2023 英语新中考二轮复习热点透析 核心考点02 情态动词
展开核心考点02 情态动词
一、考向分析
综观历年中考英语情态动词的考查情况,有相当一部分考题从本质上看都是在考查情态动词在具体语境中的运用,根据对情态动词部分在全国各地中考试题的分析可知,今后该部分将是重点考查之一。其考查重点为:
1. 情态动词在一般疑问句中的问与答
2. 情态动词表示猜测的用法
3. will与shall的用法
4. dare 与need的用法
二、考点详解
情态动词的用法
情态动词 | 用法 | 例句 | |||
can/could | 表示能力,意为"能,会" | Can you swim? 你能游泳吗? | |||
表示许可时,意为"可以,能够",相当于may | Could I use your pen? 我可以用你的钢笔吗? | ||||
用于推测,表示可能性,意为"可能",could比can更加不肯定,多用于否定或疑问句 | The shy boy can’t be our monitor. (对现在情况的否定推测) 那个腼腆的男孩不可能是我们的班长。 | ||||
【知识拓展】 1. can的一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes, ...can;否定回答用No, ...can’t。 2. can,could和be able to的区别:can只有现在式和过去式,而be able to可以用于各种时态;can( could)表示能力时,可用be able to代替。 | |||||
may/might | 表示允许或许可,意为"可以" | —May/Might I go now? 我可以现在去吗? | |||
表示征询许可时,might比may的语气委婉 | He may/might be sick. 他可能是病了。 —Yes, you may. 是的,你可以。 | ||||
用于表推测时,是"可能,或许"之意,might语气更加不肯定,多用于肯定句 | He may be wrong, but I’m not sure. 也许他错了,但我也不确定。 That woman goes into the classroom. She may/might be our teacher. 那个妇女进了教室,她可能是我们的老师。
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【知识拓展】 1. may的一般疑问句,肯定回答用Yes, ...may. /Yes, of course. /Yes, certainly.;否定回答用No, ...can’t/mustn’t。 2. 用于表示推测时,may和might一般不用于疑问句,而在疑问句中,常使用can;在否定句中,maynot/might not意为"可能不",而can’t/couldn’t意为"不可能"。
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must | 表示必须,一定要,指说话人的主观语气 | The work must be finished as soon as possible. 工作必须尽可能快得完成。 | |||
mustn’t表示禁止,意为"千万不要,禁止",是说话人强有力的劝告 | You mustn’t play with the knife or you may hurt yourself. 你禁止玩刀否则你可能会伤到自己。 | ||||
表示推测时,用于肯定句,意为"想必,一定",否定句中用can’t/couldn’t来代替 | You must be hungry after such a long walk. (对现在的肯定推测) 漫长的步行后,你一定是饿了。 He must be eighty now. 他现在想必有八十岁了。 | ||||
【知识拓展】 1. must的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, ...must.;否定回答为No, ...needn’t./No, ...don’t have to. 2. must和have to的区别: ①用must表示"必须"的意思时,通常着重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要去做某事;而have to着重于客观需要,含有"不得不"的意思。 ②用must表示"必须",只有现在时态的形式,如果要表示过去时或将来时的"必须",就要用have to的相应形式。
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would
| 作为will的过去式,可表示过去的意志、愿望或决心等,意为"愿意" | He promised he would never smoke again. 他承诺他再也不吸烟了。 | |||
表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向 | Their English teacher would tell them stories in English after class. 他们的英语老师总是在课后用英语给他们讲故事。 | ||||
用于第二人称疑问句中,表示现在的请求、建议,比will的语气委婉 | Would you please pass the English-Chinese dictionary on to Mary? 请把这本英汉词典传给玛丽好吗? | ||||
should
| shall的过去式,用于第一、三人称,多用于间接引语中,以征求对方意见 | I asked the manager if I should have a few days off. 我问经理我是否可以请几天假。 | |||
表示义务,职责时,意为"应当,应该",往往表示说话者的观点 |
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表示惊讶、遗憾等,意为"竟然,居然" |
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shall | 用于第一、三人称疑问句,表示征求对方意见 | Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗?’ T | |||
用于第二、三人称陈述句时,表示命令、警告、允诺或威胁等 | Yon shall fail if you don’’t work hard. 如果你不努力工作,你就会失败。 | ||||
will
| 表示意志、愿望和决心,常译为"愿意" | If you will help us, we shall be very grateful. 如果你愿意帮助我们,我们将不胜感激。 | |||
用于第二人称疑问句,表示请求或建议等 | Will you have dinner with me tonight? 今天晚上和我一起吃饭好吗? | ||||
表示习惯性动作或某种倾向,多用于现在时,常译为"总是" | Kate will sit there, waiting for her daughter to come back. 凯特总是坐在那儿等女儿回来。 | ||||
need | 表示"需要,必须",多用于疑问句和否定句 | Need you go so soon? 你需要这么早走吗? You needn’t come so early. 你不必来这么早。 | |||
have to | 表示不得不,说明客观条件只能如此;有时态形式的变化;否定式don’t have to意为"不必"(=needn’t) | My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the midnight. 我弟弟病得厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。
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三、真题再现
一、单项选择
1.(2021·贵州黔西·中考真题)If farmers ________ start planting rice in salty water, China’s food supply will surely rise.
