2022-2023学年广东省阳江市高二上学期期中四校联考英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省阳江市高二上学期期中四校联考英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了选择题的作答，非选择题的作答， D 9等内容，欢迎下载使用。

广东省阳江市2022-2023学年高二上学期期中四校联考
英语试卷
注意事项：
1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、班级和考号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第一部分 阅读(共两节;满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want to be more successful? If so, then you need to read a few self-help books. Here are four popular ones to get you going.
59 Seconds ( 2009) by Richard Wiseman
This is a self-help book with a difference. Wiseman, a scientist, uses science to prove many self-help myths(神话) are false. For example, self-help books say that if you want to achieve a goal, you should visualize it. But Wiseman says that's the worst thing to do. Studies show that you need to visualize the steps required to achieve the goal.
How to Win Friends& Influence People ( 1936) —by Dale Carnegie
This is the book that launched the self-help type. Carnegie says financial success is 15% professional knowledge and 85% the ability to express ideas, assume leadership, and motivate people. The book is full of practical advice on how to influence people by making them like you.
The Millionaire Next Door (1996) by Thomas Stanley & Wlliam Danko
The authors of this book spent years interviewing American millionaires to figure out the secrets of their success. And they discovered that a majority of millionaires don't live luxury lifestyles. They're rich because they live below their means and reinvest what they earn.
Who Moved My Cheese? (1998)-by Spencer Johnson
Who Moved My Cheese? An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life, published on September 8, 1998, is a motivational business fable. The text describes change in one's work and life, and four typical reactions to those changes by two mice and two “little people”，during their hunt for cheese.
1. What is the key to achieving success in 59 Seconds?
A. To employ science. B. To follow examples.
C. To picture procedures. D. To visualize the goal.
2. What is Dale Carnegie's book mainly about?
A. How to master occupational knowledge. B. How to apply practical techniques.
C. How to gain strong management. D. How to become popular persons.
3. Which book can help you adapt to change in your life?
A. 59 Seconds B. Who Moved My Cheese?
C. The Millionaire Next Door D. How to Win Friends& Influence People
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四本有助于变得更成功的自助书籍。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据59 Seconds ( 2009) by Richard Wiseman部分中Studies show that you need to visualize the steps required to achieve the goal.可知研究表明，你需要设想实现目标所需的步骤。由此可知，要想在59秒内取得成功，关键是要把步骤想象出来。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据How to Win Friends& Influence People ( 1936) —by Dale Carnegie部分中The book is full of practical advice on how to influence people by making them like you.可知这本书里有很多实用的建议，教你如何通过让别人喜欢你来影响别人。由此可知，Dale Carnegie的书主要讲了如何成为受欢迎的人。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Who Moved My Cheese? An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life, published on September 8, 1998, is a motivational business fable. The text describes change in one's work and life, and four typical reactions to those changes by two mice and two “little people”，during their hunt for cheese.可知1998年9月8日出版的《谁动了我的奶酪？处理工作和生活变化的神奇方法》是一个励志的商业寓言。文章描述了工作和生活的变化，以及两只老鼠和两个“小人物”在寻找奶酪的过程中对这些变化的四种典型反应。由此可知，《谁动了我的奶酪？》这本书可以帮助你适应生活中的变化。故选B。
B
Last year, the bushfires in Australia burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people were killed and 2000 homes destroyed. According to the BBC, that was the most casualties(伤亡) from wildfires in the country since 2009. The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone.
Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season. "The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main conditions for the disastrous fires. Australia's fires were worsened by the combination of those two. 2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record for Australia," Hausfather added on Friday.
Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research, said warmer ocean temperatures are also contributed to more variable weather around the world. Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy imbalances and hot spots in the oceans, which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places, causing longer rain events in Indonesia, for example, and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia. He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer.
Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity(严重) of wildfires. How land is managed can also impact the amount of fuel available for fires. Practices like controlled bums and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area. Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how fire management resources are dispatched(派遣).
4. What are the numbers about in paragraph 1?
A. The causes of Australian fires. B. The results of Australian fires.
C. The damaged areas of Australian fires. D. The property destruction of Australian fires.
5. Which of the following best explains ''susceptible to" in the second paragraph?
A. Very quickly to adapt to.
B. Very seriously to focus on.
C. Very likely to be influenced by.
D. Very easily to be protected against.
6. What can we infer from Trenberth’s research?
A. Longer dry weather contributes to global warming.
B. Global wanning is also a main cause of the bushfires.
C. Warmer ocean temperatures leads to the fires directly.
D. The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising.
7. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A. To stress the effects of Australia fires.
