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2022-2023学年四川省绵竹中学高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年四川省绵竹中学高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
四川绵竹中学2022-2023学年高三上开学考试英语试题
第I卷(100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What season is it now?
A. Late autumn. B. Mid winter. C. Early spring.
2. What would the man like to do when he feels stressful?
A. Sing songs. B. Ride the bicycle. C. Go to the gym.
3. What happened to Jerry?
A. He didn’t pass the exam.
B. He won’t be able to get a higher grade.
C. He can’t go to the university.
4. When did Sophie last cry?
A. When she became an aunt.
B. When she saw a singer.
C. When she had a show.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Fee of checking luggage.
B. Flying to Canada.
C. Changes on the plane.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why can’t the man throw his old phone into the rubbish bins?
A. It’s worth some money.
B. Somebody else might need it.
C. It’ll pollute the environment.
7 How did the woman deal with her old one?
A. She paid someone to take it away.
B. She asked the shop for help.
C. She threw it away in the storage room.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What can we know about the woman?
A. She was locked outside.
B. She was in a cinema.
C. She likes drinking under the moon.
9. What will John do for her?
A. Buy some clothes. B. Take a photo. C. Fetch her.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did Brenda do?
A. Went to the doctor’s.
B. Took some candies.
C. Went to work by bus.
11. What’s wrong with Alan?
A. He’s got a stomachache.
B. He coughed all night.
C. He’s got a cold.
12. What day is it today?
A. Sunday. B. Monday. C. Tuesday.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does Carolina want to do?
A. Phone her mom.
B. Go back home.
C. Go out for fun.
14. What’s Carolina probably?
A. A student. B. A worker. C. A farmer.
15. When will Carolina go to work?
A. In a day. B. In half a day. C. In 3 hours.
16. What will Alex do?
A. Finish his essay.
B. Make some coffee.
C. Take a shower.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How long has King Bhumibol been in power?
A. For 88 years.
B. For 80 years.
C. For 70 years.
18. Where did King Bhumibol attend the university?
A. In Switzerland.
B. In America.
C. In Germany.
19. What was King Bhumibol’s best-seller book about?
A. Pet. B. Music. C. Sailing.
20. What was King Bhumibol known as?
A. A skillful politician.
B. A talented king.
C. A humble leader.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
My favourite Books
—Posted by Catherine Chung.a great writer
Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang
This collection contains several maths stories. The one I recommend is Division By Zero,about Jane Parkinson,a brilliant German mathematician.To her great despair,she ends up proving that mathematics is inconsistent and is able to prove that any two numbers are equal.A beautiful,thought-provoking(发人深省的)story about belief,understanding，and faith.
The Housekeeper and the Professor by Yoko Ogawa
It's about a woman who comes to work for a once-great mathematician.Due to a brain injury,he has only 80 minutes of short-term memory available to him before he forgets everything. It is filled with beautiful maths,simply and clearly described alongside finely drawn relationships between the characters.
Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro
Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician at a time when women were not allowed in most of Europe to attend university. She married a man who promised to take her to Germany to study. She made major contributions to the field and became the first woman in Russia to obtain a doctorate in mathematics.
The Ore Miner's Wife by Karl Iagnemma
It is about a miner who thinks he's discovered the proof to the problem: construct a square,equal in area to a given circle. His wife, not knowing what has suddenly taken his attention and his time, fears he is being unfaithful. A moving exploration of the joys of entering a problem whole and the desire and impossibility of truly knowing those we love.
1. What does"I"refer to in Paragraph 1?
A. Catherine Chung. B. Ted Chiang.
C. Jane Parkinson. D. Yoko Ogawa.
2. Which book is about a pioneering Russian woman mathematician?
A. Stories of Your Life and Others. B. The Housekeeper and the Professor.
C. Too Much Happiness. D. The Ore Miner's Wife.
3. What do the listed books have in common?
A. They tell love stories. B. They involve mathematics.
C They explore human relationship. D. They reveal people's inner world.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章以My favourite Books为题，介绍了作家Catherine Chung最喜欢的书籍。
【1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章标题“My favourite Books—Posted by Catherine Chung.a great writer(我最喜欢的书由——Chung发布。一个伟大的作家)”可知，本文是以作家Catherine Chung为第一视角的记叙文，介绍她喜欢的书，由此可推知文中的第一人称I，指的是Catherine Chung，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro段落内容“Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician at a time when women were not allowed in most of Europe to attend university. She married a man who promised to take her to Germany to study. She made major contributions to the field and became the first woman in Russia to obtain a doctorate in mathematics.(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家，当时欧洲大部分国家都不允许女性上大学。她嫁给了一个答应带她去德国学习的人。她在这一领域做出了重大贡献，成为俄罗斯第一位获得数学博士学位的女性。)”可知，Too Much Happiness 这本书是关于俄罗斯女数学家的先驱科瓦列夫斯卡娅的，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang段落内容中的“This collection contains several maths stories.(这本合集里有几个数学故事。)”；The Housekeeper and the Professor by Yoko Ogawa段落内容中的“It's about a woman who comes to work for a once-great mathematician.(故事讲的是一个女人为一位曾经伟大的数学家工作。)”；Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro段落内容中的“Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家)”以及The Ore Miner's Wife by Karl Iagnemma段落内容中的“It is about a miner who thinks he's discovered the proof to the problem: construct a square,equal in area to a given circle. (它是关于一个矿工的，他认为自己发现了问题的证明:构造一个正方形，面积等于一个给定的圆。)”可知，列出的书籍具有的共同点是它们都包括数学。故选B。
B
On a cool morning, Wilson Kasaine heads out along a dirt path in southern Kenya. His calmness makes it easy to forget that he’s tracking one of the most dangerous animals in the world. Kasaine is tracking lions—especially one lion called Marti, who is the real-life Lion King of Selenkay Conservancy.
Tracking lions on foot may sound like a death wish, but Kasaine has been doing it for most of his life. Born into a traditional Maasai family he quickly grew to understand the beauty and danger of wildlife. Living with big wild animals forces him to develop a good sense of where they have been and where they may be going. During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印) of a lion from those of other animals.
Growing up, Kasaine knew that improving his tracking abilities would help him avoid surprise meetings with dangerous animals. For many Maasai, tracking is mainly a matter of self-protection. But Kasaine is tracking lions to meet them and to protect them. He leads a small group of wide-eyed tourists over the red sandy path, searching for the lion that has left upon it his prints.
Each year, thousands of tourists crowd Kenya’s national parks to try to have a look at the＂big five＂; elephants, rhinoceros, leopards, buffaloes and lions. The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.
Wildlife protection efforts in Kenya meant marking off land exclusively(专门地)for animals. But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas. They are also finding it increasingly hard to keep a traditional Maasai lifestyle. But people are glad that it really makes a difference to wildlife protection.
4. How did Kasaine track lions?
A. By working together with tourists.
B. By running after them all the time.
C. By going to school every day.
D. By studying their paw prints.
5. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. Maasai people are born animal lovers.
B. Tourism is a big threat to Kenya’s wildlife.
C. Kenya benefits a lot from its wildlife protection.
D. Small animals are not included in their protection policy.
6. What does the underlined word ＂it＂in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Kenya’s economic development.
