备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练（广东专用）突破 16 主谓一致

这是一份备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练（广东专用）突破 16 主谓一致，文件包含备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练广东专用突破16主谓一致解析版docx、备战2023英语新中考二轮复习考点精讲精练广东专用突破16主谓一致原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共11页， 欢迎下载使用。
 一、考点总结单数：动名词,动词不定式，单数概念做主语              语法一致原则    复数：and/ both...and/复数概念做主语                            取决于主语：with/expect(就远原则)，分数/百分数+名词                             单数：1.时间、重量、长度等做主语­s结尾的名词如physics, maths, news等作主语时主语一致      意义一致原则   复数：1.trousers, glasses, clothes等作主语“the ＋ 形容词”表示“一类人”做主语                                                           集体名词作主语                              either...or就近原则        neither...nor，              not only...but also                              there be/here be 考点一、主谓一致规则情       况举       例语   法   一   致   原    则以单数名词或代词动词不定式短语，动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。His father is working on the farm.        To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.   What he said is very important for us all. 由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。what I bought were three English books.   What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。.Lucy and Lily are twinsThe writer and artist has come.Every student and every teach is in the classroom.Many a boy and many a girl likes it.No boy and no girl likes it.Each of us has a new book.       Is everyone here today?Somebody is speaking in class.    Everything around us is matter若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。None of the sugar was left.    None of us has (have) been to America.在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.He is one of my friends who are working hard.He is the (only) one of my friends who is working hard.在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致It is I who am going to the cinema tonight.It is we who are going to the cinema tonight.如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数形式； 如果它指的集体的成员，其谓语动词用复数形式The police are looking for the lost child.   The cattle are eating grass in the field.His family has moved to the south .(他的一家) His family are watching TV.（他的家人）Class four is on the third floor.（四班） Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.（四班的学生）由a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/ heaps of/ the rest of/the majority of+名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。There are a lot of people in the classroom.     Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.50 percent of the students in our class are girls.此外，还有a number of +复数名词有类似的用法（用复数），但the number of +复数名词的数就得依number 而定（用单数）。A number of students have gone to the farm to help the farmer pick apples.The number of pages in this book is three hundred.在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致There comes the bus.            On the wall are many pictures.Such is the result.               Such are the facts.Between the two hills stands a monument.逻 辑 意 义 一 致 原 则What, who, which, any, more, all 等代词可以是单数，也可是复数， 主要靠意思来决定。Which is your bag?              Which are your bags?Are any of you good at English?    Has any of you got a pen?All can be done has been done.     All is going well. All have been taken out.          All have gone to Beijing.表示时间重量长度价值等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。Thirty minutes is enough for the work..Twenty pounds is too dear.如强调这类词的复数意义，则谓语动词要用复数形式Forty kilos of water are used every day.若英语是书名名格言剧名报名国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。The United States is smaller than China.“The Arabian Nights” is an interesting story-book.表数量的短语“one and a half”后面接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。One and a half apples is left on the table.一些学科名词是以-ics结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works 等。都属于形式上是复数的名词， 实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。The paper works was built in 1990.这家造纸厂建于1990年。I don’t think physics is easy to study.trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, scissors (剪刀)等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a(the) pair of 等量词修饰时（clothes被a suit of 修饰）谓语动词用单数。My glasses are broken.The pair of shoes under the bed is his. “定冠词the+形容词或分词”，表示某一类人动词用复数；若表示某一类东西时，动词用单数。The old are taken good care of there.The beautiful gives pleasure to all.就近/远一致原则当两个主语由either or, neither nor, not only but also ,whether or 连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致,即就近一致。Either the teacher or the students are our friends.  Neither he nor they are wholly right.Neither they nor he is wholly right.   Is neither he nor they wholly right?there be 句型中be 动词的单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and  连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致，即就近一致。There are two chairs and a desk in the room.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.主语后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, besides, along with, including, in addition to 等引起的短语， 谓语动词要跟主语一致，即就远一致。Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.A woman with a baby was on the bus.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.She, like you and Tom, is very tall.The girls as well as the boy have learned to speak Japanese.No one except my teachers knows anything about it.二、考点突破一．单项选择(　　)1﹣Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _______ fond of the TV program A Bite of China．