2022-2023学年陕西省渭南市蒲城县高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年陕西省渭南市蒲城县高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。
蒲城县2021～2022学年度第一学期期末检测
高二英语
注意事项：
1.本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，答题时间为120分钟;
2.答卷前，考生须准确填写自己的姓名、准考证号，并认真核准条形码上的姓名、准考证号;
3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0. 5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰;
4.考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理;试题卷不回收。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题，每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从试题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the woman have a job interview?
A. At 9:00 am. B. At 11:00 am. C. At 10:00 am.
2. What food did the woman cook?
A. Japanese food. B. Chinese food. C. Thai food.
3. Why did the woman refuse to go to the cinema with Bob?
A. She didn’t like him. B. She was too tired that day. C. She had quarreled with him.
4. What did the woman do last Saturday?
A. She attended a meeting. B. She travelled to Atlanta. C. She stayed at home.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the railway station. B. At a restaurant. C. At the cinema.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which part of the house did the man finish painting?
A. The front hall. B. The kitchen. C. The bedroom.
7. How many children does the man have?
A. One. B. Three. C. Two.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where does the woman work?
A. In a school. B. In a zoo. C. On a farm.
9. What does the woman say about the weather in summer?
A. Extremely hot. B. Nice. C. Cool.
10. How many pets does the woman have?
A. 2. B. 5. C. 3.
第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What does the man help the woman do?
A. Pass her some paper.
B. Put something on the bottom shelf.
C. Have the printer fixed.
12. What is Betty Applegate?
A. An accountant. B. An assistant. C. A manager.
13. How long has the man worked here?
A. About a week. B. About three years. C. About three months.
14. Why did the man leave his last job?
A. He felt stressed.
B. The atmosphere was too relaxed. C. His salary was too low.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. Why does the man call the woman?
A. To come on the trip. B. To change the time of the trip. C. To talk with Jack and Jane.
16. What will the man do tomorrow?
A. Get the air tickets.
B. Deal with his family emergency.
C. Call Jack and Jane.
17. When does the man plan to travel to Michigan?
A. Early next month. B. Next Sunday. C. Next week.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does Tom’s father expect him to be in the future?
A. An artist. B. A teacher. C. A doctor.
19. Where is Tom studying now?
A. In an art school. B. In a high school. C. In a medical school.
20. What does Tom think of his future?
A. It’s uncertain. B. It’s unreal. C. It’s bright.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题, 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选岀最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you want to know the world, you must know famous global media. Here are four well-known ones that can help you learn about what are happening in the world without leaving home.
The Sun
The Sun is a popular newspaper owned by News Corporation founded by Keith Rupert Murdoch. It is filled with the jokes about heads of state and major events both inside and outside Britain such as mayor’s trousers not being tied properly, politicians9 sleeping during conferences and so on. Its lively and popular style just meets the taste of the lower classes. Now its annual circulation (发行量) has reached 23, 100 , 000 copies.
Daily Mail
Daily Mail, compared to The Sunnis a little more serious. Reading Daily Mail, you can not only understand main political and economic events, but also find some relaxing and helpful contents. Well-known for favorite topics for women, it is extremely popular with middle-class housewives. Now its annual circulation has come to 20 , 930, 000 copies.
Onion News
Onion News is the most popular satirical (讽刺的) magazine in the United States with a circulation of 6, 900, 000 copies a year, covering domestic, foreign and local news including entertaining newspapers and websites. Most onion readers are between 18 and 44 years old.
The New Yorker
The New Yorker is a comprehensive magazine of America. It is mainly on non-fiction, including reports and comments on politics, international affairs, popular culture, art, science, technology and business. It also publishes literary works, but mainly short stories and poems, as well as humorous sketches and its different style of The New Yorker cartoons. Its annual circulation adds up to 10, 209, 000 copies.
