2022-2023学年河南省周口市重点中学高二下学期开学考试英语试题（含答案）

这是一份2022-2023学年河南省周口市重点中学高二下学期开学考试英语试题（含答案），共21页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试
英语试题
考试时间：120分钟；满分：120分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）

第一部分阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
If you are looking for apps to learn English for studying abroad, you might be overwhelmed. There are so many apps to choose from. How can you decide which English language learning app is right for you? Our list of top four favorite apps to improve your English will help.
Hello English — Best app for middle learners
If you already understand the basics but want to improve your English, this app is for you. Hello English starts with a language test, and then serves up English lessons based on your test results. Hello English supports learners with 23 native languages and lets you play games, watch videos and listen to audio books, too.
Free versions available for iOS, Android and Windows.
FluentU — Best media-based app
This app sources English-language videos from the real world-including news, music videos and commercials-to help you learn English. Interactive captions allow you to tap any word and see more information about it.
Free trial and paid monthly subscriptions available for Android and iOS.
Rosetta Stone — Most multi-use app
This award-winning English language learning app teaches vocabulary and English grammar. Rosetta Stone includes lessons on pronunciation so you can improve your English accent. You can also download audio lessons to learn offline.
Free trial and paid versions available for Android, iOS and Windows.
Duolingo — Most fun app
This personalized English-learning app turns studying into a game. Earn virtual coins to unlock new levels and spend them on fun upgrades. An animated owl keeps you company and encourages you as you learn. When you have questions, get help from fellow students inside the app using the Duolingo message boards.
Free and paid versions available for Android, iOS and Windows.
1．What can we learn about Hello English?
A．It doesn’t have videos. B．It may not suit English beginners.
C．It provides lessons without a language test. D．The users can chat with 23 native speakers.
2．Which app best suits those who want to practice pronunciation?
A．Rosetta Stone. B．Duolingo. C．Hello English. D．FluentU.
3．What is special about Duolingo?
A．It only has paid versions. B．The users must pay in cash to upgrade.
C．An owl can answer questions of the users. D．It combines English learning with entertainment.
B
The key to a happy life has nothing to do with getting ahead at work, making money, or traveling the world. Instead, living your best life and creating meaning is all about one thing: relationships.
A study of adult development has been running at Harvard since 1938, and is now on its second generation of participants—the children of the original study’s subjects. Over decades, the research team collected data about their lives, including their physical and mental health, marital (婚姻的) status and quality, career happiness, etc.
They found the most important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the people you love.
The research doesn’t only include romantic relationships and marriage. Quality, close relationships are important whether they are in the situation of romantic relationships or closeness between friends or family members. The kind of relationship you have is less important than how close you feel with them.
However, the study only included men, and important gender differences exist in how people experience relationships. Some research suggests that men may benefit more from marriage. But they tend to have a harder time keeping friendships; as men get older, they will more likely say they have nobody to discuss important subjects with. So it’s possible that having close relationships throughout their lives might affect men differently than women.
The findings line up with the effects of loneliness. People who are socially isolated have a greater likelihood of strokes (中风), heart attacks, and higher blood pressure, not to mention mental health issues.
Unfortunately for the youngest generations, recent surveys found that young Americans are lonelier than older generations. That will likely have a big impact on how healthy and happy people feel throughout their lives.
4．What’s the moral lesson from this passage?
A．Travel far and wide to learn a lot. B．Keep an open mind to be creative.
C．Treasure your time with your loved ones. D．Work hard to be the best of your profession.
5．What’s the implication of Paragraph 5?
A．Women are unwilling to participate in the study.
B．Men are better at maintaining a close relationship.
C．Women are not treated equally in scientific research.
D．The findings of the study may not be true for women.
6．Why is the youngest generation unfortunate?
A．Because they have nobody to talk to. B．Because they are more socially isolated.
C．Because they can’t keep their relationships. D．Because they suffer physically and mentally.
7．What is the best title for the text?
A．Close Relationships Make a Happy Life
B．Men Look Forward to Close Relationships
C．Close Relationships Ensure People’s Health
D．Men and Women Differ in Keeping Relationships
C
Some people learn a second language easily. Other people have trouble learning a new language. How can you help yourself learn a new language, such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.