B. To show the methods for land management.
C. To predict the seriousness of Australia fires.
D. To provide some advice about reducing fire damage.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了澳大利亚森林大火产生的条件和蔓延的原因。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed(这个季节，澳大利亚的森林大火已经烧毁了超过1235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡，2000座房屋被毁)”可知，本段的数字表明森林大火产生的严重后果。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。由第二段“Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season(加州大学伯克利分校地球分校的能源系统分析师和气候研究员泽克·豪萨福尔说，气温升高和极端天气使澳大利亚更容易发生火灾，并延长了火灾季节的长度)”可推测，气温升高和极端天气更容易发生火灾，more susceptible to 意为“更容易受到……影响”，与C项“Very likely to be influenced by(很容易受……的影响)”意思相近。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段的“He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer(他说，一旦一个地区经历了两个月或更长时间的干旱，它就会增加火灾发生和蔓延的风险。那些由于全球变暖而改变的天气使得干旱持续的时间更长)”可推断，全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，气候专家强调，气候变化不是野火严重的唯一因素。土地的管理方式也会影响火灾可用燃料的数量。诸如控制性燃烧和其他因素等做法可能会影响对人和财产的风险，火灾管理资源分配方式改变的同时，改变这些政策有很大的潜力限制未来野火造成的损害。可推断在最后一段作者想要介绍一些关于减少火灾损失的建议。故选D项。
C
In the United States, a company is working on a project that could change the way we think about public transportation. Its planned system would move people around in steel tubes. Those passengers would be traveling at speeds of up to 1,200 kilometers per hour.
The futuristic transportation system is called Hyperloop. Workers plan to test the system next year in a specially built community called Quay valley. The town will be powered entirely by energy from the sun.
The Hyperloop transport system is the idea of businessman Elon Musk. Dirk Ahlborn is head of Hyperloop Transportation Technologies. He says his company has taken Mr. Musk's idea and is developing a system that will be safe, environmentally friendly and fast.
It’s 100 percent solar-powered... we’re not going to get up to 760 miles per hour, but we believe we can actually break the records that are exiting right now.”
This means that a four-hour drive from Los Angeles, California to Las Vegas, Nevada, could someday take only 30 minutes by Hyperloop.
The system involves a series of capsules that float inside a long tube. These containers wouldn’t need to travel along a pathway or track. The system has been designed to operate above or below ground.
Inside the tube there is a low-pressure environment very similar to an airplane that’s at high altitudes. So now the capsule travelling inside the tube doesn’t meet with as much resistance, and therefore can travel really fast with very little energy.
Dick Ahlborn and his company will use an eight-kilometer track in Quay Valley to find the best way to set up passenger traffic and repair capsules. A larger system will cost an estimated 6 — 10 billion dollars to build.
If Mr. Ahlborn and his company succeed, we may one day see these very fast Hyperloop capsules speeding through tubes around the world.
