2022-2023学年广东省广州市玉岩中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省广州市玉岩中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。

广州市玉岩中学2022学年第一学期期中测试
高二英语
木试卷共8页，满分130分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用2B铅笔将姓名、准考证号填写在答卷上，并用2B铅笔在答卷上规定位置涂黑自己的试卷类型、考试证号和考试科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔涂黑答卷上对应题目的答案标号。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。(答案写在试题卷上无效)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答卷上将该项涂黑。
A
If you have a passion for music, art, history and more, indulge it on a Yoyo Odyssey Cultural Tour!
How we travel can make the difference between just visiting a place, or really experiencing it from the inside out, which is why Yoyo has created its new Odyssey Cultural Tours collection.
These small-group, luxury tours offer a deep dive into history, art, music, literature, dance and astronomy, while enjoying everything that a destination has to offer, from exceptional places to stay to the best of local food.
Each holiday has the service of a Yoyo tour manager and we’ll take care of you every step of the way, providing a VIP car service to your UK departure point for overseas trips, flights and transfers, all transports to accommodations, travel insurance and much more.
For music lovers, Yoyo has partnered with the Royal Academy of Music to create unique short breaks in London with concerts by talented young musicians from the Academy.
You’ll be in expert hands — each tour is accompanied by a specialist in their field who’s skilled at sharing their expertise through insight-packed talks throughout the holiday. Backstage, behind-the-scenes visits give a fascinating perspective on new places as well as cities that you may already know and love, all in the stimulating company of like-minded travellers.
ABC Music readers will receive an exclusive 5 per cent discount on all Yoyo Cultural Odyssey Tours — just quote the code ‘ABCR’ when booking. To find out more, please visit yoyo.uk / COT.
1. Why does Yoyo create the Cultural Odyssey Tours?
A. To create a music collection of Odyssey.
B. To help music lovers find like-minded friends.
C. To guide tour guests through a cultural experience.
D. To promote the ABC Music Magazine to new readers.
2. What can guests do during the tour?
A. Share their expert skills. B. Enjoy talks by a specialist.
C. Visit the backstage after a play. D. Play in a concert with musicians.
3. What should the ABC Music readers do for a discount when booking?
A. Use the required code. B. Find one more company.
C. Visit the website yoyo.uk / COT. D. Quote a comment about the ABC Music.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，宣传介绍了Yoyo奥德赛文化之旅的旅游方案。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“How we travel can make the difference between just visiting a place, or really experiencing it from the inside out, which is why Yoyo has created its new Odyssey Cultural Tours collection.”（我们的旅行方式决定了我们是仅仅参观一个地方，还是能够由内而外地去体验一个地方。这正是为什么Yoyo打造了新的奥德赛文化之旅。）可知，打造新的奥德赛文化之旅的原因在于带领游客由内而外地体验一个地方，即体验文化。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句“You’ll be in expert hands — each tour is accompanied by a specialist in their field who’s skilled at sharing their expertise through insight-packed talks throughout the holiday.”（您将得到专业人士的帮助——每个旅途都会有一位专业人士陪同，他们擅长在整个假期中通过充满见解的演讲分享他们的专业知识。）可知旅途中能够听到专家的演讲。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句“ABC Music readers will receive an exclusive 5 per cent discount on all Yoyo Cultural Odyssey Tours – just quote the code ‘ABCR’ when booking.”（ABC音乐的读者将获得所有Yoyo奥德赛文化之旅的5%的独家折扣——只需在预订时引用代码“ABCR”。）可知，ABC音乐的读者预订时要想获得折扣，就得使用规定代码。故选A项。
B
In the summer of 1885, nine-year-old Joseph Meister was very ill. He had been wounded by a sick dog that had rabies(狂犬病), a very dangerous disease. His parents were told that there was probably only one man who could save Joseph’s life——Louis Pasteur.
When Pasteur was a young boy in France, he spent many hours every day with the chemist (药剂师) who lived in his small town. At that time, the chemist had to make all the medicines himself. Young Louis enjoyed watching the chemist as he worked and helped those people who came to him each day.
As a school boy, Pasteur worked slowly and carefully. At first, his teachers thought that young Louis might be a slow learner. Through elementary school, high school, and college, Pasteur worked in the same thoughtful way. Then he became a college professor and a scientist , and he continued to work very carefully.
Pasteur was studying about the germs(细菌)that cause rabies when Joseph Meister became ill.In fact, Pasteur believed he had a medical treatment for rabies, but he had never given it to a person before. At first, Pasteur was afraid to treat Joseph, but the poor child was dying. Pasteur gave Joseph an inoculation(预防接种)every day for ten days. Slowly, the child became better.
During his lifetime, Pasteur studied germs and learned how they cause diseases in animals and people. He developed vaccinations(疫苗)that prevent many of these diseases. On September 28,1895, Louis Pasteur passed away, at the age of 72. The work of this great man has been of great help to modern medicine.