The first step is to feel confident about learning English. If you believe that you can learn, you will learn. Be patient. You do not have to understand everything all at once. It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new. We can learn from our mistakes.
The second step is to practice your English. For example, write a journal every day. You will get used to writing in English, and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English. After several weeks, you will see that your writing is improving. Besides, you must speak English every day. You can practice with your classmates outside class. You will all make mistakes, but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.
The third step is to keep a record of your language learning. You can write this in your diary. After each class, think about what you did. Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it. Write these achievements in your journal.
You must be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it. It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements. You will enjoy learning English, and you will have more confidence in yourself.
8．What is important to learn English?
A．To buy a dictionary.
B．To read English every day.
C．To make a record of your mistakes.
D．To practice English every day and make a record of your achievements.
9．Which of the following is unnecessary for us to learn English?
A．Being patient. B．Making mistakes.
C．Expressing your ideas in English. D．Understanding everything all at once.
10．How many ways to learn English does the text give?
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
11．What does the text mainly tell us?
A．It is very important to learn a second language.
B．There are ways to help you learn a second language more easily.
C．Some people learn a second language easily while other people do not.
D．Don’t worry about making mistakes when learning a second language.

D
Mother's Day is traditionally a day for flowers, chocolates and big hugs, when children will have a chance to let their mother feel their love, but Willow Smith did something different for her mom Jada Pinkett Smith. Willow got her mom's metal band back together and stepped into her mom's shoes, giving a special live performance.
Jada Pinkett Smith was the singer of Wicked Wisdom, which she formed in 2002 alongside Honore, Graves, Rio Lawrence and Philip Fisher.
Willow remembered travelling somewhere with her mother on tour with her metal band Wicked Wisdom and watching old home videos, including one where she and her brother Jaden Smith cleaned the outside of the tour bus. “This is the music that I grew up around. My mother was a superwoman. She was a rock star; she was a fighter all in one. So I was my mom's biggest fan," said Willow.
To show her respect for the woman, the 20-year-old star followed in her mother's legendary footsteps and performed one of her favorite Wicked Wisdom songs, Bleed All Over Me, with Jada's band members, including guitarist Pocket Honore and keyboardist Taylor Graves.
Willow brought Jada out from the living room, and then Jada was sent to the driveway safely where the performance was held. The great mother who could always face anything calmly could no longer control her tears when she saw that her own song was being sung by her daughter. Willow and Jada shared a tearful hug for the touching closer.
12．Why did Willow Smith bring her mom's metal band together?
A．To give her mom a special gift. B．To make her mom's dream come true.
C．To help her mom rebuild the metal band. D．To hold a live performance for all mothers.
13．What do Willow Smith's words in Paragraph 3 show?
A．She always travels with her mom. B．Her mom was busy with work.
C．Her mom taught her to sing. D．She is proud of her mom.
14．What do we know about Willow Smith?
A．She has formed her own band. B．She often performs with her mother.
C．She is greatly influenced by her mother. D．She is more popular than her mom used to be.
15．How did Jada feel about her daughter's performance?
A．Moved. B．Satisfied. C．Sad. D．Confident.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Spring and summer are the best seasons of the year for lots of activities, especially jogging(慢跑). This kind of running is the choice of many people who live in the city, work in the office and want to keep healthy. ___16__
1. Make good preparations before jogging.
___17__There, you’ll have an opportunity to find and buy all the necessary sportsware. Pay attention to the selection of jogging shoes, if you don’t want to suffer from the feeling of heaviness, pain and leg swelling after the run. With all these pieces of wisdom. your body will be truly grateful to you.
2. Do fitting warming-up activities
Every runner, especially the beginners should know that all physical activities without proper warming up can cause a terrible pain and result in harm to muscles. It will probably lead to a final discomfort in your body or even disease. ____18____Actually, it usually just takes you 15 minutes to increase the range of motion of our joints and warm up every muscle of the body.