1. According to the text, who may be the most loyal readers of The Sun?
A. Mayors. B. Mid-class women. C. Politicians. D. Lower classes.
2. Which medium has the smallest circulation?
A. Onion News. B. Daily Mail. C. The New Yorker. D. The Sun.
3. Which topic is least possibly published in The New Yorker?
A. Popular culture report. B. A topic for women.
C. Humorous sketch. D. A short story.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四家著名的全球媒体，可以帮助你在足不出户的情况下了解世界事务。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Daily Mail部分的“Well-known for favorite topics for women, it is extremely popular with middle-class housewives.(它以女性最喜欢的话题而闻名，在中产阶级家庭主妇中非常受欢迎。)”可知，中产阶级的家庭主妇可能是《每日邮报》最忠实的读者，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Sun中“Now its annual circulation (发行量) has reached 23, 100 , 000 copies.(现在它的年发行量已达2310万份。)”，Daily Mail中“Now its annual circulation has come to 20, 930, 000 copies.(现在它的年发行量已达2093万份。)”，Onion News中“with a circulation of 6, 900, 000 copies a year(年发行量为690万份)”，The New Yorker中“Its annual circulation adds up to 10, 209, 000 copies.(它的年发行量总计达1020.9万册。)”可知，Onion News的发行量最小。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据The New Yorker中的“It is mainly on non-fiction, including reports and comments on politics, international affairs, popular culture, art, science, technology and business. It also publishes literary works, but mainly short stories and poems, as well as humorous sketches and its different style of The New Yorker cartoons.(它以非虚构题材为主，包括政治、国际事务、流行文化、艺术、科学、技术和商业方面的报道和评论。它也出版文学作品，但主要是短篇小说和诗歌，以及幽默的小品和它不同风格的《纽约客》漫画。)”可知，女性话题最不可能在《纽约客》上发表。故选B。
B
During the last twenty years there has been increasing concern with the quality of the environment. Along with air and water pollutants, noise pollution has been considered as a serious pollutant. As noise levels have risen, the effects of noise have become more obvious.
Noise is described as “unwanted sound”. Causes of noise pollution include traffic, aircraft, rock bands, barking dogs, television, garbage trucks, and noise from neighbors, voices, alarms, and boats. Studies show that over forty percent of Americans are disturbed at home or lose sleep because of noise pollution.
Noise has bad effects on people and the environment. Noise causes hearing loss, interferes (干扰) with human activities at home and work, and is in various ways dangerous to people’s health and well-being.
When we think, talk, listen to music, or sleep, we need quiet. Even low levels of noise can be annoying or frustrating. Sudden increases in volume can make sounds annoying. The quieter the background is, the more penetrating a noise can be.
Noise can also make instructions or warning unclear, resulting in accidents. Louder noise bursts can cause more problems. Continued stress caused by living in noisy conditions can lead to high blood pressure, which is the major cause of some diseases.
Long exposure to noise levels above eighty-five decibels (分贝) can damage inner ear cells and lead to hearing loss. Noise can result in the uncontrolled fear response and can cause adrenaline (肾上腺素) to be pumped into the bloodstream, the heart rate to quicken, muscles to tense, breathing to go up, and the digestive system to slow down.
Local government has the responsibility to fight noise pollution. For example, it can regulate the speed of trains through their community. On the other hand, a responsible citizen will never make noise pollution wherever he is.
4. What does the underlined word “penetrating” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. High and exciting. B. Deep and shocking
C. Loud and unpleasant. D. Clear and comfortable.
5. Which of the following is related to noise pollution?
A. Fast digestive system. B. Low blood pressure.
C. Slow heart rate. D. Fast breathing.
6. In the last para graph, the author suggests that ________.
A. people who make noise pollution should be punished
B. the government should be responsible for fighting noise pollution
C. the government should offer its people better education on noise pollution
D. people and the government should work together to reduce noise pollution
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Measurement of noise levels. B. Bad effects of noise pollution.
C. Hearing damage from environmental noise. D. Community reactions to noise.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述噪音污染带来的负面影响，并呼吁政府和人们各尽其责，共同努力，减少噪音污染。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“The quieter the background is, the more penetrating a noise can be.”(背景越安静，噪音就越penetrating。)可知，penetrating是形容词，描述背景安静的情况下，噪音的情况，根据常识，背景越安静，噪音就会显得越大声且不悦耳，所以penetrating的意思应该是“大声且不悦耳”，和选项C意思一致。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Noise can result in the uncontrolled fear response and can cause adrenaline (肾上腺素) to be pumped into the bloodstream, the heart rate to quicken, muscles to tense, breathing to go up, and the digestive system to slow down.”(噪音会导致不受控制的恐惧反应，并导致肾上腺素被泵入血液，心跳加快，肌肉紧张，呼吸加快，消化系统下降。)可知，噪音会导致呼吸加快。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Local government has the responsibility to fight noise pollution. For example, it can regulate the speed of trains through their community. On the other hand, a responsible citizen will never make noise pollution wherever he is.”(地方政府有责任治理噪音污染。例如，它可以调节通过社区的列车速度。另一方面，一个负责任的公民无论在哪里都不会制造噪音污染。)可知，地方政府和每一个公民都应该为减少噪音做出努力。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Along with air and water pollutants, noise pollution has been considered as a serious pollutant. As noise levels have risen, the effects of noise have become more obvious.”(噪声污染与空气和水污染物一起被认为是一种严重的污染物。随着噪声水平的提高，噪声的影响也变得更加明显。)可知，这篇文章主要讲述噪音污染带来的负面影响。故选B。
C
As William Shakespeare is to literature in English, so is the poet Du Fu to the Chinese literary tradition. “We have Dante, Shakespeare and Du Fu. These poets create the very values by which poetry is judged, ” remarked Harvard Professor Stephen Owen in Du Fu, Chinas Greatest Poet, a new BBC documentary.