4. The story of Joseph Meister is given to __________.
A. express the author’s sadness
B. introduce the subject of the text
C. show some common diseases in 1885
D. warn children to stay away from dogs
5. According to the text, young Louis _________.
A. was once badly hurt by a dog
B. was very interested in medicine
C. made a living by working for a chemist
D. had been thought of by his teachers
6. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that Louis Pasteur __________.
A. was always patient B. was clever but proud
C. was a slow learner D. was a humorous professor
7. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Germs and diseases
B. Rabies: a terrible disease
C. The earliest chemist in France
D. Louis Pasteur: a great scientist
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文介绍伟大的科学家Louis Pasteur以及他对现代医学做出的巨大贡献。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的In the summer of 1885, nine-year-old Joseph Meister was very ill. He had been wounded by a sick dog that had rabies(狂犬病), a very dangerous disease. His parents were told that there was probably only one man who could save Joseph’s life——Louis Pasteur. Joseph Meister可知，Joseph Meister 得了病，被狂犬病的狗咬伤，是一种非常危险的疾病。他的父母被告诉只有Louis Pasteur能救Joseph的命。因此推断讲述Joseph Meister的故事是为了引出文章主题，向人们介绍Joseph及他为人类作出的贡献。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的Young Louis enjoyed watching the chemist as he worked and helped those people who came to him each day. 可知，Young Louis喜欢看药剂师工作，并乐意帮助那些每天来他这儿的人们。因此推断他对医学感兴趣。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句As a school boy, Pasteur worked slowly and carefully.他工作慢而细心。和最后一句he continued to work very carefully.他继续非常细心地工作。可知他做事时非常有耐心。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文特别是最后一段最后一句The work of this great man has been of great help to modern medicine.这位伟人的工作对现代医学有极大的帮助。可推断，本文主要讲述Louis Pasteur是一位伟大的科学家为最佳标题。故选D。



【点睛】归纳文章中心要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。比如4小题主旨大意题。通读全文特别是最后一段最后一句The work of this great man has been of great help to modern medicine.这位伟人的工作对现代医学有极大的帮助。可推断，本文主要讲述Louis Pasteur是一位伟大的科学家为最佳标题。故选D。
C
Skyscrapers (摩天大楼) are the symbol of urban life. City people are used to seeing tall buildings and apartments. Farms, on the other hand, are associated with rural life. However, there are experts who think skyscrapers should become farms to meet the Increasing food needs.
By the middle of this century, some scientists suggest, almost 80% of the earth’s population could live in cities. In addition, the population could increase to 9.1 billion people during that time yet the amount of land available for farming will be the same. If current farming practices don’t change, we will need an area of new land to produce enough food for the planet.
Vertical (垂直的) farms, where urban farmers could grow crops io environmentally friendly skyscrapers, could be the solution. In spite of concerns over high costs, experts want to make it a reality and use these skyscrapers to grow crops.
Vertical farms would have many advantages, supporters say. Unlike traditional farming, vertical farming could be free of chemicals and diseases. Besides, crops would not suffer from problems like flooding. Finally, vertical farms would reduce the cost and negative effects of transporting food over long distances.
Some argue that although crops growing in a tall glass building would get natural sunlight during the day, it wouldn’t be enough. For this reason, vertical farms would need additional light sources, such as artificial light.
Another way of growing fresh food is to build urban farms on rooftops. This more practical approach may be more achievable than the idea of farms in skyscrapers, researchers suggest. Experts agree that innovative (革新的) farming practices are needed to support the need for more food at affordable costs, both to the farmer and to the consumer, but the best ideas could be yet to come.