B. People’s leaving their original homes.
C. Kenya’s second-largest income source.
D. Kenyan people’s traditional Maasai lifestyle.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Wildlife protection in Kenya
B. Meeting a dangerous animal
C. Wilson Kasaine’s wise choice
D. Learning to live with lions
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。这篇文章通过讲述Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家，人们也非常高兴，并且支持野生动植物保护。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印)of a lion from those of other animals.可推知Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子，选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.可知肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多，选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas,可推知"it”指的是人们离开他们最初的家，选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇文章通过讲述Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家，人们也非常高兴，并且支持野生动植物保护，选A。
C
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
8. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
9. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
10. What function is expected of the rail drones?
A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可推知，使用无人机检查电力线使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，画线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.(带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人机可以像副驾驶一样在火车前面行驶。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应)”可知，对于无人机期待的功能是提前发现问题。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
【点睛】
D
Jean Craighead George was born in Washington, D. C. in 1919. Her interest in nature and animals came early arid maybe from her father. He worked for the National Forest Service. The family spent a lot of time in wooded areas. Jean and her twin brothers learned how to build shelters and find food in the woods.
Her brothers trained falcons (猎鹰). Jean said they gave her a falcon to train when she was 13 years old. Later the main character in one of her books develops a close relationship with a falcon.
She and her family started exploring wilderness areas all over the country. The family had more than 170 animals, although not all at once. The pets were always free to stay or go.
Her career in children’s literature began in 1948 with the publication of her first book, Vulpes: The Red Fox. Eleven years later came My Side of the Mountain, one of the best loved children’s books ever.
It tells the story of Sam Gribley who escapes the busy life of New York City. He goes to live in the wilderness of the Catskill Mountains. Sam makes friends with several animals, including a falcon he calls Frightful. Jean Craighead George said she wrote it to tell about all the wonderful adventures she experienced as a child in the woods.
In 1973, Jean Craighead George won a Newberry Medal for Julie of the Wolves. She had earlier travelled to Barrow, Alaska and met with scientists there. They taught her how to communicate with wolves. The author said she was finally successful with a beautiful female wolf. She knew then she wanted to write about a little Eskimo girl lost on the frozen land. Julie survives by learning how to talk to the wolves. They then help protect her.
Jean Craighead George hoped her works in fiction would help children enjoy the wilderness and also protect it. Her own children follows in her footsteps. Her daughter writes books about nature for children. One son is a whale researcher. The other studies birds.
Jean Craighead George died at a hospital in New York City, where she lived most of her adult life.
12. What is implied in the first paragraph about Jean？
A. She liked to do outdoor activities.
B She had the ability of living in the wilderness.
C. She didn’t get enough food to eat at home.
D. She had to work harder to support the family.
13. In Jean’s family, pets ________.
A. were left alone al home B. were traditional ones like dogs and cats
C. enjoyed freedom to leave or not D. was fed with food at the same time
14. What was Jean’s My Side of the Mountain based on？
A. Her early life in New York City. B. The history of her family in New York.
C. The legend in the Catskill Mountains. D. Her early experience in the woods.
15. When did Jean want to write Julie of the Wolves？
A. After she learned how to communicate with a wolf.
B. After she met an Eskimo girl in Alaska.
C. After she was saved by wolves in travelling Alaska.
D. After she learned many stories about wolves.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了美国一位儿童文学女作家Jean Craighead George的一生以及她的著名儿童文学作品。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Jean and her twin brothers learned how to build shelters and find food in the woods. (Jean和她的双胞胎兄弟学会了如何在树林里搭建庇护所和寻找食物)”可知，Jean有在野外生活的能力。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The family had more than 170 animals, although not all at once. The pets were always free to stay or go. (这家人养了170多只动物，尽管不是一下子全部养这么多。宠物们总是可以随意留下或离开)”可知，在Jean的家里，宠物享有离开或不离开的自由。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Eleven years later came My Side of the Mountain, one of the best loved children’s books ever. (十一年后，《我在山的一边》问世了，这是有史以来最受欢迎的儿童读物之一)”和第五段中“Jean Craighead George said she wrote it to tell about all the wonderful adventures she experienced as a child in the woods. (Jean Craighead George说她写这本书是为了讲述她小时候在森林里经历的所有奇妙的冒险)”可知，这本书是根据她早年在树林里的经历改编的。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“They taught her how to communicate with wolves. The author said she was finally successful with a beautiful female wolf. She knew then she wanted to write about a little Eskimo girl lost on the frozen land. (他们教她如何与狼交流。作者说她最终成功地与一只美丽的母狼交流。那时她知道她想写一个在冻土上迷路的爱斯基摩小女孩)”可知，在学会如何与狼交流之后，Jean想写Julie of the Wolves。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Music is where everything started,” Samira Horton says. ____16____ She has been rapping and performing since she was 6 years old. Through music, DJ Annie Red says, “I can express myself and let out my emotion.”
The rising hip-hop star uses music to share a message about bullying. “I was bullied a lot,” she says, “even today, especially because of my voice.” DJ Annie Red has a deep voice. ____17____ But DJ Annie Red has found a way to rise above their rude remarks. Instead of thinking of her voice as a weakness, she uses it to spread her anti-bullying message far and wide.
____18____ She posts her music online, too. She likes to give students a rhythmic and interactive show while teaching them how to overcome bullying. “It makes them feel like they're not alone.”
Annie Red believes that standing up to bullying is more important than ever. ____19____ “You don't have to show your face at all,” she says. “Someone could easily be affected by that.”
____20____ She believes that kids of her generation can make things better by finding their passions and using those passions to inspire changes, as she has. “Kids' being more confident in themselves and wanting to do something that they really enjoy doing is something that motivates me to keep doing what I do.”
A. But she sees a brighter future ahead.
B. People have told her she sounds like a boy.
C. She encourages kids of all ages to stand up to bullying.
D. DJ Annie Red has performed at schools, festivals and Brooklyn Net games.
E. Her 2017 book, The Bully Stop, is based on her song “No You Won't Bully Me”.
F. The 13-year-old from Brooklyn, New York, is known to the world as DJ Annie Red.
G. That's because people can bully others on social media while hiding behind a username.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。讲述了两位闻名世界的小音乐家对待欺凌的态度，以及她们如何用音乐来对抗欺凌。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Samira Horton says（Samira Horton说道）”空后“She has been rapping and performing since she was 6 years old.（自从她6岁开始，她就一直在说唱，在表演。）”可知，空前提出了Samira Horton这个人，且空后介绍她从6岁开始说唱，此空也应是对Samira Horton的介绍，F项“这个来自纽约布鲁克林13岁的女孩，就如DJ Annie Red一样，闻名于世界”符合，故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据空前“DJ Annie Red has a deep voice.（DJ Annie Red声音很低沉）”可知，B项“人们说她的声音像男生的声音”是前文的顺义承接，前文说她声音低沉，所以人们会说她的声音像男生的声音，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空后“She posts her music online, too.（她也将她的音乐传到网上去）”可知，空后讲的是她表演的方式，且根据本句的“too（也）”可以推出，本空也应是她表演的方式，D项“DJ Annie Red在学校、节日里以及布鲁克林网络游戏上表演”符合，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Annie Red believes that standing up to bullying is more important than ever.（认为勇敢抵抗欺凌比之前更加重要）”以及空后“‘You don't have to show your face at all,’ she says. ‘Someone could easily be affected by that.’（她说道，你根本不需要露脸，但是一些人很容易就受到伤害。）”可知，空前说勇敢抵抗欺凌很重要，后文提到不需要露脸，因此是在网上欺凌，G项“那是因为人们可以在社交媒体上欺凌别人，并且还是隐藏在用户名背后”承上启下，解释空前对抗霸凌更重要的原因，并说隐藏在用户名背后，引出后文的不用露脸，故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据空前提到出现网上欺凌对人伤害不小，以及空后“She believes that kids of her generation can make things better by finding their passions, and using those passions to inspire changes, as she has.（她认为她这一代的孩子能通过找到热情来让事情朝更好的方向发展，并且他们可以用这些热情来做出一些改变）”可知，前文说明网上欺凌的伤害，后文又说明事情会朝好的方向发展，前后为转折关系，A项“但是她却看到了前方明亮的未来。”符合，故选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
完形填空
The town of Pressure and the town of Pleasure were neighbors but they had nothing in common. Residents built walls to___21___influence from the other town.