Aimed at introducing the charm and beauty of traditional Chinese literature to viewers around the globe, the documentary invited famous British actor Ian McKellen to read 15 of Du’s poems that have been translated into English.
The one-hour film traces the poet’s life experiences in detail. Born in 712, Du lived under the reign of the Tang Emperor Xuanzong (713—756)， a time marked by extraordinary prosperity,
However, inclusiveness and cultural accomplishment， as the An Lushan Rebellion floored the empire, the 43-year-old Du, the former civil servant at the Tang court, had to take his family out of his hometown, and faced starvation and sufferings. Through ups and downs, the poet never stopped writing and about 1, 500 poems have been kept over the ages.
Even though he never held a high position in the government, Du still cared about common people. For example, in the poem My Cottage Unroofed by Autumn Gales, he wrote that “Could I get mansions covering ten thousand miles, Pel house all scholars poor and make them beam with smiles”.
“That is why he was honored as a Poet Sage(诗圣)by later generations. A difficult life and his spirit of concern about the world helped him create so many masterpieces, ” Shi Wenxue, a cultural critic based in Beijing, told the Global Times.
Without doubt, Du is a cultural symbol of ancient China, but his brilliant works and core spirits have also inspired people outside of China. As the documentary noted, his work represents a precious cultural heritage for the entire world, not just China.
8. What can we know about the documentary?
A. It introduces Shakespeare.
B. Du Fu is acted by Ian McKellen in it.
C. Its target audience is Chinese.
D. It shows 15 of Du Fu’s poems to the audience.
9 Why was Du Fu honored as a Poet Sage by later generations?
A. Because of his caring about common people.
B Because of his poem My Cottage Unroofed by Autumn Gales.
C. Because of his low position in the government.
D. Because of his sentences of the poem.
10. What most inspired Du’s creation according to Shi Wenxue?
A. His work experience.
B. Hard life and his caring spirit.
C. The An Lushan Rebellion.
D. The Tang dynasty culture background.
11. In which column of a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Sports. B. Health. C. Literature. D. Science.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了BBC的一部关于诗圣杜甫的纪录片，且讲述了杜甫的生活故事和他的伟大之处。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Aimed at introducing the charm and beauty of traditional Chinese literature to viewers around the globe, the documentary invited famous British actor Ian McKellen to read 15 of Du’s poems that have been translated into English.（为了向全球观众介绍中国传统文学的魅力和美丽，这部纪录片邀请了英国著名演员伊恩·麦克莱恩(Ian McKellen)朗诵了杜甫的15首英译诗。）”可知，这个纪录片向观众展示了杜甫的十五首诗。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Even though he never held a high position in the government, Du still cared about common people.（尽管杜甫在政府从来没有担任过很高的职位，但他仍然关心着老百姓。）”以及第六段第一句“That is why he was honored as a Poet Sage(诗圣)by later generations. A difficult life and his spirit of concern about the world helped him create so many masterpieces, （因此被后世尊称为“诗圣”。艰难的生活和他对世界的关心帮助他创造了如此多的杰作。”）”可知，杜甫被称为诗圣的原因是因为他关心百姓。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段““That is why he was honored as a Poet Sage(诗圣)by later generations. A difficult life and his spirit of concern about the world helped him create so many masterpieces, ” Shi Wenxue, a cultural critic based in Beijing, told the Global Times.（因此被后世尊称为“诗圣”。艰难的生活和他对世界的关怀精神帮助他创作了这么多杰作，”北京文化评论家施文学在接受《环球时报》采访时表示。）”可知，艰难的生活和杜甫对于百姓的关怀使他创作了很多杰出的诗歌。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。本篇文章主要讲述了杜甫的诗歌以及杜甫创作诗歌背后的故事以及时代背景，以及杜甫的诗歌对于中国乃至世界文学的贡献。这篇文章可能会出现在报纸的文学板块。故选C项。
D
Did you know it’s possible to swim with whales in the ocean while lying on a hospital bed? Have you imagined experiencing your 74th birthday as a 20-something? Medical virtual reality is an area with interesting and attractive possibilities. Although the field is brand new, there are already great examples of VR having a positive effect on health care. Here are some.
Have you ever lain down on a hospital bed counting the clays until you leave the hospital? Brennan Spiegel and his team at the Cedars-Sinai hospital in Los Angeles introduced VR worlds to their patients to help them reduce stress and pain. With the special glasses, they could escape the four walls of the hospital and enjoy amazing scenery in Iceland, take part in the work of an art studio or swim together with whales in the ocean. So the hospital experience is improved.
As we know, the experience in a hospital is even more stressful for small children who miss their parents and friends. Now, a Dutch company made their dream possible. Through a smart phone and virtual glasses, VisitU makes live contact possible with a 360 degree camera at the patient’s home, school or special occasions like a birthday celebration or a football game. Though staying in hospital, young patients can relax and still enjoy their lives.
