以用形容词作表语，指人"放松的"，故填relaxed。
（2）考查动词不定式。句意：这个农场现在提供人们和山羊一起做瑜伽的机会。chance（机会）后面用不定式短语作后置定语，故填to do。
（3）考查副词。句意：动物真正地可以帮助人类处理压力、疾病或者是悲伤的情感。此处应该使用副词修饰动词help作状语，real"真的"是形容词，它的副词是really，故填really。
（1）考查定语从句。句意：但是，要体验你真诚的善意的全部力量，请将善意提供给对你粗心和无礼的人。先行词为人，在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。
（2）考查主谓一致。句意：做一个坚强，阻止粗鲁的人。根据第一个who引导的定语从句，可知第二个定语从句中的时态为一般现在时，并且who指代先行词the one在从句中作主语，谓语动词应为第三人称单数，故填stops。
（3）考查连词。句意：用善良和宽恕的力量为你服务。kindness（善良）和forgiveness（原谅）是并列的两个名词，故填and。
这是三个片段：A 这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲的是"我"丈夫在照看两个小侄女时，因为一只小蝎子两个女孩哭叫起来，在丈夫的鼓励下，大侄女勇敢地尝试拿一下这只蝎子，她为自己感到骄傲，一直谈论到睡觉。B 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是每天与山羊一起做瑜伽，实际上是让你在自然环境中到处走走，欣赏周围美丽的风景和可爱的动物，以帮助人类应对压力，疾病或悲伤。C 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲的是友善的力量，发挥善意的力量为每个人服务。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

12~14.【答案】C、B、D
【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据文章Royal Opera House Tours-London介绍内容，The guide at the Royal Opera House takes you through sections of the backstage area to the props （道具） room， where workers build the sets， the costume shop and the ballet studios．皇家歌剧院的导游会带你穿过后台区域的各个部分，来到道具室，那里是工人们建造布景、服装店和芭蕾舞工作室的地方．结合选项，故选C．
2．B．推理判断题．根据文章第一段， Fortunately， opera houses throughout Europe open their backstage doors to the public． Take advantage of these opportunities to look behind the scenes of some of the world's great opera houses．幸运的是，整个欧洲的歌剧院都向公众敞开了后台大门．利用这些机会，可以看看世界上一些伟大歌剧院的幕后．可知，后文提到的几个歌剧院都向公众开放后台，结合选项，故选B．
3．D．文章来源题．根据文章第一段，For some of us， the excitement of seeing a performance at a European opera house is just not enough． Fortunately， opera houses throughout Europe open their backstage doors to the public． Take advantage of these opportunities to look behind the scenes of some of the world's great opera houses．对我们中的一些人来说，在欧洲歌剧院观看演出的兴奋是远远不够的．幸运的是，整个欧洲的歌剧院都向公众敞开了后台的大门．利用这些机会，我们可以看看世界上一些伟大歌剧院的幕后．结合选项，该类文章应出现在文化网站上，故选D．
本文章主要讲述了整个欧洲的歌剧院都向公众敞开后台大门，观众可以利用这些机会，看看世界上一些伟大歌剧院的幕后，后文就一些大歌剧院幕后的情况进行了介绍和说明．
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．

15~18.【答案】D、C、C、B
【解析】（1）D．细节理解题，根据第三段Needless to say，I crashed the party and found my way to the president．I kindly introduced myself and then asked if they had a legal internship program．不用说，我把派对搞砸了，找到了总裁．我作了自我介绍，然后问他们是否有法律实习计划．可知作者之所以能够离开得克萨斯州，是因为她向StubHub B公司的总裁推荐了自己．故选D．
（2）C．词意猜测题．根据第四段后面的句子However，I got many other chances to be a legal intern in other companies．（不过，我还有很多机会在其他公司做法律实习生）可知，前面描述的是立法部门没有给我提供一个永久的职位，所以要到其他公司实习；由此可知permanent意为持久的．结合选项：A．suitable合适的；B．important重要的；C．long-lasting持久的；D．high-respected受人尊敬的．故选C．
（3）C．推理判断题，作者离开自己的家乡，去尝试一些不熟悉的事情，最后还能够满意地生活，可知作者是意志坚定的和富有冒险精神的．结合选项：A．Patient and honest．诚实有耐心的．B．Smart and humorous聪明幽默的．C．Determined and positive有决心积极的．D．Supportive and energetic支持和充满活力的．故选C．
（4）B．推理判断题，根据最后一段" I learned that it is so much more rewarding to try the unfamiliar than to stay in the comfortable．我知道尝试一些不熟悉的东西比呆在舒适的环境中更有意义"，可知跳出你的舒适区是值得的．故选B．
本文属于人生感悟类的短文阅读．主要讲述作者离开自己的家乡，去尝试一些不熟悉的事情，从中获得了很多新的感悟和体验，并能满意地生活工作．
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．细节理解题要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．