8. What primary problem could vertical farming settle?
A. Poor state of rural life.
B. Shortage of food supply.
C. High cost for transporting crops.
D. Environmental pollution by transitional farmings.
9. What is the advantage of vertical farming?
A. It can produce organic food.
B. It requires little care.
C. It can benefit transport industry
D. It needs very low cost.
10. What is a big challenge to make vertical farming a reality?
A. High costs. B. Crop diseases. C. Light sources. D. Climate conditions.
11. What can be the best title of the test?
A. Future Food Needs. B. Symbol of Urban Life.
C. Farming on Rooftops. D. Farms of the Future.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文属于说明文。为了解决日益增长的食物需求，专家介绍了两种在高楼大厦可以发展的农业，垂直农业和屋顶农场。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“By the middle of this century, some scientists suggest, almost 80% of the earth’s population could live in cities. In addition, the population could increase to 9.1 billion people during that time yet the amount of land available for farming will be the same. If current farming practices don’t change, we will need an area of new land to produce enough food for the planet.(一些科学家认为，到本世纪中叶，地球上近80%的人口将居住在城市。此外，在此期间，人口可能会增加到91亿人，但可用于耕种的土地数量将保持不变。如果目前的耕作方式不改变，我们将需要一块新的土地来为地球生产足够的食物。)”和第三段“Vertical (垂直的) farms, where urban farmers could grow crops io environmentally friendly skyscrapers, could be the solution.(垂直农场，城市农民可以在环保的摩天大楼里种植作物，这可能是解决方案。)”可知，垂直农业可以解决食物供应短缺。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Unlike traditional farming, vertical farming could be free of chemicals and diseases.(与传统农业不同的是，垂直农业可能没有化学品和疾病。)”可知，垂直农业不受化学物品和病虫害的影响，因此垂直农业的优势是它可以生产有机食品。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Some argue that although crops growing in a tall glass building would get natural sunlight during the day, it wouldn’t be enough. For this reason, vertical farms would need additional light sources, such as artificial light.(一些人认为，尽管在高大的玻璃建筑中生长的作物白天可以获得自然阳光，但这是不够的。因此，垂直农场需要额外的光源，如人造光。)”可知，垂直农业最大的问题就是光线不够，需要额外的光源，故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“If current farming practices don’t change, we will need an area of new land to produce enough food for the planet.(如果目前的耕作方式不改变，我们将需要一块新的土地来为地球生产足够的食物。)”，第三段“Vertical (垂直的) farms, where urban farmers could grow crops io environmentally friendly skyscrapers, could be the solution.(垂直农场，城市农民可以在环保的摩天大楼里种植作物，这可能是解决方案。)”和最后一段“Another way of growing fresh food is to build urban farms on rooftops.(另一种种植新鲜食物的方法是在屋顶上建造城市农场。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲的是为了解决城市人口食物短缺问题而提出的未来城市农场的2条建议，因此本文最好的题目是D选项“Farms of the Future(未来的农场)”。故选D。
D
Owls are equipped with highly developed stealth (隐形；隐身) technology that helps them charge towards prey—an animal hunted and eaten by another animal, a study has shown.
Owls have flight feathers that absorb aerodynamic (空气动力学) sound and control the vibrations that occur when a bird beats its wings. The result is perfect silence as it approaches a mouse or other prey.
Scientists used lasers and high-speed cameras to analyze and compare long-eared ow, eagle and pigeon feathers during fight. While differing in size, all three kinds of birds have a similar wingbeat style. Professor Jinkui Chu led the research, He said, “Many owls have a unique and fascinating ability to fly so silently that they are out of their prey’s hearing range, duo to their feather structure. This behaviour has long been of interest to engineers, as we seek to apply the owls’ noise-reduction mechanism (机制) to other purposes and situations that benefit society.”
“Now, however, wo know the owls’ silent flight ability is even better than we thought. Of all birds the owl is the king of acoustic stealth. It manages to prevent not only the aerodynamic noise when the owls are gliding, but also the mechanical noise caused by vibrations during flying.”
He added, “This is remarkable, considering the sudden jumping, bending and twisting the wings are subjected to the noise that is created by other birds. In the scientific world, the process used to remove this mechanical noise is called ‘damping’, which means the removal of mechanical energy from a vibrating system usually by changing it into heat and allowing it to remain steady. Our research showed the long-eared owl has amazing damping skill, meaning it can remain amazingly stable and remove the mechanical noise caused by the movement of its feathers—quite an impressive achievement of engineering. This study will hopefully provide a further insight into the owls’ silent flight mechanism and help engineers develop ideas for special materials or structures, such as onshore wind ships, where similar noise removal can be applied.”
12. What can we learn about owls according to the passage?
A. They are active during the day,
B. They attract much attention of engineers.
C. They have similar wings to eagles.
D. They beat wings without vibrations.
13. According to Jinkui Chu’s words in Paragraph 4, we can know that________.
A. owls are good at capturing prey
B. owls have a good sense of hearing
C. owls are good at jumping and twisting
D. owls have silent flight ability
14. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The mechanical noise.
B. The vibrating system.
C. Mechanical energy.
D The removal of mechanical energy.