Did you wonder what it feels like to grow old? Embodied Labs created “We Are Alfred” by using VR technology to show young medical students what ageing means. Everyone can be the imagined Alfred for 7 minutes, and experience what it feels like to live as a 74-year-old man. Thus it’s possible to solve the disconnection between young doctors and elderly patients clue to their huge age difference.
MindMotionPro, produced by the Swiss Mindmaze, allows patients with a brain injury to u practicen how to lift their arms or move their fingers with the help of virtual reality. The app makes the practice of repetitive movements fun for patients. The mental effort helps their damaged nervous systems to recover much faster than lying helplessly in bed.
12. What is implied in the questions raised in Paragraph 1?
A. The characters of medical VR.
B. The function of medical VR.
C. The popularity of medical VR.
D. The limitation about medical VR.
13. In what aspect does medical VR play a great role according to Paragraph 2?
A. Relaxing patients in hospital.
B. Raising the hospitals’ price.
C. Exposing patients to real life.
D. Making patients adapt to their surroundings.
14. What is the real purpose of “We Are Alfred”?
A. To make doctors trust their patients.
B. To increase doctors’ interest in their work.
C. To help doctors experience the life of an elder.
D. To help young doctors know much about elderly patients.
15. Which example is intended to show that medical VR speeds up recovery?
A. Spieget’s special glasses. B. The application of VisitU.
C. The use of MindMotionPro. D. The creation of “We Are Alfred”.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了虚拟现实技术在医疗方面的应用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Did you know it's possible to swim with whales in the ocean while lying on a hospital bed? Have you imagined experiencing your 74t birthday as a 20-something? Medical virtual reality is an area with interesting and attractive possibilities.”（你知道躺在病床上和鲸鱼在海里游泳是可能的吗？你有没有想过，当你20多岁的时候，你会体验74岁的生日？医学虚拟现实是一个有趣而有吸引力的领域。）可知，第一段提出的问题暗示了虚拟现实技术在医疗方面的作用。故选B项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Brennan Spiegel and his team at the Cedars-Sinai hospital in Los Angeles introduced VR worlds to their patients to help them reduce stress and pain.”（Brennan Spiegel和他在洛杉矶雪松西奈医院的团队向他们的患者介绍了虚拟现实世界，以帮助他们减轻压力和疼痛。）以及“So the hospital experience is improved.”（因此，医院的经验得到了改善。）可知，虚拟现实技术有助于帮助病人们减轻压力和疼痛，让病人放松。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thus it’s possible to solve the disconnection between young doctors and elderly patients due to their huge age difference.”（这样就有可能解决年轻医生和老年患者由于年龄差异过大而产生的脱节问题）可知，We Are Alfred的真正目的是帮助年轻医生了解老年病人。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The mental effort helps their damaged nervous systems to recover much faster than lying helplessly in bed.”（与无助地躺在床上相比，精神上的努力帮助他们受损的神经系统恢复得更快。）可知，MindMotionPro的应用有助于康复。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题, 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Staying Healthy at College
Is there anything upsetting you after you go to college? Here are some suggestions on adapting to college life quickly.
Exercise and keep active
Regular exercise can enhance your life in different ways. Physical activity will improve the quality of your sleep. _____16_____, and improve the quality of your life. You can go to the gym with a friend to stay motivated. You can also join a sports team.
Stay hydrated
Water can give you energy, remove waste, and regulate your body temperature. It’s important to drink enough fresh water every day because dehydration can make you sick. Don’t wait until you are thirsty—by that time, you’ll be probably already dehydrated. _____17_____.
_____18_____
Lack of sleep can lead to decreased ability to fight diseases, reduced productivity and increased stress level. As a result, it negatively affects your college performance. So you should go to bed early. Avoid caffeinated (含有咖啡因的)drinks in the evening, and do not pull all-nighters.
Keep a healthy diet
_____19_____Never skip breakfast, which will give you early morning energy that you’ll need to work productively in class. Get a well-balanced meal every time and avoid fast food, which is bad for your health. Don9t eat too much at once to avoid overeating. Instead, pack small snack foods and bring them with you to class.
Manage your stress level
College can be stressful without proper time management. Long-term stress can have a negative impact on your physical and mental health. _____20_____, which can help you avoid pulling all- nighters. Schedule enough time for your hobbies and socializing with your friends, and take regular breaks to relax.