3.____19____When running, you usually feel physical and mental pleasure. Sometimes this pleasure can be replaced by negative feelings or even some kind of pain. No matter how healthy you’re, you should always pay attention to how your body reacts. If something is wrong during your jog or run, the body will certainly let you know by giving you some hints(暗示). Watchfulness can help you avoid all possible aftereffects of over exercise.
Every type of sport is special and useful in its own way. While jogging can sometimes bring pain and discomfort, it really offers you greater joy and satisfaction. So don’t step back.___20___I hope these tips will help you prepare yourself for jogging and avoid any serious issues.
A．Listen to your body signals.
B．Never give in to difficulties while jogging
C．However, jogging without preparation will bring great harm.
D．One of the best ways to prepare is to go to specialized (专门的) shops.
E．Just go in for jogging, but remember to follow the above rules
F．Therefore, you should make it a habit to warm up before jogging
G．Here are some basic rules to make jogging safe, useful and comfortable



第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分45 分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、 C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
People in the US have been encouraged for decades to eat various kinds of food, as the variety of food helps to___21___that they keep a___22___with enough nutrition. But this week a group of nutrition experts said that longstanding___23___might be out of date.
The advice to___24___different kinds of food has been included in the government's Dietary Guidelines for Americans美国居民膳食指南》) for quite some time. It is___25___based on___26___studies of low-income populations. The studies claimed that consuming various kinds of food could help___27___deficiencies(缺乏) of nutrition.
But things may be different considering today's environment___28___food is plentiful. That same advice could lead to a(n)___29___consequence, argued Dr Otto, one of the experts with the American Heart Association.
Experts____30____the latest evidence of the recommendation, and____31____a scientific report on Thursday. The report stated that in some studies, people who consume a wide range of food usually eat many nutritious food____32____fish, vegetables and fruits.____33____they also eat many____34____food, like sugared snacks and other processed food.
Greater dietary variety is also associated with a(n)____35____calorie intake and weight gain.Some studies show that a____36____variety of food choices in any given meal could delay fullness and____37____the amount of food people eat. Some recent dietary guidelines recommend that people eat"a variety of food", and____38____“ a variety of vegetables from all of the subgroups”.
But Dr Otto said people should worry____39____about variety and more about diet quality,such as filling half your plate with only one or two vegetables you like. Actually, what____40____is the amount of fruits, vegetables, nuts and other nutritious food you eat, not the variety.
21．A．ensure B．make C．provide D．prove
22．A．dish B．meal C．diet D．food
23．A．decision B．research C．recommendation D．study
24．A．cook B．consume C．find D．take
25．A．rarely B．nearly C．hardly D．largely
26．A．recent B．latest C．previous D．scientific
27．A．cure B．stop C．protect D．prevent
28．A．why B．where C．when D．what
29．A．opposite B．positive C．same D．convincing
30．A．carried B．did C．examined D．left
31．A．held B．gave out C．released D．came out
32．A．such as B．for example C．in case D．as long as
33．A．Although B．Even if C．However D．But
34．A．healthy B．junk C．nutritious D．high-fat
35．A．higher B．medium C．lower D．average
36．A．narrow B．limited C．deficient D．wider
37．A．reduce B．digest C．increase D．consume
38．A．in general B．in other words C．in short D．in particular
39．A．more B．less C．higher D．lower
40．A．cares B．helps C．works D．matters

第Ⅱ 卷(非选择题 共40分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个这适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。

Chinese freestyle skier Eileen Gu was already a ____41____ (win) on the FIS World Cup circuit before competing at the Winter Youth Olympic Games (YOG) 2020. After winning YOG gold in both halfpipe and bigair, the 17-year-old has ____42____ (firm) established herself as one of the rising stars in the sport, and is now hoping to inspire others.
If I'm 80 years old and looking back at my life, I don't think ____43____ number of medals is going to matter as much as memories of reading messages from young girls ____44____ (say) that I was the one who inspired them to start skiing, or who showed them that it was possible to do bigger tricks and that ____45____ (woman) could do it too.