8 What do we know about the Hyperloop transport system?
A. It travels along a pathway or track. B. It was already tested in a community.
C. It was developed by a businessman. D. It is environmentally friendly.
9. Why can the Hyperloop capsules travel fast?
A. They are solar-powered. B. They travel at high altitudes.
C. There is less resistance inside the tube. D. There is a powerful engine to drive them.
10. What is the author’s attitude towards the Hyperloop transport system?
A. Objective. B. Doubtful. C. Subjective. D. Dissatisfied.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Steel Tubs B. A Creative Businessman
C. Hyperloop Transport System D. Quay Valley
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了外国人正在研发一种号称时速高达1200公里的既安全又节能的新型交通工具。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“He says his company has taken Mr. Musk's idea and is developing a system that will be safe, environmentally friendly and fast.(他说，他公司已经采纳了马斯克的想法，正在开发一种安全、环保、快速的系统)”可知，超级高铁运输系统是环保的。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“So now the capsule travelling inside the tube doesn’t meet with as much resistance, and therefore can travel really fast with very little energy.(所以现在运输仓在管道内移动不会遇到太多阻力，因此可以用很少的能量快速移动)”可知，在管道里几乎没有阻力，因此可以运行飞快，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者客观描述了超级高铁运输系统这一新型交通系统的研发情况及其工作原理，可推知，作者对超级高铁运输系统呈客观态度。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The futuristic transportation system is called Hyperloop. Workers plan to test the system next year in a specially built community called Quay valley. The town will be powered entirely by energy from the sun. (这种未来的交通系统被称为“超级高铁”。工人们计划明年在一个名为码头谷的特别建造的社区测试该系统。这个城镇将完全由太阳能供电)”结合文章主要介绍了外国人正在研发一种号称时速高达1200公里的既安全又节能的新型交通工具。可知，C选项“超级高铁运输系统”最符合文章标题。故选C。
D
Six people are about to find out what it would be like to live on Mars—without ever leaving the Earth.
Three men and three women will spend eight months living in a special habitat on the side of a volcano in Hawaii. They are part of an experiment being done by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) that is designed to mimic (模仿) life on Mars.
Some people may become unhappy or bored living under those conditions. Certain personality types may not get along, and living together for a long time could cause them to argue.
By studying people living in similar conditions here on Earth, NASA hopes to learn how to choose the best people for a space mission, and how to help them get along.
The crew (全体工作人员) will live in a two-story dome-shaped (圆顶形) building. The dome is located in an area about 2,400 metres up the side of Mauna Loa, the second biggest volcano in the world. Mauna Loa is an active volcano, but it has not erupted since 1984. It is monitored all the time for signs of volcanic activity. NASA chose the location because the environment there looks very similar to Mars.
During the experiment, the crew will only be able to communicate by email. To make it more like being on Mars, there will be a 20-minute waiting time between the time a message is sent and when it is received. That means it will take 40 minutes to get a reply to an email.
The crew will be performing scientific work while they are there, including some trips outside the dome. When they go outside, they will have to wear spacesuits, just as if they were on Mars.
The commander of the crew is Martha Lenio, a 34-year-old Canadian. Lenio studied engineering and is interested in space exploration and environmental problems. During the mission, she will run experiments on growing food and making compost (堆肥) inside the dome.
The other crewmembers have backgrounds in physics and astronomy. They were chosen from about 150 people who applied to take part in the experiment. None of them are astronauts.
12. What is the main purpose of the experiment?
A. To study people’s behavior.
B. To complete a challenging task.
C. To get familiar with our natural world.
D. To prepare volunteers for life on Mars.
13. When living in a group volunteers should _________.
A. try to show their own personality
B. learn to get along with each other
C. have no chance to go outside
D. communicate by phone
14. What can we learn from the text?
A. Martha Lenio used to be an astronaut.
B. The experiment will take about two years.
C. All six members have professional backgrounds.
D. All members will run experiments on growing food.
15. From which is the text probably taken?
A. A travel magazine.
B. A science magazine
C. A biology textbook.
D. A geography textbook.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个NASA在进行的关于模拟火星生活的实验。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Three men and three women will spend eight months living in a special habitat on the side of a volcano in Hawaii. They are part of an experiment being done by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) that is designed to mimic life on Mars.(三男三女将在夏威夷一座火山边上的一个特殊栖息地生活8个月。他们是美国国家航空航天局正在进行的模拟火星生命实验的一部分)”可知，这项实验中邀请了6位志愿者参与模拟在火星的生活，由此可推知，该实验的目的应是让志愿者为火星生活做准备。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段和第四段内容“Certain personality types may not get along, and living together for a long time could cause them to argue. By studying people living in similar conditions here on Earth, NASA hopes to learn how to choose the best people for a space mission, and how to help them get along.(某些性格类型的人可能无法相处，长时间住在一起可能会导致他们争吵。通过研究地球上生活在类似条件下的人们，NASA希望了解如何为太空任务选择最优秀的人，以及如何帮助他们相处)”可知，在这个实验里，志愿者们需要学习与他人彼此相处。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第八段和第九段内容“Lenio studied engineering and is interested in space exploration and environmental problems.(莱尼奥学的是工程学，对太空探索和环境问题很感兴趣)”以及“The other crewmembers have backgrounds in physics and astronomy.(其他队员都有物理学和天文学背景)”可知，6个志愿者都具有专业背景。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Three men and three women will spend eight months living in a special habitat on the side of a volcano in Hawaii. They are part of an experiment being done by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) that is designed to mimic life on Mars.(三男三女将在夏威夷一座火山边上的一个特殊栖息地生活8个月。他们是美国国家航空航天局正在进行的模拟火星生命实验的一部分)”可知，文章主要讲述了一个NASA在进行的关于模拟火星生活的实验，由此可推知，文章应该来自于科学杂志。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的(A、B、C、D、E、F、G)选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。在答题卡上将最佳选项涂黑。
There are numerous benefits of reading good books.___16___Whatever your field might be, it's very important to create a good habit to read beyond your horizons. Here are tips to help you cultivate a better and consistent reading habit:
●Determine your reading goal.___17___This goal should be clear and backed up with a purpose. Start by thinking about how a consistent reading pattern can help you grow indifferent areas of your life-spirit, academics, career, relationships and more.