A. Eat enough fruits
B. Sleep enough each night
C. Develop healthy eating habits
D. Make a work and study schedule
E. It will reduce your anxiety and depression
F. You will feel better and look better by physical exercise
G. One good idea is to bring a bottle of fresh water with you
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些快速适应大学生活的建议。
【16题详解】
结合前文“Regular exercise can enhance your life in different ways. Physical activity will improve the quality of your sleep. ”（有规律的运动可以在不同方面提高你的生活质量。体育活动可以改善你的睡眠质量。）可知运动对健康有好处。下文“and improve the quality of your life. ”（并且提高你的生活质量。）同样讲述体育活动的好处。因此，空处应承接上文，讲述体育活动的好处。选项E.“它会减轻你的焦虑和抑郁”，代词it此处指“physical activity”切题，故选E。
【17题详解】
结合前文“Don’t wait until you are thirsty—by that time, you’ll be probably already dehydrated.”（不要等到你口渴的时候——到那时，你可能已经脱水了。）可知，不要等到你口渴的时候在喝水，因为那时候可能已经脱水，所以空处承接上文，讲述解决口渴甚至脱水的办法就是带一瓶水。选项G.“一个好主意是随身带一瓶饮用水”切题，故选G。
【18题详解】
结合下文“Lack of sleep can lead to decreased ability to fight diseases, reduced productivity and increased stress level. As a result, it negatively affects your college performance. So you should go to bed early. ”（缺乏睡眠会导致抵抗疾病的能力下降、生产力下降和压力增加。因此，它会对你的大学成绩产生负面影响。所以你应该早睡。）讲述缺乏睡眠带来的不利影响，要早睡。因而，作为段落的主题句，应该讲述要有足够的睡眠。选项B.“每晚有足够的睡眠”切题，故选B。
【19题详解】
本段段落标题“Keep a healthy diet”（保持健康的饮食习惯）可知段落会围绕这个话题展开。下文“Never skip breakfast, which will give you early morning energy that you’ll need to work productively in class. Get a well-balanced meal every time and avoid fast food, which is bad for your health.”（永远不要不吃早餐，早餐会给你清晨的能量，让你在课堂上有效率地工作。每次均衡饮食，避免吃快餐，因为快餐对你的健康有害。）说明要有好的饮食习惯和均衡饮食，因而空处应讲述要有健康的饮食习惯。选项C.“养成健康的饮食习惯”切题，故选C。
【20题详解】
结合上文“College can be stressful without proper time management. Long-term stress can have a negative impact on your physical and mental health.”（如果没有适当的时间管理，大学生活会很有压力。长期的压力会对你的身心健康产生负面影响。）说明没有时间管理，会最身心和健康产生负面影响。下文“ which can help you avoid pulling all- nighters. Schedule enough time for your hobbies and socializing with your friends, and take regular breaks to relax.”（可以帮助你避免通宵工作。为你的爱好和朋友们安排足够的时间，定期休息放松。）所以空处应承接上文，讲述必须要有合理的时间安排。选项D.“制定工作和学习计划”切题，故选D。
第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选岀适合填入对应空白处的最佳选 项, 并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
He came from somewhere south of Italy. I didn’t know when or how he got to America, ___21___ maybe. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage, extremely ___22___, being all skins and bones.
“My name Tony Trivionno and I mow (WO) your lawn.” he said. It was hard to understand his ___23___ English. “I mow your lawn,” he said again and walked away. Yes, these depression days were difficult, but how could I ___24___ a person who had come to me for help?
When I got home the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the driveway ___25___ and the garden weeded. ___26___, my wife assumed I had hired him. I told her of my ___27___ the night before. And we thought it strange that he had not asked for ___28___.
The next two days were busy, and I ___29___about him. But on Friday, I saw him, behind my ____30____again and busy around.
I managed to ____31____ some small weekly pay for him and each clay he cleaned up the yard and took care of any little ____32____. He was very helpful whenever there were any heavy objects to carry or things to fix in my factory.
“I want to be an apprentice(学徒),” he said one day. ____33____ we had a good Prentice school that trained laborers, I doubted whether he had the ability to ____34____ blueprints and micrometers (千分尺). Therefore, he took a ____35____ in pay to become an apprentice.
Many years later, I found him in our ____36____ meeting spot, much heavier than he used to be and taking on a look of ____37____. He was a millionaire now!
Tony came to America seeking the American Dream. But he did not find it—he ____38____ it himself. Tony didn’t begin on the bottom rung of the ladder. He began in the ____39____ Tony’s affairs were tiny, and all he had were 24 hours a day. He wasted none of them and ____40____ finally.