To be able to inspire them-that's a really big thing for me. And I also just want ____46____ (enjoy) the experience. I have a lot of things going on in my life, ____47____ I think it's important to be able to enjoy the road that I feel very ____48____ (luck)to be on. Not many people have the chance to compete at such a high-level event in front of the world. So, I'm really, really thankful ____49____ all the chances I've had. And my _____50_____ (big) ambition is just to make a difference and to be able to use those chances for the greater good.”
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分共10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Our school organized a one-day trip to a small farm on last Sunday and we enjoyed us and learned a lot. It was at 9 am when we reached the farm on the school bus. Upon arrive, we were warmly welcomed by the kind farm owner and his wife. We were divide into several groups, and then picked fruit, watered vegetables but tasted delicious fruit and vegetables. Moreover, couple told us about how they started the farm while worked, which impressed us a lot. This outdoor activity were beneficial to us. Not only did it get us close to nature than before, but also taught us the value of hard work.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是高二学生李华，你年级计划于6月初开展课外活动，调整学生情绪。请你给学校留学生 Jason 写一封电子邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：
1. 活动目的及安排；
2. 注意事项。
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jason,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua























参考答案
阅读理解
1．B    2．A    3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个最受欢迎的提高英语的应用程序。
1．细节理解题。根据标题Hello English — Best app for middle learners(Hello English——最适合中等学习者的应用程序)部分中的“If you already understand the basics but want to improve your English, this app is for you.(如果你已经了解了基本知识，但又想提高你的英语，这个应用程序是为你准备的)”可知，Hello English可能不适合英语初学者。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Rosetta Stone — Most multi-use app部分中的“Rosetta Stone includes lessons on pronunciation so you can improve your English accent. You can also download audio lessons to learn offline.(Rosetta Stone包括发音课程，这样你就可以改善你的英语口音了。你也可以下载音频课程离线学习)”可知，Rosetta Stone最适合那些想要练习发音的人。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Duolingo — Most fun app部分中的“This personalized English-learning app turns studying into a game. Earn virtual coins to unlock new levels and spend them on fun upgrades.(这款个性化的英语学习应用程序把学习变成了游戏。赚取虚拟货币来解锁新关卡，并将其用于有趣的升级)”可知，Duolingo把英语学习和娱乐结合起来学习英语。故选D。
4．C    5．D    6．B    7．A