●___18___ Once you' re done setting your reading goal for the year, you'll need a list to back it up. Write out a list of the amazing books you want to read. Ask for recommendations from friends and instructors. It s important to keep a journal listing the books you'll like to read for each month.
●Get a responsible reading partner to promote your reading. Goals need to be backed up in order to help put a check and encourage you during times you don't feel motivated.___19___
To develop a reading culture, you must first analyze your current reading habits. Do you read at all?___20___ In order to truly achieve your reading goals and build a consistent reading habit, you'll need to set up simple systems， find responsible partners， and generally be hungry to grow beyond your comfort zone.
A. Do you study hard at school?
B. Make a list of books for each month.
C. Do you start off and stop at some point?
D. Get up early and go to bed late to back up your goal.
E. It's important to start off by setting a goal to create a reading habit.
F. Get a friend willing to read, and create a plan to help you achieve your reading goals.
G. It can make you think deeper, sharpen your skills and teach you more about your field.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。读好书有很多好处。文章介绍了一些帮助你养成更好和更持久阅读习惯的小窍门。
【16题详解】
上文提示“读好书有很多好处。”承接上文，G项It can make you think deeper, sharpen your skills and teach you more about your field.（它能让你思考得更深入，提高你的技能，并教会你更多关于你所在领域的知识。）切题。故选G。
【17题详解】
本段小标题“确定你的阅读目标。”再根据下文提示“这个目标应该是明确的，并有一个目的作为后盾。”承接标题和下文，E项 It's important to start off by setting a goal to create a reading habit.（通过设定一个目标开始养成阅读习惯是很重要的。）切题。关键词“goal”，故选E。
【18题详解】
此空是段落小标题，应该用段小精悍的祈使句，所以在B/D/F中选。再结合空格下文提示“以记日记的形式列出你每个月想读的书是很重要的。”承接下文内容，B项 Make a list of books for each month.（列出每个月的书单。）故选B。
【19题详解】
上文提示“当你感到没有动力的时候，你的目标需要被支持，以帮助你检查和鼓励你。”承接上文，F项Get a friend willing to read, and create a plan to help you achieve your reading goals.（找一个愿意阅读的朋友，制定一个帮助你实现阅读目标的计划。）切题。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文提示“要培养一种阅读文化，你必须首先分析你当前的阅读习惯。你读书吗？”承接上文，C项Do you start off and stop at some point?（你会在某一点开始并停止吗?）切题。故选C。
第二部分 语言知识与运用(共两节;满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C, D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Little Annie” Sullivan, as she was called when she was young, was no stranger to hardship. She was ___21___sightless herself and was, at one time, diagnosed(诊断)as hopelessly insane(精神病的)by the doctors. She was locked in the basement of a ___22___ institution outside of Boston. At times, Little Annie would violently ___23___ anyone who came near. Most of the time she generally ____24____everyone in her presence.
An elderly nurse ___25___ there was hope, however, and she made up her mind to show love to the child. Every day she visited Little Annie. For the most part, the child did not acknowledge(理会)the nurse’s presence, but she still ___26___ to visit. The kindly woman left cookies for her and spoke words of love and encouragement. She was sure that Little Annie could ___27___, if only she were shown love.