21. A. cycled B. swam C. skied D. jogged
22. A. happy B. lucky C. thin D. strong
23. A. repeated B. excellent C. simple D. broken
24. A. refuse B. accept C. invite D. ask
25. A. decorated B. swept C. blocked D. marked
26. A. Hopefully B. Fortunately C. Obviously D. Secretly
27. A. impression B. anxiety C. project D. experience
28. A. trouble B. pay C. award D. leave
29. A. wandered B. thought C. worried D. forgot
30. A. garage B. factory C. school D. gallery
31. A. bring in B. leave out C. work out D. take in
32. A. tasks B. kids C. animals D. arguments
33. A. Because B. When C. While D. Since
34. A. read B. record C. copy D. draw
35. A. rise B. cut C. step D. break
36. A. casual B. memorable C. formal D. familiar
37. A. confidence B. confusion C. amusement D. astonishment
38. A. discovered B. acknowledged C. deserved D. created
39. A. office B. basement C. hotel D. history
40. A. delayed B. cancelled C. succeeded D. failed
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了一个叫Tony Trivionno的人，在身无分文的情况下来到美国，他从割草坪和打扫卫生开始，为自己挣得学费，成为Prentice school的学员，并最终通过自己的努力成为百万富翁。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他是什么时候或怎样来到美国的，或许是游泳过来的。A. cycled骑自行车；B. swam游泳；C. skied滑雪；D. jogged慢跑。根据上文“He came from somewhere south of Italy”和常识可知，他是从罗马来到美国，罗马属于欧洲，美国属于北美洲，两大洲之间是海洋，所以猜测是“游泳”过来的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但有一天晚上，我发现他站在车道上，在我的车库后面，非常瘦，全是皮包骨头。A. happy快乐的；B. lucky幸运的；C. thin瘦的；D. strong强壮的。根据空后“being all skins and bones”可知，他非常瘦，所以显得是皮包骨头。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很难理解他蹩脚的英语。A. repeated重复的；B. excellent优秀的；C. simple简单的；D. broken不流利的，蹩脚的。根据上文的“My name Tony Trivionno and mow (WO) your lawn.”和下文的“he said again and walked away”可知，他的英语说的不流利，是蹩脚的。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：是的，这些萧条的日子很困难，但我怎么能拒绝一个来找我帮助的人呢？A. refuse拒绝；B. accept接受；C. invite邀请；D. ask询问。根据下文“When I got home the next evening, the lawn had been mowed”可知，作者未拒绝Tony Trivionno帮助他修剪草坪，本句为反问句，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第二天晚上回到家的时候，草坪被修剪了，人行道被打扫了，花园被除草了。A. decorated装饰；B. swept打扫；C. blocked阻塞；D. marked标记。由上文“When I got home the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the driveway”可知，Tony帮作者干了活——草坪被修剪了，花园被除草了，人行道也应该是被打扫了，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：很显然，我妻子以为我雇佣了他。A. Hopefully希望；B. Fortunately幸运；C. Obviously显而易见；D. Secretly秘密。上句话提到草坪被修剪了，人行道被打扫了，花园被除草了，由此可知，当有人帮家里干活时，妻子很容易认为是丈夫雇用的，所以用副词“很显然”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我前一天晚上的经历。A impression印象；B. anxiety焦虑；C. project项目；D. experience经验；经历。这里应该是作者向妻子解释了前一天遇到Tony的经历。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们觉得很奇怪，他没有要求报酬。A. trouble麻烦；B. pay工资；C. award奖励；D. leave休假。由上文“And we thought it strange that he had not asked for”可知，Tony帮作者家做了很多事，作者本来认为他是为挣钱的，但令作者奇怪的是，他没要工资。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的两天很忙，我忘记了他的事。A. wandered徘徊；B. thought意为；C. worried担心；D. forgot忘记。根据上句“The next two days were busy”作者说很忙，所以应该是作者忘了他的事。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在星期五，我又看到了他，在我的车库后面，忙着。A. garage车库；B. factory工厂；C. school学校；D. gallery画廊。根据上文“But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage”以及本句中“behind my ___10___again”可知他出现在了和上次一样的地方——车库后面，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我设法为他结算了一点周薪。A. bring in带来；B. leave out遗漏；C. work out计算，解决；D. take in吸收。根据上文，Tony一直为作者家干活，所以尽管生活困难，作者还是想办法给他结算薪水。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天他都在清理院子，做好任何小的任务。A. tasks任务；B. kids孩子；C. animals动物；D. arguments论点。由上文“each clay he cleaned up the yard and took care of any little”可知，Tony每天帮作者打扫，做好这种小任务。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们有一所很好的普伦蒂斯学校来培训工人，但我怀疑他是否有能力阅读蓝图和千分尺。A. Because因为；B. When当；C. While虽然；D. Since因为。上文说Tony想成为学徒，结合下文“I doubted whether”可知，主从句应该是转折的逻辑关系，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们有一所很好的普伦蒂斯学校来培训工人，但我怀疑他是否有能力阅读蓝图和千分尺。A. read读取；B. record记录；C. copy复制；D. draw绘制。根据空后提到的“blueprints and micrometers”可知，应该是要会读这些东西。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他降了薪水成为了学徒。A. rise上升；B. cut裁剪；C. step步骤；D. break休息。take a cut 为短语，意为“消减”，此处指Tony将所得薪水的一部分拿出来当学费。故选B。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多年以后，在我们熟悉的见面地点我又发现了他。A. casual随意的；B. memorable可记忆的；C. formal正式的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“our”和下文“meeting spot,”可知，此处指在我们以前经常见面的地方，即熟悉的地方。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年以前，在我们熟悉的见面地点我又发现了他，他比以前胖了，呈现出自信的表情。A. confidence自信；B. confusion困惑；C. amusement娱乐；D. astonishment吃惊。后文提到“He was a millionaire now”可知，他现在是百万富翁，所以应该是更自信了。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有找到美国梦，所以他自己创造了美国梦。A. discovered发现；B. acknowledged承认；C. deserved值得；D. created创造。根据上一句“Tony came to America seeking the American Dream. But he did not find it”再结合上文提到他成功了，可知，他虽然没有找到美国梦，但用自己勤劳的双手创造了美国梦。故选D。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从地下室开始。A. office办公室；B. basement地下室；C. hotel酒店；D. history历史。根据上句“Tony didn't begin on the bottom rung of the ladder.(他不是从最低一级的阶梯往上爬的)”可知，Tony的起点比一般人更低，所以用“地下室”符合语境。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有浪费任何时光，最终成功了。A. delayed延迟；B. cancelled取消；C. succeeded成功；D. failed失败。根据前文“Tony’s affairs were tiny, and all he had were 24 hours a day. (托尼的事情很小，他只有一天24小时。)”以及本句“He wasted none of them”可知，他来到美国创造美国梦，每天24小时从不浪费，最终成功了。故选C。