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述研究发现人际关系对于幸福是重要的，特别是与爱着的人的关系。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段的“They found the most important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the people you love.(他们发现，随着时间的推移，这些人的幸福和健康程度的最重要的方面是他们的人际关系。换句话说：生活中寻找幸福的关键在于你爱的人)”可知，要想获得幸福，人际关系非常重要，特别是与你爱的人的关系，因此推断，要珍惜与你爱的人在一起的时间。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据第五段的“However, the study only included men, and important gender differences exist in how people experience relationships.(然而，这项研究只包括了男性，并且人们如何体验关系存在重要的性别差异)”和最后一句“So it’s possible that having close relationships throughout their lives might affect men differently than women.(因此，终生保持亲密关系可能会对男性和女性产生不同的影响)”可知，这项研究只针对男性，而男性和女性在保持和体验人际关系方面存在不同，因此推断这项发现或许不适用女性。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Unfortunately for the youngest generations, recent surveys found that young Americans are lonelier than older generations. ( 不幸的是，对最年轻的一代人来说，最近的调查发现，年轻的美国人比老一辈人更孤独)”可知，最年轻的一代是不幸的是因为他们在社交方面是更孤独的。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第三段“They found the most important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the people you love.( 他们发现，随着时间的推移，这些人的幸福和健康程度的最重要的方面是他们的人际关系。换句话说:在生活中找到幸福是和你爱的人有关的。)”可知，文章主语讲述了研究表明人际关系对于幸福的重要的，特别是与你爱的人的关系，因此推断A项“亲密的关系使生活幸福”要为最佳标题。故选A。
8．D    9．D    10．B    11．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了使学习英语变得更容易、更有趣的几种方法。
8．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements. (每天练习很重要，并把你的成绩记录下来。)”可知，学习英语重要的是每天练习英语，并把成绩记录下来。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“You do not have to understand everything all at once. (你不必一下子理解所有的东西。)”可知，一下子理解所有的东西是不必要的。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The first step is to feel confident about learning English. (第一步是要对学习英语有信心。)”、第三段中“The second step is to practice your English. (第二步是练习你的英语。)”以及第四段中“The third step is to keep a record of your language learning. (第三步是记录你的语言学习。)”可知，这篇课文给出了3种学习英语的方法。故选B项。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“How can you help yourself learn a new language, such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting. (你如何帮助自己学习一门新的语言，比如英语？有几种方法可以使学习英语变得更容易、更有趣。)”可知，这篇文章主要告诉我们有一些方法可以帮助我们更容易地学习第二语言。故选B项。
12．A    13．D    14．C    15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。母亲节那天，Willow Smith把母亲之前的乐队成员重新聚集到一起，为母亲举办了一场特别现场演出。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Mother's Day is traditionally a day for flowers, chocolates and big hugs, when children will have a chance to let their mother feel their love, but Willow Smith did something different for her mom Jada Pinkett Smith.(传统上，母亲节是送鲜花、巧克力和拥抱的日子，孩子们有机会让母亲感受他们的爱，但Willow Smith为她的母亲Jada Pinkett Smith做了不同的事情。)”可知，Willow Smith把母亲之前的乐队成员重新聚集到一起是为了给母亲准备一份特殊的节日礼物。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段Willow所说的“This is the music that I grew up around. My mother was a superwoman. She was a rock star; she was a fighter all in one. So I was my mom's biggest fan(这是伴随我长大的音乐。我的母亲是一个女超人。她是一个摇滚明星；她是个不折不扣的斗士。所以我是我妈妈最大的粉丝)”可知，她认为妈妈是超人，是斗士，她是她妈妈最大的粉丝，故Willow Smith为自己有这样一位母亲而感到自豪。