19~22.【答案】C、A、C、B
【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段中He smiled and said，"That we walk among you．We look like you and talk like you．We have advanced degrees and hobbies，just like you．"可知，他说："我们在你们中间行走．我们看起来像你，说话像你．就像您一样，我们拥有高级的学位和爱好，因此Dave认为今天的农民和普通人一样，故选C．
2．A．细节理解题．根据文章第三段中ls someone like Dave who you picture when you think of a farmer？Probably not．I think that most people would picture a man in his overalls工作服）可知，当您想到一个农民时，您会想到他们会是像戴夫（Dave）这样的人吗？可能不会．我认为大多数人会通过工作服来想象一个人，因此在作者看来大多数人会认为农民常穿工作服，A项符合题意．故选A．
3．C．推理判断题．根据第四段We recently sent a team out to see what modern farming looks like可知，我们派出了一个小组来考察现代农业的面貌，这与C项（寻找现代农业的新发展）的描述相符．故选C．
4．B．细节理解题．根据文章第五段中a new crop of young farmers who were trying to bring fresh greens closer to eaters in the city by growing them in high-tech indoor vertical（垂直的）farms；farmers with university degrees growing plants that might someday fuel our cars；farmers were using technology to take the best possible care of their animals．可知，调查小组发现农民在高科技的室内垂直农场中种植新鲜蔬菜；农民拥有大学学位，种植的植物有朝一日可以为我们的汽车加油．一个现代化农场中，农民利用技术来尽可能地照顾好动物，因此这些农民的共同点在于他们都使用了高科技来从事现代农业工作，故选B．
这是一篇说明文．文章讲述了现代的农民采用高科技从事农业活动，农民的形象已经不再是人们过去认为的样子了．
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．

23~25.【答案】B、C、C
【解析】（1）写作意图题。根据第四段A study by the UK's National Union of Students found that up to 70 percent of UK students living away from home experience homesickness within their first few weeks of being away．（英国全国学生联合会（National Union of Students）的一项研究发现，在离家生活的英国学生中，多达70%的人在离家后的头几周内会感到想家）可知，英国全国学生联合会的一项研究发现，高达70%的远离家庭的英国学生在离开家的头几周内会感到想家，可以看出很多学生在离开家一段时间后都会想家，可知提到了英国全国学生联盟的这项研究是为了证明学生想家是很常见的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第五段But homesickness isn't just a feeling of sadness that happens in our mind；it can also affect us physically．（但乡愁不仅仅是一种发生在我们心中的悲伤，它也会影响我们的身体。）可知，想家不只是一种在我们心中发生的悲伤之感 ，它也会在身体上影响我们，这与C项（它对我们的身体有影响）的描述相符。故选C。
（3）细节判断题。根据倒数第四段"Try and establish routines（常规） quickly．This can make your new environment feel more stable and will hopefully make you feel more settled，" she wrote．（她写道："试着快速建立日常生活，这样可以让你的新环境感觉更稳定，希望能让你感觉更安稳。"）可知，Hardy建议尝试快速进入常规生活，这可以使你在新环境中感到更加稳定和安定，这与C项（尽早进入常规生活）的描述相符。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文．文章介绍了大多数学生在离开家一段时间后会有想家的感觉，但是想家是完全正常的，不要感到羞耻．克服了这种感受，你就可以自由地享受全新的学年
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

26~30.【答案】C、D、F、A、G
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据后文"That was the average life then.At the turn of the 20th century，as medical knowledge advanced，the average life span（长度） increased to 45.In 1950，70-year-olds were really old.Today，a healthy 70-year-old is looking forward to many more active years.（在20世纪之交，随着医学知识的发展，平均寿命增加到了45岁。1950年70岁的人都很老了，今天，一个健康的70岁的人，期待着更多的活力。成功中获得灵感。）"比较不同时代对于老的不同的定义，可知，选项"C.The answer has changed over the years.多年来答案已经改变了。"符合语境。故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据前文"You are as old or young as you feel!" The calendar（日历）simply tells you how many years you have lived.（你的年龄和你的感觉一样!"日历只是告诉你你已经活了多少年。）"可知，表示你觉得自己老了（或年轻）了"，选项"D.Your body tells you how well you've lived.你的身体告诉你，你生活得有多好。"符合语境。故选D。
（3）F.细节理解题。根据前文"Youth is not a time of life but it is a state of mind.Nobody grows old by living a number of years.（青春不是人生的一个阶段，而是一种心态。没有人会因为活了几年而变老，）"可知，选项"F.People grow old by giving up their goals.人会因为放弃目标而变老。"符合语境。故选F。
（4）A.主旨大意题。根据本段后文"Alice Brophy，when she was with the New York City commission for the Aging，said，"It upsets me when people say，'Gee，you look young for your age!' What does that mean？Is there some model that you're supposed to look a certain way at 65 and 75 and 85？You know you can die old at 30 and live young at 80."（当 alice brophy 在纽约市老龄化委员会工作时，她说"当人们说"天哪，你看起来比你这个年纪还年轻的时候，我很不爽!"那是什么意思？有没有什么模特，在65岁75岁85岁的时候，看起来应该是特定的样子？你知道你可以在30岁老死，在80岁活得更年轻。"）可知，作者通过举例子来证明人们对于老的看法，因此选项"A.Old is a point of view.老是一种观点。"符合语境。故选A。
（5）G.细节理解题。根据前文"There are many wrong ideas about aging.（关于老龄化有许多错误的看法，）"可知，选项"G.These ideas stereotype（固化）people on the basis of age.这些观念固化了年龄给人的印象。"符合语境。故选G。
本文讲述了到底几岁才算是老年人，后来总结出心态比实际年龄更重要这一观点。
关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。