Eventually, doctors noticed a ___28___in the girl. Where they once saw anger and hate, they now noted gentleness and ___29___.They moved her upstairs where she continued to ____30____ .Then the day finally came when this seemingly “hopeless”child was set free.
Anne Sullivan ____31____ into a young woman with a(n) hope to help others as she, herself, was helped by the kindly nurse. It was she who ____32____the great potential in Helen Keller. She loved her, trained her and played with her. Anne Sullivan worked____33____in Helen’s life; but it was the loving nurse who first believed in Little Annie and lovingly changed an uncommunicative child into a kind-hearted teacher.
The name of Helen Keller would have ____34____ unknown if it had not been for Anne Sullivan. _____35_____would the name of Anne Sullivan if it had not been for the kind and devoted nurse. And so it goes. Just how far back does the chain of love extend(延伸)? And how forward will it lead?
21. A. almost B. still C. rather D. only
22. A. cultural B. religious C. mental D. private
23. A. attract B. attack C. watch D. touch
24. A. blamed B. caught C. greeted D. ignored
25. A. suggested B. determined C. imagined D. thought
26. A. continued B. forgot C. refused D. failed
27. A. return B. recover C. remember D. reply
28. A. chance B. trouble C. change D. fault
29. A. love B. worry C. anxiety D. wish
30. A. play B. study C. shout D. improve
31. A. ran B. grew C. looked D. knocked
32. A. showed B. reached C. owned D. saw
33. A. doubts B. decisions C. plans D. wonders
34. A. remained B. seemed C. become D. proved
35. A. Either B. And C. So D. Neither
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Helen Keller的老师Annie Sullivan是如何在一位护士的帮助下从几乎失明的，被诊断为精神病的小女孩变成一个乐于助人的正常人的故事。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她自己几乎失明，有一次被医生诊断为无可救药的精神病。A. almost几乎；B. still仍然；C. rather相当；D. only仅仅。根据上文““Little Annie” Sullivan, as she was called when she was young, was no stranger to hardship.( 苏利文年轻时被称为“小安妮”，她对苦难并不陌生。)”可知她遭受了苦难，所以应该是几乎是失明的，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她被锁在波士顿城外一家精神病院的地下室里。A. cultural文化的；B. religious宗教的；C. mental精神的；D. private私人的。根据上文“diagnosed (诊断) as hopelessly insane (精神病的) by the doctors”可知被诊断为精神病，所以应该在精神病院，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时，小安妮会暴力攻击任何靠近她的人。A. attract吸引；B. attack攻击；C. watch观看；D. touch接触。根据上文“violently”可知是攻击靠近她的人，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数时候，她通常忽视别人的存在。A. blamed责备；B. caught抓住；C. greeted问候；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“Little Annie would violently ___3___ anyone”和下文“the child did not acknowledge(理会)the nurse’s presence”可知是她大部分时间忽视别人的存在，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一位老护士认为还有希望，她下定决心要向孩子表达她的爱。A. suggested建议；B. determined决定；C. imagined想象；D. thought认为。根据下文可知老护士坚持照顾和爱护小女孩，所以她认为小女孩还有希望好起来。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大多数情况下，孩子不承认护士的存在，但她仍然继续去看她。A. continued继续；B. forgot忘记；C. refused拒绝；D. failed失败。根据but可知上下文是转折关系，虽然孩子不理那个护士，但她仍然继续去看她，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她相信，只要有人爱小安妮，她就能恢复健康。A. return返回；B. recover恢复；C. remember记住；D. reply回答。根据下文“Eventually, doctors noticed a ___8___in the girl.”可推测那位护士坚信她能恢复健康，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，医生注意到女孩的变化。A. chance机会；B. trouble麻烦；C. change变化；D. fault错误。根据下文“Where they once saw anger and hate, they now noted gentleness and ___9___”可知从前他们看到的是愤怒和仇恨，现在他们看到的是温柔和...，所以她们看到小女孩发生了变化，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从前他们看到的是愤怒和仇恨，现在他们看到的是温柔和爱。A. love爱；B. worry担心；C. anxiety忧虑；D. wish希望。根据上文“anger and hate”可知对应的应该是温柔和爱，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把她搬到楼上，她在那里继续好转。A. play演奏；B. study学习；C. shout大喊；D. improve改善。根据下文“Then the day finally came when this seemingly “hopeless” child was set free.”可知小女孩的状况继续好转，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安妮·沙利文长成了一个希望帮助别人的年轻女子，就像她自己得到那位好心的护士的帮助一样。A. ran跑；B. grew成长；C. looked看；D. knocked敲。根据下文“a young woman with a(n) hope to help others as she, herself, was helped by the kindly nurse”可知小女孩慢慢长大，成为一位像那个护士一样乐于助人的人，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是她看到了海伦·凯勒的巨大潜力。A. showed展示；B. reached到达；C. owned拥有；D. saw看见。根据下文“She loved her, trained her and played with her. ”可知她看到了海伦·凯勒的巨大潜力，才会爱她，帮助她，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：安妮·沙利文在海伦的生命中创造了奇迹。A. doubts疑虑；B. decisions决定；C. plans计划；D. wonders奇迹。根据下文“but it was the loving nurse who first believed in Little Annie and lovingly changed an uncommunicative child into a kind-hearted teacher.”可知正是那位有爱的护士对安妮·沙利文的爱使她成为一名好老师，所以她才能在海伦的生命中创造奇迹，根据常识我们知道海伦一个又聋又哑的小女孩后来成为了名人，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不是因为安妮·沙利文，海伦·凯勒的名字就不会为人所知。A. remained仍然是；B. seemed似乎；C. become成为；D. proved证明。解析同上，要是没有安妮·沙利文，海伦·凯勒就不会出名，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果没有这位善良而忠诚的护士，安妮·沙利文的名字也会如此。A. Either任意一个；B. And并且；C. So这样；D. Neither也不。So+主动词+主语，表示前面的肯定内容也适用于后者，而本句说的如果没有这位善良而忠诚的护士，安妮·沙利文的名字也一样不会被人所知，故选C。
第二节 语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Florence Nightingale was named after her birthplace, Florence, Italy. When she was almost a year old, she _____36_____(return) with her family to England.
Florence often helped her mother deliver food to the poor and sick. As she grew ______37______(old), she decided to become a nurse. Her family was shocked because nursing was not a _____38_____(respect) profession. But Florence was determined. She studied books on medicine. Later, she visited hospitals in France, Germany and Ireland and learned everything she could. _____39_____ returning home, she was an expert on hospital management.
In 1854, England _____40_____(fight) a war with Russia in Turkey. At the front many British soldiers were wounded or sick. The wounded _____41_____(soldier) lay on the hard floors of a dirty army hospital. In the evening, they tried to sleep, but rats ran over their bodies. The conditions for them were terrible.
Reports of the sufferings of the wounded in the front created anger in Britain. ____42____ response, the government appointed Florence Nightingale to hire female nurses ____43____(work) in the military hospitals in the front. Florence arrived in Crimea with thirty-eight nurses. At first, the doctors did not believe that women could help. But in fact, the nurses did make ____44____ difference. By day, nurses cleaned the wards and cared for the soldiers. At night, Nightingale took a lamp and walked around the hospital _____45_____(attend) the patients. The soldiers began to call Florence “The lady with the Lamp”.