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This is the music that I grew up around(这是伴随我长大的音乐)”和第四段的“To show her respect for the woman, the 20-year-old star followed in her mother's legendary footsteps and performed one of her favorite Wicked Wisdom songs(为了表达对这位女性的尊敬，这位20岁的明星追随她母亲的传奇脚步，演唱了她最喜欢的《邪恶智慧》中的一首歌曲)”可知，Willow Smith深受母亲的影响。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The great mother who could always face anything calmly could no longer control her tears when she saw that her own song was being sung by her daughter. Willow and Jada shared a tearful hug for the touching closer.(这位伟大的母亲总是能平静地面对任何事情，当她看到自己的歌是女儿唱的时候，她再也控制不住自己的眼泪。Willow和Jada因为这个感人的亲密拥抱而泪流满面。)”可知，Jada被女儿为自己准备的这场演出深深地感动了。故选A。
【答案】16．G    17．D    18．F    19．A    20．E

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了三个关于慢跑需要遵守的规则。
16．本句为段尾句，起承上启下的作用，结合下文列举了三点关于慢跑的规则，故G选项“这里有一些基本的规则，使慢跑安全，有用和舒适。”符合上下文语境。故选G。
17．根据下文There, you’ll have an opportunity to find and buy all the necessary sports’ ware.（在那里，你将有机会找到并购买所有必要的体育用品。）可推知本句强调的是要去专门的体育用品店，在那里才有机会找到并购买所有必要的体育用品。故D选项“最好的准备方法之一就是去专门的商店。”符合上下文语境，故选D。
18．根据下文Actually, it usually just takes you 15 minutes to increase the range of motion of our joints and warm up every muscle of the body.（实际上，你只需要15分钟来增加关节的活动范围，让身体的每块肌肉都暖和起来。）可知是在说明慢跑前进行的热身运动，故F选项“因此，你应该养成慢跑前热身的习惯。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
19．本句为本段小标题，根据下文中No matter how healthy you’re, you should always pay attention to how your body reacts.（不管你有多健康，你都应该注意你身体的反应。）可知本段主要讲述的是在慢跑时关注自我身体的反应和身体信号。故A选项“倾听你的身体信号。”符合上下文语境，故选A。
20．根据下文I hope these tips will help you prepare yourself for jogging and avoid any serious issues.（我希望这些建议能帮助你为慢跑做好准备，避免任何严重的问题。）可知本句是在强调遵守上面提到的规则，为慢跑做好准备，避免任何严重的问题。故E选项“去慢跑吧，但要记住遵守以上规则。”符合上下文语境。故选E。

完形填空
【答案】
21．A    22．C    23．C    24．B    25．D    26．C    27．D    28．B    29．A    30．C    31．C    32．A    33．C    34．B    35．A    36．D    37．C    38．D    39．B    40．D

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了专家通过研究发现长期以来美国政府一直鼓励人们吃各种各样的食物以确保饮食中有足够的营养这条建议在当今社会可能会适得其反，同时指出人们应该少担心食物的种类，而应该更多地关注饮食质量，因为真正重要的是你吃的有营养的食物的数量，而不是种类。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，美国人一直被鼓励吃各种各样的食物，因为食物的多样性有助于确保他们的饮食有足够的营养。A. ensure确保；B. make使、让；C. provide提供；D. prove证明。空前一句说美国人一直被鼓励吃各种各样的食物，此处解释原因——食物的多样性有助于确保他们的饮食有足够的营养，故A项正确。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dish菜肴；B. meal餐；C. diet饮食；D. food食物。空前一句说美国人一直被鼓励吃各种各样的食物，自然是希望以此确保他们的日常饮食有足够的营养，故C项正确。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但本周，一组营养专家表示，这条长期以来的建议可能已经过时了。A. decision决定；B. research调查；C. recommendation建议；D. study学习。文章第一句说几十年来，美国人一直被鼓励吃各种各样的食物，这是政府给人们的一条饮食建议，下一段第一句话中的“advice”也是提示，故C项正确。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在相当长的一段时间内，政府为美国人制定的饮食指南中包含了食用不同种类食物的建议。A. cook烹饪；B. consume消耗、食用；C. find发现；D. take拿、取。文章第一句说几十年来，美国人一直被鼓励吃各种各样的食物，因此此处指“食用不同种类的食物”，故B项正确。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这主要是基于以前对低收入人群的研究。A. rarely极少地；    B. nearly将近；C. hardly几乎不；D. largely很大程度上、主要。空前一句说在相当长的一段时间内，政府为美国人制定的饮食指南中包含了食用不同种类食物的建议，此处解释原因——这主要是基于以前对低收入人群的研究，故D项正确。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recent近来的；B. latest最新的；C. previous以前的、早先的；D. scientific科学的。空前一句说政府为美国人制定的饮食指南中包含了食用不同种类食物的建议已经有很长一段时间了，这样的建议主要是基于以前对低收入人群的研究，故C项正确。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，食用各种食物有助于防止营养不足。A. cure治愈；B. stop停止；C. protect保护；D. prevent防止。根据空后的“deficiencies of nutrition”可知，食用不同种类的食物有助于防止营养不足，故D项正确。