﹣I am also deeply moved by its stories．A．is B．am C．was D．are解析：句子意思：﹣李磊和韩梅梅都喜欢电视节目《舌尖上的中国》．﹣我也深深地被它的故事所感动．根据句中关键词fond可知，此空是考查固定短语be fond of，意为喜欢；主语是Li Lei and Han Meimei，复数，系动词用are，故选D．(　　)2．Robert with his two kids ________ to the beach for vacation every year．A．go B．went C．are going D．goes解析：句子意思：罗伯特和他的两个孩子每年去海滩度假．根据时间状语every year确定谓语动词是经常性习惯性的动作，所以用一般现在时，一般现在时的构成是：主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数形式；另外，主语后有with构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语保持一致，本句的主语Robert是第三人称单数，所以动词go用第三人称单数形式goes；故选D．(　　)3．﹣Do you need more time to complete the task？﹣Yes．Another ten days____ enough．A．is B．was C．are D．were解析：句子意思：﹣你需要更多的时间来完成这个任务吗？﹣是的．再有十天就够了． 考查数词作主语的情况，不管数字的大与小，谓语动词都要用单数形式，如：10 斤；20 亩，10个人等等作主语的时候谓语动词要用单数形式．又因为本题目是一般现在时态，故选A．(　　)4．﹣David， there _____ a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away．﹣OK. Mum. I'll do it right away．A．is B．are C．has D．have解析：句子意思：﹣﹣David，你书桌上有一本字典和一本书．请把它们收起来．﹣﹣好的，妈妈．我马上收起来．根据句意和文中的there可知此处需要"有"，即there be这一固定搭配．（注意have/has指拥有，主语通常是物主）又知there be句型有就近原则，又知道a dictionary"一本字典"是单数形式，所以应该使用is.故选：A。(　　)5．______ there any living things on other planets？I have no ideas．Maybe we can know more about that in the future．A．Is B．Are C．Has D．Have解析：句子意思：﹣在其它的星球上有什么生物？﹣﹣我不知道．也许在将来我们能知道更多关于那个的事情．根据there any living things on other planets，可知本题考查的是there be结构，它表示"某地有某物"，如果句子里有若干个名词作主语，动词be常与后面主语中的第一个名词在数上一致致．再根据any living things，可知此处是可数名词复数形式，应该用系动词are．故选B．二、语法选择（主谓一致专练）I had an unforgettable experience last summer.My father took me and my brother on a cross-country train tour.We1.     very excited on the first day.But soon,interest disappeared.On the second day,my brother cried,"We're bored!"My dad replied,"I have a good idea.Let us play a game that I used to play when I 2.     a boy.The game 3.     called Rock,Paper,Scissors.I am good at playing this game.The rule is simple."Then,he showed us how to play the game."The most important thing 4.     that all the hands have to come out at the same time."We were all interested in the game.There5.    another five people nearby.We played it happily with them.I won twice and my brother won more.What a wonderful day！(     )1.A.were    B.was      C.are     D.is(     )2.A.am     B.was       C.is     D.are(     )3.A.was     B.are      C.were   D.is(     )4.A.is      B.are       C.was    D.were  (     )5.A.are     B.were     C.was    D.is解析：主要讲述了作者一家人的一次火车之旅，起初，作者和弟弟觉得很兴奋，可第二天开始感到乏味。于是，父亲介绍了一个游戏：石头、剪刀、布虽然游戏简单，但是他们觉得很有趣。1.A 句子意思：第一天，我们都非常兴奋。时间是last summer，用一般过去时，主语是we, 谓语动词用were.2.B 句子意思：让我们来玩一个我小时候常玩的游戏吧。 used to do表示过去做某事，时态用过去时，主语是I， 谓语动词用was.                     3.D 句子意思：这个游戏叫做石头、纸、剪刀。描述游戏的名字，用一般现在时，The game做主语，谓语用单数is.4. A 句子意思：最重要的是，所有的手都必须同时拿出来。描述游戏规则，用一般现在时，The most important thing 做主语，谓语用单数is.5.B 句子意思：There were another five people nearby.根据下一句的语境，谓语played是一般过去时，There be 结果遵循就近一致原则，five people是复数，用were.三、语法选择（主谓一致专练）After nearly five years of construction（建设），the Beijing Daxing International Airport1.     on Sept.25,2019.Five years 2.     really not a long time for building such a big airport. Seated in the south of Beijing, it is the world's largest transportation hub（枢纽）.The Guardian listed it as one of the"seven wonders of the modern world".Gardens There 3 .     five gardens at the end of five boarding（登机） gates.At the end of the northern boarding gate 4.      the Chinese garden. There are Chinese-style buildings in it. People can hang out in the garden while waiting for their flights. Flight terminalThe airport is very large. It has the world's largest flight terminal（航站楼）in a single building.The building5.     an area of 700,000 square meters—the size of 98 soccer fields. The number of passengers here each year more than 100 million. The terminal looks like a 6.     starfish. The distance between the central area and the eight farthest boarding gate 7.      600 meters. It only 8.      minutes to walk between the two. Parking lotThe parking lot is in the southern part of the airport. It's close to the flight terminal.A robot-operated parking 9.     used. After drivers 10.      their cars, robots will lift the cars and carry them to an open parking space. When collecting（领取）their cars，drivers can use their parking tickets to get information on where to find their cars.(     )1.A.is open  B.are open  C.was open  D.were open (     )2.A.is  B.are  C.was   D.were (     )3.A.is  B.are  C.was   D.were (     )4.A.is  B.are  C.was   D.were (     )5.A.have  B.has  C.will have  D. had (     )6.A.is  B.are  C.was   D.were (     )7.A.is  B.are  C.was   D.were (     )8.A.take   B.takes   C.spend   D.spends(     )9.A.is  B.are  C.was   D.were (     )10.A.park  B.parks  C.will park  D.parked 解析：文章介绍了北京大兴国际机场。1.C本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由本句的时间状语on Sept.25，20l9可知，此处应用一般过去时；再根据句子的主语the Beijing Daxing International Airport可知谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。2.A本题考查主谓一致。Five years为一段时间，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。3.B本题考查主谓一致和动词时态。此处是介绍大兴机场的一些客观事实，故用一般现在时：在there be结构中，be动词的单复数由其后所跟的名词的单复数决定。故根据空后的five gardens可知选B。4.A本题考查主谓一致和动词时态。本句为倒装句，主语为the Chinese garden，所以谓语动词应用单数形式，时态为一般现在时，故选A。5.B本题考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语The building是单数概念且根据上下文可知时态为一般现在时。故选B。6.A本题考查主谓一致。本句的主语是The number of...，表示“...的数量”，且时态为一般现在时，故选A。7.A本题考查时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是The distance，为单数形式，且时态为一般现在时，故选A。8.B本题考查动词辨析和主谓一致。It takes some time to do sth.做某事花费多长时间。故选B。