In Pressure, everyone struggled to be the very___22___. For instance, when women___23___birth, they would compete to have the baby with the loudest cry. There was violent competition in every aspect of life. Because___24___was the symbol of success, people were___25___busy making money, with no time for___26___. Some young people couldn't bear the intensity and chose to drive to escape.
___27___, in Pleasure, the motto was “As long as you like it, do it.” People___28___without pressure and___29___do anything they liked. Children played computer games day and night. At school, teachers didn't care____30____students came or not. Workers might sit around the office___31___drinking coffee and doing nothing. ____32____the lack of regulations, nobody worried about losing their jobs. It was____33____that mattered. No one had the slightest thought of moving____34____, either for themselves or for the town. The computers they used were the old models from the town of Pressure.
Some of the young were addicted to ____35____because of the emptiness of their lives. Then, people in the two towns began asking themselves. “What is____36____for?” But just before life in the two towns completely____37____, there came a great person--Mr.Reason. He went from door to door, ____38____with people and giving advice. People in Pressure learnt to be content with what they had, ___39___people in Pleasure began to make plans. They____40____the wall between them and built a road to connect the two. People in the two towns came to realize the truth---there is no gap between Pressure and Pleasure if they don't go to extremes.
21. A. connect B. contact C. prevent D. arrange
22. A. worst B. best C. least D. most
23. A. took B. gave C. offered D. brought
24. A. health B. power C. wealth D. status
25. A. sometimes B. hardly C. seldom D. always
26. A. relaxation B. intention C. standard D. starvation
27. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Moreover
28. A. got up B. went up C. grew up D. set up
29. A. must B. could C. need D. should
30. A. who B. where C. what D. whether
31. A. all day long B. all night C. all alone D. all the way
32. A. Regardless of B. Due to C. According to D. As for
33. A. pleasure B. time C. money D. pressure
34. A. backward B. downward C. upward D. forward
35. A. drugs B. food C. work D. books
36. A. money B. life C. pleasure D. pressure
37. A. failed B. improved C. lived D. succeeded
38. A. to talk B. talking C. talked D. talks
39. A. when B. as C. while D. since
40. A. went down B. put down C. pulled down D. wrote down
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。从前有两个仅一墙之隔的压力小镇和快乐小镇，两个小镇的人们彼此不相往来。在压力小镇人们时刻处于竞争的压力下；而在快乐小镇人们都不思进取，碌碌无为。这两种截然不同的生活都导致了很多问题，终于有一天两个小镇的人们意识到了如果不走极端的话，压力和快乐是不分开的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：居民们筑起围墙以防止来自另一个城镇的影响。A. connect联系；B. contact接触；C. prevent阻止；D. arrange安排。根据上文“The town of Pressure and the town of Pleasure were neighbors but they had nothing in common.”可知上文提到压力小镇和快乐小镇生活在一起，没有共同点，所以居民修建了一堵墙让他们免受对方的影响，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在压力小镇中，每个人都努力成为最好的自己。A. worst最坏的；B. best最好的；C. least最少的；D. most最多的。根据下文“There was violent competition in every aspect of life.”可知压力小镇的人们都在为变得最好而努力。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：例如，当妇女的孩子出生时他们就要比较谁的孩子的哭声最大。A. took拿；B. gave给；C. offered提供；D. brought带来。根据下文“they would compete to have the baby with the loudest cry.”可知是生孩子时候，give birth表示分娩，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为财富是成功的象征，人们总是忙于赚钱，没有时间放松。A. health 健康；B. power力量；C. wealth财富；D. status地位。根据下文“people were___5__busy making money”可知人们都忙着挣钱，由此推断在小镇上判断是否成功的标准是财富的多少，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sometimes 有时；B. hardly几乎不；C. seldom很少；D. always总是。根据上文的讲述可知人们为了成功，为了多挣钱总是忙忙碌碌的，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. relaxation 放松； B. intension意图；C. standard 标准；D. starvation饥饿。根据上文 “people were___5__busy making money”可知人们都忙着挣钱，”没有时间放松。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，快乐小镇的座右铭是“只要你喜欢，就去做。”A. Furthermore此外；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。根据上下文可知此段讲述快乐小镇和压力小镇截然不同的情况，此处应该是转折，在快乐小镇上，快乐小镇的座右铭是“只要你喜欢，就去做。”故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们在没有压力的情况下成长，可以做任何他们喜欢的事情。A. got up 起床；B. went up起来；C. grew up成长；D. set up建立。根据上文“the motto was “As long as you like it, do it.””可知人们没有压力的成长。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. must 必须；B. could 能；C. need 需要；D. should应该。根据上文“People___8___without pressure”可知人们在快乐小镇上可以随意做喜欢做的事情，换句话说，人们能够做想做的任何事情，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在学校，老师不关心学生来不来。A. who谁；B. where哪里；C. what什么；D. whether是否。本句连接的是宾语从句，根据下文“Workers might sit around the office__11__drinking coffee and doing nothing.”可知老师也不关心学生来不来上课，需要whether引导的宾语从句，表是否，符合题意，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：员工可能整天坐在办公室里喝咖啡，什么都不做。A. all day long 一整天；B. all night整晚；C. all alone独自；D. all the way一直。根据上文“Children played computer games day and night.”可知孩子们整天玩游戏，由此推测成年人们也是每天都喝咖啡，无所事事。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：由于缺乏监管，没有人担心失去工作。A. Regardless of 不管；B. Due to由于；C. According to 根据； D. As for至于。根据下文“nobody worried about losing their jobs”可以判断没有规章制度是人们不担心失业的原因，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是快乐。A. pleasure愉快；B. time 时间；C. money 金钱； D. pressure压力。根据上下文可知在快乐小镇最重要的事情就是快乐，因为喜欢做什么就做什么，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有人想过要继续前进，不管是为了自己还是为了小镇。A. backward向后；B. downward向下；C. upward向上；D. forward向前。前面主要讲述了快乐小镇的快乐生活，因此因为这种快乐生活没有一个人有为他们自己或者是这个小镇的向前发展考虑过。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于生活的空虚，一些年轻人染上了毒瘾。A. drugs药物；B. food食物；C. work工作；D. books书籍。根据文章内容可知快乐小镇上的人们生活的空虚无聊，年轻人就要寻求刺激，由此推测他们开始吸毒，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活是为了什么? A. money金钱；B. life生活；C. pleasure乐趣；D. pressure压力。根据上下文可知此处说的是两个小镇上的人们生活出现了问题，他们对自己的生活目的提出了质疑，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但就在这两个城镇的生活彻底失败之前，来了一个伟大的人——理性先生。A. failed失败；B. improved提高；C. lived生活；D. succeeded成功。由上文的叙述可知快乐小镇上的人们因为空虚而吸毒，而压力小镇上的人们无法忍受这种压力而逃离，由此可知他们的生活都是失败的，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：他挨家挨户地与人们交谈，并提出建议。A. to talk谈话，不定式；B. talking谈话，现在分词；C. talked谈话，一般过去时；D. talks谈话，一般现在时。分析可知，这里是和giving advice并列做状语，应用现在分词形式。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：压力中的人学会了满足于他们所拥有的，而快乐中的人开始制定计划。A. when当……时候； B. as即使；C. while然而；D. since自从。前一句是压力小镇开始满足现在所拥有的，下一句是快乐小镇开始制定计划，前后进行对比。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们拆掉了他们之间的墙，修了一条路把两者连接起来。A. went down 停止；B. put down放下；C. pulled down拆毁；D. wrote down写下。根据下文“built a road to connect the two”可知人们拆掉了两个小镇之间的那堵墙，故选C。
第II卷(50分)
注意事项：用0. 5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 英语知识运用
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Since late July, there have been large-scale and high-intensity high temperatures in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River due to an____41____(normal) strong subtropical high pressure system in the western Pacific,” Chen Tao said. “____42____ (base) on our analysis, the system will continue and high temperatures will persist in those regions for the coming two weeks.”