28．考查定语从句。句意：但考虑到当今环境下食物很充足，情况可能会有所不同。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词environment（抽象地点）并在从句中作地点状语，所以用where来引导，故B项正确。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国心脏协会的专家之一奥托博士认为，同样的建议可能导致相反的结果。A. opposite相反的；B. positive积极的；C. same相同的；D. convincing有说服力的。空前一句说考虑到当今环境下食物很充足，情况可能会有所不同，这说明由于环境变了，同样的建议可能导致相反的结果，故A项正确。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：专家们研究了这一建议的最新证据，并于周四发布了一份科学报告。A. carried搬运；    B. did做；C. examined检查、研究；D. left离开。根据空后的“the latest evidence of the recommendation”可知，专家们研究了这一建议的最新证据，故C项正确。
31．考查动词（短语）辨析。句意同上。A. held握；B. gave out分发；C. released发布；D. came out出现。空前一句说专家们研究了这一建议的最新证据，然后在周四发布了一份科学报告，故C项正确。
32．考查介词短语辨析。句意：报告指出，在一些研究中，食用不同种类食物的人通常会吃很多有营养的食物，如鱼、蔬菜和水果。不过，他们也吃很多垃圾食品，比如含糖零食和其他加工食品。A. such as例如（常列举同类人或物中的几个，不能穷尽）；B. for example例如（一般列举同类人或物中的一个）；C. in case万一；D. as long as只要。空后列举了鱼、蔬菜和水果等食物，因此此处用such as，故A项正确。
33．考查连词（副词）词义辨析。句意同上。A. Although尽管；B. Even if即使；C. However然而（空后有逗号）；D. But但是。空前说食用不同种类食物的人通常会吃很多有营养的食物，空后又说他们也吃很多垃圾食品，前后是转折关系，空后有逗号，应该用however，故C项正确。
34．考查形容词（名词）词义辨析。句意同上。A. healthy健康的；B. junk垃圾；C. nutritious有营养的；D. high-fat高脂肪的。空后列举的含糖零食和其他加工食品属于垃圾食品，故B项正确。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多样化的饮食也与更高的卡路里摄入和体重增加有关。A. higher含量高的；B. medium中等的；C. lower含量低的；D. average平均的。根据空后的“calorie intake and weight gain”可知此处指“更高的卡路里摄入量”，故A项正确。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些研究表明，在一顿饭中，更多种类的食物选择可以延缓饱腹感，增加人们吃的食物量。A. narrow狭小的；B. limited有限的；C. deficient不足的；D. wider宽泛的。空前一句说多样化的饮食也与更高的卡路里摄入和体重增加有关，因此此处指“更多种类的食物选择”，与“多样化的饮食”相对应，故D项正确。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. reduce减少；B. digest消化；C. increase增加；D. consume消耗。空前一句说更多种类的食物选择可以延缓饱腹感，从而增加人们吃的食物量，故C项正确。
38．考查介词短语辨析。句意：最近的一些饮食指南建议人们吃各种各样的食物，特别是各种各样的蔬菜。A. in general通常；B. in other words换句话说；C. in short总之；D. in particular尤其、特别是。空前一句说最近的一些饮食指南建议人们吃各种各样的食物，再结合空后的“a variety of vegetables from all of the subgroups”可知此处表示强调，指的是“特别是各种各样的蔬菜”，故D项正确。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但奥托博士说，人们应该少担心食物的种类，而应该更多地关注饮食质量，比如只在你的盘子里放上一两种你喜欢的蔬菜。A. more更多；B. less更少；C. higher更高；D. lower更低。根据空后的“and more about diet quality”可知，人们应该少担心食物的种类，而应该更多地关注饮食质量，故B项正确。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，重要的是你吃的水果、蔬菜、坚果和其他有营养的食物的数量，而不是种类。A. cares关心；B. helps帮助；C. works起作用；D. matters重要、根据空后的“is the amount of fruits, vegetables, nuts and other nutritious food you eat, not the variety.”可知，重要的是你吃的水果、蔬菜、坚果和其他有营养的食物的数量，而不是种类，故D项正确。
语法填空
41．winner    42．firmly    43．the    44．saying    45．women    46．to enjoy    47．but    48．lucky    49．for    50．biggest