31.【答案】【小题1】The wish for peace and happiness in the world
【小题2】To ensure all eight candles stand together on the eighth night
【小题3】The Lantern Festival
【小题4】To introduce festivals of light from two cultures
【解析】（1）The wish for peace and happiness in the world.细节理解题．根据第一段最后一句"There is one thing that is the same, however, and this is the wish for peace and happiness in the world."可知，各个文化中庆祝光明的节日有一点是相同的，也就是对于世界和平和福祉的祈愿．可以据此回答为：The wish for peace and happiness in the world.
（2）To ensure all eight candles stand together on the eighth night.细节理解题．根据第二段倒数第二句"Every night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eight candles stand together."可知，每晚点亮一支新蜡烛是为了保证在第八天晚上，全部八支蜡烛能齐亮．可以据此回答为：To ensure all eight candles stand together on the eighth night.
（3）The Lantern Festival.细节理解题．根据第三段第二、三句"The Lantern Festival goes back more than 2，000 years to the Qin Dynasty. It takes place on the15thday of the Chinese New Year, bringing the New Year season to a close."可知，正是元宵节宣告了中国新年的结束．可以据此回答为：The Lantern Festival.
（4）To introduce festivals of light from two cultures.写作意图题．根据文章首句"Most cultures have a festival of light."并结合全文内容可知，该篇文章就是在以犹太人的光明节和中国的元宵节为例，介绍不同文化中的庆祝光明的节日．可以据此回答为：To introduce festivals of light from two cultures
这是一篇记叙文．许多文化中都有庆祝光明的节日，文章中介绍了犹太人的光明节和中国的元宵节．
①通读全文，弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度．
②根据问题去寻找答案，避免答非所问．
③简练作答，不要画蛇添足．组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等．
④认真核查，逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，是否答非所问，是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误，如果对字数有要求，是否符合要求．
⑤答案形式要符合提问方式，如原文中提问方式为"why"，那么就要用"because"引导的从句来回答

32.【答案】Dear Jim,
    ①Knowing from your last letter that you have planned to spend the Spring Festival in China, I am so delighted and can't wait to say welcome to you.
    There are some interesting customs during the Spring Festival. We do a thorough cleaning before the festival and put paper cutting on windows to decorate the room. Usually, we stay up to watch the Spring Festival Gala. Children will receive red-bags and family will eat dumplings together. There are also some other activities, such as dancing or setting off fireworks. Normally, the weather during the festival is rather cold, so you'd better take some warm clothes.
    I'm sure you will have a good time and spend a wonderful festival. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】【思路点拨】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。话题为你的英国笔友Jim计划今年来中国过春节，发邮件向你询问有关春节的习俗，请你给他回复邮件。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。
【亮点词汇】
①can't wait to迫不及待地去
②stay up不睡觉，熬夜

【高分句型】
①Knowing from your last letter that you have planned to spend the Spring Festival in China, I am so delighted and can't wait to say welcome to you.（动词的-ing形式作状语）

【结构布局】
引言：表示欢迎
中心：介绍春节的习俗及建议他准备保暖衣物
结尾：表达期盼

【拓展词汇】
①broaden one's horizons开阔眼界
②with the purpose/aim/intention of目的是
③date from/date back to追溯到

【拓展句型】
①As is known, …, a symbol of traditional Chinese culture/one of the most popular forms of Chinese art, is still attached great importance to in modern China.（众所周知，……，中国传统文化的象征/中国最流行的艺术形式之一，在现代中国仍然受到重视。）
②In addition/Besides/Additionally, typical of Chinese culture, ...conveys a unique meaning of...（除此之外，典型的中国文化，……传达……的独特意义。）