Chen Lijuan, chief forecaster at the National Climate Center said, high temperatures ____43____(stay) in many parts of southern China since June. “While this year’s duration of regional high temperatures is set to break the record and become the____44____(hot) year since 1961,” she said. Shanghai,____45____entered its 41st day of temperatures above 35℃ on Sunday, has experienced six days with high temperatures above 40℃ this summer. The city’s temperature hit 40.9℃ on July 13,____46____(equal) the highest temperature in Shanghai since records began in 1873.
Affected by the high temperatures, some areas in the Sichuan basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have already experienced drought and may continue or get ____47____(bad), said Chen Tao. The high temperature weather has a certain unfavorable impact ____48____agricultural production in the southern region, and continuous high temperatures are not ____49____(benefit) to the ____50____(grow) and development of some crops.
【答案】41. abnormally
42. Based 43. have stayed
44. hottest
45. which 46. equaling##equalling
47. worse 48. on
49. beneficial
50. growth
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了7月下旬以来长江中下游地区出现了大规模高强度的高温天气，以及高温天气对农作物的影响。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：“7月下旬以来，受西太平洋副热带高压异常强的影响，长江中下游地区出现了大规模高强度高温天气。”陈涛说。此处应用副词修饰形容词strong，结合句意可知此处指“异常地”，故填abnormally。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：根据我们的分析，未来两周，高压系统将会继续，高温天气在这些地区将继续存在。动词base和逻辑主语the system之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写。故填Based。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：国家气候中心首席预报员陈丽娟表示，自6月以来，中国南方许多地区一直处于高温状态。根据时间状语“since June”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语temperatures是名词复数，助动词用have，故填have stayed。
【44题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：“而今年地区高温持续时间将打破记录，成为1961年以来最热的一年。”她说。根据“break the record”可知，此处应用形容词最高级，故填hottest。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：上周日，上海连续第41天气温超过35℃，今年夏天，上海已经连续6天气温超过40℃。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Shanghai，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：7月13日，上海的气温达到了40.9℃，与上海自1873年有记录以来的最高气温持平。动词equal和逻辑主语40.9℃之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填equaling/equalling。
【47题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：陈涛表示，受高温的影响，四川盆地和长江中下游的一些地区已经经历了干旱，而且可能会持续或恶化。结合句意及“may continue”可知，此处指“可能会持续或者恶化”，应用形容词比较级。故填worse。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：高温天气对南方地区的农业生产有一定的不利影响，持续的高温不利于部分作物的生长发育。have an impact on sth对……有影响，固定短语。故填on。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。此处应填形容词作表语，beneficial有益的，形容词。故填beneficial。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。此处和名词development并列，应用名词形式，growth生长，成长，不可数名词。故填growth。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday, I went to an amazed Chinese art festival. It was of an exciting experience for a foreign student like me. Which caught my attention first was a 15th-century qinghua bowl. It vivid showed a dragon playing with a ball. Then I tried some paper cutting, that is, making images out of paper. It was difficult, but a lot of funs! With the help of the artist, I manage to make one in the shape of a fish. There was also an old man write Chinese calligraphy: his writing was so free and elegant! Another man sitting next him showed me how seal cutting (篆刻) worked. Finally, he made one for myself with my name in Chinese—pretty awesome!
【答案】1.amazed→amazing 2.将of去掉 3.Which→What 4.vivid→vividly 5.funs→fun
6.the→an 7.manage→managed 8.write→writing 9.在next后面加to 10.myself→me
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者参加艺术节的一次经历。
【详解】1. 考查形容词。句意：昨天我去参加了一个很棒的中国艺术节。以后缀-ing结尾的形容词，主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征。故将amazed改为amazing。
2. 考查主系表句型。句意：对于像我这样的外国学生来说，这是一次令人兴奋的经历。主系表结构，这里用名词做表语，不能加介词。故去掉介词of。
3. 考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：首先引起我注意的是一个15世纪的青花瓷碗。此处为主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语。What意为“……的东西或表情；什么样的”，引导名词性从句，可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语。Which引导定语从句。故将which改为what。
4. 考查副词。句意：它生动地展示了一条龙在戏珠。修饰后面动词showed，用副词vividly，表示“生动地”。故将vivid改为vividly。
5. 考查名词。句意：这很难，但是很有趣。 fun是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将funs改为fun。
6. 考查冠词。句意：在一名艺术家的帮助下，我设法做了一个鱼的形状。这里的艺术家不是具体特定的，只是强调有一名艺术家帮我，应用冠词，冠词后面的词artist以元音音素开头。故将the改为an。
7. 考查时态。句意：同上。根据“Yesterday, I went to an amazed Chinese art festival. ”可知事情发生在昨天，相应的动作用一般过去时 。故将manage改为managed。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：还有一位老人在写中国书法。修饰前面的名man，且动作与前面的名词构成主动关系，用writing，表示“在写……的”。故将write改为writing。
9. 考查介词短语。句意：坐在他旁边的另一个人向我展示了篆刻的工作原理。next to是介词短语，表示“紧挨着……”。故在next后加to。
10. 考查人称代词。句意：最后他用我的中文名字给我做了一个，非常棒。主语和宾语不是同一人，不用反身代词，这里的宾语是“我”，故用宾格形式me。故将myself改为me。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 在和谐社会里，人与人之间的互帮互助已构成我们生活中的重要组成部分。你校英语俱乐部将举行一次以“Helping Each Other Makes the World Wonderful”为题的英语演讲比赛。请你以李华的名义用英语写一篇演讲稿。内容要点如下：
1.帮助同学——加深友谊；2.帮助老人——幸福；3.帮助病人——快乐；4.帮助别人的体会和感悟。
注意：词数80左右。
Helping Each Other Makes the World Wonderful
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hello, everyone.
I’m Li Hua. Today I am very glad to have the chance to speak about the topic. As we all know, it is an important part of our life to help each other. We can gain more from helping others. For example, we can strengthen our friendship when helping our classmates. We can feel happy when we help old people. And we can take great pleasure when we help patients in hospital. In a word, helping others can promote us. So I’m ready to help others in need, and I strongly believe that it will be of great use to build a peaceful and wonderful world. Let’s take action to achieve the good wishes. Thank you for your listening.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，参加以“Helping Each Other Makes the World Wonderful”为题的英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity→chance
获得：obtain→gain
高兴的：happy→glad
例如：for instance=for example
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In a word, helping others can promote us. So I’m ready to help others in need, and I strongly believe that it will be of great use to build a peaceful and wonderful world.
拓展句：So I’m ready to help others in need, and I strongly believe that it will be of great use to build a peaceful and wonderful world because helping others can promote us.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We can feel happy when we help old people. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] In a word, helping others can promote us. (运用了动名词作主语)
听力答案：1—5 AACBA 6—10 CBACB 11—15 ACBAC 16-20 BCAAC
四川绵竹中学2022-2023学年高三上开学考试英语试题
第I卷(100分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What season is it now?
A. Late autumn. B. Mid winter. C. Early spring.
2. What would the man like to do when he feels stressful?
A. Sing songs. B. Ride the bicycle. C. Go to the gym.
3. What happened to Jerry?
A. He didn’t pass the exam.
B. He won’t be able to get a higher grade.
C. He can’t go to the university.
4. When did Sophie last cry?
A. When she became an aunt.
B. When she saw a singer.
C. When she had a show.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Fee of checking luggage.
B. Flying to Canada.
C. Changes on the plane.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why can’t the man throw his old phone into the rubbish bins?
A. It’s worth some money.
B. Somebody else might need it.
C. It’ll pollute the environment.
7 How did the woman deal with her old one?
A. She paid someone to take it away.
B. She asked the shop for help.
C. She threw it away in the storage room.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What can we know about the woman?
A. She was locked outside.
B. She was in a cinema.
C. She likes drinking under the moon.
9. What will John do for her?
A. Buy some clothes. B. Take a photo. C. Fetch her.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did Brenda do?
A. Went to the doctor’s.
B. Took some candies.
C. Went to work by bus.
11. What’s wrong with Alan?
A. He’s got a stomachache.
B. He coughed all night.
C. He’s got a cold.
12. What day is it today?
A. Sunday. B. Monday. C. Tuesday.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does Carolina want to do?
A. Phone her mom.
B. Go back home.
C. Go out for fun.
14. What’s Carolina probably?
A. A student. B. A worker. C. A farmer.
15. When will Carolina go to work?
A. In a day. B. In half a day. C. In 3 hours.
16. What will Alex do?
A. Finish his essay.
B. Make some coffee.
C. Take a shower.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How long has King Bhumibol been in power?
A. For 88 years.
B. For 80 years.
C. For 70 years.
18. Where did King Bhumibol attend the university?
A. In Switzerland.
B. In America.
C. In Germany.
19. What was King Bhumibol’s best-seller book about?
A. Pet. B. Music. C. Sailing.
20. What was King Bhumibol known as?
A. A skillful politician.
B. A talented king.
C. A humble leader.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
My favourite Books
—Posted by Catherine Chung.a great writer
Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang
This collection contains several maths stories. The one I recommend is Division By Zero,about Jane Parkinson,a brilliant German mathematician.To her great despair,she ends up proving that mathematics is inconsistent and is able to prove that any two numbers are equal.A beautiful,thought-provoking(发人深省的)story about belief,understanding，and faith.
The Housekeeper and the Professor by Yoko Ogawa
It's about a woman who comes to work for a once-great mathematician.Due to a brain injury,he has only 80 minutes of short-term memory available to him before he forgets everything. It is filled with beautiful maths,simply and clearly described alongside finely drawn relationships between the characters.
Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro
Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician at a time when women were not allowed in most of Europe to attend university. She married a man who promised to take her to Germany to study. She made major contributions to the field and became the first woman in Russia to obtain a doctorate in mathematics.
The Ore Miner's Wife by Karl Iagnemma
It is about a miner who thinks he's discovered the proof to the problem: construct a square,equal in area to a given circle. His wife, not knowing what has suddenly taken his attention and his time, fears he is being unfaithful. A moving exploration of the joys of entering a problem whole and the desire and impossibility of truly knowing those we love.
1. What does"I"refer to in Paragraph 1?
A. Catherine Chung. B. Ted Chiang.
C. Jane Parkinson. D. Yoko Ogawa.
2. Which book is about a pioneering Russian woman mathematician?
A. Stories of Your Life and Others. B. The Housekeeper and the Professor.
C. Too Much Happiness. D. The Ore Miner's Wife.
3. What do the listed books have in common?
A. They tell love stories. B. They involve mathematics.
C They explore human relationship. D. They reveal people's inner world.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章以My favourite Books为题，介绍了作家Catherine Chung最喜欢的书籍。
【1题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章标题“My favourite Books—Posted by Catherine Chung.a great writer(我最喜欢的书由——Chung发布。一个伟大的作家)”可知，本文是以作家Catherine Chung为第一视角的记叙文，介绍她喜欢的书，由此可推知文中的第一人称I，指的是Catherine Chung，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro段落内容“Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician at a time when women were not allowed in most of Europe to attend university. She married a man who promised to take her to Germany to study. She made major contributions to the field and became the first woman in Russia to obtain a doctorate in mathematics.(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家，当时欧洲大部分国家都不允许女性上大学。她嫁给了一个答应带她去德国学习的人。她在这一领域做出了重大贡献，成为俄罗斯第一位获得数学博士学位的女性。)”可知，Too Much Happiness 这本书是关于俄罗斯女数学家的先驱科瓦列夫斯卡娅的，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang段落内容中的“This collection contains several maths stories.(这本合集里有几个数学故事。)”；The Housekeeper and the Professor by Yoko Ogawa段落内容中的“It's about a woman who comes to work for a once-great mathematician.(故事讲的是一个女人为一位曾经伟大的数学家工作。)”；Too Much Happiness by Alice Munro段落内容中的“Kovalevskaya was a 19th-century mathematician(科瓦列夫斯卡娅是一名19世纪的数学家)”以及The Ore Miner's Wife by Karl Iagnemma段落内容中的“It is about a miner who thinks he's discovered the proof to the problem: construct a square,equal in area to a given circle. (它是关于一个矿工的，他认为自己发现了问题的证明:构造一个正方形，面积等于一个给定的圆。)”可知，列出的书籍具有的共同点是它们都包括数学。故选B。
B
On a cool morning, Wilson Kasaine heads out along a dirt path in southern Kenya. His calmness makes it easy to forget that he’s tracking one of the most dangerous animals in the world. Kasaine is tracking lions—especially one lion called Marti, who is the real-life Lion King of Selenkay Conservancy.
Tracking lions on foot may sound like a death wish, but Kasaine has been doing it for most of his life. Born into a traditional Maasai family he quickly grew to understand the beauty and danger of wildlife. Living with big wild animals forces him to develop a good sense of where they have been and where they may be going. During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印) of a lion from those of other animals.
Growing up, Kasaine knew that improving his tracking abilities would help him avoid surprise meetings with dangerous animals. For many Maasai, tracking is mainly a matter of self-protection. But Kasaine is tracking lions to meet them and to protect them. He leads a small group of wide-eyed tourists over the red sandy path, searching for the lion that has left upon it his prints.
Each year, thousands of tourists crowd Kenya’s national parks to try to have a look at the＂big five＂; elephants, rhinoceros, leopards, buffaloes and lions. The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.
Wildlife protection efforts in Kenya meant marking off land exclusively(专门地)for animals. But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas. They are also finding it increasingly hard to keep a traditional Maasai lifestyle. But people are glad that it really makes a difference to wildlife protection.
4. How did Kasaine track lions?
A. By working together with tourists.
B. By running after them all the time.
C. By going to school every day.
D. By studying their paw prints.
5. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?
A. Maasai people are born animal lovers.
B. Tourism is a big threat to Kenya’s wildlife.
C. Kenya benefits a lot from its wildlife protection.
D. Small animals are not included in their protection policy.
6. What does the underlined word ＂it＂in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Kenya’s economic development.
B. People’s leaving their original homes.
C. Kenya’s second-largest income source.
D. Kenyan people’s traditional Maasai lifestyle.
7. What is the best title for the text?
A. Wildlife protection in Kenya
B. Meeting a dangerous animal
C. Wilson Kasaine’s wise choice
D. Learning to live with lions
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文。这篇文章通过讲述Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家，人们也非常高兴，并且支持野生动植物保护。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印)of a lion from those of other animals.可推知Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子，选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.可知肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多，选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas,可推知"it”指的是人们离开他们最初的家，选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇文章通过讲述Kasaine通过狮子的脚印追踪狮子、保护狮子的故事说明了肯尼亚从它的野生动植物保护中受益很多。即使人们离开他们最初的家，人们也非常高兴，并且支持野生动植物保护，选A。
C
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
8. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
9. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
10. What function is expected of the rail drones?
A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可推知，使用无人机检查电力线使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，画线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段 “Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.(带有先进传感器和人工智能的非常小的无人机可以像副驾驶一样在火车前面行驶。凭借他们的预见能力，他们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的火车能够及时做出反应)”可知，对于无人机期待的功能是提前发现问题。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to make sure that the millions of kilometers of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7 basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
【点睛】
D
Jean Craighead George was born in Washington, D. C. in 1919. Her interest in nature and animals came early arid maybe from her father. He worked for the National Forest Service. The family spent a lot of time in wooded areas. Jean and her twin brothers learned how to build shelters and find food in the woods.
Her brothers trained falcons (猎鹰). Jean said they gave her a falcon to train when she was 13 years old. Later the main character in one of her books develops a close relationship with a falcon.
She and her family started exploring wilderness areas all over the country. The family had more than 170 animals, although not all at once. The pets were always free to stay or go.
Her career in children’s literature began in 1948 with the publication of her first book, Vulpes: The Red Fox. Eleven years later came My Side of the Mountain, one of the best loved children’s books ever.
It tells the story of Sam Gribley who escapes the busy life of New York City. He goes to live in the wilderness of the Catskill Mountains. Sam makes friends with several animals, including a falcon he calls Frightful. Jean Craighead George said she wrote it to tell about all the wonderful adventures she experienced as a child in the woods.
In 1973, Jean Craighead George won a Newberry Medal for Julie of the Wolves. She had earlier travelled to Barrow, Alaska and met with scientists there. They taught her how to communicate with wolves. The author said she was finally successful with a beautiful female wolf. She knew then she wanted to write about a little Eskimo girl lost on the frozen land. Julie survives by learning how to talk to the wolves. They then help protect her.
Jean Craighead George hoped her works in fiction would help children enjoy the wilderness and also protect it. Her own children follows in her footsteps. Her daughter writes books about nature for children. One son is a whale researcher. The other studies birds.
Jean Craighead George died at a hospital in New York City, where she lived most of her adult life.
12. What is implied in the first paragraph about Jean？
A. She liked to do outdoor activities.
B She had the ability of living in the wilderness.
C. She didn’t get enough food to eat at home.
D. She had to work harder to support the family.
13. In Jean’s family, pets ________.
A. were left alone al home B. were traditional ones like dogs and cats
C. enjoyed freedom to leave or not D. was fed with food at the same time
14. What was Jean’s My Side of the Mountain based on？
A. Her early life in New York City. B. The history of her family in New York.
C. The legend in the Catskill Mountains. D. Her early experience in the woods.
15. When did Jean want to write Julie of the Wolves？
A. After she learned how to communicate with a wolf.
B. After she met an Eskimo girl in Alaska.
C. After she was saved by wolves in travelling Alaska.
D. After she learned many stories about wolves.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了美国一位儿童文学女作家Jean Craighead George的一生以及她的著名儿童文学作品。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Jean and her twin brothers learned how to build shelters and find food in the woods. (Jean和她的双胞胎兄弟学会了如何在树林里搭建庇护所和寻找食物)”可知，Jean有在野外生活的能力。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The family had more than 170 animals, although not all at once. The pets were always free to stay or go. (这家人养了170多只动物，尽管不是一下子全部养这么多。宠物们总是可以随意留下或离开)”可知，在Jean的家里，宠物享有离开或不离开的自由。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Eleven years later came My Side of the Mountain, one of the best loved children’s books ever. (十一年后，《我在山的一边》问世了，这是有史以来最受欢迎的儿童读物之一)”和第五段中“Jean Craighead George said she wrote it to tell about all the wonderful adventures she experienced as a child in the woods. (Jean Craighead George说她写这本书是为了讲述她小时候在森林里经历的所有奇妙的冒险)”可知，这本书是根据她早年在树林里的经历改编的。故选D项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“They taught her how to communicate with wolves. The author said she was finally successful with a beautiful female wolf. She knew then she wanted to write about a little Eskimo girl lost on the frozen land. (他们教她如何与狼交流。作者说她最终成功地与一只美丽的母狼交流。那时她知道她想写一个在冻土上迷路的爱斯基摩小女孩)”可知，在学会如何与狼交流之后，Jean想写Julie of the Wolves。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Music is where everything started,” Samira Horton says. ____16____ She has been rapping and performing since she was 6 years old. Through music, DJ Annie Red says, “I can express myself and let out my emotion.”
The rising hip-hop star uses music to share a message about bullying. “I was bullied a lot,” she says, “even today, especially because of my voice.” DJ Annie Red has a deep voice. ____17____ But DJ Annie Red has found a way to rise above their rude remarks. Instead of thinking of her voice as a weakness, she uses it to spread her anti-bullying message far and wide.
____18____ She posts her music online, too. She likes to give students a rhythmic and interactive show while teaching them how to overcome bullying. “It makes them feel like they're not alone.”
Annie Red believes that standing up to bullying is more important than ever. ____19____ “You don't have to show your face at all,” she says. “Someone could easily be affected by that.”
____20____ She believes that kids of her generation can make things better by finding their passions and using those passions to inspire changes, as she has. “Kids' being more confident in themselves and wanting to do something that they really enjoy doing is something that motivates me to keep doing what I do.”
A. But she sees a brighter future ahead.
B. People have told her she sounds like a boy.
C. She encourages kids of all ages to stand up to bullying.
D. DJ Annie Red has performed at schools, festivals and Brooklyn Net games.
E. Her 2017 book, The Bully Stop, is based on her song “No You Won't Bully Me”.
F. The 13-year-old from Brooklyn, New York, is known to the world as DJ Annie Red.
G. That's because people can bully others on social media while hiding behind a username.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。讲述了两位闻名世界的小音乐家对待欺凌的态度，以及她们如何用音乐来对抗欺凌。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Samira Horton says（Samira Horton说道）”空后“She has been rapping and performing since she was 6 years old.（自从她6岁开始，她就一直在说唱，在表演。）”可知，空前提出了Samira Horton这个人，且空后介绍她从6岁开始说唱，此空也应是对Samira Horton的介绍，F项“这个来自纽约布鲁克林13岁的女孩，就如DJ Annie Red一样，闻名于世界”符合，故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据空前“DJ Annie Red has a deep voice.（DJ Annie Red声音很低沉）”可知，B项“人们说她的声音像男生的声音”是前文的顺义承接，前文说她声音低沉，所以人们会说她的声音像男生的声音，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据空后“She posts her music online, too.（她也将她的音乐传到网上去）”可知，空后讲的是她表演的方式，且根据本句的“too（也）”可以推出，本空也应是她表演的方式，D项“DJ Annie Red在学校、节日里以及布鲁克林网络游戏上表演”符合，故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Annie Red believes that standing up to bullying is more important than ever.（认为勇敢抵抗欺凌比之前更加重要）”以及空后“‘You don't have to show your face at all,’ she says. ‘Someone could easily be affected by that.’（她说道，你根本不需要露脸，但是一些人很容易就受到伤害。）”可知，空前说勇敢抵抗欺凌很重要，后文提到不需要露脸，因此是在网上欺凌，G项“那是因为人们可以在社交媒体上欺凌别人，并且还是隐藏在用户名背后”承上启下，解释空前对抗霸凌更重要的原因，并说隐藏在用户名背后，引出后文的不用露脸，故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据空前提到出现网上欺凌对人伤害不小，以及空后“She believes that kids of her generation can make things better by finding their passions, and using those passions to inspire changes, as she has.（她认为她这一代的孩子能通过找到热情来让事情朝更好的方向发展，并且他们可以用这些热情来做出一些改变）”可知，前文说明网上欺凌的伤害，后文又说明事情会朝好的方向发展，前后为转折关系，A项“但是她却看到了前方明亮的未来。”符合，故选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
完形填空
The town of Pressure and the town of Pleasure were neighbors but they had nothing in common. Residents built walls to___21___influence from the other town.
In Pressure, everyone struggled to be the very___22___. For instance, when women___23___birth, they would compete to have the baby with the loudest cry. There was violent competition in every aspect of life. Because___24___was the symbol of success, people were___25___busy making money, with no time for___26___. Some young people couldn't bear the intensity and chose to drive to escape.
___27___, in Pleasure, the motto was “As long as you like it, do it.” People___28___without pressure and___29___do anything they liked. Children played computer games day and night. At school, teachers didn't care____30____students came or not. Workers might sit around the office___31___drinking coffee and doing nothing. ____32____the lack of regulations, nobody worried about losing their jobs. It was____33____that mattered. No one had the slightest thought of moving____34____, either for themselves or for the town. The computers they used were the old models from the town of Pressure.
Some of the young were addicted to ____35____because of the emptiness of their lives. Then, people in the two towns began asking themselves. “What is____36____for?” But just before life in the two towns completely____37____, there came a great person--Mr.Reason. He went from door to door, ____38____with people and giving advice. People in Pressure learnt to be content with what they had, ___39___people in Pleasure began to make plans. They____40____the wall between them and built a road to connect the two. People in the two towns came to realize the truth---there is no gap between Pressure and Pleasure if they don't go to extremes.
21. A. connect B. contact C. prevent D. arrange
22. A. worst B. best C. least D. most
23. A. took B. gave C. offered D. brought
24. A. health B. power C. wealth D. status
25. A. sometimes B. hardly C. seldom D. always
26. A. relaxation B. intention C. standard D. starvation
27. A. Furthermore B. Therefore C. However D. Moreover
28. A. got up B. went up C. grew up D. set up
29. A. must B. could C. need D. should
30. A. who B. where C. what D. whether
31. A. all day long B. all night C. all alone D. all the way
32. A. Regardless of B. Due to C. According to D. As for
33. A. pleasure B. time C. money D. pressure
34. A. backward B. downward C. upward D. forward
35. A. drugs B. food C. work D. books
36. A. money B. life C. pleasure D. pressure
37. A. failed B. improved C. lived D. succeeded
38. A. to talk B. talking C. talked D. talks
39. A. when B. as C. while D. since
40. A. went down B. put down C. pulled down D. wrote down
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。从前有两个仅一墙之隔的压力小镇和快乐小镇，两个小镇的人们彼此不相往来。在压力小镇人们时刻处于竞争的压力下；而在快乐小镇人们都不思进取，碌碌无为。这两种截然不同的生活都导致了很多问题，终于有一天两个小镇的人们意识到了如果不走极端的话，压力和快乐是不分开的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：居民们筑起围墙以防止来自另一个城镇的影响。A. connect联系；B. contact接触；C. prevent阻止；D. arrange安排。根据上文“The town of Pressure and the town of Pleasure were neighbors but they had nothing in common.”可知上文提到压力小镇和快乐小镇生活在一起，没有共同点，所以居民修建了一堵墙让他们免受对方的影响，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在压力小镇中，每个人都努力成为最好的自己。A. worst最坏的；B. best最好的；C. least最少的；D. most最多的。根据下文“There was violent competition in every aspect of life.”可知压力小镇的人们都在为变得最好而努力。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：例如，当妇女的孩子出生时他们就要比较谁的孩子的哭声最大。A. took拿；B. gave给；C. offered提供；D. brought带来。根据下文“they would compete to have the baby with the loudest cry.”可知是生孩子时候，give birth表示分娩，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为财富是成功的象征，人们总是忙于赚钱，没有时间放松。A. health 健康；B. power力量；C. wealth财富；D. status地位。根据下文“people were___5__busy making money”可知人们都忙着挣钱，由此推断在小镇上判断是否成功的标准是财富的多少，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sometimes 有时；B. hardly几乎不；C. seldom很少；D. always总是。根据上文的讲述可知人们为了成功，为了多挣钱总是忙忙碌碌的，故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. relaxation 放松； B. intension意图；C. standard 标准；D. starvation饥饿。根据上文 “people were___5__busy making money”可知人们都忙着挣钱，”没有时间放松。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，快乐小镇的座右铭是“只要你喜欢，就去做。”A. Furthermore此外；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。根据上下文可知此段讲述快乐小镇和压力小镇截然不同的情况，此处应该是转折，在快乐小镇上，快乐小镇的座右铭是“只要你喜欢，就去做。”故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们在没有压力的情况下成长，可以做任何他们喜欢的事情。A. got up 起床；B. went up起来；C. grew up成长；D. set up建立。根据上文“the motto was “As long as you like it, do it.””可知人们没有压力的成长。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. must 必须；B. could 能；C. need 需要；D. should应该。根据上文“People___8___without pressure”可知人们在快乐小镇上可以随意做喜欢做的事情，换句话说，人们能够做想做的任何事情，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在学校，老师不关心学生来不来。A. who谁；B. where哪里；C. what什么；D. whether是否。本句连接的是宾语从句，根据下文“Workers might sit around the office__11__drinking coffee and doing nothing.”可知老师也不关心学生来不来上课，需要whether引导的宾语从句，表是否，符合题意，故选D。
【31题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：员工可能整天坐在办公室里喝咖啡，什么都不做。A. all day long 一整天；B. all night整晚；C. all alone独自；D. all the way一直。根据上文“Children played computer games day and night.”可知孩子们整天玩游戏，由此推测成年人们也是每天都喝咖啡，无所事事。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：由于缺乏监管，没有人担心失去工作。A. Regardless of 不管；B. Due to由于；C. According to 根据； D. As for至于。根据下文“nobody worried about losing their jobs”可以判断没有规章制度是人们不担心失业的原因，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是快乐。A. pleasure愉快；B. time 时间；C. money 金钱； D. pressure压力。根据上下文可知在快乐小镇最重要的事情就是快乐，因为喜欢做什么就做什么，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有人想过要继续前进，不管是为了自己还是为了小镇。A. backward向后；B. downward向下；C. upward向上；D. forward向前。前面主要讲述了快乐小镇的快乐生活，因此因为这种快乐生活没有一个人有为他们自己或者是这个小镇的向前发展考虑过。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于生活的空虚，一些年轻人染上了毒瘾。A. drugs药物；B. food食物；C. work工作；D. books书籍。根据文章内容可知快乐小镇上的人们生活的空虚无聊，年轻人就要寻求刺激，由此推测他们开始吸毒，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活是为了什么? A. money金钱；B. life生活；C. pleasure乐趣；D. pressure压力。根据上下文可知此处说的是两个小镇上的人们生活出现了问题，他们对自己的生活目的提出了质疑，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但就在这两个城镇的生活彻底失败之前，来了一个伟大的人——理性先生。A. failed失败；B. improved提高；C. lived生活；D. succeeded成功。由上文的叙述可知快乐小镇上的人们因为空虚而吸毒，而压力小镇上的人们无法忍受这种压力而逃离，由此可知他们的生活都是失败的，故选A。
【38题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：他挨家挨户地与人们交谈，并提出建议。A. to talk谈话，不定式；B. talking谈话，现在分词；C. talked谈话，一般过去时；D. talks谈话，一般现在时。分析可知，这里是和giving advice并列做状语，应用现在分词形式。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：压力中的人学会了满足于他们所拥有的，而快乐中的人开始制定计划。A. when当……时候； B. as即使；C. while然而；D. since自从。前一句是压力小镇开始满足现在所拥有的，下一句是快乐小镇开始制定计划，前后进行对比。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们拆掉了他们之间的墙，修了一条路把两者连接起来。A. went down 停止；B. put down放下；C. pulled down拆毁；D. wrote down写下。根据下文“built a road to connect the two”可知人们拆掉了两个小镇之间的那堵墙，故选C。
第II卷(50分)
注意事项：用0. 5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 英语知识运用
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Since late July, there have been large-scale and high-intensity high temperatures in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River due to an____41____(normal) strong subtropical high pressure system in the western Pacific,” Chen Tao said. “____42____ (base) on our analysis, the system will continue and high temperatures will persist in those regions for the coming two weeks.”
Chen Lijuan, chief forecaster at the National Climate Center said, high temperatures ____43____(stay) in many parts of southern China since June. “While this year’s duration of regional high temperatures is set to break the record and become the____44____(hot) year since 1961,” she said. Shanghai,____45____entered its 41st day of temperatures above 35℃ on Sunday, has experienced six days with high temperatures above 40℃ this summer. The city’s temperature hit 40.9℃ on July 13,____46____(equal) the highest temperature in Shanghai since records began in 1873.
Affected by the high temperatures, some areas in the Sichuan basin and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have already experienced drought and may continue or get ____47____(bad), said Chen Tao. The high temperature weather has a certain unfavorable impact ____48____agricultural production in the southern region, and continuous high temperatures are not ____49____(benefit) to the ____50____(grow) and development of some crops.
【答案】41. abnormally
42. Based 43. have stayed
44. hottest
45. which 46. equaling##equalling
47. worse 48. on
49. beneficial
50. growth
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了7月下旬以来长江中下游地区出现了大规模高强度的高温天气，以及高温天气对农作物的影响。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：“7月下旬以来，受西太平洋副热带高压异常强的影响，长江中下游地区出现了大规模高强度高温天气。”陈涛说。此处应用副词修饰形容词strong，结合句意可知此处指“异常地”，故填abnormally。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：根据我们的分析，未来两周，高压系统将会继续，高温天气在这些地区将继续存在。动词base和逻辑主语the system之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语，首字母应大写。故填Based。
【43题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：国家气候中心首席预报员陈丽娟表示，自6月以来，中国南方许多地区一直处于高温状态。根据时间状语“since June”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语temperatures是名词复数，助动词用have，故填have stayed。
【44题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：“而今年地区高温持续时间将打破记录，成为1961年以来最热的一年。”她说。根据“break the record”可知，此处应用形容词最高级，故填hottest。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：上周日，上海连续第41天气温超过35℃，今年夏天，上海已经连续6天气温超过40℃。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Shanghai，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【46题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：7月13日，上海的气温达到了40.9℃，与上海自1873年有记录以来的最高气温持平。动词equal和逻辑主语40.9℃之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填equaling/equalling。
【47题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：陈涛表示，受高温的影响，四川盆地和长江中下游的一些地区已经经历了干旱，而且可能会持续或恶化。结合句意及“may continue”可知，此处指“可能会持续或者恶化”，应用形容词比较级。故填worse。
【48题详解】
考查介词。句意：高温天气对南方地区的农业生产有一定的不利影响，持续的高温不利于部分作物的生长发育。have an impact on sth对……有影响，固定短语。故填on。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。此处应填形容词作表语，beneficial有益的，形容词。故填beneficial。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。此处和名词development并列，应用名词形式，growth生长，成长，不可数名词。故填growth。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Yesterday, I went to an amazed Chinese art festival. It was of an exciting experience for a foreign student like me. Which caught my attention first was a 15th-century qinghua bowl. It vivid showed a dragon playing with a ball. Then I tried some paper cutting, that is, making images out of paper. It was difficult, but a lot of funs! With the help of the artist, I manage to make one in the shape of a fish. There was also an old man write Chinese calligraphy: his writing was so free and elegant! Another man sitting next him showed me how seal cutting (篆刻) worked. Finally, he made one for myself with my name in Chinese—pretty awesome!
【答案】1.amazed→amazing 2.将of去掉 3.Which→What 4.vivid→vividly 5.funs→fun
6.the→an 7.manage→managed 8.write→writing 9.在next后面加to 10.myself→me
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。介绍了作者参加艺术节的一次经历。
【详解】1. 考查形容词。句意：昨天我去参加了一个很棒的中国艺术节。以后缀-ing结尾的形容词，主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征。故将amazed改为amazing。
2. 考查主系表句型。句意：对于像我这样的外国学生来说，这是一次令人兴奋的经历。主系表结构，这里用名词做表语，不能加介词。故去掉介词of。
3. 考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：首先引起我注意的是一个15世纪的青花瓷碗。此处为主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语。What意为“……的东西或表情；什么样的”，引导名词性从句，可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语。Which引导定语从句。故将which改为what。
4. 考查副词。句意：它生动地展示了一条龙在戏珠。修饰后面动词showed，用副词vividly，表示“生动地”。故将vivid改为vividly。
5. 考查名词。句意：这很难，但是很有趣。 fun是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将funs改为fun。
6. 考查冠词。句意：在一名艺术家的帮助下，我设法做了一个鱼的形状。这里的艺术家不是具体特定的，只是强调有一名艺术家帮我，应用冠词，冠词后面的词artist以元音音素开头。故将the改为an。
7. 考查时态。句意：同上。根据“Yesterday, I went to an amazed Chinese art festival. ”可知事情发生在昨天，相应的动作用一般过去时 。故将manage改为managed。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：还有一位老人在写中国书法。修饰前面的名man，且动作与前面的名词构成主动关系，用writing，表示“在写……的”。故将write改为writing。
9. 考查介词短语。句意：坐在他旁边的另一个人向我展示了篆刻的工作原理。next to是介词短语，表示“紧挨着……”。故在next后加to。
10. 考查人称代词。句意：最后他用我的中文名字给我做了一个，非常棒。主语和宾语不是同一人，不用反身代词，这里的宾语是“我”，故用宾格形式me。故将myself改为me。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 在和谐社会里，人与人之间的互帮互助已构成我们生活中的重要组成部分。你校英语俱乐部将举行一次以“Helping Each Other Makes the World Wonderful”为题的英语演讲比赛。请你以李华的名义用英语写一篇演讲稿。内容要点如下：
1.帮助同学——加深友谊；2.帮助老人——幸福；3.帮助病人——快乐；4.帮助别人的体会和感悟。
注意：词数80左右。
Helping Each Other Makes the World Wonderful
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hello, everyone.
I’m Li Hua. Today I am very glad to have the chance to speak about the topic. As we all know, it is an important part of our life to help each other. We can gain more from helping others. For example, we can strengthen our friendship when helping our classmates. We can feel happy when we help old people. And we can take great pleasure when we help patients in hospital. In a word, helping others can promote us. So I’m ready to help others in need, and I strongly believe that it will be of great use to build a peaceful and wonderful world. Let’s take action to achieve the good wishes. Thank you for your listening.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，参加以“Helping Each Other Makes the World Wonderful”为题的英语演讲比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：opportunity→chance
获得：obtain→gain
高兴的：happy→glad
例如：for instance=for example
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In a word, helping others can promote us. So I’m ready to help others in need, and I strongly believe that it will be of great use to build a peaceful and wonderful world.
拓展句：So I’m ready to help others in need, and I strongly believe that it will be of great use to build a peaceful and wonderful world because helping others can promote us.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We can feel happy when we help old people. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] In a word, helping others can promote us. (运用了动名词作主语)
听力答案：1—5 AACBA 6—10 CBACB 11—15 ACBAC 16-20 BCAAC
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