【答案】36. returned
37. older 38. respected
39. Upon##On
40. was fighting
41. soldiers
42. In 43. to work
44. a 45. attending
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Florence Nightingale经过多年的努力，使护理成为一个令人尊敬的职业。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：当她快一岁时，她和家人一起回到了英国。根据从句的谓语动词was可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词应变过去式。故填returned。
【37题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：随着年龄变得更大，她决定成为一名护士。根据句意及句子结构可知，grew后接形容词的比较级，作表语。故填older。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她的家人感到震惊，因为护理不是一个受人尊敬的职业。根据句子结构可知，此处应填形容词作定语，respected“受人尊敬的”符合题意。故填respected。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：回国后，她是医院管理方面的专家。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填介词upon/on，upon/on doing sth.表示“一……就……”。位于句首，开头字母需大写，故填Upon/On。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：1854年，英国正在土耳其与俄罗斯开战。根据句意可知，此处描述过去一段时间正在发生的事情，故用过去进行时，主语England是单数，be动词用was。故填was fighting。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：受伤的士兵躺在肮脏的军队医院的坚硬地板上。分析可知，空处应填soldier的复数形式表泛指，故填soldiers。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为回应，政府委派Florence Nightingale去雇用女护士在前线的军事医院工作。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“作为回应”，故用短语in response，位于句首，开头字母需大写，故填In。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：作为回应，政府委派Florence Nightingale去雇用女护士在前线的军事医院工作。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语hire sb. to do sth.，表示“雇用某人做某事”，设空处故填不定式，作宾补。故填to work。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：但事实上，护士确实大有作为。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语make a difference，表示“有作用，有影响”，故填a。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：晚上，南丁格尔拿着一盏灯，在医院里走来走去，照顾病人。根据句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。主语Nightingale与attend主谓关系，设空处故填现在分词attending。故填attending。
第三部分 词汇&写作
第一节 单词拼写 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
根据句子的意思和括号里的中文提示，写出下列的单词的正确形式，每空限填一词，并把答案写在答题卷相应的横线上。
46. He evaluated all the evidence before drawing a ________________ (结论).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】conclusion
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他在得出结论之前评估了所有的证据。根据汉语提示和空格前不定冠词a可知，应使用单数可数名词conclusion作宾语，构成短语draw a conclusion，意为“得出结论”。故填conclusion。
47. This gives you the opportunity to pray for and ___________ (祝福)  the other. (根据汉语意思填空)
【答案】bless
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这给了你为他人祈祷和祝福的机会。根据汉语意思“祝福”可知应填动词bless，结合上文the opportunity to pray for and可知此处为不定式作定语，故应填动词原形。故填bless。
48. As a c_________(由于)of being in hospital, Shelly decided that she wanted to become a nurse.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】consequence##onsequence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于住院的缘故，雪莉下定决心以后当一名护士。根据句意和中英文提示可知，应使用名词consequence作宾语，构成介词短语as a consequence of...，意为“由于……”。故填consequence。
49. As a journalist, I’m in a profession where being _____________ (客观的) is a necessary quality. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】objective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名记者，在我从事的职业里，客观是一项必要的品质。根据汉语提示及句子结构可知，此处应填形容词，作表语。表示“客观的”，形容词objective符合题意，故填objective。
50. By the next day the wine had turned ________(酸的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】sour
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：到了第二天，酒就变酸了。分析句子可知，设空处位于系动词turn后，在句中作表语，结合汉语提示可知，此处表示“酸的”，应用形容词sour。故填sour。
51. He is widely a____________(被认为) to be the best player in the world. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】acknowledged##cknowledged
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他被广泛认为是世界上最好的球员。设空处和前面的is构成一般现在时的被动语态结构，所以划线处应为过去分词，根据汉语提示和首字母可知是acknowledged，故填acknowledged。
52. The past ten years has ________（见证）the achievements of developing sports business. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】witnessed
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：过去的十年见证了体育事业发展的成就。根据汉语意思提示，“见证”对应的动词是witness。根据句子结构可知，此空需要填动词的过去分词形式，和前面的“has”构成现在完成时的结构。故填witnessed。
53. Your home will also learn your daily r___________ and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】routine##outine
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你的家也会了解你的日常安排和喜好，所以当你每天晚上回到家的时候，一切都会为你准备好。根据句意和首字母提示，空处填名词routine，表示“常规；正常顺序”，daily routine常译为“日常生活”，和preferences并列作宾语。故填routine。
54. The companies with r_________ (可靠的) quality, perfect service, reasonable price win the trust of new and old customers. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】reliable##eliable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：公司以可靠的质量、完善的服务、合理的价格赢得了新老客户的信赖。根据单词首字母提示和汉语提示“可靠的”以及后文名词quality，可知应填形容词reliable做定语。故填reliable。
55. If there is a short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will detect it and provide you with the ____________ (相关的) information. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】relevant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果电线短路，智能家居将检测到并向您提供相关信息。表示“相关的”应用形容词relevant，此处作定语修饰information。故填relevant。
第二节 单句语法填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
56. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of_recovered. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，这种药在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大多数患者都康复了。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词patients，且作介词of的宾语，指人，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
57. This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology has been awarded to Tu Youyou, ________ research led to the discovery of artemisinin. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今年的诺贝尔生理学奖授予了屠呦呦，她的研究导致了青蒿素的发现。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非限定性定语从句的引导词。先行词为Tu Youyou，关系词在定语从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
58. The government has ________(ban) the use of chemical weapons. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】banned
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：政府已经禁止了对于化学武器的使用。根据上文has并结合句意可知此处应该填过去分词banned构成现在完成时。故填banned。
59. ___________（follow）the reindeer were the Sami people, who made this territory their home.(所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】Following
【解析】
【详解】考查倒装。句意：跟在驯鹿后面的是萨米人，他们在这片土地上安家。分析句子结构，句子“__________（follow）the reindeer were the Sami people”是倒装结构，句子正常语序为the Sami people were_________（follow）the reindeer，follow the reindeer应是现在分词短语作表语，将表语提前构成倒装。故填Following。
60. Tu Youyou, a ________ and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China. (commit) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】committed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦是一位坚定的和有耐心的科学家，她出生于中国宁波。分析可知此处用形容词修饰名词scientist，且和形容词patient构成并列关系。形容词committed，意为“坚定的”，故填committed。
61. I can think of nothing ________(good) than a nice cold beer on a hot summer afternoon. (所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】better
【解析】
【详解】考查比较级。句意：我想不出什么比在炎热的夏日下午喝一杯冰凉的啤酒更好的了。结合句意和than可知，此处用比较级，表示“更好的”，且否定词nothing＋比较级，可以表示最高级含义，故填better。
62. Smart homes can warn you early on if there is something ________. (normal) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】abnormal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果有异常情况，智能家居可以提前提醒您。根据句意和前文提示warn you early，空处应表示“异常的”含义，所以要填形容词normal的反义词，即形容词abnormal，表示“异常的”，修饰不定代词something，作后置定语。故填abnormal。
63. The guide ________(interpret) the foreigner’s remarks for us at that time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】interpreted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当时导游为我们翻译外国人的话。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语the guide之间是主动关系；根据时间状语at that time(在那时)，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处应用动词的过去式。故填interpreted。
64. The future home will use ________ sensors to tell when you leave home each morning. (integrate) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】integrated
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：未来的住宅将使用集成传感器来告诉你每天早上你什么时候离开家。分析可知，句中“will use”为谓语，所填动词为非谓语作定语，修饰名词“sensors”。“integrate”动词，意为“使合并”，与所修饰名词之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填integrated。
65. It is indeed an honour for China’s ________ research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. (science) (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】scientific
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：中国的科学研究和中医药能在世界各地传播，这的确是一种荣誉。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰名词research，作定语，应填形容词；结合句意及提示词可知，science的形容词形式为scientific，表示“科学的”。故填scientific。
第三节 书面表达(共1题，满分20分)
66. 你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇人物介绍。请根据以下信息，介绍一位人物。
姓名： 屠呦呦
出生日期：1930年12月30日
出生地:中国浙江宁波
兴趣爱好：喜欢阅读、科学研究
性格特征：有耐心、坚持不懈
教育经历：1955年毕业于北京大学医学院
主要评价：20世纪最伟大的人物之一
成就： 2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究促使了青蒿素的发现。这是一种至关重要的治疗疟疾的新疗法。
作文要求：根据表内所提供的信息写作;要求语句通顺连贯；逻辑思路清晰，作文字数要求100词内。不得抄袭、不得挪用该卷其他不符合部分内容的句子。
【答案】On December 30th, 1930, Tu Youyou, a great woman scientist, was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. She is a patient and determined person with great love for reading and scientific research. In 1951, she was admitted into Health Science Center of Peking University, and after four years’ hard working, she graduated in 1955. After that, she has been working on medicine. Tu, together with her colleagues, devoted themselves to finding a cure for malaria. She finally found Artemisinin, which was effective to treat malaria. Due to making such a great contribution to the world, she was awarded with the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, which made her one of the greatest figures of the 20th century.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生根据提供的信息介绍屠呦呦的生平。
【详解】1.词汇积累
下定决心的，坚定的：determined → resolute
致力于，献身于：devoted oneself to → commit oneself to
治疗：treat → cure
因为，由于：due to → because of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：She is a patient and determined person with great love for reading and scientific research.
拓展句：She is a patient and determined person who loves reading and scientific research.
【点睛】[高分句型1] She finally found Artemisinin, which was effective to treat malaria. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Due to making such a great contribution to the world, she was awarded with the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, which made her one of the greatest figures of the 20th century. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)