15 What is mainly talked about in this passage?
A. Facts about stealth technology.
B. Technique that owls use to fly.
C. The reason for researching into owls.
D. A study about owls’ unique ability.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项研究表明，猫头鹰拥有高度发达的隐身技术，这有助于它们捕捉猎物，科学家们对猫头鹰的这种无声飞行技术进行了研究，以期用其原理来研发特殊材料或结构以造福社会。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Many owls have a unique and fascinating ability to fly so silently that they are out of their prey’s hearing range, duo to their feather structure. This behaviour has long been of interest to engineers, as we seek to apply the owls’ noise-reduction mechanism (机制) to other purposes and situations that benefit society.(因为它们的羽毛结构，许多猫头鹰都有一种独特而迷人的能力，它们能悄无声息地飞行，以至于它们超出了猎物的听觉范围。长期以来，工程师们一直对这种行为感兴趣，因为我们试图将猫头鹰的降噪机制应用于其他有益于社会的目的和情况。)”可知，猫头鹰的降噪机制引起了工程师们的广泛关注。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四节“Now, however, wo know the owls’ silent flight ability is even better than we thought. Of all birds the owl is the king of acoustic stealth. It manages to prevent not only the aerodynamic noise when the owls are gliding, but also the mechanical noise caused by vibrations during flying. (然而，现在我们知道，猫头鹰的无声飞行能力比我们想象的还要好。在所有鸟类中，猫头鹰是声隐身之王。它不仅能防止猫头鹰滑翔时的空气动力学噪声，还能防止飞行过程中振动引起的机械噪声。)”可知，第四段中 Jinkui Chu告知我们猫头鹰有非常好的无声飞行能力。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第五段中“In the scientific world, the process used to remove this mechanical noise is called ‘damping’, which means the removal of mechanical energy from a vibrating system usually by changing it into heat and allowing it to remain steady.(在科学界，消除这种机械噪声的过程被称为‘阻尼’，这意味着从振动系统中去除机械能，通常是通过将它转化为热量并使其保持稳定。)”可知，指示代词it指代前面的mechanical energy。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Owls are equipped with highly developed stealth (隐形；隐身) technology that helps them charge towards prey — an animal hunted and eaten by another animal, a study has shown. (一项研究表明，猫头鹰配备了高度发达的隐声技术，帮助它们冲向猎物——一种被另一种动物猎杀并吃掉的动物。)”可知，本文介绍了一项关于对猫头鹰的隐身技术的研究，研究者希望用其原理来研发特殊材料或结构。故文章主要内容为“一项关于猫头鹰独特能力的研究”，故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine that you are in a remote village somewhere with no medical clinic.___16___Once the doctors get to you, they examine you and take blood samples, but they won’t be able to help you until they take the samples back to the hospital to find out what is wrong.___17___ Thanks to engineer Andy Ozcan, many people may never be in this situation. He has invented an app that turns your mobile phone into a diagnostic (诊断的) tool.  
Ozcan’s invention is important because it is very accurate and easy to use. In many remote places, even if doctors have microscopes and other instruments to help them make diagnoses, there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don’t have enough training to correctly interpret what they see. ___18___ With Ozcan’s mobile phone app, health workers can take a special photo of a blood sample and send it to a central computer at a hospital. The computer will then automatically interpret the photo and send a diagnosis back in a few minutes.  
___19___ His technology only requires a mobile phone and an Internet connection. As more than four billion people already have cell phones, the cost of establishing the diagnostic system is fairly low.  
By inventing a medical tool that uses existing technology—mobile phones—Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere. ___20___
A. As a result, they may diagnose illnesses incorrectly.
B. People are trying to reduce the cost of this new medical tool.
C. This tool has become much more popular all around the world.
D. Another reason that Ozcan’s invention is important is that it is inexpensive.
E. You become very sick and must wait days until a mobile medical unit arrives to help.
F. Ozcan’s simple, cost-effective tool might just save millions of lives around the world.
G. Even though you may only have a simple infection, you might die because of the delay.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文。主要介绍了Andy Ozcan发明的一种将手机变成一种诊断工具的应用程序，这种发明很精确并易于使用。这种经济又实惠的医疗工具可以在世界的任何地方使用，能拯救全世界数百万人的生命。
【16题详解】
根据上文“想象一下，你在一个偏僻的村庄没有医疗诊所”及下句“一旦医生找到你，他们会给你检查并取血样，但是直到他们把血样带回医院，找出问题所在，他们才能帮助你”可推断出生病了要等几天医疗队才来看病。E项：你病得很重，必须等上几天，直到一个流动医疗队赶到帮助你，承上启下，故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文的内容“如果你生病要等好几天医生才来看病，并送医院检查才能诊断”。其结果会导致耽误病情，G项“即使只是简单的小感染，可能也会因为耽搁而死”，与上文连接，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文In many remote places. . . there may still be other problems. Many doctors, for example, don’t have enough training to correctly interpret what they see.可知，“在许多偏远的地方，即使医生有仪器帮忙，仍然会出现其他问题。例如，许多医生没有足够的培训来正确解释他们所看到的”，由此可判断出“这样可能会出现误诊”，A项(因此，他们可能错误地诊断疾病)是前面情况可能出现的结果。故选A。
19题详解】
第二段说Ozcan发明重要的一个原因，此处应当是另一个原因。分析选项可知D项(Ozcan的发明之所以重要的另一个原因是它很便宜)应该是正确的。此处是这一段的主题句，根据本段的内容可知“Ozcan的发明成本相当低”。D项中的inexpensive与本段最后的fairly low同义。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据上文Ozcan has developed a medical tool that is both practical and economical. Therefore, it can be effectively almost anywhere.“Ozcan研制了既实用又经济的医疗工具。因此, 它几乎可以在任何地方都有效”由此可推断出这种简单的、成本低的工具可以在全世界救人, F项(Ozcan的简单、有效的工具可能会拯救全世界数百万人的生命)符合本段内容。故选F。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的选项。
Could you live without your smartphone for an entire year? A filmmaker and fantasy author from New York is about to try in an effort to win $100,000.
Vitaminwater launched a contest in December, offering one contestant the____21____to end up with six figures if she was able to go a____22____year without using with a smartphone or tablet.
After sorting through over 100,000____23____submitted online____24____how they would approach the challenge, Vitaminwater aimed the company’s chosen candidate on Friday.
Elana Mugdan, 30,____25____an infomercial style video on Twitter that impressed the judges with its unique approach and humor. “She____26____for her originality and creativity in our challenge,” says Natalia Suarez, a brand manager at Vtaminwater.
Mugdan is____27____her iPhone for a flip phone (翻盖手机) provided by Vitaminwater. For the next year, she can’t____28____any smartphones or tablets at all, even those____29____other people. She will be able to use laptops and desktop computers. Devices like Google Home and Amazon Echo are OK, too, as long as they’re not____30____to a smartphone.
Getting____31____to compete came as an absolute surprise to Mugdan, “I really thought that I was a good____32____for it, but this was the kind of thing I never____33____that I would actually win,” Mugdan tells CNBC Make It.
“At first I was shocked when they called me. I’m kind of a(n)____34____person, so I was having a panic attack,” she says. But shock____35____turned to expectation, and now she feels she’s up for the challenge.
21. A. ability B. chance C. right D. task
22. A. full B. previous C. new D. tough
23. A. plans B. performances C. plays D. entries
24. A. telling B. predicting C. detailing D. announcing
25. A. watched B. submitted C. made D. shared
26. A. took up B. looked out C. made up D. stood out
27. A. exchanging B. transforming C. selling D. throwing
28. A. produce B. buy C. use D. borrow
29. A. belonging to B. appealing to C. confusing D. satisfying
30. A. adapted B. linked C. accustomed D. exposed
31. A. picked B. touched C. sent D. checked
32. A. name B. player C. fit D. author
33. A. appreciated B. expected C. decided D. promised
34. A. kind B. talkative C. optimistic D. anxious
35. A. completely B. normally C. slightly D. quickly
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是一位来自纽约的Mugdan将在一年内放弃智能手机，在Vitaminwater 公司发起的挑战赛中赢得10万美元。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年12月，Vitaminwater举办了一场比赛，如果一名参赛者能够全年不使用智能手机或平板电脑，她就有机会获得六位数的奖金。A. ability能力；B. chance机会；C. right权利；D. task任务。根据下文“end up with six figures”可知，句子表示“如果一名参赛者能够全年不使用智能手机或平板电脑，她就有机会获得六位数的奖金”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年12月，Vitaminwater举办了一场比赛，如果一名参赛者能够全年不使用智能手机或平板电脑，她就有机会获得六位数的奖金。A. full完整的；B. previous以前的；C. new新的；D. tough困难的。根据第一段的“Could you live without your smartphone for an entire year”可知，句子表示“如果一名参赛者能够全年不使用智能手机或平板电脑，她就有机会获得六位数的奖金”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在对网上提交的10万多份详细说明他们如何应对挑战的参赛作品进行筛选后，Vitaminwater于周五公布了该公司选定的候选人。A. plans计划；B. performances表演；C. plays戏剧；D. entries参赛作品。根据上文“launched a contest”可知，这是比赛，所以人们提交参赛作品。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在对网上提交的10万多份详细说明他们如何应对挑战的参赛作品进行筛选后，Vitaminwater于周五公布了该公司选定的候选人。A. telling告诉；B. predicting预测；C. detailing详细说明，详述；D. announcing宣布。根据下文“how they would approach the challenge”可知，参赛者在作品里详细说明自己会如何应对挑战。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：30岁的Elana Mugdan在Twitter上提交了一段电视购物风格的视频，其独特的方法和幽默给评委留下了深刻的印象。A. watched观看；B. submitted提交；C. made制作；D. shared分享。根据上文“over 100,000__3____submitted online____4__”可知，30岁的Elana Mugdan在Twitter上提交了一段电视购物风格的视频。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Vtaminwater的品牌经理Natalia Suarez表示：“在我们的挑战中，她的原创性和创造力脱颖而出。”A. took up占据；B. looked out小心；C. made up组成；D. stood out脱颖而出。根据上文“impressed the judges with its unique approach and humor”和下文“for her originality and creativity”可知，她的原创性和创造力脱颖而出。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mugdan正在把她的iPhone换成Vitaminwater提供的翻盖手机。A. exchanging调换，更换；B. transforming使转化；C. selling卖；D. throwing扔。根据下文“her iPhone for a flip phone”可知，Mugdan把她的iPhone换成Vitaminwater提供的翻盖手机。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的一年里，她根本不能使用任何智能手机或平板电脑，即使是属于别人的。A. produce生产；B. buy买；C. use用；D. borrow借入。根据下文“She will be able to use laptops and desktop computers”可知，她根本不能使用任何智能手机或平板电脑。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意：在接下来的一年里，她根本不能使用任何智能手机或平板电脑，即使是属于别人的。A. belonging to属于；B. appealing to吸引；C. confusing使困惑；D. satisfying使满意。根据上文“she can’t___8___any smartphones or tablets at all, even those”可知，她根本不能使用任何智能手机或平板电脑，即使是属于别人的。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：谷歌Home和Amazon Echo等设备也可以，只要它们没有连接到智能手机。A. adapted调整；B. linked连接；C. accustomed适应；D. exposed暴露。根据下文“to a smartphone”可知，谷歌Home和Amazon Echo等设备也可以，只要它们没有连接到智能手机。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：被选中参加比赛对Mugdan来说绝对是一个惊喜，“我真的认为我很适合这个比赛，但这是我从来没有想过我会赢得这个比赛，”Mugdan告诉CNBC Make it。A. picked挑选；B. touched触摸，做（某事）；C. sent发送；D. checked检查。根据第三段的“Vitaminwater aimed the company’s chosen candidate”可知，Mugdan被选中参加那个比赛，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：被选中参加比赛对Mugdan来说绝对是一个惊喜，“我真的认为我很适合这个比赛，但这是我从来没有想过我会赢得这个比赛，”Mugdan告诉CNBC Make it。A. name名字；B. player选手；C. fit适合，合身；D. author作者。根据上文“her originality and creativity in our challenge”可知，Mugdan觉得自己适合参加这个比赛。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：被选中参加比赛对Mugdan来说绝对是一个惊喜，“我真的认为我很适合这个比赛，但这是我从来没有想过我会赢得这个比赛，”Mugdan告诉CNBC Make it。A. appreciated欣赏；B. expected预料；C. decided决定；D. promised答应。根据下文“At first I was shocked when they called me”可知，她没有预料到自己会赢。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个焦虑的人，所以我有恐慌症。A. kind善良的；B. talkative健谈的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据下文“so I was having a panic attack”可知，她是一个焦虑的人。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但震惊很快变成了期待，现在她觉得自己已经准备好迎接挑战了。A. completely完全地；B. normally通常，平常；C. slightly稍微；D. quickly快速地。根据下文“turned to expectation, and now she feels she’s up for the challenge”可知，震惊很快变成了期待，现在她觉得自己已经准备好迎接挑战了。故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Throughout the history of mankind, people have been communicating with body languages. In many ___36___(situation), the way you say something is far more important than what you say.___37___(communicate) better with others, you are expected to pay attention to eye contact. It can signal friendliness or unfriendliness, interest or boredom, and understanding or confusion.
In Western cultures, keeping eye contact in conversations is ___38___(particular) important. As a matter___39___ fact, a westerner might consider a lack of eye contact as a lack of interest. In Spain, Italy and Greece,___40___people stand close together talking to each other, eye contact is more frequent and lasts ___41___(long).
In many Asian cultures, avoiding direct eye contact is one of the ways to show respect. It is done during the talk with anyone older. Habits like this can cause problems when people do not understand them. For example,___42___ Asian might close his eyes in concentration or look down while ___43___ (listen) to a speaker. A Western speaker might think the man is not interested,
However, in both West and Fast, totally avoiding eye contact might be considered a lack of ___44___(polite), but staring at others is also considered rude and should ____45____(avoid).
【答案】36. situations
37. To communicate
38. particularly
39. of 40. where
41. longer 42. an
43. listening
44. politeness
45. be avoided
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了更好地与他人交流，你应该注意眼神交流。它可以表示友好或不友好、感兴趣或厌烦、理解或困惑。比较了中西方文化中，对眼神交流的不同看法。
【36题详解】
考查名词的数。本句中situation为可数名词，由many修饰应用复数形式。故填situations。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知communicate在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语应用不定式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填To communicate。
【38题详解】
考查副词。修饰后面的形容词important应用副词particularly，表示“尤其，特别”。故填particularly。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：事实上，西方人可能会认为缺乏眼神交流是缺乏兴趣。结合句意表示“事实上”短语为as a matter of fact。故填of。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Spain, Italy and Greece，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。
【41题详解】
考查比较级。句意：在西班牙、意大利和希腊，人们在交谈时站得很近，目光接触更频繁，持续时间也更长。结合句意表示“更长”应用形容词比较级longer。故填longer。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。Asian为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个亚洲人”应用不定冠词，且Asian为元音音素开头的单词应用an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知listen在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Asian构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填listening。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：然而，在西方和快速，完全避免眼神接触可能被认为是缺乏礼貌，但盯着别人也被认为是粗鲁的，应该避免。此处作介词of的宾语应用名词politeness，表示“礼貌”。故填politeness。
【45题详解】
考查动词语态。句意同上。本句中主语staring at others与谓语动词avoid构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形。故填be avoided。
第三部分 写作(共三节，满分50分)
第一节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
请根据句子的意思和汉语提示完成下列句子，每空只填一词。将每一题的答案写在答卷相应的横线上。
46. Waiting for exam results is a time of great________(焦虑；担心). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】anxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：等待考试结果是一段非常焦虑的时间。由前边的great修饰，用名词anxiety，不可数。故填anxiety。
47. She smiled________(略微；稍微；轻微地), as if she were hiding something. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】slightly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：她微微一笑，好像在隐瞒什么。根据汉语提示可知，空格处用副词slightly，修饰动词smiled，作状语。故填slightly。
48. He is a very________(可靠的；可信赖的) and honest man who would never betray anyone. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】reliable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一个非常可靠和诚实的人，从不背叛任何人。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词reliable，和honest并列作定语，修饰后面的名词man。故填reliable。
49. I’m having a hard time adjusting to the________(现实；实际情况) of this situation. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】reality
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我很难适应这种局面的实际情况。“现实，实际情况”表达为名词reality，为不可数名词，作to的宾语。故填reality。
50. Last year, she________(克服；解决；战胜) injury to win the Olympic gold medal. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】overcame
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：去年，她克服伤病赢得了奥运会金牌。“克服；解决；战胜”是overcome，由Last year可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填overcame。
51. The exhibition will focus on various________(方面；层面) of life and culture in the Middle East. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】aspects
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：此次展览将集中展示中东地区生活和文化的各个方面。“方面；层面”是aspect，various后跟名词的复数，故填aspects。
52. It was________(怀疑；疑有) that the drugs had been brought into the country by boat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】suspected
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：人们怀疑毒品是用船只运进这个国家的。“怀疑；疑有”是suspect，It和suspect之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此句子用被动语态，空格处用过去分词，故填suspected。
53. I was in the kitchen,________ (倒出；斟饮料) out drinks. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】pouring
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我当时在厨房倒饮料。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词pour，句中谓语是was，空格处用非谓语动词，I和pour之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动，作状语。故填pouring。
54. Politicians are skilled at ________ (辩解) themselves against their critics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】defending
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：政客们善于在批评者面前为自己辩护。“辩解”是defend，at是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是defending，故填defending。
55. Buyers are holding back in________(期望；预期；期待) of further price cuts. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】expectation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于预期价格会进一步下调，买家们都犹豫不决。根据句意和汉语提示以及空格前后的介词分析句子可知，空格处应该填入名词expectation，构成短语in expectation of（预料）。故填expectation。
第二节 完成句子(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
请根据中文及括号内提示翻译下列句子，每空只填一词。将每一题的答案写在答卷相应的横线上。
56. 换句话说，流言蜚语之所以让人感到很满足，是因为它给人一种归属感甚至优越感。
________, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority.
【答案】In other words
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，设空处为“换句话说”，应用介词短语in other words，句首单词首字母大写。故填In other words。
57. 我们正试图消除两个不同社区的年轻人之间的隔阂。
We’re trying to________between young people from both communities.
【答案】break down barriers
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和名词。设空处为“消除隔阂”，“消除”用动词短语break down，在不定式符号to用动词原形，作宾语；“隔阂”用名词barrier，可数名词，这里应用复数形式。故填break down barriers。
58. 我觉得我已经被赋予了第二次生命，可以献身于一些有意义而宏大的事情。
I feel that I’ve been given a second life to________something that is________and enormous.
【答案】 ①. devote to ②. meaningful
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和形容词。分析句子可知，表示“献身于”应为devote…to…，句中不定式to devote作定语修饰a second life，故第一空填devote to；第二空与形容词enormous并列在句中作表语，所以是形容词，meaningful意为“有意义的”符合句意。故填①devote to ②meaningful。
59. 实际上，袁隆平在内心深处仍然是一位农民。身为土地之子，他不在乎名利。
________, Yuan Longping is still very much a farmer at heart. As a man of soil, he cares little for________or money.
【答案】 ①. Deep down ②. celebrity
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和名词。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“实际上”，第二空意为“名声”，“实际上”是固定短语deep down，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，“名声”是celebrity，是不可数名词。故填①Deep down；②celebrity。
60. 由于森林遭到破坏，目前该国的部分地区水源短缺。
________of the destruction of the forests, parts of the country are now short of water.
【答案】Because/As a result
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“由于”，由“of the destruction”可知，“由于”用固定短语Because of/As a result of，因此空格处是because/as a result，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Because/As a result。
61. 中国家庭会竭力让你有宾至如归的感觉。
The Chinese family go out of their way to make you________.
【答案】feel at home
【解析】
【详解】考查省略to的不定式。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“宾至如归”，是固定短语feel at home，make sb. do sth.是固定短语，意为“让某人做某事”，因此空格处动词用原形（即省略to的不定式），故填feel at home。
62. 但是，在巴西和德国，你应该避免做这个手势，因为这被认为不礼貌。
However, you should avoid________in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite. (动词-ing形式作宾语)
【答案】making this gesture
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。avoid doing sth. (避免做某事)，make this gesture (做这个手势)用动名词形式作宾语。故填making this gesture。
63. 有机食品是否真正对人们更好依然不清楚。
________is really better for people remain unknown. (主语从句)
【答案】Whether organic food
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“有机食品是否”，“有机食品”是organic food，是不可数名词，分析句子结构可知，“_____is really better for people”是主语从句，引导主语从句的“是否”用whether，位于句首，首字母大写，因此空格处是Whether organic food。故填Whether organic food。
64. 世界粮食计划署致力于实现的东西是缓解饥饿、保障食品安全和营养。
________the World Food Programme aims to achieve is to relieve________and support food security and________. (主语从句)
【答案】 ①. What ②. hunger ③. nutrition
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和名词。分析英文句子的结构可知，“_____the World Food Programme aims to achieve”是主语从句，从句中缺宾语，句子表示“世界粮食计划署致力于实现的东西”，因此第一空用what引导主语从句，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，因此第一空是What；对比中英文句子可知，第二空意为“饥饿”，第三空意为“营养”，都用名词作宾语，“饥饿”的名词是hunger，“营养”的名词是nutrition，都是不可数名词。故填What，hunger，nutrition。
65. 来自宽街水泵的水被污染了。这是这条街有更多霍乱相关的死亡人数的原因。多亏了约翰·斯诺的不懈努力，感染得到了控制。
The water from the Broad Street pump Was polluted. That was________there were more cholera related deaths on this street. ________John Snow’s tireless efforts, the infection was brought under control. (表语从句)
【答案】 ①. why ②. Thanks to
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句和固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“为什么”，第二空意为“多亏了”，“为什么”是why，引导的是表语从句；“多亏了”是固定短语thanks to，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填why，Thanks to。
第三节 读后续写(满分25分)
66. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alice is an ordinary woman with an amazing heart. One day, she was flying from Tampa to Hawaii for a meeting. Her boyfriend, Rico, came to see her of. When they slowly made it to the safety check, they noticed the airport security (安保人员) was asking a young lady to drop a package into the litter bin before boarding her plane.
The lady begged to place the package in Lost and Found Department instead of throwing it away. Sadly, it was not allowed. The lady, after much begging, finally dropped her package and was heading to her gate. Alice, after realizing the lady was nearly in tears, knew something was wrong. Then, it was her turn to pass through security.
While hugging Rico goodbye, she asked him to quietly go through the liter bin and pick up the deserted (丢弃的) package to see what was inside of it. Alice was truly trying to help the lady.
After waving a final goodbye to his girlfriend, Rico went straight to the litter bin to get the package.
As soon as her plane landed, Alice called Rico about the package and was told that in it was a snow globe (水晶球) with a picture of the young lady in the airport. On the base were the words “We love you, Katie. Grandma and Grandpa." Alice immediately realized that the snow globe was far from ordinary. They should do something to return it.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 开头已给出。
Paragraph1:
Alice did the only thing that came to mind: asking for the help of strangers online.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
One day, Katie heard a knock on the door.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Alice did the only thing that came to mind: asking for the help of strangers online.She asked them to spread the story of the package. But after she came back from Hawaii , there were still no answer. She felt very anxious.Then she posted the picture on the snow globe with a picture of young lady in the airport online and told more friends about it .She was waiting for the reply with anxiety. At last, a stranger told her about the address of the young lady.She felt relieved at the moment.Then she told the good news to her boy, Rico and made a decision that they would give the package to the lady in person .
One day Katie heard a lock on the door, it was a young girl named Alice and a young man named Rico. With a big smile on their faces. After the young girl told her about their visit, Katie was so moved that she burst into tears. She told Alice and Rico, the snow globe was the most precious gift that her grandma and grandpa left to her. She expressed her deep gratitude to Alice and her boyfriend for their action. Without their kindness, She would have lost the gift forever.
【解析】
【分析】本文以扔掉的包裹为线索展开，讲述了作者在飞机场过安检时，发现一位女士被迫扔掉包裹，她感到同情，就让送别她的男朋友悄悄将包裹捡来，最后想方设法将包裹送到那位女士的手里的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她想到的唯一的事情就是向网友求助”可知，第一段可描写作者想尽办法找扔包裹的女士。
②由第二段首句内容“有一天，Katie听到有人敲门”可知，第二段可描写Alice和Rico将包裹物归原主的过程。
2.续写线索：产生想法——网上寻求帮助——等待——有人提供信息——送还包裹——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①发布：post /pass sth online
②.感激：express deep gratitude / be thankful
③.留给：leave sth to sb/send sth to sb
情绪类
①.流泪：burst into tears/ burst out crying
②.感动的：moved / touched
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. She told Alice and Rico, the snow globe was the most precious gift that her grandma and grandpa left to her.（由that引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2]. Without their kindness, She would have lost the gift forever.（运用了虚拟语气）