第二节语法填空(共10小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thirty-two percent of 2, 000 men ____41____ (survey) in the UK said that they did not wash their hands after ____42____ (use) the toilet. However, the spread of COVID-19 has made more and more men wash their hands more ____43____ (frequent) than before.
Several months ago, ____44____ was unusual to see a man using the sinks in a public toilet. However, since the outbreak, more men have been washing their hands. A reporter said, “For once, there are lines in men’s restrooms as the COVID-19 makes men wash their____45____ (hand) for the first time.”
Governments around the world have been stressing the importance of handwashing, ____46____should not just be done after people use the bathroom but also throughout the day. Experts say regular handwashing is the best way ____47____ (prevent) the spread of COVID-19. Health experts in the UK and the USA have told people to wash their hands for____48____least 20 seconds each time—or the time it takes to sing “Happy Birthday” twice.
A listener who called a UK radio station spoke about the first time he realized many men started to believe regular handwashing could be ____49____ (help) in protecting them from disease. It was last week when he____50____ (stop) at the toilets on a highway, he said, “ There were eight sinks and men were carefully washing their hands in all of them. ”
【答案】41. surveyed
42. using 43. frequently
44. it 45. hands
46. which 47. to prevent
48. at 49. helpful
50. stopped
【解析】
【导语】本文为新闻报道。文章主要介绍新冠病毒流行期间许多不爱洗手的英国男士开始认真洗手。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在英国接受调查2000名男性中，32%的人说他们上完厕所后不洗手。句子谓语动词是said，之后是宾语从句，故空格处填入非谓语动词，men和survey之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处填入过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填surveyed。
【42题详解】
考查动名词。句意：在英国接受调查的2000名男性中，32%的人说他们上完厕所后不洗手。after是介词，后面的动词要用动名词形式作宾语。故填using。
【43题详解】
考查副词和比较级。句意：然而，随着新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延，越来越多的男性比以前更频繁地洗手。空格处用副词修饰动词wash，frequent的副词是frequently，意为“频繁地”，空格处用原级和前面的more构成比较级，故填frequently。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：几个月前，看到一个男人在公共厕所里使用水槽是很少见的。此处是固定句型“It be+adj.+ to do”，意为“做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：一位记者表示：“这一次，男厕所出现了排队的现象，因为新冠肺炎疫情第一次让男性洗手。”洗手是洗两只手，因此空格处用复数，故填hands。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：世界各国政府都强调洗手重要性，洗手不仅应该在人们上完厕所后进行，而且应该贯穿一天中进行。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代先行词handwashing，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【47题详解】
考查不定式。句意：专家说，定期洗手是防止新冠病毒传播的最佳方式。 way后常用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to prevent。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：英国和美国的健康专家已经告诉人们要洗手每次至少20秒——或者唱“生日快乐”所需的时间的两倍。at least为固定搭配，意思是“至少”，符合句意。故填at。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一位打电话给英国一家广播电台的听众讲述了他第一次意识到许多男性开始相信定期洗手有助于预防疾病。在系动词be后需要形容词作表语，根据语境可知，句子表示“许多男性开始相信定期洗手有助于预防疾病”，空格处意为“有帮助的”，形容词是helpful。故填helpful。
【50题详解】
考查时态。句意：就在上周，他在高速公路上的厕所前停了下来的时候，他说：“一共有八个水槽，所有的水槽里都有人在仔细洗手。”。空处为从句谓语动词，last week表明时态为一般过去时，stop的过去式为stopped。故填stopped。
第四部分：写作(共两节, 满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\ ), 并在其下面写岀该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写岀修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Recently, our school has held an meaningful discussion on what it is reasonable for middle school students to have classes on weekends. Some of our classmate believe we should have classes on weekends because we can made full use of free time to review the lessons we had learnt. The others are against the opinion, saying we had better to have a good rest on weekends so that we can work effective during the weekdays. The rest agree with neither of the opinions. They have the view that keep the balance between work and play is important for us. They suggest one day of the weekends should used to learn our lessons and on the other day, we should do something interested or have a rest.
【答案】1.an → a 2.what → whether 3.classmate → classmates 4.made → make 5.we后面的had → have 6.删掉better后面的to 7.effective → effectively 8.keep → keeping 9.在最后一句的should后加be 10.interested → interesting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了学校的一场关于中学生是否应该在周末上课的讨论。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：最近，我们学校就中学生周末上课是否合理进行了一次有意义的讨论。meaningful不是元音音素开头，前面用a即可。故把an改为a。
2.考查宾语从句连接词。句意：最近，我们学校就中学生周末上课是否合理进行了一次有意义的讨论。根据语境这里是说是否合理，on后面的宾语从句中不缺成分，不能用what来引导，且缺少“是否”的意思，whether符合题意，此处不能用if(是否)来引导，因为介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether。故把what改为whether。
3.考查名词单复数。句意：我们的一些同学认为我们应该在周末上课，因为我们可以充分利用空闲时间复习我们学过的课程。classmate是可数名词，前面被some of修饰，要用复数形式。故把classmate改为classmates。
4.考查动词。句意：我们的一些同学认为我们应该在周末上课，因为我们可以充分利用空闲时间复习我们学过的课程。情态动词can后面的动词应用动词原形，且主语we和make use of(利用)之间是主动关系，动词make应用原形。故把made改为make。
5.考查时态。句意：我们的一些同学认为我们应该在周末上课，因为我们可以充分利用空闲时间复习我们学过的课程。这里说我们已经学过的课程，前面的主句用的是一般现在时，这里用现在完成时即可，现在完成时的结构为have+过去分词。故把we后面的had改为have。
6.考查动词不定式。句意：其他人反对这个观点，说我们最好在周末好好休息，这样我们才能在工作日有效地工作。表示“最好做某事”是had better do sth. better后接的是省略to的动词不定式。故要把better后的to删掉。
7.考查副词，句意：其他人反对这个观点，说我们最好在周末好好休息，这样我们才能在工作日有效地工作。这里的effective是修饰动词work的，effective是形容词，要用副词形式来修饰动词。故把effective改为effectively。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：他们认为保持工作和娱乐之间的平衡对我们来说很重要。that后面引导一个同位语从句，主语为keep the balance between work and play，动词不能作句子的主语，要改为动名词。故把keep改为keeping。
9.考查被动语态。句意：他们建议周末的一天应该用来学习功课，在另一天，我们应该做一些感兴趣的事情或休息一下。这里的one day和use之间是被动关系，用被动结构be used，be动词放在情态动词之后用原形即可。故在should后加be。
10.考查形容词。句意：他们建议周末的一天应该用来学习功课，在另一天，我们应该做一些感兴趣的事情或休息一下。这里是说有趣的事，修饰something即不定代词时，形容词后置，interested译为“感到有趣的，感兴趣的”，interesting“有趣的”符合题意。故把interested改为interesting。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假如你是某中学的学生李华，请你给校委员会写一封信，就开办艺术画廊给出自己的建议及理由，内容包括：
1. 建议开办一个校园艺术画廊，展示在校学生自己的作品；
2. 画廊可以给学生提供一个展示自我的平台，丰富学生的知识、传播校园文化。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Committee members,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Committee members,
I wish to make a suggestion about starting a school art gallery.
There are many students who are good at painting in our school. The school art gallery can provide these students with a very good platform to display their own paintings, offer them a chance to admire the artistic achievements and the development of school culture as well as widen their knowledge. If you were to offer such an opportunity to the students who are fond of art, I believe they would give you a big surprise.
I would be more than happy if my suggestion could be considered.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给校委员会写一封信，就开办艺术画廊给出自己的建议及理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestion
提供：offer→provide
展示：show→display
喜欢：like→be fond of
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I would be more than happy if my suggestion could be considered.
拓展句：I would appreciate it if my suggestion could be considered.
【点睛】[高分句型1] There are many students who are good at painting in our school. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] If you were to offer such an opportunity to the students who are fond of art, I believe they would give you a big surprise. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句、who引导的定语从句及省略that的宾语从句)
听力答案:1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. A16. B 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A