【导语】本文属于体育新闻类报道。主要讲了自由式滑雪运动员谷爱凌在2020冬季青奥会上获得冠军后，表达了对职业的热爱。
41．考查名词。句意：中国自由式滑雪运动员顾爱玲在参加2020年冬季青奥会之前就已经是FIS世界杯巡回赛的冠军了。不定冠词后用名词 ，此处指“获胜者”。故填winner。
42．考查副词。句意：在获得YOG U型滑道和bigair项目的金牌后，17岁的她已经坚定地确立了自己在这项运动中的冉冉升起的明星地位，现在她希望能够激励其他人。修饰动词established用副词。故填firmly。
43．考查冠词。句意：如果我80岁，回顾我的生活，我认为比起那些当我读到年轻女孩发来信息说是我启发她们开始滑雪并向她们展示那些女性也可以做到的更难的技巧时的记忆，金牌的数量会黯然失色。“the number of…”意为：……的数量。符合句意。故填the。
44．考查非谓语。句意：同上。young girls与say构成主动关系，故用其现在分词作定语，修饰young girls。故填saying。
45．考查名词。句意：同上。这里woman泛指“女士”这一群体，用复数形式。故填women。
46．考查非谓语动词的固定搭配。句意：我也想享受这段经历。want 要接不定式做宾语，构成固定短语：want to do，意为：想要做某事。故填to enjoy。
47．考查连词。句意：我的生活中有很多事情要做，但我认为重要的是能够享受这条我感到非常幸运的道路。根据语境可知此处指：虽然在我的人生道路上会有许多事情发生，但是去享受我所走的这条幸运之路很重要，此处是转折关系，且空格前是逗号结尾的句子，故此处是并列连词连接的并列句。故填but。
48．考查形容词。句意：同上。空格处作感官动词feel表语，用形容词。故填lucky。
49．考查介词的固定搭配。句意：所以，我真的，真的很感谢我所拥有的一切机会。be thankful to sb. for sth.是一个固定短语，意为：因某事而感谢某人。故填for。
50．考查形容词的级。句意：我最大的抱负就是做出改变，并利用这些机会为更伟大的事业服务。根据语境可知此处指谷爱凌“最大”的抱负，用形容词的最高级。故填biggest。
短文改错
【答案】1. 去掉on
2. us→ourselves
3. when→that
4. arrive→arrival/arriving
5. divide→divided
6. but→and
7.在couple前面加the
8. worked→working
9. were→was
10. close→closer
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了学校组织的农场一日游，学生们在接近大自然的过程中收获颇丰。
【详解】1.考查时间状语。句意：上周日，我们学校组织了一次小农场一日游，我们玩得很开心，学到了很多东西。“last+时间名词”作状语时，last前不需加介词，故将on去掉。
2.考查反身代词。句意：上周日，我们学校组织了一次小农场一日游，我们玩得很开心，学到了很多东西。enjoy的主语和宾语为同一个目标，因此宾语使用反身代词ourselves，故将us改为ourselves。
3.考查强调句。句意：早上九点，我们坐校车到了农场。此处考查强调句式：It is/was +强调部分+that/who…，强调时间状语“at 9 am”，需用that，故将when改为that。
4.考查名词或动名词。句意：一到农场，亲切的农场主和他的妻子就热情地欢迎我们。upon后加名词或动名词作宾语，表示“一……就……”，arrive的名词是arrival，其动名词是arriving，故将arrive改为arrival/arriving。
5.考查被动语态。句意：我们被分成几组，然后采摘水果，给蔬菜浇水，品尝美味的果蔬。主语We和谓语动词divide是被动关系，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，被动语态的核心结构为“be done”，故将divide改为divided。
6.考查并列连词。句意：我们被分成几组，然后采摘水果，给蔬菜浇水，品尝美味的果蔬。此处的一系列动作应为顺承关系而非转折关系，故将but改为and。
7.考查定冠词。句意：此外，这对夫妇还向我们讲述了他们是如何在工作时开办农场的，这让我们印象深刻。couple在句子中是可数名词，且此处couple特指上文提到的农场主人及其妻子，为特指意义，用定冠词the，故在couple前面加the。
8.考查状语从句的省略。句意：此外，这对夫妇还向我们讲述了他们是如何在工作时开办农场的，这让我们印象深刻。此句中涉及到状语从句的省略，当从句主语与主句主语一致并含有be动词时，可将从句中的主语与be动词省略掉，此处完整的从句为：while they were working，省略了“they were”，故将worked改为working。
9.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种户外活动对我们有益。主语activity为单数意义，全文时态为一般过去时为主，故将were改为was。
10.考查比较级。句意：它不仅让我们比以前更接近大自然，还教给我们努力工作的价
书面表达

【答案】Dear Jason,
I’m writing this letter to invite you to participate in an after-class activity.
Nowadays, students are under increasing pressure.With the purpose of adjusting students’ emotions, we plan to hold an after-class activity, which takes place on our school playground on June 1st. A variety of activities such as playing ball games, dancing and class chorus can be chosen. I have to remind you to check the weather in advance and bring some drinks or snacks so that you may better enjoy with us. Besides, if you don’t like either above, you can also go to our school library to read.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua