2022-2023学年北京师范大学附属实验中学高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

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北京北师大实验中学高二(上)期中
英 语
第一部分 听力(共三节，共30分)
第一节(共5个小题;每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1.What is Jason doing?
A. Watching TV. B. Playing a song. C. Reading a newspaper
2. When did the man get a driver’s license?
A. At age 18. B. At age 20. C. At age 22.
3.What is the man’s first language?
A. French. B. German. C. English.
4. What does the woman ask the boy to do ?
A. Clean his room. B. Wash the dishes. C. Take out the trash.
5.Where does the conversation take place?
A. At home. B. In an office. C. In a restaurant.
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至7两道小题。
6. How many daily things did the woman do yesterday?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
7.Where does the man need to go today?
A. To the post office. B. To the bank. C. To the supermarket.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至9两道小题。
8. What do we know about the man’s wife?
A. She is easy to shop for.
B. She only likes certain things.
C. She doesn’t like something blue.
9.What did the man buy?
A. A pair of gloves. B. A sweater. C. A scarf.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至12三道小题。
10. What can we know about Mark’s father?
A. He often forgets about things.
B. He likes to keep secrets.
C. He doesn’t like to talk.
11.Where will Alice be going first after work tomorrow?
A. To her parents’. B. To her own house. C. To her daughter’s kindergarten.
12.Who might Sam be?
A. Mark’s co-worker. B. Alice’s husband. C. Daisy’s friend.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至15三道小题。
13. Why is the man reading a book about computer programming?
A. It’s out of his own interest.
B. It’s required by his teacher.
C. It’s recommended by his friend.
14.Which major is the man studying at school?
A. Psychology. B. Computer. C. Math.
15.What kind of novel does the man want to read?
A. Science fiction. B. Romance novels. C. Detective novels.
第三节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，共7.5分)
听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有90秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。
Cultural Traditions in the United Kingdom
Introduction
The United Kingdom has a lot of cultural traditions.
Some are old, probably dating back (16)________of years, while others are new --maybe just a few decades old.
Almost every (17)________has its own traditions.
One of the oldest traditions
Little girls dance around a tall piece of wood, holding long pieces of cloth which are tied to it. This happens in the month of (18)________and some people think it is done to encourage better harvest.
A new tradition
Perhaps only about fifty years old, it is a competition where people throw a boot backwards over their shoulder. This happens in (19)________, usually at pubs, and is done just for fun.
The person who throws the boot the farthest is the winner.
Conclusion
From north to south, the UK’s traditions are evidence of (20)________stages in the country’s long history.

第二部分 完形填空。(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Misty didn’t always feel so confident in herself. The challenges she has faced over almost 20 years of dancing have made her strong.
At the young age, Misty was a shy child and____1____the spotlight(聚光灯).But she loved music and movement. When she was 13, her coach suggested that she attend a free ballet class at the Boys &Girls club. At first, Misty was afraid to join in and felt out of place in the class.____2____, she discovered that her body--especially her long legs and flexible muscles--was just right for ballet, which____3____her up. However, at the age of 19, she suddenly gain____4____ “My body changed completely over the course of several months,” she says. Misty had always been long and slim, which was considered “perfect” for a ballet dancer’s body. But now, she says, “I was being told that my proportions(比例) just weren’t right any more.” Additionally, Misty was the____5____African American in a company of 80 dancers. So she sometimes felt as if she didn’t fit in. Misty says this time was “one of the____6____moments of my life.” Even though Misty felt discouraged, she didn’t break____7____. She talked with others who had struggled with similar problems. With the support of these friends, things slowly____8____.
Today, Misty says, “I’ve learned to embrace my appearance, skin color, and figure.” She wants to help other dancers____9____themselves, too. In her own book, Firebird, Misty tells readers to go after their dreams: “No matter what that dream is,” she writes, “ you have the power to make it come true with hard work and_____10_____.”
1. A. liked B. ignored C. needed D. avoided
2. A. By this means B. With courage C. Over time D. At her age
3. A. cheered B. made C. brought D. picked
4. A. strength B. confidence C. weight D. knowledge
5. A. first B. only C. special D. poorest
6. A. happiest B. best C. toughest D. scariest
7. A. down B. up C. away D. out
8. A. happened B. turned C. worsened D. improved
9. A. change B. like C. accept D. believe
10. A. devotion B. fortune C. experience D. patience
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A
【解析】
【导语】本篇是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了黑人女孩Misty在追梦路上，不断克服自我与外界带来的困扰与质疑，成功成为一名优秀的芭蕾舞者，并鼓励遇到类似问题的人的故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小的时候，Misty是一个害羞的孩子，总是避免处于聚光灯下。A. liked喜欢；B. ignored忽视；C. needed需要；D. avoided避免。根据“Misty was a shy child”可知，Misty是个害羞的女孩，因此，她总是避免处于聚光灯下。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她发现自己的身体——尤其是她的长腿和柔韧的肌肉——正适合跳芭蕾，这让她振奋起来。A. By this means用这种方法；B. With courage勇敢地；C. Over time随着时间的过去；D. At her age以她年纪。根据后文“she discovered that her body--especially her long legs and flexible muscles”提到Misty 随着时间的流逝发现了自己身体的优势，over time符合语境。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她发现自己的身体——尤其是她的长腿和柔韧的肌肉——正适合跳芭蕾，这让她振奋起来。A. cheered高兴；B. made制作；C. brought带来；D. picked挑选。根据前文“At first, Misty was afraid to join in and felt out of place in the class.”可知，Misty对自己一直不自信，但是她的身形能够让她成为优秀的芭蕾舞者这一点，却鼓舞了，使她振作/自信起来。cheer sb. up, 意为“（使）振作起来”，故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在19岁的时候，她突然变胖了。A. strength力量；B. confidence自信；C. weight重量；D.knowledge知识。根据后文““My body changed completely over the course of several months,” she says. Misty had always been long and slim, which was considered “perfect” for a ballet dancer’s body.”可知，在Misty在19岁时，体重增加。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，Misty是80人舞蹈团中唯一的非洲裔美国人。A. first第一；B. only唯一的；C. special特别的；D. poorest最穷的。“only”一词体现出Misty作为唯一的非裔美国人，在所有舞者当中的格格不入。其他选项不能表达此义。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Misty说，这是“我一生中最艰难的时刻之一。”A. happiest最快乐的；B. best最好的；C. toughest最难的；D. scariest最吓人的。根据前文“However, at the age of 19, she suddenly gain____4____”和“African American”可知，因为身材走样以及肤色问题，这段时间是Misty人生当中最艰难的时刻之一。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管Misty感到气馁，但她并没有崩溃。A. down向下；B. up向上；C. away远离；D. out在外。break down出故障；崩溃。根据“Even though Misty felt discouraged,”可知，尽管Misty灰心丧气，她仍旧没有崩溃。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这些朋友的支持下，情况慢慢好转。A. happened发生；B. turned转动；C. worsened恶化；D. improved改善。根据上文“With the support of these friends,”可知，Misty在这些朋友的帮助下，情况慢慢有所改善。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她也想帮助其他舞者接受自己。A. change改变；B. like喜欢；C. accept接受；D. believe相信。根据上文“accept my appearance, skin color, and figure”原词复现，Misty学会接受自己的外貌、肤色以及身材，她也想帮助其他的舞者接受她们自己。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Misty在自己的书《火鸟》中告诉读者要追逐自己的梦想：“不管梦想是什么，”她写道，“只要努力工作和奉献，你就有能力实现它。”A. devotion奉献；B. fortune运气；C. experience经历；D. patience耐心。根据“with hard work and”可知，本句主题升华，即“通过努力和奉献，你最终有能力实现梦想。”故选A。
第三部分 阅读理解。(共三节，共50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
FOR RENT
Large sunny office in convenient downtown location, near two bus routes, ample parking at the back. 900 sq. feet divided into two private offices and comfortable reception area, small kitchen, one bathroom. Modern 10-story building with two elevators. ＄1, 750/month. First month’s rent and security deposit equal to one month’s rent required to move in. To see, call City Office Rentals at 382-0838 between 8:30 and 4:30, Tues.-Sat.
To: Marilyn Sawyer
From: Paul Lebowski
Sent: Tuesday, October 3
Subject: Office rental
Marilyn,
Here’s a link to an office rental ad I found online: www.offices.com/10-01. I think it’s worth looking at even though the rent is a bit high. I know it is a good deal more than we are paying now, but look at the size. It’s twice as big as our current office, and I’m sure we can use the space.
And it has a kitchen, a bathroom and a reception area just like we have now. Unfortunately, it is nowhere near a subway station. That is a convenience I would miss having, but it does have parking, unlike our current office. I’m sure our clients would appreciate that. It would also be good to be in a building with an elevator. I’m really tired of using the stairs. I’d like to see the space as soon as possible. Could you call and make an appointment? Try and get one for tomorrow if you can, because after that I’ll be away until next Monday, as you know. Thanks.
Paul

11. How big is Marilyn and Paul’s current office?
A. 450 square feet. B. 750 square feet.
C. 900 square feet. D. 1,750 square feet.
12. What is true of Marilyn and Paul’s current office?
A. It is near the subway.
B. It is in a 10-story building.
C. It is in a building with an elevator.
D. It cost more than the advertised office.
13. When does Paul want to see the office?
A. Monday B. Tuesday C. Wednesday D. Thursday
【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。Paul在网上看到出租广告，发邮件给Marilyn，希望她能租下这间办公室。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个表格中的“900 sq. feet divided into two private offices and comfortable reception area, small kitchen, one bathroom.(900平方英尺分为两个私人办公室和舒适的接待区，小厨房，一间浴室)”以及第二个表格中的第一段“It’s twice as big as our current office, and I’m sure we can use the space.(它是我们现在办公室的两倍大，我相信我们可以利用这个空间)”可知，出租的办公室比 Marilyn和Paul现在的办公室大两倍，所以他们现在办公室是900÷2=450平方米。故选A项。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二个表格中的第二段“Unfortunately, it is nowhere near a subway station. That is a convenience I would miss having, but it does have parking, unlike our current office.(不幸的是，它离地铁站很远。这是我会怀念的便利，但它确实有停车场，不像我们现在的办公室)”可推知，他们现在的办公室离地铁站很近。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二个表格中的第二段“Try and get one for tomorrow if you can, because after that I’ll be away until next Monday, as you know.(如果可以的话，试着明天订一间，因为你知道，那之后我要到下周一才回来)”以及“Sent: Tuesday, October 3(发送日期:10月3日，星期二)”可知，保罗想星期三去看这间办公室。故选C项。
B
Every four years we get to see the best competing to win the Olympic medals. But sometimes the best inspiration comes from those who don’t win-- or even someone who came in dead last.
In 1988, Michael “The Eagle” Edwards became the first competitor since 1928 to represent Great Britain in Olympic ski jumping. How did Eddie do? He came in No. 58 out of 58. But it didn’t matter. His fans loved him for other reasons. He had no trainer, no money, no practice facilities--and some called him the great British loser. Eddie says, “I got my letter saying, ‘Congratulations, you can represent Great Britain in the Olympic Games’ when I was in a mental hospital in Finland. I wasn’t a patient. I was there because it was the cheapest place for me to stay.” On getting ready to do his jump, Eddie says, “There were about 85 or 90 thousand people in the ski jump area, and I thought ‘this is going to be really good, I’m really going to go for this,’ The Germans and the Swiss and the Italians were going down jumping, but the crowd were ignoring them and chanting, ‘Eddie! Eddie!’”
“And I got out and sat on the bar and they started cheering and cheering and it was great!”
“When you sit at the top of the ski jump, you look down, and you’re probably about 500 or 600 feet up from where you’re actually going to finish. You can see a million and one different reasons why you shouldn’t really go down. So you do have to be not a little crazy, but probably a lot.”
“You’re travelling at 65 or 75 miles per hour. Within about a second you’ll be 250 feet up from where you’re going to be landing. And you just try to relax and let your skis carry you to the bottom of the hill.”
“It’s the most exciting feeling in the world.”
Eddie’s British record jump of 71 meters landed him in 58th place--out of 58 competitors, 19 meters behind the jumper who was placed 57th. And if you ask anyone in Great Britain, “Who won the Olympic ski jump in 1988?” Almost no one could tell you. But if you ask, “Who is Eddie ‘The Eagle’ Edwards?” They’ll tell you all about the crazy ski jump guy who they still remember and love to this day. The British people were so proud of him for just trying, that winning didn’t matter a bit. He dares to go where most of us won’t. Yes, he came in dead last, but he will be forever and fondly remembered by his country for doing what no one else had done in 60 years.
So what daring thing are you afraid to do? Take Eddie’s example and just go for it.
You might just become a legend.
14. The competitor who was placed 57th kept the record jump of ________meters in 1988.
A. 52 B. 77 C. 90 D. 129
15. Which statement is true according to the passage?
A. Eddie represented Finland in Olympic ski jumping.
B. Eddie trained himself with good practical facilities.
C. Eddie thought it didn’t matter to be in dead last.
D. Eddie thought himself to be a legend in Britain.
16. How did Eddie win the hearts of British people?
A. He became the first British competitor in Olympic ski jumping.
B. He did what no one else had done in 60 years for his country.
C. He could ski jump at the speed of 65 or 75 miles per hour.
D. He has got a great deal of British sport fans.
17. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The Eagle B. Getting to the medal
C. The Importance of Failure D. When Last Place is Really First
【答案】14. C 15. C 16. B 17. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在1988年冬奥会上，英国小伙“飞鹰”艾迪在58人参加的跳台滑雪比赛中名列倒数第一。但他以坚韧不拔、勇于开拓的精神和不畏艰难、与命运抗争的勇气而被人们所铭记。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段“Eddie’s British record jump of 71 meters landed him in 58th place--out of 58 competitors, 19 meters behind the jumper who was placed 57th. (艾迪以71米的成绩打破了英国跳远纪录，在58名参赛选手中排名58位，比排名57位的选手落后19米。)”可知，1988年，排名第57位的选手保持了90米跳远纪录。故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“On getting ready to do his jump, Eddie says, “There were about 85 or 90 thousand people in the ski jump area, and I thought ‘this is going to be really good, I’m really going to go for this,’ The Germans and the Swiss and the Italians were going down jumping, but the crowd were ignoring them and chanting, ‘Eddie! Eddie!’”(在准备起跳的时候，艾迪说:“跳台滑雪区大约有8万5千到9万人，我想‘这一定会很棒，我一定要去试试。’德国人、瑞士人和意大利人都在跳台，但人群无视他们，高喊‘艾迪!艾迪!’”)”可知，艾迪认为自己一定要去试试，是最后一名不重要。故选C。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据第七段“Yes, he came in dead last, but he will be forever and fondly remembered by his country for doing what no one else had done in 60 years. (是的，他是最后一位，但他的国家将永远怀念他，因为他做了60年来没有人做过的事情。)”可知，艾迪为他的国家做了60年来没有人做过的事情，赢得了英国人的心。故选B。
【17题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In1988, Michael “The Eagle” Edwards became the first competitor since 1928 to represent Great Britain in Olympic ski jumping. How did Eddie do? He came in No. 58 out of 58. But it didn’t matter. (1988年，“飞鹰”迈克尔·爱德华兹成为自1928年以来首位代表英国参加奥运会跳台滑雪比赛的运动员。艾迪做得怎么样？他在58人中排名第58。但这并不重要。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了在1988年冬奥会上，英国小伙“飞鹰”艾迪在58人参加的跳台滑雪比赛中名列倒数第一。但他以坚韧不拔、勇于开拓的精神和不畏艰难、与命运抗争的勇气而被人们所铭记。所以“When Last Place is Really First(当最后一名才是真正的第一名的时候)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
C
Landscapes are not only the setting for history; they are also a major source of our sense of history and identity.Read them right, and historical landscapes can be more informative than any other kind of source.This is even more the case with sacred landscapes, which were reflection of our ancestors’ beliefs about their relation to the cosmos and can still today seem to hold a spiritual influence.
Over the years, I’ve had the good fortune to have spent time in many historical landscapes, hoping to picture something of the spirits of the people who shaped them over the centuries.I still remember years ago walking along the Inca sacred lines around Cusco, Peru. In this ancient landscape, old sites that once belonged to Incan royals had become torn Spanish mansions. Or many years ago, before the Gulf Wars, I took a journey through south Iraq, the heart land of civilization, where the desert is still crossed by dried-up riverbeds of the Euphrates and canals that once sustained the world’s first cities.
Britain also has its own magical ancient landscapes. From the Mesolithic to the Bronze and Iron Ages, rich layers of the past are still present in the landscape surrounding Stonehenge, even as traffic rushes down the A303. It is the A303 that is the problem. As the main road to the south west from the home counties, the road runs right past Stonehenge. One of humanity’s most famous monuments, Stonehenge is an archaeological landscape without parallel in Europe, and perhaps the world. The first circle at Stonehenge was made 5,000 years ago, and the great stone circle itself in a round 2,500 BC—the age of the pyramids! And the mysteries of this amazing monument and the complex prehistoric societies that produced it are by no means exhausted, as new discoveries continue to show.
All the more worrying to me then, this unique landscape is currently at the centre of a projected plan by Highways England, which aims to relieve congestion on the A303 by creating a four-lane road with a 1.8-mile tunnel, and an expressway interchange 1.5 miles to the west. While the National Trust and English Heritage have offered qualified support for the plan, UNESCO has expressed its opposition. Meanwhile, the Stonehenge Alliance, a group of archaeologists and environmental campaigners, says the plan is based on inadequate and obsolete information. In the end, the argument is about the totality of an ancient landscape, and that includes the ancient astronomical alignment that was purposefully chosen by our ancestors, and that will, in my view, be wrecked by the expressway interchange. Time perhaps for a rethink in the name of future generations?
18. What can historical landscapes offer us?
A. Details of ancient lifestyle. B. Sacred writings.
C. Rich historical information. D. Breathtaking sights.
19. What did the author want to explore when touring historical landscapes?
A. Different architecture. B. His sense of belonging.
C. The rise of ancient cities. D. The spirits of ancestors.
20. Which of the following is True about Stonehenge ?
A. The first stone circle has a longer history than the pyramids.
B. New discoveries have solved the mysteries of the monument.
C. The ancient monument must have been the heart land of civilization.
D. The landscape surrounding has rich layers of the present.
21. What is the author’s attitude towards the projected plan by Highways England?
A. He is for it because it will benefit the future generations.
B. He keeps cool but believes a better solution could be adopted.
C. It should be stopped because it will destroy the totality of the monument.
D. It is rather practical especially with qualified support from the government.
【答案】18. C 19. D 20. A 21. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。根据作者常年的观察研究，历史景观不仅是历史的遗留也是我们追朔自己身份的重要资源，它们对人类有重要意义。同时文章指出，为了人类的下一代，我们要尽量保护这些历史景观。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Landscapes are not only the setting for history; they are also a major source of our sense of history and identity. Read them right, and historical landscapes can be more informative than any other kind of source.” 景观不仅仅是历史的背景；它们也是我们历史感和认同感的主要来源。正确地认识它们，历史景观可能比任何其他类型的来源提供更多的信息。由此可知，历史景观可以提供大量的历史信息，故选C。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over the years, I’ve had the good fortune to have spent time in many historical landscapes, hoping to picture something of the spirits of the people who shaped them over the centuries.” 多年来，我有幸在许多历史景观中驻足，希望能描绘出几个世纪以来塑造这些景观的人们的精神风貌。由此可知，作者参观历史景观时想要探索的是几个世纪前的工匠们的精神，故选D。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后两句“The first circle at Stonehenge was made 5,000 years ago, and the great stone circle itself in a round 2,500 BC—the age of the pyramids! And the mysteries of this amazing monument and the complex prehistoric societies that produced it are by no means exhausted, as new discoveries continue to show. ”巨石阵的第一个圆圈是在5000年前建造的，而巨大的石圈本身是在公元前2500年形成的——那就是金字塔时代!这个令人惊叹的遗迹和产生它的复杂的史前社会的神秘之处并没有穷尽，正如新的发现继续表明的那样。由此可知，巨石阵的第一个石圈比金字塔的历史要长，故选A。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“All the more worrying to me then, this unique landscape is currently at the centre of a projected plan by Highways England, which aims to relieve congestion on the A303 by creating a four-lane road with a 1.8-mile tunnel, and an expressway interchange 1.5 miles to the west.” 更让我担心的是，这一独特的景观目前正处于英格兰高速公路计划的中心位置，该计划旨在通过修建一条四车道的公路和一条1.8英里长的隧道，以及向西1.5英里的高速公路交汇处来缓解A303公路的拥堵。和“in my view, be wrecked by the expressway interchange. Time perhaps for a rethink in the name of future generations?” 在我看来，这将会被高速公路交汇处破坏。也许是时候以子孙后代的名义重新思考了? 由此可知，作者担心英格兰的高速公路计划会破坏这个历史遗迹并对后代有影响，所以应该是不支持的态度，即：应该停止这一计划，故选C。
【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题4，根据第四段“All the more worrying to me then, this unique landscape is currently at the centre of a projected plan by Highways England, which aims to relieve congestion on the A303 by creating a four-lane road with a 1.8-mile tunnel, and an expressway interchange 1.5 miles to the west.” 更让我担心的是，这一独特的景观目前正处于英格兰高速公路计划的中心位置，该计划旨在通过修建一条四车道的公路和一条1.8英里长的隧道，以及向西1.5英里的高速公路交汇处来缓解A303公路的拥堵。和“in my view, be wrecked by the expressway interchange. Time perhaps for a rethink in the name of future generations?” 在我看来，这将会被高速公路交汇处破坏。也许是时候以子孙后代的名义重新思考了? 由此可知，作者担心英格兰的高速公路计划会破坏这个历史遗迹并对后代有影响，所以应该是不支持的态度。故选C。
D
One of the classic science-fiction treatments of the end of civilization was The Death of Grass, by John Christopher, in which a mysterious sickness struck down all the grasses on which most of the world’s agriculture is based, from rice to wheat. In the end, politics among the survivors of disease, war and famine were reduced to bitter fratricidal struggle over a defensible potato patch. Like most of the so-called “comfortable disaster” novels, this could be criticized for optimism. Depressing as a future of famine and the war of all against all might seem, the consequences were largely limited to humans.
However, the threatened extinction of insect populations around the world raises the prospect of a much less general disaster, which would involve plants, birds, fish, small mammals, and everything else depending on insects. That’s just the start. Other species, and we ourselves, depend on the animals and plants that need insects. When they go, we go. This is not just a greater disaster. It’s a much more reasonable one. The most recent study has concluded that insect biomass is decreasing around the world at a rate of 2.5% a year. At that rate, half the insects in the world will be gone in 50 years’ time, and all of them in a century — though no one will be keeping track of centuries then.
The chief driver of this disaster is unchecked human greed. For all our individual and even collective cleverness, we behave as a species with as little foresight as a colony of nematode worms that will consume everything that it can reach until all is gone and it dies off naturally. The challenge of behaving more intelligently than creatures that have no brain at all will not be easy. But unlike the nematodes, we know what to do. The UN convention on biodiversity was signed in 1992, alongside the convention on climate change. Giving it the strength to hold back our appetites is now urgent. Biodiversity is not an optional extra. It is the web that holds all life, including human life.
The two main expressions of greed that speed this apocalypse are global warming and industrial agriculture. It appears that most of the damage is being done in the developed world by farming practices. The use of giant fields, lacking in shelter for insects of any sort at all, whether they are harmful to human interests or not, and where the plants are drenched in long-lasting pesticides, has been fatal for uncounted billions of insects. The effects of this kind of forming reach beyond the fields immediately affected, too. There has been a huge loss of aquatic insect species from the rivers into which the products of industrial agriculture arc flushed by rain. Even in German nature reserves, which are by definition protected from the use of pesticides, there have been sleep falls in insect populations because so many of the most widely used ones are persistent and prevent breeding.
22. Which of the following statements about The Death of Grass is true?
A. It gives a vivid account of the most serious famine in history.
B. It holds an optimistic attitude towards famine in the future.
C. It understates the severity of the disaster facing the world.
D. It demonstrates how evil human nature turns out to be.
23. In paragraph 2, the writer mentions the most recent study in order to________.
A. prove that the prediction about the great disaster makes sense
B. suggest a possible approach to increasing insect biomass
C. show how soon the insects worldwide will go extinct
D. argue for the necessity to protect insect populations
24. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Humans are similar to nematode in that both of them lack foresight.
B. Modem farming is to blame for the threatened extinction of insects.
C. Germany sets a good example by minimizing the use of pesticides.
D. We haven’t done enough about maintaining biodiversity.
25. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?
A. What we can do to deal with the situation.
B. How industrial agriculture brings about apocalypse.
C. What influence pesticides may have on people’s lives.
D. Why insect populations in Germany are on the decline.
【答案】22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了尽管未来的饥荒和人们之间的战争看起来令人沮丧，但其后果在很大程度上仅限于人类自身。人类的一些做法，使得世界各地的昆虫生物量正在以每年2.5%的速度减少，人类依赖需要昆虫的动植物，这对于人类来说无疑是一场灾难。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Like most of the so-called “comfortable disaster” novels, this could be criticized for optimism.(就像大多数所谓的“舒适的灾难”小说一样，这可能会被批评为乐观主义)”可知，C选项“它低估了世界面临的灾难的严重性”正确。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“However, the threatened extinction of insect populations around the world raises the prospect of a much less general disaster, which would involve plants, birds, fish, small mammals, and everything else depending on insects. That’s just the start. Other species, and we ourselves, depend on the animals and plants that need insects. When they go, we go. This is not just a greater disaster. It’s a much more reasonable one. The most recent study has concluded that insect biomass is decreasing around the world at a rate of 2.5% a year. At that rate, half the insects in the world will be gone in 50 years’ time, and all of them in a century — though no one will be keeping track of centuries then.(然而，世界各地昆虫种群灭绝的威胁增加了一种不那么普遍的灾难的可能性，这种灾难将涉及植物、鸟类、鱼类、小型哺乳动物以及其他一切依赖昆虫的生物。这只是开始。其他物种，包括我们自己，都依赖于需要昆虫的动植物。它们走了，我们也走了。这不仅仅是一场更大的灾难。这是一个更合理的选择。最近的研究得出结论，世界各地的昆虫生物量正在以每年2.5%的速度减少。按照这样的速度，世界上一半的昆虫将在50年内消失，而所有昆虫将在一个世纪内消失——尽管到时没有人会记录几个世纪的情况)”可推知，作者提到了最近的研究，以证明关于大灾难的预测是有道理的。故选A。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The two main expressions of greed that speed this apocalypse are global warming and industrial agriculture.(加速这场灾难的贪婪的两种主要表现形式是全球变暖和工业化农业)”可推知，现代农业是造成昆虫濒临灭绝的原因。故选B。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The two main expressions of greed that speed this apocalypse are global warming and industrial agriculture. It appears that most of the damage is being done in the developed world by farming practices. The use of giant fields, lacking in shelter for insects of any sort at all, whether they are harmful to human interests or not, and where the plants are drenched in long-lasting pesticides, has been fatal for uncounted billions of insects. The effects of this kind of forming reach beyond the fields immediately affected, too. There has been a huge loss of aquatic insect species from the rivers into which the products of industrial agriculture arc flushed by rain. Even in German nature reserves, which are by definition protected from the use of pesticides, there have been sleep falls in insect populations because so many of the most widely used ones are persistent and prevent breeding.(加速这场灾难的贪婪的两种主要表现形式是全球变暖和工业化农业。似乎大部分的损害是由发达国家的耕作方式造成的。巨大的农田，没有任何种类昆虫的庇护所，无论它们是否对人类利益有害，而且植物被长效杀虫剂浸透，对无法计数的数十亿昆虫来说是致命的。这种形成的影响也超出了立即受到影响的领域。由于工业化农业生产的产品被雨水冲入河流，水生昆虫种类大量减少。即使是在德国自然保护区——按照定义，这些自然保护区不受杀虫剂的影响——也曾出现过昆虫睡眠不足的情况，因为许多最广泛使用的杀虫剂是持久性的，会阻止昆虫繁殖)”可推知，作者在最后一段之后可能会讨论我们能做些什么来应对这种情况。故选A。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Poor Sleep and Loneliness: A Vicious Cycle?
The feeling of being lonely is the sense that you have less social contact with others than you want. It is not quite the same as the amount of social contact you have. Some people don’t engage that often with others, but they are perfectly fine with that, and so they don’t feel alone. ____26____ Being lonely is associated with poorer psychological health.
One area of research has focused specifically on the relationship between loneliness and sleep. There are several inter-related questions: Is feeling lonely related to the quality of people’s sleep? What aspects of sleep are related to loneliness? And does loneliness cause sleep problems, or do difficulties with sleeping lead to feelings of loneliness? ___27___
The relationship between loneliness and sleep was explored in a paper by Melanie Hom and Caol Chu in the September 2020 issue of Clinical Psychological Science. They analyzed the data of previous studies relating sleep quality to feelings of loneliness. ____28____ This relationship is stronger for insomnia (失眠症) than for sleep complaints like nightmares. In addition, the more loneliness people express, the less effective they think their sleep is.
Although poor sleep and loneliness are closely related, it is hard to determine whether loneliness causes sleep difficulties or the reverse (相反).
___29___ It is because you can look to see whether sleep difficulties at one time predict later feelings of loneliness or whether loneliness early on predicts later sleep difficulties. Interestingly, sleep problems predicted later loneliness and loneliness predicted later sleep difficulties. However, the connection between earlier sleep difficulties and later loneliness was generally stronger than that between earlier loneliness and later sleep difficulties. This pattern suggests that there may be a vicious cycle, though, in which poor sleep can increase feelings of loneliness, which can in turn increase sleep difficulties.
If you are someone who has trouble sleeping, be aware that poor sleep lowers your resilience (复原力) overall. Among other things, it may make it harder for you to appreciate the social contacts you have. ____30____ That added social engagement just might have a positive impact on your future sleep.
A. Long-term studies that follow the same people over time help.
B. If you have difficulty in social engagement, you may feel lonely.
C. Other people may spend a lot of time with others, but still long for more.
D. These issues are important because poor sleep can affect psychological health.
E. To solve the problem, you should monitor your sleeping quality and physical health.
F. If you have trouble sleeping, try spending more time reaching out to friends and loved ones.
G. The results indicate that the more sleep difficulties people express they have, the lonelier they feel.
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. G 29. A 30. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对失眠和孤独之间的联系进行了研究，并且提出了如何解决此问题的建议。
【详解】1.根据前文“It is not quite the same as the amount of social contact you have. ”（这和你拥有的社会联系的数量是不一样的。）可知，下文应分别陈述不同的人对社交量的需求。根据前文“Some people don’t engage that often with others, but they are perfectly fine with that, and so they don’t feel alone.”（有些人并不经常与他人交往，但他们对此完全没有问题，所以他们并不感到孤独。）可推知，设空处应陈述与之相反的情况。选项C（有些人可能花很多时间与他人在一起，但仍然渴望更多）切合文意，选项中的other people对应上文的some people。故选C。
2.根据第二段第一句“One area of research has focused specifically on the relationship between loneliness and sleep”（其中一个研究领域专门关注孤独和睡眠之间的关系）可知，第二段主要是讲孤独和睡眠的关系，对应选项C中的poor sleep can affect psychological health。所以选项C（这些问题很重要，因为睡眠不好会影响心理健康。）切合文意，且选项中的These issues对应前文中提到的三个问题。故选D。
3.根据前文“They analyzed the data of previous studies relating sleep quality to feelings of loneliness. ”（他们分析了之前有关睡眠质量与孤独感的研究数据。）可推知，设空处应陈述他们分析数据得出的结果，所以选项G（研究结果表明，人们表现出的睡眠问题越多，他们就会感到越孤独。）切合文意，选项中的The results对应上文的analyzed。故选G。
4.后文“ It is because you can look to see whether sleep difficulties at one time predict later feelings of loneliness or whether loneliness early on predicts later sleep difficulties. ”（这是因为你可以看一段时间的睡眠困难是否预示着以后的孤独感，或者早期的孤独是否预示着以后的睡眠困难。）表明这是长期的对相同的人的研究，所以选项A（长期跟踪同一批人的研究会有所帮助。）切合文意。故选A。
5.根据前文“If you are someone who has trouble sleeping, be aware that poor sleep lowers your resilience (复原力) overall. Among other things, it may make it harder for you to appreciate the social contacts you have.”（如果你有睡眠问题，要注意睡眠会降低你的复原力。此外，它会让你很难享受你所拥有的社会联系）和下文“ That added social engagement just might have a positive impact on your future sleep.”（增加社交活动可能会对你未来的睡眠产生积极影响。）可推知，设空处应陈述解决这种问题的方法。所以选项F（如果你有睡眠问题，试着花更多的时间联系朋友和爱人。）切合文意，下文的that对应选项中的try spending more time reaching out to friends and loved ones.。故选F。
第三节 阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题.
When Veronika Scott was a student at the College for Creative Studies in Detroit. Michigan, she received a task to “design to fill a need.”She dreamed up an idea for overcoats that would double as sleeping bags, made 25 of them, and handed them out to people living in shelters on an abandoned city playground. While her efforts were greeted mostly with enthusiasm from those braving Detroit's cold winters, one woman voiced dissatisfaction. “We don't need coats; we need jobs.” she told Veronika. Then she had her second inspiration.
After graduating from college in 2012, Veronika founded the Empowerment Plan, a nonprofit organization. She hired two homeless women to sew the coats and paid them with donations she received through her blog. Now, the Empowerment Plan employs about 20 people and has produced more than 10,000 coats and distributed them in 30 states, Canada, and elsewhere abroad.
“We don't require previous employment,” Veronika says. “We’re looking for people who are motivated." The Empowerment Plan provides free classes and lends money to those who qualify. Nearly all the employees eventually move into permanent housing, and some get jobs in the auto industry and construction.
Veronika has bettered the coat's design by making its outer layer of a lightweight material that resists air, wind, and water and its inner layer of a material that stores body heat. Still, Veronika is less focused on the coats than on the workers who make them. “At the end of the day,” she says, “the coat is a vehicle for us to employ people.”
31. What did Veronika Scott do to finish her task from her studies? (no more than 15 words)
32. Where did Veronika Scott get her second inspiration?(no more than 10 words)
33. What is Veronika’s purpose of founding Empowerment Plan? (no more than 10 words)
34. What does the underlined word mean in the Paragraph?(no more than 1 words)
35. What do you think of Veronika? Why? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】31. She designed and made overcoats and gave them away to homeless people.
Or: She made overcoats and handed them out to the homeless.
32. From the woman who voiced her dissatisfaction.
Or: From the woman who was dissatisfied with what she did
33. To enable homeless people to help themselves.
Or: To help homeless people make a living on their own
34. Way.
Or. Method.
35. She is caring and creative, because she has come up with several ideas to help the poor.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Veronika Sott 通过给流浪者设计睡袋，并通过the Empowerment Plan（赋权计划）给无家可归的人提供工作机会，进而帮助他们改变现状的故事。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。从第一段的句子She dreamed up an idea for overcoats that would double as sleeping bags, made 25 of them, and handed them out to people living in shelters on an abandoned city playground. 可知，她想出了一个主意，可以兼做睡袋的大衣，她做了25件，并分发给住在城市废弃操场上避难所的人们。结合字数限制，故答案是She designed and made overcoats and gave them away to homeless people. Or: She made overcoats and handed them out to the homeless.
【32题详解】
推理判断题。从第一段的句子…one woman voiced dissatisfaction. “We don't need coats; we need jobs.” she told Veronika. Then she had her second inspiration. …一位女性表达了不满。她对Veronika说：“我们不需要大衣，我们需要工作。” 于是Veronika就有了第二灵感。又从第二段的句子：After graduating from college in 2012, Veronika founded the Empowerment Plan, a nonprofit organization. 2012年大学毕业后，Veronika创立了非盈利组织“赋权计划”。推理可知，Veronika的第二个灵感是因为那位女性的表达的不满言语得来的，结合字数限制，故答案是From the woman who voiced her dissatisfaction. Or: From the woman who was dissatisfied with what she did
【33题详解】
推理判断题。从第二段句子She hired two homeless women to sew the coats and paid them with donations she received through her blog. 她雇佣了两名无家可归的妇女来缝制这些外套，并用她通过博客收到的捐款来支付她们的工资。又从第三段句子Nearly all the employees eventually move into permanent housing, and some get jobs in the auto industry and construction. 几乎所有的雇员最终都搬进了永久性住房，有些人也在汽车行业和建筑业找到了工作。由此可推之，创办Empowerment Plan的目的就是为了给无家可归的人提供帮助，给他们工作机会，自己谋生。结合字数限制，故答案是To enable homeless people to help themselves. Or: To help homeless people make a living on their own
【34题详解】
词义猜测题。从第四句Veronika is less focused on the coats than on the workers who make them. “At the end of the day,” she says, “the coat is a vehicle for us to employ people.” 不过，比起外套，Veronika更关注生产这些外套的工人。“说到底，”她说，“这件外套是我们雇佣员工的工具。”可推知，Veronika更关注的是生产工人，而不是外套本身，因此外套只是雇佣员工的一个方法而已。结合字数限制，故答案是Way. Or. Method.
【35题详解】
推理判断题。从第一段句子Then she had her second inspiration.可知，然后她就有了第二个灵感。由此可推知，她能从身边的事情中获取灵感，证明了她具有创造力。又从第三段句子The Empowerment Plan provides free classes and lends money to those who qualify. 授权计划提供免费课程，并借钱给那些有资格的人。可推知，她创办的非营利组织非常具有关怀性。结合字数限制，故答案是She is caring and creative, because she has come up with several ideas to help the poor.
【点睛】阅读表达题测试目的是从多方位多角度考查阅读获取信息、处理信息并进行书面表达的能力。比传统的阅读理解题型更具有综合性和主观性，更能体现学生的综合语言运用能力。在回答问题前，要认真审题，判断问题的类型，弄清题目目的要求；回答要有针对性，避免答非所问；同时还要注意问题后的字数要求，回答要简洁，语言表达准确。
第四部分 课内基础(共四节，共40分)
第一节 单词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
请根据下列首字母或中文提示，用单词的正确形式填空。每空限一词。
36. He left England with the i________ (打算，计划) of travelling in Africa. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】intention##ntention
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他离开英国打算去非洲旅行。由首字母提示i可知，“打算，计划”是intention，由“of travelling in Africa”可知，此处是一个打算，因此空格处用单数，故填intention。
37. Across the world,1.1 billion people have no ______ (接触的机会）to clean drinking water. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】access
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：全世界有11亿人喝不到干净的饮用水。“接触的机会”是access，have no access to是固定短语，意为“无从获得”，故填access。
38. Tonight we will honor the school’s most o________(杰出的) students. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】outstanding##utstanding
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今晚我们将表彰学校最优秀的学生。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填形容词outstanding，作定语。故填outstanding。
39. His sense of humour is one of his appealing ________(品质). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
【答案】traits/characters/qualities/personalities
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的幽默感是他吸引人的品质之一。根据汉语意思可知，“品质”应用名词trait/character/ quality/personality，由one of可知，此处应用复数，故填traits/characters/qualities/personalities。
40. She received awards for her a________ (学术的) achievements. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】academic##cademic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她因学术成就而获奖。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“学术的”可知，空格处应用“academic”，意为“学术的”，形容词词性，在句中作定语。故填academic。
41. If you’re feeling d________ (精神无法集中的), take a break.（根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】distracted##istracted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你感到精神无法集中，休息一下。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处为形容词distracted，作表语。故填distracted。
42. She had a d________(要求严格的，费力的) schedule with little free time. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】demanding##emanding
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她的日程排得很紧，几乎没有空闲时间。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填形容词demanding，作定语。故填demanding。
43. The book r________ (提出，提起) many important questions. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】raises##aises
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：这本书提出了许多重要的问题。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词raise，作谓语，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为book，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填raises。
44. It’s not r________(现实的，实际的) to expect people to spend that much money on wedding gifts. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】realistic##ealistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：期待人们在结婚礼物上花费太多是不现实的。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词realistic，作表语。故填realistic。
45. The equipment is checked on a r________ (定期的，有规律的) basis. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】regular##egular
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：设备定期进行检查。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“定期的，有规律的”可知，空格处应用“regular”，意为“定期的，有规律的”，形容词词性，在句中作定语。故填regular。
第二节 课文填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
46. I know that I wasn’t a willing student, but I wasn’t slow to learn new things. The problem was that I ________in myself. Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my ________.（根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. lacked confidence ②. own strengths
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：我知道我不是个好学的学生，但我学新东西并不慢。问题是我对自己缺乏信心。詹金斯先生让我觉得我有自己的长处。第一空根据句意“缺乏信心”可知短语为lack confidence，结合上文was可知为一般过去时；第二空表示“自己的长处”应用own strengths。故填①lacked confidence；②own strengths。
47. Social networking dominates my life in so many ways. Sometimes I ________for myself: I will start doing my homework at 8 pm and aim to finish in two hours. At 7:50 pm, I’m still ________ my friends’ silly posts and photos. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. set deadlines ②. scrolling through
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：社交网络在很多方面主宰了我的生活。有时我会给自己设定最后期限：晚上8点开始做作业，目标是在两小时内完成。晚上7点50分，我还在翻看朋友们的无聊帖子和照片。根据句意可知，第一空使用动词短语set deadlines“设定截止日期”，根据时间状语Sometimes可知，句子陈述习惯性动作，应用一般现在时；第二空使用动词短语scroll through“滚动浏览”，根据At 7:50 pm, I’m still可知，句子陈述正在发生的动作，应用现在进行时。故填①set deadlines；②scrolling through。
48. Most people believe when they are ________and earning enough money, they will have ________. However, most people never feel they have earned enough. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. living comfortably ②. no worries
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：大多数人认为，当他们生活舒适，赚了足够的钱，他们就没有烦恼。然而，大多数人都觉得自己挣得不够多。第一空根据句意可知为短语live comfortably，结合are可知为现在进行时；第二空根据句意可知为短语no worries。故填①living comfortably；②no worries。
49. Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we’re willing to do that extra little bit that might take us to the top. It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is ________.（根据课文内容填空）
【答案】striving for greatness
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：做我们作为运动员所做的事情使我们与众不同，因为我们愿意做额外的事情，这可能会让我们达到顶峰。这当然不是一种平衡的生活方式，当然也不正常，但这些话通常不会用于那些追求伟大的人。根据句意表示“追求伟大”可知短语为strive for greatness，结合is可知为现在进行时。故填striving for greatness。
50. Can a sixth extinction be avoided? Experts say that it is not yet too late, if we take action now. This would mean we have to ________the way we live. For example, we need to take steps to ________, including setting up special areas where plants and animals can be protected. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】 ①. significantly change ②. save endangered species
【解析】
【详解】①考查非谓语动词和副词。句意：这将意味着我们必须对我们的生活方式作出重大改变。该空格处意味“作出重大改变”，根据空格前的have to，其后跟动词原形，动词change意为“改变”，其后跟定语从句；副词significantly意为“意义深远地；重大地”，修饰动词change，故填significantly change。
②考查目的状语和固定搭配。句意：比如，我们需要采取措施拯救濒危物种，包括设立保护动植物的特别区域。该空处句意为“拯救濒危物种”。根据该空前的to，其后跟动词原形，作目的状语，动词save意为“拯救”，其后跟名词搭配endangered species作宾语，意为“濒危物种”，故填save endangered species。
51. We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. There is. If your street is full of ________, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don’t just sit around and complain. （根据课文内容填空）
【答案】heavy traffic
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们常常认为对于交通的噪音、污染和危险我们无能为力。确实存在。如果你住的街道交通拥挤，就和你的邻居谈谈。给报纸写信。去找市政府。要求限速。做任何适合你的事情。不要只是坐在那里抱怨。根据句意“交通拥挤”可知短语为heavy traffic。故填heavy traffic。
第三节 短语填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
用方框中短语的适当形式填空。有一个短语是多余的。
sum up used to set out in contrast to take up do one’s part
be to blame drop out wipe out boil down to for the first time

52. We hope to make the garden as beautiful as it ________be.
53. I’ll never forget hearing this piece of music________.
54. They________to discover a cure for cancer.
55. I’m sorry to________your time, but I really need your help.
56. Last year, the number of students who________of school reduced by 20% compared to the number of the year before.
57. The whole village________by the floods and many people lost their lives.
58. According to the investigation, the bus driver________for the accident.
59. To________, our efforts will contribute to the improvement of the environment.
60. ________his wife, Bush has little appetite for foreign travel.
61. I’m glad to________for the environmental protection.
【答案】52. used to
53. for the first time
54. set out
55. take up
56. dropped out
57. was wiped out
58. is to blame##was to blame
59. sum up 60. In contrast to
61. do my part
【解析】
【52题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我们希望使花园像以前一样美丽。根据语境分析，可知此处表达“过去常常”，used to后接动词原形，符合题意。故填used to。
【53题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首曲子。根据语境分析，此处表达“第一次”，作时间状语，用介词短语for the first time。故填for the first time。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：他们着手发现癌症的治疗方法。根据句子结构分析，此处作谓语动词，结合句意，此处表达“着手做某事”，set out to do sth.符合题意。故填set out。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：很抱歉占用了你的时间，但我真的需要你的帮助。分析句子结构，此句to为不定式符号，后接动词原形，结合句意，此处表达“占据”，take up符合题意。故填take up。
【56题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：去年，与前一年相比，辍学学生人数减少了20%。分析句子结构可知，关系代词who引导定语从句，结合句意，此处表达“辍学”，作从句谓语动词，结合时间状语Last year可知，动词时态为一般过去时。故填dropped out。
【57题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：整个村庄被洪水冲毁，许多人丧生。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合后句动词lost可知，动词用一般过去时态，和主语The whole village构成被动语态，用被动语态。结合句意，此处表达“冲毁”，was wiped out符合题意。故填was wiped out。
【58题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：根据调查，公共汽车司机应对事故负责。根据句意，此处表达“对事故负责”，结合句子结构，be to blame被责备，主动表被动含义，分析语境，此处动词短语用一般现在时或一般过去时均可，主语单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is/was to blame。
【59题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：总之，我们的努力将有助于改善环境。根据句意，此处表达“总之”，to sum up符合题意。故填sum up。
【60题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：与他的妻子相比，布什对外国旅行几乎没有兴趣。根据句意，可知此处表达“与……相比较”，in contrast to符合题意。故填In contrast to。
【61题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：我很高兴为环境保护尽自己一份力量。根据句意，此处表达“尽自己的一份力量”，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，do my part符合题意。故填do my part。
第四节 语法填空，每空仅限一词(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
62. The police arrested the man who________(break) into a jewellery shop. （所给词适当形式填空）
【答案】had broken
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：警察逮捕了那个闯入珠宝店的人。从句表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had broken。
63. They are the people________house caught fire. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们就是房子着火的人。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，从句缺少定语，故用whose引导。故填whose。
64. The river is seriously polluted, ________has caused much public attention. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这条河污染严重，已经引起了公众的广泛关注。指代前面一件事，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。根据句意，故填which。
65. Fortunately, we had a map, without ________ we would have got lost. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：幸运的是，我们有一张地图，如果没有地图，我们就迷路了。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“map”，指物，在从句中作介词“without”的宾语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。
66. The building, ________ an important conference is being held, is in the center of the city. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：这座正在举行重要会议的大楼位于市中心。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The building，关系词在从句中地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
67. In my opinion, ________ matters is whether we can win together as a team instead of individuals. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在我看来，重要的是我们是否可以作为一个团队而不是个人赢得胜利。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个由what引导的主语从句，what在主语从句中作主语。故填what。
68. Nobody enjoys________(criticize) in the presence of others. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】being criticized
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没人喜欢被人当着别人的面批评。Enjoy doing为固定短语，意为“喜欢做某事”，且提示词与其逻辑主语Nobody之间为被动关系，应用being done形式，意为“没人喜欢被批评”，故填being criticized。
69. ________(make) this cake, you'll need 2 eggs, 175g sugar and 175g flour. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】To make
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：为了做这个蛋糕，你需要两个鸡蛋，175克糖和175克面粉。分析句意可知，需要用非谓语中的动词不定式表目的。故填To make。
70. You have to feed________cat when I’m away. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：我不在的时候你得喂猫。此处cat为特指应用定冠词。故填the。
71. There is ________ “m” in the word “melancholy”. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】an
【解析】
【详解】考查冠词。句意：“melancholy”一词中有一个“m”。分析句子可知，句中泛指“melancholy” 一词中有一个字母“m”，故空格处应用不定冠词，表泛指，“m”音标的第一个音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。
第五部分 书面表达(共15分)
72. 假定你是李华，你们年级将举办主题为“环境保护”的英语展示活动，请给你校的外教Mr. Forbes 写一封邮件，代表学生会邀请他参加此次活动并担任评委，内容包括：
1.活动细节（如： 时间， 地点，目的）；
2.评委职责。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：做展示 give presentations
Dear Mr. Forbes,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Forbes,
As you may know, an event, where students in our grade will give presentations on the theme of “Environmental Conservation”, is scheduled for 4 p.m. next Monday in the auditorium. I am writing on behalf of the Student Union to invite you to attend and to be the judge.
Here is some detailed information. The event aims to raise students’ awareness of environmental protection and kindle their passion for doing research in English. There will be 12 groups of speakers, each representing a class in our grade. As the judge, you are expected to develop evaluation standards, score their presentations, and give comments on their performance.
If you have any questions, I will be glad to discuss them with you in person.
Thank you for your time and consideration. We are looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你们年级将举办主题为“环境保护”的英语展示活动，请给你校的外教Mr. Forbes 写一封邮件，代表学生会邀请他参加此次活动并担任评委。
【详解】1.词汇积累
代表：on behalf of→in the person of
提高：raise→promote
高兴的：glad→happy
亲自：in person→personally
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：There will be 12 groups of speakers, each representing a class in our grade.
拓展句：There will be 12 groups of speakers, each of which represents a class in our grade.
【点睛】[高分句型1] There will be 12 groups of speakers, each representing a class in our grade. (运用了独立主格结构)
[高分句型2] If you have any questions, I will be glad to discuss them with you in person. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BBACC 6-10 BABCA 11-15 CBAAC 16.thousands 17.area 18. May 19. spring 20. different