A.can’t B.can C.mustn’t D.must
2.(2021·四川资阳·中考真题)—Lucy, could you give me some suggestions on reading?
—OK. My first suggestion is that you ________ have a good reading habit.
A.will B.can C.might D.should
3.(2021·四川雅安·中考真题)________ you hear someone crying? Let’s go and see what’s happening.
A.May B.Need C.Can D.Must
4.(2021·山东青岛·中考真题)—I’m sorry I ________ not get there on time. The traffic is heavy now.
—That’s OK. Take your time.
A.must B.may C.need D.should
5.(2021·江苏徐州·中考真题)________ you raise your feet off the floor? I’d like to see if my pen is under the desk.
A.Must B.Can C.Should D.May
6.(2021·江苏镇江·中考真题)The sign “No Littering” shows that we ________ throw rubbish in the park.
A.needn’t B.won’t C.mustn’t D.may not
7.(2021·西藏·中考真题)—Have you seen my school ID card, mum? I can’t find it.
—Oh, it ________ be in your bookcase. I saw you put it there last night.
A.can’t B.would C.mustn’t D.must
8.(2021·江苏淮安·中考真题)—Kevin, it’s Friday. You ________ get up early tomorrow morning.
—Great! I’m so tired these days.
A.must B.musn’t C.may D.needn’t
9.(2021·上海·中考真题)—________ I have two tickets for the Chinese Farmers’ Painting Exhibition?
—Sorry. The tickets are sold out.
A.Must B.Need C.Should D.May
10.(2021·吉林长春·中考真题)Bill is running so fast! I _________ believe my eyes.
A.needn’t B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t D.can’t
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
11.(2021·西藏·中考真题)Many people believe that teenagers should ________(allow)to make their own decisions in some ways.
12.(2021·广西百色·中考真题)We must ________ (deal) with the rubbish correctly so that we can reuse it better.
13.(2021·江苏南京·中考真题)You must ________ (go) to the doctor because your temperature is higher than usual.
三、完成句子
14.(2021·江苏淮安·中考真题)我们最好不要对盲盒着迷,否则我们会不停地买。
We had better not __________ blind boxes, or we _________ them.
15.(2021·江苏淮安·中考真题)如果你在森林里迷路,你可以沿着河流找到出路。
If you _____________ in the forest, you can __________ along the river.
16.(2021·辽宁鞍山·中考真题)海伦这会儿不在。要我捎个口信吗?
Helen is not here at the moment. Can I ________?
17.(2021·辽宁大连·中考真题)我们居住在同一个星球上,我们要共同爱护它。
We are living on the same planet. _________________________
18.(2021·湖北恩施·中考真题)你认为主播会给我们提供更廉价的商品吗?(provide)
Do you think the livestreaming host can ____________ cheaper goods?
四、根据汉语提示填空
19.(2021·山东济宁·中考真题)No one can ________(成功)without hard work.
20.(2021·西藏·中考真题)Parents shouldn’t always ________ their children ________(比较) others.
五、完形填空
(2021 安徽)
When I was young, I was interested in Chinese movies that I wanted to know more about Chinese culture like Kungfu and Xiqu. I often ___21___ to go to China one day.
Luckily, when I was learning theater at university, I was provided with a chance to study __22___. There was a programme study Asian theater arts either in China or in India. I ___23___ to go to China and learn Beijing Opera in a Chinese theater school. The school offered me a place to practice. It was good ___24___ I could practice whenever I wanted. Also I had ___25___ lessons-the teacher would give me one-to-one class for three hour. That was the best part of my study in China. I do appreciate (感激) this chance to ___26___ the beautiful art!
I got a lot from my study in China. It has greatly ___27___ me and helped me develop into a more skillful __28___. This Chinese art gives me plenty of __29___ , so I can use them when I perform (表演) other shows in Europe. I have __30___ an art center to teach Beijing Opera. Now there are more fans of Beijing Opera in my country.
21. A. chose B. managed C. forgot D. dreamed
22. A. here B. inside C. abroad D. online
23. A. failed B. decided C. regretted D. continued
24. A. until B. though C. unless D. because
25. A. easy B. private C. boring D. social
26. A. learn B. expect C. test D. celebrate
27. A. influenced B. troubled C. guarded D. controlled
28. A. writer B. doctor C. actor D. pilot
29. A. orders B. clothes C. tools D. poems
30. A. kept off B. broken into C. pointed out D. set up
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